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Back W, Bang M, Jung JH, Kang KW, Choi BH, Choi Y, Hong S, Kim HK, Park Y, Park JH. Charge-Based Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Human Plasma. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17832-17838. [PMID: 38680311 PMCID: PMC11044138 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered significant attention due to their potential applications in disease diagnostics and management. However, the process of isolating EVs, primarily from blood samples, is still suboptimal. This is mainly attributed to the abundant nature of soluble proteins and lipoproteins, which are often separated together with EVs in the end products of conventional isolation methods. As such, we devise a single-step charge-based EV isolation method by utilizing positively charged beads to selectively remove negatively charged major impurities from human plasma via electrostatic interaction. By carefully controlling the buffer pH, we successfully collected EVs from undesired plasma components with superior purity and yield compared to conventional EV collection methods. Moreover, the developed process is rapid, taking only about 20 min for overall EV isolation. The charge-based isolation can ultimately benefit the EV-based liquid biopsy field for the early diagnosis of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Back
- Department
of Bio and Brain Engineering and KAIST Institute for Health Science
and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseo Bang
- Department
of Bio and Brain Engineering and KAIST Institute for Health Science
and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jik-Han Jung
- Department
of Bio and Brain Engineering and KAIST Institute for Health Science
and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ka-Won Kang
- Division
of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Hyeon Choi
- Department
of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Biomedical
Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
- Korea
Artificial Organ Center, Korea University, Seoul 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonho Choi
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoi Hong
- School of
Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, Korea
University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Koo Kim
- Department
of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Biomedical
Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Park
- Division
of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department
of Bio and Brain Engineering and KAIST Institute for Health Science
and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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2
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Abbasi R, Nejati V, Rezaie J. Exosomes biogenesis was increased in metformin-treated human ovary cancer cells; possibly to mediate resistance. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:137. [PMID: 38627767 PMCID: PMC11022479 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03312-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes derived from tumor cells contribute to the pathogenesis of cancers. Metformin, the most usually used drug for type 2 diabetes, has been frequently investigated for anticancer effects. Here, we examined whether metformin affects exosomes signaling in human ovary cancer cells in vitro. METHODS Human ovary cancer cells, including A2780 and Skov3 cells, were treated with metformin for either 24-48 h. Cell viability and caspase-3 activity were determined by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) and colorimetric assays respectively. Oil-Red-O staining and in vitro, scratch assays were used to examine cellular toxicity and wound healing rate. After treatment with metformin, exosomes were isolated from cells and quantified by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) assay, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and their markers. Genes related to exosomes signaling were analyzed by real-time PCR or western blotting. RESULTS Our results showed that metformin decreased the viability of both cells dose/time-dependently (P < 0.05). Metformin increased the activity of caspase-3 (P < 0.05) as well as the number of Oil-Red-O positive cells in both cell lines. In vitro scratch assay showed that the cell migration rate of metformin-treated cells was decreased (P < 0.05), whereas AChE activity of exosomes from metformin-treated cells was increased (P < 0.05). Concurrent with an increase in CD63 protein levels, expression of Alix, CD63, CD81, Lamp-2, and Rab27b up-regulated in treated cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Results indicated that metformin had a cytotoxic effect on ovary cancer cells and enhanced exosome biogenesis and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Abbasi
- Department of Biology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Vahid Nejati
- Department of Biology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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3
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Quiralte M, Barquín A, Yagüe-Fernández M, Navarro P, Grazioso TP, Sevillano-Fernández E, Rodriguez-Moreno JF, Balarezo-Saldivar A, Peinado H, Izquierdo E, Millán C, López-Carrasco I, Prieto M, Madurga R, Fernández-Miranda I, Ruiz-Llorente S, García-Donas J. Proteomic profiles of peritoneal fluid-derived small extracellular vesicles correlate with patient outcome in ovarian cancer. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e176161. [PMID: 38564289 DOI: 10.1172/jci176161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are capable of modifying the tumor microenvironment and promoting tumor progression. Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is a lethal malignancy that preferentially spreads through the abdominal cavity. Thus, the secretion of such vesicles into the peritoneal fluid could be a determinant factor in the dissemination and behavior of this disease. We designed a prospective observational study to assess the impact of peritoneal fluid-derived sEVs (PFD-sEVs) in OvCa clinical outcome. For this purpose, 2 patient cohorts were enrolled: patients with OvCa who underwent a diagnostic or cytoreductive surgery and nononcological patients, who underwent abdominal surgery for benign gynecological conditions and acted as the control group. Systematic extraction of PFD-sEVs from surgical samples enabled us to observe significant quantitative and qualitative differences associated with cancer diagnosis, disease stage, and platinum chemosensitivity. Proteomic profiling of PFD-sEVs led to the identification of molecular pathways and proteins of interest and to the biological validation of S100A4 and STX5. In addition, unsupervised analysis of PFD-sEV proteomic profiles in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOCs) revealed 2 clusters with different outcomes in terms of overall survival. In conclusion, comprehensive characterization of PFD-sEV content provided a prognostic value with potential implications in HGSOC clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Quiralte
- Laboratory of Innovation in Oncology, Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Centre (HM CIOCC), HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arantzazu Barquín
- Laboratory of Innovation in Oncology, Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Centre (HM CIOCC), HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- HM CIOCC, HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Yagüe-Fernández
- Laboratory of Innovation in Oncology, Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Centre (HM CIOCC), HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Navarro
- Laboratory of Innovation in Oncology, Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Centre (HM CIOCC), HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tatiana P Grazioso
- Laboratory of Innovation in Oncology, Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Centre (HM CIOCC), HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Sevillano-Fernández
- Laboratory of Innovation in Oncology, Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Centre (HM CIOCC), HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- HM CIOCC, HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F Rodriguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Innovation in Oncology, Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Centre (HM CIOCC), HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- HM CIOCC, HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Balarezo-Saldivar
- Laboratory of Innovation in Oncology, Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Centre (HM CIOCC), HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor Peinado
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Izquierdo
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Millán
- Gynecologic Unit, HM Montepríncipe University Hospital, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene López-Carrasco
- Gynecologic Unit, HM Montepríncipe University Hospital, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Prieto
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Therapeutic Targets Laboratory, HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Madurga
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ismael Fernández-Miranda
- R&D Oncology Business Unit, Pharmacogenomic and Cell Biology Departments, PharmaMar, Colmenar Viejo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Ruiz-Llorente
- Laboratory of Innovation in Oncology, Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Centre (HM CIOCC), HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Genetics Area, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús García-Donas
- Laboratory of Innovation in Oncology, Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Centre (HM CIOCC), HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
- HM CIOCC, HM Sanchinarro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Pleskač P, Fargeas CA, Veselska R, Corbeil D, Skoda J. Emerging roles of prominin-1 (CD133) in the dynamics of plasma membrane architecture and cell signaling pathways in health and disease. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:41. [PMID: 38532366 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prominin-1 (CD133) is a cholesterol-binding membrane glycoprotein selectively associated with highly curved and prominent membrane structures. It is widely recognized as an antigenic marker of stem cells and cancer stem cells and is frequently used to isolate them from biological and clinical samples. Recent progress in understanding various aspects of CD133 biology in different cell types has revealed the involvement of CD133 in the architecture and dynamics of plasma membrane protrusions, such as microvilli and cilia, including the release of extracellular vesicles, as well as in various signaling pathways, which may be regulated in part by posttranslational modifications of CD133 and its interactions with a variety of proteins and lipids. Hence, CD133 appears to be a master regulator of cell signaling as its engagement in PI3K/Akt, Src-FAK, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β/Smad and MAPK/ERK pathways may explain its broad action in many cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration or intercellular communication. Here, we summarize early studies on CD133, as they are essential to grasp its novel features, and describe recent evidence demonstrating that this unique molecule is involved in membrane dynamics and molecular signaling that affects various facets of tissue homeostasis and cancer development. We hope this review will provide an informative resource for future efforts to elucidate the details of CD133's molecular function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Pleskač
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Christine A Fargeas
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Renata Veselska
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Jan Skoda
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
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5
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Horie M, Takagane K, Itoh G, Kuriyama S, Yanagihara K, Yashiro M, Umakoshi M, Goto A, Arita J, Tanaka M. Exosomes secreted by ST3GAL5 high cancer cells promote peritoneal dissemination by establishing a premetastatic microenvironment. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:21-43. [PMID: 37716915 PMCID: PMC10766203 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dissemination of cancer affects patient survival. The behavior of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) and immune cells influences the establishment of a microenvironment that promotes cancer cell metastasis in the peritoneum. Here, we investigated the roles of lactosylceramide alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase (ST3G5; also known as ST3GAL5 and GM3 synthase) in the exosome-mediated premetastatic niche in peritoneal milky spots (MSs). Exosomes secreted from ST3G5high cancer cells (ST3G5high -cExos) were found to contain high levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α) and accumulated in MSs via uptake in macrophages (MΦs) owing to increased expression of sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 1 (CD169; also known as SIGLEC1). ST3G5high -cExos induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and glucose metabolic changes in MΦs, and the interaction of these MΦs with PMCs promoted mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT) in PMCs, thereby generating αSMA+ myofibroblasts. ST3G5high -cExos also increased the expression of immune checkpoint molecules and T-cell exhaustion in MSs, which accelerated metastasis to the omentum. These events were prevented following ST3G5 depletion in cancer cells. Mechanistically, ST3G5high -cExos upregulated chemokines, including CC-chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), in recipient MΦs and dendritic cells (DCs), which induced MMT and immunosuppression via activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Maraviroc, a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonist, prevented ST3G5high -cExo-mediated MMT, T-cell suppression, and metastasis in MSs. Our results suggest ST3G5 as a suitable therapeutic target for preventing cExo-mediated peritoneal dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Horie
- Department of Molecular Medicine and BiochemistryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Kurara Takagane
- Department of Molecular Medicine and BiochemistryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Go Itoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and BiochemistryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Sei Kuriyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine and BiochemistryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Rare Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Molecular Oncology and TherapeuticsOsaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Michinobu Umakoshi
- Department of Cellular and Organ PathologyAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Akiteru Goto
- Department of Cellular and Organ PathologyAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Junichi Arita
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Masamitsu Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and BiochemistryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
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6
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Wang X, Li H, Wang Z, Chen J, Chen W, Zhou X, Zhang L, Xu S, Gao XD, Yang G. Site- and Structure-Specific Glycosylation Signatures of Bovine, Caprine, Porcine, and Human Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20826-20837. [PMID: 38096130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles released by living cells. As vesicles for macromolecule transmission and intercellular communication, EVs are broadly applied in clinical diagnosis and biomimetic drug delivery. Milk-derived EVs (MEVs) are an ideal choice for scale-up applications because they exhibit biocompatibility and are easily obtained. Herein, intact glycopeptides in MEVs from bovines, caprines, porcines, and humans were comprehensively analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry using the sceHCD, followed by the EThcD fragment method, revealing that protein glycosylation is abundant and heterogeneous in MEVs. The dominant glycans in all MEVs were sialic acid-modified N-linked glycans (over 50%). A couple of species-specific glycans were also characterized, which are potentially markers of different original EVs. Interestingly, the Neu5Gc-modified glycans were enriched in caprine milk-derived EVs (58 ± 2%). Heterogeneity of MEV protein glycosylation was observed for glycosites and glycan compositions, and the structural heterogeneity of protein glycosylation was also identified and validated. The glycosignatures of EV biogenesis- and endocytosis-related proteins (CD63 and MFGE8) were significantly different in these four species. Overall, we comprehensively characterized the glycosylation signature of MEVs from four different species and provided insight into protein glycosylation related to drug target delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jingru Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiaoman Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Shiqian Xu
- Henan XinDa Livestock Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ganglong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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7
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Zhang C, Qin M. Extracellular vesicles targeting tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126300. [PMID: 37573911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a prevalent neoplastic condition affecting women. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), nano-sized membrane vesicles, are secreted by various cells in both physiological and pathological states. The profound interplay between EVs and the tumor microenvironment (TME) in ovarian cancer is crucial. In this review, we explores the pivotal role of EVs in facilitating intercellular communication between cancer cells and the TME, emphasizing the potential of EVs as promising diagnostic markers and innovative therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer. The comprehensive analysis outlines the specific mechanisms by which EVs engage in communication with the constituents of the TME, including the modulation of tumor growth through EVs carrying matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and EV-mediated inhibition of angiogenesis, among other factors. Additionally, the we discuss the potential clinical applications of EVs that target the TME in ovarian cancer, encompassing the establishment of novel treatment strategies and the identification of novel biomarkers for early detection and prognosis. Finally, this review identifies novel strategies for therapeutic interventions, such as utilizing EVs as carriers for drug delivery and targeting specific EV-mediated signaling pathways. In summary, this manuscript offers valuable insights into the role of EVs in ovarian cancer and highlights the significance of comprehending intercellular communication in the realm of cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | - Meiying Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China.
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8
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Chen S, Iannotta D, O'Mara ML, Goncalves JP, Wolfram J. Extracellular vesicle lipids in cancer immunoevasion. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:883-886. [PMID: 37666676 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) modulate immunological responses. Lipids have diverse biological functions, and are known to promote tumor malignancy. However, the immunoevasive roles of EV lipids in cancer progression remain poorly understood. Nevertheless, the study of cancer cell-derived EV lipids holds great promise for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cnr College Rd & Cooper Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Dalila Iannotta
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Andrew N. Liveris Building, 46 Staff House Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Megan L O'Mara
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cnr College Rd & Cooper Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Jenifer Pendiuk Goncalves
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cnr College Rd & Cooper Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Joy Wolfram
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cnr College Rd & Cooper Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Andrew N. Liveris Building, 46 Staff House Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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9
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Mukherjee S, Nag S, Mukerjee N, Maitra S, Muthusamy R, Fuloria NK, Fuloria S, Adhikari MD, Anand K, Thorat N, Subramaniyan V, Gorai S. Unlocking Exosome-Based Theragnostic Signatures: Deciphering Secrets of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:36614-36627. [PMID: 37841156 PMCID: PMC10568589 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common gynecological cancer worldwide. Unfortunately, the lack of early detection methods translates into a substantial cohort of women grappling with the pressing health crisis. The discovery of extracellular vesicles (EVs) (their major subpopulation exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies) has provided new insights into the understanding of cancer. Exosomes, a subpopulation of EVs, play a crucial role in cellular communication and reflect the cellular status under both healthy and pathological conditions. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) dynamically influence ovarian cancer progression by regulating uncontrolled cell growth, immune suppression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and the development of drug and therapeutic resistance. In the field of OC diagnostics, TEXs offer potential biomarkers in various body fluids. On the other hand, exosomes have also shown promising abilities to cure ovarian cancer. In this review, we address the interlink between exosomes and ovarian cancer and explore their theragnostic signature. Finally, we highlight future directions of exosome-based ovarian cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantanee Mukherjee
- Centre
for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Sagnik Nag
- Department
of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Tiruvalam Road, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Department
of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, West Bengal 700126, Kolkata, India
- Department
of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community
Educational Foundation, New South
Wales, Australia
| | - Swastika Maitra
- Department
of Microbiology, Adamas University, West Bengal 700126, Kolkata, India
| | - Raman Muthusamy
- Department
of Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, & Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Semeling, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Semeling, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
| | - Manab Deb Adhikari
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal
Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal 734013, India
| | - Krishnan Anand
- Department
of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Nanasaheb Thorat
- Limerick
Digital Cancer Research Centre and Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy Co. Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Jeffrey
Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar
Sunway, 47500 Selangor
Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Center
for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha
Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical
and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
| | - Sukhamoy Gorai
- Rush
University Medical Center, 1620 West Harrison Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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10
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Hegde M, Kumar A, Girisa S, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Goel A, Hui KM, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Exosomal noncoding RNA-mediated spatiotemporal regulation of lipid metabolism: Implications in immune evasion and chronic inflammation. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 73:114-134. [PMID: 37419767 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The hallmark of chronic inflammatory diseases is immune evasion. Successful immune evasion involves numerous mechanisms to suppress both adaptive and innate immune responses. Either direct contact between cells or paracrine signaling triggers these responses. Exosomes are critical drivers of these interactions and exhibit both immunogenic and immune evasion properties during the development and progression of various chronic inflammatory diseases. Exosomes carry diverse molecular cargo, including lipids, proteins, and RNAs that are crucial for immunomodulation. Moreover, recent studies have revealed that exosomes and their cargo-loaded molecules are extensively involved in lipid remodeling and metabolism during immune surveillance and disease. Many studies have also shown the involvement of lipids in controlling immune cell activities and their crucial upstream functions in regulating inflammasome activation, suggesting that any perturbation in lipid metabolism results in abnormal immune responses. Strikingly, the expanded immunometabolic reprogramming capacities of exosomes and their contents provided insights into the novel mechanisms behind the prophylaxis of inflammatory diseases. By summarizing the tremendous therapeutic potential of exosomes, this review emphasizes the role of exosome-derived noncoding RNAs in regulating immune responses through the modulation of lipid metabolism and their promising therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Computers and communications Department College of Engineering Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Akul Goel
- California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology and NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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11
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Li L, Wang C, Li Q, Guan Y, Zhang X, Kong F, Feng Z, Lu Y, Wang D, Wang N. Exosomes as a modulator of immune resistance in human cancers. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 73:135-149. [PMID: 37543438 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment (TME), exosomes secreted by cells form interactive networks between the tumor cells and immune cells, thereby regulating immune signaling cascades in the TME. As key messengers of cell-to-cell communication in the TME, exosomes not only take charge of tumor cell antigen presentation to the immune cells, but also regulate the activities of immune cells, inhibit immune function, and, especially, promote immune resistance, all of which affects the therapeutic outcomes of tumors. Exosomes, which are small-sized vesicles, possess some remarkable advantages, including strong biological activity, a lack of immunogenicity and toxicity, and a strong targeting ability. Based on these characteristics, research on exosomes as biomarkers or carriers of tumor therapeutic drugs has become a research hotspot in related fields. This review describes the role of exosomes in cell communications in the TME, summarizes the effectiveness of exosome-based immunotherapy in overcoming immune resistance in cancer treatment, and systematically summarizes and discusses the characteristics of exosomes from different cell sources. Furthermore, the prospects and challenges of exosome-related therapies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhou Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Chunyue Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Qiucheng Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Yue Guan
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Fange Kong
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Zixin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Yuanjun Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Di Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China.
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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12
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van der Haar Àvila I, Windhouwer B, van Vliet SJ. Current state-of-the-art on ganglioside-mediated immune modulation in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:941-958. [PMID: 37266839 PMCID: PMC10584724 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10108-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides are sialylated glycolipids, mainly present at the cell surface membrane, involved in a variety of cellular signaling events. During malignant transformation, the composition of these glycosphingolipids is altered, leading to structural and functional changes, which are often negatively correlated to patient survival. Cancer cells have the ability to shed gangliosides into the tumor microenvironment, where they have a strong impact on anti-tumor immunity and promote tumor progression. Since most ganglioside species show prominent immunosuppressive activities, they might be considered checkpoint molecules released to counteract ongoing immunosurveillance. In this review, we highlight the current state-of-the-art on the ganglioside-mediated immunomodulation, specified for the different immune cells and individual gangliosides. In addition, we address the dual role that certain gangliosides play in the tumor microenvironment. Even though some ganglioside species have been more extensively studied than others, they are proven to contribute to the defense mechanisms of the tumor and should be regarded as promising therapeutic targets for inclusion in future immunotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene van der Haar Àvila
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Britt Windhouwer
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Cancer Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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13
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Hu M, Kenific CM, Boudreau N, Lyden D. Tumor-derived nanoseeds condition the soil for metastatic organotropism. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 93:70-82. [PMID: 37178822 PMCID: PMC10362948 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Primary tumors secrete a variety of factors to turn distant microenvironments into favorable and fertile 'soil' for subsequent metastases. Among these 'seeding' factors that initiate pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation, tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are of particular interest as tumor EVs can direct organotropism depending on their surface integrin profiles. In addition, EVs also contain versatile, bioactive cargo, which include proteins, metabolites, lipids, RNA, and DNA fragments. The cargo incorporated into EVs is collectively shed from cancer cells and cancer-associated stromal cells. Increased understanding of how tumor EVs promote PMN establishment and detection of EVs in bodily fluids highlight how tumor EVs could serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as provide a therapeutic target for metastasis prevention. This review focuses on tumor-derived EVs and how they direct organotropism and subsequently modulate stromal and immune microenvironments at distal sites to facilitate PMN formation. We also outline the progress made thus far towards clinical applications of tumor EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Hu
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Candia M Kenific
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nancy Boudreau
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - David Lyden
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Kushch AA, Ivanov AV. [Exosomes in the life cycle of viruses and the pathogenesis of viral infections]. Vopr Virusol 2023; 68:181-197. [PMID: 37436410 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, with a bilayer membrane, 30160 nm in diameter. Exosomes are released from cells of different origins and are detected in various body fluids. They contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, metabolites and can transfer the contents to recipient cells. Exosome biogenesis involves cellular proteins of the Rab GTPase family and the ESCRT system, which regulate budding, vesicle transport, molecule sorting, membrane fusion, formation of multivesicular bodies and exosome secretion. Exosomes are released from cells infected with viruses and may contain viral DNA and RNA, as well as mRNA, microRNA, other types of RNA, proteins and virions. Exosomes are capable of transferring viral components into uninfected cells of various organs and tissues. This review analyzes the impact of exosomes on the life cycle of widespread viruses that cause serious human diseases: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, SARS-CoV-2. Viruses are able to enter cells by endocytosis, use molecular and cellular pathways involving Rab and ESCRT proteins to release exosomes and spread viral infections. It has been shown that exosomes can have multidirectional effects on the pathogenesis of viral infections, suppressing or enhancing the course of diseases. Exosomes can potentially be used in noninvasive diagnostics as biomarkers of the stage of infection, and exosomes loaded with biomolecules and drugs - as therapeutic agents. Genetically modified exosomes are promising candidates for new antiviral vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Kushch
- National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - A V Ivanov
- Institute of Molecular Biology named after V.A. Engelhardt of Russian Academy of Sciences
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15
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Jin X, Yang GY. Pathophysiological roles and applications of glycosphingolipids in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer diseases. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101241. [PMID: 37524133 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are major amphiphilic glycolipids present on the surface of living cell membranes. They have important biological functions, including maintaining plasma membrane stability, regulating signal transduction, and mediating cell recognition and adhesion. Specific GSLs and related enzymes are abnormally expressed in many cancer diseases and affect the malignant characteristics of tumors. The regulatory roles of GSLs in signaling pathways suggest that they are involved in tumor pathogenesis. GSLs have therefore been widely studied as diagnostic markers of cancer diseases and important targets of immunotherapy. This review describes the tumor-related biological functions of GSLs and systematically introduces recent progress in using diverse GSLs and related enzymes to diagnose and treat tumor diseases. Development of drugs and biomarkers for personalized cancer therapy based on GSL structure is also discussed. These advances, combined with recent progress in the preparation of GSLs derivatives through synthetic biology technologies, suggest a strong future for the use of customized GSL libraries in treating human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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16
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Wilczyński JR, Wilczyński M, Paradowska E. "DEPHENCE" system-a novel regimen of therapy that is urgently needed in the high-grade serous ovarian cancer-a focus on anti-cancer stem cell and anti-tumor microenvironment targeted therapies. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1201497. [PMID: 37448521 PMCID: PMC10338102 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1201497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, especially high-grade serous type, is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. The lack of screening programs and the scarcity of symptomatology result in the late diagnosis in about 75% of affected women. Despite very demanding and aggressive surgical treatment, multiple-line chemotherapy regimens and both approved and clinically tested targeted therapies, the overall survival of patients is still unsatisfactory and disappointing. Research studies have recently brought some more understanding of the molecular diversity of the ovarian cancer, its unique intraperitoneal biology, the role of cancer stem cells, and the complexity of tumor microenvironment. There is a growing body of evidence that individualization of the treatment adjusted to the molecular and biochemical signature of the tumor as well as to the medical status of the patient should replace or supplement the foregoing therapy. In this review, we have proposed the principles of the novel regimen of the therapy that we called the "DEPHENCE" system, and we have extensively discussed the results of the studies focused on the ovarian cancer stem cells, other components of cancer metastatic niche, and, finally, clinical trials targeting these two environments. Through this, we have tried to present the evolving landscape of treatment options and put flesh on the experimental approach to attack the high-grade serous ovarian cancer multidirectionally, corresponding to the "DEPHENCE" system postulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek R Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Miłosz Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecological, Endoscopic and Oncological Surgery, Polish Mother's Health Center-Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Surgical and Endoscopic Gynecology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Edyta Paradowska
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
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17
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Schmidt EN, Lamprinaki D, McCord KA, Joe M, Sojitra M, Waldow A, Nguyen J, Monyror J, Kitova EN, Mozaneh F, Guo XY, Jung J, Enterina JR, Daskhan GC, Han L, Krysler AR, Cromwell CR, Hubbard BP, West LJ, Kulka M, Sipione S, Klassen JS, Derda R, Lowary TL, Mahal LK, Riddell MR, Macauley MS. Siglec-6 mediates the uptake of extracellular vesicles through a noncanonical glycolipid binding pocket. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2327. [PMID: 37087495 PMCID: PMC10122656 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory Siglecs are controlled by their glycoprotein and glycolipid ligands. Siglec-glycolipid interactions are often studied outside the context of a lipid bilayer, missing the complex behaviors of glycolipids in a membrane. Through optimizing a liposomal formulation to dissect Siglec-glycolipid interactions, it is shown that Siglec-6 can recognize glycolipids independent of its canonical binding pocket, suggesting that Siglec-6 possesses a secondary binding pocket tailored for recognizing glycolipids in a bilayer. A panel of synthetic neoglycolipids is used to probe the specificity of this glycolipid binding pocket on Siglec-6, leading to the development of a neoglycolipid with higher avidity for Siglec-6 compared to natural glycolipids. This neoglycolipid facilitates the delivery of liposomes to Siglec-6 on human mast cells, memory B-cells and placental syncytiotrophoblasts. A physiological relevance for glycolipid recognition by Siglec-6 is revealed for the binding and internalization of extracellular vesicles. These results demonstrate a unique and physiologically relevant ability of Siglec-6 to recognize glycolipids in a membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward N Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Kelli A McCord
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Maju Joe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mirat Sojitra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ayk Waldow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jasmine Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Physiology University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John Monyror
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Elena N Kitova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Fahima Mozaneh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Xue Yan Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jaesoo Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jhon R Enterina
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gour C Daskhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ling Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Amanda R Krysler
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Basil P Hubbard
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lori J West
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Marianne Kulka
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- National Research Council, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Simonetta Sipione
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John S Klassen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ratmir Derda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Todd L Lowary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lara K Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Meghan R Riddell
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Physiology University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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18
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Patras L, Shaashua L, Matei I, Lyden D. Immune determinants of the pre-metastatic niche. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:546-572. [PMID: 36917952 PMCID: PMC10170403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Primary tumors actively and specifically prime pre-metastatic niches (PMNs), the future sites of organotropic metastasis, preparing these distant microenvironments for disseminated tumor cell arrival. While initial studies of the PMN focused on extracellular matrix alterations and stromal reprogramming, it is increasingly clear that the far-reaching effects of tumors are in great part achieved through systemic and local PMN immunosuppression. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment and provide a comprehensive overview of the immune determinants of the PMN's spatiotemporal evolution. Moreover, we depict the PMN immune landscape, based on functional pre-clinical studies as well as mounting clinical evidence, and the dynamic, reciprocal crosstalk with systemic changes imposed by cancer progression. Finally, we outline emerging therapeutic approaches that alter the dynamics of the interactions driving PMN formation and reverse immunosuppression programs in the PMN ensuring early anti-tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Patras
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lee Shaashua
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Irina Matei
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - David Lyden
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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19
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Cao S, Hu X, Ren S, Wang Y, Shao Y, Wu K, Yang Z, Yang W, He G, Li X. The biological role and immunotherapy of gangliosides and GD3 synthase in cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1076862. [PMID: 36824365 PMCID: PMC9941352 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1076862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are a large subfamily of glycosphingolipids that broadly exist in the nervous system and interact with signaling molecules in the lipid rafts. GD3 and GD2 are two types of disialogangliosides (GDs) that include two sialic acid residues. The expression of GD3 and GD2 in various cancers is mostly upregulated and is involved in tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and immune responses. GD3 synthase (GD3S, ST8SiaI), a subclass of sialyltransferases, regulates the biosynthesis of GD3 and GD2. GD3S is also upregulated in most tumors and plays an important role in the development and progression of tumors. Many clinical trials targeting GD2 are ongoing and various immunotherapy studies targeting gangliosides and GD3S are gradually attracting much interest and attention. This review summarizes the function, molecular mechanisms, and ongoing clinical applications of GD3, GD2, and GD3S in abundant types of tumors, which aims to provide novel targets for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangqi Cao
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Hu
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shangqing Ren
- 2Robotic Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial Peoples Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanxiang Shao
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kan Wu
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- 3Department of Urology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Weixiao Yang
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- 4State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xiang Li,
| | - Xiang Li
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xiang Li,
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20
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Gong X, Chi H, Strohmer DF, Teichmann AT, Xia Z, Wang Q. Exosomes: A potential tool for immunotherapy of ovarian cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1089410. [PMID: 36741380 PMCID: PMC9889675 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1089410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor of the female reproductive system, with a very poor prognosis and high mortality rates. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the most common treatments for ovarian cancer, with unsatisfactory results. Exosomes are a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles, which have a diameter of approximately 30-100 nm and are secreted by many different types of cells in various body fluids. Exosomes are highly stable and are effective carriers of immunotherapeutic drugs. Recent studies have shown that exosomes are involved in various cellular responses in the tumor microenvironment, influencing the development and therapeutic efficacy of ovarian cancer, and exhibiting dual roles in inhibiting and promoting tumor development. Exosomes also contain a variety of genes related to ovarian cancer immunotherapy that could be potential biomarkers for ovarian cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Undoubtedly, exosomes have great therapeutic potential in the field of ovarian cancer immunotherapy. However, translation of this idea to the clinic has not occurred. Therefore, it is important to understand how exosomes could be used in ovarian cancer immunotherapy to regulate tumor progression. In this review, we summarize the biomarkers of exosomes in different body fluids related to immunotherapy in ovarian cancer and the potential mechanisms by which exosomes influence immunotherapeutic response. We also discuss the prospects for clinical application of exosome-based immunotherapy in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Chi
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dorothee Franziska Strohmer
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Tobias Teichmann
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynecology and Breast Diseases (Gynecology), Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhijia Xia
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany,*Correspondence: Zhijia Xia, ; Qin Wang,
| | - Qin Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynecology and Breast Diseases (Gynecology), Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,*Correspondence: Zhijia Xia, ; Qin Wang,
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21
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The role of miRNAs from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells-derived extracellular vesicles in neurological disorders. Hum Cell 2023; 36:62-75. [PMID: 36261702 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00813-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with immunomodulatory effects that have been attempted as a possible treatment for neurologic disorders. Since currently available drugs for neurologic disorders are limited, special attention has been paid to MSCs. With the ability to differentiate into neural cells, it has been shown that MSCs exert their effects in a paracrine manner by producing extracellular vesicles (EVs). Extracellular vesicles are small vesicles with a size of 30-1000 nm that are released by cells, such as MSCs, T cells, B cells, etc. EVs contain various molecules, including proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs). In recent years, the administration of EVs in models of neurological disorders has been shown to improve neurological dysfunctions. miRNAs from MSC-EVs as one of the important mediators which regulate various genes and reduce neuropathological change have been identified in different neurological disorders. Here, we review the effects of EVs miRNAs from MSCs on different neurological disorders and their potential applications.
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22
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Galan A, Papaluca A, Nejatie A, Matanes E, Brahimi F, Tong W, Hachim IY, Yasmeen A, Carmona E, Klein KO, Billes S, Dawod AE, Gawande P, Jeter AM, Mes-Masson AM, Greenwood CMT, Gotlieb WH, Saragovi HU. GD2 and GD3 gangliosides as diagnostic biomarkers for all stages and subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1134763. [PMID: 37124505 PMCID: PMC10145910 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1134763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest gynecological cancer, often diagnosed at advanced stages. A fast and accurate diagnostic method for early-stage OC is needed. The tumor marker gangliosides, GD2 and GD3, exhibit properties that make them ideal potential diagnostic biomarkers, but they have never before been quantified in OC. We investigated the diagnostic utility of GD2 and GD3 for diagnosis of all subtypes and stages of OC. Methods This retrospective study evaluated GD2 and GD3 expression in biobanked tissue and serum samples from patients with invasive epithelial OC, healthy donors, non-malignant gynecological conditions, and other cancers. GD2 and GD3 levels were evaluated in tissue samples by immunohistochemistry (n=299) and in two cohorts of serum samples by quantitative ELISA. A discovery cohort (n=379) showed feasibility of GD2 and GD3 quantitative ELISA for diagnosing OC, and a subsequent model cohort (n=200) was used to train and cross-validate a diagnostic model. Results GD2 and GD3 were expressed in tissues of all OC subtypes and FIGO stages but not in surrounding healthy tissue or other controls. In serum, GD2 and GD3 were elevated in patients with OC. A diagnostic model that included serum levels of GD2+GD3+age was superior to the standard of care (CA125, p<0.001) in diagnosing OC and early-stage (I/II) OC. Conclusion GD2 and GD3 expression was associated with high rates of selectivity and specificity for OC. A diagnostic model combining GD2 and GD3 quantification in serum had diagnostic power for all subtypes and all stages of OC, including early stage. Further research exploring the utility of GD2 and GD3 for diagnosis of OC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Galan
- Translational Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Arturo Papaluca
- Translational Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ali Nejatie
- Translational Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emad Matanes
- Translational Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Ob-Gyn, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fouad Brahimi
- Translational Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wenyong Tong
- Translational Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Yaseen Hachim
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amber Yasmeen
- Department of Ob-Gyn, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Euridice Carmona
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kathleen Oros Klein
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, and Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonja Billes
- R&D Department, AOA Dx Inc, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Ahmed E. Dawod
- R&D Department, AOA Dx Inc, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Prasad Gawande
- R&D Department, AOA Dx Inc, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Celia M. T. Greenwood
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, and Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Walter H. Gotlieb
- Translational Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Ob-Gyn, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University and Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - H. Uri Saragovi
- Translational Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Ophthalmology and Vision Science. McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: H. Uri Saragovi,
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23
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Reale A, Khong T, Spencer A. Extracellular Vesicles and Their Roles in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11236892. [PMID: 36498469 PMCID: PMC9737553 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11236892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells actively incorporate molecules (e.g., proteins, lipids, RNA) into particles named extracellular vesicles (EVs). Several groups have demonstrated that EVs can be transferred to target (recipient) cells, making EVs an important means of intercellular communication. Indeed, EVs are able to modulate the functions of target cells by reprogramming signaling pathways. In a cancer context, EVs promote the formation of a supportive tumor microenvironment (TME) and (pre)metastatic niches. Recent studies have revealed that immune cells, tumor cells and their secretome, including EVs, promote changes in the TME and immunosuppressive functions of immune cells (e.g., natural killer, dendritic cells, T and B cells, monocytes, macrophages) that allow tumor cells to establish and propagate. Despite the growing knowledge on EVs and on their roles in cancer and as modulators of the immune response/escape, the translation into clinical practice remains in its early stages, hence requiring improved translational research in the EVs field. Here, we comprehensively review the current knowledge and most recent research on the roles of EVs in tumor immune evasion and immunosuppression in both solid tumors and hematological malignancies. We also highlight the clinical utility of EV-mediated immunosuppression targeting and EV-engineering. Importantly, we discuss the controversial role of EVs in cancer biology, current limitations and future perspectives to further the EV knowledge into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Reale
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University—Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Tiffany Khong
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University—Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University—Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (A.S.)
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24
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Goncalves JP, Deliwala VJ, Kolarich D, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Wolfram J. The cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicle glycocode in immunoevasion. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:864-867. [PMID: 36244891 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles might facilitate immunoevasion. Glycans are known to play a key role in immunomodulation, especially when tethered to biological membranes. However, the extracellular vesicle glycocode in cancer immunoevasion remains a largely unexplored area with promising potential for new putative diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer P Goncalves
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cnr College Rd & Cooper Rd, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Vatsal J Deliwala
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cnr College Rd & Cooper Rd, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Daniel Kolarich
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Parklands Dr Southport, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | | | - Joy Wolfram
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cnr College Rd & Cooper Rd, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Andrew N. Liveris Building, 46 Staff House Rd, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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25
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Onuma T, Asare-Werehene M, Yoshida Y, Tsang BK. Exosomal Plasma Gelsolin Is an Immunosuppressive Mediator in the Ovarian Tumor Microenvironment and a Determinant of Chemoresistance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203305. [PMID: 36291171 PMCID: PMC9600545 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian Cancer (OVCA) is the most fatal gynecologic cancer and has a 5-year survival rate less than 45%. This is mainly due to late diagnosis and drug resistance. Overexpression of plasma gelsolin (pGSN) is key contributing factor to OVCA chemoresistance and immunosuppression. Gelsolin (GSN) is a multifunctional protein that regulates the activity of actin filaments by cleavage, capping, and nucleation. Generally, it plays an important role in cytoskeletal remodeling. GSN has three isoforms: cytosolic GSN, plasma GSN (pGSN), and gelsolin-3. Exosomes containing pGSN are released and contribute to the progression of OVCA. This review describes how pGSN overexpression inhibits chemotherapy-induced apoptosis and triggers positive feedback loops of pGSN expression. It also describes the mechanisms by which exosomal pGSN promotes apoptosis and dysfunction in tumor-killing immune cells. A discussion on the potential of pGSN as a prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic marker is also presented herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimichi Onuma
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine & Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & the Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Meshach Asare-Werehene
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine & Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & the Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Yoshio Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (B.K.T.)
| | - Benjamin K. Tsang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine & Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & the Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (B.K.T.)
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26
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Lam SM, Huang X, Shui G. Neurological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection: lipoproteins and exosomes as Trojan horses. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:554-568. [PMID: 35613979 PMCID: PMC9058057 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily targets lipid-producing cells for viral tropism. In this review, we connect systemic lipid couriers, particularly high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and exosomes, with the neurological facets of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We discuss how SARS-CoV-2 preferentially targets lipid-secreting cells and usurps host cell lipid metabolism for efficient replication and systemic spreading. Besides providing natural veils for viral materials against host immunity, the inherent properties of some of these endogenous lipid particles to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB) also offer alternative routes for SARS-CoV-2 neurotropism. Importantly, virus-driven neurological aberrations mediated by HDLs and exosomes are fueled by lipid rafts, which are implicated in the production and transmigration of these lipid particles across the BBB. Finally, we discuss how repurposing existing drugs targeting lipid rafts and cholesterol homeostasis may be beneficial toward alleviating the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; LipidALL Technologies Company Limited, Changzhou 213022, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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27
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Cammarata G, Barraco N, Giusti I, Gristina V, Dolo V, Taverna S. Extracellular Vesicles-ceRNAs as Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers: Looking into circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Code. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143404. [PMID: 35884464 PMCID: PMC9324482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Patients with ovarian cancer have a very poor chance of long-term survival, usually due to advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles contain noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs, piwiRNAs, circular RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs, with regulatory effects on ovarian cancer. In this review, we focus on ovarian cancer-associated circular RNA shuttled by extracellular vesicles as mediators of cancer progression and novel biomarkers in liquid biopsy. We propose a circular-RNA–microRNA-mRNA code that can reveal the regulatory network created by extracellular vesicles, noncoding RNAs, and mRNAs in ovarian cancer. Future research in this field will help to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers and druggable therapeutic targets, which will ultimately benefit patients. Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies in females worldwide. OC is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage due to a lack of specific symptoms and effective screening tests, resulting in a poor prognosis for patients. Age, genetic alterations, and family history are the major risk factors for OC pathogenesis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying OC progression, identifying new biomarkers for early detection, and discovering potential targets for new drugs are urgent needs. Liquid biopsy (LB), used for cancer detection and management, consists of a minimally invasive approach and practical alternative source to investigate tumor alterations by testing extracellular vesicles (EVs), circulating tumor cells, tumor-educated platelets, and cell-free nucleic acids. EVs are nanosize vesicles shuttling proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, such as DNA, RNA, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), that can induce phenotypic reprogramming of target cells. EVs are natural intercellular shuttles for ncRNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular-RNAs (circRNAs), known to have regulatory effects in OC. Here we focus on the involvement of circRNAs and miRNAs in OC cancer progression. The circRNA-microRNA-mRNA axis has been investigated with Circbank and miRwalk analysis, unraveling the intricate and detailed regulatory network created by EVs, ncRNAs, and mRNAs in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cammarata
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (S.T.)
| | - Nadia Barraco
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.B.); (V.G.)
| | - Ilaria Giusti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.G.); (V.D.)
| | - Valerio Gristina
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.B.); (V.G.)
| | - Vincenza Dolo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.G.); (V.D.)
| | - Simona Taverna
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (S.T.)
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28
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Yang M, Walker SA, Aguilar Díaz de León JS, Davidovich I, Broad K, Talmon Y, Borges CR, Wolfram J. Extracellular vesicle glucose transporter-1 and glycan features in monocyte-endothelial inflammatory interactions. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 42:102515. [PMID: 35074500 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Monocyte-induced endothelial cell inflammation is associated with multiple pathological conditions, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are essential nanosized components of intercellular communication. EVs derived from endotoxin-stimulated monocytes were previously shown to carry pro-inflammatory proteins and RNAs. The role of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) and glycan features in monocyte-derived EV-induced endothelial cell inflammation remains largely unexplored. This study demonstrates that EVs derived from endotoxin-stimulated monocytes activate inflammatory pathways in endothelial cells, which are partially attributed to GLUT-1. Alterations in glycan features and increased levels of GLUT-1 were observed in EVs derived from endotoxin-stimulated monocytes. Notably, inhibition of EV-associated GLUT-1, through the use of fasentin, suppressed EV-induced inflammatory cytokines in recipient endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sierra A Walker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jesús S Aguilar Díaz de León
- School of Molecular Sciences and Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Irina Davidovich
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute (RBNI), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kelly Broad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Yeshayahu Talmon
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute (RBNI), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Chad R Borges
- School of Molecular Sciences and Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Joy Wolfram
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (present affiliation); School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (present affiliation).
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29
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Exosome Carrier Effects; Resistance to Digestion in Phagolysosomes May Assist Transfers to Targeted Cells; II Transfers of miRNAs Are Better Analyzed via Systems Approach as They Do Not Fit Conventional Reductionist Stoichiometric Concepts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116192. [PMID: 35682875 PMCID: PMC9181154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Carrier effects of extracellular vesicles (EV) like exosomes refer to properties of the vesicles that contribute to the transferred biologic effects of their contents to targeted cells. This can pertain to ingested small amounts of xenogeneic plant miRNAs and oral administration of immunosuppressive exosomes. The exosomes contribute carrier effects on transfers of miRNAs by contributing both to the delivery and the subsequent functional intracellular outcomes. This is in contrast to current quantitative canonical rules that dictate just the minimum copies of a miRNA for functional effects, and thus successful transfers, independent of the EV carrier effects. Thus, we argue here that transfers by non-canonical minute quantities of miRNAs must consider the EV carrier effects of functional low levels of exosome transferred miRNA that may not fit conventional reductionist stoichiometric concepts. Accordingly, we have examined traditional stoichiometry vs. systems biology that may be more appropriate for delivered exosome functional responses. Exosome carrier properties discussed include; their required surface activating interactions with targeted cells, potential alternate targets beyond mRNAs, like reaching a threshold, three dimensional aspects of the RNAs, added EV kinetic dynamic aspects making transfers four dimensional, and unique intracellular release from EV that resist intracellular digestion in phagolysosomes. Together these EV carrier considerations might allow systems analysis. This can then result in a more appropriate understanding of transferred exosome carrier-assisted functional transfers. A plea is made that the miRNA expert community, in collaboration with exosome experts, perform new experiments on molecular and quantitative miRNA functional effects in systems that include EVs, like variation in EV type and surface constituents, delivery, dose and time to hopefully create more appropriate and truly current canonical concepts of the consequent miRNA functional transfers by EVs like exosomes.
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30
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Soroczynska K, Zareba L, Dlugolecka M, Czystowska-Kuzmicz M. Immunosuppressive Extracellular Vesicles as a Linking Factor in the Development of Tumor and Endometriotic Lesions in the Gynecologic Tract. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091483. [PMID: 35563789 PMCID: PMC9105295 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Both gynecological tumors and endometriosis require for their development a favorable environment, termed in the case of tumors a "pre-metastatic niche" and in case of endometriosis a "pro-endometriotic niche". This is characterized by chronic inflammation and immunosuppression that support the further progression of initial lesions. This microenvironment is established and shaped in the course of a vivid cross-talk between the tumor or endometrial cells with other stromal, endothelial and immune cells. There is emerging evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in this cellular communication, mediating both in tumors and endometriosis similar immunosuppressive and pro-inflammatory mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the latest findings about EVs as immunosuppressive factors, highlighting the parallels between gynecological tumors and endometriosis. Furthermore, we outline their role as potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers as well as their future in therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Soroczynska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (L.Z.); (M.D.)
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 61 St., 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Zareba
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (L.Z.); (M.D.)
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 61 St., 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Dlugolecka
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (L.Z.); (M.D.)
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 61 St., 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Czystowska-Kuzmicz
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (L.Z.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Q, Ding J, Wang Y, He L, Xue F. Tumor microenvironment manipulates chemoresistance in ovarian cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2022; 47:102. [PMID: 35362546 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of mortality among the various types of gynecological cancer, and >75% of the cases are diagnosed at a late stage. Although platinum‑based chemotherapy is able to help the majority of patients to achieve remission, the disease frequently recurs and acquires chemoresistance, resulting in high mortality rates. The complexity of OC therapy is not solely governed by the intrinsic characteristics of the OC cells (OCCs) themselves, but is also largely dependent on the dynamic communication between OCCs and various components of their surrounding microenvironment. The present review attempts to describe the mutual interplay between OCCs and their surrounding microenvironment. Tumor‑associated macrophages (TAMs) and cancer‑associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant stromal cell types in OC. Soluble factors derived from CAFs steadily nourish both the OCCs and TAMs, facilitating their proliferation and immune evasion. ATP binding cassette transporters facilitate the extrusion of cytotoxic molecules, eventually promoting cell survival and multidrug resistance. Extracellular vesicles fulfill their role as genetic exchange vectors, transferring cargo from the donor cells to the recipient cells and propagating oncogenic signaling. A greater understanding of the vital roles of the tumor microenvironment will allow researchers to be open to the prospect of developing therapeutic approaches for combating OC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jiashan Ding
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yingmei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Linsheng He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Fengxia Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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He X, Guan F, Lei L. Structure and function of glycosphingolipids on small extracellular vesicles. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:197-205. [PMID: 35201531 PMCID: PMC8866925 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-delineated particles secreted by most types of cells under both normal and pathophysiological conditions. EVs are believed to mediate intercellular communication by serving as carriers of different bioactive ingredients, including proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. Glycoconjugates are complex molecules consisting of covalently linked carbohydrate with proteins or lipids. These glycoconjugates play essential roles in the sorting of vesicular protein and the uptake of small extracellular vesicles (30–100 nm, sEVs) into recipient cells. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), one subtype of glycolipids, which are ubiquitous membrane components in almost all living organisms, are also commonly distributed on sEVs. However, the study of functional roles of GSLs on sEVs are far behind than other functional cargos. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of GSLs on sEVs. Initially, we described classification and structure of GSLs. Then, we briefly introduced the essential functions of GSLs, which are able to interact with functional membrane proteins, such as growth factor receptors, integrins and tetraspanins, to modulate cell growth, adhesion and cell motility. In addition, we discussed analytical methods for studying GSLs on sEVs. Finally, we focused on the function of GSLs on sEVs, including regulating the aggregation of extracellular α-synuclein (α-syn) or extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) and influencing tumor cell malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Guan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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Extracellular vesicles in ovarian cancer chemoresistance, metastasis, and immune evasion. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:64. [PMID: 35042862 PMCID: PMC8766448 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chemoresistance and metastasis are the major challenges for the current ovarian cancer treatment. Understanding the mechanisms of ovarian cancer progression and metastasis is critically important for developing novel therapies. The advances in extracellular vesicles (EVs) research in recent years have attracted extensive attention. EVs contain a variety of proteins, RNAs, DNAs, and metabolites. Accumulating evidence indicates that ovarian cancer cells secrete a large amount of EVs, playing an important role in tumor progression and recurrence. In the microenvironment of ovarian tumor, EVs participate in the information transmission between stromal cells and immune cells, promoting the immune escape of ovarian cancer cells and facilitating cancer metastasis. Here, we review the recent advances of EVs in chemoresistance, mechanisms of metastasis, and immune evasion of ovarian cancer. Furthermore, we also discuss the challenges of EV research and future application of EVs as promising biomarker sources in response to therapy and in therapy-delivery approaches for ovarian cancer patients.
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34
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Wang R, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Cui J, Li J, Di L. Emerging prospects of extracellular vesicles for brain disease theranostics. J Control Release 2022; 341:844-868. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kobiela A, Frackowiak JE, Biernacka A, Hovhannisyan L, Bogucka AE, Panek K, Paul AA, Lukomska J, Wang X, Giannoulatou E, Krolicka A, Zielinski J, Deptula M, Pikula M, Gabrielsson S, Ogg GS, Gutowska-Owsiak D. Exposure of Keratinocytes to Candida Albicans in the Context of Atopic Milieu Induces Changes in the Surface Glycosylation Pattern of Small Extracellular Vesicles to Enhance Their Propensity to Interact With Inhibitory Siglec Receptors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:884530. [PMID: 35784319 PMCID: PMC9248261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.884530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection is a potential complication in the individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) and can affect clinical course of the disease. Here, using primary keratinocytes we determined that atopic milieu promotes changes in the interaction of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with dendritic cells and that this is further enhanced by the presence of C. albicans. sEV uptake is largely dependent on the expression of glycans on their surface; modelling of the protein interactions indicated that recognition of this pathogen through C. albicans-relevant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is linked to several glycosylation enzymes which may in turn affect the expression of sEV glycans. Here, significant changes in the surface glycosylation pattern, as determined by lectin array, could be observed in sEVs upon a combined exposure of keratinocytes to AD cytokines and C. albicans. This included enhanced expression of multiple types of glycans, for which several dendritic cell receptors could be proposed as binding partners. Blocking experiments showed predominant involvement of the inhibitory Siglec-7 and -9 receptors in the sEV-cell interaction and the engagement of sialic acid-containing carbohydrate moieties on the surface of sEVs. This pointed on ST6 β-Galactoside α-2,6-Sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) and Core 1 β,3-Galactosyltransferase 1 (C1GALT1) as potential enzymes involved in the process of remodelling of the sEV surface glycans upon C. albicans exposure. Our results suggest that, in combination with atopic dermatitis milieu, C. albicans promotes alterations in the glycosylation pattern of keratinocyte-derived sEVs to interact with inhibitory Siglecs on antigen presenting cells. Hence, a strategy aiming at this pathway to enhance antifungal responses and restrict pathogen spread could offer novel therapeutic options for skin candidiasis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kobiela
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna E Frackowiak
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Biernacka
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lilit Hovhannisyan
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra E Bogucka
- The Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Kinga Panek
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Argho Aninda Paul
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Lukomska
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Xinwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Giannoulatou
- Computational Biology Research Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra Krolicka
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Zielinski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Milena Deptula
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michal Pikula
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Susanne Gabrielsson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graham S Ogg
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Danuta Gutowska-Owsiak
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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van Houtum EJH, Büll C, Cornelissen LAM, Adema GJ. Siglec Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:790317. [PMID: 34966391 PMCID: PMC8710542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.790317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are a family of receptors that recognize sialoglycans - sialic acid containing glycans that are abundantly present on cell membranes. Siglecs are expressed on most immune cells and can modulate their activity and function. The majority of Siglecs contains immune inhibitory motifs comparable to the immune checkpoint receptor PD-1. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), signaling through the Siglec-sialoglycan axis appears to be enhanced through multiple mechanisms favoring tumor immune evasion similar to the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway. Siglec expression on tumor-infiltrating immune cells appears increased in the immune suppressive microenvironment. At the same time, enhanced Siglec ligand expression has been reported for several tumor types as a result of aberrant glycosylation, glycan modifications, and the increased expression of sialoglycans on proteins and lipids. Siglec signaling has been identified as important regulator of anti-tumor immunity in the TME, but the key factors contributing to Siglec activation by tumor-associated sialoglycans are diverse and poorly defined. Among others, Siglec activation and signaling are co-determined by their expression levels, cell surface distribution, and their binding preferences for cis- and trans-ligands in the TME. Siglec binding preference are co-determined by the nature of the proteins/lipids to which the sialoglycans are attached and the multivalency of the interaction. Here, we review the current understanding and emerging conditions and factors involved in Siglec signaling in the TME and identify current knowledge gaps that exist in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline J. H. van Houtum
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Christian Büll
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, Netherlands
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lenneke A. M. Cornelissen
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Gosse J. Adema
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Plasma Exosomes of Patients with Breast and Ovarian Tumors Contain an Inactive 20S Proteasome. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226965. [PMID: 34834058 PMCID: PMC8619627 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are directly involved in governing of physiological and pathological conditions of an organism through the transfer of information from producing to receiving cells. It can be assumed that exosomes are one of the key players of tumor dissemination since they are very stable and small enough to penetrate from various tissues into biological fluids and then back, thus interacting with tissue target cells. We evaluated the enzymatic activity and the level of 20S proteasome in tissue and exosomes of healthy females (n = 39) and patients with ovarian (n = 50) and breast (n = 108) tumors to reveal the critical role of exosomal cargo in the mediation of different types of metastases. Exosomes from plasma and ascites were isolated and characterized in according to International Society for Extracellular Vesicles guidelines. The level of 20S proteasome in tissue and exosomes was determined using Western blot analysis. Chymotrypsin- and caspase-like (ChTL and CL, respectively) peptidase activities of the proteasomes were determined using fluorogenic Suc-LLVY-AMC and Cbz-LLG-AMC substrates, respectively. We observed increased levels of 20S proteasome in ovarian cancer tissue and luminal B subtype breast cancer tissue as well as in plasma exosomes from cancer patients. Moreover, the level of the 20S proteasome in plasma exosomes and ascites exosomes in patients with ovarian tumors is comparable and higher in ovarian cancer patients with low volume ascites than in patients with moderate and high-volume ascites. We also found increased ChTL and CL activities in breast cancer and ovarian cancer tissues, as well as in peritoneal metastases in ovarian cancer, while proteasomal activity in exosomes from plasma of healthy females and all patients, as well as from ascites of ovarian tumor patients were lower than detection limit of assay. Thus, regardless of the type of tumor metastasis (lymphogenous or peritoneal), the exosomes of cancer patients were characterized by an increased level of 20S proteasome, which do not exhibit enzymatic activity.
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Shenoy GN, Bhatta M, Bankert RB. Tumor-Associated Exosomes: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Restoring Anti-Tumor T Cell Responses in Human Tumor Microenvironments. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113155. [PMID: 34831378 PMCID: PMC8619102 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are released by cells and play a variety of physiological roles including regulation of the immune system. Exosomes are heterogeneous and present in vast numbers in tumor microenvironments. A large subset of these vesicles has been demonstrated to be immunosuppressive. In this review, we focus on the suppression of T cell function by exosomes in human tumor microenvironments. We start with a brief introduction to exosomes, with emphasis on their biogenesis, isolation and characterization. Next, we discuss the immunosuppressive effect of exosomes on T cells, reviewing in vitro studies demonstrating the role of different proteins, nucleic acids and lipids known to be associated with exosome-mediated suppression of T cell function. Here, we also discuss initial proof-of-principle studies that established the potential for rescuing T cell function by blocking or targeting exosomes. In the final section, we review different in vivo models that were utilized to study as well as target exosome-mediated immunosuppression, highlighting the Xenomimetic mouse (X-mouse) model and the Omental Tumor Xenograft (OTX) model that were featured in a recent study to evaluate the efficacy of a novel phosphatidylserine-binding molecule for targeting immunosuppressive tumor-associated exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam N. Shenoy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Maulasri Bhatta
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Richard B. Bankert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-716-829-2701
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Pascual-Antón L, Cardeñes B, Sainz de la Cuesta R, González-Cortijo L, López-Cabrera M, Cabañas C, Sandoval P. Mesothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Exosomes in Peritoneal Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111496. [PMID: 34768926 PMCID: PMC8584135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients with ovarian cancer (OvCA) present peritoneal disseminated disease at the time of diagnosis. During peritoneal metastasis, cancer cells detach from the primary tumor and disseminate through the intraperitoneal fluid. The peritoneal mesothelial cell (PMC) monolayer that lines the abdominal cavity is the first barrier encountered by OvCA cells. Subsequent progression of tumors through the peritoneum leads to the accumulation into the peritoneal stroma of a sizeable population of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which is mainly originated from a mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT) process. A common characteristic of OvCA patients is the intraperitoneal accumulation of ascitic fluid, which is composed of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, miRNAs, and proteins contained in exosomes, as well as tumor and mesothelial suspended cells, among other components that vary in proportion between patients. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that have been shown to mediate peritoneal metastasis by educating a pre-metastatic niche, promoting the accumulation of CAFs via MMT, and inducing tumor growth and chemoresistance. This review summarizes and discusses the pivotal role of exosomes and MMT as mediators of OvCA peritoneal colonization and as emerging diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Pascual-Antón
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.P.-A.); (B.C.); (M.L.-C.)
| | - Beatriz Cardeñes
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.P.-A.); (B.C.); (M.L.-C.)
| | | | | | - Manuel López-Cabrera
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.P.-A.); (B.C.); (M.L.-C.)
| | - Carlos Cabañas
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.P.-A.); (B.C.); (M.L.-C.)
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Lymphocyte Immunobiology Group, Inflammatory and Immune Disorders Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (P.S.); Tel.: +34-91-196-4513 (C.C.); +34-91-196-4707 (P.S.)
| | - Pilar Sandoval
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.P.-A.); (B.C.); (M.L.-C.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (P.S.); Tel.: +34-91-196-4513 (C.C.); +34-91-196-4707 (P.S.)
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Bhatta M, Shenoy GN, Loyall JL, Gray BD, Bapardekar M, Conway A, Minderman H, Kelleher RJ, Carreno BM, Linette G, Shultz LD, Odunsi K, Balu-Iyer SV, Pak KY, Bankert RB. Novel phosphatidylserine-binding molecule enhances antitumor T-cell responses by targeting immunosuppressive exosomes in human tumor microenvironments. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-003148. [PMID: 34599030 PMCID: PMC8488709 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and dynamic milieu of diverse acellular and cellular components, creating an immunosuppressive environment, which contributes to tumor progression. We have previously shown that phosphatidylserine (PS) expressed on the surface of exosomes isolated from human TMEs is causally linked to T-cell immunosuppression, representing a potential immunotherapeutic target. In this study, we investigated the effect of ExoBlock, a novel PS-binding molecule, on T-cell responses in the TME. Methods We designed and synthesized a new compound, (ZnDPA)6-DP-15K, a multivalent PS binder named ExoBlock. The PS-binding avidity of ExoBlock was tested using an in vitro competition assay. The ability of this molecule to reverse exosome-mediated immunosuppression in vitro was tested using human T-cell activation assays. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy of ExoBlock was then tested in two different human tumor xenograft models, the melanoma-based xenomimetic (X-)mouse model, and the ovarian tumor-based omental tumor xenograft (OTX) model. Results ExoBlock was able to bind PS with high avidity and was found to consistently and significantly block the immunosuppressive activity of human ovarian tumor and melanoma-associated exosomes in vitro. ExoBlock was also able to significantly enhance T cell-mediated tumor suppression in vivo in both the X-mouse and the OTX model. In the X-mouse model, ExoBlock suppressed tumor recurrence in a T cell-dependent manner. In the OTX model, ExoBlock treatment resulted in an increase in the number as well as function of CD4 and CD8 T cells in the TME, which was associated with a reduction in tumor burden and metastasis, as well as in the number of circulating PS+ exosomes in tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion Our results establish that targeting exosomal PS in TMEs with ExoBlock represents a promising strategy to enhance antitumor T-cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gautam N Shenoy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jenni L Loyall
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Brian D Gray
- Molecular Targeting Technologies Inc, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Meghana Bapardekar
- Flow & Image Cytometry Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Alexis Conway
- Flow & Image Cytometry Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Hans Minderman
- Flow & Image Cytometry Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Raymond J Kelleher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Beatriz M Carreno
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gerald Linette
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Kunle Odunsi
- University of Chicago Biological Sciences Division, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sathy V Balu-Iyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo-The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Koon Yan Pak
- Molecular Targeting Technologies Inc, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Richard B Bankert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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The Role and Clinical Interest of Extracellular Vesicles in Pregnancy and Ovarian Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091257. [PMID: 34572444 PMCID: PMC8464910 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer and pregnancy are two states in which the host immune system is exposed to novel antigens. Indeed, both the tumor and placenta must invade tissues, remodel vasculature to establish a robust blood supply, and evade detection by the immune system. Interestingly, tumor and placenta tissue use similar mechanisms to induce these necessary changes. One mediator is emerging as a key player in invasion, vascular remodeling, and immune evasion: extracellular vesicles (EVs). Many studies have identified EVs as a key mediator of cell-to-cell communication. Specifically, the cargo carried by EVs, which includes proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, can interact with cells to induce changes in the target cell ranging from gene expression to migration and metabolism. EVs can promote cell division and tissue invasion, immunosuppression, and angiogenesis which are essential for both cancer and pregnancy. In this review, we examine the role of EVs in ovarian cancer metastasis, chemoresistance, and immune modulation. We then focus on the role of EVs in pregnancy with special attention on the vascular remodeling and regulation of the maternal immune system. Lastly, we discuss the clinical utility of EVs as markers and therapeutics for ovarian cancer and pre-eclampsia.
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Abstract
The transmission of information between tumor cells and other cell types in the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in tumor metastasis and is critically modulated by exosomes and other mediators. Tumor-derived exosomes can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, immune escape, formation of the pre-metastatic microenvironment, and transmission of drug-resistant molecules, thereby promoting tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Integrins are important regulatory molecules on exosomes that can locate metastatic cells at the initial stage of metastasis and show good organotropism. This fact suggests that a clear understanding of the roles of exosomal integrins will be beneficial for future clinical applications. Follow-up studies on exosomes using continuously updated purification techniques and identification methods are extremely important. In addition to their potential as cancer biomarkers, exosomes also provide new research directions for precision medicine. Currently, exosomes have potential value in disease treatment and provide clinicians with more meaningful judgment standards.
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Massaro C, Min W, Pegtel DM, Baglio SR. Harnessing EV communication to restore antitumor immunity. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113838. [PMID: 34144088 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Restoring effective anti-tumor immune responses to cure cancer is a promising strategy, but challenging to achieve due to the intricate crosstalk between tumor and immune cells. While it is established that tumor cells acquire traits to escape immune recognition, the involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in curbing immune cell activation is rapidly emerging. By assisting cancer cells in spreading immunomodulatory signals in the form of (glyco)proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and metabolic regulators, EVs recently emerged as versatile mediators of immune suppression. Blocking their action might reactivate immune cell function and natural antitumor immune responses. Alternatively, EV communication may be exploited to boost anti-tumor immunity. Indeed, novel insights into EV biology paved the way for efficient ex vivo production of 'rationally engineered' EVs that function as potent antitumor vaccines or carry out specific functional tasks. In this review we discuss the latest findings on immune regulation by cancer EVs and explore how EV-mediated communication can be either targeted or harnessed to restore immunity as a means for cancer therapy.
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Extracellular Vesicle Transmission of Chemoresistance to Ovarian Cancer Cells Is Associated with Hypoxia-Induced Expression of Glycolytic Pathway Proteins, and Prediction of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Disease Recurrence. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143388. [PMID: 34298602 PMCID: PMC8305505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal cancers affecting women worldwide. Its high mortality rate is often attributed to the non-specific nature of early symptoms of the disease. Developing a better understanding of the disease progression and identifying clinically useful biomarkers that aid in clinical management are requisite to reducing the mortality rate of ovarian cancer. Reduced oxygen tension (i.e., hypoxia) is not only a characteristic of solid tumors but may also enhance the metastatic capacity of tumors by inducing the release of tumor growth promoting factors. Recently, it has been proposed that small tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (sEVs) facilitate cancer progression. In this study, we established that sEVs produced under low oxygen tension induce a metabolic switch in ovarian cancer cells associated with changes in glycolytic pathway proteins that promote resistance to carboplatin. Significantly, we identified a suite of sEV-associated glycolysis pathway proteins that are present in patients with ovarian cancer that can predict disease recurrence with over 90% accuracy. Abstract Hypoxia is a key regulator of cancer progression and chemoresistance. Ambiguity remains about how cancer cells adapt to hypoxic microenvironments and transfer oncogenic factors to surrounding cells. In this study, we determined the effects of hypoxia on the bioactivity of sEVs in a panel of ovarian cancer (OvCar) cell lines. The data obtained demonstrate a varying degree of platinum resistance induced in OvCar cells when exposed to low oxygen tension (1% oxygen). Using quantitative mass spectrometry (Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment Ion Mass Spectra, SWATH) and targeted multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), we identified a suite of proteins associated with glycolysis that change under hypoxic conditions in cells and sEVs. Interestingly, we identified a differential response to hypoxia in the OvCar cell lines and their secreted sEVs, highlighting the cells’ heterogeneity. Proteins are involved in metabolic reprogramming such as glycolysis, including putative hexokinase (HK), UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1–6 (UD16), and 6-phosphogluconolactonase (6 PGL), and their presence correlates with the induction of platinum resistance. Furthermore, when normoxic cells were exposed to sEVs from hypoxic cells, platinum-resistance increased significantly (p < 0.05). Altered chemoresistance was associated with changes in glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis. Finally, sEVs isolated from a clinical cohort (n = 31) were also found to be enriched in glycolysis-pathway proteins, especially in patients with recurrent disease. These data support the hypothesis that hypoxia induces changes in sEVs composition and bioactivity that confers carboplatin resistance on target cells. Furthermore, we propose that the expression of sEV-associated glycolysis-pathway proteins is predictive of ovarian cancer recurrence and is of clinical utility in disease management.
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Al-Dossary AA, Tawfik EA, Isichei AC, Sun X, Li J, Alshehri AA, Alomari M, Almughem FA, Aldossary AM, Sabit H, Almalik AM. Engineered EV-Mimetic Nanoparticles as Therapeutic Delivery Vehicles for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123075. [PMID: 34203051 PMCID: PMC8234974 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this review, we begin with the role of natural extracellular vesicles (EVs) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Then, we narrow our focus on the advantages of using EV-mimetic nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle for RNAi therapy and other chemotherapeutics. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges of the clinical translation of engineering EV mimetic drug delivery systems and the promising directions of further development. Abstract High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy among women. Several obstacles impede the early diagnosis and effective treatment options for ovarian cancer (OC) patients, which most importantly include the development of platinum-drug-resistant strains. Currently, extensive efforts are being put into the development of strategies capable of effectively circumventing the physical and biological barriers present in the peritoneal cavity of metastatic OC patients, representing a late stage of gastrointestinal and gynecological cancer with an extremely poor prognosis. Naturally occurring extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to play a pivotal role in progression of OC and are now being harnessed as a delivery vehicle for cancer chemotherapeutics. However, there are limitations to their clinical application due to current challenges in their preparation techniques. Intriguingly, there is a recent drive towards the use of engineered synthetic EVs for the delivery of chemotherapeutics and RNA interference therapy (RNAi), as they show the promise of overcoming the obstacles in the treatment of OC patients. This review discusses the therapeutic application of EVs in OC and elucidates the potential use of engineered EV-mimetic nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle for RNAi therapy and other chemotherapeutics, which would potentially improve clinical outcomes of OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal A. Al-Dossary
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-1-333-31137
| | - Essam A. Tawfik
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.T.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Adaugo C. Isichei
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (X.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiahe Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (X.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Abdullah A. Alshehri
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.T.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Munther Alomari
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad A. Almughem
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.T.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Ahmad M. Aldossary
- National Center of Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hussein Sabit
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulaziz M. Almalik
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.T.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
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46
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Hosseini R, Asef-Kabiri L, Yousefi H, Sarvnaz H, Salehi M, Akbari ME, Eskandari N. The roles of tumor-derived exosomes in altered differentiation, maturation and function of dendritic cells. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:83. [PMID: 34078376 PMCID: PMC8170799 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) have been shown to impede anti-tumor immune responses via their immunosuppressive cargo. Since dendritic cells (DCs) are the key mediators of priming and maintenance of T cell-mediated responses; thus it is logical that the exosomes released by tumor cells can exert a dominant influence on DCs biology. This paper intends to provide a mechanistic insight into the TDEs-mediated DCs abnormalities in the tumor context. More importantly, we discuss extensively how tumor exosomes induce subversion of DCs differentiation, maturation and function in separate sections. We also briefly describe the importance of TDEs at therapeutic level to help guide future treatment options, in particular DC-based vaccination strategy, and review advances in the design and discovery of exosome inhibitors. Understanding the exosomal content and the pathways by which TDEs are responsible for immune evasion may help to revise treatment rationales and devise novel therapeutic approaches to overcome the hurdles in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Asef-Kabiri
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Hamzeh Sarvnaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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47
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Exploring interactions between extracellular vesicles and cells for innovative drug delivery system design. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 173:252-278. [PMID: 33798644 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are submicron cell-secreted structures containing proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. EVs can functionally transfer these cargoes from one cell to another to modulate physiological and pathological processes. Due to their presumed biocompatibility and capacity to circumvent canonical delivery barriers encountered by synthetic drug delivery systems, EVs have attracted considerable interest as drug delivery vehicles. However, it is unclear which mechanisms and molecules orchestrate EV-mediated cargo delivery to recipient cells. Here, we review how EV properties have been exploited to improve the efficacy of small molecule drugs. Furthermore, we explore which EV surface molecules could be directly or indirectly involved in EV-mediated cargo transfer to recipient cells and discuss the cellular reporter systems with which such transfer can be studied. Finally, we elaborate on currently identified cellular processes involved in EV cargo delivery. Through these topics, we provide insights in critical effectors in the EV-cell interface which may be exploited in nature-inspired drug delivery strategies.
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48
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Ingram Z, Madan S, Merchant J, Carter Z, Gordon Z, Carey G, Webb TJ. Targeting Natural Killer T Cells in Solid Malignancies. Cells 2021; 10:1329. [PMID: 34072042 PMCID: PMC8227159 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a unique subset of lymphocytes that recognize lipid antigens in the context of the non-classical class I MHC molecule, CD1d, and serve as a link between the innate and adaptive immune system through their expeditious release of cytokines. Whereas NKT have well-established roles in mitigating a number of human diseases, herein, we focus on their role in cancer. NKT cells have been shown to directly and indirectly mediate anti-tumor immunity and manipulating their effector functions can have therapeutic significances in treatment of cancer. In this review, we highlight several therapeutic strategies that have been used to harness the effector functions of NKT cells to target different types of solid tumors. We also discuss several barriers to the successful utilization of NKT cells and summarize effective strategies being developed to harness the unique strengths of this potent population of T cells. Collectively, studies investigating the therapeutic potential of NKT cells serve not only to advance our understanding of this powerful immune cell subset, but also pave the way for future treatments focused on the modulation of NKT cell responses to enhance cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tonya J. Webb
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (Z.I.); (S.M.); (J.M.); (Z.C.); (Z.G.); (G.C.)
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49
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Macedo-da-Silva J, Santiago VF, Rosa-Fernandes L, Marinho CRF, Palmisano G. Protein glycosylation in extracellular vesicles: Structural characterization and biological functions. Mol Immunol 2021; 135:226-246. [PMID: 33933815 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles involved in intercellular communication, delivery of biomolecules from donor to recipient cells, cellular disposal and homeostasis, potential biomarkers and drug carriers. The content of EVs includes DNA, lipids, metabolites, proteins, and microRNA, which have been studied in various diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, pregnancy, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular disorders. EVs are enriched in glycoconjugates and exhibit specific glycosignatures. Protein glycosylation is a co- and post-translational modification (PTM) that plays an important role in the expression and function of exosomal proteins. N- and O-linked protein glycosylation has been mapped in exosomal proteins. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of glycosylation in EVs proteins. Initially, we describe the main PTMs in EVs with a focus on glycosylation. Then, we explore glycan-binding proteins describing the main findings of studies that investigated the glycosylation of EVs in cancer, pregnancy, infectious diseases, diabetes, mental disorders, and animal fluids. We have highlighted studies that have developed innovative methods for studying the content of EVs. In addition, we present works related to lipid glycosylation. We explored the content of studies deposited in public databases, such as Exocarta and Vesiclepedia. Finally, we discuss analytical methods for structural characterization of glycoconjugates and present an overview of the critical points of the study of glycosylation EVs, as well as perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Macedo-da-Silva
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Verônica F Santiago
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia Rosa-Fernandes
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio R F Marinho
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Palmisano
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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50
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Kume M, Kiyohara E, Matsumura Y, Koguchi-Yoshioka H, Tanemura A, Hanaoka Y, Taminato M, Tashima H, Tomita K, Kubo T, Watanabe R, Fujimoto M. Ganglioside GD3 May Suppress the Functional Activities of Benign Skin T Cells in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:651048. [PMID: 33859643 PMCID: PMC8042233 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.651048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), which arises from skin-tropic memory T cells, malignant T cells and benign T cells are confined in the same skin lesions. It is thus difficult to evaluate the phenotypic characteristics and functional activities of benign T cells in CTCL. Disialoganglioside with three glycosyl groups (GD3) is increasingly expressed on the surface of solid malignant tumor cells and takes part in tumor progression and suppression of tumor immunity. However, the role of GD3 in CTCL is not well-understood. In this study, the malignant and benign T cells in CTCL skin lesions were distinguished by flow cytometry and their phenotypic characteristics were compared with those of T cells from control skin specimens. In CTCL skin lesions, the benign T cells included limited resident memory T cells (TRM), which are sessile in skin and known to exert strong antitumor function. The benign T cells showed diminished Th17 property, and the expression of GD3 was high in the malignant T cells. The expression of GD3 in the malignant T cells inversely correlated with IL-17A production from the benign CD4 T cells. GD3 from the malignant T cells was implied to be involved in suppressing the Th17 activity of the benign T cells independent of the regulation of TRM differentiation in CTCL. Revealing the role of GD3 in inhibiting the production of IL-17A in CTCL would aid the understanding of the suppressive mechanism of the antitumor activity by malignant tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Kume
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Kiyohara
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsumura
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hanako Koguchi-Yoshioka
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Integrative Medicine for Allergic and Immunological Diseases, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanemura
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuma Hanaoka
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mifue Taminato
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Course of Organ Regulation Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tashima
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Course of Organ Regulation Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Tomita
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Course of Organ Regulation Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tateki Kubo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Course of Organ Regulation Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rei Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Integrative Medicine for Allergic and Immunological Diseases, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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