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Kasimanickam R, Kasimanickam V. MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia-A Case-Control In Silico Analysis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3438-3459. [PMID: 38666946 PMCID: PMC11048894 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) occurs in 5% to 7% of all pregnancies, and the PE that results from abnormal placentation acts as a primary cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The objective of this secondary analysis was to elucidate the pathogenesis of PE by probing protein-protein interactions from in silico analysis of transcriptomes between PE and normal placenta from Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE149812). The pathogenesis of PE is apparently determined by associations of miRNA molecules and their target genes and the degree of changes in their expressions with irregularities in the functions of hemostasis, vascular systems, and inflammatory processes at the fetal-maternal interface. These irregularities ultimately lead to impaired placental growth and hypoxic injuries, generally manifesting as placental insufficiency. These differentially expressed miRNAs or genes in placental tissue and/or in blood can serve as novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanathan Kasimanickam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Vanmathy Kasimanickam
- Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
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2
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Benincasa G, Napoli C, DeMeo DL. Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Network Medicine Perspective. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:617-630. [PMID: 38409452 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ability to identify early epigenetic signatures underlying the inheritance of cardiovascular risk, including trans- and intergenerational effects, may help to stratify people before cardiac symptoms occur. METHODS Prospective and retrospective cohorts and case-control studies focusing on DNA methylation and maternal/paternal effects were searched in Pubmed from 1997 to 2023 by using the following keywords: DNA methylation, genomic imprinting, and network analysis in combination with transgenerational/intergenerational effects. RESULTS Maternal and paternal exposures to traditional cardiovascular risk factors during critical temporal windows, including the preconceptional period or early pregnancy, may perturb the plasticity of the epigenome (mainly DNA methylation) of the developing fetus especially at imprinted loci, such as the insulin-like growth factor type 2 (IGF2) gene. Thus, the epigenome is akin to a "molecular archive" able to memorize parental environmental insults and predispose an individual to cardiovascular diseases onset in later life. Direct evidence for human transgenerational epigenetic inheritance (at least three generations) of cardiovascular risk is lacking but it is supported by epidemiological studies. Several blood-based association studies showed potential intergenerational epigenetic effects (single-generation studies) which may mediate the transmittance of cardiovascular risk from parents to offspring. DISCUSSION In this narrative review, we discuss some relevant examples of trans- and intergenerational epigenetic associations with cardiovascular risk. In our perspective, we propose three network-oriented approaches which may help to clarify the unsolved issues regarding transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of cardiovascular risk and provide potential early biomarkers for primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Benincasa
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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3
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Tang Z, Gaskins AJ, Hood RB, Ford JB, Hauser R, Smith AK, Everson TM. Former smoking associated with epigenetic modifications in human granulosa cells among women undergoing assisted reproduction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5009. [PMID: 38424222 PMCID: PMC10904848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54957-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking exposure during adulthood can disrupt oocyte development in women, contributing to infertility and possibly adverse birth outcomes. Some of these effects may be reflected in epigenome profiles in granulosa cells (GCs) in human follicular fluid. We compared the epigenetic modifications throughout the genome in GCs from women who were former (N = 15) versus never smokers (N = 44) undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (ART). This study included 59 women undergoing ART. Smoking history including time since quitting was determined by questionnaire. GCs were collected during oocyte retrieval and DNA methylation (DNAm) levels were profiled using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. We performed an epigenome-wide association study with robust linear models, regressing DNAm level at individual loci on smoking status, adjusting for age, ovarian stimulation protocol, and three surrogate variables. We performed differentially methylated regions (DMRs) analysis and over-representation analysis of the identified CpGs and corresponding gene set. 81 CpGs were differentially methylated among former smokers compared to never smokers (FDR < 0.05). We identified 2 significant DMRs (KCNQ1 and RHBDD2). The former smoking-associated genes were enriched in oxytocin signaling, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, platelet activation, axon guidance, and chemokine signaling pathway. These epigenetic variations have been associated with inflammatory responses, reproductive outcomes, cancer development, neurodevelopmental disorder, and cardiometabolic health. Secondarily, we examined the relationships between time since quitting and DNAm at significant CpGs. We observed three CpGs in negative associations with the length of quitting smoking (p < 0.05), which were cg04254052 (KCNIP1), cg22875371 (OGDHL), and cg27289628 (LOC148145), while one in positive association, which was cg13487862 (PLXNB1). As a pilot study, we demonstrated epigenetic modifications associated with former smoking in GCs. The study is informative to potential biological pathways underlying the documented association between smoking and female infertility and biomarker discovery for smoking-associated reproductive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Tang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Audrey J Gaskins
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Robert B Hood
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer B Ford
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicia K Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd M Everson
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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4
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Karlow JA, Pehrsson EC, Xing X, Watson M, Devarakonda S, Govindan R, Wang T. Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Epigenomes Exhibit Altered DNA Methylation in Smokers and Never-smokers. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 21:991-1013. [PMID: 37742993 PMCID: PMC10928376 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations are widespread in cancer and can complement genetic alterations to influence cancer progression and treatment outcome. To determine the potential contribution of DNAmethylation alterations to tumor phenotype in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in both smoker and never-smoker patients, we performed genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation in 17 primary NSCLC tumors and 10 matched normal lung samples using the complementary assays, methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) and methylation sensitive restriction enzyme sequencing (MRE-seq). We reported recurrent methylation changes in the promoters of several genes, many previously implicated in cancer, including FAM83A and SEPT9 (hypomethylation), as well as PCDH7, NKX2-1, and SOX17 (hypermethylation). Although many methylation changes between tumors and their paired normal samples were shared across patients, several were specific to a particular smoking status. For example, never-smokers displayed a greater proportion of hypomethylated differentially methylated regions (hypoDMRs) and a greater number of recurrently hypomethylated promoters, including those of ASPSCR1, TOP2A, DPP9, and USP39, all previously linked to cancer. Changes outside of promoters were also widespread and often recurrent, particularly methylation loss over repetitive elements, highly enriched for ERV1 subfamilies. Recurrent hypoDMRs were enriched for several transcription factor binding motifs, often for genes involved in signaling and cell proliferation. For example, 71% of recurrent promoter hypoDMRs contained a motif for NKX2-1. Finally, the majority of DMRs were located within an active chromatin state in tissues profiled using the Roadmap Epigenomics data, suggesting that methylation changes may contribute to altered regulatory programs through the adaptation of cell type-specific expression programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Karlow
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Erica C Pehrsson
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Xing
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mark Watson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Siddhartha Devarakonda
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Govindan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
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Romero-Tapia SDJ, Becerril-Negrete JR, Castro-Rodriguez JA, Del-Río-Navarro BE. Early Prediction of Asthma. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5404. [PMID: 37629446 PMCID: PMC10455492 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical manifestations of asthma in children are highly variable, are associated with different molecular and cellular mechanisms, and are characterized by common symptoms that may diversify in frequency and intensity throughout life. It is a disease that generally begins in the first five years of life, and it is essential to promptly identify patients at high risk of developing asthma by using different prediction models. The aim of this review regarding the early prediction of asthma is to summarize predictive factors for the course of asthma, including lung function, allergic comorbidity, and relevant data from the patient's medical history, among other factors. This review also highlights the epigenetic factors that are involved, such as DNA methylation and asthma risk, microRNA expression, and histone modification. The different tools that have been developed in recent years for use in asthma prediction, including machine learning approaches, are presented and compared. In this review, emphasis is placed on molecular mechanisms and biomarkers that can be used as predictors of asthma in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio de Jesus Romero-Tapia
- Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - José Raúl Becerril-Negrete
- Department of Clinical Immunopathology, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico;
| | - Jose A. Castro-Rodriguez
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile;
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Powell WT, Reeves SR. From small to big, using microRNA profiling to investigate infant origins of childhood asthma. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2301052. [PMID: 37536728 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01052-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weston T Powell
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Respiratory Biology and Therapeutics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen R Reeves
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Respiratory Biology and Therapeutics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
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7
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Jumentier B, Barrot CC, Estavoyer M, Tost J, Heude B, François O, Lepeule J. High-Dimensional Mediation Analysis: A New Method Applied to Maternal Smoking, Placental DNA Methylation, and Birth Outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:47011. [PMID: 37058433 PMCID: PMC10104171 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-dimensional mediation analysis is an extension of unidimensional mediation analysis that includes multiple mediators, and increasingly it is being used to evaluate the indirect omics-layer effects of environmental exposures on health outcomes. Analyses involving high-dimensional mediators raise several statistical issues. Although many methods have recently been developed, no consensus has been reached about the optimal combination of approaches to high-dimensional mediation analyses. OBJECTIVES We developed and validated a method for high-dimensional mediation analysis (HDMAX2) and applied it to evaluate the causal role of placental DNA methylation in the pathway between exposure to maternal smoking (MS) during pregnancy and gestational age (GA) and birth weight of the baby at birth. METHODS HDMAX2 combines latent factor regression models for epigenome-wide association studies with max2 tests for mediation and considers CpGs and aggregated mediator regions (AMRs). HDMAX2 was carefully evaluated using simulated data and compared to state-of-the-art multidimensional epigenetic mediation methods. Then, HDMAX2 was applied to data from 470 women of the Etude des Déterminants pré et postnatals du développement de la santé de l'Enfant (EDEN) cohort. RESULTS HDMAX2 demonstrated increased power in comparison with state-of-the-art multidimensional mediation methods and identified several AMRs not identified in previous mediation analyses of exposure to MS on birth weight and GA. The results provided evidence for a polygenic architecture of the mediation pathway with a posterior estimate of the overall indirect effect of CpGs and AMRs equal to 44.5g lower birth weight representing 32.1% of the total effect [standard deviation (SD)=60.7g]. HDMAX2 also identified AMRs having simultaneous effects both on GA and on birth weight. Among the top hits of both GA and birth weight analyses, regions located in COASY, BLCAP, and ESRP2 also mediated the relationship between GA and birth weight, suggesting reverse causality in the relationship between GA and the methylome. DISCUSSION HDMAX2 outperformed existing approaches and revealed an unsuspected complexity of the potential causal relationships between exposure to MS and birth weight at the epigenome-wide level. HDMAX2 is applicable to a wide range of tissues and omic layers. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11559.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Jumentier
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, TIMC CNRS UMR 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire-Cécile Barrot
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, TIMC CNRS UMR 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Maxime Estavoyer
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, TIMC CNRS UMR 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Jorg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Genomique Humaine, CEA – Institut de Biologie François Jacob, University Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité et Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et StatistiqueS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France
| | - Olivier François
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, TIMC CNRS UMR 5525, Grenoble, France
- Inria Grenoble – Rhône-Alpes Inovallée, Montbonnot, France
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
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8
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Kurihara C, Kuniyoshi KM, Rehan VK. Preterm Birth, Developmental Smoke/Nicotine Exposure, and Life-Long Pulmonary Sequelae. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10040608. [PMID: 37189857 DOI: 10.3390/children10040608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This review delineates the main pulmonary issues related to preterm birth, perinatal tobacco/nicotine exposure, and its effects on offspring, focusing on respiratory health and its possible transmission to subsequent generations. We review the extent of the problem of preterm birth, prematurity-related pulmonary effects, and the associated increased risk of asthma later in life. We then review the impact of developmental tobacco/nicotine exposure on offspring asthma and the significance of transgenerational pulmonary effects following perinatal tobacco/nicotine exposure, possibly via its effects on germline epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Kurihara
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Katherine M Kuniyoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Virender K Rehan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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9
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Colwell ML, Townsel C, Petroff RL, Goodrich JM, Dolinoy DC. Epigenetics and the Exposome: DNA Methylation as a Proxy for Health Impacts of Prenatal Environmental Exposures. EXPOSOME 2023; 3:osad001. [PMID: 37333730 PMCID: PMC10275510 DOI: 10.1093/exposome/osad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of every day exposures can impact health across the life course, but our understanding of such exposures is impeded by our ability to delineate the relationship between an individual's early life exposome and later life health effects. Measuring the exposome is challenging. Exposure assessed at a given time point captures a snapshot of the exposome but does not represent the full spectrum of exposures across the life course. In addition, the assessment of early life exposures and their effects is often further challenged by lack of relevant samples and the time gap between exposures and related health outcomes in later life. Epigenetics, specifically DNA methylation, has the potential to overcome these barriers as environmental epigenetic perturbances can be retained through time. In this review, we describe how DNA methylation can be framed in the world of the exposome. We offer three compelling examples of common environmental exposures, including cigarette smoke, the endocrine active compound bisphenol A (BPA), and the metal lead (Pb), to illustrate the application of DNA methylation as a proxy to measure the exposome. We discuss areas for future explorations and current limitations of this approach. Epigenetic profiling is a promising and rapidly developing tool and field of study, offering us a unique and powerful way to assess the early life exposome and its effects across different life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathia L. Colwell
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Courtney Townsel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rebekah L. Petroff
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jaclyn M. Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dana C. Dolinoy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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10
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Cahill KM, Johnson TK, Perveen Z, Schexnayder M, Xiao R, Heffernan LM, Langohr IM, Paulsen DB, Penn AL, Noël A. In utero exposures to mint-flavored JUUL aerosol impair lung development and aggravate house dust mite-induced asthma in adult offspring mice. Toxicology 2022; 477:153272. [PMID: 35878681 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
There are few reports concerning electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use during pregnancy and no studies on asthma in prenatally JUUL-exposed offspring. Here, we tested the hypothesis that in utero JUUL exposure causes unfavorable birth outcomes and lasting pulmonary health effects in adult offspring. BALB/c dams were exposed to either air or mint-flavored JUUL aerosol, 1-hr/d, 20 consecutive days during gestation. Offspring were sacrificed on post-natal day (PND) 0 or at 11-week of age, following house dust mite (HDM) challenge. Gene expression was assessed in the uterine/placental tissue of the dams and lung responses were assessed in offspring at PND0 and at 11 weeks of age. JUUL-exposed offspring exhibited decreased body weights and lengths at PND0. These birth outcomes were accompanied by dysregulation of 54 genes associated with hypoxia and oxidative stress in the uterine/placental tissues of JUUL-exposed dams, as well as 24 genes in the lungs of the offspring related to Wnt signaling, plus 9 genes related to epigenetics, and 7 genes related to inflammation. At 11 weeks of age, JUUL + HDM exposed mice exhibited pulmonary inflammation when compared to their respective air + HDM controls. Additionally, the JUUL + HDM exposure dysregulated several genes associated with allergies and asthma. Further, the JUUL + HDM females showed decreased methylation of the promoter region of the Il10ra gene. Taken together, our mouse model shows that inhalation of JUUL aerosols during pregnancy affects the intrauterine environment, impairs lung development, and heightens the effects of allergic airway responses later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerin M Cahill
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Trenton K Johnson
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Zakia Perveen
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Matthew Schexnayder
- Lincoln Memorial University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 6965 Cumberland Gap Parkway, Harrogate, TN, USA
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Linda M Heffernan
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Ingeborg M Langohr
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Daniel B Paulsen
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Arthur L Penn
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Alexandra Noël
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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11
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Liu J, Jia J, Wang S, Zhang J, Xian S, Zheng Z, Deng L, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Prognostic Ability of Enhancer RNAs in Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134108. [PMID: 35807355 PMCID: PMC9268450 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common lung cancer. Enhancer RNA (eRNA) has potential utility in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancer, but the role of eRNAs in NSCLC metastasis is not clear; (2) Methods: Differentially expressed transcription factors (DETFs), enhancer RNAs (DEEs), and target genes (DETGs) between primary NSCLC and metastatic NSCLC were identified. Prognostic DEEs (PDEEs) were screened by Cox regression analyses and a predicting model for metastatic NSCLC was constructed. We identified DEE interactions with DETFs, DETGs, reverse phase protein arrays (RPPA) protein chips, immunocytes, and pathways to construct a regulation network using Pearson correlation. Finally, the mechanisms and clinical significance were explained using multi-dimensional validation unambiguously; (3) Results: A total of 255 DEEs were identified, and 24 PDEEs were selected into the multivariate Cox regression model (AUC = 0.699). Additionally, the NSCLC metastasis-specific regulation network was constructed, and six key PDEEs were defined (ANXA8L1, CASTOR2, CYP4B1, GTF2H2C, PSMF1 and TNS4); (4) Conclusions: This study focused on the exploration of the prognostic value of eRNAs in the metastasis of NSCLC. Finally, six eRNAs were identified as potential markers for the prediction of metastasis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; (J.L.); (J.J.)
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.); (S.X.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jingyi Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; (J.L.); (J.J.)
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.); (S.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases (Tuberculosis), Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Siqiao Wang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.); (S.X.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Junfang Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.); (S.X.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Shuyuan Xian
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.); (S.X.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zixuan Zheng
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.); (S.X.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Lin Deng
- Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Yonghong Feng
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.); (S.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases (Tuberculosis), Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; (J.L.); (J.J.)
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.); (S.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.)
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12
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Sharma S, Yang IV, Schwartz DA. Epigenetic regulation of immune function in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:259-265. [PMID: 35717251 PMCID: PMC9378596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a common complex respiratory disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and partially reversible airflow obstruction resulting from genetic and environmental determinants. Because epigenetic marks influence gene expression and can be modified by both environmental exposures and genetic variation, they are increasingly recognized as relevant to the pathogenesis of asthma and may be a key link between environmental exposures and asthma susceptibility. Unlike changes to DNA sequence, epigenetic signatures are dynamic and reversible, creating an opportunity for not only therapeutic targets but may serve as biomarkers to follow disease course and identify molecular subtypes in heterogeneous diseases such as asthma. In this review, we will examine the relationship between asthma and 3 key epigenetic processes that modify gene expression: DNA methylation, modification of histone tails, and noncoding RNAs. In addition to presenting a comprehensive assessment of the existing epigenetic studies focusing on immune regulation in asthma, we will discuss future directions for epigenetic investigation in allergic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Sharma
- Divisions of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo.
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Divisions of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo; Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo
| | - David A Schwartz
- Divisions of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo
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13
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Cosin-Tomas M, Cilleros-Portet A, Aguilar-Lacasaña S, Fernandez-Jimenez N, Bustamante M. Prenatal Maternal Smoke, DNA Methylation, and Multi-omics of Tissues and Child Health. Curr Environ Health Rep 2022; 9:502-512. [PMID: 35670920 PMCID: PMC9363403 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-022-00361-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy is of public health concern, and understanding the biological mechanisms can help to promote smoking cessation campaigns. This non-systematic review focuses on the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on offspring's epigenome, consistent in chemical modifications of the genome that regulate gene expression. RECENT FINDINGS Recent meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies have shown that maternal smoking during pregnancy is consistently associated with offspring's DNA methylation changes, both in the placenta and blood. These studies indicate that effects on blood DNA methylation can persist for years, and that the longer the duration of the exposure and the higher the dose, the larger the effects. Hence, DNA methylation scores have been developed to estimate past exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy as biomarkers. There is robust evidence for DNA methylation alterations associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy; however, the role of sex, ethnicity, and genetic background needs further exploration. Moreover, there are no conclusive studies about exposure to low doses or during the preconception period. Similarly, studies on tissues other than the placenta and blood are scarce, and cell-type specificity within tissues needs further investigation. In addition, biological interpretation of DNA methylation findings requires multi-omics data, poorly available in epidemiological settings. Finally, although several mediation analyses link DNA methylation changes with health outcomes, they do not allow causal inference. For this, a combination of data from multiple study designs will be essential in the future to better address this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cosin-Tomas
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ariadna Cilleros-Portet
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Sofía Aguilar-Lacasaña
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nora Fernandez-Jimenez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Cahill KM, Gartia MR, Sahu S, Bergeron SR, Heffernan LM, Paulsen DB, Penn AL, Noël A. In utero exposure to electronic-cigarette aerosols decreases lung fibrillar collagen content, increases Newtonian resistance and induces sex-specific molecular signatures in neonatal mice. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:205-224. [PMID: 35415078 PMCID: PMC8960495 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-021-00103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 7% of pregnant women in the United States use electronic-cigarette (e-cig) devices during pregnancy. There is, however, no scientific evidence to support e-cig use as being 'safe' during pregnancy. Little is known about the effects of fetal exposures to e-cig aerosols on lung alveologenesis. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that in utero exposure to e-cig aerosol impairs lung alveologenesis and pulmonary function in neonates. Pregnant BALB/c mice were exposed 2 h a day for 20 consecutive days during gestation to either filtered air or cinnamon-flavored e-cig aerosol (36 mg/mL of nicotine). Lung tissue was collected in offspring during lung alveologenesis on postnatal day (PND) 5 and PND11. Lung function was measured at PND11. Exposure to e-cig aerosol in utero led to a significant decrease in body weights at birth which was sustained through PND5. At PND5, in utero e-cig exposures dysregulated genes related to Wnt signaling and epigenetic modifications in both females (~ 120 genes) and males (40 genes). These alterations were accompanied by reduced lung fibrillar collagen content at PND5-a time point when collagen content is close to its peak to support alveoli formation. In utero exposure to e-cig aerosol also increased the Newtonian resistance of offspring at PND11, suggesting a narrowing of the conducting airways. At PND11, in females, transcriptomic dysregulation associated with epigenetic alterations was sustained (17 genes), while WNT signaling dysregulation was largely resolved (10 genes). In males, at PND11, the expression of only 4 genes associated with epigenetics was dysregulated, while 16 Wnt related-genes were altered. These data demonstrate that in utero exposures to cinnamon-flavored e-cig aerosols alter lung structure and function and induce sex-specific molecular signatures during lung alveologenesis in neonatal mice. This may reflect epigenetic programming affecting lung disease development later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerin M. Cahill
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr., Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - Manas R. Gartia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - Sushant Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA
| | - Sarah R. Bergeron
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr., Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - Linda M. Heffernan
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr., Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - Daniel B. Paulsen
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - Arthur L. Penn
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr., Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - Alexandra Noël
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr., Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
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15
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Rosenfeld CS. Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:723656. [PMID: 34631709 PMCID: PMC8497882 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.723656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The conceptus is most vulnerable to developmental perturbation during its early stages when the events that create functional organ systems are being launched. As the placenta is in direct contact with maternal tissues, it readily encounters any xenobiotics in her bloodstream. Besides serving as a conduit for solutes and waste, the placenta possesses a tightly regulated endocrine system that is, of itself, vulnerable to pharmaceutical agents, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and other environmental toxicants. To determine whether extrinsic factors affect placental function, transcriptomics and other omics approaches have become more widely used. In casting a wide net with such approaches, they have provided mechanistic insights into placental physiological and pathological responses and how placental responses may impact the fetus, especially the developing brain through the placenta-brain axis. This review will discuss how such omics technologies have been utilized to understand effects of EDCs, including the widely prevalent plasticizers bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and phthalates, other environmental toxicants, pharmaceutical agents, maternal smoking, and air pollution on placental gene expression, DNA methylation, and metabolomic profiles. It is also increasingly becoming clear that miRNA (miR) are important epigenetic regulators of placental function. Thus, the evidence to date that xenobiotics affect placental miR expression patterns will also be explored. Such omics approaches with mouse and human placenta will assuredly provide key biomarkers that may be used as barometers of exposure and can be targeted by early mitigation approaches to prevent later diseases, in particular neurobehavioral disorders, originating due to placental dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl S Rosenfeld
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Thompson Center for Autism and Neurobehavioral Disorders, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Genetics Area Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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16
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Role of Epigenetics in the Pathogenesis, Treatment, Prediction, and Cellular Transformation of Asthma. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:9412929. [PMID: 34566492 PMCID: PMC8457970 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9412929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a mysterious disease with heterogeneity in etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical phenotypes. Although ongoing studies have provided a better understanding of asthma, its natural history, progression, pathogenesis, diversified phenotypes, and even the exact epigenetic linkage between childhood asthma and adult-onset/old age asthma remain elusive in many aspects. Asthma heritability has been established through genetic studies, but genetics is not the only influencing factor in asthma. The increasing incidence and some unsolved queries suggest that there may be other elements related to asthma heredity. Epigenetic mechanisms link genetic and environmental factors with developmental trajectories in asthma. This review provides an overview of asthma epigenetics and its components, including several epigenetic studies on asthma, and discusses the epigenetic linkage between childhood asthma and adult-onset/old age asthma. Studies involving asthma epigenetics present valuable novel approaches to solve issues related to asthma. Asthma epigenetic research guides us towards gene therapy and personalized T cell therapy, directs the discovery of new therapeutic agents, predicts long-term outcomes in severe cases, and is also involved in the cellular transformation of childhood asthma to adult-onset/old age asthma.
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17
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Shorey-Kendrick LE, McEvoy CT, O'Sullivan SM, Milner K, Vuylsteke B, Tepper RS, Haas DM, Park B, Gao L, Vu A, Morris CD, Spindel ER. Impact of vitamin C supplementation on placental DNA methylation changes related to maternal smoking: association with gene expression and respiratory outcomes. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:177. [PMID: 34538263 PMCID: PMC8451157 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) affects development of multiple organ systems including the placenta, lung, brain, and vasculature. In particular, children exposed to MSDP show lifelong deficits in pulmonary function and increased risk of asthma and wheeze. Our laboratory has previously shown that vitamin C supplementation during pregnancy prevents some of the adverse effects of MSDP on offspring respiratory outcomes. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation (DNAm), are a likely link between in utero exposures and adverse health outcomes, and MSDP has previously been associated with DNAm changes in blood, placenta, and buccal epithelium. Analysis of placental DNAm may reveal critical targets of MSDP and vitamin C relevant to respiratory health outcomes. RESULTS DNAm was measured in placentas obtained from 72 smokers enrolled in the VCSIP RCT: NCT03203603 (37 supplemented with vitamin C, 35 with placebo) and 24 never-smokers for reference. Methylation at one CpG, cg20790161, reached Bonferroni significance and was hypomethylated in vitamin C supplemented smokers versus placebo. Analysis of spatially related CpGs identified 93 candidate differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between treatment groups, including loci known to be associated with lung function, oxidative stress, fetal development and growth, and angiogenesis. Overlap of nominally significant differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) in never-smokers versus placebo with nominally significant DMCs in vitamin C versus placebo identified 9059 candidate "restored CpGs" for association with placental transcript expression and respiratory outcomes. Methylation at 274 restored candidate CpG sites was associated with expression of 259 genes (FDR < 0.05). We further identified candidate CpGs associated with infant lung function (34 CpGs) and composite wheeze (1 CpG) at 12 months of age (FDR < 0.05). Increased methylation in the DIP2C, APOH/PRKCA, and additional candidate gene regions was associated with improved lung function and decreased wheeze in offspring of vitamin C-treated smokers. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin C supplementation to pregnant smokers ameliorates changes associated with maternal smoking in placental DNA methylation and gene expression in pathways potentially linked to improved placental function and offspring respiratory health. Further work is necessary to validate candidate loci and elucidate the causal pathway between placental methylation changes and outcomes of offspring exposed to MSDP. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01723696. Registered November 6, 2012. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT01723696 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsey E Shorey-Kendrick
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 505 NW 185th Ave, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.
| | - Cindy T McEvoy
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Shannon M O'Sullivan
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 505 NW 185th Ave, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Kristin Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Brittany Vuylsteke
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Robert S Tepper
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David M Haas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Byung Park
- Biostatistics Shared Resources, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lina Gao
- Biostatistics Shared Resources, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Annette Vu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Cynthia D Morris
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health and Science, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Eliot R Spindel
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 505 NW 185th Ave, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
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18
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Everson TM, Vives-Usano M, Seyve E, Cardenas A, Lacasaña M, Craig JM, Lesseur C, Baker ER, Fernandez-Jimenez N, Heude B, Perron P, Gónzalez-Alzaga B, Halliday J, Deyssenroth MA, Karagas MR, Íñiguez C, Bouchard L, Carmona-Sáez P, Loke YJ, Hao K, Belmonte T, Charles MA, Martorell-Marugán J, Muggli E, Chen J, Fernández MF, Tost J, Gómez-Martín A, London SJ, Sunyer J, Marsit CJ, Lepeule J, Hivert MF, Bustamante M. Placental DNA methylation signatures of maternal smoking during pregnancy and potential impacts on fetal growth. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5095. [PMID: 34429407 PMCID: PMC8384884 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) contributes to poor birth outcomes, in part through disrupted placental functions, which may be reflected in the placental epigenome. Here we present a meta-analysis of the associations between MSDP and placental DNA methylation (DNAm) and between DNAm and birth outcomes within the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) consortium (N = 1700, 344 with MSDP). We identify 443 CpGs that are associated with MSDP, of which 142 associated with birth outcomes, 40 associated with gene expression, and 13 CpGs are associated with all three. Only two CpGs have consistent associations from a prior meta-analysis of cord blood DNAm, demonstrating substantial tissue-specific responses to MSDP. The placental MSDP-associated CpGs are enriched for environmental response genes, growth-factor signaling, and inflammation, which play important roles in placental function. We demonstrate links between placental DNAm, MSDP and poor birth outcomes, which may better inform the mechanisms through which MSDP impacts placental function and fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Everson
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Marta Vives-Usano
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emie Seyve
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, Grenoble, France
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Marina Lacasaña
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosantaria (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Jeffrey M Craig
- Epigenetics Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily R Baker
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Nora Fernandez-Jimenez
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRAE, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Perron
- Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Beatriz Gónzalez-Alzaga
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosantaria (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Jane Halliday
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Reproductive Epidemiology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Maya A Deyssenroth
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Carmen Íñiguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Statistics and Computational Research, Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Luigi Bouchard
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Pedro Carmona-Sáez
- Bioinformatics Unit, GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Yuk J Loke
- Epigenetics Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Jordi Martorell-Marugán
- Bioinformatics Unit, GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
- Atrys Health S.A., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Evelyne Muggli
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Reproductive Epidemiology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosantaria (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM) and School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jorg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA - Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France
| | - Antonio Gómez-Martín
- Genomics Unit, GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - Stephanie J London
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public health at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, IAB, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.
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19
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Koo HK, Morrow J, Kachroo P, Tantisira K, Weiss ST, Hersh CP, Silverman EK, DeMeo DL. Sex-specific associations with DNA methylation in lung tissue demonstrate smoking interactions. Epigenetics 2021; 16:692-703. [PMID: 32962511 PMCID: PMC8143227 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1819662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking impacts DNA methylation, but the investigation of sex-specific features of lung tissue DNA methylation in smokers has been limited. Women appear more susceptible to cigarette smoke, and often develop more severe lung disease at an earlier age with less smoke exposure. We aimed to analyse whether there are sex differences in DNA methylation in lung tissue and whether these DNA methylation marks interact with smoking. We collected lung tissue samples from former smokers who underwent lung tissue resection. One hundred thirty samples from white subjects were included for this analysis. Regression models for sex as a predictor of methylation were adjusted for age, presence of COPD, smoking variables and technical batch variables revealed 710 associated sites. 294 sites demonstrated robust sex-specific methylation associations in foetal lung tissue. Pathway analysis identified 6 nominally significant pathways including the mitophagy pathway. Three CpG sites demonstrated a suggested interaction between sex and pack-years of smoking: GPR132, ANKRD44 and C19orf60. All of them were nominally significant in both male- and female-specific models, and the effect estimates were in opposite directions for male and female; GPR132 demonstrated significant association between DNA methylation and gene expression in lung tissue (P < 0.05). Sex-specific associations with DNA methylation in lung tissue are wide-spread and may reveal genes and pathways relevant to sex differences for lung damaging effects of cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Kyoung Koo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Ilsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jarrett Morrow
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Priyadarshini Kachroo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelan Tantisira
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Craig P Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Epigenetic Alterations of Maternal Tobacco Smoking during Pregnancy: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105083. [PMID: 34064931 PMCID: PMC8151244 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In utero exposure to maternal tobacco smoking is the leading cause of birth complications in addition to being associated with later impairment in child’s development. Epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation (DNAm), miRNAs expression, and histone modifications, belong to possible underlying mechanisms linking maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes and later child’s development. The aims of this review were to provide an update on (1) the main results of epidemiological studies on the impact of in utero exposure to maternal tobacco smoking on epigenetic mechanisms, and (2) the technical issues and methods used in such studies. In contrast with miRNA and histone modifications, DNAm has been the most extensively studied epigenetic mechanism with regard to in utero exposure to maternal tobacco smoking. Most studies relied on cord blood and children’s blood, but placenta is increasingly recognized as a powerful tool, especially for markers of pregnancy exposures. Some recent studies suggest reversibility in DNAm in certain genomic regions as well as memory of smoking exposure in DNAm in other regions, upon smoking cessation before or during pregnancy. Furthermore, reversibility could be more pronounced in miRNA expression compared to DNAm. Increasing evidence based on longitudinal data shows that maternal smoking-associated DNAm changes persist during childhood. In this review, we also discuss some issues related to cell heterogeneity as well as downstream statistical analyses used to relate maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy and epigenetics. The epigenetic effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy have been among the most widely investigated in the epigenetic epidemiology field. However, there are still huge gaps to fill in, including on the impact on miRNA expression and histone modifications to get a better view of the whole epigenetic machinery. The consistency of maternal tobacco smoking effects across epigenetic marks and across tissues will also provide crucial information for future studies. Advancement in bioinformatic and biostatistics approaches is key to develop a comprehensive analysis of these biological systems.
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21
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DNA methylation perturbations may link altered development and aging in the lung. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:1742-1764. [PMID: 33468710 PMCID: PMC7880367 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fetal perturbations in DNA methylation during lung development may reveal insights into the enduring impacts on adult lung health and disease during aging that have not been explored altogether before. We studied the association between genome-wide DNA-methylation and post-conception age in fetal-lung (n=78, 42 exposed to in-utero-smoke (IUS)) tissue and chronological age in adult-lung tissue (n=160, 114 with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) using multi-variate linear regression models with covariate adjustment and tested for effect modification by phenotypes. Overlapping age-associations were evaluated for functional and tissue-specific enrichment using the Genotype-Tissue-Expression (GTEx) project. We identified 244 age-associated differentially methylated positions and 878 regions overlapping between fetal and adult-lung tissues. Hyper-methylated CpGs (96%) were enriched in transcription factor activity (FDR adjusted P=2x10-33) and implicated in developmental processes including embryonic organ morphogenesis, neurogenesis and growth delay. Hypo-methylated CpGs (2%) were enriched in oxido-reductase activity and VEGFA-VEGFR2 Signaling. Twenty-one age-by-sex and eleven age-by-pack-years interactions were statistically significant (FDR<0.05) in adult-lung tissue. DNA methylation in transcription factors during development in fetal lung recapitulates in adult-lung tissue with aging. These findings reveal molecular mechanisms and pathways that may link disrupted development in early-life and age-associated lung diseases.
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22
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Lkhagvadorj K, Meyer KF, Verweij LP, Kooistra W, Reinders-Luinge M, Dijkhuizen HW, de Graaf IAM, Plösch T, Hylkema MN. Prenatal smoke exposure induces persistent Cyp2a5 methylation and increases nicotine metabolism in the liver of neonatal and adult male offspring. Epigenetics 2020; 15:1370-1385. [PMID: 32573327 PMCID: PMC7678918 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1782655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal smoke exposure (PSE) is a risk factor for nicotine dependence. One susceptibility gene for nicotine dependence is Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2A6, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of nicotine to cotinine and nicotine clearance in the liver. Higher activity of the CYP2A6 enzyme is associated with nicotine dependence, but no research has addressed the PSE effects on the CYP2A6 gene or its mouse homologue Cyp2a5. We hypothesized that PSE affects Cyp2a5 promoter methylation, Cyp2a5 mRNA levels, and nicotine metabolism in offspring. We used a smoke-exposed pregnant mouse model. RNA, DNA, and microsomal protein were isolated from liver tissue of foetal, neonatal, and adult offspring. Enzyme activity, Cyp2a5 mRNA levels, and Cyp2a5 methylation status of six CpG sites within the promoter region were analysed via HPLC, RT-PCR, and bisulphite pyrosequencing. Our data show that PSE induced higher cotinine levels in livers of male neonatal and adult offspring compared to controls. PSE-induced cotinine levels in neonates correlated with Cyp2a5 mRNA expression and promoter methylation at CpG-7 and CpG+45. PSE increased methylation in almost all CpG sites in foetal offspring, and this effect persisted at CpG-74 in male neonatal and adult offspring. Our results indicate that male offspring of mothers which were exposed to cigarette smoke during pregnancy have a higher hepatic nicotine metabolism, which could be regulated by DNA methylation. Given the detected persistence into adulthood, extrapolation to the human situation suggests that sons born from smoking mothers could be more susceptible to nicotine dependence later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khosbayar Lkhagvadorj
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonology and Allergology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Karolin F. Meyer
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura P. Verweij
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wierd Kooistra
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan Reinders-Luinge
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk W. Dijkhuizen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge A. M. de Graaf
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology, and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Torsten Plösch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Machteld N. Hylkema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Chapman KB, Higgs BW. Selective amplification of hypermethylated DNA from diverse tumor types via MSRE-PCR. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4387-4400. [PMID: 33315971 PMCID: PMC7720775 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation biomarkers are increasingly utilized for the detection, prognosis and monitoring of cancer. Here we use publicly-available whole genome bisulfite sequencing data to identify differentially methylated regions (cDMRs) in diverse tumor types and further define a set of genomic target regions that have optimal characteristics for Methylation Sensitive Restriction Enzyme-PCR (MSRE-PCR)-based detection: conserved hypermethylation in tumors, abundant MSRE sites and low methylation levels in normal tissues. The identified MSRE-PCR target regions (n = 1,294) were primarily encompassed within CpG islands (97%) and promoters (81%) with 39% of the target regions overlapping the transcription start site. Gene set enrichment analysis of the target regions identified significant enrichment of genes involved in neuronal development. A multiplexed MSRE-PCR assay was developed interrogating 47 target regions and was tested on a set of genomic DNAs (n = 100) from diverse tumor and normal tissue types including colon, breast, lung, stomach and blood. A logistic regression model containing seven target region amplicons distinguished between tumor and normal tissue in the training (n = 50) with a ROC AUC of 0.97 (95% CI [0.92, 1]) and independent test set (n = 50) with an AUC of 0.93 (95% CI [0.84, 1]). These findings show that genomic regions with conserved hypermethylation across diverse tumor types, abundant MSRE sites and low methylation levels in normal tissues provide target regions for the detection of tumor DNA via MSRE-PCR. The selective amplification of tumor-derived DNA via MSRE-PCR may have utility in the development of non-invasive cancer detection and surveillance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen B. Chapman
- Center for Biotechnology Education, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Brandon W. Higgs
- Center for Biotechnology Education, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Genmab, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
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24
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Kachroo P, Morrow JD, Kho AT, Vyhlidal CA, Silverman EK, Weiss ST, Tantisira KG, DeMeo DL. Co-methylation analysis in lung tissue identifies pathways for fetal origins of COPD. Eur Respir J 2020; 56:13993003.02347-2019. [PMID: 32482784 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02347-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
COPD likely has developmental origins; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully identified. Investigation of lung tissue-specific epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation using network approaches might facilitate insights linking in utero smoke (IUS) exposure and risk for COPD in adulthood.We performed genome-wide methylation profiling for adult lung DNA from 160 surgical samples and 78 fetal lung DNA samples isolated from discarded tissue at 8-18 weeks of gestation. Co-methylation networks were constructed to identify preserved modules that shared methylation patterns in fetal and adult lung tissues and associations with fetal IUS exposure, gestational age and COPD.Weighted correlation networks highlighted preserved and co-methylated modules for both fetal and adult lung data associated with fetal IUS exposure, COPD and lower adult lung function. These modules were significantly enriched for genes involved in embryonic organ development and specific inflammation-related pathways, including Hippo, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), Wnt, mitogen-activated protein kinase and transforming growth factor-β signalling. Gestational age-associated modules were remarkably preserved for COPD and lung function, and were also annotated to genes enriched for the Wnt and PI3K/AKT pathways.Epigenetic network perturbations in fetal lung tissue exposed to IUS and of early lung development recapitulated in adult lung tissue from ex-smokers with COPD. Overlapping fetal and adult lung tissue network modules highlighted putative disease pathways supportive of exposure-related and age-associated developmental origins of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarshini Kachroo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jarrett D Morrow
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alvin T Kho
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelan G Tantisira
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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Merid SK, Novoloaca A, Sharp GC, Küpers LK, Kho AT, Roy R, Gao L, Annesi-Maesano I, Jain P, Plusquin M, Kogevinas M, Allard C, Vehmeijer FO, Kazmi N, Salas LA, Rezwan FI, Zhang H, Sebert S, Czamara D, Rifas-Shiman SL, Melton PE, Lawlor DA, Pershagen G, Breton CV, Huen K, Baiz N, Gagliardi L, Nawrot TS, Corpeleijn E, Perron P, Duijts L, Nohr EA, Bustamante M, Ewart SL, Karmaus W, Zhao S, Page CM, Herceg Z, Jarvelin MR, Lahti J, Baccarelli AA, Anderson D, Kachroo P, Relton CL, Bergström A, Eskenazi B, Soomro MH, Vineis P, Snieder H, Bouchard L, Jaddoe VW, Sørensen TIA, Vrijheid M, Arshad SH, Holloway JW, Håberg SE, Magnus P, Dwyer T, Binder EB, DeMeo DL, Vonk JM, Newnham J, Tantisira KG, Kull I, Wiemels JL, Heude B, Sunyer J, Nystad W, Munthe-Kaas MC, Räikkönen K, Oken E, Huang RC, Weiss ST, Antó JM, Bousquet J, Kumar A, Söderhäll C, Almqvist C, Cardenas A, Gruzieva O, Xu CJ, Reese SE, Kere J, Brodin P, Solomon O, Wielscher M, Holland N, Ghantous A, Hivert MF, Felix JF, Koppelman GH, London SJ, Melén E. Epigenome-wide meta-analysis of blood DNA methylation in newborns and children identifies numerous loci related to gestational age. Genome Med 2020; 12:25. [PMID: 32114984 PMCID: PMC7050134 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-020-0716-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth and shorter duration of pregnancy are associated with increased morbidity in neonatal and later life. As the epigenome is known to have an important role during fetal development, we investigated associations between gestational age and blood DNA methylation in children. METHODS We performed meta-analysis of Illumina's HumanMethylation450-array associations between gestational age and cord blood DNA methylation in 3648 newborns from 17 cohorts without common pregnancy complications, induced delivery or caesarean section. We also explored associations of gestational age with DNA methylation measured at 4-18 years in additional pediatric cohorts. Follow-up analyses of DNA methylation and gene expression correlations were performed in cord blood. DNA methylation profiles were also explored in tissues relevant for gestational age health effects: fetal brain and lung. RESULTS We identified 8899 CpGs in cord blood that were associated with gestational age (range 27-42 weeks), at Bonferroni significance, P < 1.06 × 10- 7, of which 3343 were novel. These were annotated to 4966 genes. After restricting findings to at least three significant adjacent CpGs, we identified 1276 CpGs annotated to 325 genes. Results were generally consistent when analyses were restricted to term births. Cord blood findings tended not to persist into childhood and adolescence. Pathway analyses identified enrichment for biological processes critical to embryonic development. Follow-up of identified genes showed correlations between gestational age and DNA methylation levels in fetal brain and lung tissue, as well as correlation with expression levels. CONCLUSIONS We identified numerous CpGs differentially methylated in relation to gestational age at birth that appear to reflect fetal developmental processes across tissues. These findings may contribute to understanding mechanisms linking gestational age to health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kebede Merid
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexei Novoloaca
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Gemma C Sharp
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Leanne K Küpers
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alvin T Kho
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ritu Roy
- Computational Biology And Informatics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- HDF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Sorbonne Université and INSERM, Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Pooja Jain
- NIHR-Health Protection Research Unit, Respiratory Infections and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- NIHR-Health Protection Research Unit, Respiratory Infections and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Catherine Allard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Florianne O Vehmeijer
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nabila Kazmi
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucas A Salas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, USA
| | - Faisal I Rezwan
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Genomic of Complex diseases, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse (CoRAL), Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Phillip E Melton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
- Curtin/UWA Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Debbie A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Stockholm Region, Sweden
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Karen Huen
- Children's Environmental Health Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nour Baiz
- Sorbonne Université and INSERM, Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Luigi Gagliardi
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Ospedale Versilia, Viareggio, AUSL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- NIHR-Health Protection Research Unit, Respiratory Infections and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Corpeleijn
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrice Perron
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen Aagaard Nohr
- Research Unit for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susan L Ewart
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, RTP, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Denise Anderson
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Priyadarshini Kachroo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - Anna Bergström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Stockholm Region, Sweden
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Munawar Hussain Soomro
- Sorbonne Université and INSERM, Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luigi Bouchard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of medical biology, CIUSSS-SLSJ, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent W Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section on Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Hasan Arshad
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development & Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Per Magnus
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Terence Dwyer
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Australia Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Judith M Vonk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - John Newnham
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Kelan G Tantisira
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Inger Kull
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children's Hospital, Södersjukhuset, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joseph L Wiemels
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Barbara Heude
- INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Research Team on Early life Origins of Health (EarOH), Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Monica C Munthe-Kaas
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse (CoRAL), Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josep Maria Antó
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean Bousquet
- University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Department of Dermatology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cilla Söderhäll
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catarina Almqvist
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Stockholm Region, Sweden
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, GRIAC Research Institute Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Reese
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, RTP, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Juha Kere
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Folkhälsa Research Institute, Helsinki, and Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, University of Helsinki Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petter Brodin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olivia Solomon
- Children's Environmental Health Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Matthias Wielscher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nina Holland
- Children's Environmental Health Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Akram Ghantous
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse (CoRAL), Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, GRIAC Research Institute Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie J London
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, RTP, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Sachs' Children's Hospital, South General Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Zeng Z, Meyer KF, Lkhagvadorj K, Kooistra W, Reinders-Luinge M, Xu X, Huo X, Song J, Plösch T, Hylkema MN. Prenatal smoke effect on mouse offspring Igf1 promoter methylation from fetal stage to adulthood is organ and sex specific. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L549-L561. [PMID: 31913647 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00293.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal smoke exposure (PSE) is associated with reduced birth weight, impaired fetal development, and increased risk for diseases later in life. Changes in DNA methylation may be involved, as multiple large-scale epigenome-wide association studies showed that PSE is robustly associated with DNA methylation changes in blood among offspring in early life. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) is important in growth, differentiation, and repair processes after injury. However, no studies investigated the organ-specific persistence of PSE-induced methylation change of Igf1 into adulthood. Based on our previous studies on the PSE effect on Igf1 promoter methylation in fetal and neonatal mouse offspring, we now have extended our studies to adulthood. Our data show that basal Igf1 promoter methylation generally increased in the lung but decreased in the liver (except for 2 persistent CpG sites in both organs) across three different developmental stages. PSE changed Igf1 promoter methylation in all three developmental stages, which was organ and sex specific. The PSE effect was less pronounced in adult offspring compared with the fetal and neonatal stages. In addition, the PSE effect in the adult stage was more pronounced in the lung compared with the liver. For most CpG sites, an inverse correlation was found for promoter methylation and mRNA expression when the data of all three stages were combined. This was more prominent in the liver. Our findings provide additional evidence for sex- and organ-dependent prenatal programming, which supports the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Karolin F Meyer
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Khosbayar Lkhagvadorj
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wierd Kooistra
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan Reinders-Luinge
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xia Huo
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Song
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Torsten Plösch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Machteld N Hylkema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Hanzeplein, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Nicotine Suppresses the Invasiveness of Human Trophoblasts by Downregulation of CXCL12 Expression through the Alpha-7 Subunit of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:916-924. [PMID: 31933163 PMCID: PMC7077928 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Smoke exposure during pregnancy has detrimental effects upon numerous fetal and neonatal outcomes. Nicotine (the main component of tobacco) has been suggested to affect placental development. During placental development, efficient invasion by trophoblasts is required for establishment of the fetus–maternal circulation. In this study we explored the regulation of trophoblast invasion by nicotine. An immortalized first trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line (HTR-8/SVneo cells) was used for all the experiments, which were treated by nicotine, methyllycaconitine, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12). Total RNA and protein were used to study the expressions of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and transwell assay was used to study invasiveness. Changes of RNA expression due to nicotine treatment were detected by RNA sequence. Level of CXCL12 mRNA was verified by quantitative PCR. We showed that HTR-8/SVneo expressed subunits α2–4, α7, α9, β1, and β2 of nAChRs. Nicotine downregulated CXCL12 expression and inhibited trophoblast invasion. Methyllycaconitine, as an antagonist of the α7 homopolymer, blocked the inhibitory effect of nicotine. CXCL12 could rescue the nicotine-induced inhibitory effect on invasion of HTR-8/SVneo cells. These results suggest that the α7 subunit of the nAChR has important roles in modulating trophoblast invasion through CXCL12.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases linked with increased morbidity and healthcare utilization. The underlying pathophysiological processes and causal relationships of asthma with epigenetic mechanisms are partially understood. Here we review human studies of epigenetic mechanisms in asthma, with a special focus on DNA methylation. RECENT FINDINGS Epigenetic studies of childhood asthma have identified specific methylation signatures associated with allergic inflammation in the airway and immune cells, demonstrating a regulatory role for methylation in asthma pathogenesis. Despite these novel findings, additional research in the role of epigenetic mechanisms underlying asthma endotypes is needed. Similarly, studies of histone modifications are also lacking in asthma. Future studies of epigenetic mechanisms in asthma will benefit from data integration in well phenotyped cohorts. This review provides an overview of the current literature on epigenetic studies in human asthma, with special emphasis on methylation and childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Gomez
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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29
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Cardenas A, Lutz SM, Everson TM, Perron P, Bouchard L, Hivert MF. Mediation by Placental DNA Methylation of the Association of Prenatal Maternal Smoking and Birth Weight. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1878-1886. [PMID: 31497855 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal maternal smoking is a risk factor for lower birth weight. We performed epigenome-wide association analyses of placental DNA methylation (DNAm) at 720,077 cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites and prenatal maternal smoking among 441 mother-infant pairs (2010-2014) and evaluated whether DNAm mediates the association between smoking and birth weight using mediation analysis. Mean birth weight was 3,443 (standard deviation, 423) g, and 38 mothers (8.6%) reported smoking at a mean of 9.4 weeks of gestation. Prenatal maternal smoking was associated with a 175-g lower birth weight (95% confidence interval (CI): -305.5, -44.8) and with differential DNAm of 71 CpGs in placenta, robust to latent-factor adjustment reflecting cell types (Bonferroni-adjusted P < 6.94 × 10-8). Of the 71 CpG sites, 7 mediated the association between prenatal smoking and birth weight (on MDS2, PBX1, CYP1A2, VPRBP, WBP1L, CD28, and CDK6 genes), and prenatal smoking × DNAm interactions on birth weight were observed for 5 CpG sites. The strongest mediator, cg22638236, was annotated to the PBX1 gene body involved in skeletal patterning and programming, with a mediated effect of 301-g lower birth weight (95% CI: -543, -86) among smokers but no mediated effect for nonsmokers (β = -38 g; 95% CI: -88, 9). Prenatal maternal smoking might interact with placental DNAm at specific loci, mediating the association with lower infant birth weight.
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Polli FS, Kohlmeier KA. Prenatal Nicotine Exposure in Rodents: Why Are There So Many Variations in Behavioral Outcomes? Nicotine Tob Res 2019; 22:1694-1710. [DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that smoking cessation rates among women have stagnated in the past decade and estimates that hundreds of millions of women will be smokers in the next decade. Social, environmental, and biological conditions render women more susceptible to nicotine addiction, imposing additional challenges to quit smoking during gestation, which is likely why more than 8% of pregnancies in Europe are associated with smoking. In epidemiological investigations, individuals born from gestational exposure to smoking exhibit a higher risk of development of attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) and liability to drug dependence. Among other teratogenic compounds present in tobacco smoke, nicotine actions during neuronal development could contribute to the observed outcomes as nicotine misleads signaling among progenitor cells during brain development. Several experimental approaches have been developed to address the consequences of prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) to the brain and behavior but, after four decades of studies, inconsistent data have been reported and the lack of consensus in the field has compromised the hypothesis that gestational nicotine exposure participates in cognitive and emotional behavioral deficits.
Aims
In this review, we discuss the most commonly used PNE models with focus on their advantages and disadvantages, their relative validity, and how the different technical approaches could play a role in the disparate outcomes.
Results
We propose methodological considerations, which could improve the translational significance of the PNE models.
Conclusions
Such alterations might be helpful in reconciling experimental findings, as well as leading to development of treatment targets for maladaptive behaviors in those prenatally exposed.
Implications
In this article, we have reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of different variables of the commonly used experimental models of PNE. We discuss how variations in the nicotine administration methods, the timing of nicotine exposure, nicotine doses, and species employed could contribute to the disparate findings in outcomes for PNE offspring, both in behavior and neuronal changes. In addition, recent findings suggest consideration of epigenetic effects extending across generations. Finally, we have suggested improvements in the available PNE models that could contribute to the enhancement of their validity, which could assist in the reconciliation of experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Souza Polli
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristi Anne Kohlmeier
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kuniyoshi KM, Rehan VK. The impact of perinatal nicotine exposure on fetal lung development and subsequent respiratory morbidity. Birth Defects Res 2019; 111:1270-1283. [PMID: 31580538 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy remains as a significant public health crisis as it did decades ago. Although its prevalence is decreasing in high-income countries, it has worsened globally, along with a concerning emergence of electronic-cigarette usage within the last two decades. Extensive epidemiologic and experimental evidence exists from both human and animal studies, demonstrating the detrimental long-term pulmonary outcomes in the offspring of mothers who smoke during pregnancy. Even secondhand and thirdhand smoke exposure to the developing lung might be as or even more harmful than firsthand smoke exposure. Furthermore, these effects are not limited only to the exposed progeny, but can also be transmitted transgenerationally. There is compelling evidence to support that the majority of the effects of perinatal smoke exposure on the developing lung, including the transgenerational transmission of asthma, is mediated by nicotine. Nicotine exposure induces cell-specific molecular changes in lungs, which offers a unique opportunity to prevent, halt, and/or reverse the resultant damage through targeted molecular interventions. Experimentally, the proposed interventions, such as administration of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists can not only block but also potentially reverse the perinatal nicotine exposure-induced respiratory morbidity in the exposed offspring. However, the development of a safe and effective intervention is still many years away. In the meantime, electropuncture at specific acupoints appears to be emerging as a more practical and safe physiologic approach to block the harmful pulmonary consequences of perinatal nicotine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Kuniyoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor, UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Virender K Rehan
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor, UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
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Price LR, Martinez J. Biological effects of nicotine exposure: A narrative review of the scientific literature. F1000Res 2019; 8:1586. [PMID: 32595938 PMCID: PMC7308884 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20062.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of new tobacco heating products and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is changing the way humans are exposed to nicotine. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a broad overview of published scientific literature with respect to the effects of nicotine on three key health-related areas: 1) cardiovascular risk, 2) carcinogenesis and 3) reproductive outcomes. These areas are known to be particularly vulnerable to the effects of cigarette smoke, and in addition, nicotine has been hypothesized to play a role in disease pathogenesis. Acute toxicity will also be discussed. The literature to February 2019 suggests that there is no increased cardiovascular risk of nicotine exposure in consumers who have no underlying cardiovascular pathology. There is scientific consensus that nicotine is not a direct or complete carcinogen, however, it remains to be established whether it plays some role in human cancer propagation and metastasis. These cancer progression pathways have been proposed in models in vitro and in transgenic rodent lines in vivo but have not been demonstrated in cases of human cancer. Further studies are needed to determine whether nicotine is linked to decreased fertility in humans. The results from animal studies indicate that nicotine has the potential to act across many mechanisms during fetal development. More studies are needed to address questions regarding nicotine exposure in humans, and this may lead to additional guidance concerning new ENDS entering the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie R. Price
- Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, Japan Tobacco International, Genève, Genève, 1202, Switzerland
| | - Javier Martinez
- Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, Japan Tobacco International, Genève, Genève, 1202, Switzerland
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Price LR, Martinez J. Cardiovascular, carcinogenic and reproductive effects of nicotine exposure: A narrative review of the scientific literature. F1000Res 2019; 8:1586. [PMID: 32595938 PMCID: PMC7308884 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20062.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of new tobacco heating products and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is changing the way humans are exposed to nicotine. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a broad overview of published scientific literature with respect to the effects of nicotine on three key health-related areas: 1) cardiovascular risk, 2) carcinogenesis and 3) reproductive outcomes. These areas are known to be particularly vulnerable to the effects of cigarette smoke, and in addition, nicotine has been hypothesized to play a role in disease pathogenesis. Acute toxicity will also be discussed. The literature to February 2019 suggests that there is no increased cardiovascular risk of nicotine exposure in consumers who have no underlying cardiovascular pathology. There is scientific consensus that nicotine is not a direct or complete carcinogen, however, it remains to be established whether it plays some role in human cancer propagation and metastasis. These cancer progression pathways have been proposed in models in vitro and in transgenic rodent lines in vivo but have not been demonstrated in cases of human cancer. Further studies are needed to determine whether nicotine is linked to decreased fertility in humans. The results from animal studies indicate that nicotine has the potential to act across many mechanisms during fetal development. More studies are needed to address questions regarding nicotine exposure in humans, and this may lead to additional guidance concerning new ENDS entering the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie R. Price
- Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, Japan Tobacco International, Genève, Genève, 1202, Switzerland
| | - Javier Martinez
- Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, Japan Tobacco International, Genève, Genève, 1202, Switzerland
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Cardenas VM, Fischbach LA, Chowdhury P. The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems during pregnancy and the reproductive outcomes: A systematic review of the literature. Tob Induc Dis 2019; 17:52. [PMID: 31582941 PMCID: PMC6770636 DOI: 10.18332/tid/104724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) among pregnant women is of great concern. To our knowledge the current literature provides conflicting views regarding the uncertainties of the effects of ENDS use during pregnancy on the health of the fetus. METHODS We searched PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE, for the period 2007 to October 2017 for terms to identify publications on ENDS use during pregnancy and the reproductive outcomes. We updated the search for the period November 2017 to November 2018 using Ovid Medline. We obtained full text of articles and present a summary of the contents. RESULTS We found no studies of pregnant women exposed to ENDS use and its effect on their fetus or neonates. However, there is a growing body of experimental studies in animals that suggest that nicotine in ENDS alters DNA methylation, induces birth defects, reduces the birth weight, and affects the development of the heart and lungs of their offspring. A large population-based cohort study in the United States estimated that 5% of pregnant women were current ENDS users in 2014; most of them also smoked cigarettes. Surveys conducted among practitioners indicate that there is a need to screen and counsel pregnant women. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis of studies of women who used smokeless tobacco during pregnancy suggest that prenatal nicotine alone is a risk factor for low birth weight, premature delivery, and stillbirth. CONCLUSIONS There were no previous studies assessing the reproductive effects of ENDS use during pregnancy. However, prenatal exposure to nicotine is known to be harmful to the fetus and the pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Cardenas
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Lori A Fischbach
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Parimal Chowdhury
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
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35
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Neophytou AM, Oh SS, Hu D, Huntsman S, Eng C, Rodríguez-Santana JR, Kumar R, Balmes JR, Eisen EA, Burchard EG. In utero tobacco smoke exposure, DNA methylation, and asthma in Latino children. Environ Epidemiol 2019; 3:e048. [PMID: 31342008 PMCID: PMC6571182 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for chronic disease later in life and has been associated with variability of DNA methylation at specific cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) loci. We assessed the role of DNA methylation as a potential mediator of adverse effects of in utero tobacco smoke exposures on asthma outcomes in Latino children from the US mainland and Puerto Rico. METHODS Relationships between self-reported exposure and DNA methylation at CpG loci previously reported to be associated with maternal smoking were assessed in a subsample consisting of 572 children aged 8-21 years (310 cases with asthma, 262 healthy controls), sampled from a larger asthma case-control study. Subsequently, we assessed associations between top loci and asthma-related outcomes, followed by mediation analysis for loci for which associations with outcomes were observed. RESULTS Self-reported maternal smoking was associated with a -1.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) = -2.4%, -0.6%) lower methylation at CpG locus cg05575921 on the AHRR gene; a 1% increase in DNA methylation at the same locus resulted in an odds ratio (OR) of 0.90 (95% CI = 0.83, 0.96) for the odds of asthma. The OR for the indirect effect of maternal smoking on asthma mediated through methylation at the cg05575921 locus was 1.18 (95% CI = 1.07, 1.68), compared to the OR for the total effect of exposure in the parent study of 1.48 (95% CI = 1.03, 2.11). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest potential mediation by DNA methylation in the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and asthma status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M. Neophytou
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Sam S. Oh
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Donglei Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Scott Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Rajesh Kumar
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - John R. Balmes
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Ellen A. Eisen
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
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Fragou D, Pakkidi E, Aschner M, Samanidou V, Kovatsi L. Smoking and DNA methylation: Correlation of methylation with smoking behavior and association with diseases and fetus development following prenatal exposure. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 129:312-327. [PMID: 31063835 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Among epigenetic mechanisms, DNA methylation has been widely studied with respect to many environmental factors. Smoking is a common factor which affects both global and gene-specific DNA methylation. It is supported that smoking directly affects DNA methylation, and these effects contribute to the development and progression of various diseases, such as cancer, lung and cardiovascular diseases and male infertility. In addition, prenatal smoking influences the normal development of the fetus via DNA methylation changes. The DNA methylation profile and its smoking-induced alterations helps to distinguish current from former smokers and non-smokers and can be used to predict the risk for the development of a disease. This review summarizes the DNA methylation changes induced by smoking, their correlation with smoking behavior and their association with various diseases and fetus development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domniki Fragou
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Pakkidi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael Aschner
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, Neuroscience, and Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Victoria Samanidou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Su KY, Li MC, Lee NW, Ho BC, Cheng CL, Chuang YC, Yu SL, Guo YL. Perinatal polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans exposure are associated with DNA methylation changes lasting to early adulthood: Findings from Yucheng second generation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 170:481-486. [PMID: 30640082 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Epigenome-wide DNA methylation has not been studied in men perinatally exposed to PCBs and dioxins. Therefore, we examined whether perinatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) induces sustained methylation changes lasting to early adulthood. We used the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip to assess DNA methylation in whole blood among Yucheng second generation (people perinatal exposed to high PCBs and PCDFs) compared with referents. Thirty male offspring from the Yucheng cohort were randomly selected and matched with 30 male offspring from the Yucheng' neighborhood referents with similar backgrounds. Methylation differences between the Yucheng second generation and non-exposed referents were identified using a P value < 1.06 × 10-7. Differential DNA methylation with epigenome-wide statistical significance was observed for 20 CpGs mapped to 11 genes, and 19 CpGs were correlated with gestational levels of PCBs or PCDF toxic equivalency (PCDF-TEQ) with the same direction of effect. Among the 11 genes, AHRR and CYP1A1 are involved in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway known to mediate dioxin toxicity. MYO1G, FRMD4A, ARL4C, OLFM1, and WWC3 were previously reported to be related to carcinogenesis. This is the first study examining genome-wide DNA methylation among people perinatally exposed to high concentrations of PCBs and PCDFs. We observed novel differential methylation of several genes, indicating that modifications of DNA methylation associated with perinatal PCB and PCDF exposure may persist in exposed offspring for more than 20 years. Furthermore, involvement of several carcinogesis-related genes suggested a potential in utero epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Yi Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan; NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chieh Li
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, China Medical University College of Public Health, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Wei Lee
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, 640, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Ching Ho
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan; NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Ling Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Chuang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan; NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Yue Leon Guo
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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Xu J, Gaddis NC, Bartz TM, Hou R, Manichaikul AW, Pankratz N, Smith AV, Sun F, Terzikhan N, Markunas CA, Patchen BK, Schu M, Beydoun MA, Brusselle GG, Eiriksdottir G, Zhou X, Wood AC, Graff M, Harris TB, Ikram MA, Jacobs DR, Launer LJ, Lemaitre RN, O’Connor GT, Oelsner EC, Psaty BM, Vasan RS, Rohde RR, Rich SS, Rotter JI, Seshadri S, Smith LJ, Tiemeier H, Tsai MY, Uitterlinden AG, Voruganti VS, Xu H, Zilhão NR, Fornage M, Zillikens MC, London SJ, Barr RG, Dupuis J, Gharib SA, Gudnason V, Lahousse L, North KE, Steffen LM, Cassano PA, Hancock DB. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Genome-Wide Interaction Analyses Reveal DPP10-Pulmonary Function Association. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:631-642. [PMID: 30199657 PMCID: PMC6396866 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201802-0304oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory properties that could benefit adults with comprised pulmonary health. OBJECTIVE To investigate n-3 PUFA associations with spirometric measures of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and determine underlying genetic susceptibility. METHODS Associations of n-3 PUFA biomarkers (α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid [DPA], and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) were evaluated with PFTs (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC) in meta-analyses across seven cohorts from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium (N = 16,134 of European or African ancestry). PFT-associated n-3 PUFAs were carried forward to genome-wide interaction analyses in the four largest cohorts (N = 11,962) and replicated in one cohort (N = 1,687). Cohort-specific results were combined using joint 2 degree-of-freedom (2df) meta-analyses of SNP associations and their interactions with n-3 PUFAs. RESULTS DPA and DHA were positively associated with FEV1 and FVC (P < 0.025), with evidence for effect modification by smoking and by sex. Genome-wide analyses identified a novel association of rs11693320-an intronic DPP10 SNP-with FVC when incorporating an interaction with DHA, and the finding was replicated (P2df = 9.4 × 10-9 across discovery and replication cohorts). The rs11693320-A allele (frequency, ∼80%) was associated with lower FVC (PSNP = 2.1 × 10-9; βSNP = -161.0 ml), and the association was attenuated by higher DHA levels (PSNP×DHA interaction = 2.1 × 10-7; βSNP×DHA interaction = 36.2 ml). CONCLUSIONS We corroborated beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs on pulmonary function. By modeling genome-wide n-3 PUFA interactions, we identified a novel DPP10 SNP association with FVC that was not detectable in much larger studies ignoring this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | | | - Traci M. Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit
| | - Ruixue Hou
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina
| | - Ani W. Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Albert V. Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Fangui Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Natalie Terzikhan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Epidemiology
| | - Christina A. Markunas
- Center for Omics Discovery and Epidemiology, Behavioral Health Research Division, and
| | - Bonnie K. Patchen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Matthew Schu
- Genomics in Public Health and Medicine Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - May A. Beydoun
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Guy G. Brusselle
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Epidemiology
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
| | | | - Xia Zhou
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alexis C. Wood
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - David R. Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology
- Department of Health Services, and
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Division of Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Boston University’s and NHLBI’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca R. Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Stephen S. Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor–UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Glenn Biggs Institute of Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Lewis J. Smith
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology
- Department of Psychiatry
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, and
| | | | | | - V. Saroja Voruganti
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina
| | - Hanfei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - M. Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Stephanie J. London
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - R. Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sina A. Gharib
- Department of Medicine
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lies Lahousse
- Department of Epidemiology
- Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Lyn M. Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Patricia A. Cassano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Dana B. Hancock
- Center for Omics Discovery and Epidemiology, Behavioral Health Research Division, and
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Zakarya R, Adcock I, Oliver BG. Epigenetic impacts of maternal tobacco and e-vapour exposure on the offspring lung. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:32. [PMID: 30782202 PMCID: PMC6381655 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In utero exposure to tobacco products, whether maternal or environmental, have harmful effects on first neonatal and later adult respiratory outcomes. These effects have been shown to persist across subsequent generations, regardless of the offsprings' smoking habits. Established epigenetic modifications induced by in utero exposure are postulated as the mechanism underlying the inherited poor respiratory outcomes. As e-cigarette use is on the rise, their potential to induce similar functional respiratory deficits underpinned by an alteration in the foetal epigenome needs to be explored. This review will focus on the functional and epigenetic impact of in utero exposure to maternal cigarette smoke, maternal environmental tobacco smoke, environmental tobacco smoke and e-cigarette vapour on foetal respiratory outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razia Zakarya
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian Adcock
- Airway Diseases Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Biomedical Research Unit, Section of Respiratory Diseases, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Brian G Oliver
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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40
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Abstract
Importance Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use in pregnancy has been steadily increasing and has been hyped as being a safe alternative to cigarette smoking during pregnancy. This review discloses what is currently known about e-cigarette use in pregnancy and the effects of its use on pregnancy outcomes. Objective To determine what is currently known about the prevalence of e-cigarette use in pregnancy and the effects of e-cigarette use on pregnancy and perinatal/neonatal outcomes. Evidence Acquisition A PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE search was undertaken using the search terms "pregnancy" OR "pregnancy complications" OR "pregnancy outcome" OR "newborn" OR "neonate" OR "birth" AND "electronic cigarettes" OR "e-cigarettes" OR "ecigarettes" OR "vaping" OR "vape." The search was limited to the English language and between 2007 and October 12, 2017. Results The search identified 91 articles, 40 of which are the basis for this review. The prevalence of e-cigarette use is 0.6% to 15%. The amount of nicotine consumed by e-cigarette users is comparable to that consumed by cigarette smokers. Most of the animal model studies suggest a potential danger to the developing fetus primarily because of the nicotine consumed and that consumption has multiple effects on the immune system, neural development, lung function, and cardiac function. There is a widespread flawed perception that e-cigarettes are safe to use during pregnancy. Conclusions The marketing of e-cigarette use as a safer alternative to cigarette smoking has led to an increasing use even in pregnancy. The nicotine consumed by e-cigarettes is similar to that consumed by cigarette smoking. Animal studies confirm the dangers of nicotine to the developing fetus. More research needs to be done specifically assessing e-cigarette use, pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes. Relevance The amount of nicotine consumed in cigarette smoking is similar to the amount of nicotine consumed with e-cigarettes. The effects of nicotine exposure during fetal development are well known and include effects on multiple organ systems.
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Tsai PC, Glastonbury CA, Eliot MN, Bollepalli S, Yet I, Castillo-Fernandez JE, Carnero-Montoro E, Hardiman T, Martin TC, Vickers A, Mangino M, Ward K, Pietiläinen KH, Deloukas P, Spector TD, Viñuela A, Loucks EB, Ollikainen M, Kelsey KT, Small KS, Bell JT. Smoking induces coordinated DNA methylation and gene expression changes in adipose tissue with consequences for metabolic health. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:126. [PMID: 30342560 PMCID: PMC6196025 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0558-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tobacco smoking is a risk factor for multiple diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Many smoking-associated signals have been detected in the blood methylome, but the extent to which these changes are widespread to metabolically relevant tissues, and impact gene expression or metabolic health, remains unclear. Methods We investigated smoking-associated DNA methylation and gene expression variation in adipose tissue biopsies from 542 healthy female twins. Replication, tissue specificity, and longitudinal stability of the smoking-associated effects were explored in additional adipose, blood, skin, and lung samples. We characterized the impact of adipose tissue smoking methylation and expression signals on metabolic disease risk phenotypes, including visceral fat. Results We identified 42 smoking-methylation and 42 smoking-expression signals, where five genes (AHRR, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYTL1, F2RL3) were both hypo-methylated and upregulated in current smokers. CYP1A1 gene expression achieved 95% prediction performance of current smoking status. We validated and replicated a proportion of the signals in additional primary tissue samples, identifying tissue-shared effects. Smoking leaves systemic imprints on DNA methylation after smoking cessation, with stronger but shorter-lived effects on gene expression. Metabolic disease risk traits such as visceral fat and android-to-gynoid ratio showed association with methylation at smoking markers with functional impacts on expression, such as CYP1A1, and at tissue-shared smoking signals, such as NOTCH1. At smoking-signals, BHLHE40 and AHRR DNA methylation and gene expression levels in current smokers were predictive of future gain in visceral fat upon smoking cessation. Conclusions Our results provide the first comprehensive characterization of coordinated DNA methylation and gene expression markers of smoking in adipose tissue. The findings relate to human metabolic health and give insights into understanding the widespread health consequence of smoking outside of the lung. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0558-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| | - Craig A Glastonbury
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,Big Data Institute at the Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Melissa N Eliot
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Sailalitha Bollepalli
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) and Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Idil Yet
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Elena Carnero-Montoro
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,Pfizer - University of Granada - Andalusian Government Center for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - Thomas Hardiman
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Tiphaine C Martin
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Alice Vickers
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Kirsten Ward
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, Obesity Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.,Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Ana Viñuela
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric B Loucks
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Miina Ollikainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) and Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Karl T Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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Choukrallah MA, Sewer A, Talikka M, Sierro N, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J, Ivanov NV. Epigenomics in tobacco risk assessment: Opportunities for integrated new approaches. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Andraos S, de Seymour JV, O'Sullivan JM, Kussmann M. The Impact of Nutritional Interventions in Pregnant Women on DNA Methylation Patterns of the Offspring: A Systematic Review. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800034. [PMID: 30035846 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated that environmental exposures in early life are associated with later-life health status and disease susceptibility. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, have been suggested as potential mechanisms linking the intrauterine environment with offspring health status. The present systematic review compiles peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials assessing the impact of maternal nutritional interventions on DNA methylation patterns of the offspring. The results of the included trials are consistent with micronutrient supplementation not significantly affecting offspring tissue DNA methylation patterns, yet subgrouping by sex, BMI, and smoking status increased the significance of nutritional supplementation on DNA methylation. Maternal BMI and smoking status as well as offspring sex were factors influencing offspring DNA methylation responsiveness to nutritional interventions during pregnancy. Future research should aim at assessing the impact of nutritional interventions on DNA methylation patterns of neonates comparing single versus multi-micronutrient supplementation, within populations having high versus low baseline nutritional statuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Andraos
- The Liggins Institute, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jamie Violet de Seymour
- The Liggins Institute, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Justin Martin O'Sullivan
- The Liggins Institute, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Martin Kussmann
- The Liggins Institute, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,New Zealand National Science Challenge, High-Value Nutrition, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
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Zhang B, Hong X, Ji H, Tang WY, Kimmel M, Ji Y, Pearson C, Zuckerman B, Surkan PJ, Wang X. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and cord blood DNA methylation: new insight on sex differences and effect modification by maternal folate levels. Epigenetics 2018; 13:505-518. [PMID: 29945474 PMCID: PMC6140808 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1475978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy may affect newborn DNA methylation (DNAm). However, little is known about how these associations vary by a newborn's sex and/or maternal nutrition. To fill in this research gap, we investigated epigenome-wide DNAm associations with maternal smoking during pregnancy in African American mother-newborn pairs. DNAm profiling in cord (n = 379) and maternal blood (n = 300) were performed using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. We identified 12 CpG sites whose DNAm levels in cord blood were associated with maternal smoking, at a false discovery rate <5%. The identified associations in the GFI1 gene were more pronounced in male newborns than in females (P = 0.002 for maternal smoking × sex interaction at cg18146737). We further observed that maternal smoking and folate level may interactively affect cord blood DNAm level at cg05575921 in the AHRR gene (P = 5.0 × 10-4 for interaction): compared to newborns unexposed to maternal smoking and with a high maternal folate level (>19.2 nmol/L), the DNAm level was about 0.03 lower (P = 3.6 × 10-4) in exposed newborns with a high maternal folate level, but was 0.08 lower (P = 1.2 × 10-8) in exposed newborns with a low maternal folate level. Our data suggest that adequate maternal folate levels may partly counteract the impact of maternal smoking on DNAm. These findings may open new avenues of inquiry regarding sex differences in response to environmental insults and novel strategies to mitigate their intergenerational health effects through optimization of maternal nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hongkai Ji
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wan-yee Tang
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Kimmel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill’s School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yuelong Ji
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Colleen Pearson
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Barry Zuckerman
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pamela J. Surkan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Frey S, Eichler A, Stonawski V, Kriebel J, Wahl S, Gallati S, Goecke TW, Fasching PA, Beckmann MW, Kratz O, Moll GH, Heinrich H, Kornhuber J, Golub Y. Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Is Associated With Adverse Cognitive Effects and Distinct Whole-Genome DNA Methylation Patterns in Primary School Children. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:125. [PMID: 29997484 PMCID: PMC6028559 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is known to elicit a broad range of systemic effects, including neurophysiological alterations that result in adverse behavioral and cognitive outcomes. However, molecular pathways underlying these long-term intrauterine effects remain to be investigated. Here, we tested a hypothesis that PAE may lead to epigenetic alterations to the DNA resulting in attentional and cognitive alterations of the children. We report the results of the study that included 156 primary school children of the Franconian Cognition and Emotion Studies (FRANCES) cohort which were tested for an objective marker of PAE, ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in meconium at birth. Thirty-two newborns were found to be exposed to alcohol with EtG values above 30 ng/g (EtG+). Previously we described PAE being associated with lower IQ and smaller amplitude of the event-related potential component P3 in go trials (Go-P3), which indicates a reduced capacity of attentional resources. Whole-genome methylation analysis of the buccal cell DNA revealed 193 differentially methylated genes in children with positive meconium EtG, that were clustered into groups involved in epigenetic modifications, neurodegeneration, neurodevelopment, axon guidance and neuronal excitability. Furthermore, we detected mediation effects of the methylation changes in DPP10 and SLC16A9 genes on the EtG related cognitive and attention-related deficits. Our results suggest that system-wide epigenetic changes are involved in long-term effects of PAE. In particular, we show an epigenetic mediation of PAE effects on cognition and attention-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Frey
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Eichler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Valeska Stonawski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kriebel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, German Research Center for Environmental Health - Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Wahl
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, German Research Center for Environmental Health - Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabina Gallati
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tamme W Goecke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Oliver Kratz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gunther H Moll
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hartmut Heinrich
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,kbo-Heckscher-Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yulia Golub
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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46
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Hofstee P, McKeating DR, Perkins AV, Cuffe JS. Placental adaptations to micronutrient dysregulation in the programming of chronic disease. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 45:871-884. [PMID: 29679395 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Poor nutrition during pregnancy is known to impair foetal development and increase the risk of chronic disease in offspring. Both macronutrients and micronutrients are required for a healthy pregnancy although significantly less is understood about the role of micronutrients in the programming of chronic disease. This is despite the fact that modern calorie rich diets are often also deficient in key micronutrients. The importance of micronutrients in gestational disorders is clearly understood but how they impact long term disease in humans requires further investigation. In contrast, animal studies have demonstrated how diets high or low in specific micronutrients influence offspring physiology. Many of these studies highlight the importance of the placenta in determining disease risk. This review will explore the effects of individual vitamins, minerals and trace elements on offspring disease outcomes and discuss several key placental adaptations that are affected by multiple micronutrients. These placental adaptations include micronutrient induced dysregulation of oxidative stress, altered methyl donor availability and its impact on epigenetic mechanisms as well as endocrine dysfunction. Critical gaps in our current knowledge and the relative importance of different micronutrients at different gestational ages will also be highlighted. Finally, this review will discuss the need for further studies to characterise the micronutrient status of Australian women of reproductive age and correlate micronutrient status to placental adaptations, pregnancy complications and offspring disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Hofstee
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel R McKeating
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Anthony V Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - James Sm Cuffe
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, Australia
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van der Weijden VA, Flöter VL, Ulbrich SE. Gestational oral low-dose estradiol-17β induces altered DNA methylation of CDKN2D and PSAT1 in embryos and adult offspring. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7494. [PMID: 29748642 PMCID: PMC5945594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) interfere with the natural hormone balance and may induce epigenetic changes through exposure during sensitive periods of development. In this study, the effects of short-term estradiol-17β (E2) exposure on various tissues of pregnant sows (F0) and on day 10 blastocysts (F1) were assessed. Intergenerational effects were investigated in the liver of 1-year old female offspring (F1). During gestation, sows were orally exposed to two low doses and a high dose of E2 (0.05, 10, and 1000 µg/kg body weight/day). In F0, perturbed tissue specific mRNA expression of cell cycle regulation and tumour suppressor genes was found at low and high dose exposure, being most pronounced in the endometrium and corpus luteum. The liver showed the most significant DNA hypomethylation in three target genes; CDKN2D, PSAT1, and RASSF1. For CDKN2D and PSAT1, differential methylation in blastocysts was similar as observed in the F0 liver. Whereas blastocysts showed hypomethylation, the liver of 1-year old offspring showed subtle, but significant hypermethylation. We show that the level of effect of estrogenic EDC, with the periconceptual period as a sensitive time window, is at much lower concentration than currently presumed and propose epigenetics as a sensitive novel risk assessment parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veronika L Flöter
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland.,Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Animal Physiology & Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Life Science Center Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne E Ulbrich
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Animal Physiology & Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Life Science Center Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharvari S. Deshpande
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Nafisa H. Balasinor
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Parel, Mumbai, India
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Interaction of Epstein-Barr virus genes with human gastric carcinoma transcriptome. Oncotarget 2018; 8:38399-38412. [PMID: 28415594 PMCID: PMC5503541 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a leading cause of mortality. 10% of GC cases are related with EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) infection. The detailed mechanistic roles EBV genes play and especially the interaction between the viral genes and human genes in GC remain unclear. In this study, raw fastq data from 285 GC samples were downloaded from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), including 25 EBV positive (EBV+) GC samples and 260 EBV negative (EBV−) GC samples. RNA-seq based expression data were generated for both human genes (among all the samples) and for the EBV genes (among the 25 EBV+ samples). Bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed (DEx) human genes and DEx KEGG pathways in EBV+ vs. EBV− samples and co-expressed human gene modules and hub genes among the DEx genes. Within the EBV+ samples, analyses were conducted to find correlation between EBV gene expression and the human gene expression modules, between EBV gene expression and the human hub genes, and between EBV gene expression and the DEx human pathways. EBV genes LMP-1, BALF1 and BALF2 were found to have significant correlation with human hub genes, CNTD2 and VANGL2. EBV genes BALF4 and BALF5 were found to correlate with human pathways, including Jak-STAT signaling and Phosphatidylinositol Signaling System. Our study has revealed the coordinated expression patterns between EBV and human GC transcriptome and identified several key EBV genes that may play an important role in EBV+ GC pathogenesis through their interactions with human genes and pathways.
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Cheng Q, Zhao B, Huang Z, Su Y, Chen B, Yang S, Peng X, Ma Q, Yu X, Zhao B, Ke X. Epigenome-wide study for the offspring exposed to maternal HBV infection during pregnancy, a pilot study. Gene 2018. [PMID: 29526602 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be transmitted to infants, and is related to infants' later disease risk. Epigenetic change (such as DNA methylation) may be mechanism underlying the relationship. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether prenatal HBV infection could alter DNA methylation status in newborns. METHOD We selected 12 neonates with intrauterine HBV infection whose mothers were HBsAg-positive during pregnancy, relative to 12 HBV-free neonates with HBsAg-negative mothers. The pattern of genome-wide DNA methylation in the umbilical cord blood was investigated by Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 450K BeadChip. RESULT The average level of global methylation in infected neonates exposed to maternal HBV infection was not significantly different from controls. However, after adjusting for multiple comparisons, we found differential significance in the cases group compared to the controls for 663 CpG sites, associated with 534 genes. Among these sites, 53.85% (357/663) had decreased methylation (ΔM < 0) and 46.15% (306/663) had increased methylation (ΔM > 0). The average percentage change (Δβ) in methylation ranged from -46% to 36%. Validated by pyrosequencing, we identified 4 significantly differentially methylated CpG sites in the KLHL35 gene and additional CpGs for the CPT1B gene. These genes play a role in the development of hepatocellular and colorectal carcinoma and fatty acid oxidation, suggesting the candidature of these genes in HBV related disease. CONCLUSION Prenatal HBV exposure, even without malformation or preterm birth, may alter the epigenome profile in newborns. We identified a set of genes with differentially methylated CpG sites presented in the cord blood of HBV-infected newborns with HBsAg-positive mothers, demonstrating that DNA methylation status at birth can be used as a biomarker of prenatal exposure. These DNA methylation differences suggest a possible role for epigenetic processes in neonatal development in response to prenatal HBV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Zhenxiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Yanhua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Biqin Chen
- Women and Children's medical center, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Songjing Yang
- Women and Children's medical center, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xueqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Qilin Ma
- Neurology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Benhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Fujian, China.
| | - Xiayi Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Fujian, China.
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