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Song H, Shi H, Ji M, Ding J, Cong L, Chen S, Zhou J, Zha X, Ye J, Li R, Hou X, Mao S, Jiang X, Zhang W, Li J, Zhang Y. Burdock miR8175 in diet improves insulin resistance induced by obesity in mice through food absorption. iScience 2024; 27:109705. [PMID: 38660399 PMCID: PMC11039404 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induced by obesity is rapidly increasing. Although there are many synthetic drugs for treating T2DM, they have various side effects. Here, we report that miR8175, a plant miRNA from burdock root, has effective antidiabetic activity. After administration of burdock decoction or synthetic miR8175 by gavage, both burdock decoction and miR8175 can significantly improve the impaired glucose metabolism of diabetic mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Our results demonstrate that burdock decoction and miR8175 enhance the insulin sensitivity of the hepatic insulin signaling pathway by targeting Ptprf and Ptp1b, which may be the reason for the improvement in metabolism. This study provides a theoretical basis for the main active component and molecular mechanism of burdock to improve insulin resistance. And the study also suggests that plant miRNA may be an indispensable nutrient for maintaining human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichen Song
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University; Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Huanhuan Shi
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengru Ji
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiaqi Ding
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Silin Chen
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinyan Zha
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinyang Ye
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Runcheng Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Siyu Mao
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institues of Biomedical Sciences of Inner Mongolia University, Inner Mongolia 010020, China
| | - Jing Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Nanjing 210023, China
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Malaník M, Farková V, Křížová J, Kresová A, Šmejkal K, Kašparovský T, Dadáková K. Comparison of Metabolic Profiles of Fruits of Arctium lappa, Arctium minus, and Arctium tomentosum. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2024:10.1007/s11130-024-01175-w. [PMID: 38589624 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01175-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Metabolites of the edible and medicinal plant Arctium have been shown to possess beneficial activities. The phytochemical profile of Arctium lappa is well-explored and its fruits are known to contain mainly lignans, fatty acids, and sterols. But the fruits of other Arctium species have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study compares the metabolic profiles of the fruits of A. lappa, Arctium tomentosum, and Arctium minus. Targeted metabolomics led to the putative identification of 53 metabolites in the fruit extracts, the majority of these being lignans and fatty acids. Quantification of the major lignans showed that the year of collection had a significant effect on the lignan content. Furthermore, A. lappa fruits contained lesser amounts of arctigenin but greater amounts of arctigenin glycoside than A. minus fruits. Regarding the profile of fatty acids, A. minus fruits differed from the others in the presence of linolelaidic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Malaník
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Farková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Křížová
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alice Kresová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Šmejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kašparovský
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Dadáková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Mondal SC, Eun JB. Mechanistic insights on burdock (Arctium lappa L.) extract effects on diabetes mellitus. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:999-1008. [PMID: 35873376 PMCID: PMC9300799 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 is amongst the most common chronic diseases, being responsible for various problems in humans and contributing to increased mortality rates worldwide. Fructooligosaccharide, which can be produced from the roots of burdock (Arctium lappa L.), has been shown to have a wide range of pharmacological proprieties, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic effects. Moreover, burdock also contains chlorogenic acid, which has been used in traditional medicine as an antioxidant. Considering its natural origin and minimal toxicity, burdock fructooligosaccharides (BFO) has gained considerable attention from researchers owing its wide, efficient, and beneficial action against DM. Although the effectiveness of fructooligosaccharide and chlorogenic acid has been extensively discussed, limited information is available on the application of burdock for DM treatment. In this review, we discuss the beneficial contributions, and the recent in vitro and in vivo analytical findings on A. lappa extract as DM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakti Chandra Mondal
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Chonnam, National University, Gwangju, 61186 South Korea
- Department of Food Processing and Preservation, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, 5200 Bangladesh
| | - Jong-Bang Eun
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Chonnam, National University, Gwangju, 61186 South Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Rm#110, CALS Bldg 3, Gwangju, 61186 South Korea
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4
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An S, Wang D, Ma X, Liu C. Whole body vibration remodels skeletal muscle via autophagy and energy metabolism in diabetic mice. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:182. [PMID: 35322859 PMCID: PMC8972300 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia occurs due to a defect in insulin secretion or impaired biological functions, or both. The long-term hyperglycemia during diabetes causes chronic damage and dysfunction of various tissues. Whole body vibration (WBV) has significant effects on lipid and glucose metabolism and endocrine and motor systems. In order to explore the effects of WBV on skeletal muscle, mice trained for 12 weeks with WBV (15 Hz, 30 min) were used as experimental subjects and their skeletal muscle morphology under the pathological state of diabetes was observed. In addition, the blood lipids, blood glucose, gastrocnemius muscle glycogen and mRNA and protein levels of autophagy and glucose metabolism biomarkers were compared among the three groups of mice via western blot and RT-qPCR. The results showed that WBV can significantly reshape skeletal muscle morphology and upregulate high density lipoprotein. The expression of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P), Beclin1 and Atg7 in the gastrocnemius muscle of the WBV group was significantly increased. Therefore, it can be concluded that WBV promotes skeletal muscle remodeling in diabetic mice. The present study confirmed that WBV can attenuate the development of diabetes melitus (DM) and lead to lower level low density lipoprotein in the blood. In addition, G6P level plays an important role in WBV-treated DM model and may be used to monitor the effect of WBV in patients. The findings of the present study may provide a new molecular basis for WBV to play a therapeutic role in the treatment of diabetes and may have potential clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan An
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Dahao Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Xue Ma
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
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5
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Ding M, Tang Z, Liu W, Shao T, Yuan P, Chen K, Zhou Y, Han J, Zhang J, Wang G. Burdock Fructooligosaccharide Attenuates High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress Injury in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:784187. [PMID: 34955856 PMCID: PMC8695902 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.784187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress injury are thought to play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Attenuating high glucose (HG)-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury has become a potential approach to ameliorate DN. In recent years, burdock fructooligosaccharide (BFO), a water-soluble inulin-type fructooligosaccharide extracted from burdock root, has been shown to have a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and hypolipidemic activities. However, the role and mechanism of BFO in rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E cells) have rarely been investigated. The present study investigated the protective effect of BFO on HG-induced damage in NRK-52E cells. BFO could protect NRK-52E cells against the reduced cell viability and significantly increased apoptosis rate induced by HG. These anti-oxidative stress effects of BFO were related to the significant inhibition of the production of reactive oxygen species, stabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased antioxidant (superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities. Furthermore, BFO increased the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and Bcl-2 and decreased the expression of Bax. In conclusion, these findings suggest that BFO protects NRK-52E cells against HG-induced damage by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Ding
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhiyan Tang
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Taili Shao
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Pingchuan Yuan
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Kaoshan Chen
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Yuyan Zhou
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Jun Han
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
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Yuan PC, Shao TL, Han J, Liu CY, Wang GD, He SG, Xu SX, Nian SH, Chen KS. Burdock fructooligosaccharide as an α-glucosidase inhibitor and its antidiabetic effect on high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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de Menezes BB, Frescura LM, Duarte R, Villetti MA, da Rosa MB. A critical examination of the DPPH method: Mistakes and inconsistencies in stoichiometry and IC 50 determination by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1157:338398. [PMID: 33832588 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The DPPH method has been reported with misconceptions in a large number of studies, thus precluding comparison of results. Attention is drawn to a common mistake in the unit used to express the IC50 of ascorbic acid and other antioxidant substances. Concentration of the antioxidant is widely misused with a total disregard for the DPPH• concentration, while the molar ratio of antioxidant/DPPH• would be the correct choice. Data from 26 studies with widely varying IC50 values were renormalized according to reaction stoichiometry, resulting in values which are more coherent and closer to the ideal one of 0.25 for at least 15 of them. In addition, the model which is currently being used to calculate the DPPH• concentration can lead to an overestimation of around 7%, as it does not take into account the small contribution of the reaction product. In view of that, we present a mathematical model to correct the overestimation of the DPPH• concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Brummelhaus de Menezes
- Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Department of Chemistry, Av. Roraima, 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Mironuk Frescura
- Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Department of Chemistry, Av. Roraima, 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Duarte
- Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Department of Chemistry, Av. Roraima, 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio Villetti
- Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Department of Physics, Av. Roraima, 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Barcellos da Rosa
- Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Department of Chemistry, Av. Roraima, 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Ha MS, Yook JS, Lee M, Suwabe K, Jeong WM, Kwak JJ, Soya H. Exercise training and burdock root (Arctium lappa L.) extract independently improve abdominal obesity and sex hormones in elderly women with metabolic syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5175. [PMID: 33664334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing among the elderly, and new lifestyle-based treatment strategies are warranted. We conducted a randomized, double-blind controlled trial of the effects of aquatic exercise (AE) and/or consumption of burdock root extract (BE) on body composition and serum sex hormones, i.e., testosterone, estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) in elderly women with MS. The percentage of abdominal fat was decreased in the AE group. Waist circumference was increased in the control (CON) group, but not in the other groups. SHBG and estradiol levels were enhanced by both AE and BE and correlated with changes in fat-related body composition. DHEA-S levels only increased in the BE group, which was consistent with changes in lean body mass. Testosterone levels decreased in the CON group, which correlated with changes in lean body mass, skeletal muscle mass, body fat, and waist circumference. Our findings suggested that the combined AE/BE intervention exerted no synergistic and/or additive effects on any sex-related outcome measures in elderly women with MS.
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El Khatib N, Morel S, Hugon G, Rapior S, Carnac G, Saint N. Identification of a Sesquiterpene Lactone from Arctium lappa Leaves with Antioxidant Activity in Primary Human Muscle Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:1328. [PMID: 33801315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many pathologies affecting muscles (muscular dystrophies, sarcopenia, cachexia, renal insufficiency, obesity, diabetes type 2, etc.) are now clearly linked to mechanisms involving oxidative stress. In this context, there is a growing interest in exploring plants to find new natural antioxidants to prevent the appearance and the development of these muscle disorders. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant properties of Arctium lappa leaves in a model of primary human muscle cells exposed to H2O2 oxidative stress. We identified using bioassay-guided purification, onopordopicrin, a sesquiterpene lactone as the main molecule responsible for the antioxidant activity of A. lappa leaf extract. According to our findings, onopordopicrin inhibited the H2O2-mediated loss of muscle cell viability, by limiting the production of free radicals and abolishing DNA cellular damages. Moreover, we showed that onopordopicrin promoted the expression of the nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) downstream target protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in muscle cells. By using siRNA, we demonstrated that the inhibition of the expression of Nrf2 reduced the protective effect of onopordopicrin, indicating that the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway mediates the antioxidant effect of onopordopicrin in primary human muscle cells. Therefore, our results suggest that onopordopicrin may be a potential therapeutic molecule to fight against oxidative stress in pathological specific muscle disorders.
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Liu Z, Li Y, Yu L, Chang Y, Yu J. Penehyclidine hydrochloride inhibits renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute lung injury by activating the Nrf2 pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:13400-13421. [PMID: 32652517 PMCID: PMC7377887 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor (NF)-κB and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) pathways promote inflammatory signaling that injures the kidneys, whereas the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway promotes anti-inflammatory signaling that inhibits oxidative damage. Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) inhibits NF-κB and activates Nrf2 signaling. We investigated whether PHC induces communication between the Nrf2 and NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways, thereby protecting against renal ischemia/reperfusion (rI/R)-induced lung inflammation. Rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383 cells) were stimulated for 24 h with PHC with or without brusatol (a Nrf2 antagonist), after which they were treated for 4 h with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (10 mM). PHC Nrf2-dependently alleviated tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced reactive oxygen species production in alveolar macrophages. Additionally, wild-type and Nrf2-/- rats were each divided into four groups: (1) sham, (2) PHC (1 mg/kg), (3) rI/R and (4) rI/R + PHC (1 mg/kg). PHC markedly induced the Nrf2 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathways and suppressed rI/R-induced NF-κB and NLRP3 activation in the lungs. Nrf2 deficiency diminished the ability of PHC to ameliorate rI/R-induced histopathological alterations and reactive oxygen species release in the lungs; however, PHC inhibited NLRP3 signaling Nrf2-dependently, while it inhibited NF-κB signaling Nrf2-independently. Our findings demonstrate the beneficial effects of PHC on rI/R-induced lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Yulin Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Jingui Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Tenore GC, Caruso D, D’Avino M, Buonomo G, Caruso G, Ciampaglia R, Schiano E, Maisto M, Annunziata G, Novellino E. A Pilot Screening of Agro-Food Waste Products as Sources of Nutraceutical Formulations to Improve Simulated Postprandial Glycaemia and Insulinaemia in Healthy Subjects. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051292. [PMID: 32370061 PMCID: PMC7282253 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of glucose homeostasis is the main goal for both the prevention and management of diabetes and pre-diabetes. Numerous drugs are available, despite their side effects. This is constantly leading people to be inclined to natural alternative treatments. Evidence indicates antioxidant-based nutraceuticals as an optimal tool for the glycaemic control. Currently, a great interest has been focused on the valorisation of agro-food by-products as sources of bioactive compounds including polyphenols. In this sense, we tested the efficacy of novel nutraceutical products based on polyphenolic extract from nectarines (NecP), tomato peels (TP), and olive leaves (EOL) on glycaemic and insulinemic responses. The three formulations contained, respectively, 0.007 mg abscisic acid (ABA)/g, 0.5 mg carotenoids/g, and 150 mg oleuropein/g. Twenty healthy subjects consumed a regular glucose solution (RG) or a treatment beverage (TB) obtained by mixing RG with the individual formulations (TB NecP, TB EOL, and TB TP), separately, and on different days. All three formulations significantly lowered the 30 min glucose plasma peak (p < 0.05 for all); similarly, NecP and TP also significantly lowered the 30 min insulin plasma peak (p < 0.05 for all). These results may lead to the hypothesis of a formulation of a multi-component nutraceutical with a synergistic efficacy for the glycaemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.T.); (R.C.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Domenico Caruso
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Cardarelli, Via Antonio Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Maria D’Avino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Cardarelli, Via Antonio Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Buonomo
- Coop. Samnium Medica, Viale C. Colombo 18, 82037 Benevento, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Emergency, Hospital Cardarelli, Via Antonio Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Roberto Ciampaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.T.); (R.C.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Elisabetta Schiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.T.); (R.C.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Maria Maisto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.T.); (R.C.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Giuseppe Annunziata
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.T.); (R.C.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (E.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-340-001-6504
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.T.); (R.C.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (E.N.)
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12
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Miazga-Karska M, Michalak K, Ginalska G. Anti-Acne Action of Peptides Isolated from Burdock Root-Preliminary Studies and Pilot Testing. Molecules 2020; 25:E2027. [PMID: 32349230 PMCID: PMC7248785 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to study the anti-bacterial, anti-biofilm and anti-oxidant potential effects of low molecular weight (LMW) peptides (Br-p) isolated from burdock (Arctium lappa L.) roots. We conducted a preliminary study to exclude or confirm the antibiotic activity of the LMW peptides fraction of this plant. Br-p were isolated using gel filtration and a 10 kDa cut-off membrane. The obtained peptides were identified by MALDI TOF/TOF. Antibacterial activity was tested against acne strains using diffusion tests, MIC and MBC. The fibroblast cytotoxicity of Br-p was tested, and the selectivity index (SI) value was determined. The fraction of 46 Br-p peptides isolated from burdock root with a molecular weight below 5000 Da and theoretic pI (isoelectric point) of 3.67-11.83 showed a narrow spectrum of activity against Gram-positive acne bacterial strains. One of the Br-p peptides assessed on MALDI RapidDeNovo was LRCDYGRFFASKSLYDPLKKRR cationic peptide. It was analogous to that contained in A. lappa protein, and theoretically it was matched as a peptide with antibiotic nature. Br-p did not show toxicity to fibroblasts in the tested concentration up to 10 mg/mL, obtaining CC50 10 mg/mL. The SI value for the tested Propionibacterium strains ranged from 160 to 320. Finally, an active dressing based on chitosan/alginate/genipin was prepared using freeze-drying. The formed dressing was evaluated for its anti-acne activity. To sum up: preliminary biological studies confirmed the anti-acne properties of the isolated peptide fraction from burdock root and pointed to the possibility of using it to create an active dressing on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Miazga-Karska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-832 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Michalak
- Department of Epizootiology, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Life Sciences, Gleboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Grazyna Ginalska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-832 Lublin, Poland;
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Wang W, Zhang J, Yang X, Huang F. Hypoglycemic activity of CPU2206: A novel peptide from sika (Cervus nippon Temminck) antler. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e13063. [PMID: 31576599 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous work had extracted and purified an antidiabetic peptide named CPU2206 with 7,127.6 Da. In this work, the toxicity of CPU2206 was first evaluated by daily administration to ICR mice, and after 28 days of administration, the body weight and lipid metabolism of the mice did not change significantly, which proved its safety and reliability. Second, further studies have focused on its hypoglycemic effects by daily intraperitoneal injection to alloxan-induced diabetic mice and KK-Ay mice, showing that CPU2206 effectively decreased the blood glucose and corresponding indicators of diabetic mice. Daily administration of CPU2206 nearly normalized the lipid metabolic parameters in diabetic mice. Histological examination also validated that CPU2206 ameliorated the pancreas injuries induced by alloxan or alleviated islet hypertrophy caused by insulin resistance in KK-Ay mice. To sum up, a totally new bioactive peptide CPU2206 obtained from sika antler showed significantly antidiabetic as well as lipid-lowering effects in diabetic mice. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Antler has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine to invigorate primordial energy, enrich the blood, strengthen bones, and improve both male and female sexual functions for thousands of years. Traditionally, velvet antler can be grinded directly and taken orally, or used in porridge, wine and meat stew. Our experiment enriches the research on the function of edible antlers, provides the basis for developing it into functional health food, and on the other hand, provides an idea for finding new antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqiu Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Junying Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Fengjie Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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