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Marrero AD, Quesada AR, Martínez-Poveda B, Medina MÁ. Anti-Cancer, Anti-Angiogenic, and Anti-Atherogenic Potential of Key Phenolic Compounds from Virgin Olive Oil. Nutrients 2024; 16:1283. [PMID: 38732529 PMCID: PMC11085358 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet, renowned for its health benefits, especially in reducing cardiovascular risks and protecting against diseases like diabetes and cancer, emphasizes virgin olive oil as a key contributor to these advantages. Despite being a minor fraction, the phenolic compounds in olive oil significantly contribute to its bioactive effects. This review examines the bioactive properties of hydroxytyrosol and related molecules, including naturally occurring compounds (-)-oleocanthal and (-)-oleacein, as well as semisynthetic derivatives like hydroxytyrosyl esters and alkyl ethers. (-)-Oleocanthal and (-)-oleacein show promising anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties, which are particularly underexplored in the case of (-)-oleacein. Additionally, hydroxytyrosyl esters exhibit similar effectiveness to hydroxytyrosol, while certain alkyl ethers surpass their precursor's properties. Remarkably, the emerging research field of the effects of phenolic molecules related to virgin olive oil on cell autophagy presents significant opportunities for underscoring the anti-cancer and neuroprotective properties of these molecules. Furthermore, promising clinical data from studies on hydroxytyrosol, (-)-oleacein, and (-)-oleocanthal urge further investigation and support the initiation of clinical trials with semisynthetic hydroxytyrosol derivatives. This review provides valuable insights into the potential applications of olive oil-derived phenolics in preventing and managing diseases associated with cancer, angiogenesis, and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Dácil Marrero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana R. Quesada
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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Filardo S, Roberto M, Di Risola D, Mosca L, Di Pietro M, Sessa R. Olea europaea L-derived secoiridoids: Beneficial health effects and potential therapeutic approaches. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 254:108595. [PMID: 38301769 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, health challenges have become increasingly complex and global and, at the beginning of the 21st century, chronic diseases, including cardiovascular, neurological, and chronic respiratory diseases, as well as cancer and diabetes, have been identified by World Health Organization as one of the biggest threats to human health. Recently, antimicrobial resistance has also emerged as a growing problem of public health for the management of infectious diseases. In this scenario, the exploration of natural products as supplementation or alternative therapeutic options is acquiring great importance, and, among them, the olive tree, Olea europaea L, specifically leaves, fruits, and oil, has been increasingly investigated for its health promoting properties. Traditionally, these properties have been largely attributed to the high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids, although, in recent years, beneficial effects have also been associated to other components, particularly polyphenols. Among them, the most interesting group is represented by Olea europaea L secoiridoids, comprising oleuropein, oleocanthal, oleacein, and ligstroside, which display anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and anticancer activities. This review provides an overview of the multiple health beneficial effects, the molecular mechanisms, and the potential applications of secoiridoids from Olea europaea L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Filardo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mattioli Roberto
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Di Risola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marisa Di Pietro
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Sessa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Huang Y, Guan Q, Zhang Z, Wang P, Li C. Oleacein: A comprehensive review of its extraction, purification, absorption, metabolism, and health effects. Food Chem 2024; 433:137334. [PMID: 37660602 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease in high-risk groups and the polyphenols in EVOO play an important health effect on it. As one of the most abundant polyphenols in EVOO, oleacein (OLEA) has many health benefits. However, there is no review article that focus comprehensively on OLEA, and most articles have limited data and information on OLEA. The purpose of this review is to summarize the results of all available studies, to present and compare the main traditional and novel techniques for the extraction and isolation and purification of OLEA, to elucidate the absorption and metabolic pathways of OLEA, and finally, to illustrate the health-promoting properties. Hopefully, this review can promote the use of OLEA in functional foods and therapeutic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingyun Guan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhuoya Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Pengxiang Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
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González-Rodríguez M, Ait Edjoudi D, Cordero-Barreal A, Farrag M, Varela-García M, Torrijos-Pulpón C, Ruiz-Fernández C, Capuozzo M, Ottaiano A, Lago F, Pino J, Farrag Y, Gualillo O. Oleocanthal, an Antioxidant Phenolic Compound in Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO): A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Its Potential in Inflammation and Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2112. [PMID: 38136231 PMCID: PMC10741130 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet is linked to various health benefits, especially the consumption of olive oil as a key component. Multiple studies highlight its advantages, particularly due to its fatty acid composition and additional components like phenolic compounds. A significant antioxidant compound, oleocanthal, known for its antioxidant properties, has gained attention in the pharmaceutical industry for its anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. It shows promise in addressing cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, and neuroprotection. This systematic review aims to evaluate the existing literature on oleocanthal, examining its role in biological processes and potential impact on conditions like inflammation and cancer. METHODS We performed several searches in PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science (WOS), and Cochrane based on the terms "Oleocanthal", "Cancer", and "Inflammation". The inclusion criteria were as follows: studies whose main topics were oleocanthal and cancer or inflammation. On the other hand, the exclusion criteria were studies that were not focused on oleocanthal, reviews, or editorial material. Given that these findings are explanatory rather than derived from clinical trials, we refrained from employing methods to assess potential bias. This systematic review did not receive any external funding. RESULTS We found 174 records from these searches, where we discarded reviews and editorial material, duplicated articles, and 1 retracted article. Finally, we had 53 reports assessed for eligibility that were included in this review. DISCUSSION OC exhibits promising therapeutic potential against both inflammation and cancer. We addressed its ability to target inflammatory genes and pathways, offering potential treatments for conditions like rheumatic diseases by regulating pathways such as NF-kB and MAPK. Additionally, OC's anticancer properties, particularly its notable inhibition of c-Met signaling across various cancers, highlight its efficacy, showcasing promise as a potential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María González-Rodríguez
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (D.A.E.); (A.C.-B.); (M.F.); (M.V.-G.); (C.T.-P.); (C.R.-F.); (O.G.)
- International PhD School of the University of Santiago de Compostela (EDIUS), Doctoral Program in Drug Research and Development, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Djedjiga Ait Edjoudi
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (D.A.E.); (A.C.-B.); (M.F.); (M.V.-G.); (C.T.-P.); (C.R.-F.); (O.G.)
| | - Alfonso Cordero-Barreal
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (D.A.E.); (A.C.-B.); (M.F.); (M.V.-G.); (C.T.-P.); (C.R.-F.); (O.G.)
| | - Mariam Farrag
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (D.A.E.); (A.C.-B.); (M.F.); (M.V.-G.); (C.T.-P.); (C.R.-F.); (O.G.)
| | - María Varela-García
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (D.A.E.); (A.C.-B.); (M.F.); (M.V.-G.); (C.T.-P.); (C.R.-F.); (O.G.)
| | - Carlos Torrijos-Pulpón
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (D.A.E.); (A.C.-B.); (M.F.); (M.V.-G.); (C.T.-P.); (C.R.-F.); (O.G.)
| | - Clara Ruiz-Fernández
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (D.A.E.); (A.C.-B.); (M.F.); (M.V.-G.); (C.T.-P.); (C.R.-F.); (O.G.)
| | - Maurizio Capuozzo
- National Health Service, Local Health Authority ASL 3 Napoli Sud, Department of Pharmacy, 80056 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Ottaiano
- Division of Abdominal Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale-IRCCS di Napoli, Ercolano, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francisca Lago
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Group, SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Research Laboratory 7, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Jesús Pino
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (D.A.E.); (A.C.-B.); (M.F.); (M.V.-G.); (C.T.-P.); (C.R.-F.); (O.G.)
| | - Yousof Farrag
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (D.A.E.); (A.C.-B.); (M.F.); (M.V.-G.); (C.T.-P.); (C.R.-F.); (O.G.)
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (D.A.E.); (A.C.-B.); (M.F.); (M.V.-G.); (C.T.-P.); (C.R.-F.); (O.G.)
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5
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Infante R, Infante M, Pastore D, Pacifici F, Chiereghin F, Malatesta G, Donadel G, Tesauro M, Della-Morte D. An Appraisal of the Oleocanthal-Rich Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) and Its Potential Anticancer and Neuroprotective Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17323. [PMID: 38139152 PMCID: PMC10744258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary consumption of olive oil represents a key pillar of the Mediterranean diet, which has been shown to exert beneficial effects on human health, such as the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases like cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, among others. These health benefits are partly mediated by the high-quality extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), which is produced mostly in Mediterranean countries and is directly made from olives, the fruit of the olive tree (Olea europaea L.). Preclinical evidence supports the existence of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties exerted by the polyphenol oleocanthal, which belongs to the EVOO minor polar compound subclass of secoiridoids (like oleuropein). This narrative review aims to describe the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of oleocanthal, as well as the potential anticancer and neuroprotective actions of this polyphenol. Based on recent evidence, we also discuss the reasons underlying the need to include the concentrations of oleocanthal and other polyphenols in the EVOO's nutrition facts label. Finally, we report our personal experience in the production of a certified organic EVOO with a "Protected Designation of Origin" (PDO), which was obtained from olives of three different cultivars (Rotondella, Frantoio, and Leccino) harvested in geographical areas located a short distance from one another (villages' names: Gorga and Camella) within the Southern Italy "Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni National Park" of the Campania Region (Province of Salerno, Italy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Infante
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy; (R.I.); (D.P.); (D.D.-M.)
| | - Marco Infante
- Section of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, UniCamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Pastore
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy; (R.I.); (D.P.); (D.D.-M.)
| | - Francesca Pacifici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (G.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Francesca Chiereghin
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy; (R.I.); (D.P.); (D.D.-M.)
| | - Gina Malatesta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (G.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Giulia Donadel
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (G.M.); (M.T.)
| | - David Della-Morte
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy; (R.I.); (D.P.); (D.D.-M.)
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (G.M.); (M.T.)
- Department of Neurology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Karousi P, Kontos CK, Papakotsi P, Kostakis IK, Skaltsounis AL, Scorilas A. Next-generation sequencing reveals altered gene expression and enriched pathways in triple-negative breast cancer cells treated with oleuropein and oleocanthal. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:299. [PMID: 37707691 PMCID: PMC10501944 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer characterized by poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Oleuropein and oleocanthal are bioactive chemicals found in extra-virgin olive oil; they have been shown to have anti-cancer potential. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of these two natural compounds, on MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cell lines. The human TNBC MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines were treated with oleuropein or oleocanthal at ranging concentrations for 48 h. After determining the optimum concentration to reach IC50, using the sulforhodamine B assay, total RNA was extracted after 12, 24, and 48 h from treated and untreated cells. Poly(A)-RNA selection was conducted, followed by library construction and RNA sequencing. Differential gene expression (DEG) analysis was performed to identify DEGs between treated and untreated cells. Pathway analysis was carried out using the KEGG and GO databases. Oleuropein and oleocanthal considerably reduced the proliferation of TNBC cells, with oleocanthal having a slightly stronger effect than oleuropein. Furthermore, multi-time series RNA sequencing showed that the expression profile of TNBC cells was significantly altered after treatment with these compounds, with temporal dynamics and groups of genes consistently affected at all time points. Pathway analysis revealed several significant pathways associated with TNBC, including cell death, apoptotic process, programmed cell death, response to stress, mitotic cell cycle process, cell division, and cancer progression. Our findings suggest that oleuropein and oleocanthal have potential therapeutic benefits for TNBC and can be further investigated as alternative treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Karousi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos K Kontos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | | | - Ioannis K Kostakis
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Division of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Andreo-López MC, Contreras-Bolívar V, Muñoz-Torres M, García-Fontana B, García-Fontana C. Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36901921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The life expectancy of the global population has increased. Aging is a natural physiological process that poses major challenges in an increasingly long-lived and frail population. Several molecular mechanisms are involved in aging. Likewise, the gut microbiota, which is influenced by environmental factors such as diet, plays a crucial role in the modulation of these mechanisms. The Mediterranean diet, as well as the components present in it, offer some proof of this. Achieving healthy aging should be focused on the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits that reduce the development of pathologies that are associated with aging, in order to increase the quality of life of the aging population. In this review we analyze the influence of the Mediterranean diet on the molecular pathways and the microbiota associated with more favorable aging patterns, as well as its possible role as an anti-aging treatment.
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Papakonstantinou A, Koumarianou P, Rigakou A, Diamantakos P, Frakolaki E, Vassilaki N, Chavdoula E, Melliou E, Magiatis P, Boleti H. New Affordable Methods for Large-Scale Isolation of Major Olive Secoiridoids and Systematic Comparative Study of Their Antiproliferative/Cytotoxic Effect on Multiple Cancer Cell Lines of Different Cancer Origins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010003. [PMID: 36613449 PMCID: PMC9820430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive oil phenols (OOPs) are associated with the prevention of many human cancers. Some of these have been shown to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. However, no systematic comparative study exists for all the investigated compounds under the same conditions, due to difficulties in their isolation or synthesis. Herein are presented innovative methods for large-scale selective extraction of six major secoiridoids from olive oil or leaves enabling their detailed investigation. The cytotoxic/antiproliferative bioactivity of these six compounds was evaluated on sixteen human cancer cell lines originating from eight different tissues. Cell viability with half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) was evaluated after 72 h treatments. Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects were also assessed for the most bioactive compounds (EC50 ≤ 50 μM). Oleocanthal (1) showed the strongest antiproliferative/cytotoxic activity in most cancer cell lines (EC50: 9−20 μM). The relative effectiveness of the six OOPs was: oleocanthal (1) > oleuropein aglycone (3a,b) > ligstroside aglycone (4a,b) > oleacein (2) > oleomissional (6a,b,c) > oleocanthalic acid (7). This is the first detailed study comparing the bioactivity of six OOPs in such a wide array of cancer cell lines, providing a reference for their relative antiproliferative/cytotoxic effect in the investigated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Papakonstantinou
- Intracellular Parasitism Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Petrina Koumarianou
- Intracellular Parasitism Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
- Light Microscopy Unit, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Aimilia Rigakou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Diamantakos
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Efseveia Frakolaki
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Niki Vassilaki
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Chavdoula
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eleni Melliou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
- World Olive Center for Health, Imittou 76, 11634 Athens, Greece
| | - Prokopios Magiatis
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (H.B.); Tel.: +30-210-7274052 (P.M.); +30-210-6478879 (H.B.)
| | - Haralabia Boleti
- Intracellular Parasitism Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
- Light Microscopy Unit, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (H.B.); Tel.: +30-210-7274052 (P.M.); +30-210-6478879 (H.B.)
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9
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Costa M, Costa V, Lopes M, Paiva-Martins F. A biochemical perspective on the fate of virgin olive oil phenolic compounds in vivo. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1403-1428. [PMID: 36094444 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2116558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of the phenolic compounds found in virgin olive oil (VOO) is very complex due, not only to the different classes of polyphenols that can be found in it, but, above all, due to the existence of a very specific phenol class found only in oleaceae plants: the secoiridoids. Searching in the Scopus data base the keywords flavonoid, phenolic acid, lignin and secoiridoid, we can find a number of 148174, 79435, 11326 and 1392 research articles respectively, showing how little is devote to the latter class of compounds. Moreover, in contrast with other classes, that include only phenolic compounds, secoiridoids may include phenolic and non-phenolic compounds, being the articles concerning phenolic secoiridoids much less than the half of the abovementioned articles. Therefore, it is important to clarify the structures of these compounds and their chemistry, as this knowledge will help understand their bioactivity and metabolism studies, usually performed by researchers with a more health science's related background. In this review, all the structures found in many research articles concerning VOO phenolic compounds chemistry and metabolism was gathered, with a special attention devoted to the secoiridoids, the main phenolic compound class found in olives, VOO and olive leaf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vânia Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Lopes
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Paiva-Martins
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Peri S, Ruzzolini J, Urciuoli S, Versienti G, Biagioni A, Andreucci E, Peppicelli S, Bianchini F, Bottari A, Calorini L, Nediani C, Magnelli L, Papucci L. An Oleocanthal-Enriched EVO Oil Extract Induces the ROS Production in Gastric Cancer Cells and Potentiates the Effect of Chemotherapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091762. [PMID: 36139836 PMCID: PMC9495378 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleocanthal, a minor polar compound in extra-virgin olive (EVO) oil, contains anticancer properties, which should be encouraged in its use in oncology. Gastric Cancer (GC), a very aggressive human cancer, is often diagnosed at advanced stages, when surgery is substituted or supported by chemotherapy (CT). However, CT frequently fails due to the patient’s resistance to the treatment. Thus, the aim of this study is to verify whether an OC-enriched EVO oil extract fraction (OCF) may be useful in order to overcome a resistance to GC. We evaluated the OCF effects on an AGS gastric adenocarcinoma cell line wild type (AGS wt) and on its subpopulations resistant to 5-fluorouracil (5FUr), Paclitaxel (TAXr) or cisplatin (CISr). We found that a 60 µM dose of the OCF acts on the AGS wt, 5FUr and TAXr, leading to the cell cycle inhibition and to a ROS production, but not on CISr cells. Resistance of CISr to the OCF seems to be due to higher levels of antioxidant-enzymes that can counteract the OCF-induced ROS production. Moreover, using the OCF plus 5-fluorouracil, Paclitaxel or cisplatin, we found a potentiating effect compared with a mono-treatment in all resistant GC cells, including CISr. In conclusion, the use of the OCF in the management of GC has shown very interesting advantages, opening-up the possibility to evaluate the efficacy of the OCF in vivo, as a valid adjuvant in the treatment of resistant GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Peri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis)-DiSIA, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff, 6, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Versienti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Bottari
- Digestive Surgery Unit, AOU Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer, and High Education (DENOTHE), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0552751203
| | - Lucia Magnelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Papucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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11
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Yang Y, Huang JJ, Zhu GS, Hu W. Hyperoside attenuates osteoarthritis progression by targeting PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway: In vitro and in vivo studies. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Siddique AB, Ebrahim HY, Tajmim A, King JA, Abdelwahed KS, Abd Elmageed ZY, El Sayed KA. Oleocanthal Attenuates Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Progression and Recurrence by Targeting SMYD2. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3542. [PMID: 35884603 PMCID: PMC9317016 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Mediterranean, extra-virgin-olive-oil-rich diet ingredient S-(-)-oleocanthal (OC) has emerged as a potential inhibitor for the growth and relapse of the most aggressive prostate cancer type. This effect is mediated through suppression of important enzyme, SMYD2, that drives the activation of several downstream protein effectors. OC treatments reduced SMYD2 downstream substrates, which are critical for prostate cancer growth and relapse. OC is more advantageous than other reported SMYD2 inhibitors because it has shown potent anticancer activity in animal models. OC’s anti-prostate-cancer effect was prominent compared with some standard drugs currently used to control prostate cancer. OC is a potential, novel natural compound appropriate for immediate use by prostate cancer patients and survivors as a nutraceutical or dietary supplement product. Abstract Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is the most aggressive prostate cancer (PC) phenotype. Cellular lysine methylation is driven by protein lysine methyltransferases (PKMTs), such as those in the SET- and MYND-containing protein (SMYD) family, including SMYD2 methylate, and several histone and non-histone proteins. SMYD2 is dysregulated in metastatic PC patients with high Gleason score and shorter survival. The Mediterranean, extra-virgin-olive-oil-rich diet ingredient S-(-)-oleocanthal (OC) inhibited SMYD2 in biochemical assays and suppressed viability, migration, invasion, and colony formation of PC-3, CWR-R1ca, PC-3M, and DU-145 PC cell lines with IC50 range from high nM to low µM. OC’s in vitro antiproliferative effect was comparable to standard anti-PC chemotherapies or hormone therapies. A daily, oral 10 mg/kg dose of OC for 11 days effectively suppressed the progression of the mCRPC CWR-R1ca cells engrafted into male nude mice. Daily, oral OC treatment for 30 days suppressed tumor locoregional and distant recurrences after the primary tumors’ surgical excision. Collected OC-treated animal tumors showed marked SMYD2 reduction. OC-treated mice showed significant serum PSA reduction. For the first time, this study showed SMYD2 as novel molecular target in mCRPC, and OC emerged as a specific SMYD2 lead inhibitor. OC prevailed over previously reported SMYD2 inhibitors, with validated in vivo potency and high safety profile, and, therefore, is proposed as a novel nutraceutical for mCRPC progression and recurrence control.
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Szabo L, Molnar R, Tomesz A, Deutsch A, Darago R, Varjas T, Ritter Z, Szentpeteri JL, Andreidesz K, Mathe D, Hegedüs I, Sik A, Budan F, Kiss I. Olive Oil Improves While Trans Fatty Acids Further Aggravate the Hypomethylation of LINE-1 Retrotransposon DNA in an Environmental Carcinogen Model. Nutrients 2022; 14:908. [PMID: 35215560 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that is crucial for mammalian development and genomic stability. Aberrant DNA methylation changes have been detected not only in malignant tumor tissues; the decrease of global DNA methylation levels is also characteristic for aging. The consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) as part of a balanced diet shows preventive effects against age-related diseases and cancer. On the other hand, consuming trans fatty acids (TFA) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases as well as cancer. The aim of the study was to investigate the LINE-1 retrotransposon (L1-RTP) DNA methylation pattern in liver, kidney, and spleen of mice as a marker of genetic instability. For that, mice were fed with EVOO or TFA and were pretreated with environmental carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-a harmful substance known to cause L1-RTP DNA hypomethylation. Our results show that DMBA and its combination with TFA caused significant L1-RTP DNA hypomethylation compared to the control group via inhibition of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes. EVOO had the opposite effect by significantly decreasing DMBA and DMBA + TFA-induced hypomethylation, thereby counteracting their effects.
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Moral R, Escrich E. Influence of Olive Oil and Its Components on Breast Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27020477. [PMID: 35056792 PMCID: PMC8780060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant neoplasia and a leading cause of mortality in women worldwide. The Mediterranean diet has been proposed as a healthy dietary pattern with protective effects in several chronic diseases, including breast cancer. This diet is characterized by the consumption of abundant plant foods and olive oil as the principal source of fat, which is considered one of the main components with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) has several bioactive compounds, mainly including monounsaturated fatty acids, triterpenes and polyphenols, such as phenolic alcohols (e.g., hydroxytyrosol), secoiridoids (e.g., oleuropein and oleocanthal), lignans (e.g., pinoresinol) or flavonoids (e.g., luteolin). While epidemiological evidence is still limited, experimental in vivo and in vitro data have shown a protective effect of this oil and its compounds on mammary carcinogenesis. Such effects account through complex and multiple mechanisms, including changes in epigenetics, transcriptome and protein expression that modulate several signaling pathways. Molecular targets of EVOO compounds have a role in the acquisition of cancer hallmarks. Although further research is needed to elucidate their beneficial effects on human prevention and progression of the disease, evidence points to EVOO in the context of the Mediterranean diet as a heathy choice, while EVOO components may be promising adjuvants in anticancer strategies.
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Pastorio C, Torres-Rusillo S, Ortega-Vidal J, Jiménez-López MC, Iañez I, Salido S, Santamaría M, Altarejos J, Molina IJ. (−)-Oleocanthal induces death preferentially in tumor hematopoietic cells through caspase dependent and independent mechanisms. Food Funct 2022; 13:11334-11341. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01222g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Olive oil is a key component of the highly cardiovascular protective Mediterranean diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pastorio
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Health Sciences Technology Park, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Sara Torres-Rusillo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Health Sciences Technology Park, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Ortega-Vidal
- Departament of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - M. Carmen Jiménez-López
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Health Sciences Technology Park, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Iañez
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Health Sciences Technology Park, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Sofía Salido
- Departament of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Manuel Santamaría
- Department of Physiology, Cell Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Córdoba, and Unidad de Inmunología y Alergología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Joaquín Altarejos
- Departament of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Ignacio J. Molina
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Health Sciences Technology Park, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
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López-Yerena A, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Jáuregui O, Garcia-Sala X, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Escribano-Ferrer E. Tissue Distribution of Oleocanthal and Its Metabolites after Oral Ingestion in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050688. [PMID: 33925686 PMCID: PMC8146289 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Claims for the potential health benefits of oleocanthal (OLC), a dietary phenolic compound found in olive oil, are based mainly on in vitro studies. Little is known about the tissue availability of OLC, which is rapidly metabolized after ingestion. In this study, the distribution of OLC and its metabolites in rat plasma and tissues (stomach, intestine, liver, kidney, spleen, lungs, heart, brain, thyroid and skin) at 1, 2 and 4.5 h after the acute intake of a refined olive oil containing 0.3 mg/mL of OLC was examined by LC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS. OLC was only detected in the stomach and intestine samples. Moreover, at 2 and 4.5 h, the concentration in the stomach decreased by 36% and 74%, respectively, and in the intestine by 16% and 33%, respectively. Ten OLC metabolites arising from phase I and phase II reactions were identified. The metabolites were widely distributed in rat tissues, and the most important metabolizing organs were the small intestine and liver. The two main circulating metabolites were the conjugates OLC + OH + CH3 and OLC + H2O + glucuronic acid, which may significantly contribute to the beneficial health effects associated with the regular consumption of extra virgin olive oil. However, more studies are necessary to determine the concentrations and molecular structures of OLC metabolites in human plasma and tissues when consumed with the presence of other phenolic compunds present in EVOO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anallely López-Yerena
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XaRTA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.L.-Y.); (A.V.-Q.); (R.M.L.-R.)
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XaRTA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.L.-Y.); (A.V.-Q.); (R.M.L.-R.)
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Jáuregui
- Scientific and Technological Center of University of Barcelona (CCiTUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Xavier Garcia-Sala
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XaRTA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.L.-Y.); (A.V.-Q.); (R.M.L.-R.)
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Escribano-Ferrer
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Group I+D+I Associated Unit to CSIC, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +34-9340-35937
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Lozano-Castellón J, López-Yerena A, Olmo-Cunillera A, Jáuregui O, Pérez M, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Vallverdú-Queralt A. Total Analysis of the Major Secoiridoids in Extra Virgin Olive Oil: Validation of an UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS Method. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040540. [PMID: 33808450 PMCID: PMC8066082 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), one of the key foods of the Mediterranean diet, is distinguished by its high content of nutritional and antioxidant compounds compared to other vegetable oils. During EVOO production, the major secoiridoids of EVOO, oleacein, oleocanthal, ligstroside, and oleuropein aglycones, undergo a series of transformations to open- and closed-structure forms. The resulting mixture of compounds can become more complex during the analytical procedure, due to the keto-enol tautomerism of the open forms and their interaction with polar solvents, and therefore more challenging to analyze. Employing the same extraction method used to analyze the other EVOO phenolic compounds, we report here a simple UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS procedure for the quantification of those secoiridoids that is able to co-elute the different isomers of each compound. The method was validated following AOAC guidelines, and the matrix effect and recoveries were within satisfactory limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Lozano-Castellón
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XaRTA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.-C.); (A.L.-Y.); (A.O.-C.); (M.P.); (R.M.L.-R.)
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anallely López-Yerena
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XaRTA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.-C.); (A.L.-Y.); (A.O.-C.); (M.P.); (R.M.L.-R.)
| | - Alexandra Olmo-Cunillera
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XaRTA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.-C.); (A.L.-Y.); (A.O.-C.); (M.P.); (R.M.L.-R.)
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Jáuregui
- Center of Scientific and Technological, University of Barcelona (CCiTUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18100 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Pérez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XaRTA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.-C.); (A.L.-Y.); (A.O.-C.); (M.P.); (R.M.L.-R.)
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Mª Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XaRTA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.-C.); (A.L.-Y.); (A.O.-C.); (M.P.); (R.M.L.-R.)
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XaRTA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.L.-C.); (A.L.-Y.); (A.O.-C.); (M.P.); (R.M.L.-R.)
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934-024-508
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Molnar R, Szabo L, Tomesz A, Deutsch A, Darago R, Ghodratollah N, Varjas T, Nemeth B, Budan F, Kiss I. In vivo effects of olive oil and trans-fatty acids on miR-134, miR-132, miR-124-1, miR-9-3 and mTORC1 gene expression in a DMBA-treated mouse model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246022. [PMID: 33539381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both the intake of beneficial olive oil and of harmful trans-fatty acids (TFAs) in consumed foods are of great significance in tumor biology. In our present study we examined the effects they exert on the expression patterns of miR-134, miR-132, miR-124-1, miR-9-3 and mTOR in the liver, spleen and kidney of mice treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz [a] anthracene (DMBA). Feeding of TFA-containing diet significantly increased the expression of all studied miRs and mTORC1 in all organs examined, except the expression of mTORC1 in the spleen and kidney. Diet containing olive oil significantly reduced the expression of miR-124-1, miR-9-3 and mTORC1 in the liver and spleen. In the kidney, apart from the mTORC1 gene, the expression of all miRs examined significantly decreased compared to the DMBA control. According to our results, the cell membrane protective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of olive oil and the cell membrane damaging, inflammatory, and carcinogenic properties of TFA suggest negative feedback regulatory mechanisms. In contrast to our expectations, mTORC1 gene expression in the kidney has not been shown to be an appropriate biomarker-presumably, because the many complex effects that regulate mTOR expression may quench each other.
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Emma MR, Augello G, Di Stefano V, Azzolina A, Giannitrapani L, Montalto G, Cervello M, Cusimano A. Potential Uses of Olive Oil Secoiridoids for the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer: A Narrative Review of Preclinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031234. [PMID: 33513799 PMCID: PMC7865905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a combination of foods mainly rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nutrients that have been shown to have many health-enhancing effects. Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) is an important component of the MD. The importance of EVOO can be attributed to phenolic compounds, represented by phenolic alcohols, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol, and to secoiridoids, which include oleocanthal, oleacein, oleuropein, and ligstroside (along with the aglycone and glycosidic derivatives of the latter two). Each secoiridoid has been studied and characterized, and their effects on human health have been documented by several studies. Secoiridoids have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties and, therefore, exhibit anti-cancer activity. This review summarizes the most recent findings regarding the pharmacological properties, molecular targets, and action mechanisms of secoiridoids, focusing attention on their preventive and anti-cancer activities. It provides a critical analysis of preclinical, in vitro and in vivo, studies of these natural bioactive compounds used as agents against various human cancers. The prospects for their possible use in human cancer prevention and treatment is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Emma
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppa Augello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Vita Di Stefano
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Antonina Azzolina
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Lydia Giannitrapani
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (A.C.); Tel.: +39-091-680-9534/511/555 (M.C.); +39-091-680-9589 (A.C.)
| | - Antonella Cusimano
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (A.C.); Tel.: +39-091-680-9534/511/555 (M.C.); +39-091-680-9589 (A.C.)
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20
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Farràs M, Almanza-Aguilera E, Hernáez Á, Agustí N, Julve J, Fitó M, Castañer O. Beneficial effects of olive oil and Mediterranean diet on cancer physio-pathology and incidence. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 73:178-95. [PMID: 33249203 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Virgin olive oil is a characteristic component and the main source of fat of the Mediterranean diet. It is a mix of high-value health compounds, including monounsaturated fatty acids (mainly oleic acid), simple phenols (such as hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol), secoiridoids (such as oleuropein, oleocanthal), flavonoids, and terpenoids (such as squalene). Olive oil consumption has been shown to improve different aspects of human health and has been associated with a lower risk of cancer. However, the underlying cellular mechanisms involved in such effects are still poorly defined, but seem to be related to a promotion of apoptosis, modulation of epigenetic patterns, blockade of cell cycle, and angiogenesis regulation. The aim of this review is to update the current associations of cancer risk with the Mediterranean diet, olive oil consumption and its main components. In addition, the identification of key olive oil components involved in anticarcinogenic mechanisms and pathways according to experimental models is also addressed.
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21
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Romani A, Campo M, Urciuoli S, Marrone G, Noce A, Bernini R. An Industrial and Sustainable Platform for the Production of Bioactive Micronized Powders and Extracts Enriched in Polyphenols From Olea europaea L. and Vitis vinifera L. Wastes. Front Nutr 2020; 7:120. [PMID: 32974376 PMCID: PMC7473407 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, literature data have reported that health status is related to the consumption of foods rich in polyphenols, bioactive compounds found in the plant world, in particular in vegetables and fruit. These pieces of scientific evidence have led to an increase in the demand for functional foods and drinks enriched in polyphenols, so that plant materials are more and more requested. The availability of food and agricultural wastes has adverse effects on the economy, environment, and human health. On the other hand, these materials are a precious source of bioactive compounds as polyphenols. Their recovery and reuse from wastes are according to the circular economy strategy, which has introduced the “zero waste concept.” However, the process is convenient from an economic and environmental point of view only if the final products are standardized and obtained using sustainable and industrial technologies. In this panorama, this paper describes an industrial and sustainable platform for the production of micronized powders and extracts enriched in polyphenols from Olea europaea L. and Vitis vinifera L. wastes that are useful for food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals sectors. The platform is based on drying plant materials, extraction of polyphenols through membrane technologies with water, and, when necessary, the concentration of the final fractions under vacuum evaporation. All powders and extracts were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector–mass spectrometry analysis to define the qualitative and quantitative content of bioactive compounds and insure their standardization and reproducibility. The chromatographic profiles evidenced the presence of secoiridoids, flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamic acids, catechins, and condensed tannins. An overview of the biological activities of the main polyphenols present in Olea europaea L. and Vitis vinifera L. powders and extracts is reported because of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Romani
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis), DiSIA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Margherita Campo
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis), DiSIA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis), DiSIA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Marrone
- PhD School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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22
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Siddique AB, Kilgore PCSR, Tajmim A, Singh SS, Meyer SA, Jois SD, Cvek U, Trutschl M, Sayed KAE. (-)-Oleocanthal as a Dual c-MET-COX2 Inhibitor for the Control of Lung Cancer. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1749. [PMID: 32545325 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) represents the topmost mortality-causing cancer in the U.S. LC patients have overall poor survival rate with limited available treatment options. Dysregulation of the mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (c-MET) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) initiates aggressive LC profile in a subset of patients. The Mediterranean extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO)-rich diet already documented to reduce multiple malignancies incidence. (-)-Oleocanthal (OC) is a naturally occurring phenolic secoiridoid exclusively occurring in EVOO and showed documented anti-breast and other cancer activities via targeting c-MET. This study shows the novel ability of OC to suppress LC progression and metastasis through dual targeting of c-MET and COX-2. Western blot analysis and COX enzymatic assay showed significant reduction in the total and activated c-MET levels and inhibition of COX1/2 activity in the lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 and NCI-H322M, in vitro. In addition, OC treatment caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the HGF-induced LC cells migration. Daily oral treatment with 10 mg/kg OC for 8 weeks significantly suppressed the LC A549-Luc progression and prevented metastasis to brain and other organs in a nude mouse tail vein injection model. Further, microarray data of OC-treated lung tumors showed a distinct gene signature that confirmed the dual targeting of c-MET and COX2. Thus, the EVOO-based OC is an effective lead with translational potential for use as a prospective nutraceutical to control LC progression and metastasis.
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23
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El Haouari M, Quintero JE, Rosado JA. Anticancer molecular mechanisms of oleocanthal. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2820-2834. [PMID: 32449241 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Current cancer therapies are associated with serious side effects, which further damage patients' health. Therefore, the search for new anticancer agents with no toxic effects on normal and healthy cells is of great interest. Recently, we and other groups have demonstrated that oleocanthal (OLC), a phenolic compound from extra virgin olive oil, exhibits antitumor activity in various tumor models. However, the underlying mechanisms and intracellular targets of OLC remain to be completely elucidated. This review summarizes the current advancers concerning the anticancer activity of OLC, with particular emphasis on the molecular signaling pathways modulated by this compound in different tumor cell types. The major mechanisms of action of OLC include modulation of the apoptotic pathway, the HGF/c-Met pathway, and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway, among others. Furthermore, OLC has synergistic effects with anticancer drugs in vitro. Also discussed are OLC bioavailability and its concentration in olive oil. Data summarized here will represent a database for more extensive studies aimed at providing information on molecular mechanisms against cancer induced by OLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed El Haouari
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie Pédagogique et Didactique des Sciences (IPDSM), Centre Régional des Métiers de l'Education et de la Formation (CRMEF Fès-Meknès), Taza, Morocco.,Laboratoire Substances Naturelles, Pharmacologie, Environnement, Modélisation, Santé & Qualité de vie (SNAMOPEQ), Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Taza, Morocco
| | - Juan E Quintero
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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24
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Castejón ML, Montoya T, Alarcón-de-la-Lastra C, Sánchez-Hidalgo M. Potential Protective Role Exerted by Secoiridoids from Olea europaea L. in Cancer, Cardiovascular, Neurodegenerative, Aging-Related, and Immunoinflammatory Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E149. [PMID: 32050687 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iridoids, which have beneficial health properties, include a wide group of cyclopentane [c] pyran monoterpenoids present in plants and insects. The cleavage of the cyclopentane ring leads to secoiridoids. Mainly, secoiridoids have shown a variety of pharmacological effects including anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity, which increase the interest of studying these types of bioactive compounds in depth. Secoiridoids are thoroughly distributed in several families of plants such as Oleaceae, Valerianaceae, Gentianaceae and Pedialaceae, among others. Specifically, Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae) is rich in oleuropein (OL), dimethyl-OL, and ligstroside secoiridoids, and their hydrolysis derivatives are mostly OL-aglycone, oleocanthal (OLE), oleacein (OLA), elenolate, oleoside-11-methyl ester, elenoic acid, hydroxytyrosol (HTy), and tyrosol (Ty). These compounds have proved their efficacy in the management of diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and viral and microbial infections. Particularly, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties of secoiridoids from the olive tree (Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae)) have been suggested as a potential application in a large number of inflammatory and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated diseases. Thus, the purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in the protective role of secoiridoids derived from the olive tree (preclinical studies and clinical trials) in diseases with an important pathogenic contribution of oxidative and peroxidative stress and damage, focusing on their plausible mechanisms of the action involved.
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25
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Siddique AB, King JA, Meyer SA, Abdelwahed K, Busnena B, El Sayed K. Safety Evaluations of Single Dose of the Olive Secoiridoid S-(-)-Oleocanthal in Swiss Albino Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:E314. [PMID: 31991771 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical studies compellingly showed the ability of Mediterranean diet rich in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) to reduce multiple diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and aging cognitive functions decline. The S-(-)-Oleocanthal (OC) is a minor phenolic secoiridoid exclusively found in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). OC recently gained notable research attention due to its excellent in vitro and in vivo biological effects against multiple cancers, inflammations, and Alzheimer's disease. However, OC safety has not been comprehensively studied yet. This study reports for the first time the detailed safety of oral single OC dose in Swiss albino mice, applying the OECD 420 procedure. Male and female Swiss albino mice (n = 10) were orally treated with a single OC dose of either 10, 250, or 500 mg/kg bodyweight or equivalent volumes of distilled water. Mice fed a regular diet, and carefully observed for 14 days. Further, mice were then sacrificed, blood samples, and organs were collected and subjected to hematological, biochemical, and histological examinations. OC 10 mg/kg oral dose appears to be without adverse effects. Further, 250 mg/kg OC, p.o., is suggested as a possible upper dose for preclinical studies in the future.
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26
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Donovan MG, Selmin OI, Stillwater BJ, Neumayer LA, Romagnolo DF. Do Olive and Fish Oils of the Mediterranean Diet Have a Role in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy? An Exploration of Evidence in Cells and Animal Models. Front Nutr 2020; 7:571455. [PMID: 33123546 PMCID: PMC7573103 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.571455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) are the most aggressive and lethal of the breast cancer molecular subtypes, due in part to a poor understanding of TNBC etiology and lack of targeted therapeutics. Despite advances in the clinical management of TNBC, optimal treatment regimens remain elusive. Thus, identifying interventional approaches that suppress the initiation and progression of TNBC, while minimizing side effects, would be of great interest. Studies have documented an inverse relationship between the incidence of hormone receptor negative breast cancer and adherence to a Mediterranean Diet, particularly higher consumption of fish and olive oil. Here, we performed a review of studies over the last 5 years investigating the effects of fish oil, olive oil and their components in model systems of TNBC. We included studies that focused on the fish oil ω-3 essential fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in addition to olive oil polyphenolic compounds and oleic acid. Both beneficial and deleterious effects on TNBC model systems are reviewed and we highlight how multiple components of these Mediterranean Diet oils target signaling pathways known to be aberrant in TNBC including PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB/COX2 and Wnt/β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah G. Donovan
- Interdisciplinary Cancer Biology Graduate Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ornella I. Selmin
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Barbara J. Stillwater
- Department of Surgery, Breast Surgery Oncology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Leigh A. Neumayer
- Department of Surgery, Breast Surgery Oncology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Donato F. Romagnolo
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Donato F. Romagnolo
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27
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Torić J, Marković AK, Brala CJ, Barbarić M. Anticancer effects of olive oil polyphenols and their combinations with anticancer drugs. Acta Pharm 2019; 69:461-82. [PMID: 31639094 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2019-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer presents one of the leading causes of death in the world. Current treatment includes the administration of one or more anticancer drugs, commonly known as chemotherapy. The biggest issue concerning the chemotherapeutics is their toxicity on normal cells and persisting side effects. One approach to the issue is chemoprevention and the other one is the discovery of more effective drugs or drug combinations, including combinations with polyphenols. Olive oil polyphenols (OOPs), especially hydroxytyrosol (HTyr), tyrosol (Tyr) and their derivatives oleuropein (Ole), oleacein and oleocanthal (Oc) express anticancer activity on different cancer models. Recent studies report that phenolic extract of virgin olive oil may be more effective than the individual phenolic compounds. Also, there is a growing body of evidence about the combined treatment of OOPs with various anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, tamoxifen, doxorubicin and others. These novel approaches may present an advanced strategy in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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28
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Ünsal ÜÜ, Mete M, Aydemir I, Duransoy YK, Umur AŞ, Tuglu MI. Inhibiting effect of oleocanthal on neuroblastoma cancer cell proliferation in culture. Biotech Histochem 2019; 95:233-241. [PMID: 31691588 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1674919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the potential anticancer effects of oleocanthal (OC) on neuroblastoma cells. Cells were divided into four groups: group 1, neuroblastoma cells were treated with OC; group 2, neurons that differentiated from neuroblastoma cells were treated with phosphate-buffered saline(PBS); group 3, bone marrow derived neuronal (BMDN) cells that were differentiated from bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were treated with OC; group 4, BMDN cells that were differentiated from BMSCs were treated with PBS. Groups 2 and 4 were control groups. The effects of OC on cell viability, oxidative stress, neurite inhibition and apoptosis at IC50 dose were investigated using MTT analysis, i-NOS and e-NOS measurement, neurotoxicity screening test (NST) and TUNEL staining, respectively. MTT analysis demonstrated that cells were significantly less viable in group 1 than in group 3. i-NOS and e-NOS staining intensity was significantly greater in group 1 than in group 3. NST revealed that OC inhibited neurite growth in both neuroblastoma and BMND cells; inhibition was significantly less in group 3 than in group 1. Significantly more TUNEL labeled cells were found in group 1 than in group 3. We found that OC prevented growth and proliferation of neuroblastoma cells in culture by increasing oxidative stress and apoptosis. We also found that the cytotoxicity of OC is negligible in BMDN cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ülkün Ünlü Ünsal
- Koc University School of Medicine Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mesut Mete
- Manisa Celal Bayar University School of Medicine Neurosurgery Department, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Işil Aydemir
- Ömer Halisdemir University School of Medicine Histology-Embryology Department, Niğde, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Şükrü Umur
- Manisa Celal Bayar University School of Medicine Neurosurgery Department, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ibrahim Tuglu
- Manisa Celal Bayar University School of Medicine Histology-Embryology Department, Manisa, Turkey
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29
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Juli G, Oliverio M, Bellizzi D, Gallo Cantafio ME, Grillone K, Passarino G, Colica C, Nardi M, Rossi M, Procopio A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P, Amodio N. Anti-tumor Activity and Epigenetic Impact of the Polyphenol Oleacein in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070990. [PMID: 31315220 PMCID: PMC6679356 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive oil contains different biologically active polyphenols, among which oleacein, the most abundant secoiridoid, has recently emerged for its beneficial properties in various disease contexts. By using in vitro models of human multiple myeloma (MM), we here investigated the anti-tumor potential of oleacein and the underlying bio-molecular sequelae. Within a low micromolar range, oleacein reduced the viability of MM primary samples and cell lines even in the presence of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), while sparing healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We also demonstrated that oleacein inhibited MM cell clonogenicity, prompted cell cycle blockade and triggered apoptosis. We evaluated the epigenetic impact of oleacein on MM cells, and observed dose-dependent accumulation of both acetylated histones and α-tubulin, along with down-regulation of several class I/II histone deacetylases (HDACs) both at the mRNA and protein level, providing evidence of the HDAC inhibitory activity of this compound; conversely, no effect on global DNA methylation was found. Mechanistically, HDACs inhibition by oleacein was associated with down-regulation of Sp1, the major transactivator of HDACs promoter, via Caspase 8 activation. Of potential translational significance, oleacein synergistically enhanced the in vitro anti-MM activity of the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib. Altogether, these results indicate that oleacein is endowed with HDAC inhibitory properties, which associate with significant anti-MM activity both as single agent or in combination with carfilzomib. These findings may pave the way to novel potential anti-MM epi-therapeutic approaches based on natural agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Juli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Manuela Oliverio
- Department of Health Science, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Dina Bellizzi
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | | | - Katia Grillone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Carmela Colica
- CNR, IBFM UOS of Germaneto, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro Italy
| | - Monica Nardi
- Department of Health Science, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marco Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Department of Health Science, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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30
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Karković Marković A, Torić J, Barbarić M, Jakobušić Brala C. Hydroxytyrosol, Tyrosol and Derivatives and Their Potential Effects on Human Health. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24102001. [PMID: 31137753 PMCID: PMC6571782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet and olive oil as its quintessential part are almost synonymous with a healthy way of eating and living nowadays. This kind of diet has been highly appreciated and is widely recognized for being associated with many favorable effects, such as reduced incidence of different chronic diseases and prolonged longevity. Although olive oil polyphenols present a minor fraction in the composition of olive oil, they seem to be of great importance when it comes to the health benefits, and interest in their biological and potential therapeutic effects is huge. There is a growing body of in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as intervention-based clinical trials, revealing new aspects of already known and many new, previously unknown activities and health effects of these compounds. This review summarizes recent findings regarding biological activities, metabolism and bioavailability of the major olive oil phenolic compounds—hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein, oleocanthal and oleacein—the most important being their antiatherogenic, cardioprotective, anticancer, neuroprotective and endocrine effects. The evidence presented in the review concludes that these phenolic compounds have great pharmacological potential, however, further studies are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karković Marković
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jelena Torić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Monika Barbarić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Cvijeta Jakobušić Brala
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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31
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Siddique AB, Ayoub NM, Tajmim A, Meyer SA, Hill RA, El Sayed KA. (-)-Oleocanthal Prevents Breast Cancer Locoregional Recurrence After Primary Tumor Surgical Excision and Neoadjuvant Targeted Therapy in Orthotopic Nude Mouse Models. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050637. [PMID: 31072015 PMCID: PMC6562541 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) recurrence represents a challenge for survivors who have had their primary tumors surgically excised, and/or have completed radiation, neoadjuvant, or adjuvant therapeutic regimens. Current BC treatments mostly lack the ability to reduce the risk of disease recurrence. About 70% of BC patients will subsequently suffer disease relapse, manifesting as local, regional, or distant tumor recurrence, which clearly underscores the urgent need to discover novel recurrence inhibitors. (−)-Oleocanthal (OC) is a natural phenolic, found so far exclusively in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). OC exerts documented bioactivities against diverse cancer types, inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases. Herein we report the novel activity of daily oral treatment with OC (10 mg/kg) in preventing BC locoregional recurrence in a nude mouse xenograft model generated by orthotopic inoculation with BT-474 cells as a luminal type B model. We further report inhibition of tumor recurrence by OC after completion of a lapatinib neoadjuvant regimen. However, in a recurrence model of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), OC treatment (10 mg/kg) did not effectively prevent tumor recurrence, but rather, was seen to significantly reduce the growth of recurrent tumors as compared to vehicle control-treated animals. Inhibition of tumor recurrence was associated with significant serum level reductions of the human BC recurrence marker CA 15-3 at the study end in animals treated with OC. OC treatment upregulated the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and downregulated the levels of the mesenchymal marker vimentin in recurrent tumors vs. untreated control animals. OC treatment also reduced the activation of MET and HER2 receptors, as indicated by reduced phosphorylation levels of these proteins in recurrent tumors vs. controls. Collectively, the results of our studies provide the first evidence for suppression of BC tumor recurrence by oral OC treatment in an animal model for such recurrence, and furthermore, highlight favorable prospects for this natural product to emerge as a first-in-class BC recurrence inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Bakar Siddique
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
| | - Nehad M Ayoub
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Afsana Tajmim
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
| | - Sharon A Meyer
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
| | - Ronald A Hill
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
| | - Khalid A El Sayed
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
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Hu ZC, Luo ZC, Jiang BJ, Fu X, Xuan JW, Li XB, Bian YJ, Ni WF, Xue JX. The Protective Effect of Magnolol in Osteoarthritis: In vitro and in vivo Studies. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:393. [PMID: 31040782 PMCID: PMC6476971 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), defined as a long-term progressive joint disease, is characterized by cartilage impairment and erosion. In recent decades, magnolol, as a type of lignin extracted from Magnolia officinalis, has been proved to play a potent anti-inflammatory role in various diseases. The current research sought to examine the latent mechanism of magnolol and its protective role in alleviating the progress of OA in vivo as well as in vitro experimentations. In vitro, the over-production of Nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), induced by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), were all inhibited notably by magnolol in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, magnolol could also downregulate the expression of metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) and thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5). All these changes ultimately led to the deterioration of the extracellular matrix (ECM) induced by IL-1β. Mechanistically, magnolol suppressed the activation of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, a powerful binding capacity between magnolol and PI3K was also revealed in our molecular docking research. In addition, magnolol-induced protective effects in OA development were also detected in a mouse model. In summary, this research suggested that magnolol possessed a new therapeutic potential for the development of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zu-Cheng Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bing-Jie Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Wei Xuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jie Bian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wen-Fei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ji-Xin Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
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Francisco V, Ruiz-Fernández C, Lahera V, Lago F, Pino J, Skaltsounis L, González-Gay MA, Mobasheri A, Gómez R, Scotece M, Gualillo O. Natural Molecules for Healthy Lifestyles: Oleocanthal from Extra Virgin Olive Oil. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:3845-3853. [PMID: 30875206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet. Phenolic compounds of EVOO, in particular, secoiridoids, are minor components that have generated special interest due to their positive effects on human health, supported by several clinical trials. This review summarizes the most recent findings on the pharmacological properties and action's mechanisms of secoiridoid oleocanthal, focusing attention on inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer, neurodegenerative processes, and rheumatic diseases. Being of relevance to the clinical effects of EVOO intake, the bioavailability and biotransformation of EVOO polyphenols are addressed. Moreover, this review summarizes the factors that may influence the oleocanthal concentration in EVOO. With the growing incidence of age- and lifestyle-related diseases, the current data indicated that the administration of EVOO rich in secoiridoids may be helpful in the prevention or treatment of different pathologies with an inflammatory component. Although promising, the future raises several questions and challenges, which are discussed here. The real beneficial effects of olive oil phenols on human health need to be clarified in new, well-designed clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Francisco
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases) , Santiago University Clinical Hospital , Laboratory 9, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N , Santiago de Compostela 15706 , Spain
| | - Clara Ruiz-Fernández
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases) , Santiago University Clinical Hospital , Laboratory 9, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N , Santiago de Compostela 15706 , Spain
| | - Vicente Lahera
- Complutense University , School of Medicine, Department of Physiology , Madrid , Spain
| | - Francisca Lago
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology , CIBERCV (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares) , Laboratory 7, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N , Santiago de Compostela 15706 , Spain
| | - Jesús Pino
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases) , Santiago University Clinical Hospital , Laboratory 9, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N , Santiago de Compostela 15706 , Spain
| | - Leandros Skaltsounis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry , Athens , 15771 , Greece
| | - Miguel Angel González-Gay
- Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, IDIVAL , Santander , 39011 , Spain
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine , State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine , Santariskiu 5 , 08661 Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The Musculoskeletal Pathology Group , Santiago University Clinical Hospital , Laboratory 18, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N , Santiago de Compostela 15706 , Spain
| | - Morena Scotece
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases) , Santiago University Clinical Hospital , Laboratory 9, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N , Santiago de Compostela 15706 , Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases) , Santiago University Clinical Hospital , Laboratory 9, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N , Santiago de Compostela 15706 , Spain
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Siddique AB, Ebrahim H, Mohyeldin M, Qusa M, Batarseh Y, Fayyad A, Tajmim A, Nazzal S, Kaddoumi A, El Sayed K. Novel liquid-liquid extraction and self-emulsion methods for simplified isolation of extra-virgin olive oil phenolics with emphasis on (-)-oleocanthal and its oral anti-breast cancer activity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214798. [PMID: 30964898 PMCID: PMC6456230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical studies compellingly documented the ability of Mediterranean diet rich in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) to reduce breast and colon cancers incidence, cardiovascular diseases, and aging cognitive functions decline. (-)-Oleocanthal (OC) and other EVOO phenolics gain progressive research attention due to their documented biological effects against cancer, inflammations, and Alzheimer’s disease. There is no simple, reliable, and cost-effective isolation protocol for EVOO phenolics, which hinder their therapeutic applications. This study develops novel methods to isolate OC and other EVOO phenolics. This includes the use of ultra-freezing to eliminate most EVOO fats and the successful water capacity to efficiently extract OC and EVOO phenolics as self-emulsified nano-emulsion. Subsequent resin entrapment and size exclusion chromatography afforded individual EVOO phenolics in high purity. OC in vitro and in vivo oral anti-breast cancer (BC) activities validated its lead candidacy. Effective isolation of EVOO phenolics provided in this study will facilitate future preclinical and clinical investigations and stimulate the therapeutic development of these important bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Bakar Siddique
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Hassan Ebrahim
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Mohamed Mohyeldin
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Mohammed Qusa
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Yazan Batarseh
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Fayyad
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Afsana Tajmim
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Sami Nazzal
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Amal Kaddoumi
- Department of Drug Discovery & Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Khalid El Sayed
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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35
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Bardaweel SK, Alsalamat HA, Aleidi SM, Bashatwah RM. Glucose Deprivation Enhances the Antiproliferative Effects of Oral Hypoglycemic Biguanides in Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer: an in Vitro Study. Acta Pharm 2018; 68:517-24. [PMID: 31259708 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2018-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extensive in vitro studies have been conducted to evaluate the anticancer activity of oral hypoglycemic agents. Many of these studies experienced detrimental limitations, since they were conducted on cancer cells commonly grown in culture media consisting of extremely high concentrations of growth factors and glucose. The present study was aimed at exploring the antiproliferative effects of the commonly studied metformin and the less frequently reported phenformin oral hypoglycemic agents on different molecular subtypes of breast cancer under rich glucose and glucose deprived conditions. Our results indicate that under glucose deprived conditions, which better reflect the factual glucose-starved solid tumors in vivo, biguanides exert more antiproliferative activities against the three molecular subtypes of breast cancer cell lines examined in this study. In addition, the observed antiproliferative activities of biguanides appear to be mediated by apoptosis induction in breast cancer cells. This induction is significantly augmented under glucose deprived conditions.
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36
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Hu ZC, Gong LF, Li XB, Fu X, Xuan JW, Feng ZH, Ni WF. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling with leonurine for ameliorating the progression of osteoarthritis: In vitro and in vivo studies. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:6940-6950. [PMID: 30417459 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized as the degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage. In recent decades, leonurine (LN), the main active component in medical and edible dual purpose plant Herba Leonuri, has been shown associated with potent anti-inflammatory effects in several diseases. In the current study, we examined the protective effects of LN in the inhibition of OA development as well as its underlying mechanism both in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) induced over-production of prostaglandin E2, nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were all inhibited significantly by the pretreatment of LN at a dose-dependent manner (5, 10, and 20 µM). Moreover, the expression of thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) and metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) was downregulated by LN. All these changes led to the IL-1β induced degradation of extracellular matrix. Mechanistically, the LN suppressed IL-1β induced activation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway cascades. Meanwhile, it was also demonstrated in our molecular docking studies that LN had strong binding abilities to PI3K. In addition, LN was observed exerting protective effects in a surgical induced model of OA. To sum up, this study indicated LN could be applied as a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lan-Fang Gong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Medical School of the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang-Wei Xuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Fei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Corominas-Faja B, Cuyàs E, Lozano-Sánchez J, Cufí S, Verdura S, Fernández-Arroyo S, Borrás-Linares I, Martin-Castillo B, Martin ÁG, Lupu R, Nonell-Canals A, Sanchez-Martinez M, Micol V, Joven J, Segura-Carretero A, Menendez JA. Extra-virgin olive oil contains a metabolo-epigenetic inhibitor of cancer stem cells. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:601-613. [PMID: 29452350 PMCID: PMC5888987 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting tumor-initiating, drug-resistant populations of cancer stem cells (CSC) with phytochemicals is a novel paradigm for cancer prevention and treatment. We herein employed a phenotypic drug discovery approach coupled to mechanism-of-action profiling and target deconvolution to identify phenolic components of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) capable of suppressing the functional traits of CSC in breast cancer (BC). In vitro screening revealed that the secoiridoid decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycone (DOA) could selectively target subpopulations of epithelial-like, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive and mesenchymal-like, CD44+CD24−/low CSC. DOA could potently block the formation of multicellular tumorspheres generated from single-founder stem-like cells in a panel of genetically diverse BC models. Pretreatment of BC populations with noncytotoxic doses of DOA dramatically reduced subsequent tumor-forming capacity in vivo. Mice orthotopically injected with CSC-enriched BC-cell populations pretreated with DOA remained tumor-free for several months. Phenotype microarray-based screening pointed to a synergistic interaction of DOA with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5-azacytidine. In silico computational studies indicated that DOA binds and inhibits the ATP-binding kinase domain site of mTOR and the S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) cofactor-binding pocket of DNMTs. FRET-based Z-LYTE™ and AlphaScreen-based in vitro assays confirmed the ability of DOA to function as an ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitor and to block the SAM-dependent methylation activity of DNMTs. Our systematic in vitro, in vivo and in silico approaches establish the phenol-conjugated oleoside DOA as a dual mTOR/DNMT inhibitor naturally occurring in EVOO that functionally suppresses CSC-like states responsible for maintaining tumor-initiating cell properties within BC populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Corominas-Faja
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Jesús Lozano-Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sílvia Cufí
- Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Sara Verdura
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,The Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Isabel Borrás-Linares
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Ruth Lupu
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester MN, USA
| | | | | | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Elche, Alicante, Spain.,CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,The Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain.,Metabostem, Barcelona, Spain
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38
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Diez-Bello R, Jardin I, Lopez JJ, El Haouari M, Ortega-Vidal J, Altarejos J, Salido GM, Salido S, Rosado JA. (-)‑Oleocanthal inhibits proliferation and migration by modulating Ca 2+ entry through TRPC6 in breast cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2018; 1866:474-485. [PMID: 30321616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer is an aggressive type of cancer that does not respond to hormonal therapy and current therapeutic strategies are accompanied by side effects due to cytotoxic actions on normal tissues. Therefore, there is a need for the identification of anti-cancer compounds with negligible effects on non-tumoral cells. Here we show that (-)‑oleocanthal (OLCT), a phenolic compound isolated from olive oil, selectively impairs MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and viability without affecting the ability of non-tumoral MCF10A cells to proliferate or their viability. Similarly, OLCT selectively impairs the ability of MDA-MB-231 cells to migrate while the ability of MCF10A to migrate was unaffected. The effect of OLCT was not exclusive for triple negative breast cancer cells as we found that OLCT also attenuate cell viability and proliferation of MCF7 cells. Our results indicate that OLCT is unable to induce Ca2+ mobilization in non-tumoral cells. By contrast, OLCT induces Ca2+ entry in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, which is impaired by TRPC6 expression silencing. We have found that MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells overexpress the channel TRPC6 as compared to non-tumoral MCF10A and treatment with OLCT for 24-72 h downregulates TRPC6 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. These findings indicate that OLCT impairs the ability of breast cancer cells to proliferate and migrate via downregulation of TRPC6 channel expression while having no effect on the biology of non-tumoral breast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Diez-Bello
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - I Jardin
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - J J Lopez
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - M El Haouari
- Centre Régional des Métiers de l'Education et de la Formation de Taza, 35000 Taza, Morocco; Laboratoire Matériaux, Substances Naturelles, Environnement & Modélisation (LMSNEM), Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fès, Morocco
| | - J Ortega-Vidal
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Jaen, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - J Altarejos
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Jaen, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - G M Salido
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - S Salido
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Jaen, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), 23071 Jaen, Spain.
| | - J A Rosado
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
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Arshad Z, Rezapour-Firouzi S, Mohammadian M, Ebrahimifar. The Sources of Essential Fatty Acids for Allergic and Cancer Patients; a Connection with Insight into Mammalian Target of Rapamycin: A Narrative Review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2391-2401. [PMID: 30255691 PMCID: PMC6249470 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.9.2391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Disturbance in essential fatty acids (EFA) metabolism plays a key role in autoimmune diseases, but EFA supplementation with sources of borage, evening primrose, hemp seed and fish oils was not effective in atopic and cancer diseases, as that seen in the case of multiple sclerosis. It seems that two complexes of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, mTORC1 and mTORC2, are congruent with the two bases of the Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) therapy, Cold and Hot nature, which are essential for the efficacy of functional oils for controlling immune responses in autoimmune diseases. Methods: We searched PubMed database, Web of Science (WOS), Google Scholar, Scopus and selected studies by predefined eligibility criteria. We then assessed their quality and extracted data. Results: The oils controlled by Cold or Hot nature may be helpful in maintaining homeostasis and preventing autoimmune diseases. In summary, studies of randomized controlled trials for allergy and cancer patients found no improvement in the signs or response to tests, despite a remarkable change in EFA fractions in the blood by supplementation with sources of borage, evening primrose, hemp seed and fish oils. In contrast, portulaca oleracea oil exhibited protective effects by anti-inflammatory properties via the PI3K/Akt/mTORC2 pathway with a deviation immune response to Th1 to treat atopic diseases and cancer. Conclusions: According to the concept of Traditional Iranian Medicine therapy, in contrast to Cold-nature oils, EFA supplementation with the sources of Hot-nature oilsis not suitable for the treatment of atopic and cancerous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhila Arshad
- Department of Pathology of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Baku University of Medical Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan. ,
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Segura-Carretero A, Curiel JA. Current Disease-Targets for Oleocanthal as Promising Natural Therapeutic Agent. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2899. [PMID: 30250008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The broad number of health benefits which can be obtained from the long-term consumption of olive oil are attributed mainly to its phenolic fraction. Many olive oil phenolics have been studied deeply since their discovery due to their bioactivity properties, such as Hydroxytyrosol. Similarly, in the last decade, the special attention of researchers has been addressed to Oleocanthal (OC). This olive oil phenolic compound has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic agent against a variety of diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, different underlying mechanisms of OC against these diseases have been explored. This review summarizes the current literature on OC to date, and focuses on its promising bioactivities against different disease-targets.
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, Varela-López A, Forbes-Hernández TY, Gasparrini M, Afrin S, Cianciosi D, Zhang J, Manna PP, Bompadre S, Quiles JL, Battino M, Giampieri F. Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Olive Oil as Nutraceutical Tools for the Prevention and Management of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2305. [PMID: 30082650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become the largest contributor to worldwide morbidity and mortality. Among them, cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for a 47% of worldwide mortality. In general, preventive approaches modifying lifestyle are more cost-effective than treatments after disease onset. In this sense, a healthy diet could help a range of NCDs, such as cancer and CVDs. Traditional Mediterranean Diet (MD) is associated by the low-prevalence of certain types of cancers and CVDs, where olive oil plays an important role. In fact, different epidemiological studies suggest that olive oil consumption prevents some cancers, as well as coronary heart diseases and stroke incidence and mortality. Historically, the beneficial health effects of virgin olive oil (VOO) intake were first attributed to the high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids. Nowadays, many studies indicate that phenolic compounds contained in olive oil have positive effects on different biomarkers related to health. Among them, phenolic compounds would be partially responsible for health benefits. The present work aims to explore, in studies published during the last five years, the effects of the main phenolic compounds isolated from olive oil on different cancer or CVD aspects, in order to clarify which compounds have more potential to be used as nutraceuticals with preventive or even therapeutic properties.
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Polini B, Digiacomo M, Carpi S, Bertini S, Gado F, Saccomanni G, Macchia M, Nieri P, Manera C, Fogli S. Oleocanthal and oleacein contribute to the in vitro therapeutic potential of extra virgin oil-derived extracts in non-melanoma skin cancer. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 52:243-250. [PMID: 29959992 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the anticancer properties of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) extracts have been recognized, the role of single compounds in non-melanoma skin cancer is still unknown. The in vitro chemopreventive and anticancer action of EVOO extracts and oil-derived compounds in non-melanoma skin cancer models were evaluated on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells and on immortalized human keratinocytes stimulated with epidermal growth factor. Preparation of EVOO extracts and isolation of single compounds was carried out by chromatographic methods. Antitumor activity was assessed by cell-based assays (cell viability, migration, clonogenicity, and spheroid formation) and apoptosis documented by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Finally, inhibition of key oncogenic signaling nodes involved in the progression from actinic keratosis to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma was studied by western blot. EVOO extracts reduced non-melanoma skin cancer cell viability and migration, prevented colony and spheroid formation, and inhibited proliferation of atypical keratinocytes stimulated with epidermal growth factor. Such a pharmacological activity was promoted by oleocanthal and oleacein through the inhibition of Erk and Akt phosphorylation and the suppression of B-Raf expression, whereas tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol did not have effect. The current study provides in vitro evidence for new potential clinical applications of EVOO extracts and/or single oil-derived compounds in the prevention and treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Digiacomo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Carpi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Marco Macchia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Clementina Manera
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Fogli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Abstract
Oleocanthal is a minor constituent of olive oil with strong anti-inflammatory activities. Since the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases involves inflammatory and oxidative components, oleocanthal is a promising agent to prevent these conditions. This review aimed to summarise the current beneficial health effects of oleocanthal and the molecular basis of its biological actions. The anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, anticancer and neuroprotective activities of oleocanthal have been examined by previous studies. Of these, studies on the anticancer effects have been the most extensive. Oleocanthal was reported to suppress melanoma, breast, liver, and colon cancer cells. Neurological studies focused on the effects of oleocanthal against Alzheimer’s disease. Oleocanthal improved clearance of the amyloid beta protein from neurons and reduced the inflammation of astrocytes. Despite the positive results, validation of the biological effects of oleocanthal in animal disease models is limited and should be emphasized in the future. As a conclusion, oleocanthal may act together with other bioactive compounds in olive oil to achieve its therapeutic potential. The use of oleocanthal alone as a single therapeutic measure awaits validation from future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Lun Pang
- Biomedical Science Programme, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
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Lombardo L, Grasso F, Lanciano F, Loria S, Monetti E. Broad-Spectrum Health Protection of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64057-4.00002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
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Thiyagarajan V, Lee KW, Leong MK, Weng CF. Potential natural mTOR inhibitors screened by in silico approach and suppress hepatic stellate cells activation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:4220-4234. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1411295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wei Lee
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Max K. Leong
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
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Cusimano A, Balasus D, Azzolina A, Augello G, Emma MR, Di Sano C, Gramignoli R, Strom SC, McCubrey JA, Montalto G, Cervello M. Oleocanthal exerts antitumor effects on human liver and colon cancer cells through ROS generation. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:533-544. [PMID: 28656311 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial health properties of the Mediter-ranean diet are well recognized. The principle source of fat in Mediterranean diet is extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). Oleocanthal (OC) is a naturally occurring minor phenolic compound isolated from EVOO, which has shown a potent anti-inflammatory activity, by means of its ability to inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes COX-1 and COX-2. A large body of evidence indicates that phenols exhibit anticancer activities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential anticancer effects of OC in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal carcinoma (CRC) models. A panel of human HCC (HepG2, Huh7, Hep3B and PLC/PRF/5) and CRC (HT29, SW480) cell lines was used. Cells were treated with OC, and cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated. Compared with classical commercially available COX inhibitors (ibuprofen, indomethacin, nimesulide), OC was more effective in inducing cell growth inhibition in HCC and CRC cells. Moreover, OC inhibited colony formation and induced apoptosis, as confirmed by PARP cleavage, activation of caspases 3/7 and chromatin condensation. OC treatment in a dose dependent-manner induced expression of γH2AX, a marker of DNA damage, increased intracellular ROS production and caused mitochondrial depolarization. Moreover, the effects of OC were suppressed by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Finally, OC was not toxic in primary normal human hepatocytes. In conclusion, OC treatment was found to exert a potent anticancer activity against HCC and CRC cells. Taken together, our findings provide preclinical support of the chemotherapeutic potential of EVOO against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Cusimano
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology 'Alberto Monroy', National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Balasus
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology 'Alberto Monroy', National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonina Azzolina
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology 'Alberto Monroy', National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Augello
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology 'Alberto Monroy', National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria R Emma
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology 'Alberto Monroy', National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Di Sano
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology 'Alberto Monroy', National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Gramignoli
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephen C Strom
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology 'Alberto Monroy', National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology 'Alberto Monroy', National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
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Ayoub NM, Siddique AB, Ebrahim HY, Mohyeldin MM, El Sayed KA. The olive oil phenolic (-)-oleocanthal modulates estrogen receptor expression in luminal breast cancer in vitro and in vivo and synergizes with tamoxifen treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 810:100-11. [PMID: 28625568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Luminal breast cancer represents a therapeutic challenge in terms of aggressive disease and emerging resistance to targeted therapy. (-)-Oleocanthal has demonstrated anticancer activity in multiple human cancers. The goal of this study was to explore the effect of (-)-oleocanthal treatment on growth of luminal breast cancer cells and to examine the effect of combination of (-)-oleocanthal with tamoxifen. Results showed that (-)-oleocanthal inhibited growth of BT-474, MCF-7, and T-47D human breast cancer cells in mitogen-free media with IC50 values of 32.7, 24.07, and 80.93µM, respectively. Similarly, (-)-oleocanthal suppressed growth of BT-474, MCF-7, and T-47D cells in 17β-estradiol-supplemented media with IC50 values of 22.28, 20.77, and 83.91µM, respectively. Combined (-)-oleocanthal and tamoxifen treatments resulted in a synergistic growth inhibition of BT-474, MCF-7, and T-47D cells with combination index values of 0.65, 0.61, and 0.53 for each cell line, respectively. In-silico docking studies indicated high degree of overlapping for the binding of (-)-oleocanthal and 17β-estradiol to estrogen receptors, while (-)-oleocanthal and tamoxifen have distinguished binding modes. Treatment with 5mg/kg or 10mg/kg (-)-oleocanthal resulted in 97% inhibition of tumor growth in orthotopic athymic mice bearing BT-474 tumor xenografts compared to vehicle-treated animals. (-)-Oleocanthal treatment reduced total levels of estrogen receptors in BT-474 cells both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, (-)-oleocanthal showed a potential beneficial effect in suppressing growth of hormone-dependent breast cancer and improving sensitivity to tamoxifen treatment. These findings provide rational for evaluating the effect of (-)-oleocanthal in combination with endocrine treatments in luminal breast cancer.
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Abstract
Virgin olive oil (VOO) is credited as being one of the many healthful components associated with the Mediterranean diet. Mediterranean populations experience reduced incidence of chronic inflammatory disease states and VOO is readily consumed as part of an everyday Mediterranean dietary pattern. VOO is rich in phenolic compounds and the health promoting benefits of these phenolics are now established. Recent studies have highlighted the biological properties of VOO phenolic compounds elucidating their anti-inflammatory activities. This paper will review current knowledge on the anti-inflammatory and nutrigenomic, chemoprotective and anti-atherosclerotic activities of VOO phenolics. In addition the concentration, metabolism and bioavailability of specific phenolic compounds will be discussed. The evidence presented in the review concludes that oleurepein, hydroxytyrosol and oleocanthal have potent pharmacological activities in vitro and in vivo; however, intervention studies with biologically relevant concentrations of these phenolic compounds are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Parkinson
- Department of Medical and Health Science, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia.
| | - Sara Cicerale
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Centre for Advanced Sensory Science (CASS), Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
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49
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Fernández del Río L, Gutiérrez-Casado E, Varela-López A, Villalba JM. Olive Oil and the Hallmarks of Aging. Molecules 2016; 21:163. [PMID: 26840281 PMCID: PMC6273542 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial and tissue-specific process involving diverse alterations regarded as the "hallmarks of aging", which include genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion and altered intracellular communication. Virtually all these hallmarks are targeted by dietary olive oil, particularly by virgin olive oil, since many of its beneficial effects can be accounted not only for the monounsaturated nature of its predominant fatty acid (oleic acid), but also for the bioactivity of its minor compounds, which can act on cells though both direct and indirect mechanisms due to their ability to modulate gene expression. Among the minor constituents of virgin olive oil, secoiridoids stand out for their capacity to modulate many pathways that are relevant for the aging process. Attenuation of aging-related alterations by olive oil or its minor compounds has been observed in cellular, animal and human models. How olive oil targets the hallmarks of aging could explain the improvement of health, reduced risk of aging-associated diseases, and increased longevity which have been associated with consumption of a typical Mediterranean diet containing this edible oil as the predominant fat source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Fernández del Río
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, University of Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, Severo Ochoa Building, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Elena Gutiérrez-Casado
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, University of Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, Severo Ochoa Building, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Varela-López
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s.n., Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - José M Villalba
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, University of Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, Severo Ochoa Building, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
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