1
|
Tillquist NM, Reed SA, Reiter AS, Kawaida MY, Lee EC, Zinn SA, Govoni KE. Effects of poor maternal diet during gestation are detected in F2 offspring. Transl Anim Sci 2024; 8:txae055. [PMID: 38665215 PMCID: PMC11044704 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor maternal nutrition of F0 ewes impairs F1 offspring growth, with minimal differences in glucose tolerance or select metabolic circulating factors, and independent of differences in residual feed intake (RFI). To determine if poor maternal nutrition in F0 ewes alters F2 offspring growth, circulating leptin, feed efficiency, or glucose tolerance, F0 ewes (n = 46) pregnant with twins were fed 100% (control), 60% (restricted), or 140% (over) of National Research Council requirements from days 30 ± 0.02 of gestation until parturition. At 16 to 19 mo of age, female F1 (n = 36) offspring were bred to generate F2 offspring [CON-F2 (n = 12 ewes; 6 rams), RES-F2 (n = 7 ewes; 13 rams), or OVER-F2 (n = 13 ewes; 9 rams) corresponding to diets of the granddam (F0)]. Lamb body weights (BW) and blood samples were collected weekly from days 0 to 28 and every 14 d until day 252 of age. Circulating leptin was measured in serum at days 0, 7, 14, 56, 210, and 252. An intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed at days 133 ± 0.28. At days 167 ± 0.33, individual daily intake was recorded over a 77-d feeding period to determine RFI. Rams were euthanized at days 285 ± 0.93, and body morphometrics, loin eye area (LEA), back fat thickness, and organ weights were collected and bone mineral density (BMD) and length were determined in the right hind leg. During gestation, OVER-F1 ewes tended to be 8.6% smaller than CON-F1 ewes (P ≤ 0.06). F2 offspring were of similar BW from birth to day 70 (P ≥ 0.20). However, from days 84 to 252, RES-F2 offspring tended to be 7.3% smaller than CON-F2 (P ≤ 0.10). Granddam diet did not influence F2 ram body morphometrics, organ or muscle weights, LEA, adipose deposition, or leg BMD (P ≥ 0.84). RES-F2 (-0.20) and CON-F2 (-0.45) rams tended to be more feed efficient than CON-F2 ewes (0.31; P ≤ 0.08). No effects of granddam diet were observed on glucose or insulin average or baseline concentrations, area under the curve, first-phase response, or ratio (P ≥ 0.52). However, CON-F2 rams (297 mg/dL ± 16.5) had a greater glucose peak compared with RES-F2 rams (239 mg/dL ± 11.2; P = 0.05). Peak insulin concentrations were not influenced by granddam diet (P = 0.75). At d 56, RES-F2 and OVER-F2 offspring had 53.5% and 61.8% less leptin compared with CON-F2 offspring, respectively (P ≤ 0.02). These data indicate that poor maternal nutrition impacts offspring growth into the second generation with minimal impacts on offspring RFI, glucose tolerance, and circulating leptin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N M Tillquist
- University of Connecticut, Department of Animal Science, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - S A Reed
- University of Connecticut, Department of Animal Science, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - A S Reiter
- University of Connecticut, Department of Animal Science, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - M Y Kawaida
- University of Connecticut, Department of Animal Science, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - E C Lee
- University of Connecticut, Department of Kinesiology, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - S A Zinn
- University of Connecticut, Department of Animal Science, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - K E Govoni
- University of Connecticut, Department of Animal Science, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tillquist NM, Reed SA, Kawaida MY, Reiter AS, Smith BI, Jang H, Lee JY, Lee EC, Zinn SA, Govoni KE. Restricted- and over-feeding during gestation decreases growth of offspring throughout maturity. Transl Anim Sci 2023; 7:txad061. [PMID: 37334247 PMCID: PMC10276548 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the effects of poor maternal nutrition on the growth and metabolism of offspring into maturity, multiparous Dorset ewes pregnant with twins (n = 46) were fed to either 100% (control; n = 13), 60% (restricted; n = 17), or 140% (over; n = 16) of National Research Council requirements from day 30 ± 0.02 of gestation until parturition. Offspring of these ewes are referred to as CON (n = 10 ewes; 12 rams), RES (n = 13 ewes; 21 rams), or OVER (n = 16 ewes; 13 rams), respectively. Lamb body weights (BW) and blood samples were collected weekly from birth (day 0) to day 28 and then every 14 d until day 252. Intravenous glucose tolerance test (infusion of 0.25 g dextrose/kg BW) was performed at day 133 ± 0.25. At day 167 ± 1.42, individual daily intake was recorded over a 77 d feeding period to determine residual feed intake (RFI). Rams were euthanized at day 282 ± 1.82 and body morphometrics, loin eye area (LEA), back fat thickness, and organ weights were collected. The right leg was collected from rams at necropsy and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to determine bone mineral density (BMD) and length. Averaged from day 0 until day 252, RES and OVER offspring weighed 10.8% and 6.8% less than CON offspring, respectively (P ≤ 0.02). When adjusted for BW, liver and testes weights tended to be increased and decreased, respectively, in RES rams compared with CON rams (P ≤ 0.08). Additionally, RES BMD and bone length were less than CON rams (P ≤ 0.06). Treatment did not influence muscle mass, LEA, or adipose deposition (P ≥ 0.41). Rams (-0.17) were more feed efficient than ewes (0.23; P < 0.01); however, no effect of maternal diet was observed (P ≥ 0.57). At 2 min post glucose infusion, glucose concentrations in OVER offspring were greater than CON and RES offspring (P = 0.04). Concentrations of insulin in CON rams tended to be greater than OVER and RES ewes at 5 min (P ≤ 0.07). No differences were detected in insulin:glucose or area under the curve (AUC) for glucose or insulin (P ≤ 0.29). Maternal diet did not impact offspring triglycerides or cholesterol (P ≤ 0.35). Pre-weaning leptin tended to be 70% greater in OVER offspring than CON (P ≤ 0.07). These data indicate that poor maternal nutrition impairs offspring growth throughout maturity but does not affect RFI. Changes in metabolic factors and glucose tolerance are minimal, highlighting the need to investigate other mechanisms that may contribute to negative impacts of poor maternal diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Tillquist
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Sarah A Reed
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Mia Y Kawaida
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Amanda S Reiter
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Brandon I Smith
- Present address: Amador Bioscience, Ann Arbor, MI, 48108, USA
| | - Hyung Jang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Elaine C Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Steven A Zinn
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ibrahim KG, Usman D, Bello MB, Malami I, Abubakar B, Bello Abubakar M, Imam MU. Rodent models of metabolic disorders: considerations for use in studies of neonatal programming. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:802-27. [PMID: 34551828 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114521003834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologically, metabolic disorders have garnered much attention, perhaps due to the predominance of obesity. The early postnatal life represents a critical period for programming multifactorial metabolic disorders of adult life. Though altricial rodents are prime subjects for investigating neonatal programming, there is still no sufficiently generalised literature on their usage and methodology. This review focuses on establishing five approach-based models of neonatal rodents adopted for studying metabolic phenotypes. Here, some modelled interventions that currently exist to avoid or prevent metabolic disorders are also highlighted. We also bring forth recommendations, guidelines and considerations to aid research on neonatal programming. It is hoped that this provides a background to researchers focused on the aetiology, mechanisms, prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders.
Collapse
|
4
|
Xie D, Zhu Z. Intergenerational effects of early-life health shocks during the Chinese 1959–1961 famine. Ageing and Society. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x22000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A large literature has examined early-life insult and later-life health outcomes. However, whether early-life exposure might persist into the outcomes of future generations remains unclear. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies, this study examines the intergenerational effects of early-life health shocks during the great famine in China, distinguishes the intergenerational effects of in utero and early-life famine exposure, and estimates whether there is a sex-specific transgenerational response. Difference-in-difference results show that first-generation male in utero famine exposure (1959–1961) is associated with a series of health and economic disadvantages in the second generation, compared with the unexposed post-famine-born cohort (1964–1965) in China. The effect persists in the third generation but attenuates, and there is no same-sex transgenerational response. These findings may suggest a novel source of multigenerational persistence in health and economic poverty and may point to a need to consider evidence of transgenerational mechanisms.
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) whose natural history traces back to 70,000 years. TB remains a major global health burden. Methylation is a type of post-replication, post-transcriptional and post-translational epi-genetic modification involved in transcription, translation, replication, tissue specific expression, embryonic development, genomic imprinting, genome stability and chromatin structure, protein protein interactions and signal transduction indicating its indispensable role in survival of a pathogen like M.tb. The pathogens use this epigenetic mechanism to develop resistance against certain drug molecules and survive the lethality. Drug resistance has become a major challenge to tackle and also a major concern raised by WHO. Methyltransferases are enzymes that catalyze the methylation of various substrates. None of the current TB targets belong to methyltransferases which provides therapeutic opportunities to develop novel drugs through studying methyltransferases as potential novel targets against TB. Targeting 16S rRNA methyltransferases serves two purposes simultaneously: a) translation inhibition and b) simultaneous elimination of the ability to methylate its substrates hence stopping the emergence of drug resistance strains. There are ~ 40 different rRNA methyltransferases and 13 different 16S rRNA specific methyltransferases which are unexplored and provide a huge opportunity for treatment of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Salaikumaran
- Centre for Advanced Research and Innovation in Structural Biology of Diseases, K L E F (Deemed To Be) University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, 522 502, India
| | - Veena P Badiger
- Centre for Advanced Research and Innovation in Structural Biology of Diseases, K L E F (Deemed To Be) University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, 522 502, India
| | - V L S Prasad Burra
- Centre for Advanced Research and Innovation in Structural Biology of Diseases, K L E F (Deemed To Be) University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, 522 502, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Doan TNA, Akison LK, Bianco-Miotto T. Epigenetic Mechanisms Responsible for the Transgenerational Inheritance of Intrauterine Growth Restriction Phenotypes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:838737. [PMID: 35432208 PMCID: PMC9008301 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.838737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A poorly functioning placenta results in impaired exchanges of oxygen, nutrition, wastes and hormones between the mother and her fetus. This can lead to restriction of fetal growth. These growth restricted babies are at increased risk of developing chronic diseases, such as type-2 diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease, later in life. Animal studies have shown that growth restricted phenotypes are sex-dependent and can be transmitted to subsequent generations through both the paternal and maternal lineages. Altered epigenetic mechanisms, specifically changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs that regulate expression of genes that are important for fetal development have been shown to be associated with the transmission pattern of growth restricted phenotypes. This review will discuss the subsequent health outcomes in the offspring after growth restriction and the transmission patterns of these diseases. Evidence of altered epigenetic mechanisms in association with fetal growth restriction will also be reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thu Ngoc Anh Doan
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lisa K. Akison
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tina Bianco-Miotto
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Tina Bianco-Miotto,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gapp K, Parada GE, Gross F, Corcoba A, Kaur J, Grau E, Hemberg M, Bohacek J, Miska EA. Single paternal dexamethasone challenge programs offspring metabolism and reveals multiple candidates in RNA-mediated inheritance. iScience 2021; 24:102870. [PMID: 34386731 PMCID: PMC8346661 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Single traumatic events that elicit an exaggerated stress response can lead to the development of neuropsychiatric conditions. Rodent studies suggested germline RNA as a mediator of effects of chronic environmental exposures to the progeny. The effects of an acute paternal stress exposure on the germline and their potential consequences on offspring remain to be seen. We find that acute administration of an agonist for the stress-sensitive Glucocorticoid receptor, using the common corticosteroid dexamethasone, affects the RNA payload of mature sperm as soon as 3 hr after exposure. It further impacts early embryonic transcriptional trajectories, as determined by single-embryo sequencing, and metabolism in the offspring. We show persistent regulation of tRNA fragments in sperm and descendant 2-cell embryos, suggesting transmission from sperm to embryo. Lastly, we unravel environmentally induced alterations in sperm circRNAs and their targets in the early embryo, highlighting this class as an additional candidate in RNA-mediated inheritance of disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Gapp
- Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Guillermo E. Parada
- Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Fridolin Gross
- Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland
| | | | - Jasmine Kaur
- Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Evelyn Grau
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Medicine, CITIID, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Martin Hemberg
- Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Johannes Bohacek
- Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Eric A. Miska
- Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pankey CL, Odhiambo JF, Smith AM, Ford SP. Effects of maternal obesity in an ovine model on metabolic outcomes in F2 adults and F3 neonates. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 76:106628. [PMID: 33895699 PMCID: PMC8169583 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2021.106628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that indications of metabolic syndrome can be inherited through the germline as a result of maternal obesity. We hypothesized that diet-induced maternal obesity during gestation would program metabolic consequences for multiple generations of offspring, even when first, second, and third generation offspring (F1, F2, F3, respectively) were fed only to requirements. Control (CON) and obese (OB) ewes (generation 0; F0) were bred to a single ram to produce the first generation of offspring (F1). From 60 d prior to conception through term, CONF0 ate 100% National Research Council recommendations (NRC), while OBF0 ewes ate 150% NRC. All F1, F2, and F3 ate 100% NRC after weaning. All mature F1 ewes were bred to a single ram to generate CONF2 (n = 6) and OBF2 (n = 10). All mature F2 ewes were bred to a single ram to produce CONF3 (n = 6) and OBF3 (n = 10). OBF2 ewes exhibited greater (P < 0.0001) plasma cortisol than CONF2 throughout gestation. A glucose tolerance test at 90% gestation revealed OBF2 ewes had higher (P < 0.05) insulin response with similar glucose, resulting in greater (P < 0.05) insulin resistance. OBF3 neonates had similar weight, lean mass, and body fat mass to CONF3 neonates. These data suggest that multigenerational programming of adverse metabolic phenotypes occur in association with F0 maternal obesity, yet adiposity may return to CON levels in F3 neonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Pankey
- Department of Biomedical Science, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV, USA; Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
| | - J F Odhiambo
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA; College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - A M Smith
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - S P Ford
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huerta-Cervantes M, Peña-Montes DJ, López-Vázquez MÁ, Montoya-Pérez R, Cortés-Rojo C, Olvera-Cortés ME, Saavedra-Molina A. Effects of Gestational Diabetes in Cognitive Behavior, Oxidative Stress and Metabolism on the Second-Generation Off-Spring of Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051575. [PMID: 34066827 PMCID: PMC8150291 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes (GD) has a negative impact on neurodevelopment, resulting in cognitive and neurological deficiencies. Oxidative stress (OS) has been reported in the brain of the first-generation offspring of GD rats. OS has been strongly associated with neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, we determined the effect of GD on the cognitive behavior, oxidative stress and metabolism of second-generation offspring. GD was induced with streptozotocin (STZ) in pregnant rats to obtain first-generation offspring (F1), next female F1 rats were mated with control males to obtain second-generation offspring (F2). Two and six-month-old F2 males and females were employed. Anxious-type behavior, spatial learning and spatial working memory were evaluated. In cerebral cortex and hippocampus, the oxidative stress and serum biochemical parameters were measured. Male F2 GD offspring presented the highest level of anxiety-type behavior, whilst females had the lowest level of anxiety-type behavior at juvenile age. In short-term memory, adult females presented deficiencies. The offspring F2 GD females presented modifications in oxidative stress biomarkers in the cerebral cortex as lipid-peroxidation, oxidized glutathione and catalase activity. We also observed metabolic disturbances, particularly in the lipid and insulin levels of male and female F2 GD offspring. Our results suggest a transgenerational effect of GD on metabolism, anxiety-like behavior, and spatial working memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Huerta-Cervantes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico; (M.H.-C.); (D.J.P.-M.); (R.M.-P.); (C.C.-R.)
| | - Donovan J. Peña-Montes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico; (M.H.-C.); (D.J.P.-M.); (R.M.-P.); (C.C.-R.)
| | - Miguel Ángel López-Vázquez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia 58341, Michoacán, Mexico;
| | - Rocío Montoya-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico; (M.H.-C.); (D.J.P.-M.); (R.M.-P.); (C.C.-R.)
| | - Christian Cortés-Rojo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico; (M.H.-C.); (D.J.P.-M.); (R.M.-P.); (C.C.-R.)
| | - María Esther Olvera-Cortés
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia 58341, Michoacán, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (M.E.O.-C.); (A.S.-M.); Tel.: +52-443-322-2600 (M.E.O.-C.); +52-443-326-5790 (A.S.-M.)
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico; (M.H.-C.); (D.J.P.-M.); (R.M.-P.); (C.C.-R.)
- Correspondence: (M.E.O.-C.); (A.S.-M.); Tel.: +52-443-322-2600 (M.E.O.-C.); +52-443-326-5790 (A.S.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Obri A, Serra D, Herrero L, Mera P. The role of epigenetics in the development of obesity. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113973. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
11
|
|
12
|
Yang S, Zhao N, Sun B, Yang Y, Hu Y, Zhao R. Grandmaternal betaine supplementation enhances hepatic IGF2 expression in F2 rat offspring through modification of promoter DNA methylation. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:1486-1494. [PMID: 31756772 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We reported previously that maternal betaine promotes hepatic insulin-like growth factor (IGF2) expression in F1 offspring rats through hypermethylation of the IGF2/H19 imprinting control region (ICR). It remains unknown whether this acquired trait can be transmitted to the F2 generation. This study aimed to determine whether dietary betaine supplementation to grand dams affects the hepatic IGF2 expression in F2 rat offspring and how it is related to alterations in DNA methylation. F2 rat offspring derived from grand dams fed basal or betaine-supplemented diet (10 g kg-1 ) were examined at weaning. Serum IGF2 concentration was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hepatic expression of IGF2, together with other proliferation and apoptosis markers, was determined by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The methylation status of the IGF2/H19 ICR and the promoters of IGF2 gene were detected by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction (MeDIP-qPCR). RESULTS The maternal betaine-induced up-regulation of hepatic IGF2 expression in F1 rat offspring was transmitted to the F2 generation. The F2 rats from the betaine group demonstrated enhanced hepatic IGF2 expression at both mRNA and protein levels, in association with higher serum IGF2 concentration. No alterations were observed in the ICR methylation of the IGF2/H19 locus, and hypomethylation was detected in promoters of IGF2 gene in betaine group. CONCLUSION These results indicate that maternal betaine enhances hepatic IGF2 expression in F2 rat offspring through modification of DNA methylation on IGF2 promoters. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Nannan Zhao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Bo Sun
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yun Hu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brown MM, Woolcott CG, Dodds L, Ashley-Martin J, Allen VM, Fahey J, Kuhle S. The 3G Multigenerational Cohort of Nova Scotian women and their mothers and offspring. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2020; 34:214-221. [PMID: 32003903 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The negative impact of exposures such as maternal obesity, excessive gestational weight gain, and hypertension in pregnancy on the health of the next generation has been well studied. Evidence from animal studies suggests that the effects of in utero exposures may persist into the second generation, but the epidemiological literature on the influence of pregnancy-related exposures across three generations in humans is sparse. OBJECTIVES This cohort was established to investigate associations between antenatal and perinatal exposures and health outcomes in women and their offspring. POPULATION The cohort includes women who were born and subsequently had their own pregnancies in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia from 1980 onward. DESIGN Intergenerational linkage of data in the Nova Scotia Atlee Perinatal Database was used to establish a population-based dynamic retrospective cohort. METHODS The cohort has prospectively collected information on sociodemographics, maternal health and health behaviours, pregnancy health and complications, and obstetrical and neonatal outcomes for two generations of women and their offspring. PRELIMINARY RESULTS As of October 2018, the 3G cohort included 14 978 grandmothers (born 1939-1986), 16 766 mothers or cohort women (born 1981-2003), and 28 638 children (born 1996-2018). The cohort women were generally younger than Nova Scotian women born after 1980, and as a result, characteristics associated with pregnancy at a younger age were more frequently seen in the cohort women; sampling weights will be created to account for this design effect. The cohort will be updated annually to capture future deliveries to women who are already in the cohort and women who become eligible for inclusion when they deliver their first child. CONCLUSIONS The 3G Multigenerational Cohort is a population-based cohort of women and their mothers and offspring, spanning a time period of 38 years, and provides the opportunity to study inter- and transgenerational associations across the maternal line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Brown
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Pediatrics, and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Christy G Woolcott
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Pediatrics, and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Linda Dodds
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Pediatrics, and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jillian Ashley-Martin
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Pediatrics, and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Victoria M Allen
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - John Fahey
- Reproductive Care Program of Nova Scotia, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Stefan Kuhle
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Pediatrics, and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yan S, Hou W, Wu H, Jiang W, Li Y, Zhang Y, Li H, Yang S, Sun C, Han T, Li Y. Prenatal exposure to the Chinese famine and the risk of metabolic syndrome in adulthood across consecutive generations. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 74:1229-1236. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-0561-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
15
|
Liberman N, Wang SY, Greer EL. Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: from phenomena to molecular mechanisms. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2019; 59:189-206. [PMID: 31634674 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inherited information not encoded in the DNA sequence can regulate a variety of complex phenotypes. However, how this epigenetic information escapes the typical epigenetic erasure that occurs upon fertilization and how it regulates behavior is still unclear. Here we review recent examples of brain related transgenerational epigenetic inheritance and delineate potential molecular mechanisms that could regulate how non-genetic information could be transmitted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noa Liberman
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Simon Yuan Wang
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Eric Lieberman Greer
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Portha B, Grandjean V, Movassat J. Mother or Father: Who Is in the Front Line? Mechanisms Underlying the Non-Genomic Transmission of Obesity/Diabetes via the Maternal or the Paternal Line. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020233. [PMID: 30678214 PMCID: PMC6413176 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive epidemiological and experimental evidence have shown that exposure to an adverse intrauterine environment as observed in offspring of pregnancies complicated by obesity or diabetes, can program susceptibility to metabolic, endocrine and cardiovascular disorders later in life. Although most studies have concentrated on the maternal environment, it is also becoming evident that paternal exposure to obesity or diabetes can result in the later development of metabolic disorders in the offspring. Such programmed effects might not be limited to the first directly exposed generation, but could be transmitted to subsequent generations. This suggests the existence of mechanisms by which metabolic changes in parental phenotype are transmissible to offspring. The mechanisms which underpin the transmission of the programmed effects across generations are still unclear. However, epigenetic regulation of transcription has emerged as a strong candidate for mediating the heritability of metabolic diseases. Here, we review the most relevant evidence from human and animal studies showing transmission of programming effects of obesity or diabetes across generations, and the current mechanisms underlying either maternal or paternal influences on the metabolic status of offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Portha
- Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Laboratoire B2PE (Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine), Unité BFA (Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative), Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS UMR 8251, F-75205 Paris CEDEX 13, France.
| | - Valérie Grandjean
- Inserm U1065 C3M, Team Control of Gene Expression (10), Université Côte d'Azur, 151 Route de Ginestière, 06204 Nice CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Jamileh Movassat
- Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Laboratoire B2PE (Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine), Unité BFA (Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative), Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS UMR 8251, F-75205 Paris CEDEX 13, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Norouzitallab P, Baruah K, Vanrompay D, Bossier P. Can epigenetics translate environmental cues into phenotypes? Sci Total Environ 2019; 647:1281-1293. [PMID: 30180336 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Living organisms are constantly exposed to wide ranges of environmental cues. They react to these cues by undergoing a battery of phenotypic responses, such as by altering their physiological and behavioral traits, in order to adapt and survive in the changed environments. The adaptive response of a species induced by environmental cues is typically thought to be associated with its genetic diversity such that higher genetic diversity provides increased adaptive potential. This originates from the general consensus that phenotypic traits have a genetic basis and are subject to Darwinian natural selection and Mendelian inheritance. There is no doubt about the validity of these principles, supported by the successful introgression of specific traits during (selective) breeding. However, a range of recent studies provided fascinating evidences suggesting that environmental effects experienced by an organism during its lifetime can have marked influences on its phenotype, and additionally the organism can pass on the acquired phenotypes to its subsequent generations through non-genetic mechanisms (also termed as epigenetic mechanism) - a notion that dates back to Lamarck and has been controversial ever since. In this review, we describe how the epigenetics has reshaped our long perception about the inheritance/development of phenotypes within organisms, contrasting with the classical gene-based view of inheritance. We particularly highlighted recent developments in our understanding of inheritance of parental environmental induced phenotypic traits in multicellular organisms under different environmental conditions, and discuss how modifications of the epigenome contribute to the determination of the adult phenotype of future generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Norouzitallab
- Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium; Laboratory of Aquaculture &Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
| | - Kartik Baruah
- Laboratory of Aquaculture &Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium; Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daisy Vanrompay
- Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture &Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
The ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions is critical for any species to survive. Many environmental changes occur too rapidly for an organism's genome to adapt in time. Accordingly, being able to modify either its own phenotype, or the phenotype of its offspring to better suit future anticipated environmental conditions could afford an organism a significant advantage. However, a range of animal models and human epidemiological data sets are now showing that environmental factors such as changes in the quality or quantity of an individual's diet, temperature, stress or exposure to pollutants can all adversely affect the quality of parental gametes, the development of the preimplantation embryo and the health and wellbeing of offspring over multiple generations. This chapter will examine transgenerational effects of both maternal and paternal environmental factors on offspring development and wellbeing in both human and animal model studies. Changes in the epigenetic status of either parental or grand-parental gametes provide one candidate mechanism through which the impacts of environmental experience can be passed from one generation to another. This chapter will therefore also focus on the impact of parental and grand-parental diet on epigenetic transgenerational inheritance and offspring phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L Morgan
- Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Adam J Watkins
- Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Winther G, Eskelund A, Bay-Richter C, Elfving B, Müller HK, Lund S, Wegener G. Grandmaternal high-fat diet primed anxiety-like behaviour in the second-generation female offspring. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:47-55. [PMID: 30336180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The health consequences of maternal obesity during pregnancy are disturbing as they may contribute to mental disorders in subsequent generations. We examine the influence of suboptimal grandmaternal diet on potential metabolic and mental health outcome of grand-progenies with a high-fat diet (HFD) manipulation in adulthood in a rat HFD model. Grandmaternal exposure to HFD exacerbated granddaughter's anxiety-like phenotype. Grandmaternal exposure to HFD led to upregulated corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 mRNA expression involved in the stress axis in the male F2 offspring. Thus, we demonstrate that suboptimal grandmaternal diet prior to and during pregnancy and lactation may persist across subsequent generations. These findings have important implications for understanding both individual rates of metabolic and mental health problems and the clinical impact of current global trends towards comorbidity of obesity and depression and anxiety. In conclusion, the effect of grandmaternal HFD consumption during pregnancy on stress axis function and mental disorders may be transmitted to future generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun Winther
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, DK-8240, Denmark.
| | - Amanda Eskelund
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, DK-8240, Denmark.
| | - Cecilie Bay-Richter
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, DK-8240, Denmark.
| | - Betina Elfving
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, DK-8240, Denmark.
| | - Heidi Kaastrup Müller
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, DK-8240, Denmark.
| | - Sten Lund
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine Medical Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark.
| | - Gregers Wegener
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, DK-8240, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, AUGUST Centre, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cissé O, Fajardy I, Delahaye F, Dickes A, Montel V, Moitrot E, Breton C, Vieau D, Laborie C. Effect of diet in females (F1) from prenatally undernourished mothers on metabolism and liver function in the F2 progeny is sex-specific. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:2411-23. [PMID: 30167852 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1794-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Poor maternal nutrition sensitises to the development of metabolic diseases and obesity in adulthood over several generations. The prevalence increases when offspring is fed with a high-fat (HF) diet after weaning. This study aims to determine whether such metabolic profiles can be transmitted to the second generation and even aggravated when the mothers were exposed to overnutrition, with attention to potential sex differences. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats were subjected to ad libitum (control) or 70% food-restricted diet (FR) during gestation (F0). At weaning, F1 females were allocated to three food protocols: (1) standard diet prior to and throughout gestation and lactation, (2) HF diet prior to and standard diet throughout gestation and lactation, and (3) HF diet prior to and throughout gestation and lactation. F2 offspring was studied between 16 and 32 weeks of age. RESULTS FR-F2 offspring on standard diet showed normal adiposity and had no significant metabolic alterations in adulthood. Maternal HF diet resulted in sex-specific effects with metabolic disturbances more apparent in control offspring exposed to HF diet during gestation and lactation. Control offspring displayed glucose intolerance associated with insulin resistance in females. Female livers overexpressed lipogenesis genes and those of males the genes involved in lipid oxidation. Gene expression was significantly attenuated in the FR livers. Increased physical activity associated with elevated corticosterone levels was observed in FR females on standard diet and in all females from overnourished mothers. CONCLUSIONS Maternal undernutrition during gestation (F0) improves the metabolic health of second-generation offspring with more beneficial effects in females.
Collapse
|
21
|
Walker VR, Boyles AL, Pelch KE, Holmgren SD, Shapiro AJ, Blystone CR, Devito MJ, Newbold RR, Blain R, Hartman P, Thayer KA, Rooney AA. Human and animal evidence of potential transgenerational inheritance of health effects: An evidence map and state-of-the-science evaluation. Environ Int 2018; 115:48-69. [PMID: 29549716 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of reports suggest early life exposures result in adverse effects in offspring who were never directly exposed; this phenomenon is termed "transgenerational inheritance." Given concern for public health implications for potential effects of exposures transmitted to subsequent generations, it is critical to determine how widespread and robust this phenomenon is and to identify the range of exposures and possible outcomes. OBJECTIVES This scoping report examines the evidence for transgenerational inheritance associated with exposure to a wide range of stressors in humans and animals to identify areas of consistency, uncertainty, data gaps, and to evaluate general risk of bias issues for the transgenerational study design. METHODS A protocol was developed to collect and categorize the literature into a systematic evidence map for transgenerational inheritance by health effects, exposures, and evidence streams following the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) approach for conducting literature-based health assessments. RESULTS A PubMed search yielded 63,758 unique records from which 257 relevant studies were identified and categorized into a systematic evidence map by evidence streams (46 human and 211 animal), broad health effect categories, and exposures. Data extracted from the individual studies are available in the Health Assessment Workspace Collaborative (HAWC) program. There are relatively few bodies of evidence where multiple studies evaluated the same exposure and the same or similar outcomes. Studies evaluated for risk of bias generally had multiple issues in design or conduct. CONCLUSIONS The evidence mapping illustrated that risk of bias, few studies, and heterogeneity in exposures and endpoints examined present serious limitations to available bodies of evidence for assessing transgenerational effects. Targeted research is suggested to addressed inconsistencies and risk of bias issues identified, and thereby establish more robust bodies of evidence to critically assess transgenerational effects - particularly by adding data on exposure-outcome pairs where there is some evidence (i.e., reproductive, metabolic, and neurological effects).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vickie R Walker
- Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT), Division of National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Institute of Environmental Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Abee L Boyles
- Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT), Division of National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Institute of Environmental Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Katherine E Pelch
- Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT), Division of National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Institute of Environmental Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Shapiro
- Program Operations Branch, DNTP, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Chad R Blystone
- Toxicology Branch, DNTP, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Michael J Devito
- NTP Laboratory, DNTP, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Retha R Newbold
- Researcher Emeritus, DNTP, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Kristina A Thayer
- Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT), Division of National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Institute of Environmental Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Andrew A Rooney
- Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT), Division of National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Institute of Environmental Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hearn J, Chow FWN, Barton H, Tung M, Wilson PJ, Blaxter M, Buck A, Little TJ. Daphnia magna microRNAs respond to nutritional stress and ageing but are not transgenerational. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:1402-1412. [PMID: 29420841 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Maternal effects, where the performance of offspring is determined by the condition of their mother, are widespread and may in some cases be adaptive. The crustacean Daphnia magna shows strong maternal effects: offspring size at birth and other proxies for fitness are altered when their mothers are older or when mothers have experienced dietary restriction. The mechanisms for this transgenerational transmission of maternal experience are unknown, but could include changes in epigenetic patterning. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regulators of gene expression that have been shown to play roles in intergenerational information transfer, and here, we test whether miRNAs are involved in D. magna maternal effects. We found that miRNAs were differentially expressed in mothers of different ages or nutritional state. We then examined miRNA expression in their eggs, their adult daughters and great granddaughters, which did not experience any treatments. The maternal (treatment) generation exhibited differential expression of miRNAs, as did their eggs, but this was reduced in adult daughters and lost by great granddaughters. Thus, miRNAs are a component of maternal provisioning, but do not appear to be the cause of transgenerational responses under these experimental conditions. MicroRNAs may act in tandem with egg provisioning (e.g., with carbohydrates or fats), and possibly other small RNAs or epigenetic modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Hearn
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Franklin Wang-Ngai Chow
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harriet Barton
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew Tung
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philip J Wilson
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark Blaxter
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Amy Buck
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tom J Little
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Abundant evidence shows that the genome is not as static as once thought and that gene expression can be reversibly modulated by the environment. In some cases, these changes can be transmitted to the next generation even if the environment has reverted. Such transgenerational epigenetic inheritance requires that information be stored in the germline in response to exogenous stressors. One of the most elusive questions in the field of epigenetic inheritance is the identity of such inherited factor(s). Answering this question would allow us to understand how the environment can shape human populations for multiple generations and may help to explain the rapid rise in obesity and neurodegenerative diseases in modern society. It will also provide clues on how we might be able to reprogramme the epigenome to prevent transmission of detrimental phenotypes and identify individuals who might be at increased risk of disease. In this article, we aim to review recent developments in this field, focusing on research conducted mostly in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and mice, that link environmental modulators with the transgenerational inheritance of phenotypes that affect protein-folding homoeostasis and ageing.
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Many aspects of human development and disease are influenced by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Understanding how our genes respond to the environment is central to managing health and disease, and is one of the major contemporary challenges in human genetics. Various epigenetic processes affect chromosome structure and accessibility of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to the enzymatic machinery that leads to expression of genes. One important epigenetic mechanism that appears to underlie the interaction between environmental factors, including diet, and our genome, is chemical modification of the DNA. The best understood of these modifications is methylation of cytosine residues in DNA. It is now recognized that the pattern of methylated cytosines throughout our genomes (the 'methylome') can change during development and in response to environmental cues, often with profound effects on gene expression. Many dietary constituents may indirectly influence genomic pathways that methylate DNA, and there is evidence for biochemical links between nutritional quality and mental health. Deficiency of both macro- and micronutrients has been associated with increased behavioural problems, and nutritional supplementation has proven efficacious in treatment of certain neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review we examine evidence from the fields of nutrition, developmental biology, and mental health that supports dietary impacts on epigenetic processes, particularly DNA methylation. We then consider whether such processes could underlie the demonstrated efficacy of dietary supplementation in treatment of mental disorders, and whether targeted manipulation of DNA methylation patterns using controlled dietary supplementation may be of wider clinical value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Stevens
- a Department of Pathology , University of Otago , P.O. Box 4345, Christchurch , New Zealand
| | - Julia J Rucklidge
- b Department of Psychology , University of Canterbury , Christchurch , New Zealand
| | - Martin A Kennedy
- a Department of Pathology , University of Otago , P.O. Box 4345, Christchurch , New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Oestreich AK, Moley KH. Developmental and Transmittable Origins of Obesity-Associated Health Disorders. Trends Genet 2017; 33:399-407. [PMID: 28438343 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The current global obesity pandemic is clearly linked to both the increasing prevalence of, and preference for, foods high in calories, specifically fat and sucrose, and declining levels of daily physical activity. A less commonly discussed possible explanation is that risk of obesity begins in utero as a result of developmental plasticity during early life. This idea fits into the broader Developmental Origins of Health and Diseases (DOHAD) hypothesis, which holds that stressful in utero exposure manifests as disease in adulthood. In this review, we highlight several studies that have revealed the role of epigenetics in multigenerational transmission of developmentally programmed obesity and associated cardiometabolic disease.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhao N, Yang S, Hu Y, Dong H, Zhao R. Maternal betaine supplementation in rats induces intergenerational changes in hepatic IGF-1 expression and DNA methylation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28239993 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Betaine is widely used in animal nutrition to promote growth. Here, we aimed to investigate whether maternal betaine supplementation during pregnancy can exert multigenerational effects on growth across two generations and the possible epigenetic modifications associated to such effects. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diet supplemented with 1% betaine throughout the pregnancy and lactation. Betaine-supplemented dams produced bigger litter but smaller F1 pups at birth and weaning. However, F2 pubs had higher weaning weight. In accordance with the growth performance, serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were significantly lower in F1 yet higher in F2 pups, so was hepatic IGF-1 mRNA expression. Concurrently, dietary betaine supplementation to F0 dams increased hepatic expression of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase, at both mRNA and protein levels, in F1, but not F2 pups. Moreover, hepatic IGF-1 gene promoter 1 was detected to be significantly hypermethylated in F1 pups, whereas both promoters 1 and 2, together with almost all exons, were found to be hypomethylated in F2 offspring. CONCLUSION Maternal betaine supplementation during pregnancy and lactation exerts distinct effects on growth of F1 and F2 rat offspring, probably through differential modification of IGF-1 gene methylation and expression in liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Shu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
DNA methylation and histone modifications determine renal programming and the development and progression of renal disease. The identification of the way in which the renal cell epigenome is altered by environmental modifiers driving the onset and progression of renal diseases has extended our understanding of the pathophysiology of kidney disease progression. In this review, we focus on current knowledge concerning the implications of epigenetic modifications during renal disease from early development to chronic kidney disease progression including renal fibrosis, diabetic nephropathy and the translational potential of identifying new biomarkers and treatments for the prevention and therapy of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Wanner
- Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Center for Systems Biology (ZBSA), Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany. .,Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 66, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Wibke Bechtel-Walz
- Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 66, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang Y, Liu H, Sun Z. Lamarck rises from his grave: parental environment-induced epigenetic inheritance in model organisms and humans. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 92:2084-2111. [PMID: 28220606 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organisms can change their physiological/behavioural traits to adapt and survive in changed environments. However, whether these acquired traits can be inherited across generations through non-genetic alterations has been a topic of debate for over a century. Emerging evidence indicates that both ancestral and parental experiences, including nutrition, environmental toxins, nurturing behaviour, and social stress, can have powerful effects on the physiological, metabolic and cellular functions in an organism. In certain circumstances, these effects can be transmitted across several generations through epigenetic (i.e. non-DNA sequence-based rather than mutational) modifications. In this review, we summarize recent evidence on epigenetic inheritance from parental environment-induced developmental and physiological alterations in nematodes, fruit flies, zebrafish, rodents, and humans. The epigenetic modifications demonstrated to be both susceptible to modulation by environmental cues and heritable, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and small non-coding RNAs, are also summarized. We particularly focus on evidence that parental environment-induced epigenetic alterations are transmitted through both the maternal and paternal germlines and exert sex-specific effects. The thought-provoking data presented here raise fundamental questions about the mechanisms responsible for these phenomena. In particular, the means that define the specificity of the response to parental experience in the gamete epigenome and that direct the establishment of the specific epigenetic change in the developing embryos, as well as in specific tissues in the descendants, remain obscure and require elucidation. More precise epigenetic assessment at both the genome-wide level and single-cell resolution as well as strategies for breeding at relatively sensitive periods of development and manipulation aimed at specific epigenetic modification are imperative for identifying parental environment-induced epigenetic marks across generations. Considering their diverse epigenetic architectures, the conservation and prevalence of the mechanisms underlying epigenetic inheritance in non-mammals require further investigation in mammals. Interpretation of the consequences arising from epigenetic inheritance on organisms and a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms will provide insight into how gene-environment interactions shape developmental processes and physiological functions, which in turn may have wide-ranging implications for human health, and understanding biological adaptation and evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huijie Liu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhongsheng Sun
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Park JH, Kim SH, Lee MS, Kim MS. Epigenetic modification by dietary factors: Implications in metabolic syndrome. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 54:58-70. [PMID: 28216432 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary factors play a role in normal biological processes and are involved in the regulation of pathological progression over a lifetime. Evidence has emerged indicating that dietary factor-dependent epigenetic modifications can significantly affect genome stability and the expression of mRNA and proteins, which are involved in metabolic dysfunction. Since metabolic syndrome is a progressive phenotype characterized by insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or type 2 diabetes, gene-diet interactions are important processes involved in the initiation of particular symptoms of metabolic syndrome and their progression. Some epigenetic risk markers can be initiated or reversed by diet and environmental factors. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the interactions between dietary factors and epigenetic changes in metabolic syndrome. We discuss the contribution of nutritional factors in transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic markers and summarize the current knowledge of epigenetic modifications by dietary bioactive components in metabolic diseases. The intake of dietary components that regulate epigenetic modifications can provide significant health effects and, as an epigenetic diet, may prevent various pathological processes in the development of metabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ho Park
- Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do 13539, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Gyeonggi-do 13539, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Hee Kim
- Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do 13539, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Soo Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sunny Kim
- Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do 13539, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Gyeonggi-do 13539, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Takaya J, Yamanouchi S, Tanabe Y, Kaneko K. A Calcium-Deficient Diet in Rat Dams during Gestation Decreases HOMA-β% in 3 Generations of Offspring. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics 2017; 9:276-286. [PMID: 28190006 DOI: 10.1159/000456025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal malnutrition can affect the phenotype of offspring by altering epigenetic regulation. Calcium (Ca) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance syndrome. AIMS We hypothesized that a Ca-deficient diet during pregnancy would alter insulin resistance and secretion in more than 1 generation of offspring. METHODS Female Wistar rats consumed either a Ca-deficient or a control diet ad libitum from 3 weeks before conception to 21 days after parturition and were mated with control males. Randomly selected F1 and F2 females were mated with males of each generation on postnatal day 70. The F1 and F2 dams were fed a control diet ad libitum during pregnancy and lactation. All offspring were fed a control diet starting at the time of weaning and were sacrificed on day 180. RESULTS HOMA-β% decreased in F1 through F3, and levels in F2 and F3 males and females were significantly lower than in controls. The mean levels of insulin and HOMA-IR were higher in F1 males but lower in F3 males than in control males. The HOMA-IR did not differ between any of the female offspring and controls. CONCLUSIONS Maternal Ca restriction during pregnancy and/or lactation influences insulin secretion in 3 generations of offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junji Takaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawachi General Hospital, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cheong JN, Cuffe JSM, Jefferies AJ, Anevska K, Moritz KM, Wlodek ME. Sex-Specific Metabolic Outcomes in Offspring of Female Rats Born Small or Exposed to Stress During Pregnancy. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4104-4120. [PMID: 27571133 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Low birth weight increases adult metabolic disease risk in both the first (F1) and second (F2) generation. Physiological stress during pregnancy in F1 females that were born small induces F2 fetal growth restriction, but the long-term metabolic health of these F2 offspring is unknown. Uteroplacental insufficiency (restricted) or sham (control) surgery was performed in F0 rats. F1 females (control, restricted) were allocated to unstressed or stressed pregnancies. F2 offspring exposed to maternal stress in utero had reduced birth weight. At 6 months, F2 stressed males had elevated fasting glucose. In contrast, F2 restricted males had reduced pancreatic β-cell mass. Interestingly, these metabolic deficits were not present at 12 month. F2 males had increased adrenal mRNA expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein and IGF-1 receptor when their mothers were born small or exposed to stress during pregnancy. Stressed control F2 males had increased expression of adrenal genes that regulate androgen signaling at 6 months, whereas expression increased in restricted male and female offspring at 12 months. F2 females from stressed mothers had lower area under the glucose curve during glucose tolerance testing at 12 months compared with unstressed females but were otherwise unaffected. If F1 mothers were either born small or exposed to stress during her pregnancy, F2 offspring had impaired physiological outcomes in a sex- and age-specific manner. Importantly, stress during pregnancy did not exacerbate disease risk in F2 offspring of mothers born small, suggesting that they independently program disease in offspring through different mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean N Cheong
- Department of Physiology (J.N.C., A.J.J., K.A., M.E.W.), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences (J..S.M.C., K.M.M.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; School of Medical Science (J.S.M.C.), Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; and Department of Physiology (K.A.), Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - James S M Cuffe
- Department of Physiology (J.N.C., A.J.J., K.A., M.E.W.), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences (J..S.M.C., K.M.M.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; School of Medical Science (J.S.M.C.), Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; and Department of Physiology (K.A.), Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Andrew J Jefferies
- Department of Physiology (J.N.C., A.J.J., K.A., M.E.W.), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences (J..S.M.C., K.M.M.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; School of Medical Science (J.S.M.C.), Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; and Department of Physiology (K.A.), Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Kristina Anevska
- Department of Physiology (J.N.C., A.J.J., K.A., M.E.W.), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences (J..S.M.C., K.M.M.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; School of Medical Science (J.S.M.C.), Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; and Department of Physiology (K.A.), Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Karen M Moritz
- Department of Physiology (J.N.C., A.J.J., K.A., M.E.W.), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences (J..S.M.C., K.M.M.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; School of Medical Science (J.S.M.C.), Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; and Department of Physiology (K.A.), Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Mary E Wlodek
- Department of Physiology (J.N.C., A.J.J., K.A., M.E.W.), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences (J..S.M.C., K.M.M.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; School of Medical Science (J.S.M.C.), Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; and Department of Physiology (K.A.), Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hardivillé S, Hart GW. Nutrient regulation of gene expression by O-GlcNAcylation of chromatin. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2016; 33:88-94. [PMID: 27322399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic post-translational modification that is responsive to nutrient availably via the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and its endproduct UDP-GlcNAc. O-GlcNAcylation serves as a nutrient sensor to regulate the activities of many proteins involved in nearly all biological processes. Within the last decade, OGT, OGA and O-GlcNAcylation have been shown to be at the nexus of epigenetic marks controlling gene expression during embryonic development, cell differentiation, in the maintenance of epigenetic states and in the etiology of epigenetic related diseases. OGT O-GlcNAcylates histones and epigenetic writers/erasers, and regulates gene activation, as well as gene repression. Here, we highlight recent work documenting the important roles O-GlcNAcylation and its cycling enzymes play in the nutrient regulation of epigenetic partners controlling gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphan Hardivillé
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205-2185, USA.
| | - Gerald W Hart
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205-2185, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Aiken CE, Tarry-Adkins JL, Ozanne SE. Transgenerational effects of maternal diet on metabolic and reproductive ageing. Mamm Genome 2016; 27:430-9. [PMID: 27114382 PMCID: PMC4935748 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-016-9631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The early-life environment, in particular maternal diet during pregnancy, influences a wide range of organs and systems in adult offspring. Mounting evidence suggests that developmental programming can also influence health and disease in grand-offspring. Transgenerational effects can be defined as those persisting into an F2 generation, where the F0 mother experiences suboptimal diet during her pregnancy. In this review, we critically examine evidence for transgenerational developmental programming effects in human populations, focusing on metabolic and reproductive outcomes. We discuss evidence from historical cohorts suggesting that grandchildren of women exposed to famine and other dietary alterations during pregnancy may experience increased rates of later health complications than their control counterparts. The methodological difficulties with transgenerational studies in human cohorts are explored. In particular, the problems with assessing reproductive outcomes in human populations are discussed. In light of the relative paucity of evidence available from human cohorts, we consider key insights from transgenerational experimental animal models of developmental programming by maternal diet; data are drawn from a range of rodent models, as well as the guinea-pig and the sheep. The evidence for different potential mechanisms of transgenerational inheritance or re-propagation of developmental programming effects is evaluated. Transgenerational effects could be transmitted through methylation of the gametes via the paternal and maternal lineage, as well as other possible mechanisms via the maternal lineage. Finally, future directions for exploring these underlying mechanisms further are proposed, including utilizing large, well-characterized, prospective pregnancy cohorts that include biobanks, which have been established in various populations during the last few decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Aiken
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Rosie Hospital and NIHR Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Box 223, Cambridge, CB2 0SW, UK
| | - Jane L Tarry-Adkins
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Susan E Ozanne
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Remely M, de la Garza AL, Magnet U, Aumueller E, Haslberger AG. Obesity: epigenetic regulation – recent observations. Biomol Concepts 2016; 6:163-75. [PMID: 26061622 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2015-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors, especially nutrition and lifestyle, have been discussed in the literature for their relevance to epidemic obesity. Gene-environment interactions may need to be understood for an improved understanding of the causes of obesity, and epigenetic mechanisms are of special importance. Consequences of epigenetic mechanisms seem to be particularly important during certain periods of life: prenatal, postnatal and intergenerational, transgenerational inheritance are discussed with relevance to obesity. This review focuses on nutrients, diet and habits influencing intergenerational, transgenerational, prenatal and postnatal epigenetics; on evidence of epigenetic modifiers in adulthood; and on animal models for the study of obesity.
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
In utero undernutrition is associated with increased risk for insulin resistance, obesity, and cardiovascular disease during adult life. A common phenotype associated with low birth weight is reduced skeletal muscle mass. Given the central role of skeletal muscle in whole body metabolism, alterations in its mass as well as its metabolic characteristics may contribute to disease risk. This review highlights the metabolic alterations in cardiac and skeletal muscle associated with in utero undernutrition and low birth weight. These tissues have high metabolic demands and are known to be sites of major metabolic dysfunction in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Recent research demonstrates that mitochondrial energetics are decreased in skeletal and cardiac muscles of adult offspring from undernourished mothers. These effects apparently lead to the development of a thrifty phenotype, which may represent overall a compensatory mechanism programmed in utero to handle times of limited nutrient availability. However, in an environment characterized by food abundance, the effects are maladaptive and increase adulthood risks of metabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Beauchamp
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bhandari RK. Medaka as a model for studying environmentally induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of phenotypes. Environ Epigenet 2016; 2:dvv010. [PMID: 29492282 PMCID: PMC5804509 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvv010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ability of environmental stressors to induce transgenerational diseases has been experimentally demonstrated in plants, worms, fish, and mammals, indicating that exposures affect not only human health but also fish and ecosystem health. Small aquarium fish have been reliable model to study genetic and epigenetic basis of development and disease. Additionally, fish can also provide better, economic opportunity to study transgenerational inheritance of adverse health and epigenetic mechanisms. Molecular mechanisms underlying germ cell development in fish are comparable to those in mammals and humans. This review will provide a short overview of long-term effects of environmental chemical contaminant exposure in various models, associated epigenetic mechanisms, and a perspective on fish as model to study environmentally induced transgenerational inheritance of altered phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramji K Bhandari
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xu X, Weber D, Burge R, Vanamberg K. Neurobehavioral impairments produced by developmental lead exposure persisted for generations in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Neurotoxicology 2016; 52:176-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
38
|
Xu X, Weber D, Martin A, Lone D. Trans-generational transmission of neurobehavioral impairments produced by developmental methylmercury exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Neurotoxicol Teratol 2016; 53:19-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
39
|
Jimenez-chillaron JC, Ramon-krauel M, Ribo S, Diaz R. Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of diabetes risk as a consequence of early nutritional imbalances. Proc Nutr Soc 2016; 75:78-89. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665115004231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In today's world, there is an unprecedented rise in the prevalence of chronic metabolic diseases, including obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The pathogenesis of T2D includes both genetic and environmental factors, such as excessive energy intake and physical inactivity. It has recently been suggested that environmental factors experienced during early stages of development, including the intrauterine and neonatal periods, might play a major role in predisposing individuals to T2D. Furthermore, several studies have shown that such early environmental conditions might even contribute to disease risk in further generations. In this review, we summarise recent data describing how parental nutrition during development increases the risk of diabetes in the offspring. We also discuss the potential mechanisms underlying transgenerational inheritance of metabolic disease, with particular emphasis on epigenetic mechanisms.
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Exposure to an adverse early-life environment leads to long-term health problems, many of which are recapitulated in subsequent generations. The female reproductive tract is particularly sensitive to early-life influences, and plays a pivotal role in programming the conceptus. We examine the influence of suboptimal grandmaternal diet on reproductive potential of granddaughters in the absence of any further dietary manipulations in the daughters in a rat low-protein diet model. Exposure to low-protein grand-maternal diet leads to decreased ovarian reserve and increased intra-abdominal fat mass in granddaughters, accompanied by accelerated accumulation of oxidative stress and mtDNA copy number instability in the ovaries. Ovarian telomere length declines more rapidly in the exposed granddaughters, indicating accelerated ageing in the reproductive tract. Thus, we demonstrate that suboptimal grandmaternal diet during pregnancy accelerates reproductive ageing across subsequent generations. These findings have important implications for understanding both individual rates of decline in fertility with age, and the clinical impact of current global trends towards delayed childbearing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C E Aiken
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Box 223, The Rosie Hospital and NIHR Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0SW, United Kingdom
| | - J L Tarry-Adkins
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S E Ozanne
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fernandez-Twinn DS, Constância M, Ozanne SE. Intergenerational epigenetic inheritance in models of developmental programming of adult disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 43:85-95. [PMID: 26135290 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is now well established that the environment to which we are exposed during fetal and neonatal life can have a long-term impact on our health. This has been termed the developmental origins of health and disease. Factors known to have such programming effects include intrauterine nutrient availability (determined by maternal nutrition and placental function), endocrine disruptors, toxins and infectious agents. Epigenetic processes have emerged as a key mechanism by which the early environment can permanently influence cell function and metabolism after multiple rounds of cell division. More recently it has been suggested that programmed effects can be observed beyond the first generation and that therefore epigenetic mechanisms could form the basis of transmission of phenotype from parent to child to grandchild and beyond. Here we review the evidence for such processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denise S Fernandez-Twinn
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Level 4, Box 289, Addenbrookes Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Constância
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E Ozanne
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Level 4, Box 289, Addenbrookes Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Godfrey KM, Costello PM, Lillycrop KA. The developmental environment, epigenetic biomarkers and long-term health. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2015; 6:399-406. [PMID: 26017068 DOI: 10.1017/S204017441500121X] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Evidence from both human and animal studies has shown that the prenatal and early postnatal environments influence susceptibility to chronic disease in later life and suggests that epigenetic processes are an important mechanism by which the environment alters long-term disease risk. Epigenetic processes, including DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNAs, play a central role in regulating gene expression. The epigenome is highly sensitive to environmental factors in early life, such as nutrition, stress, endocrine disruption and pollution, and changes in the epigenome can induce long-term changes in gene expression and phenotype. In this review we focus on how the early life nutritional environment can alter the epigenome leading to an altered susceptibility to disease in later life.
Collapse
|
43
|
Araminaite V, Zalgeviciene V, Simkunaite-Rizgeliene R, Stukas R, Kaminskas A, Tutkuviene J. Maternal caloric restriction prior to pregnancy increases the body weight of the second-generation male offspring and shortens their longevity in rats. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2015; 234:41-50. [PMID: 25175031 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.234.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Maternal undernutrition can affect offspring's physical status and various health parameters that might be transmittable across several generations. Many studies have focused on undernutrition throughout pregnancy, whereas maternal undernutrition prior to pregnancy is not sufficiently studied. The objective of our study was to explore the effects of food restriction prior to and during pregnancy on body weight and longevity of the second generation offspring. Adult female Wistar rats ("F0" generation) were 50% food restricted for one month prior to pregnancy (pre-pregnancy) or during pre-pregnancy and pregnancy. The third group was fed normally (control). The first generation offspring were normally fed until the 6(th) month of age to produce the second generation offspring; namely, the first-generation female rats were mated with male breeders from outside the experiment. The second generation offspring thus obtained were observed until natural death (up to 36 months). Compared to the controls, the second-generation male offspring whose "grandmothers (F0 females)" undernourished only during pre-pregnancy were significantly heavier from the 8(th) month of age, whereas no significant weight difference was found in the male offspring whose "grandmothers" were food-restricted during pre-pregnancy and pregnancy. Shorter lifespan was observed in the second-generation male offspring of "grandmothers" that were food-restricted either during pre-pregnancy or during pre-pregnancy and pregnancy. By contrast, no differences in body weight and lifespan were observed in all second-generation female offspring. In conclusion, maternal caloric restriction prior to pregnancy increases the body weight and shortens the longevity of the second-generation male offspring, indicating the sex-dependent transgenerational effect of maternal caloric restriction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Araminaite
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Willems E, Koppenol A, De Ketelaere B, Wang Y, Franssens L, Buyse J, Decuypere E, Everaert N. Effects of nutritional programing on growth and metabolism caused by albumen removal in an avian model. J Endocrinol 2015; 225:89-100. [PMID: 25957190 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian models of prenatal undernutrition the maternal diet is manipulated, exerting both nutritional and hormonal effects on the offspring. In contrast, in the chicken, strictly nutritional effects can be applied. Prenatal protein undernutrition in chickens was induced by partial replacement of albumen with saline during early embryonic development (albumen-deprived group) and results were compared with a sham-manipulated and a non-manipulated group. Body weight of the albumen-deprived hens was reduced throughout the entire experimental period (0-55 weeks). The reproductive capacity was diminished in the albumen-deprived hens as reflected in the reduced number of eggs and lower egg weight. The plasma triiodothyronine levels were increased in the albumen-deprived group compared with the non-manipulated hens, but not the sham-manipulated hens. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 10 weeks of age revealed a decreased glucose tolerance in the albumen-deprived hens. During adulthood, an age-related loss of glucose tolerance was observed in the hens, leading to disappearance of treatment differences in the OGTT. The offspring of the albumen-deprived hens (PA chicks) had reduced body weight until at least 3 weeks of age. In addition, the PA chicks had a decreased relative residual yolk weight at hatching. An insulin tolerance test revealed increased sensitivity to insulin for the PA chicks compared with the offspring of the non-manipulated (PN) and sham-manipulated hens (PS). In conclusion, prenatal protein undernutrition by albumen removal caused long-term effects on body weight, reproductive performance, and physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Els Willems
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Astrid Koppenol
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Bart De Ketelaere
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Lies Franssens
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Johan Buyse
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Eddy Decuypere
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ILVO Animal Sciences Unit Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium Division of MeBioS Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30 Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium Animal Science Unit Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Greer EL, Blanco MA, Gu L, Sendinc E, Liu J, Aristizábal-Corrales D, Hsu CH, Aravind L, He C, Shi Y. DNA Methylation on N6-Adenine in C. elegans. Cell 2015; 161:868-78. [PMID: 25936839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In mammalian cells, DNA methylation on the fifth position of cytosine (5mC) plays an important role as an epigenetic mark. However, DNA methylation was considered to be absent in C. elegans because of the lack of detectable 5mC, as well as homologs of the cytosine DNA methyltransferases. Here, using multiple approaches, we demonstrate the presence of adenine N(6)-methylation (6mA) in C. elegans DNA. We further demonstrate that this modification increases trans-generationally in a paradigm of epigenetic inheritance. Importantly, we identify a DNA demethylase, NMAD-1, and a potential DNA methyltransferase, DAMT-1, which regulate 6mA levels and crosstalk between methylations of histone H3K4 and adenines and control the epigenetic inheritance of phenotypes associated with the loss of the H3K4me2 demethylase spr-5. Together, these data identify a DNA modification in C. elegans and raise the exciting possibility that 6mA may be a carrier of heritable epigenetic information in eukaryotes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lieberman Greer
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Mario Andres Blanco
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lei Gu
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erdem Sendinc
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jianzhao Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - David Aristizábal-Corrales
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chih-Hung Hsu
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - L Aravind
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 208943, USA
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yang Shi
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Metabolic disease encompasses several disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Recently, the incidence of metabolic disease has drastically increased, driven primarily by a worldwide obesity epidemic. Transgenerational inheritance remains controversial, but has been proposed to contribute to human metabolic disease risk based on a growing number of proof-of-principle studies in model organisms ranging from Caenorhabditis elegans to Mus musculus to Sus scrofa. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that heritable risk is epigenetically transmitted from parent to offspring over multiple generations in the absence of a continued exposure to the triggering stimuli. A diverse assortment of initial triggers can induce transgenerational inheritance including high-fat or high-sugar diets, low-protein diets, various toxins, and ancestral genetic variants. Although the mechanistic basis underlying the transgenerational inheritance of disease risk remains largely unknown, putative molecules mediating transmission include small RNAs, histone modifications, and DNA methylation. Due to the considerable impact of metabolic disease on human health, it is critical to better understand the role of transgenerational inheritance of metabolic disease risk to open new avenues for therapeutic intervention and improve upon the current methods for clinical diagnoses and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Stegemann
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - David A Buchner
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Department of Biological Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
It has long been understood that the pathogenesis of complex diseases such as diabetes includes both genetic and environmental components. More recently, it has become clear that not only does an individual's environment influence their own metabolism, but in some cases, the environment experienced by their parents may also contribute to their risk of metabolic disease. Here, we review the evidence that parental diet influences metabolic phenotype in offspring in mammals and provide a current survey of our mechanistic understanding of these effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Rando
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Rebecca A Simmons
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Overnutrition, obesity, and the rise in associated comorbidities are widely recognized as preventable challenges to global health. Behavioral, metabolic, and epigenetic influences that alter the epigenome, when passed on to offspring, can increase their risk of developing an altered metabolic profile. This review is focused on the role of paternal inheritance as demonstrated by clinical, epidemiological, and experimental models. Development of additional experimental models that resemble the specific epigenetic sensitive situations in human studies will be essential to explore paternally induced trans-generational effects that are mediated, primarily, by epigenetic effects. Further elucidation of epigenetic marks will help identify preventive and therapeutic targets, which in combination with healthy lifestyle choices, can diminish the growing tide of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Slyvka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, HCOM, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sharma A. Variable directionality of gene expression changes across generations does not constitute negative evidence of epigenetic inheritance. Environ Epigenet 2015; 1:dvv005. [PMID: 29492280 PMCID: PMC5804684 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvv005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in mammals has been controversial due to inherent difficulties in its experimental demonstration. A recent report has, however, opened a new front in the ongoing debate by claiming that endocrine disrupting chemicals, contrary to previous findings, do not cause effects across generations. This claim is based on the observation that gene expression changes induced by these chemicals in the exposed and unexposed generations are mainly in the opposite direction. This analysis shows that the pattern of gene expression reported in the two generations is not expected by chance and is suggestive of transmission across generations. A meta-analysis of diverse data sets related to endocrine disruptor-induced transgenerational gene expression alterations, including the data provided in the said report, further suggests that effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals persist in unexposed generations. Based on the prior evidence of phenotypic variability and gene expression alterations in opposite direction between generations, it is argued here that calling evidence of mismatched directionality in gene expression in experiments testing potential of environmental agents in inducing epigenetic inheritance of phenotypic traits as negative is untenable. This is expected to settle the newly raised doubts over epigenetic inheritance in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Council of Scientific
and Industrial Research, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- *Correspondence address. CSIR-Institute of Genomics and
Integrative Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura
Road, New Delhi 110025, India. Tel: +91-11-26932421; Fax:
+91-11-27662407;
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Reyes-Castro LA, Rodríguez-González GL, Chavira R, Ibáñez C, Lomas-Soria C, Rodriguez JS, Nathanielsz PW, Zambrano E. Paternal line multigenerational passage of altered risk assessment behavior in female but not male rat offspring of mothers fed a low protein diet. Physiol Behav 2014; 140:89-95. [PMID: 25496979 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Maternal low protein (MLP) diets in pregnancy and lactation impair offspring brain development and modify offspring behavior. We hypothesized multigenerational passage of altered behavioral outcomes as has been demonstrated following other developmental programming challenges. We investigated potential multigenerational effects of MLP in rat pregnancy and/or lactation on offspring risk assessment behavior. Founder generation mothers (F0) ate 20% casein (C) or restricted (R) 10% casein diet, providing four groups: CC, RR, CR, and RC (first letter pregnancy, second letter lactation diet) to evaluate offspring (F1) effects influenced by MLP in F0. On postnatal day (PND 250), F1 males were mated to non-colony siblings producing F2. On PND 90, F2 females (in diestrous) and F2 males were tested in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field. Corticosterone was measured at PND 110. Female but not male CR and RC F2 made more entries and spent more time in EPM open arms than CC females. Overall activity was unchanged as observed in male F1 fathers. There were no open field differences in F2 of either sex, indicating that multigenerational MLP effects are due to altered risk assessment, not locomotion. MLP in pregnancy reduced F1 male and F2 female corticosterone. We conclude that MLP in pregnancy and/or lactation increases the innate tendency to explore novel environments in F2 females via the paternal linage, suggesting lower levels of caution and/or higher impulsiveness to explore unknown spaces. Further studies will be necessary to identify the epigenetic modifications in the germ line through the paternal linage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L A Reyes-Castro
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - G L Rodríguez-González
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R Chavira
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C Ibáñez
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C Lomas-Soria
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico; Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - J S Rodriguez
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - P W Nathanielsz
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - E Zambrano
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|