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Khan Q, Wang Y, Xia G, Yang H, Luo Z, Zhang Y. Deleterious Effects of Heat Stress on the Tomato, Its Innate Responses, and Potential Preventive Strategies in the Realm of Emerging Technologies. Metabolites 2024; 14:283. [PMID: 38786760 PMCID: PMC11122942 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14050283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The tomato is a fruit vegetable rich in nutritional and medicinal value grown in greenhouses and fields worldwide. It is severely sensitive to heat stress, which frequently occurs with rising global warming. Predictions indicate a 0.2 °C increase in average surface temperatures per decade for the next three decades, which underlines the threat of austere heat stress in the future. Previous studies have reported that heat stress adversely affects tomato growth, limits nutrient availability, hammers photosynthesis, disrupts reproduction, denatures proteins, upsets signaling pathways, and damages cell membranes. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species in response to heat stress is toxic to tomato plants. The negative consequences of heat stress on the tomato have been the focus of much investigation, resulting in the emergence of several therapeutic interventions. However, a considerable distance remains to be covered to develop tomato varieties that are tolerant to current heat stress and durable in the perspective of increasing global warming. This current review provides a critical analysis of the heat stress consequences on the tomato in the context of global warming, its innate response to heat stress, and the elucidation of domains characterized by a scarcity of knowledge, along with potential avenues for enhancing sustainable tolerance against heat stress through the involvement of diverse advanced technologies. The particular mechanism underlying thermotolerance remains indeterminate and requires further elucidatory investigation. The precise roles and interplay of signaling pathways in response to heat stress remain unresolved. The etiology of tomato plants' physiological and molecular responses against heat stress remains unexplained. Utilizing modern functional genomics techniques, including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, can assist in identifying potential candidate proteins, metabolites, genes, gene networks, and signaling pathways contributing to tomato stress tolerance. Improving tomato tolerance against heat stress urges a comprehensive and combined strategy including modern techniques, the latest apparatuses, speedy breeding, physiology, and molecular markers to regulate their physiological, molecular, and biochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Landscape and Horticulture‚ Ecology College‚ Lishui University‚ Lishui 323000‚ China; (Q.K.); (Y.W.); (G.X.); (H.Y.); (Z.L.)
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Ben Youssef R, Jelali N, Martínez-Andújar C, Abdelly C, Hernández JA. Salicylic Acid and Calcium Chloride Seed Priming: A Prominent Frontier in Inducing Mineral Nutrition Balance and Antioxidant System Capacity to Enhance the Tolerance of Barley Plants to Salinity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1268. [PMID: 38732483 PMCID: PMC11085932 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The current investigation aims to underline the impact of salicylic acid or calcium chloride seed pre-treatments on mineral status and oxidative stress markers, namely levels of electrolyte leakage (EL) and lipid peroxidation levels, measured as thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes in roots and leaves of plants in two barley species grown under various salt treatments. Overall, our results revealed that salinity inhibits essential nutrient absorption such as iron, calcium, magnesium and potassium and stimulates the absorption of sodium. Also, this environmental constraint induced oxidative stress in plants in comparison with the control conditions. This state of oxidative stress is reflected by an increase in TBARS content as well as the stimulation of EL values. In addition, salinity induced disturbances in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which were mainly dependent on the applied salt concentration and the species. In addition, Hordeum marinum maintained high antioxidant enzyme activity and low levels of oxidative stress parameters, which reinforces its salt-tolerant character. Importantly, salicylic acid or calcium chloride seed priming alleviated the mineral imbalance and the oxidative damage induced by salinity. Moreover, seed priming improves iron, calcium magnesium and potassium content and limitsthe accumulation of sodium. Also, both treatments not only decrease TBARS levels and limit EL, but they also stimulate the antioxidant enzyme activities in the leaves and roots of the stressed plants as compared with stressed plants grown from non-primed seeds. Interestingly, the beneficial effects of the mentioned treatments were more notable on Hordeum vulgare species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Ben Youssef
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria (CBBC), P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (N.J.); (C.A.)
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1060, Tunisia
- Group of Fruit Trees Biotechnology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Nahida Jelali
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria (CBBC), P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (N.J.); (C.A.)
| | - Cristina Martínez-Andújar
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria (CBBC), P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (N.J.); (C.A.)
| | - José Antonio Hernández
- Group of Fruit Trees Biotechnology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Ang MCY, Saju JM, Porter TK, Mohaideen S, Sarangapani S, Khong DT, Wang S, Cui J, Loh SI, Singh GP, Chua NH, Strano MS, Sarojam R. Decoding early stress signaling waves in living plants using nanosensor multiplexing. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2943. [PMID: 38580637 PMCID: PMC10997764 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47082-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased exposure to environmental stresses due to climate change have adversely affected plant growth and productivity. Upon stress, plants activate a signaling cascade, involving multiple molecules like H2O2, and plant hormones such as salicylic acid (SA) leading to resistance or stress adaptation. However, the temporal ordering and composition of the resulting cascade remains largely unknown. In this study we developed a nanosensor for SA and multiplexed it with H2O2 nanosensor for simultaneous monitoring of stress-induced H2O2 and SA signals when Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis (Pak choi) plants were subjected to distinct stress treatments, namely light, heat, pathogen stress and mechanical wounding. Nanosensors reported distinct dynamics and temporal wave characteristics of H2O2 and SA generation for each stress. Based on these temporal insights, we have formulated a biochemical kinetic model that suggests the early H2O2 waveform encodes information specific to each stress type. These results demonstrate that sensor multiplexing can reveal stress signaling mechanisms in plants, aiding in developing climate-resilient crops and pre-symptomatic stress diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervin Chun-Yi Ang
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Jolly Madathiparambil Saju
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Thomas K Porter
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sayyid Mohaideen
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Sreelatha Sarangapani
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Duc Thinh Khong
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Song Wang
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Jianqiao Cui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Suh In Loh
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Gajendra Pratap Singh
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Nam-Hai Chua
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Michael S Strano
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore, 138602, Singapore.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Rajani Sarojam
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, #03-06/07/08 Research Wing, Singapore, 138602, Singapore.
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore.
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Tian Y, Xu J, Li L, Farooq TH, Ma X, Wu P. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on growth and biochemical characteristics of Chinese fir ( Cunninghamia lanceolata) seedlings under low phosphorus environment. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17138. [PMID: 38529308 PMCID: PMC10962349 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The continuous establishment of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations across multiple generations has led to the limited impact of soil phosphorus (P) on tree growth. This challenge poses a significant obstacle in maintaining the sustainable management of Chinese fir. Methods To investigate the effects of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and physiological characteristics of Chinese fir under different P supply treatments. We conducted an indoor pot simulation experiment in the greenhouse of the Forestry College of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University with one-and-half-year-old seedlings of Chinese fir from March 2019 to June 2019, with the two P level treatment groups included a normal P supply treatment (1.0 mmol L-1 KH2PO4, P1) and a no P supply treatment (0 mmol L-1 KH2PO4, P0). P0 and P1 were inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae (F.m) or Rhizophagus intraradices (R.i) or not inoculated with AMF treatment. The AMF colonization rate in the root system, seedling height (SH), root collar diameter (RCD) growth, chlorophyll (Chl) photosynthetic characteristics, enzyme activities, and endogenous hormone contents of Chinese fir were estimated. Results The results showed that the colonization rate of F.m in the roots of Chinese fir seedlings was the highest at P0, up to 85.14%, which was 1.66 times that of P1. Under P0 and P1 treatment, root inoculation with either F.m or R.i promoted SH growth, the SH of R.i treatment was 1.38 times and 1.05 times that of F.m treatment, respectively. In the P1 treatment, root inoculation with either F.m or R.i inhibited RCD growth. R.i inhibited RCD growth more aggressively than F.m. In the P0 treatment, root inoculation with F.m and R.i reduced the inhibitory effect of phosphorus deficiency on RCD. At this time, there was no significant difference in RCD between F.m, R.i and CK treatments (p < 0.05). AMF inoculation increased Fm, Fv, Fv/Fm, and Fv/Fo during the chlorophyll fluorescence response in the tested Chinese fir seedlings. Under the two phosphorus supply levels, the trend of Fv and Fm of Chinese fir seedlings in different treatment groups was F.m > R.i > CK. Under P0 treatment, The values of Fv were 235.86, 221.86 and 147.71, respectively. The values of Fm were 287.57, 275.71 and 201.57, respectively. It increased the antioxidant enzyme activity and reduced the leaf's malondialdehyde (MDA) content to a certain extent. Conclusion It is concluded that AMF can enhance the photosynthetic capacity of the host, regulate the distribution of endogenous hormones in plants, and promote plant growth by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. When the P supply is insufficient, AMF is more helpful to plants, and R.i is more effective than F.m in alleviating P starvation stress in Chinese fir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Tian
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Linxin Li
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Taimoor Hassan Farooq
- Bangor College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangqing Ma
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Cai Z, Dai Y, Jin X, Xu H, Huang Z, Xie Z, Yu X, Luo J. Ambient temperature regulates root circumnutation in rice through the ethylene pathway: transcriptome analysis reveals key genes involved. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1348295. [PMID: 38525142 PMCID: PMC10957643 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1348295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Plant roots are constantly prepared to adjust their growth trajectories to avoid unfavorable environments, and their ability to reorient is particularly crucial for survival. Under laboratory conditions, this continuous reorientation of the root tip is manifested as coiling or waving, which we refer to as root circumnutation. However, the effect of ambient temperature (AT) on root circumnutation remains unexplored. In this study, rice seedlings were employed to assess the impact of varying ATs on root circumnutation. The role of ethylene in mediating root circumnutation under elevated AT was examined using the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminooxyacetic acid (AOA) and the ethylene perception antagonist silver thiosulfate (STS). Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and real-time quantitative PCR were utilized to analyze gene expressions in rice root tips under four distinct treatments: 25°C, 35°C, 35°C+STS, and 35°C+AOA. As a result, genes associated with ethylene synthesis and signaling (OsACOs and OsERFs), auxin synthesis and transport (OsYUCCA6, OsABCB15, and OsNPFs), cell elongation (OsEXPAs, OsXTHs, OsEGL1, and OsEXORDIUMs), as well as the inhibition of root curling (OsRMC) were identified. Notably, the expression levels of these genes increased with rising temperatures above 25°C. This study is the first to demonstrate that elevated AT can induce root circumnutation in rice via the ethylene pathway and proposes a potential molecular model through the identification of key genes. These findings offer valuable insights into the growth regulation mechanism of plant roots under elevated AT conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Cai
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Yinuo Dai
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Xia Jin
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Zhenyu Xie
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Xudong Yu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Jiajia Luo
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Wang Z, Qu L, Li J, Niu S, Guo J, Lu D. Effects of exogenous salicylic acid on starch physicochemical properties and in vitro digestion under heat stress during the grain-filling stage in waxy maize. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127765. [PMID: 38287575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Waxy maize starch serves as a pivotal component in global food processing and industrial applications, while high temperature (HT) during the grain-filling stage seriously affects its quality. Salicylic acid (SA) has been recognized for its role in enhancing plant heat resistance. Nonetheless, its regulatory effect on the quality of waxy maize starch under HT conditions remains unclear. In this study, two waxy maize varieties, JKN2000 (heat-tolerant) and SYN5 (heat-sensitive) were treated with SA after pollination and then subjected to HT during the grain-filling stage to explore the effect of SA on grain yield and starch quality. The results indicate that exogenous SA under HT treatment led to an increase in kernel weight and starch content in both varieties. Moreover, SA reduced the HT-induced holes on the surfaces of starch granules, enlarged the starch granule size, elevated the amylopectin branching degree, and reduced amylopectin average chain length. Consequently, improvements of pasting viscosity and the decrease of retrogradation percentage of starch were observed with SA under HT. Exogenous SA reduced HT-induced rapidly digestible starch content in SYN5, but had no significant effect on that in JKN2000. In summary, SA pretreatment effectively alleviated the detrimental effects of HT on starch pasting and thermal properties of waxy maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Lingling Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Shiduo Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jian Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
| | - Dalei Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Zhao W, Wu Z, Amde M, Zhu G, Wei Y, Zhou P, Zhang Q, Song M, Tan Z, Zhang P, Rui Y, Lynch I. Nanoenabled Enhancement of Plant Tolerance to Heat and Drought Stress on Molecular Response. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20405-20418. [PMID: 38032362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Global warming has posed significant pressure on agricultural productivity. The resulting abiotic stresses from high temperatures and drought have become serious threats to plants and subsequent global food security. Applying nanomaterials in agriculture can balance the plant's oxidant level and can also regulate phytohormone levels and thus maintain normal plant growth under heat and drought stresses. Nanomaterials can activate and regulate specific stress-related genes, which in turn increase the activity of heat shock protein and aquaporin to enable plants' resistance against abiotic stresses. This review aims to provide a current understanding of nanotechnology-enhanced plant tolerance to heat and drought stress. Molecular mechanisms are explored to see how nanomaterials can alleviate abiotic stresses on plants. In comparison with organic molecules, nanomaterials offer the advantages of targeted transportation and slow release. These advantages help the nanomaterials in mitigating drought and heat stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhangguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meseret Amde
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Oromia 103, Ethiopia
| | - Guikai Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yujing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Pingfan Zhou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Maoyong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
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Khan AR, Azhar W, Fan X, Ulhassan Z, Salam A, Ashraf M, Liu Y, Gan Y. Efficacy of zinc-based nanoparticles in alleviating the abiotic stress in plants: current knowledge and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:110047-110068. [PMID: 37807024 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29993-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to sessile, plants are unable to avoid unfavorable environmental conditions which leads to inducing serious negative effects on plant growth, crop yield, and food safety. Instead, various approaches were employed to mitigate the phytotoxicity of these emerging contaminants from the soil-plant system. However, recent studies based on the exogenous application of ZnO NPs approve of their important positive potential for alleviating abiotic stress-induced phytotoxicity leads to ensuring global food security. In this review, we have comprehensively discussed the promising role of ZnO NPs as alone or in synergistic interactions with other plant growth regulators (PGRs) in the mitigation of various abiotic stresses, i.e., heavy metals (HMs), drought, salinity, cold and high temperatures from different crops. ZnO NPs have stress-alleviating effects by regulating various functionalities by improving plant growth and development. ZnO NPs are reported to improve plant growth by stimulating diverse alterations at morphological, physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural levels under abiotic stress factors. We have explained the recent advances and pointed out research gaps in studies conducted in earlier years with future recommendations. Thus, in this review, we have also addressed the opportunities and challenges together with aims to uplift future studies toward effective applications of ZnO NPs in stress management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza Khan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wardah Azhar
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 65020, China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Abdul Salam
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yihua Liu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Yinbo Gan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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Da Ros L, Bollina V, Soolanayakanahally R, Pahari S, Elferjani R, Kulkarni M, Vaid N, Risseuw E, Cram D, Pasha A, Esteban E, Konkin D, Provart N, Nambara E, Kagale S. Multi-omics atlas of combinatorial abiotic stress responses in wheat. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1118-1135. [PMID: 37248640 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Field-grown crops rarely experience growth conditions in which yield can be maximized. Environmental stresses occur in combination, with advancements in crop tolerance further complicated by its polygenic nature. Strategic targeting of causal genes is required to meet future crop production needs. Here, we employed a systems biology approach in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to investigate physio-metabolic adjustments and transcriptome reprogramming involved in acclimations to heat, drought, salinity and all combinations therein. A significant shift in magnitude and complexity of plant response was evident across stress scenarios based on the agronomic losses, increased proline concentrations and 8.7-fold increase in unique differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) observed under the triple stress condition. Transcriptome data from all stress treatments were assembled into an online, open access eFP browser for visualizing gene expression during abiotic stress. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed 152 hub genes of which 32% contained the ethylene-responsive element binding factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) transcriptional repression motif. Cross-referencing against the 31 DETs common to all stress treatments isolated TaWRKY33 as a leading candidate for greater plant tolerance to combinatorial stresses. Integration of our findings with available literature on gene functional characterization allowed us to further suggest flexible gene combinations for future adaptive gene stacking in wheat. Our approach demonstrates the strength of robust multi-omics-based data resources for gene discovery in complex environmental conditions. Accessibility of such datasets will promote cross-validation of candidate genes across studies and aid in accelerating causal gene validation for crop resiliency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letitia Da Ros
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Venkatesh Bollina
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Raju Soolanayakanahally
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Shankar Pahari
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Raed Elferjani
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Manoj Kulkarni
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Neha Vaid
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eddy Risseuw
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Dustin Cram
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Asher Pasha
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eddi Esteban
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Konkin
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Nicholas Provart
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eiji Nambara
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sateesh Kagale
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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10
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El-Remaly E. Morphological, physio-biochemical, and molecular indications of heat stress tolerance in cucumber. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18729. [PMID: 37907590 PMCID: PMC10618462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Global warming is a critical challenge limiting crop productivity. Heat stress during cucumber growing stages caused deterioration impacts on the flowering, fruit, and yield stages. In this study, "inbred line 1 and hybrid P1 × P2" (heat-tolerant) and "Barracuda" (heat-sensitive) were utilized to determine the heat tolerance in summer season. The heat injury index was used to exhibit the heat tolerance performance. The heat injury index for heat tolerant (HT) genotypes, on leaves (HIIL%) and female flowers (HIIF%), was less than 25 and 15 % in HT, compared to heat sensitive (HS) was more than 75 and 85%, respectively. Moreover, the content of leaf chlorophyll, proline, brassinosteroid (BRs), abscisic acid content (ABA), the activity of catalase (CAT, EC 1.11. 1.6), peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) and superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) increased with the heat stress responses in HT plants. Expression pattern analyses of eight genes, related to POD (CSGY4G005180 and CSGY6G015230), SOD (CSGY4G010750 and CSGY1G026400), CAT (CsGy4G025230 and CsGy4G025240), and BR (CsGy6G029150 and CsGy6G004930) showed a significant increase in HT higher than in HS plants. This study furnishes valuable markers for heat tolerance genotypes breeding in cucumber and provides a basis for understanding heat-tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman El-Remaly
- Cross-Pollinated Vegetables Research Department, Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt.
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11
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Nazir F, Jahan B, Kumari S, Iqbal N, Albaqami M, Sofo A, Khan MIR. Brassinosteroid modulates ethylene synthesis and antioxidant metabolism to protect rice (Oryza sativa) against heat stress-induced inhibition of source‒sink capacity and photosynthetic and growth attributes. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 289:154096. [PMID: 37776751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
This study presents an exploration of the efficacy of brassinosteroids (BRs) and ethylene in mediating heat stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). Heat is one of the major abiotic factors that prominently deteriorates rice production by influencing photosynthetic efficiency, source‒sink capacity, and growth traits. The application of BR (0.5 mM) and ethylene (200 μl l-1) either individually and/or in combination was found to alleviate heat stress-induced toxicity by significantly improving photosynthesis, source‒sink capacity and defense systems; additionally, it reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers and ethylene formation. The study revealed the positive influence of BR in promoting plant growth responses under heat stress through its interplay with ethylene biosynthesis and enhanced plant defense systems. Interestingly, treatment with the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) substantiated that BR application to heat-stressed rice plants enhanced ethylene-dependent pathways to counteract the underlying adversities. Thus, BR action was found to be mediated by ethylene to promote heat tolerance in rice. The present study sheds light on the potential tolerance mechanisms which can ensure rice sustainability under heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faroza Nazir
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Badar Jahan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Sarika Kumari
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Noushina Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, Cultural Heritage (DiCEM), University of Basilicata, Via Lanera 20, 75100, Matera, MT, Italy
| | - M Iqbal R Khan
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India.
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12
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Sharma M, Negi S, Kumar P, Srivastava DK, Choudhary MK, Irfan M. Fruit ripening under heat stress: The intriguing role of ethylene-mediated signaling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 335:111820. [PMID: 37549738 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Crop production is significantly influenced by climate, and even minor climate changes can have a substantial impact on crop yields. Rising temperature due to climate change can lead to heat stress (HS) in plants, which not only hinders plant growth and development but also result in significant losses in crop yields. To cope with the different stresses including HS, plants have evolved a variety of adaptive mechanisms. In response to these stresses, phytohormones play a crucial role by generating endogenous signals that regulate the plant's defensive response. Among these, Ethylene (ET), a key phytohormone, stands out as a major regulator of stress responses in plants and regulates many plant traits, which are critical for crop productivity and nutritional quality. ET is also known as a ripening hormone for decades in climacteric fruit and many studies are available deciphering the function of different ET biosynthesis and signaling components in the ripening process. Recent studies suggest that HS significantly affects fruit quality traits and perturbs fruit ripening by altering the regulation of many ethylene biosynthesis and signaling genes resulting in substantial loss of fruit yield, quality, and postharvest stability. Despite the significant progress in this field in recent years the interplay between ET, ripening, and HS is elusive. In this review, we summarized the recent advances and current understanding of ET in regulating the ripening process under HS and explored their crosstalk at physiological and molecular levels to shed light on intricate relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shivanti Negi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mani Kant Choudhary
- Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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13
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Liu S, Zenda T, Tian Z, Huang Z. Metabolic pathways engineering for drought or/and heat tolerance in cereals. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1111875. [PMID: 37810398 PMCID: PMC10557149 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1111875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought (D) and heat (H) are the two major abiotic stresses hindering cereal crop growth and productivity, either singly or in combination (D/+H), by imposing various negative impacts on plant physiological and biochemical processes. Consequently, this decreases overall cereal crop production and impacts global food availability and human nutrition. To achieve global food and nutrition security vis-a-vis global climate change, deployment of new strategies for enhancing crop D/+H stress tolerance and higher nutritive value in cereals is imperative. This depends on first gaining a mechanistic understanding of the mechanisms underlying D/+H stress response. Meanwhile, functional genomics has revealed several stress-related genes that have been successfully used in target-gene approach to generate stress-tolerant cultivars and sustain crop productivity over the past decades. However, the fast-changing climate, coupled with the complexity and multigenic nature of D/+H tolerance suggest that single-gene/trait targeting may not suffice in improving such traits. Hence, in this review-cum-perspective, we advance that targeted multiple-gene or metabolic pathway manipulation could represent the most effective approach for improving D/+H stress tolerance. First, we highlight the impact of D/+H stress on cereal crops, and the elaborate plant physiological and molecular responses. We then discuss how key primary metabolism- and secondary metabolism-related metabolic pathways, including carbon metabolism, starch metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) biosynthesis, and phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling can be modified using modern molecular biotechnology approaches such as CRISPR-Cas9 system and synthetic biology (Synbio) to enhance D/+H tolerance in cereal crops. Understandably, several bottlenecks hinder metabolic pathway modification, including those related to feedback regulation, gene functional annotation, complex crosstalk between pathways, and metabolomics data and spatiotemporal gene expressions analyses. Nonetheless, recent advances in molecular biotechnology, genome-editing, single-cell metabolomics, and data annotation and analysis approaches, when integrated, offer unprecedented opportunities for pathway engineering for enhancing crop D/+H stress tolerance and improved yield. Especially, Synbio-based strategies will accelerate the development of climate resilient and nutrient-dense cereals, critical for achieving global food security and combating malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zaimin Tian
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
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14
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Robson JK, Ferguson JN, McAusland L, Atkinson JA, Tranchant-Dubreuil C, Cubry P, Sabot F, Wells DM, Price AH, Wilson ZA, Murchie EH. Chlorophyll fluorescence-based high-throughput phenotyping facilitates the genetic dissection of photosynthetic heat tolerance in African (Oryza glaberrima) and Asian (Oryza sativa) rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5181-5197. [PMID: 37347829 PMCID: PMC10498015 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Rising temperatures and extreme heat events threaten rice production. Half of the global population relies on rice for basic nutrition, and therefore developing heat-tolerant rice is essential. During vegetative development, reduced photosynthetic rates can limit growth and the capacity to store soluble carbohydrates. The photosystem II (PSII) complex is a particularly heat-labile component of photosynthesis. We have developed a high-throughput chlorophyll fluorescence-based screen for photosynthetic heat tolerance capable of screening hundreds of plants daily. Through measuring the response of maximum PSII efficiency to increasing temperature, this platform generates data for modelling the PSII-temperature relationship in large populations in a small amount of time. Coefficients from these models (photosynthetic heat tolerance traits) demonstrated high heritabilities across African (Oryza glaberrima) and Asian (Oryza sativa, Bengal Assam Aus Panel) rice diversity sets, highlighting valuable genetic variation accessible for breeding. Genome-wide association studies were performed across both species for these traits, representing the first documented attempt to characterize the genetic basis of photosynthetic heat tolerance in any species to date. A total of 133 candidate genes were highlighted. These were significantly enriched with genes whose predicted roles suggested influence on PSII activity and the response to stress. We discuss the most promising candidates for improving photosynthetic heat tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan K Robson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
| | - John N Ferguson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Lorna McAusland
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
| | - Jonathan A Atkinson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - Phillipe Cubry
- Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, 911 Av. Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - François Sabot
- Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, 911 Av. Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Darren M Wells
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
| | - Adam H Price
- Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, 911 Av. Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Zoe A Wilson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
| | - Erik H Murchie
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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15
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Chang PE, Wu YH, Tai CY, Lin IH, Wang WD, Tseng TS, Chuang HW. Examining the Transcriptomic and Biochemical Signatures of Bacillus subtilis Strains: Impacts on Plant Growth and Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13720. [PMID: 37762026 PMCID: PMC10531026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizobacteria from various ecological niches display variations in physiological characteristics. This study investigates the transcriptome profiling of two Bacillus subtilis strains, BsCP1 and BsPG1, each isolated from distinct environments. Gene expression linked to the synthesis of seven types of antibiotic compounds was detected in both BsCP1 and BsPG1 cultures. Among these, the genes associated with plipastatin synthesis were predominantly expressed in both bacterial strains. However, genes responsible for the synthesis of polyketide, subtilosin, and surfactin showed distinct transcriptional patterns. Additionally, genes involved in producing exopolysaccharides (EPS) showed higher expression levels in BsPG1 than in BsCP1. Consistently with this, a greater quantity of EPS was found in the BsPG1 culture compared to BsCP1. Both bacterial strains exhibited similar effects on Arabidopsis seedlings, promoting root branching and increasing seedling fresh weight. However, BsPG1 was a more potent enhancer of drought, heat, and copper stress tolerance than BsCP1. Treatment with BsPG1 had a greater impact on improving survival rates, increasing starch accumulation, and stabilizing chlorophyll content during the post-stress stage. qPCR analysis was used to measure transcriptional changes in Arabidopsis seedlings in response to BsCP1 and BsPG1 treatment. The results show that both bacterial strains had a similar impact on the expression of genes involved in the salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways. Likewise, genes associated with stress response, root development, and disease resistance showed comparable responses to both bacterial strains. However, treatment with BsCP1 and BsPG1 induced distinct activation of genes associated with the ABA signaling pathway. The results of this study demonstrate that bacterial strains from different ecological environments have varying abilities to produce beneficial metabolites for plant growth. Apart from the SA and JA signaling pathways, ABA signaling triggered by PGPR bacterial strains could play a crucial role in building an effective resistance to various abiotic stresses in the plants they colonize.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tong-Seung Tseng
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan (C.-Y.T.); (I.-H.L.)
| | - Huey-wen Chuang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan (C.-Y.T.); (I.-H.L.)
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16
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Pereira GL, Nascimento VL, Omena-Garcia RP, Souza BCOQ, Gonçalves JFDC, Ribeiro DM, Nunes-Nesi A, Araújo WL. Physiological and metabolic changes in response to Boron levels are mediated by ethylene affecting tomato fruit yield. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107994. [PMID: 37660605 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) is an essential nutrient for the plant, and its stress (both deficiency and toxicity) are major problems that affect crop production. Ethylene metabolism (both signaling and production) is important to plants' differently responding to nutrient availability. To better understand the connections between B and ethylene, here we investigate the function of ethylene in the responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants to B stress (deficiency, 0 μM and toxicity, 640 μM), using ethylene related mutants, namely nonripening (nor), ripening-inhibitor (rin), never ripe (Nr), and epinastic (Epi). Our results show that B stress does not necessarily inhibit plant growth, but both B stress and ethylene signaling severely affected physiological parameters, such as photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll a fluorescence. Under B toxicity, visible symptoms of toxicity appeared in the roots and margins of the older leaves through necrosis, caused by the accumulation of B which stimulated ethylene biosynthesis in the shoots. Both nor and rin (ethylene signaling) mutants presented similar responses, being these genotypes more sensitive and displaying several morphophysiological alterations, including fruit productivity reductions, in response to the B toxicity conditions. Therefore, our results suggest that physiological and metabolic changes in response to B fluctuations are likely mediated by ethylene signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greice Leal Pereira
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vitor L Nascimento
- Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal - Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Patrícia Omena-Garcia
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Costa O Q Souza
- Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal - Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Francisco de Carvalho Gonçalves
- National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Aleixo, Manaus-AM, Brazil
| | - Dimas Mendes Ribeiro
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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17
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Yadav P, Ansari MW, Kaula BC, Rao YR, Meselmani MA, Siddiqui ZH, Brajendra, Kumar SB, Rani V, Sarkar A, Rakwal R, Gill SS, Tuteja N. Regulation of ethylene metabolism in tomato under salinity stress involving linkages with important physiological signaling pathways. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 334:111736. [PMID: 37211221 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The tomato is well-known for its anti-oxidative and anti-cancer properties, and with a wide range of health benefits is an important cash crop for human well-being. However, environmental stresses (especially abiotic) are having a deleterious effect on plant growth and productivity, including tomato. In this review, authors describe how salinity stress imposes risk consequences on growth and developmental processes of tomato through toxicity by ethylene (ET) and cyanide (HCN), and ionic, oxidative, and osmotic stresses. Recent research has clarified how salinity stress induced-ACS and - β-CAS expressions stimulate the accumulation of ET and HCN, wherein the action of salicylic acid (SA),compatible solutes (CSs), polyamines (PAs) and ET inhibitors (ETIs) regulate ET and HCN metabolism. Here we emphasize how ET, SA and PA cooperates with mitochondrial alternating oxidase (AOX), salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathways and the antioxidants (ANTOX) system to better understand the salinity stress resistance mechanism. The current literature evaluated in this paper provides an overview of salinity stress resistance mechanism involving synchronized routes of ET metabolism by SA and PAs, connecting regulated network of central physiological processes governing through the action of AOX, β-CAS, SOS and ANTOX pathways, which might be crucial for the development of tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Yadav
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Wahid Ansari
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
| | - Babeeta C Kaula
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Yalaga Rama Rao
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Moaed Al Meselmani
- School of Biosciences, Alfred Denny Building, Grantham Centre, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England, UK
| | | | - Brajendra
- Division of Soil Science, ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan Kumar
- Department of Soil Science, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Varsha Rani
- Department of Crop Physiology, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Abhijit Sarkar
- Department of Botany, University of GourBanga, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Randeep Rakwal
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sarvajeet Singh Gill
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Biotechnology, MD University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
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18
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Ali E, Hussain S, Jalal F, Khan MA, Imtiaz M, Said F, Ismail M, Khan S, Ali HM, Hatamleh AA, Al-Dosary MA, Mosa WFA, Shah F. Salicylic acid-mitigates abiotic stress tolerance via altering defense mechanisms in Brassica napus (L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1187260. [PMID: 37564391 PMCID: PMC10411897 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1187260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Under the changing climate due to global warming, various abiotic stresses including drought (D) and salinity (S) are expected to further trigger their devastating effects on the already vulnerable crop production systems. This experiment was designed to unravel and quantify the potential role of exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA) in mitigating both D and S stresses and their combination (D+S), with three replications using CRD (Completely Randomized Design). The obtained results of the current study demonstrated significant effects of all three types of stresses (D, S, and D+S) on various parameters in Brassica napus plants. Quantifying these parameters provides a more informative and precise understanding of the findings. Current results revealed that all three stress types (D, S, and D+S) resulted in a reduction in leaf area (13.65 to 21.87%), chlorophyll levels (30 to 50%), gaseous exchange rate (30 to 54%) and the concentration of mineral ions compared to non-stressed plants. However, application of SA helped in mitigating these stresses by ameliorating the negative effects of these stresses. Moreover, Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, an indicator of lipid per-oxidation and oxidative stress, the levels of antioxidants, proline content, an osmolyte associated with stress tolerance, and sugar content in the leaves were elevated in response to all stress conditions. In addition, the ultra-structures within the leaves were negatively affected by the stresses, while an application of SA considerably minimized the deterioration of these structures thus providing protection to the brassica plants against the stresses. In a nutshell, the findings of this study suggest that SA application in S, D and S+ D stresses provides evasion to the plants by improving different physiological and growth indices. The application of Salicylic Acid (SA) mitigated the negative effects of the stresses on all the above parameters, reducing MDA contents (47%), antioxidants (11 to 20%), proline (28%), sugar contents (20.50%), and minimizing the deterioration of ultra-structures. The findings emphasize the potential mitigatory role of SA in mitigating D and S stresses and highlight the need for further research to understand the underlying mechanisms in detail and explore its practical application in farming practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa Ali
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Developmental Biology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Sayed Hussain
- Department of Horticulture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Jalal
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Khan
- Department of Horticulture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz
- Department of Horticulture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Said
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ismail
- Department of Horticulture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Horticulture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Atef Hatamleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Walid F. A. Mosa
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Pomology) Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Farooq Shah
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
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19
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Saeed S, Ullah A, Ullah S, Elshikh MS, Noor J, Eldin SM, Zeng F, Amin F, Ali MA, Ali I. Salicylic Acid and α-Tocopherol Ameliorate Salinity Impact on Wheat. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26122-26135. [PMID: 37521660 PMCID: PMC10373184 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Soil salinity negatively impacts agricultural productivity. Consequently, strategies should be developed to inculcate a salinity tolerance in crops for sustainable food production. Growth regulators play a vital role in regulating salinity stress tolerance. Methods: Thus, we examined the effect of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and alpha-tocopherol (TP) (100 mg/L) on the morphophysio-biochemical responses of two wheat cultivars (Pirsabak-15 and Shankar) to salinity stress (0 and 40 mM). Results: Both Pirsabak-15 and Shankar cultivars were negatively affected by salinity stress. For instance, salinity reduced growth attributes (i.e., leaf fresh and dry weight, leaf moisture content, leaf area ratio, shoot and root dry weight, shoot and root length, as well as root-shoot ratio), pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a, and carotenoids) but increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and endogenous TP in both cultivars. Among the antioxidant enzymes, salinity enhanced the activity of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in Pirsabak-15; glutathione reductase (GR) and PPO in Shankar, while ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) was present in both cultivars. SA and TP could improve the salinity tolerance by improving growth and photosynthetic pigments and reducing MDA and H2O2. In general, the exogenous application did not have a positive effect on antioxidant enzymes; however, it increased PPO in Pirsabak-15 and SOD in the Shankar cultivar. Conclusions: Consequently, we suggest that SA and TP could have enhanced the salinity tolerance of our selected wheat cultivars by modulating their physiological mechanisms in a manner that resulted in improved growth. Future molecular studies can contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which SA and TP regulate the selected wheat cultivars underlying salinity tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Saeed
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Abd Ullah
- Xinjiang
Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Root Ecology and Vegetation Restoration,
Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Cele
National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland
Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javaria Noor
- Department
of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, KP 19650, Pakistan
| | - Sayed M. Eldin
- Center
of
Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future
University in Egypt, New Cairo 18939, Egypt
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- Xinjiang
Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Root Ecology and Vegetation Restoration,
Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Cele
National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland
Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Fazal Amin
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ajmal Ali
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Center
for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University
of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
- Department
of Genetics and Development, Columbia University
Irving Medical Center, New York,New York 10032, United States
- School
of Life Sciences & Center of Novel Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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20
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Wang Z, Xiao Y, Chang H, Sun S, Wang J, Liang Q, Wu Q, Wu J, Qin Y, Chen J, Wang G, Wang Q. The Regulatory Network of Sweet Corn ( Zea mays L.) Seedlings under Heat Stress Revealed by Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10845. [PMID: 37446023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is an increasingly significant abiotic stress factor affecting crop yield and quality. This study aims to uncover the regulatory mechanism of sweet corn response to heat stress by integrating transcriptome and metabolome analyses of seedlings exposed to normal (25 °C) or high temperature (42 °C). The transcriptome results revealed numerous pathways affected by heat stress, especially those related to phenylpropanoid processes and photosynthesis, with 102 and 107 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified, respectively, and mostly down-regulated in expression. The metabolome results showed that 12 or 24 h of heat stress significantly affected the abundance of metabolites, with 61 metabolites detected after 12 h and 111 after 24 h, of which 42 metabolites were detected at both time points, including various alkaloids and flavonoids. Scopoletin-7-o-glucoside (scopolin), 3-indolepropionic acid, acetryptine, 5,7-dihydroxy-3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavone, and 5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavanone expression levels were mostly up-regulated. A regulatory network was built by analyzing the correlations between gene modules and metabolites, and four hub genes in sweet corn seedlings under heat stress were identified: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 2 (RDR2), UDP-glucosyltransferase 73C5 (UGT73C5), LOC103633555, and CTC-interacting domain 7 (CID7). These results provide a foundation for improving sweet corn development through biological intervention or genome-level modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Wang
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hailong Chang
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shengren Sun
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Jianqiang Wang
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qinggan Liang
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qingdan Wu
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiantao Wu
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuanxia Qin
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junlv Chen
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Qinnan Wang
- Institude of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Sampedro-Guerrero J, Vives-Peris V, Gomez-Cadenas A, Clausell-Terol C. Efficient strategies for controlled release of nanoencapsulated phytohormones to improve plant stress tolerance. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:47. [PMID: 37189192 PMCID: PMC10184380 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Climate change due to different human activities is causing adverse environmental conditions and uncontrolled extreme weather events. These harsh conditions are directly affecting the crop areas, and consequently, their yield (both in quantity and quality) is often impaired. It is essential to seek new advanced technologies to allow plants to tolerate environmental stresses and maintain their normal growth and development. Treatments performed with exogenous phytohormones stand out because they mitigate the negative effects of stress and promote the growth rate of plants. However, the technical limitations in field application, the putative side effects, and the difficulty in determining the correct dose, limit their widespread use. Nanoencapsulated systems have attracted attention because they allow a controlled delivery of active compounds and for their protection with eco-friendly shell biomaterials. Encapsulation is in continuous evolution due to the development and improvement of new techniques economically affordable and environmentally friendly, as well as new biomaterials with high affinity to carry and coat bioactive compounds. Despite their potential as an efficient alternative to phytohormone treatments, encapsulation systems remain relatively unexplored to date. This review aims to emphasize the potential of phytohormone treatments as a means of enhancing plant stress tolerance, with a specific focus on the benefits that can be gained through the improved exogenous application of these treatments using encapsulation techniques. Moreover, the main encapsulation techniques, shell materials and recent work on plants treated with encapsulated phytohormones have been compiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Sampedro-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - Vicente Vives-Peris
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gomez-Cadenas
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Carolina Clausell-Terol
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Cerámica, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
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22
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Raza A, Charagh S, Abbas S, Hassan MU, Saeed F, Haider S, Sharif R, Anand A, Corpas FJ, Jin W, Varshney RK. Assessment of proline function in higher plants under extreme temperatures. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:379-395. [PMID: 36748909 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and abiotic stress factors are key players in crop losses worldwide. Among which, extreme temperatures (heat and cold) disturb plant growth and development, reduce productivity and, in severe cases, lead to plant death. Plants have developed numerous strategies to mitigate the detrimental impact of temperature stress. Exposure to stress leads to the accumulation of various metabolites, e.g. sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids and amino acids. Plants accumulate the amino acid 'proline' in response to several abiotic stresses, including temperature stress. Proline abundance may result from de novo synthesis, hydrolysis of proteins, reduced utilization or degradation. Proline also leads to stress tolerance by maintaining the osmotic balance (still controversial), cell turgidity and indirectly modulating metabolism of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the crosstalk of proline with other osmoprotectants and signalling molecules, e.g. glycine betaine, abscisic acid, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, soluble sugars, helps to strengthen protective mechanisms in stressful environments. Development of less temperature-responsive cultivars can be achieved by manipulating the biosynthesis of proline through genetic engineering. This review presents an overview of plant responses to extreme temperatures and an outline of proline metabolism under such temperatures. The exogenous application of proline as a protective molecule under extreme temperatures is also presented. Proline crosstalk and interaction with other molecules is also discussed. Finally, the potential of genetic engineering of proline-related genes is explained to develop 'temperature-smart' plants. In short, exogenous application of proline and genetic engineering of proline genes promise ways forward for developing 'temperature-smart' future crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raza
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - S Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - S Abbas
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M U Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - F Saeed
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - S Haider
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - R Sharif
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Landscape, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - A Anand
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - F J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - W Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R K Varshney
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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23
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Sehar Z, Mir IR, Khan S, Masood A, Khan NA. Nitric Oxide and Proline Modulate Redox Homeostasis and Photosynthetic Metabolism in Wheat Plants under High Temperature Stress Acclimation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1256. [PMID: 36986944 PMCID: PMC10053195 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The effects of exogenously-sourced NO (nitric oxide, as 100 µM SNP) and proline (50 mM) in the protection of the photosynthetic performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants against heat stress were investigated. The study focused on the mechanisms of proline accumulation, activity, gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, and NO generation. Plants were exposed to a temperature of 40 °C for 6 h per day over 15 days, then allowed to recover at 28 °C. Heat-stressed plants showed increased oxidative stress, with higher levels of H2O2 and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and increased proline accumulation, ACS activity, ethylene evolution, and NO generation, which in turn leads to increased accumulation of antioxidant enzymes and reduced photosynthetic attributes. In the tested wheat cultivar, the exogenous application of SNP and proline under heat stress improved the photosynthesis and reduced oxidative stress by enhancing the enzymatic antioxidant defense system. Potentially, the promoter AOX (alternative oxidase) played a role in maintaining redox homeostasis by lowering H2O2 and TBARS levels. The genes for GR antioxidant and photosystem II core protein encoding psbA and psbB were highly up-regulated in nitric oxide and proline treated heat-stressed plants, indicating that ethylene positively impacted photosynthesis under high temperature stress. Moreover, nitric oxide supplementation under high temperature stress optimized ethylene levels to regulate the assimilation and metabolism of proline and the antioxidant system, lowering the adverse effects. The study showed that nitric oxide and proline increased high temperature stress tolerance in wheat by increasing the osmolytes accumulation and the antioxidant system, resulting in enhanced photosynthesis.
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24
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Swain R, Sahoo S, Behera M, Rout GR. Instigating prevalent abiotic stress resilience in crop by exogenous application of phytohormones and nutrient. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1104874. [PMID: 36844040 PMCID: PMC9947512 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1104874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, the demand for food and feed for the ever-increasing population has achieved unparalleled importance, which cannot afford crop yield loss. Now-a-days, the unpleasant situation of abiotic stress triggers crop improvement by affecting the different metabolic pathways of yield and quality advances worldwide. Abiotic stress like drought, salinity, cold, heat, flood, etc. in plants diverts the energy required for growth to prevent the plant from shock and maintain regular homeostasis. Hence, the plant yield is drastically reduced as the energy is utilized for overcoming the stress in plants. The application of phytohormones like the classical auxins, cytokinins, ethylene, and gibberellins, as well as more recent members including brassinosteroids, jasmonic acids, etc., along with both macro and micronutrients, have enhanced significant attention in creating key benefits such as reduction of ionic toxicity, improving oxidative stress, maintaining water-related balance, and gaseous exchange modification during abiotic stress conditions. Majority of phytohormones maintain homeostasis inside the cell by detoxifying the ROS and enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activities which can enhance tolerance in plants. At the molecular level, phytohormones activate stress signaling pathways or genes regulated by abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), Jasmonic acid (JA), and ethylene. The various stresses primarily cause nutrient deficiency and reduce the nutrient uptake of plants. The application of plant nutrients like N, K, Ca, and Mg are also involved in ROS scavenging activities through elevating antioxidants properties and finally decreasing cell membrane leakage and increasing the photosynthetic ability by resynthesizing the chlorophyll pigment. This present review highlighted the alteration of metabolic activities caused by abiotic stress in various crops, the changes of vital functions through the application of exogenous phytohormones and nutrition, as well as their interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinny Swain
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Crop Improvement Division, School of Agriculture, Gandhi University of Engineering and Technology (GIET) University, Rayagada, Odisha, India
| | - Smrutishree Sahoo
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Crop Improvement Division, School of Agriculture, GIET University, Rayagada, Odisha, India
| | - Mamata Behera
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Crop Improvement Division, School of Agriculture, GIET University, Rayagada, Odisha, India
| | - Gyana Ranjan Rout
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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25
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Pandey A, Harohalli Masthigowda M, Kumar R, Pandey GC, Awaji SM, Singh G, Pratap Singh G. Physio-biochemical characterization of wheat genotypes under temperature stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:131-143. [PMID: 36733838 PMCID: PMC9886710 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stress is a major abiotic stress in wheat and is highly complex in mechanism. A large area in northwestern plain zones (NWPZ), which is the wheat bowl of India is affected by heat stress. Climate change also causes an abrupt increase in temperature at different growth stages of wheat. Thus, wiser selection of stress tolerant varieties is an important strategy to combat the climate change effect. The present study aims for physiological and biochemical screening of timely sown NWPZ wheat varieties (WB2, HD3086, DBW88, DPW621-50, DBW17, HD2967 and PBW550) of India for their thermal stress tolerance along with heat tolerant (RAJ3765) and susceptible checks (RAJ4014) at seedling stage. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design under controlled laboratory condition and heat stress was induced at 37 °C at seedling stage. Later different physio-biochemical traits were studied in both control and stress seedlings. All traits exhibited significant variations among genotypes under heat stress condition. Root and shoot weight, relative water content, chlorophyll content index and chlorophyll fluorescence reduced significantly, whereas membrane leakage, osmotic potential, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, malondialdehyde content and proline content were increased in stress plants. A tolerance matrix was prepared based on stress response of the genotypes for each trait and a final tolerance score was given to each genotype. Based on this tolerance matrix, DBW88 and PBW550 were identified as tolerant, DPW621-50, DBW17 and HD2967 as moderately susceptible and HD3086 and WB2 as susceptible to heat stress. Earlier studies parade that seedling level stress tolerance has high correlation with adult level stress tolerance under field condition in wheat. Hence, this study helps in wiser selection of varieties for sowing in NWPZ based on weather forecast of the location for creating varietal mosaic in context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Pandey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
- Biosciences and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan 304022 India
| | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
- University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Girish Chandra Pandey
- Biosciences and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan 304022 India
| | - Sushma M. Awaji
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006 India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
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26
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Mohapatra S, Sirhindi G, Dogra V. Seed priming with brassinolides improves growth and reinforces antioxidative defenses under normal and heat stress conditions in seedlings of Brassica juncea. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13814. [PMID: 36326060 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stresses pose a major challenge for plant researchers to fulfill increasing food demand. Researchers are trying to generate high-yielding and stress-tolerant or resistant varieties using classical genetics and modern gene-editing tools; however, both approaches have limitations. Chemical treatments emerged as an alternative to improve yield and impart stress resilience. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of phytohormones that regulate various biological processes, including stress management. With foliar spray methods, BR treatments showed promising results but are not economically feasible. We hypothesize that priming of seeds, which requires lesser amounts of BRs, could be equally effective in promoting growth and stress tolerance. Owing to this notion, we analyzed the impact of priming seeds with selected BRs, namely, 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and 28-homobrassinolide (HBL), in Brassica juncea under normal and heat shock stress conditions. Seeds primed with BRs and grown until seedlings stage at normal conditions (20°C) were subjected to a heat shock (35°C) for a few hours, relating to what plants experience in natural conditions. Heat shock reduced the growth and biomass with an increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species. As anticipated, BRs treatments significantly improved the growth and physiological parameters with an enhanced antioxidant defense under both conditions. Transcriptional analyses revealed that BRs concomitantly induce growth and oxidative stress-responsive gene expression via the canonical BR-signaling pathway. Transfer of unstressed and heat-shock-treated seedlings to field conditions demonstrated the long-term effectivity of BR-priming. Our results showed seed priming with BRs could improve growth and resilience against heat shock; hence, it appears to be a viable strategy to enhance crop yields and stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Mohapatra
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | | | - Vivek Dogra
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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27
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Guo J, Wang Z, Qu L, Hu Y, Lu D. Transcriptomic and alternative splicing analyses provide insights into the roles of exogenous salicylic acid ameliorating waxy maize seedling growth under heat stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:432. [PMID: 36076169 PMCID: PMC9461148 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03822-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salicylic acid (SA) is a phytohormone which works to regulate the abiotic stress response of plants. However, the molecular mechanism by which SA mediates heat tolerance in waxy maize (Zea mays L. sinsensis Kulesh) remains unknown. RESULTS Two varieties of waxy maize seedlings, heat-tolerant 'Yunuo7' (Y7) and heat-sensitive 'Suyunuo5' (S5), were pretreated with SA prior to heat stress (HTS). After treatment, physiological and transcriptomic changes were analyzed. Compared with HTS, the exogenous application of SA enhanced the shoot dry weight, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., SOD, POD, CAT and APX), and the concentration of endogenous phytohormones (e.g., SA, ABA, IAA, GA3), while decreased the MDA content. Transcriptome analysis showed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in the control (CK) vs HTS and HTS vs HTS + SA comparisons were more in S5 than in Y7. HTS induced the downregulation of genes involved in photosynthesis and the upregulation of genes encoding heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs). Compared with HTS, SA pretreatment reversed the expression of 5 photosynthesis-related genes, 26 phytohormone-related genes, and all genes encoding HSFs and HSPs in S5. Furthermore, the number of alternative splicing (AS) events increased under HTS treatment for both varieties, while decreased under SA pretreatment of S5. Differentially spliced genes (DSGs) showed little overlap with DEGs, and DEGs and DSGs differed significantly in functional enrichment. CONCLUSIONS Physiological and transcriptional together indicated that HTS and SA pretreatment had a greater effect on S5 than Y7. Additionally, it appears that transcriptional regulation and AS work synergistically to enhance thermotolerance in heat-sensitive waxy maize. Our study revealed the regulatory effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of SA on waxy maize seedling under HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zitao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dalei Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Hydrogen Sulfide, Ethylene, and Nitric Oxide Regulate Redox Homeostasis and Protect Photosynthetic Metabolism under High Temperature Stress in Rice Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081478. [PMID: 36009197 PMCID: PMC9405544 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rising temperatures worldwide due to global climate change are a major scientific issue at present. The present study reports the effects of gaseous signaling molecules, ethylene (200 µL L−1; 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid; ethephon, Eth), nitric oxide (NO; 100 µM sodium nitroprusside; SNP), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S; 200 µM sodium hydrosulfide, NaHS) in high temperature stress (HS) tolerance, and whether or not H2S contributes to ethylene or NO-induced thermo-tolerance and photosynthetic protection in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, i.e., Taipei-309, and Rasi. Plants exposed to an HS of 40 °C for six h per day for 15 days caused a reduction in rice biomass, associated with decreased photosynthesis and leaf water status. High temperature stress increased oxidative stress by increasing the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in rice leaves. These signaling molecules increased biomass, leaf water status, osmolytes, antioxidants, and photosynthesis of plants under non-stress and high temperature stress. However, the effect was more conspicuous with ethylene than NO and H2S. The application of H2S scavenger hypotaurine (HT) reversed the effect of ethylene or NO on photosynthesis under HS. This supports the findings that the ameliorating effects of Eth or SNP involved H2S. Thus, the presence of H2S with ethylene or NO can enhance thermo-tolerance while also protecting plant photosynthesis.
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29
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Meng X, Zhao B, Li M, Liu R, Ren Q, Li G, Guo X. Characteristics and Regulating Roles of Wheat TaHsfA2-13 in Abiotic Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:922561. [PMID: 35832224 PMCID: PMC9271894 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.922561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factor (Hsf) exists widely in eukaryotes and responds to various abiotic stresses by regulating the expression of downstream transcription factors, functional enzymes, and molecular chaperones. In this study, TaHsfA2-13, a heat shock transcription factor belonging to A2 subclass, was cloned from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and its function was analyzed. TaHsfA2-13 encodes a protein containing 368 amino acids and has the basic characteristics of Hsfs. Multiple sequence alignment analysis showed that TaHsfA2-13 protein had the highest similarity with TdHsfA2c-like protein from Triticum dicoccoides, which reached 100%. The analysis of tissue expression characteristics revealed that TaHsfA2-13 was highly expressed in root, shoot, and leaf during the seedling stage of wheat. The expression of TaHsfA2-13 could be upregulated by heat stress, low temperature, H2O2, mannitol, salinity and multiple phytohormones. The TaHsfA2-13 protein was located in the nucleus under the normal growth conditions and showed a transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Further studies found that overexpression of TaHsfA2-13 in Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 or athsfa2 mutant results in improved tolerance to heat stress, H2O2, SA and mannitol by regulating the expression of multiple heat shock protein (Hsp) genes. In summary, our study identified TaHsfA2-13 from wheat, revealed its regulatory function in varieties of abiotic stresses, and will provide a new target gene to improve stress tolerance for wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhao Meng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Baihui Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qianqian Ren
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiulin Guo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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Reproductive-Stage Heat Stress in Cereals: Impact, Plant Responses and Strategies for Tolerance Improvement. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136929. [PMID: 35805930 PMCID: PMC9266455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reproductive-stage heat stress (RSHS) poses a major constraint to cereal crop production by damaging main plant reproductive structures and hampering reproductive processes, including pollen and stigma viability, pollination, fertilization, grain setting and grain filling. Despite this well-recognized fact, research on crop heat stress (HS) is relatively recent compared to other abiotic stresses, such as drought and salinity, and in particular, RSHS studies in cereals are considerably few in comparison with seedling-stage and vegetative-stage-centered studies. Meanwhile, climate change-exacerbated HS, independently or synergistically with drought, will have huge implications on crop performance and future global food security. Fortunately, due to their sedentary nature, crop plants have evolved complex and diverse transient and long-term mechanisms to perceive, transduce, respond and adapt to HS at the molecular, cell, physiological and whole plant levels. Therefore, uncovering the molecular and physiological mechanisms governing plant response and tolerance to RSHS facilitates the designing of effective strategies to improve HS tolerance in cereal crops. In this review, we update our understanding of several aspects of RSHS in cereals, particularly impacts on physiological processes and yield; HS signal perception and transduction; and transcriptional regulation by heat shock factors and heat stress-responsive genes. We also discuss the epigenetic, post-translational modification and HS memory mechanisms modulating plant HS tolerance. Moreover, we offer a critical set of strategies (encompassing genomics and plant breeding, transgenesis, omics and agronomy) that could accelerate the development of RSHS-resilient cereal crop cultivars. We underline that a judicious combination of all of these strategies offers the best foot forward in RSHS tolerance improvement in cereals. Further, we highlight critical shortcomings to RSHS tolerance investigations in cereals and propositions for their circumvention, as well as some knowledge gaps, which should guide future research priorities. Overall, our review furthers our understanding of HS tolerance in plants and supports the rational designing of RSHS-tolerant cereal crop cultivars for the warming climate.
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31
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Liu J, Qiu G, Liu C, Li H, Chen X, Fu Q, Lin Y, Guo B. Salicylic Acid, a Multifaceted Hormone, Combats Abiotic Stresses in Plants. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060886. [PMID: 35743917 PMCID: PMC9225363 DOI: 10.3390/life12060886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, many new and exciting findings have paved the way to the better understanding of plant responses in various environmental changes. Some major areas are focused on role of phytohormone during abiotic stresses. Salicylic acid (SA) is one such plant hormone that has been implicated in processes not limited to plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. This review summarizes the various roles and functions of SA in mitigating abiotic stresses to plants, including heating, chilling, salinity, metal toxicity, drought, ultraviolet radiation, etc. Consistent with its critical roles in plant abiotic tolerance, this review identifies the gaps in the literature with regard to the complex signalling network between SA and reactive oxygen species, ABA, Ca2+, and nitric oxide. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying signalling networks that control development and stress responses in plants and underscore prospects for future research on SA concerning abiotic-stressed plants are also discussed.
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32
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Khan A, Khan V, Pandey K, Sopory SK, Sanan-Mishra N. Thermo-Priming Mediated Cellular Networks for Abiotic Stress Management in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866409. [PMID: 35646001 PMCID: PMC9136941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants can adapt to different environmental conditions and can survive even under very harsh conditions. They have developed elaborate networks of receptors and signaling components, which modulate their biochemistry and physiology by regulating the genetic information. Plants also have the abilities to transmit information between their different parts to ensure a holistic response to any adverse environmental challenge. One such phenomenon that has received greater attention in recent years is called stress priming. Any milder exposure to stress is used by plants to prime themselves by modifying various cellular and molecular parameters. These changes seem to stay as memory and prepare the plants to better tolerate subsequent exposure to severe stress. In this review, we have discussed the various ways in which plants can be primed and illustrate the biochemical and molecular changes, including chromatin modification leading to stress memory, with major focus on thermo-priming. Alteration in various hormones and their subsequent role during and after priming under various stress conditions imposed by changing climate conditions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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33
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The Functional Interplay between Ethylene, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Sulfur in Plant Heat Stress Tolerance. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050678. [PMID: 35625606 PMCID: PMC9138313 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants encounter several abiotic stresses, among which heat stress is gaining paramount attention because of the changing climatic conditions. Severe heat stress conspicuously reduces crop productivity through changes in metabolic processes and in growth and development. Ethylene and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are signaling molecules involved in defense against heat stress through modulation of biomolecule synthesis, the antioxidant system, and post-translational modifications. Other compounds containing the essential mineral nutrient sulfur (S) also play pivotal roles in these defense mechanisms. As biosynthesis of ethylene and H2S is connected to the S-assimilation pathway, it is logical to consider the existence of a functional interplay between ethylene, H2S, and S in relation to heat stress tolerance. The present review focuses on the crosstalk between ethylene, H2S, and S to highlight their joint involvement in heat stress tolerance.
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34
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Li A, Sun X, Liu L. Action of Salicylic Acid on Plant Growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:878076. [PMID: 35574112 PMCID: PMC9093677 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.878076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) not only is a well-known signal molecule mediating plant immunity, but also is involved in plant growth regulation. However, while its role in plant immunity has been well elucidated, its action on plant growth has not been clearly described to date. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that SA plays crucial roles in regulating cell division and cell expansion, the key processes that determines the final stature of plant. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the action and molecular mechanisms through which SA regulates plant growth via multiple pathways. It is here highlighted that SA mediates growth regulation by affecting cell division and expansion. In addition, the interactions of SA with other hormones and their role in plant growth determination were also discussed. Further understanding of the mechanism underlying SA-mediated growth will be instrumental for future crop improvement.
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35
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Effects of Elevated Temperature and Salicylic Acid on Heat Shock Response and Growth of Potato Microplants. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Potato is a globally important, highly heat-susceptible crop species. We investigated the effects of prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures and exogenous salicylic acid (SA) on microplant growth and heat-shock response (HSR) in three unrelated potato genotypes/cultivars. Long-term exposure to 29 °C (mild heat stress) caused a significant reduction in the number of surviving explants and shoot morphometric parameters in heat-sensitive genotypes, while exposure to 26 °C (warming) caused only a decline in shoot growth. Interestingly, 26 °C-temperature treatment stimulated root growth in some investigated genotypes, indicating a difference between favorable temperatures for potato shoot and root growth. SA showed a protective effect regarding potato shoot growth at 26 °C. At 29 °C, this effect was genotype-dependent. SA did not affect the number of roots and inhibited root elongation at all temperature treatments, indicating the difference between shoot and root responses to applied SA concentration. Although HSR is mainly considered rapid and short-lived, elevated transcript levels of most investigated HSFs and HSPs were detected after three weeks of heat stress. Besides, two StHSFs and StHSP21 showed elevated expression at 26 °C, indicating extreme potato heat-susceptibility and significance of HSR during prolonged warming. SA effects on HSFs and HSPs expression were minor and alterable.
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36
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Jansma SY, Sergeeva LI, Tikunov YM, Kohlen W, Ligterink W, Rieu I. Low Salicylic Acid Level Improves Pollen Development Under Long-Term Mild Heat Conditions in Tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:828743. [PMID: 35481151 PMCID: PMC9036445 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.828743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to high temperatures leads to failure in pollen development, which may have significant implications for food security with ongoing climate change. We hypothesized that the stress response-associated hormone salicylic acid (SA) affects pollen tolerance to long-term mild heat (LTMH) (≥14 days exposure to day-/nighttime temperature of 30-34/24-28°C, depending on the genotype), either positively, by inducing acclimation, or negatively, by reducing investment in reproductive development. Here, we investigated these hypotheses assessing the pollen thermotolerance of a 35S:nahG tomato line, which has low SA levels. We found that reducing the SA level resulted in increased pollen viability of plants grown in LTMH and further characterized this line by transcriptome, carbohydrate, and hormone analyses. Low expression of JAZ genes in 35S:nahG and LTMH hypersensitivity of low-jasmonic acid (JA) genotypes together suggest that the increased pollen thermotolerance in the low-SA line involves enhanced JA signal in developing anthers in LTMH. These findings have potential application in the development of more thermotolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Y. Jansma
- Plant Systems Physiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lidiya I. Sergeeva
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Yury M. Tikunov
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Wouter Kohlen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Wilco Ligterink
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ivo Rieu
- Plant Systems Physiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Poór P, Nawaz K, Gupta R, Ashfaque F, Khan MIR. Ethylene involvement in the regulation of heat stress tolerance in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:675-698. [PMID: 33713206 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02675-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Because of the rise in global temperature, heat stress has become a major concern for crop production. Heat stress deteriorates plant productivity and alters phenological and physiological responses that aid in precise monitoring and sensing of mild-to-severe transient heat stress. Plants have evolved several sophisticated mechanisms including hormone-signaling pathways to sense heat stimuli and acquire heat stress tolerance. In response to heat stress, ethylene, a gaseous hormone, is produced which is indispensable for plant growth and development and tolerance to various abiotic stresses including heat stress. The manipulation of ethylene in developing heat stress tolerance targeting ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathways has brought promising out comes. Conversely increased ethylene biosynthesis and signaling seem to exhibit inhibitory effects in plant growth responses from primitive to maturity stages. This review mainly focuses on the recent studies of ethylene involvement in plant responses to heat stress and its functional regulation, and molecular mechanism underlying the plant responses in the mitigation of heat-induced damages. Furthermore, this review also describes the crosstalk between ethylene and other signaling molecules under heat stress and approaches to improve heat stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kashif Nawaz
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Farha Ashfaque
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Lal MK, Tiwari RK, Gahlaut V, Mangal V, Kumar A, Singh MP, Paul V, Kumar S, Singh B, Zinta G. Physiological and molecular insights on wheat responses to heat stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:501-518. [PMID: 34542670 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Increasing temperature is a key component of global climate change, affecting crop growth and productivity worldwide. Wheat is a major cereal crop grown in various parts of the globe, which is affected severely by heat stress. The morphological parameters affected include germination, seedling establishment, source-sink activity, leaf area, shoot and root growth. The physiological parameters such as photosynthesis, respiration, leaf senescence, water and nutrient relation are also affected by heat. At the cellular level, heat stress leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species that disrupt the membrane system of thylakoid, chloroplast and plasma membrane. The deactivation of the photosystem, reduction in photosynthesis and inactivation of rubisco affect the production of photoassimilates and their allocation. This ultimately affects anthesis, grain filling, size, number and maturity of wheat grains, which hamper crop productivity. The interplay of various systems comprising antioxidants and hormones plays a crucial role in imparting heat stress tolerance in wheat. Thus, implementation of various omics technologies could foster in-depth insights on heat stress effects, eventually devising heat stress mitigation strategies by conventional and modern breeding to develop heat-tolerant wheat varieties. This review provides an integrative view of heat stress responses in wheat and also discusses approaches to develop heat-tolerant wheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Gahlaut
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Mangal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Madan Pal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Paul
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Brajesh Singh
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Gaurav Zinta
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Rudić J, Dragićević MB, Momčilović I, Simonović AD, Pantelić D. In Silico Study of Superoxide Dismutase Gene Family in Potato and Effects of Elevated Temperature and Salicylic Acid on Gene Expression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030488. [PMID: 35326138 PMCID: PMC8944489 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the most important vegetable crop globally and is very susceptible to high ambient temperatures. Since heat stress causes the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), investigations regarding major enzymatic components of the antioxidative system are of the essence. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) represent the first line of defense against ROS but detailed in silico analysis and characterization of the potato SOD gene family have not been performed thus far. We have analyzed eight functional SOD genes, three StCuZnSODs, one StMnSOD, and four StFeSODs, annotated in the updated version of potato genome (Spud DB DM v6.1). The StSOD genes and their respective proteins were analyzed in silico to determine the exon-intron organization, splice variants, cis-regulatory promoter elements, conserved domains, signals for subcellular targeting, 3D-structures, and phylogenetic relations. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed higher induction of StCuZnSODs (the major potato SODs) and StFeSOD3 in thermotolerant cultivar Désirée than in thermosensitive Agria and Kennebec during long-term exposure to elevated temperature. StMnSOD was constitutively expressed, while expression of StFeSODs was cultivar-dependent. The effects of salicylic acid (10−5 M) on StSODs expression were minor. Our results provide the basis for further research on StSODs and their regulation in potato, particularly in response to elevated temperatures.
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40
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Mecha E, Erny GL, Guerreiro ACL, Feliciano RP, Barbosa I, Bento da Silva A, Leitão ST, Veloso MM, Rubiales D, Rodriguez-Mateos A, Figueira ME, Vaz Patto MC, Bronze MR. Metabolomics profile responses to changing environments in a common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm collection. Food Chem 2022; 370:131003. [PMID: 34543920 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is one of the most powerful -omics to assist plant breeding. Despite the recognized genetic diversity in Portuguese common bean germplasm, details on its metabolomics profiles are still missing. Aiming to promote their use and to understand the environment's effect in bean metabolomics profiles, 107 Portuguese common bean accessions, cropped under contrasting environments, were analyzed using spectrophotometric, untargeted and targeted mass spectrometry approaches. Although genotype was the most relevant factor on bean metabolomics profile, a clear genotype × environment interaction was also detected. Multivariate analysis highlighted, on the heat-stress environment, the existence of higher levels of salicylic acid, and lower levels of triterpene saponins. Three clusters were defined within each environment. White accessions presented the lowest content and the colored ones the highest levels of prenol lipids and flavonoids. Sources of interesting metabolomics profiles are now identified for bean breeding, focusing either on local or on broad adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Mecha
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Av. da República, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Guillaume L Erny
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200 - 465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana C L Guerreiro
- UniMS - Mass Spectrometry Unit, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; UniMS - Mass Spectrometry Unit, iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Rodrigo P Feliciano
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Inês Barbosa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Andreia Bento da Silva
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Susana T Leitão
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Maria Manuela Veloso
- INIAV, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Diego Rubiales
- IAS, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, SE1 9NH London, UK.
| | - Maria Eduardo Figueira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Maria Carlota Vaz Patto
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Maria Rosário Bronze
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Av. da República, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Nitric Oxide and Abscisic Acid Mediate Heat Stress Tolerance through Regulation of Osmolytes and Antioxidants to Protect Photosynthesis and Growth in Wheat Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020372. [PMID: 35204254 PMCID: PMC8869392 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and abscisic acid (ABA) play a significant role to combat abiotic stress. Application of 100 µM sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor) or ABA alleviated heat stress effects on photosynthesis and growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants exposed to 40 °C for 6 h every day for 15 days. We have shown that ABA and NO synergistically interact to reduce the heat stress effects on photosynthesis and growth via reducing the content of H2O2 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as well as maximizing osmolytes production and the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes. The inhibition of NO and ABA using c-PTIO (2-4 carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide) and fluridone (Flu), respectively, reduced the osmolyte and antioxidant metabolism and heat stress tolerance. The inhibition of NO significantly reduced the ABA-induced osmolytes and antioxidant metabolism, exhibiting that the function of ABA in the alleviation of heat stress was NO dependent and can be enhanced with NO supplementation.Thus, regulating the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes together with osmolytes production could act as a possible strategy for heat tolerance.
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Teng W, He X, Tong Y. Genetic Control of Efficient Nitrogen Use for High Yield and Grain Protein Concentration in Wheat: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040492. [PMID: 35214826 PMCID: PMC8878021 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The increasing global population and the negative effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizers on the environment challenge wheat breeding to maximize yield potential and grain protein concentration (GPC) in an economically and environmentally friendly manner. Understanding the molecular mechanisms for the response of yield components to N availability and assimilates allocation to grains provides the opportunity to increase wheat yield and GPC simultaneously. This review summarized quantitative trait loci/genes which can increase spikes and grain number by enhancing N uptake and assimilation at relative early growth stage, and 1000-grain weight and GPC by increasing post-anthesis N uptake and N allocation to grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Teng
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (W.T.); (X.H.)
| | - Xue He
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (W.T.); (X.H.)
| | - Yiping Tong
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (W.T.); (X.H.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-64806556
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43
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Salicylic Acid Manipulates Ion Accumulation and Distribution in Favor of Salinity Tolerance in Chenopodium quinoa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031576. [PMID: 35162599 PMCID: PMC8834976 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Although the effects of salicylic acid (SA) on increasing plant growth in saline conditions have been well known, the mechanisms of induction of salinity tolerance, especially in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), are not fully understood. In the present work, two quinoa genotypes (Titicaca and Giza1) were treated with different SA concentrations (0, 0.75, and 1.5 mM) under varied irrigation water salinities (0, 7, 14, and 21 dS m−1). Salinity decreased shoot and root growth, potassium (K+) concentration, and potassium to sodium ratio (K/Na) and increased sodium (Na+) and chlorine (Cl−) concentrations in both cultivars. Calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) concentrations increased in 7 dS m−1 but decreased in higher salinities. The growth and salinity tolerance of Giza1 were higher, while the growth of Giza1 increased and of Titicaca decreased in high salinity. Salicylic acid at 0.75-mM concentration increased shoot and root growth and improved the ions concentration in favor of the plant, while the 1.5-mM concentration either had no significant effect or had a negative impact. The ions distribution estimated by K/Na selectivity and storage factor (SF) indicated quinoa accumulated more ions in roots under saline conditions. Salicylic acid increased NaSF, ClSF, and MgSF and decreased KSF and CaSF, meaning less Na+, Cl−, and Mg2+ and more K+ and Ca2+ transferred to shoots in SA-treated plants. Importantly, Giza1, as the more tolerant cultivar, had higher NaSF and ClSF and lower KSF, CaSF, and MgSF. In general, the concentrations of ions in roots were higher than in shoots. The results indicated more ions accumulation in the root could be one of the most important mechanisms of salinity tolerance in quinoa, and the more tolerant cultivar (Giza1) transferred less Na+ and Cl− and more K+ and Ca2+ and Mg2+ to the shoot.
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Damalas CA, Koutroubas SD. Exogenous application of salicylic acid for regulation of sunflower growth under abiotic stress: a systematic review. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Changing Temperature Conditions during Somatic Embryo Maturation Result in Pinus pinaster Plants with Altered Response to Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031318. [PMID: 35163242 PMCID: PMC8835971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Under the global warming scenario, obtaining plant material with improved tolerance to abiotic stresses is a challenge for afforestation programs. In this work, maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) plants were produced from somatic embryos matured at different temperatures (18, 23, or 28 °C, named after M18, M23, and M28, respectively) and after 2 years in the greenhouse a heat stress treatment (45 °C for 3 h/day for 10 days) was applied. Temperature variation during embryo development resulted in altered phenotypes (leaf histology, proline content, photosynthetic rates, and hormone profile) before and after stress. The thickness of chlorenchyma was initially larger in M28 plants, but was significantly reduced after heat stress, while increased in M18 plants. Irrespective of their origin, when these plants were subjected to a heat treatment, relative water content (RWC) and photosynthetic carbon assimilation rates were not significantly affected, although M18 plants increased net photosynthesis rate after 10 days recovery (tR). M18 plants showed proline contents that increased dramatically (2.4-fold) when subjected to heat stress, while proline contents remained unaffected in M23 and M28 plants. Heat stress significantly increased abscisic acid (ABA) content in the needles of maritime pine plants (1.4-, 3.6- and 1.9-fold in M18, M23, and M28 plants, respectively), while indole-3-acetic acid content only increased in needles from M23 plants. After the heat treatment, the total cytokinin contents of needles decreased significantly, particularly in M18 and M28 plants, although levels of active forms (cytokinin bases) did not change in M18 plants. In conclusion, our results suggest that maturation of maritime pine somatic embryos at lower temperature resulted in plants with better performance when subjected to subsequent high temperature stress, as demonstrated by faster and higher proline increase, lower increases in ABA levels, no reduction in active cytokinin, and a better net photosynthesis rate recovery.
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Gautam H, Fatma M, Sehar Z, Iqbal N, Albaqami M, Khan NA. Exogenously-Sourced Ethylene Positively Modulates Photosynthesis, Carbohydrate Metabolism, and Antioxidant Defense to Enhance Heat Tolerance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031031. [PMID: 35162955 PMCID: PMC8835467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of exogenously-applied ethylene sourced from ethephon (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid)was studied on photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and high-temperature stress tolerance in Taipei-309 and Rasi cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Heat stress increased the content of H2O2 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)more in Rasi than Taipei-309. Further, a significant decline in sucrose, starch, and carbohydrate metabolism enzyme activity and photosynthesis was also observed in response to heat stress. The application of ethephon reduced H2O2 and TBARS content by enhancing the enzymatic antioxidant defense system and improved carbohydrate metabolism, photosynthesis, and growth more conspicuously in Taipei-309 under heat stress. The ethephon application enhanced photosynthesis by up-regulating the psbA and psbB genes of photosystem II in heat-stressed plants. Interestingly, foliar application of ethephoneffectively down-regulated high-temperature-stress-induced elevated ethylene biosynthesis gene expression. Overall, ethephon application optimized ethylene levels under high-temperature stress to regulate the antioxidant enzymatic system and carbohydrate metabolism, reducing the adverse effects on photosynthesis. These findings suggest that ethylene regulates photosynthesis via carbohydrate metabolism and the antioxidant system, thereby influencing high-temperature stress tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Gautam
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (H.G.); (M.F.); (Z.S.)
| | - Mehar Fatma
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (H.G.); (M.F.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zebus Sehar
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (H.G.); (M.F.); (Z.S.)
| | - Noushina Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (N.A.K.)
| | - Nafees A. Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (H.G.); (M.F.); (Z.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (N.A.K.)
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Dong Q, Duan D, Zheng W, Huang D, Wang Q, Yang J, Liu C, Li C, Gong X, Li C, Ma F, Mao K. Overexpression of MdVQ37 reduces drought tolerance by altering leaf anatomy and SA homeostasis in transgenic apple. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:160-174. [PMID: 34328189 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is an environmental factor that seriously threatens plant growth, development and yield. VQ proteins are transcriptional regulators that have been reported to be involved in plant growth, development and the responses to biotic and abiotic stressors. However, the relationship between VQ proteins and drought stress has not been well documented in plants. In this study, overexpressing the apple VQ motif-containing protein (MdVQ37) gene in apple plants markedly reduced the tolerance to drought. Physiological and biochemical studies further demonstrated lower enzymatic activities and decreased photosynthetic capacity in transgenic lines compared with wild-type (WT) plants under drought stress. Ultrastructural analysis of leaves showed that the leaves and palisade tissues from the transgenic lines were significantly thinner than those from WT plants. Salicylic acid (SA) analysis indicated that overexpression of MdVQ37 increased the accumulation of 2,5-DHBA by up-regulating the expression of the SA catabolic gene, which ultimately resulted to a significant reduction in endogenous SA content and the disruption of the SA-dependent signaling pathway under drought stress. Applying SA partially increased the survival rate of the transgenic lines under drought stress. These results demonstrate that the regulatory function of apple MdVQ37 is implicated in drought stress, through a change in leaf development and SA homeostasis. This study provides novel insight into understanding the multiple functions of VQ proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Dingyue Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Wenqian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Dong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Changhai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Cuiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Ke Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
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Nakamura S, Satoh A, Aizawa M, Ohtsubo K. Characteristics of Physicochemical Properties of Chalky Grains of Japonica Rice Generated by High Temperature during Ripening. Foods 2021; 11:foods11010097. [PMID: 35010222 PMCID: PMC8750872 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming has caused devastating damage to starch biosynthesis, which has led to the increase in chalky grains of rice. This study was conducted to characterize the qualities of chalky rice grains and to develop the estimation formulae for their quality damage degree. We evaluated the chalkiness of 40 Japonica rice samples harvested in 2019, in Japan. Seven samples with a high ratio of chalky rice grains were selected and divided into two groups (whole grain and chalky grain). As a results of the various physicochemical measurements, it was shown that the surface layer hardness (H1) of cooked rice grains from chalky grains was significantly lower, and their overall hardness was significantly lower than those from the whole grains. In addition, α- and β-amylase activities, and sugar contents of the chalky rice grains were significantly higher than those of the whole rice grains. The developed estimation formula for the degree of retrogradation of H1 based on the α-amylase activities and pasting properties, showed correlation coefficients of 0.84 and 0.81 in the calibration and validation tests, respectively. This result presents the formula that could be used to estimate and to characterize the cooking properties of the rice samples ripened under high temperature.
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Chen H, Bullock DA, Alonso JM, Stepanova AN. To Fight or to Grow: The Balancing Role of Ethylene in Plant Abiotic Stress Responses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:plants11010033. [PMID: 35009037 PMCID: PMC8747122 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants often live in adverse environmental conditions and are exposed to various stresses, such as heat, cold, heavy metals, salt, radiation, poor lighting, nutrient deficiency, drought, or flooding. To adapt to unfavorable environments, plants have evolved specialized molecular mechanisms that serve to balance the trade-off between abiotic stress responses and growth. These mechanisms enable plants to continue to develop and reproduce even under adverse conditions. Ethylene, as a key growth regulator, is leveraged by plants to mitigate the negative effects of some of these stresses on plant development and growth. By cooperating with other hormones, such as jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), brassinosteroids (BR), auxin, gibberellic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA), and cytokinin (CK), ethylene triggers defense and survival mechanisms thereby coordinating plant growth and development in response to abiotic stresses. This review describes the crosstalk between ethylene and other plant hormones in tipping the balance between plant growth and abiotic stress responses.
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50
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Exogenous salicylic acid-induced drought stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under hydroponic culture. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260556. [PMID: 34928959 PMCID: PMC8687576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is an important cereal crop, which is adversely affected by water deficit stress. The effect of induced stress can be reduced by the application of salicylic acid (SA). With the objective to combat drought stress in wheat, an experiment was conducted in greenhouse under hydroponic conditions. The treatments consisted of (a) no drought (DD0 = 0 MPa), mild drought (DD1 = -0.40 MPa) and severe drought (DD2 = -0.60 MPa) by applying PEG-8000, (b) two contrasting wheat varieties Barani-17 (drought tolerant) and Anaj-17 (drought-sensitive), and (c) foliar treatments of salicylic acid (0, 50 mM, 75 mM, and 100 mM). Evaluation of wheat plants regarding biochemical, physiological, and morphological attributes were rendered after harvesting of plants. Statistically, maximum shoot and root fresh and dry weights (18.77, 11.15 and 1.99, 1.81 g, respectively) were recorded in cultivar Barani-17 under no drought condition with the application of SA (100 mM). While, minimum shoot and root fresh and dry weights (6.65, 3.14 and 0.73, 0.61 g, respectively) were recorded in cultivar Anaj-2017 under mild drought stress without SA application. The maximum shoot length (68.0 cm) was observed in cultivar Barani-2017 under no drought condition with the application of SA (100 mM). While, maximum root length (59.67 cm) was recorded in cultivar Anaj-17 under moderate drought stress without application of SA. Further, minimum shoot length (28.67 cm) was recorded in Anaj-17 under moderate drought stress without SA application. Minimum root length (38.67 cm) was recorded in cultivar Barani-17 under no drought condition without SA application. Furthermore, maximum physio-biochemical traits, including membrane stability index (MSI), chlorophyl content, photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance, antioxidant enzymatic activities and relative water content (RWC) were found highest in cultivar Barani-17 under no drought stress and SA application at 100 mM. However, minimum values of these traits were recorded in cultivar Anaj-17 under severe drought stress without SA application. Our results also demonstrated that under severe drought, application of SA at 100 mM significantly increased leaf nitrogen (N), phosphrus (P) and potassium (K) contents and cultivar Barani-17 demonstrated significantly higher values than Anaj-17. The obtained results also indicated that the cultivation of wheat under drought stress conditions noticeably declines the morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes of the plants. However, the exogenous application of SA had a positive impact on wheat crop for enhancing its productivity.
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