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Agrawal G, Sanyal P. Discerning animal-sourced food in diet using isotope analysis of human scalp hair and fingernails. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:409-423. [PMID: 38006443 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03273-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diet-related diseases are advancing as the leading cause of death globally. As self-reporting of diet by patients can be associated with errors, stable isotopes of human tissues can be used to diagnose diseases, understand physiology, and detect change in diet. This study investigates the effect of type and amount of food on the nitrogen and carbon concentration (Nconc and Cconc) and isotopic composition (δ15N and δ13C) in human scalp hair and fingernails. METHODS A total of 100 residents participated in the study whereas only 74 individuals provided complete diet history. Sixty-six food items majorly available to them were also collected. The Nconc, Cconc, δ15N and δ13C values of human hair, nails and food items were determined. RESULTS The Nconc, Cconc, δ15N and δ13C values between plant-sourced and animal-sourced food items, as well as human hair and nail tissue were significantly different (p < 0.05). The δ15N value of human tissues was distinct between lacto-vegetarians and omnivores by 0.9‰. The δ15N and δ13C values of human tissues increased by 0.4-0.5‰ with every 5% increase in the consumption of animal protein. CONCLUSIONS The study helps to demarcate lacto-vegetarians from omnivores, and estimate the percentage of animal protein in diet based on the dual isotope values of human tissues. It also acts as a reference to determine isotopic composition of hair tissue provided the isotope value of nail tissue is known and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Agrawal
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
| | - Prasanta Sanyal
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
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2
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Ahn SV, Park JK. The association between carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of human hair and hypertension. Clin Hypertens 2023; 29:4. [PMID: 36721223 PMCID: PMC9890701 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-022-00228-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between stable isotope ratios and dietary protein sources has been reported. However, few studies have examined the effect of stable isotope ratios on metabolic risk in humans. We investigated whether the stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in human hair are associated with blood pressure and hypertension. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 392 subjects (228 men and 164 women). Hair samples of the subjects were used for the measurement of stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N). RESULTS The δ13C and δ15N values showed positive correlations with diastolic blood pressure in the subjects without antihypertensive medication. In the subjects without antihypertensive medication, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for hypertension was 1.55 (1.04-2.30) per 1‰ increase in δ15N and 1.22 (0.86-1.73) per 1‰ increase in δ13C, respectively. However, in the subjects with antihypertensive medication, neither δ13C nor δ15N values showed a significant association with hypertension. CONCLUSIONS The stable isotopic ratio of nitrogen in scalp hair is independently associated with hypertension in subjects without antihypertensive medication. The hair δ15N value might be used as a surrogate marker to screen a high-risk population for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Vogue Ahn
- grid.255649.90000 0001 2171 7754Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ku Park
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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3
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Lehn C, Hameder A, Graw M. Holiday trip to Norway - a stable isotope project on hair strands of individuals of a travel group from Bavaria. Int J Legal Med 2023; 137:251-258. [PMID: 35665854 PMCID: PMC9816270 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-022-02839-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hair strands were taken from individuals of a travel group from Bavaria that stayed on the Lofoten Islands/Norway for 3 weeks. By means of serial stable isotope analyses of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and hydrogen along the hair strands, food-specific changes during travel could be detected. The higher consumption of marine fish led to significant changes of the stable isotope values of nitrogen, sulphur and hydrogen. The highest differences for the values were found in the most proximal part of hair strands which were taken shortly after the trip. The basic values for the isotope distribution of the elements in the hair also indicate specific diets of some individuals that could be confirmed upon request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lehn
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Annika Hameder
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Graw
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
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4
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Mie A, Novak V, Franko MA, Bügel SG, Laursen KH. Fertilizer Type Affects Stable Isotope Ratios of Nitrogen in Human Blood Plasma─Results from Two-Year Controlled Agricultural Field Trials and a Randomized Crossover Dietary Intervention Study. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:3391-3399. [PMID: 35263104 PMCID: PMC8949720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The stable nitrogen isotope ratio δ15N is used as a marker of dietary protein sources in blood. Crop fertilization strategies affect δ15N in plant foods. In a double-blinded randomized cross-over dietary intervention trial with 33 participants, we quantified the effect of fertilizer type (conventional: synthetic fertilizer and organic: animal or green manure) on δ15N in blood plasma. At study baseline, plasma δ15N was +9.34 ± 0.29‰ (mean ± standard deviation). After 12 days intervention with a diet based on crops fertilized with animal manure, plasma δ15N was shifted by +0.27 ± 0.04‰ (mean ± standard error) compared to synthetic fertilization and by +0.22 ± 0.04‰ compared to fertilization with green manure (both p < 0.0001). Accordingly, differences in the δ15N values between fertilizers are propagated to the blood plasma of human consumers. The results indicate a need to consider agricultural practices when using δ15N as a dietary biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Mie
- Department
of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 11883, Sweden
- Department
of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
| | - Vlastimil Novak
- Plant
Nutrients and Food Quality Research Group, Plant and Soil Science
Section and Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and
Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C 1871, Denmark
| | - Mikael Andersson Franko
- Department
of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 11883, Sweden
| | - Susanne Gjedsted Bügel
- Preventive
and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C 1871, Denmark
| | - Kristian Holst Laursen
- Plant
Nutrients and Food Quality Research Group, Plant and Soil Science
Section and Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and
Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C 1871, Denmark
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Jesus Silva R, Nardoto GB, Schor T, da Silva MRF, Martinelli LA. Impacts of market economy access and livelihood conditions on agro-food transition in rural communities in three macro-regions of Brazil. Environ Dev Sustain 2021; 24:1010-1030. [PMID: 33994843 PMCID: PMC8108737 DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01480-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization has threatened rural communities' livelihoods worldwide, changing their agro-food systems from locally produced traditional items to industrialized foodstuffs. The main objective was to investigate the relationship between livelihood conditions and the agro-food transition process in rural communities of the Center-West, Northeast, and Amazon regions of Brazil. We hypothesized that traditional agroecosystems and local food habits changed with greater access to market economies. The study was conducted with semi-structured questionnaire interviews to verify agro-food patterns, subsistence farming, natural resource use, and socioeconomic conditions. Moreover, we used stable isotope ratios from the inhabitants' fingernails to determine the food source and trophic chain diversity. Data from questionnaires were analyzed using a Bayesian clustering model to characterize the socioeconomic conditions and agro-food patterns among rural and urban communities. The isotopic data were appraised through a nonparametric model to assess food differences among Brazilian regions and different community types. The Bayesian model allowed us to determine the optimal number of groups according to descriptive socioeconomic and agro-food variables sorted by each specific location. We also verified a food change from C3 (more natural) to C4 (more processed) with an increase in δ 13C and a decrease in δ 15N in the city and town localities. This indicates a livelihood shift from locally produced foods to processed items toward urban areas. Although remote villages showed more maintenance of their agro-food systems, increased access to market economies and the supermarket diet is changing the livelihood conditions of rural communities, which can compromise their traditional farming and food sovereignty.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Bielefeld Nardoto
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Tatiana Schor
- Departamento de Geografia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Antônio Martinelli
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), Departamento de Ecologia Isotópica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, Brazil
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De Luca A, Küster A, Tea I, Darmaun D, Rozé JC, Robins R, Hankard R. Plasma amino acid pools in the umbilical cord artery show lower 15N natural isotope abundance relative to the maternal venous pools. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2021; 57:3-10. [PMID: 32972258 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2020.1817914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
15N natural isotope abundance (NIA) is systematically higher in infants' hair than in that of their mothers at birth. This study aimed to investigate this difference in plasma pools. We compared 15N NIA values for plasma amino acid (AA) pools (free + protein-bound) in the umbilical cord artery (UCA) and vein (UCV) and in the maternal vein (MV) at birth. This preliminary study included 7 mother-infant dyads. Whole plasma was treated (HCl) to hydrolyze protein. Following derivatization, AAs were separated using gas chromatography and compound-specific 15N NIA values were measured on-line using an isotope ratio monitoring mass spectrometer. 15N NIA plasma AA pools in the UCA and UCV were highly correlated to the MV, r 2 > 0.89 and r 2 > 0.88 (both P < 10-4) respectively. The full model found a significant effect of sampling compartment (P = 0.02) and AA type (P < 0.0001) on 15N NIA plasma AA values. 15N NIA plasma AA was 0.74 ‰ higher (P = 0.01) in the MV than in the UCA. This study indicates that a decrease in 15N NIA for plasma AA pools occurs in the fetal-placental unit. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00607061.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud De Luca
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours, France
- Nutrition Unit, Regional University Hospital Centre, Tours, France
| | - Alice Küster
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Units, University Hospital Centre, Nantes, France
- INRAE UMR PhAN, University of Nantes, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France
| | - Illa Tea
- University of Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes, France
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Rozé
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Units, University Hospital Centre, Nantes, France
- INRAE UMR PhAN, University of Nantes, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France
| | - Richard Robins
- University of Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes, France
| | - Régis Hankard
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours, France
- Nutrition Unit, Regional University Hospital Centre, Tours, France
- University F Rabelais, Tours, France
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7
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Fauberteau AE, Chartrand MM, Hu L, St-Jean G, Bataille CP. Investigating a cold case using high-resolution multi-isotope profiles in human hair. Forensic Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2020.100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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8
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Hülsemann F, Fußhöller G, Lehn C, Thevis M. Excretion of 19‐norandrosterone after consumption of boar meat. Drug Test Anal 2020; 12:1581-1586. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hülsemann
- Institute of Biochemistry German Sport University Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Gregor Fußhöller
- Institute of Biochemistry German Sport University Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Christine Lehn
- Institute of Legal Medicine University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Mario Thevis
- Institute of Biochemistry German Sport University Cologne Cologne Germany
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9
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Hu L, Chartrand MMG, St-Jean G, Lopes M, Bataille CP. Assessing the Reliability of Mobility Interpretation From a Multi-Isotope Hair Profile on a Traveling Individual. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.568943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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10
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Ammer S, Bartelink E, Vollner J, Anderson B, Cunha E. Socioeconomic and geographic implications from carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotope ratios in human hair from Mexico. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 316:110455. [PMID: 32858379 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This article presents data on carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) isotopic composition of human hair collected throughout Mexico. The recorded values ranged from -18.3‰ to -12.8‰ for δ13C, 6.8‰ to 10.8‰ for δ15N and from 2.7‰ to 8.0‰ for δ34S. The socioeconomic covariates explored in this study showed, in part strong correlations with the recorded isotope values. Furthermore, these three isotope systems provide records of the dietary preferences and practices and also showed some spatial variation. This study detected geospatial patterning in the δ13C values of hair samples from Mexico as well as significant correlations with socioeconomic factors. No geospatial variation was detected in the δ15N and δ34S values, however, socioeconomic correlations were found. A δ13C isoscape was generated using a GIS approach, which provides a tool to narrow down region-of-origin predictions (in combination with other isotope systems) and to document the travel history of unidentified individuals.
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11
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Bataille CP, Chartrand MMG, Raposo F, St-Jean G. Assessing geographic controls of hair isotopic variability in human populations: A case-study in Canada. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237105. [PMID: 32776947 PMCID: PMC7416927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the isotope variability in fast-growing human tissues (e.g., hair, nails) is a powerful tool to investigate human nutrition. However, interpreting the controls of this isotopic variability at the population scale is often challenging as multiple factors can superimpose on the isotopic signals of a current population. Here, we analyse carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur isotopes in hair from 590 Canadian resident volunteers along with demographics, dietary and geographic information about each participant. We use a series of machine-learning regressions to demonstrate that the isotopic values in Canadian residents' hair are not only influenced by dietary choices but by geographic controls. First, we show that isotopic values in Canadian residents' hair have a limited range of variability consistent with the homogenization of Canadian dietary habits (as in other industrialized countries). As expected, some of the isotopic variability within the population correlates with recorded individual dietary choices. More interestingly, some regional spatial patterns emerge from carbon and sulphur isotope variations. The high carbon isotope composition of the hair of eastern Canadians relative to that of western Canadians correlates with the dominance of corn in the eastern Canadian food-industry. The gradient of sulphur isotope composition in Canadian hair from coast to inland regions correlates with the increasing soil pH and decreasing deposition of marine-derived sulphate aerosols in local food systems. We conclude that part of the isotopic variability found in the hair of Canadian residents reflects the isotopic signature associated with specific environmental conditions and agricultural practices of regional food systems transmitted to humans through the high consumption rate of intra-provincial food in Canada. Our study also underscores the strong potential of sulphur isotopes as tracers of human and food provenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement P. Bataille
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Francis Raposo
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gilles St-Jean
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara P. V. Matos
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Glen P. Jackson
- Department of Forensic and Investigative Science, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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13
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Votruba SB, Shaw PA, Oh EJ, Venti CA, Bonfiglio S, Krakoff J, O'Brien DM. Associations of plasma, RBCs, and hair carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios with fish, meat, and sugar-sweetened beverage intake in a 12-wk inpatient feeding study. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:1306-1315. [PMID: 31515553 PMCID: PMC6885477 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Naturally occurring carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios [13C/12C (CIR) and 15N/14N (NIR)] are promising dietary biomarkers. As these candidate biomarkers have long tissue residence times, long-term feeding studies are needed for their evaluation. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to evaluate plasma, RBCs, and hair CIR and NIR as biomarkers of fish, meat, and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake in a 12-wk dietary intervention. METHODS Thirty-two men (aged 46.2 ± 10.5 y; BMI: 27.2 ± 4.0 kg/m2) underwent a 12-wk inpatient dietary intervention at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) in Phoenix, Arizona. The effects of fish, meat, and SSB intake on CIR and NIR were evaluated using a balanced factorial design, with each intake factor at 2 levels (present/absent) in a common, background diet (50% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 20% protein). Fasting blood samples were taken biweekly from baseline, and hair samples were collected at baseline and postintervention. Data were analyzed using multivariable regression. RESULTS The postintervention CIR of plasma was elevated when diets included meat (β = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.73,1.05) and SSBs (β = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.64). The postintervention NIR of plasma was elevated when diets included fish (β = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.64, 1.05) and meat (β = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.8). Results were similar for RBCs and hair. Postintervention RBC CIR and NIR had strong associations with baseline, suggesting that turnover to the intervention diets was incomplete after 12 wk. Estimates of isotopic turnover rate further confirmed incomplete turnover of RBCs. CONCLUSIONS CIR was associated with meat and SSBs, and more strongly with meat. NIR was associated with fish and meat, and more strongly with fish. Overall, CIR and NIR discriminated between dietary fish and meat, and to a lesser extent SSBs, indicating their potential utility as biomarkers of intake in US diets. Approaches to make these biomarkers more specific are needed. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01237093.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne B Votruba
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/NIH, Phoenix, AZ, USA,Address correspondence to SBV (e-mail: )
| | - Pamela A Shaw
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eric J Oh
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Colleen A Venti
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/NIH, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Susan Bonfiglio
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/NIH, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jonathan Krakoff
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/NIH, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Diane M O'Brien
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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14
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Correia MA, Foley R, O'Connell TC, Ramírez-Rozzi F, Mirazón Lahr M. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic signatures of hair, nail, and breath from tropical African human populations. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2019; 33:1761-1773. [PMID: 31287915 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Stable isotopic analyses are increasingly used to study the diets of past and present human populations. Yet, the carbon and nitrogen isotopic data of modern human diets collected so far are biased towards Europe and North America. Here, we address this gap by reporting on the dietary isotopic signatures of six tropical African communities: El Molo, Turkana (Kerio), Luhya (Webuye), Luhya (Port Victoria), and Luo (Port Victoria) from Kenya, and Baka from Cameroon; representing four subsistence strategies: fishing, pastoralism, agriculturalism, and hunter-gatherer. METHODS We used an elemental analyser coupled in continuous-flow mode to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer to measure the carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios of hair (n = 134) and nail (n = 80) and the carbon isotopic ratios of breath (n = 184) from these communities, as well as the carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios of some food samples from the Kenyan communities. RESULTS We expand on the known range of δ13 C values in human hair through the hunter-gatherer Baka, with a diet based on C3 plants, and through the agriculturalist Luhya (Webuye), with a diet based on C4 plants. In addition, we found that the consumption of fish from East African lakes is difficult to detect isotopically due to the combined effects of high nitrogen isotopic ratios of plants and the low nitrogen isotopic ratios of fish. Finally, we found that some of the communities studied are markedly changing their diets through increasing sedentism and urbanisation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings contribute substantially to the understanding of the environmental, demographic, and economic dynamics that affect the dietary landscape of different tropical populations of Africa. These results highlight the importance of studying a broader sample of human populations and their diet, with a focus on their precise context - from both isotopic and more general anthropological perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ana Correia
- Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Street, Cambridge, CB2 1QH, UK
| | - Robert Foley
- Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Street, Cambridge, CB2 1QH, UK
- Turkana Basin Institute, Hardy Post, 2nd Floor, Ushirika Road, Nairobi, 24467-00502, Kenya
| | - Tamsin C O'Connell
- McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK
| | - Fernando Ramírez-Rozzi
- Écoanthropologie, Musée de l'Homme (UMR 7206), 17 place du Trocadéro, Paris, 75116, France
| | - Marta Mirazón Lahr
- Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Street, Cambridge, CB2 1QH, UK
- Turkana Basin Institute, Hardy Post, 2nd Floor, Ushirika Road, Nairobi, 24467-00502, Kenya
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15
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De Luca A, Bernardo K, Frasquet-Darrieux M, Christin P, Schiphorst AM, Grand M, Ingrand P, Robins RJ, Hankard R. Maternal obesity does not influence human milk protein 15N natural isotope abundance. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2019; 55:385-393. [PMID: 31132878 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2019.1620229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Obesity increases protein metabolism with a potential effect on nitrogen isotope fractionation. The aim of this study was to test the influence of obesity on human milk extracted protein 15N natural isotope abundance (NIA) at one month post-partum and to compare human milk extracted protein 15N NIA and bulk infant hair 15N NIA. This cross-sectional observational study involved 16 obese mothers (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg m-2 before pregnancy) matched with 16 normal-weight mothers (18.5 kg m-2 ≤ BMI < 25 kg m-2) for age and pregnancy characteristics. Human milk extracted protein and bulk infant hair 15N NIA were determined by isotope ratio monitoring by mass spectrometry interfaced to an elemental analyser (IRM-EA/MS). No significant difference was found in human milk protein 15N NIA values between obese and normal-weight mothers (8.93 ± 0.48 ‰ vs. 8.95 ± 0.27 ‰). However, human milk protein 15N NIA was significantly lower than bulk infant hair 15N NIA: 8.94 ± 0.38 ‰ vs. 9.66 ± 0.69 ‰, respectively. On the basis of these results, it is concluded that human milk protein 15N NIA measured at one month post-partum is not influenced by maternal obesity. These findings suggest that 15N NIA may be exploited to study metabolism without considering maternal obesity as a confounder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud De Luca
- a Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1069 , Tours , France
- b Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Tours , Tours , France
| | - Karine Bernardo
- a Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1069 , Tours , France
- b Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Tours , Tours , France
| | | | - Patricia Christin
- c Pediatrics and Child Nutrition, University Hospital , Poitiers , France
- d Maternity Ward, General Hospital , Chatellerault , France
| | - Anne-Marie Schiphorst
- e Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, CEISAM, CNRS-University of Nantes, UMR 6230 , Nantes , France
| | - Mathilde Grand
- e Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, CEISAM, CNRS-University of Nantes, UMR 6230 , Nantes , France
| | - Pierre Ingrand
- f Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) CIC 1402 , Poitiers , France
- g Institute of Public Health, Poitiers University , Poitiers , France
| | - Richard J Robins
- e Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, CEISAM, CNRS-University of Nantes, UMR 6230 , Nantes , France
| | - Regis Hankard
- a Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1069 , Tours , France
- b Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Tours , Tours , France
- h Faculty of Medicine, F Rabelais University , Tours , France
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Abdalla Filho AL, Nardoto GB, Galera LDA, de Souza JL, Reis LS, Hernandez YA, Sales R, Gerardi DG, Martinelli LA. Is the 'canine surrogacy approach' (CSA) still valid for dogs and humans in market-oriented and subsistence-oriented communities in Brazil? Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2019; 55:227-236. [PMID: 30943760 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2019.1598986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Based on the assumptions that human food is available for dogs and isotope diet-tissue differences are similar in dogs and humans, the 'canine surrogacy approach' (CSA) has been used to infer patterns of ancient populations. The goal of this study was to test the CSA in urban (Brasília and Piracicaba) and in rural (Ubatuba and Maraã) areas. The hair C and N isotope ratios of modern dogs were compared with those of human fingernails from different regions of Brazil. Our CSA results showed a correlation between dog and human isotopes values: in rural areas δ15N of humans and dogs was not statistically different; contrarily, in urban centres, δ15N of humans was approximately 1 ‰ higher (p < 0.01) than δ15N of dogs; humans had lower δ13C values (p < 0.01) than dogs in Brasília, Piracicaba and Ubatuba. In Maraã, there was not any significant difference between dogs and humans. We concluded that CSA is still valid as a first approach in modern societies. However, isotopic differences found suggest that in modern societies processed dog food is increasingly disconnecting human and dog, jeopardising the use of CSA in the future if the trend of increasing processed dog food consumption continues to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leonardo de Aro Galera
- a Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Janaina Leite de Souza
- a Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Luiza Santos Reis
- a Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Rebeca Sales
- c Médica Veterinária, Autônoma , Brasilia , Brazil
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Wang L, Chen M, He P, Yu H, Block KA, Xie Z. Composition and spatial distribution of elements and isotopes of a giant human bladder stone and environmental implications. Sci Total Environ 2019; 650:835-846. [PMID: 30308858 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The composition and spatial distribution of minerals, trace elements, as well as carbon and nitrogen isotopes from the outer crust to inner nucleus of a 20-year old giant human bladder stone comprising thirteen layers were intensively investigated. Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) was found to concentrate in the inner and middle layers, struvite was concentrated in middle and outer layers, and fluorapatite occurred in almost all layers. The spatial distribution of minerals has the potential to provide preliminary knowledge regarding the long-term urine composition, or even the physiological condition of the patient. The stable carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) and stable nitrogen isotope ratio (δ15N) were measured in each layer and significant correlation was found between δ13C with calcium oxalate monohydrate content and between δ15N and struvite content. Nearly constant values of -23.2‰ and 7.1‰ for δ13C and δ15N, respectively, were found in the organic components of the stone. Both isotope ratios indicate a long-term fixed diet consisting mainly of C3 plants, such as rice and wheat, for the 20-year time period of the stone formation. In addition, eighteen elements (Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Al, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu, Sr, Ba, Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Mn and Co) were measured in all the layers. The trace elements Al, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Sr, Ba and Ti showed a similar spatial distribution pattern from the outer crust to the inner core. Although there were complex correlations between elements and minerals, Factor Analysis suggests that the occurrence of these elements in stones may be mainly the result of environmental exposure to metals during the formation of the stone, indicating that urinary stones may serve as potential long-term biomonitors. In particular, Ni and Cr showed a distinct distribution pattern in the stone, which may relate to human metabolic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longquan Wang
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Urology, the 105(th) Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Pengzhen He
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Haiyun Yu
- Department of Urology, the 105(th) Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Karin A Block
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, City College of New York, New York 10031, USA
| | - Zhouqing Xie
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunter G C Kuhnle
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Hülsemann F, Gougoulidis V, Schertel T, Fusshöller G, Flenker U, Piper T, Thevis M. Case Study: Atypical
δ
13
C values of urinary norandrosterone. Drug Test Anal 2018; 10:1728-1733. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hülsemann
- German Sport University Cologne, Institute of Biochemistry Cologne Germany
| | | | - Thomas Schertel
- German Sport University Cologne, Institute of Biochemistry Cologne Germany
| | - Gregor Fusshöller
- German Sport University Cologne, Institute of Biochemistry Cologne Germany
| | - Ulrich Flenker
- German Sport University Cologne, Institute of Biochemistry Cologne Germany
| | - Thomas Piper
- Center for Preventive Doping Research – Institute of BiochemistryGerman Sport University Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Mario Thevis
- German Sport University Cologne, Institute of Biochemistry Cologne Germany
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Bernardo K, Jousse C, Fafournoux P, Schiphorst AM, Grand M, Robins RJ, Hankard R, De Luca A. Protein restricted diet during gestation and/or lactation in mice affects 15N natural isotopic abundance of organs in the offspring: Effect of diet 15N content and growth. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205271. [PMID: 30304003 PMCID: PMC6179277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND STUDY This study aimed at measuring the effect in normal to restricted protein diets with specific 15N natural isotopic abundance (NIA) given during gestation and/or lactation on the 15N NIA of fur, liver and muscle in dams and their offspring from birth to adulthood. The secondary aim was to study the effect of growth on the same parameters. METHODS Female Balb/c mice were fed normal protein diet containing 22% protein or isocaloric low protein diet containing 10% protein throughout gestation. Dam's diets were either maintained or switched to the other diet until weaning at 30 days. All animals were fed standard chow thereafter. Offspring were sacrificed at 1, 11, 30, 60, 480 days and a group of dams at d1. Growth was modeled as an exponential function on the group followed up until 480 days. Fur, liver and muscle were sampled at sacrifice and analyzed for bulk 15N NIA. Fixed effects and interactions between fixed effects and random elements were tested by three-way ANOVA. RESULTS Higher 15N NIA in the diet resulted in higher organ 15N NIA. Switching from one diet to another changed 15N NIA in each organ. Although dam and offspring shared the same isotopic environment during gestation, 15N NIA at day 1 was higher in dams. Growth rate did not differ between groups after 10 days and decreased between 1 and 5 months. 15N NIA differed between organs and was affected by growth and gestation/lactation. CONCLUSION Dietary 15N NIA is a major determinant of the 15N NIA of organs. 15N NIA depended on organ and age (i.e. growth) suggesting an effect of metabolism and/or dilution space. Post-natal normal-protein diet of lactating dams could reverse the effect of a protein-restricted diet during gestation on the offspring growth. Measuring 15N NIA in various matrices may open a field of application particularly useful in studying the pre- and post-natal origins of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Bernardo
- Inserm UMR 1069, Tours, France
- University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
- F Rabelais University, Tours, France
| | - Céline Jousse
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Fafournoux
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anne-Marie Schiphorst
- Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, CEISAM, CNRS-University of Nantes, UMR 6230, Nantes, France
| | - Mathilde Grand
- Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, CEISAM, CNRS-University of Nantes, UMR 6230, Nantes, France
| | - Richard J. Robins
- Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, CEISAM, CNRS-University of Nantes, UMR 6230, Nantes, France
| | - Régis Hankard
- Inserm UMR 1069, Tours, France
- University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
- F Rabelais University, Tours, France
| | - Arnaud De Luca
- Inserm UMR 1069, Tours, France
- University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
- * E-mail:
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21
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Lehn C, Kalbhenn EM, Rossmann A, Graw M. Revealing details of stays abroad by sequential stable isotope analyses along human hair strands. Int J Legal Med 2019; 133:935-47. [PMID: 29876636 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-018-1866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Cooper CG, Burns JL, Koster JM, Perri AR, Richards MP. Economic and demographic predictors of dietary variation and nutritional indicators in Nicaragua. Am J Hum Biol 2018; 30:e23125. [PMID: 29637643 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We measured carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios in a contemporary population, and tested how the isotopic variability relates to measures of socioeconomic status (e.g., household wealth) and anthropometric measures (e.g., standardized height-for-age and weight-for-age z-scores). METHODS Hair samples from individuals living in the Bosawas Biosphere Reserve in Nicaragua were analyzed for δ13 C and δ15 N, and these data were examined in relation to individual (e.g., age, sex, anthropometrics) and household (e.g., household size, wealth) variables. RESULTS We found through mixed-effects modeling that δ13 C and δ15 N varied predictably with individual age and household wealth. δ13 C and δ15 N did not, however, improve models predicting variation in individual anthropometric measures. CONCLUSION These results indicate that, although there is a relationship between diet (δ13 C and δ15 N) and socioeconomic variables, these dietary differences are not the main cause of health differences in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica L Burns
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jeremy M Koster
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Angela R Perri
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Hülsemann F, Koehler K, Wittsiepe J, Wilhelm M, Hilbig A, Kersting M, Braun H, Flenker U, Schänzer W. Prediction of human dietary δ 15N intake from standardised food records: validity and precision of single meal and 24-h diet data. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2017; 53:356-367. [PMID: 28292192 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2017.1302447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural stable isotope ratios (δ15N) of humans can be used for nutritional analyses and dietary reconstruction of modern and historic individuals and populations. Information about an individual's metabolic state can be obtained by comparison of tissue and dietary δ15N. Different methods have been used to estimate dietary δ15N in the past; however, the validity of such predictions has not been compared to experimental values. For a total of 56 meals and 21 samples of 24-h diets, predicted and experimental δ15N values were compared. The δ15N values were predicted from self-recorded food intake and compared with experimental δ15N values. Predicted and experimental δ15N values were in good agreement for meals and preparations (r = 0.89, p < .001) as well as for the 24-h diets (r = 0.76, p < .001). Dietary δ15N was mainly determined by the amount of fish, whereas the contribution of meat to dietary δ15N values was less pronounced. Prediction of human dietary δ15N values using standardised food records and representative δ15N data sets yields reliable data for dietary δ15N intake. A differentiated analysis of the primary protein sources is necessary when relating the proportion of animal-derived protein in the diet by δ15N analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hülsemann
- a Institute of Biochemistry , German Sport University Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Karsten Koehler
- b Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE , USA
| | - Jürgen Wittsiepe
- c Department of Hygiene , Social and Environmental Medicine Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Michael Wilhelm
- c Department of Hygiene , Social and Environmental Medicine Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Annett Hilbig
- d Research Institute of Child Nutrition (FKE) , University of Bonn , Dortmund , Germany
| | - Mathilde Kersting
- d Research Institute of Child Nutrition (FKE) , University of Bonn , Dortmund , Germany
| | - Hans Braun
- e German Research Centre of Elite Sports , German Sport University Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Ulrich Flenker
- a Institute of Biochemistry , German Sport University Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Wilhelm Schänzer
- a Institute of Biochemistry , German Sport University Cologne , Cologne , Germany
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Hülsemann F, Koehler K, Flenker U, Schänzer W. Do we excrete what we eat? Analysis of stable nitrogen isotope ratios of human urinary urea. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2017; 31:1221-1227. [PMID: 28466567 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Natural stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15 N) are frequently used for the determination of provenance and dietary assessment of recent and ancient humans. Although individual δ15 N values typically correspond to the dietary δ15 N composition, they are also affected by metabolic conditions. Preferred matrices for the measurement of human δ15 N values have been hair, nail or blood. The goal of this study was to validate a novel approach for the assessment of the δ15 N values from urinary urea, the principal end-product of human N metabolism. METHODS The method, which involves the precipitation of urea from urine using xanthydrol, was validated using fortified urea solutions. Intra- and inter-individual variance of the δ15 N values of urinary urea was determined from samples obtained from multiple human subjects. RESULTS Precipitation with xanthydrol did not alter the δ15 N values of urea. The mean δ15 N value in urinary urea from human subjects from Germany was +4.4 ± 0.6 ‰, which corresponds to the estimated dietary composition. It falls below previously reported δ15 N values for human tissue and blood samples. Longitudinal analyses over 7 days illustrate short-time changes linked to varying protein intake. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that δ15 N values can be measured reliably from human urine and that the method is suitable to monitor rapid dietary and metabolic changes of an individual. Our findings further confirm that urinary urea is depleted in 15 N compared with human tissue but within the range of the δ15 N composition of the diet. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hülsemann
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
- The German Research Centre of Elite Sport, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
| | - Karsten Koehler
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Ulrich Flenker
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
- The German Research Centre of Elite Sport, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Schänzer
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
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Frei KM, Villa C, Jørkov ML, Allentoft ME, Kaul F, Ethelberg P, Reiter SS, Wilson AS, Taube M, Olsen J, Lynnerup N, Willerslev E, Kristiansen K, Frei R. A matter of months: High precision migration chronology of a Bronze Age female. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178834. [PMID: 28582402 PMCID: PMC5459461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishing the age at which prehistoric individuals move away from their childhood residential location holds crucial information about the socio dynamics and mobility patterns in ancient societies. We present a novel combination of strontium isotope analyses performed on the over 3000 year old “Skrydstrup Woman” from Denmark, for whom we compiled a highly detailed month-scale model of her migration timeline. When combined with physical anthropological analyses this timeline can be related to the chronological age at which the residential location changed. We conducted a series of high-resolution strontium isotope analyses of hard and soft human tissues and combined these with anthropological investigations including CT-scanning and 3D visualizations. The Skrydstrup Woman lived during a pan-European period characterized by technical innovation and great social transformations stimulated by long-distance connections; consequently she represents an important part of both Danish and European prehistory. Our multidisciplinary study involves complementary biochemical, biomolecular and microscopy analyses of her scalp hair. Our results reveal that the Skrydstrup Woman was between 17–18 years old when she died, and that she moved from her place of origin -outside present day Denmark- to the Skrydstrup area in Denmark 47 to 42 months before she died. Hence, she was between 13 to 14 years old when she migrated to and resided in the area around Skrydstrup for the rest of her life. From an archaeological standpoint, this one-time and one-way movement of an elite female during the possible “age of marriageability” might suggest that she migrated with the aim of establishing an alliance between chiefdoms. Consequently, this detailed multidisciplinary investigation provides a novel tool to reconstruct high resolution chronology of individual mobility with the perspective of studying complex patterns of social and economic interaction in prehistory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Margarita Frei
- National Museum of Denmark, Department of Conservation and Natural Sciences, Environmental Archaeology and Material Science, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Chiara Villa
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Forensic Medicine, Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Louise Jørkov
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Forensic Medicine, Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten E. Allentoft
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Kaul
- National Museum of Denmark, Department of Research and Exhibition, Ancient Cultures of Denmark and the Mediterranean, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Ethelberg
- Museum Sønderjylland, Archaeology, Haderslev, Denmark
| | - Samantha S. Reiter
- National Museum of Denmark, Department of Conservation and Natural Sciences, Environmental Archaeology and Material Science, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andrew S. Wilson
- School of Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Taube
- National Museum of Denmark, Department of Conservation and Natural Sciences, Environmental Archaeology and Material Science, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jesper Olsen
- University of Aarhus, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Lynnerup
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Forensic Medicine, Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eske Willerslev
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Robert Frei
- Department of Geoscience and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tsutaya T, Fujimori Y, Hayashi M, Yoneda M, Miyabe-Nishiwaki T. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic offsets between diet and hair/feces in captive chimpanzees. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2017; 31:59-67. [PMID: 27717069 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Estimation of the stable isotopic offsets between tissue and diet is important for dietary reconstructions. Although stable isotopic studies of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are increasing, the isotopic offsets in chimpanzees have never been studied. In this study, the carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic offset values in hair and feces were measured for 13 captive chimpanzees for the first time. METHODS All consumed food items and quantities were recorded for each individual for 1 week. Food samples were typically collected three times, hair was collected 3 weeks after the experimental week, and feces were collected ad libitum during the experimental week. The stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios were measured using elemental analyzer-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS). RESULTS As the results of Monte Carlo analysis, the estimated carbon and nitrogen offsets between the hair and diet were +3.0 to +3.9‰ and +2.8 to +3.7‰, respectively, for the 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The 95% CIs of the carbon and nitrogen offset values between the feces and diet were -1.6 to 0.0‰ and +1.2 to +2.7‰, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These offset values are generally consistent with those of the other primate species reported in previous studies. However, potential variations in the offset values due to dietary and physiological factors should be studied in detail in the future. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Tsutaya
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yui Fujimori
- Japan Monkey Centre, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-8506, Japan
| | - Misato Hayashi
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-0081, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoneda
- The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Beaumont J, Montgomery J. The Great Irish Famine: Identifying Starvation in the Tissues of Victims Using Stable Isotope Analysis of Bone and Incremental Dentine Collagen. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160065. [PMID: 27508412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The major components of human diet both past and present may be estimated by measuring the carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) of the collagenous proteins in bone and tooth dentine. However, the results from these two tissues differ substantially: bone collagen records a multi-year average whilst primary dentine records and retains time-bound isotope ratios deriving from the period of tooth development. Recent studies harnessing a sub-annual temporal sampling resolution have shed new light on the individual dietary histories of our ancestors by identifying unexpected radical short-term dietary changes, the duration of breastfeeding and migration where dietary change occurs, and by raising questions regarding factors other than diet that may impact on δ13C and δ15N values. Here we show that the dentine δ13C and δ15N profiles of workhouse inmates dating from the Great Irish Famine of the 19th century not only record the expected dietary change from C3 potatoes to C4 maize, but when used together they also document prolonged nutritional and other physiological stress resulting from insufficient sustenance. In the adults, the influence of the maize-based diet is seen in the δ13C difference between dentine (formed in childhood) and rib (representing an average from the last few years of life). The demonstrated effects of stress on the δ13C and δ15N values will have an impact on the interpretations of diet in past populations even in slow-turnover tissues such as compact bone. This technique also has applicability in the investigation of modern children subject to nutritional distress where hair and nails are unavailable or do not record an adequate period of time.
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Hayasaka M, Kimura O, Kura T, Endo T. Nutritional Assessment Using Stable Isotope Ratios of Nitrogen and Carbon in Scalp Hair of Patients Who Received Enteral Nutrients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5649/jjphcs.42.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Osamu Kimura
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
| | - Toshiro Kura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Naganuma Municipal Hospital
| | - Tetsuya Endo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
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Hülsemann F, Lehn C, Schneider S, Jackson G, Hill S, Rossmann A, Scheid N, Dunn PJH, Flenker U, Schänzer W. Global spatial distributions of nitrogen and carbon stable isotope ratios of modern human hair. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2015; 29:2111-2121. [PMID: 26467223 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Natural stable carbon (δ(13)C) and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ(15)N) of humans are related to individual dietary habits and environmental and physiological factors. In forensic science the stable isotope ratios of human remains such as hair and nail are used for geographical allocation. Thus, knowledge of the global spatial distribution of human δ(13)C and δ(15)N values is an essential component in the interpretation of stable isotope analytical results. METHODS No substantial global datasets of human stable isotope ratios are currently available, although the amount of available (published) data has increased within recent years. We have herein summarised the published data on human global δ(13)C andδ(15)N values (around 3600 samples) and added experimental values of more than 400 additional worldwide human hair and nail samples. In order to summarise isotope ratios for hair and nail samples correction factors were determined. RESULTS The current available dataset of human stable isotope ratios is biased towards Europe and North America with only limited data for countries in Africa, Central and South America and Southeast Asia. The global spatial distribution of carbon isotopes is related to latitude and supports the fact that human δ(13)C values are dominated by the amount of C4 plants in the diet, either due to direct ingestion as plant food, or by its use as animal feed. In contrast, the global spatial distribution of human δ(15)N values is apparently not exclusively related to the amount of fish or meat ingested, but also to environmental factors that influence agricultural production. CONCLUSIONS There are still a large proportion of countries, especially in Africa, where there are no available data for human carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios. Although the interpretation of modern human carbon isotope ratios at the global scale is quite possible, and correlates with the latitude, the potential influences of extrinsic and/or intrinsic factors on human nitrogen isotope ratios have to be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hülsemann
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
| | - Christine Lehn
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Nußbaumstr. 26, 80336, München, Germany
| | - Sabine Schneider
- Forensic Science Institute, Federal Criminal Police Office, Unit Central Analytics II, Thaerstraße 11, 65193, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Glen Jackson
- Forensic and Investigative Science, C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 308 Oglebay Hall, Morgantown, WV, 26506-6121, USA
| | - Sarah Hill
- LGC, Queens Road, Teddington, TW11 0LY, UK
| | - Andreas Rossmann
- isolab GmbH, Laboratorium für Stabile Isotope, Woelkestrasse 9/I, 85301, Schweitenkirchen, Germany
| | - Nicole Scheid
- Forensic Science Institute, Federal Criminal Police Office, Unit Central Analytics II, Thaerstraße 11, 65193, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Flenker
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Schänzer
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
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Park JK, Ahn SV, Kim MK, Lee KS, Koh SB, Bong YS. The association between carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of human hair and metabolic syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 450:72-7. [PMID: 26238186 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that stable isotope ratios can be used as biomarkers for animal protein intake. Meat consumption and high protein intake could be risk factors for metabolic disorders. We investigated whether the stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen are associated with metabolic syndrome. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 399 subjects (233 men and 166 women). Hair samples from 399 subjects were measured for stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ(13)C) and nitrogen (δ(15)N). RESULTS The δ(15)N values progressively increased with the number of components of the metabolic syndrome present in study subjects (P for trend 0.047). In multivariable models, δ(15)N values were positively associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio, 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-2.14), whereas δ(13)C values were not (odds ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.72-1.30). The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for metabolic syndrome comparing the highest to the lowest quartiles of δ(15)N values was 2.64 (1.17-5.92). CONCLUSIONS The nitrogen, but not carbon, stable isotopic ratio of hair is independently associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome. The hair δ(15)N value might be a surrogate marker for clustering of risk factors in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Ku Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, South Korea; Institute of Genomic Cohort, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, South Korea
| | - Song Vogue Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, South Korea; Institute of Genomic Cohort, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, South Korea.
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Sik Lee
- Division of Earth and Environmental Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 363-883, South Korea
| | - Sang-Baek Koh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, South Korea; Institute of Genomic Cohort, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Sik Bong
- Division of Earth and Environmental Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 363-883, South Korea
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Fernandes R, Grootes P, Nadeau MJ, Nehlich O. Quantitative diet reconstruction of a Neolithic population using a Bayesian mixing model (FRUITS): The case study of Ostorf (Germany). Am J Phys Anthropol 2015; 158:325-340. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Fernandes
- Institute for Ecosystem Research, University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
- Leibniz-Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Isotope Research, University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
- McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom
| | - Pieter Grootes
- Institute for Ecosystem Research, University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Marie-Josée Nadeau
- National Laboratory for Age Determination; Museum of Natural History and Archaeology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
| | - Olaf Nehlich
- Department of Anthropology; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Human Evolution; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Leipzig Germany
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Endo T, Hayasaka M, Ogasawra H, Kimura O, Kotaki Y, Haraguchi K. Relationships among Mercury Concentration, and Stable Isotope Ratios of Carbon and Nitrogen in the Scalp Hair of Residents from Seven Countries: Effects of Marine Fish and C4 Plants Consumption. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128149. [PMID: 26065892 PMCID: PMC4466346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the Hg concentration, and δ¹³C and δ15N values in the scalp hair of residents from seven countries; Vietnam, New Zealand, Spain, the USA, South Korea, Brazil and Japan. Relationships among the data in each country and among the seven countries were then examined. The highest Hg concentration as well as the highest or higher δ15N value in each country was found in the hair of a heavy marine fish-eater, whereas the lowest Hg concentration and δ15N value were found in the hair of a vegetarian or non (marginal)-fish eater. Hg concentrations were positively correlated with the δ15N values in each country, and increased markedly in samples with δ15N values exceeding 9.0 ‰, probably due to fish consumption. The highest Hg concentration could be found in sample, with a δ¹³C value between -19 and -18‰, probably reflecting the δ¹³C value of the marine food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Endo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061–0293, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Moriaki Hayasaka
- Sapporo Higashi-Tokusyukai Hospital, N33-E14, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 065–0033, Japan
| | - Hideki Ogasawra
- Sapporo Higashi-Tokusyukai Hospital, N33-E14, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 065–0033, Japan
| | - Osamu Kimura
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061–0293, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kotaki
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252–0373, Japan
| | - Koichi Haraguchi
- Daiichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Minami-Ku, Fukuoka, 815–8511, Japan
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Bostic JN, Palafox SJ, Rottmueller ME, Jahren AH. Effect of baking and fermentation on the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of grain-based food. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2015; 29:937-947. [PMID: 26407308 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is used extensively to reconstruct general attributes of prehistoric and modern diets in both humans and animals. In order to apply these methods to the accurate determination of specific intakes of foods/nutrients of interest, the isotopic signature of individually consumed foods must be constrained. For example, 86% of the calories consumed in the USA are derived from processed and prepared foods, but the relationship between the stable isotope composition of raw ingredients and the resulting products has not been characterized. METHODS To examine the effect of common cooking techniques on the stable isotope composition of grain-based food items, we prepared yeast buns and sugar cookies from standardized recipes and measured bulk δ(13) C and δ(15) N values of samples collected throughout a 75 min fermentation process (buns) and before and after baking at 190°C (buns and cookies). Simple isotope mixing models were used to determine if the isotopic signatures of 13 multi-ingredient foods could be estimated from the isotopic signatures of their constituent raw ingredients. RESULTS No variations in δ(13) C or δ(15) N values were detected between pre- and post-baked yeast buns (pre: -24.78‰/2.61‰, post: -24.75‰/2.74‰), beet-sugar cookies (pre: -24.48‰/3.84‰, post: -24.47‰/3.57‰), and cane-sugar cookies (pre: -19.07‰/2.97‰, post: -19.02‰/3.21‰), or throughout a 75 min fermentation process in yeast buns. Using isotopic mass balance equations, the δ(13) C/δ(15) N values of multi-ingredient foods were estimated from the isotopic composition of constituent raw ingredients to within 0.14 ± 0.13‰/0.24 ± 0.17‰ for gravimetrically measured recipes and 0.40 ± 0.38‰/0.58 ± 0.53‰ for volumetrically measured recipes. CONCLUSIONS Two common food preparation techniques, baking and fermentation, do not substantially affect the carbon or nitrogen isotopic signature of grain-based foods. Mass-balance equations can be used to accurately estimate the isotopic signature of multi-ingredient food items for which quantitative ingredient information is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua N Bostic
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Sherilyn J Palafox
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Marina E Rottmueller
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - A Hope Jahren
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
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Abstract
Diet is a leading modifiable risk factor for chronic disease, but it remains difficult to measure accurately due to the error and bias inherent in self-reported methods of diet assessment. Consequently, there is a pressing need for more objective biomarkers of diet for use in health research. The stable isotope ratios of light elements are a promising set of candidate biomarkers because they vary naturally and reproducibly among foods, and those variations are captured in molecules and tissues with high fidelity. Recent studies have identified valid isotopic measures of short- and long-term sugar intake, meat intake, and fish intake in specific populations. These studies provide a strong foundation for validating stable isotopic biomarkers in the general US population. Approaches to improve specificity for specific foods are needed; for example, by modeling intake using multiple stable isotope ratios or by isolating and measuring specific molecules linked to foods of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane M O'Brien
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-7000;
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Britton K, Fuller BT, Tütken T, Mays S, Richards MP. Oxygen isotope analysis of human bone phosphate evidences weaning age in archaeological populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 2015; 157:226-41. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Britton
- Department of Human Evolution; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Department of Archaeology; University of Aberdeen, St. Mary's Building; Aberdeen Scotland AB24 3UF UK
| | - Benjamin T. Fuller
- Department of Human Evolution; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics; Center for Archaeological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Charles Deberiotstraat 32 B-3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Thomas Tütken
- Institute of Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; 55128 Mainz Germany
- Steinmann Institute; Division of Mineralogy; University of Bonn, Poppelsdorfer Schloss; 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Simon Mays
- Archaeological Science; English Heritage Centre for Archaeology, Fort Cumberland; Eastney Portsmouth PO4 9LD UK
| | - Michael P. Richards
- Department of Human Evolution; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Department of Anthropology; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada V6T 1Z1
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Lehn C, Lihl C, Roßmann A. Change of geographical location from Germany (Bavaria) to USA (Arizona) and its effect on H-C-N-S stable isotopes in human hair. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2015; 51:68-79. [PMID: 25563932 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2014.995645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To receive information about the duration of a person's stay abroad related to those questions in forensics, stable isotopes of H-C-N-S were analysed in beard hair samples from four young soldiers, who went from Fürstenfeldbruck (Bavaria, Germany) to Phoenix (Arizona, USA) on the same date for their pilot training over a time period of 3 months. All study subjects were almost of the same age, had similar physical constitutions and stayed at the same military bases for the whole study period. However, the results showed considerable individual variabilities. In Arizona, hair δ(13)C increased by 2.3‰ (±0.6) and δ(34)S decreased by 1.8‰ (±1.2). No remarkable shifts of hair δ(15)N and δ(2)H were observed. Significant shifts of δ(13)C or δ(34)S in the shaved beard hair samples occurred 8 or 9 days after arrival in Arizona, respectively. The time lag to receive the isotope signals in hair due to US diet correspond to the growth period that hair needs to cover the distance of 2-3 mm from its root to the surface of the skin. This implies that isotopic changes due to the consumption of food and drinks were incorporated almost immediately into the hair protein. Consequently, if connected with an isotopic change of the diet, short-term stays for only a few days might be clearly recognizable within the first millimetres of a scalp hair strand which includes the hair roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lehn
- a Department of Forensic Medicine , Ludwig-Maximilians University , Munich , Germany
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McLean SJ, Ikegaya H, Saukko PJ, Zheng HY, Itoh K, Fushiki S. The utilization of stable isotope analysis for the estimation of the geographic origins of unidentified cadavers. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 245:45-50. [PMID: 25447173 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The number of unidentified cadavers is increasing worldwide and the effective methods which reveal their geographic origin are not well known. This study reports on the utilization of δ(18)O, δ(13)C, δ(2)H and δ(15)N ratios gained through stable isotope analysis of urine samples collected from eight locations: Chiba, Japan; Fuzhou, China; and Denpasar, Indonesia in our pilot study with data from healthy volunteers from five further locations from healthy volunteers: Melbourne and Perth, Australia; Qingdao, China; Turku, Finland and Oklahoma, USA. This study posits that the utilization of δ(18)O and δ(2)H is more feasible than δ(13)C and δ(15)N stable isotope ratios in differentiating or estimating the origin of human samples. Secondly, this study demonstrated that the δ(18)O and δ(2)H stable isotope ratios of urine samples from eight locations differed significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J McLean
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikegaya
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Pekka J Saukko
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Huang Yung Zheng
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 350001, China
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shinji Fushiki
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 602-8566, Japan
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Webb EC, White CD, Van Uum S, Longstaffe FJ. Integrating cortisol and isotopic analyses of archeological hair: Reconstructing individual experiences of health and stress. Am J Phys Anthropol 2014; 156:577-94. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Webb
- Department of Anthropology; The University of Western Ontario; London ON Canada
| | - Christine D. White
- Department of Anthropology; The University of Western Ontario; London ON Canada
| | - Stan Van Uum
- Department of Medicine; The University of Western Ontario; London ON Canada
| | - Fred J. Longstaffe
- Department of Earth Sciences; The University of Western Ontario; London ON Canada
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Grolmusová Z, Rapčanová A, Michalko J, Čech P, Veis P. Stable isotope composition of human fingernails from Slovakia. Sci Total Environ 2014; 496:226-232. [PMID: 25086300 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Stable isotope composition of human fingernails has proven to be useful for documenting human dietary information and geographical patterns in archeological, forensic, anthropological and biological studies. Therefore, it is of interest to detect all factors influencing the stable isotopic composition in the certain regions in the world. Carbon and nitrogen isotope data of human fingernail keratin from 52 individuals from Slovakia were reported in this study. The online combustion and continuous flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometer Delta V Advantage was used for δ(13)C and δ(15)N analysis of fingernail keratin samples from 24 vegetarian and 28 omnivorous individuals. A group of people with frequent meat consumption showed enrichment in (13)C and (15)N isotopes in fingernails. A similar trend was observed with increasing seafood in an individual's diet. Moreover a significant difference was revealed between smokers and nonsmokers for both δ(13)C and δ(15)N values. These data were compared to previously published δ(13)C and δ(15)N fingernail values from across the globe. This study brings new information on the stable isotope signature of individuals from Slovakia and characterizes the Central European region for the first time. The stable isotope composition of fingernails is influenced by the frequency of meat and seafood consumption as well as smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Grolmusová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Department of Experimental Physics, Mlynská dolina F2, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia; State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr, Laboratory of Isotope Geology, Mlynská dolina 1, 817 04 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Anna Rapčanová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Department of Experimental Physics, Mlynská dolina F2, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Michalko
- State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr, Laboratory of Isotope Geology, Mlynská dolina 1, 817 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Čech
- State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr, Laboratory of Isotope Geology, Mlynská dolina 1, 817 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavel Veis
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Department of Experimental Physics, Mlynská dolina F2, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia; State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr, Laboratory of Isotope Geology, Mlynská dolina 1, 817 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Patel PS, Cooper AJM, O'Connell TC, Kuhnle GGC, Kneale CK, Mulligan AM, Luben RN, Brage S, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Forouhi NG. Serum carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes as potential biomarkers of dietary intake and their relation with incident type 2 diabetes: the EPIC-Norfolk study. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 100:708-18. [PMID: 24990425 PMCID: PMC4095667 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.068577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stable-isotope ratios of carbon (¹³C/¹²C, expressed as δ¹³C) and nitrogen (¹⁵N/¹⁴N, or δ¹⁵N) have been proposed as potential nutritional biomarkers to distinguish between meat, fish, and plant-based foods. OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate dietary correlates of δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N and examine the association of these biomarkers with incident type 2 diabetes in a prospective study. DESIGN Serum δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N (‰) were measured by using isotope ratio mass spectrometry in a case-cohort study (n = 476 diabetes cases; n = 718 subcohort) nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk population-based cohort. We examined dietary (food-frequency questionnaire) correlates of δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N in the subcohort. HRs and 95% CIs were estimated by using Prentice-weighted Cox regression. RESULTS Mean (±SD) δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N were -22.8 ± 0.4‰ and 10.2 ± 0.4‰, respectively, and δ¹³C (r = 0.22) and δ¹⁵N (r = 0.20) were positively correlated (P < 0.001) with fish protein intake. Animal protein was not correlated with δ¹³C but was significantly correlated with δ¹⁵N (dairy protein: r = 0.11; meat protein: r = 0.09; terrestrial animal protein: r = 0.12, P ≤ 0.013). δ¹³C was inversely associated with diabetes in adjusted analyses (HR per tertile: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.83; P-trend < 0.001], whereas δ¹⁵N was positively associated (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.38; P-trend = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The isotope ratios δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N may both serve as potential biomarkers of fish protein intake, whereas only δ¹⁵N may reflect broader animal-source protein intake in a European population. The inverse association of δ¹³C but a positive association of δ¹⁵N with incident diabetes should be interpreted in the light of knowledge of dietary intake and may assist in identifying dietary components that are associated with health risks and benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinal S Patel
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
| | - Andrew J M Cooper
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
| | - Tamsin C O'Connell
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
| | - Gunter G C Kuhnle
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
| | - Catherine K Kneale
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
| | - Angela M Mulligan
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
| | - Robert N Luben
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
| | - Soren Brage
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- From the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom (PSP, AJMC, SB, NJW, and NGF); the Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO); the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom (TCO and CKK); the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GGCK); and the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (AMM, RNL, K-TK, and GGCK)
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Oelze VM, Head JS, Robbins MM, Richards M, Boesch C. Niche differentiation and dietary seasonality among sympatric gorillas and chimpanzees in Loango National Park (Gabon) revealed by stable isotope analysis. J Hum Evol 2014; 66:95-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gragnani JG, Garavello MEPE, Silva RJ, Nardoto GB, Martinelli LA. Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)? J Hum Nutr Diet 2013; 27:270-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. G. Gragnani
- CENA; Universidade de São Paulo; Campus de Piraciaba; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | | | - R. J. Silva
- ESALQ; Universidade de São Paulo; Campus de Piracicaba; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - G. B. Nardoto
- Universidade de Brasília; Campus de Planaltina; Brasília DF Brazil
| | - L. A. Martinelli
- CENA; Universidade de São Paulo; Campus de Piraciaba; Piracicaba SP Brazil
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McLean SJ, Ikegaya H, Saukko PJ, Zheng HY, Akutsu T, Miyamori D, Ishikawa N, Sakurada K. A trial of the utilization of stable isotope analysis for the estimation of the geographic origins of unidentified cadavers. Forensic Sci Int 2013; 232:237.e1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Huelsemann F, Koehler K, Braun H, Schaenzer W, Flenker U. Human dietary δ15N intake: Representative data for principle food items. Am J Phys Anthropol 2013; 152:58-66. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - W. Schaenzer
- Institute of Biochemistry; German Sport University Cologne; Germany
| | - U. Flenker
- Institute of Biochemistry; German Sport University Cologne; Germany
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An Y, Schwartz Z, Jackson GP. δ13C analysis of amino acids in human hair using trimethylsilyl derivatives and gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2013; 27:1481-1489. [PMID: 23722682 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE To provide a simple one-step derivatization procedure for the analysis of a wide variety of amino acids in human hair by gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC/C/IRMS). N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) derivatization is already widely used outside the IRMS community, is applicable to a variety of functional groups, and provides products that are common entries in mass spectral databases, thus simplifying compound identification. METHODS Method optimization and validation were performed on a mixture of ten standard amino acids found abundantly in human hair. The method was then applied to the analysis of scalp hair from six human subjects. The hair was washed, hydrolyzed with 6 M HCl, derivatized using BSTFA in acetonitrile and analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) with concurrent quadrupole and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) detectors. RESULTS The reproducibility for the δ(13)C measurements, including the derivatization procedure and GC/C/IRMS analysis, on a day-to-day comparison was between 0.19‰ and 0.35‰ (SD, N = 12), with an average standard deviation of 0.26‰. Because trimethylsilylation adds 3N carbon atoms (where N = # reactive protons) to each amino acid, the δ(13)C values for amino acid derivatives were corrected using a mass balance correction and the measured kinetic isotope effect (KIE). The KIE values ranged from 0.984 to 1.020. CONCLUSIONS The procedure gave consistent δ(13)C values with precision similar to other derivatization methods for the range of sample sizes studied: 50-1000 µg of each amino acid. The method gave δ(13)C values consistent with the known literature values when applied to the analysis of amino acids in human hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan An
- Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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Beaumont J, Geber J, Powers N, Wilson A, Lee-Thorp J, Montgomery J. Victims and survivors: Stable isotopes used to identify migrants from the Great Irish Famine to 19th century London. Am J Phys Anthropol 2012; 150:87-98. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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O'Connell TC, Kneale CJ, Tasevska N, Kuhnle GGC. The diet-body offset in human nitrogen isotopic values: a controlled dietary study. Am J Phys Anthropol 2012; 149:426-34. [PMID: 23042579 PMCID: PMC3483624 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The "trophic level enrichment" between diet and body results in an overall increase in nitrogen isotopic values as the food chain is ascended. Quantifying the diet-body Δ(15) N spacing has proved difficult, particularly for humans. The value is usually assumed to be +3-5‰ in the archaeological literature. We report here the first (to our knowledge) data from humans on isotopically known diets, comparing dietary intake and a body tissue sample, that of red blood cells. Samples were taken from 11 subjects on controlled diets for a 30-day period, where the controlled diets were designed to match each individual's habitual diet, thus reducing problems with short-term changes in diet causing isotopic changes in the body pool. The Δ(15) N(diet-RBC) was measured as +3.5‰. Using measured offsets from other studies, we estimate the human Δ(15) N(diet-keratin) as +5.0-5.3‰, which is in good agreement with values derived from the two other studies using individual diet records. We also estimate a value for Δ(15) N(diet-collagen) of ≈6‰, again in combination with measured offsets from other studies. This value is larger than usually assumed in palaeodietary studies, which suggests that the proportion of animal protein in prehistoric human diet may have often been overestimated in isotopic studies of palaeodiet.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C O'Connell
- Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge, UK.
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Wurster CM, Robertson J, Westcott DA, Dryden B, Zazzo A, Bird MI. Utilization of sugarcane habitat by feral pig (Sus scrofa) in northern tropical Queensland: evidence from the stable isotope composition of hair. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43538. [PMID: 22957029 PMCID: PMC3434169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Feral pigs (Sus scrofa) are an invasive species that disrupt ecosystem functioning throughout their introduced range. In tropical environments, feral pigs are associated with predation and displacement of endangered species, modification of habitat, and act as a vector for the spread of exotic vegetation and disease. Across many parts of their introduced range, the diet of feral pigs is poorly known. Although the remote location and difficult terrain of far north Queensland makes observing feral pig behavior difficult, feral pigs are perceived to seek refuge in World Heritage tropical rainforests and seasonally ‘crop raid’ into lowland sugarcane crops. Thus, identifying how feral pigs are using different components of the landscape is important to the design of management strategies. We used the stable isotope composition of captured feral pigs to determine the extent of rainforest and sugarcane habitat usage. Recently grown hair (basal hair) from feral pigs captured in remote rainforest indicated pigs met their dietary needs solely within this habitat. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values of basal hair from feral pigs captured near sugarcane plantations were more variable, with some individuals estimated to consume over 85% of their diet within a sugarcane habitat, while a few consumed as much as 90% of their diet from adjacent forested environments. We estimated whether feral pigs switch habitats by sequentially sampling δ13C and δ15N values of long tail hair from a subset of seven captured animals, and demonstrate that four of these individuals moved between habitats. Our results indicate that feral pigs utilize both sugarcane and forest habitats, and can switch between these resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Wurster
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.
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Deschner T, Fuller BT, Oelze VM, Boesch C, Hublin JJ, Mundry R, Richards MP, Ortmann S, Hohmann G. Identification of energy consumption and nutritional stress by isotopic and elemental analysis of urine in bonobos (Pan paniscus). Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2012; 26:69-77. [PMID: 22215580 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A mounting body of evidence suggests that changes in energetic conditions like prolonged starvation can be monitored using stable isotope ratios of tissues such as bone, muscle, hair, and blood. However, it is unclear if urinary stable isotope ratios reflect a variation in energetic condition, especially if these changes in energetic condition are accompanied by shifts in dietary composition. In a feeding experiment conducted on captive bonobos (Pan paniscus), we monitored urinary δ(13)C, δ(15)N, total C (carbon), total N (nitrogen), and C/N ratios and compared these results with glucocorticoid levels under gradually changing energy availability and dietary composition. Measurements of daily collected urine samples over a period of 31 days showed that while shifts in urinary isotope signatures of δ(13)C and δ(15)N as well as total C were best explained by changes in energy consumption, urinary total N excretion as well as the C/N ratios matched the variation in dietary composition. Furthermore, when correcting for fluctuations in dietary composition, the isotope signatures of δ(13)C and δ(15)N as well as total C correlated with urinary glucocorticoid levels; however, the urinary total N and the C/N ratio did not. These results indicate for the first time that it is possible to non-invasively explore specific longitudinal records on animal energetic conditions and dietary compositions with urinary stable isotope ratios and elemental compositions, and this research provides a strong foundation for investigating how ecological factors and social dynamics affect feeding habits in wild animal populations such as primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Deschner
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Williams L, White C, Longstaffe F. Improving stable isotopic interpretations made from human hair through reduction of growth cycle error. Am J Phys Anthropol 2011; 145:125-36. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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