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Saranya I, Dharshini VS, Akshaya RL, Subhashini PS, Selvamurugan N. Regulatory and therapeutic implications of competing endogenous RNA network in breast cancer progression and metastasis: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131075. [PMID: 38531528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a global health concern, and development of diagnostic tools and targeted treatments for BC remains challenging. Therapeutic approaches for BC often involve a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormone therapy. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), in BC and their therapeutic implications. Various biological processes such as cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis rely on the activities of these ncRNAs, and their dysregulation has been implicated in BC progression. The regulatory function of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, which comprises lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs, has been the subject of extensive pathophysiological research. Most lncRNAs serve as molecular sponges for miRNAs and sequester their activities, thereby regulating the expression of target mRNAs and contributing to the promotion or inhibition of BC progression. This review summarizes recent findings on the role of ceRNA networks in BC progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance, and highlights the association of ceRNA networks with transcription factors and signaling pathways. Understanding the ceRNA network can lead to the discovery of biomarkers and targeted treatment methods to prevent the spread and metastasis of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Saranya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Sowfika Dharshini
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R L Akshaya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Sakthi Subhashini
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Alzahrani AA, Saleh RO, Latypova A, Bokov DO, Kareem AH, Talib HA, Hameed NM, Pramanik A, Alawadi A, Alsalamy A. Therapeutic significance of long noncoding RNAs in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3993. [PMID: 38532685 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
About 70% of cases of breast cancer are compromised by Estrogen-positive breast cancer. Through its regulation of several processes, including cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis, Estrogen signaling plays a pivotal role in the genesis and progression of this particular kind of breast cancer. One of the best treatment strategies for treating Estrogen-positive breast cancer is blocking Estrogen signaling. However, patients' treatment failure is mainly caused by the emergence of resistance and metastases, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic targets. Numerous studies have shown long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to play a role in Estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis. These lncRNAs interact with co-regulators and the Estrogen signaling cascade components, primarily due to Estrogen activation. Vimentin and E-cadherin are examples of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers, and they regulate genes involved in cell cycle progression, such as Cyclins, to affect the growth, proliferation, and metastasis of Estrogen-positive breast cancer. Furthermore, a few of these lncRNAs contribute to developing resistance to chemotherapy, making them more desirable targets for enhancing results. Thus, to shed light on the creation of fresh approaches for treating this cancer, this review attempts to compile recently conducted studies on the relationship between lncRNAs and the advancement of Estrogen-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | - Amaliya Latypova
- Department of Medical and Technical Information Technology, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref Campus, Kuwait
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Hayder Abdullah Talib
- College of Agriculture, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Noora M Hameed
- Anesthesia techniques, Al-Nisour University College, Iraq
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- Divison of Research and Innovation, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
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3
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Martins EP, Vieira de Castro J, Fontes R, Monteiro-Reis S, Henrique R, Jerónimo C, Costa BM. Relevance of HOTAIR rs920778 and rs12826786 Genetic Variants in Bladder Cancer Risk and Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:434. [PMID: 38275875 PMCID: PMC10814037 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is associated with oncogenic features in bladder cancer and is predictive of poor clinical outcomes in patients diagnosed with this disease. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the HOTAIR single nucleotide polymorphisms rs920778 and rs12826786 on bladder cancer risk and survival. This case-control study included 106 bladder cancer patients and 199 cancer-free controls. Polymorphisms were evaluated through PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were tested using univariable and multivariable logistic regressions. The effects on patient survival were evaluated using the log-rank test and Cox regression models. Our data showed that the HOTAIR rs920778 and rs12826786 genetic variants are not associated with the risk of developing bladder cancer. Nevertheless, survival analyses suggested that the HOTAIR rs920778 TT genotype and rs12826786 CC genotype are associated with increased survival in male bladder cancer patients and in patients, both male and female, who have primary tumors with a pathological stage of pT2. Together, these results suggest that, despite not being associated with bladder cancer risk, HOTAIR rs920778 and rs12826786 polymorphisms might represent new prognostic factors in this type of cancer. This is particularly important as these polymorphisms might be easily evaluated in bladder cancer patients in a minimally invasive manner to better predict their clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda P. Martins
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (E.P.M.); (J.V.d.C.); (R.F.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana Vieira de Castro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (E.P.M.); (J.V.d.C.); (R.F.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rita Fontes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (E.P.M.); (J.V.d.C.); (R.F.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sara Monteiro-Reis
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.M.-R.); (R.H.); (C.J.)
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.M.-R.); (R.H.); (C.J.)
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Immunology, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.M.-R.); (R.H.); (C.J.)
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Immunology, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno M. Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (E.P.M.); (J.V.d.C.); (R.F.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Hakami MA, Hazazi A, Abdulaziz O, Almasoudi HH, Alhazmi AYM, Alkhalil SS, Alharthi NS, Alhuthali HM, Almalki WH, Gupta G, Khan FR. HOTAIR: A key regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade in cancer progression and treatment. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154957. [PMID: 38000201 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR occupies a central position in the complex domain of cancer biology, particularly concerning its intricate interplay with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted interactions between HOTAIR and the Wnt/β-catenin cascade, elucidating their profound function in cancer growth, progression, and therapeutic strategies. The study commences by underscoring the pivotal role of the Wnt/β-catenin cascade in governing essential cellular activities, emphasizing its dysregulation as a linchpin in cancer initiation and advancement. It introduces HOTAIR as a crucial regulatory entity, influencing gene expression in both healthy and diseased. The core of this review plunges into the intricacies of HOTAIR's engagement with Wnt/β-catenin signaling. It unravels how HOTAIR, through epigenetic modifications and transcriptional control, exerts its influence over key pathway constituents, including β-catenin, Wnt ligands, and target genes. This influence drives unchecked cancer cell growth, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, the review underscores the clinical significance of the HOTAIR-Wnt/β-catenin interplay, elucidating its associations with diverse cancer subtypes, patient prognoses, and prospects as a therapy. It provides insights into ongoing research endeavors to develop HOTAIR-targeted treatments and initiatives to facilitate aberrant Wnt/β-catenin activation. Concluding on a forward-looking note, the article accentuates the broader implications of HOTAIR's involvement in cancer biology, including its contributions to therapy resistance and metastatic dissemination. It underscores the importance of delving deeper into these intricate molecular relationships to pave the way for groundbreaking cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hazazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Abdulaziz
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Hussain Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Samia S Alkhalil
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahed S Alharthi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences. College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudia Arabia
| | - Hayaa M Alhuthali
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Farhan R Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Abdel-Hamid NR, Mohammed EA, Toraih EA, Kamel MM, Abdelhafiz AS, Badr FM. Circulating ESR1, long non-coding RNA HOTAIR and microRNA-130a gene expression as biomarkers for breast cancer stage and metastasis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22654. [PMID: 38114755 PMCID: PMC10730703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most prevalent cancer among women, has posed a significant challenge in identifying biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis. This study aimed to elucidate the gene expression profile of Estrogen Receptor-1 (ESR-1), long non-coding RNA HOTAIR, and microRNA-130a in the serum of Egyptian breast cancer patients, evaluating the potential of HOTAIR and miR-130a as biomarkers for predicting pathological parameters in BC. The study involved 45 patients with primary BC, with serum samples collected preoperatively and postoperatively twice. The expression levels of ESR-1, HOTAIR, and miR-130a were quantified using real-time PCR and analyzed for correlations with each other and with the clinical and pathological parameters of the patients. Serum HOTAIR levels exhibited a strong positive association with metastasis and demonstrated a significant increase after 6 months in all patients with locally advanced and stage IV BC. Conversely, tumors with advanced stages and metastatic lesions showed significantly lower expression levels of miR-130a. Notably, a significant positive correlation was observed between preoperative ESR-1 expression and both HOTAIR and miR-130a levels. Serum HOTAIR and miR-130a levels have emerged as promising non-invasive biomarkers with the potential to predict the pathological features of BC patients. HOTAIR, an oncogenic long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and miR-130a, a tumor suppressor miRNA, play crucial roles in tumor progression. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the intricate interplay between HOTAIR and miR-130a and to fully comprehend the contribution of HOTAIR to BC recurrence and its potential utility in early relapse prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura R Abdel-Hamid
- Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman A Mohammed
- Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman A Toraih
- Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Mahmoud M Kamel
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini Street, From El-Khalig Square, Cairo, 11796, Egypt
- Baheya Centre for Early Detection and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Samir Abdelhafiz
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini Street, From El-Khalig Square, Cairo, 11796, Egypt.
| | - Fouad M Badr
- Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Samidurai A, Olex AL, Ockaili R, Kraskauskas D, Roh SK, Kukreja RC, Das A. Integrated Analysis of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Rapamycin-Induced Cardioprotection against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rabbits. Cells 2023; 12:2820. [PMID: 38132140 PMCID: PMC10742118 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with rapamycin (RAPA) provides protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetes. Since interactions between transcripts, including long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA(miRNA) and mRNA, regulate the pathophysiology of disease, we performed unbiased miRarray profiling in the heart of diabetic rabbits following I/R injury with/without RAPA treatment to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and their predicted targets of lncRNAs/mRNAs. Results showed that among the total of 806 unique miRNAs targets, 194 miRNAs were DE after I/R in diabetic rabbits. Specifically, eight miRNAs, including miR-199a-5p, miR-154-5p, miR-543-3p, miR-379-3p, miR-379-5p, miR-299-5p, miR-140-3p, and miR-497-5p, were upregulated and 10 miRNAs, including miR-1-3p, miR-1b, miR-29b-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-30e-3p, miR-133c, miR-196c-3p, miR-322-5p, miR-499-5p, and miR-672-5p, were significantly downregulated after I/R injury. Interestingly, RAPA treatment significantly reversed these changes in miRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated the participation of miRNAs in the regulation of several signaling pathways related to I/R injury, including MAPK signaling and apoptosis. Furthermore, in diabetic hearts, the expression of lncRNAs, HOTAIR, and GAS5 were induced after I/R injury, but RAPA suppressed these lncRNAs. In contrast, MALAT1 was significantly reduced following I/R injury, with the increased expression of miR-199a-5p and suppression of its target, the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. RAPA recovered MALAT1 expression with its sponging effect on miR-199-5p and restoration of Bcl-2 expression. The identification of novel targets from the transcriptome analysis in RAPA-treated diabetic hearts could potentially lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for diabetic patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Samidurai
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (A.S.); (R.O.); (D.K.); (S.K.R.)
| | - Amy L. Olex
- Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;
| | - Ramzi Ockaili
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (A.S.); (R.O.); (D.K.); (S.K.R.)
| | - Donatas Kraskauskas
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (A.S.); (R.O.); (D.K.); (S.K.R.)
| | - Sean K. Roh
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (A.S.); (R.O.); (D.K.); (S.K.R.)
| | - Rakesh C. Kukreja
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (A.S.); (R.O.); (D.K.); (S.K.R.)
| | - Anindita Das
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (A.S.); (R.O.); (D.K.); (S.K.R.)
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Zhao J, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Wu N, Zhang X, Guo R, Li H, Li C, Zheng K, Liu D, Tang S. Long noncoding RNA HOTAIR promotes breast cancer development through the lncRNA HOTAIR/miR-1/GOLPH3 axis. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:3420-3430. [PMID: 37099061 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lncRNA HOTAIR is frequently overexpressed in breast cancer tissues and plays an important role in the development of breast cancer. Here, we investigated the effect of the lncRNA HOTAIR on the biological behaviour of breast cancer cells and its molecular mechanism. METHODS We investigated the level of HOTAIR in breast cancer and its clinical pathological characteristics by bioinformatic methods. Then, we evaluated the effects of HOTAIR and miRNA-1 expression on the biological behaviour of breast cancer cells by qPCR, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, clonogenic assays, Transwell assay and flow cytometry for cell proliferation, invasion migration and apoptosis, and cell cycle analysis. Finally, the target genes of the lncRNA HOTAIR/miR-1/GOLPH3 regulatory axis were validated by luciferase reports. RESULTS The expression of HOTAIR in breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal breast tissues (P < 0.05). Silencing of HOTAIR suppressed cell proliferation, invasion and migration, promoted apoptosis and induced G1 phase block in breast cancer (P < 0.0001). We also verified that miR-1 is a target of HOTAIR and that GOLPH3 is a target of miR-1 by luciferase reporter assays (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The expression of HOTAIR was significantly elevated in breast cancer tissues. Reducing the expression of HOTAIR inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of breast cancer cells and promoted apoptosis, and the mechanism was mainly the effect of the lncRNA HOTAIR/miR-1/GOLPH3 regulatory axis on the biological behaviour of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Yingzhu Zhao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Medical School, Yunnan College of Business Management, Kunming, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Huimeng Li
- Second Department of General Surgery, Southern Central Hospital of Yunnan Province, The First People's Hospital of Honghe State, Honghe Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Mengzi, Honghe, China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China.
| | - Dequan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China.
| | - Shicong Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China.
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Yang K, Xiao Y, Zhong L, Zhang W, Wang P, Ren Y, Shi L. p53-regulated lncRNAs in cancers: from proliferation and metastasis to therapy. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1456-1470. [PMID: 37679529 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as master gene regulators through various mechanisms such as transcription, translation, protein modification and RNA-protein complexes. LncRNA dysregulation is frequently associated with a variety of biological functions and human diseases including cancer. The p53 network is a key tumor-suppressive mechanism that transcriptionally activates target genes to suppress cellular proliferation in human malignancies. Recent research indicates that lncRNAs play an important role in the p53 signaling pathway. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of lncRNAs in p53-relevant functions and provide an overview of how these altered lncRNAs contribute to tumor initiation and progression. We also discuss the association between lncRNA and up- or downstream genes of p53. These findings imply that lncRNAs can help identify cellular vulnerabilities that may prove to be promising potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Yang
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Xiao
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghui Zhong
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyang Zhang
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075131, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Ren
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- RNA Oncology Group, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Khaliefa AK, Desouky EM, Hozayen WG, Shaaban SM, Hasona NA. miRNA-1246, HOTAIR, and IL-39 signature as potential diagnostic biomarkers in breast cancer. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:205-210. [PMID: 36865390 PMCID: PMC9972401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular alterations in noncoding RNA can lead to a cellular storm that is correlated to higher mortality and morbidity rates and contributes to the progression and metastasis of cancer. Herein, we aim to evaluate the expression levels and correlations of microRNA-1246 (miR-1246), HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), and interleukin-39 (IL-39) in patients with breast cancer (BC). In this study, 130 participants were recruited, including 90 breast cancer patients and 40 healthy control participants. Serum levels of miR-1246 and HOTAIR expression were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Also, the level of IL-39 expression was evaluated using a Western blot. All BC participants demonstrated a remarkable elevation in miR-1246 and HOTAIR expression levels. Moreover, IL-39 expression levels demonstrated a noticeable decline in BC patients. Furthermore, the differential expression fold of miR-1246 and HOTAIR revealed a strong positive correlation among breast cancer patients. In addition, a negative relationship between the IL-39 and the miR-1246 and HOTAIR differential expression was also noticed. This study revealed that HOTAIR/miR-1246 exerts an oncogenic impact in patients with breast cancer. The expression levels of circulation miR-1246, HOTAIR, and IL-39 could be considered early diagnostic biomarkers in BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal K. Khaliefa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salim St., 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ekram M. Desouky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salim St., 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Walaa G. Hozayen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salim St., 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Saeed M. Shaaban
- Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Nabil A. Hasona
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salim St., 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt,Beni Suef National University, Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt,Corresponding author. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salim St., 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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10
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Wang Q, Li G, Ma X, Liu L, Liu J, Yin Y, Li H, Chen Y, Zhang X, Zhang L, Sun L, Ai J, Xu S. LncRNA TINCR impairs the efficacy of immunotherapy against breast cancer by recruiting DNMT1 and downregulating MiR-199a-5p via the STAT1-TINCR-USP20-PD-L1 axis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:76. [PMID: 36725842 PMCID: PMC9892521 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Although programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have achieved some therapeutic success in breast cancer, their efficacy is limited by low therapeutic response rates, which is closely related to the immune escape of breast cancer cells. Tissue differentiation inducing non-protein coding RNA (TINCR), a long non-coding RNA, as an oncogenic gene associated with the progression of various malignant tumors, including breast cancer; however, the role of TINCR in tumor immunity, especially in breast cancer, remains unclear. We confirmed that TINCR upregulated PD-L1 expression in vivo and in vitro, and promoted the progression of breast cancer. Next, we revealed that TINCR knockdown can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of PD-L1 inhibitors in breast cancer in vivo. Mechanistically, TINCR recruits DNMT1 to promote the methylation of miR-199a-5p loci and inhibit its transcription. Furthermore, in the cytoplasm, TINCR potentially acts as a molecular sponge of miR-199a-5p and upregulates the stability of USP20 mRNA through a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory mechanism, thus promoting PD-L1 expression by decreasing its ubiquitination level. IFN-γ stimulation activates STAT1 by phosphorylation, which migrates into the nucleus to promote TINCR transcription. This is the first study to describe the regulatory role of TINCR in breast cancer tumor immunity, broadening the current paradigm of the functional diversity of TINCR in tumor biology. In addition, our study provides new research directions and potential therapeutic targets for PD-L1 inhibitors in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, 150086, Harbin, China
- Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150081, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, 150086, Harbin, China
| | - Guozheng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Jiena Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Yanling Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Yihai Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Liyang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, 150086, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Ai
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, 150086, Harbin, China.
| | - Shouping Xu
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, 150086, Harbin, China.
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
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11
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Golestan S, Soltani BM, Jafarzadeh M, Ghaemi Z, Nafisi N. LINC02381 suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis via attenuating IGF1R/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in breast cancer. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:40. [PMID: 36648607 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-00965-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Identification of the genes and genetic networks involved in breast cancer development is a major need for prevention and therapy. LINC02381 (lncRNA) has already been introduced as a tumor suppressor in colorectal and gastric cancers. Here, we intended to investigate its potential functional effects on breast cancer. In the analysis performed on RNA-Seq and microarray data, the LINC02381 lncRNA was found to be significantly downregulated in the breast tumors and associated with poor survival of the patients. Then, the differential expression of LINC02381 was confirmed in breast tumor tissues and cancer cell lines using RT-qPCR. Overexpression of LINC02381 resulted in reduced IGF1R and p-AKT expression levels which indicates decreased PI3K pathway activity, detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting. At the cellular level, LINC02381 overexpression was followed by a decreased proliferation rate of transfected breast cell lines, detected by PI flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, colony formation, and MTT assays. Consistently, the results of Annexin-V/PI flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, caspase3/7 activity, and AO/EB-H33342/PI dual staining revealed that LINC02381 overexpression induced apoptosis and cell death. The reduced migration rate of these cells was also verified through wound healing assay and RT-qPCR against the EMT-involved genes. Our data show that LINC02381 exerts its tumor suppressor effect at least partly through attenuation of the IGF1R/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which originated from IGF1R downregulation.
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12
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Ozyurt R, Ozpolat B. Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-Estrogen Therapy Resistance and Novel Targeted Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5206. [PMID: 36358625 PMCID: PMC9655708 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, constituting one-third of all cancers in women, and it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Anti-estrogen therapies, such as selective estrogen receptor modulators, significantly improve survival in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC patients, which represents about 70% of cases. However, about 60% of patients inevitably experience intrinsic or acquired resistance to anti-estrogen therapies, representing a major clinical problem that leads to relapse, metastasis, and patient deaths. The resistance mechanisms involve mutations of the direct targets of anti-estrogen therapies, compensatory survival pathways, as well as alterations in the expression of non-coding RNAs (e.g., microRNA) that regulate the activity of survival and signaling pathways. Although cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors have significantly improved survival, the efficacy of these therapies alone and in combination with anti-estrogen therapy for advanced ER+ BC, are not curative in advanced and metastatic disease. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms causing treatment resistance is critical for developing highly effective therapies and improving patient survival. This review focuses on the key mechanisms that contribute to anti-estrogen therapy resistance and potential new treatment strategies alone and in combination with anti-estrogen drugs to improve the survival of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumeysa Ozyurt
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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13
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Chen G, Li X, Ji C, Liu P, Zhou L, Xu D, Wang D, Li J, Yu J. Early myeloid-derived suppressor cells accelerate epithelial-mesenchymal transition by downregulating ARID1A in luminal A breast cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:973731. [PMID: 36329699 PMCID: PMC9623091 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.973731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early myeloid-derived suppressor cells (eMDSCs) are a newly characterized subclass of MDSCs, which exhibit more potent immunosuppressive capacity than classical MDSCs. Previously, we found high eMDSCs infiltration was correlated with poor prognosis of breast cancer, though the regulatory mechanisms have not been fully understood. Here, we constructed a 21-gene signature to evaluate the status of eMDSCs infiltration within breast cancer tissues and found that highly infiltrated eMDSCs affected the prognosis of breast cancer patients, especially in luminal A subtype. We also found that eMDSCs promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and accelerated cell migration and invasion in vitro. Meanwhile, eMDSCs significantly downregulated ARID1A expression in luminal A breast cancer, which was closely associated with EMT and was an important prognostic factor in breast cancer patients. Moreover, significant changes of EMT-related genes were detected in luminal A breast cancer cells after co-cultured with eMDSCs or ARID1A knock-down and overexpression of ARID1A significantly reversed this procedure. These results implied that eMDSCs might suppress the ARID1A expression to promote EMT in luminal A breast cancer cells, which might provide a new light on developing novel treatment regimens for relapsed luminal A breast cancer after conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guidong Chen
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingchen Li
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenyan Ji
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengpeng Liu
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Zhou
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Dechen Xu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Jinpu Yu, ; Jie Li,
| | - Jinpu Yu
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Jinpu Yu, ; Jie Li,
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14
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Jiao Y, Li S, Wang X, Yi M, Wei H, Rong S, Zheng K, Zhang L. A genomic instability-related lncRNA model for predicting prognosis and immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in breast cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:929846. [PMID: 35990656 PMCID: PMC9389369 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.929846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has overtaken lung cancer as the most frequently diagnosed cancer type and is the leading cause of death for women worldwide. It has been demonstrated in published studies that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in genomic stability are closely associated with the progression of breast cancer, and remarkably, genomic stability has been shown to predict the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer therapy, especially colorectal cancer. Therefore, it is of interest to explore somatic mutator-derived lncRNAs in predicting the prognosis and ICI efficacy in breast cancer patients. In this study, the lncRNA expression data and somatic mutation data of breast cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were downloaded and analyzed thoroughly. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to generate the genomic instability-related lncRNAs in a training set, which was subsequently used to analyze a testing set and combination of the two sets. The qRT-PCR was conducted in both normal mammary and breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the Kaplan–Meier and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to validate the predictive effect in the three sets. Finally, the Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm was used to evaluate the association between genomic instability-related lncRNAs and immune checkpoints. As a result, a six-genomic instability-related lncRNA signature (U62317.4, MAPT-AS1, AC115837.2, EGOT, SEMA3B-AS1, and HOTAIR) was identified as the independent prognostic risk model for breast cancer patients. Compared with the normal mammary cells, the qRT-PCR showed that HOTAIR was upregulated while MAPT-AS1, EGOT, and SEMA3B-AS1 were downregulated in breast cancer cells. The areas under the ROC curves at 3 and 5 years were 0.711 and 0.723, respectively. Moreover, the patients classified in the high-risk group by the prognostic model had abundant negative immune checkpoint molecules. In summary, this study suggested that the prognostic model comprising six genomic instability-related lncRNAs may provide survival prediction. It is necessary to identify patients who are suitable for ICIs to avoid severe immune-related adverse effects, especially autoimmune diseases. This model may predict the ICI efficacy, facilitating the identification of patients who may benefit from ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyu Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongqu Wei
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shanjie Rong
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Li Zhang,
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15
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Motalebzadeh J, Eskandari E. Comprehensive analysis of DRAIC and TP53TG1 in breast cancer luminal subtypes through the construction of lncRNAs regulatory model. Breast Cancer. [DOI: 10.1007/s12282-022-01385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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16
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Najafi S, Khatami SH, Khorsand M, Jamali Z, Shabaninejad Z, Moazamfard M, Majidpoor J, Aghaei Zarch SM, Movahedpour A. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs); roles in tumorigenesis and potentials as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113294. [PMID: 35870535 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New research has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in a broad range of biological processes, including the pathogenesis of many complex human diseases, including cancer. The detailed regulation mechanisms of many lncRNAs in cancer initiation and progression have yet to be discovered, even though a few of lncRNAs' functions in cancer have been characterized. In the present study, we summarize recent advances in the mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in cancer. We focused on the roles of newly-identified lncRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors, as well as the potential pathways these molecules could play. The paper also discusses their potential uses as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Khorsand
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Jamali
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shabaninejad
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Sobhani N, Chahwan R, Roudi R, Morris R, Volinia S, Chai D, D'Angelo A, Generali D. Predictive and Prognostic Value of Non-Coding RNA in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2952. [PMID: 35740618 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades since the central dogma, cancer biology research has been focusing on the involvement of genes encoding proteins. It has been not until more recent times that a new molecular class has been discovered, named non-coding RNA (ncRNA), which has been shown to play crucial roles in shaping the activity of cells. An extraordinary number of studies has shown that ncRNAs represent an extensive and prevalent group of RNAs, including both oncogenic or tumor suppressive molecules. Henceforth, various clinical trials involving ncRNAs as extraordinary biomarkers or therapies have started to emerge. In this review, we will focus on the prognostic and diagnostic role of ncRNAs for breast cancer.
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18
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Rezaie N, Bayati M, Hamidi M, Tahaei MS, Khorasani S, Lovell NH, Breen J, Rabiee HR, Alinejad-Rokny H. Somatic point mutations are enriched in non-coding RNAs with possible regulatory function in breast cancer. Commun Biol 2022; 5:556. [PMID: 35672401 PMCID: PMC9174258 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03528-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) form a large portion of the mammalian genome. However, their biological functions are poorly characterized in cancers. In this study, using a newly developed tool, SomaGene, we analyze de novo somatic point mutations from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) whole-genome sequencing data of 1,855 breast cancer samples. We identify 1030 candidates of ncRNAs that are significantly and explicitly mutated in breast cancer samples. By integrating data from the ENCODE regulatory features and FANTOM5 expression atlas, we show that the candidate ncRNAs significantly enrich active chromatin histone marks (1.9 times), CTCF binding sites (2.45 times), DNase accessibility (1.76 times), HMM predicted enhancers (2.26 times) and eQTL polymorphisms (1.77 times). Importantly, we show that the 1030 ncRNAs contain a much higher level (3.64 times) of breast cancer-associated genome-wide association (GWAS) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) than genome-wide expectation. Such enrichment has not been seen with GWAS SNPs from other cancers. Using breast cell line related Hi-C data, we then show that 82% of our candidate ncRNAs (1.9 times) significantly interact with the promoter of protein-coding genes, including previously known cancer-associated genes, suggesting the critical role of candidate ncRNA genes in the activation of essential regulators of development and differentiation in breast cancer. We provide an extensive web-based resource (https://www.ihealthe.unsw.edu.au/research) to communicate our results with the research community. Our list of breast cancer-specific ncRNA genes has the potential to provide a better understanding of the underlying genetic causes of breast cancer. Lastly, the tool developed in this study can be used to analyze somatic mutations in all cancers. The SomaGene tool is developed to identify non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) mutated in breast cancer but can be used for other cancers. Candidate ncRNAs are shown to be enriched for regulatory features and to contain specific trait loci polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Rezaie
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Masroor Bayati
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11365, Iran
| | - Mehrab Hamidi
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11365, Iran
| | - Maedeh Sadat Tahaei
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11365, Iran
| | - Sadegh Khorasani
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11365, Iran
| | - Nigel H Lovell
- Tyree Institute of Health Engineering and The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - James Breen
- South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5006, Australia.,Bioinformatics Hub, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5006, Australia
| | - Hamid R Rabiee
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11365, Iran.
| | - Hamid Alinejad-Rokny
- BioMedical Machine Learning Lab (BML), The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. .,UNSW Data Science Hub, The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. .,Health Data Analytics Program, AI-enabled Processes (AIP) Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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19
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Lin S, Zhang SL, Yin HT, Zhao ZM, Chen ZK, Shen MM, Zhang ZD, Guo XJ, Wu P. Cellular Lnc_209997 suppresses Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus replication by targeting miR-275-5p in B. mori. Insect Mol Biol 2022; 31:308-316. [PMID: 35060217 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA molecule, which exceeds 200 nucleotides in length and participates in the regulation of a variety of life activities. Recent studies showed that lncRNAs play important roles in viral infection and host immunity. At present, the researches on insect lncRNAs are relatively few. In this study, we found the expression of Lnc_209997 was significantly down-regulated in silkworm fat body infected with Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrosis virus (BmNPV). Inhibition of Lnc_209997 promoted BmNPV replication. Enhancing the expression of Lnc_209997 inhibited the proliferation of BmNPV. miR-275-5p was up-regulated in silkworm fat body infected with BmNPV. Dual luciferase reporter gene system confirmed the interaction between Lnc_209997 and miR-275-5p. Over-expression of Lnc_209997 inhibited the expression of miR-275-5p, while inhibition of Lnc_209997 enhanced the expression of miR-275-5p. Further, over-expression of miR-275-5p can facilitate the replication of BmNPV. These results suggested that BmNPV could increase the expression of miR-275-5p by inhibiting cellular Lnc_209997 expression to promote their own proliferation. Our results are helpful for better understanding the role of lncRNAs in BmNPV infection, and provide insights into elucidating the molecular mechanism of interaction between Bombyx mori and virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Lin
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shao Lun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Tong Yin
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi Meng Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi Kang Chen
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Man Man Shen
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Dong Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Jie Guo
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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20
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Xu H, Hu X, Yan X, Zhong W, Yin D, Gai Y. Exploring noncoding RNAs in thyroid cancer using a graph convolutional network approach. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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21
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Sadeghalvad M, Mansouri K, Mohammadi-Motlagh HR, Noorbakhsh F, Mostafaie A, Alipour S, Rezaei N. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR induces the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in breast cancer cells. Rev Assoc Med Bras 2022; 68:456-462. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20210966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Sadeghalvad
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | - Sadaf Alipour
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Iran
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22
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Lin C, Li Y, Zhang E, Feillet F, Zhang S, Blau N. Importance of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcript HULC for the regulation of phenylalanine hydroxylase and treatment of phenylketonuria. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 135:171-178. [PMID: 35101330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
More than 1280 variants in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene are responsible for a broad spectrum of phenylketonuria (PKU) phenotypes. While the genotype-phenotype correlation is reaching 88%, for some inconsistent phenotypes with the same genotype additional factors like tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), the PAH co-chaperone DNAJC12, phosphorylation of the PAH residues or epigenetic factors may play an important role. Very recently an additional player, the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcript HULC, was described to regulate PAH activity and enhance residual enzyme activity of some PAH variants (e.g., the most common p.R408W) by using HULC mimics. In this review we present an overview of the lncRNA function and in particular the interplay of the HUCL transcript with the PAH and discuss potential applications for the future treatment of some PKU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunru Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Yajuan Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Eric Zhang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - François Feillet
- INSERM, U1256, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France; Pediatric Department Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism Children University Hospital Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Shuxing Zhang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Nenad Blau
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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23
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Si L, Yang Z, Ding L, Zhang D. Regulatory effects of lncRNAs and miRNAs on the crosstalk between autophagy and EMT in cancer: a new era for cancer treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:547-564. [PMID: 35083552 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autophagy and EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) are the two principal biological processes and ideal therapeutic targets during cancer development. Autophagy, a highly conserved process for degrading dysfunctional cellular components, plays a dual role in tumors depending on the tumor stage and tissue types. The EMT process is the transition differentiation from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal-like cell and acquiring metastatic potential. There is evidence that the crosstalk between autophagy and EMT is complex in cancer. In recent years, more studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in autophagy, EMT, and their crosstalk. Therefore, accurate understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs and miRNAs in autophagy, EMT and their interactions is crucial for the clinical management of cancers. METHODS An extensive literature search was conducted on the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The keywords used for the search included: autophagy, EMT, crosstalk, lncRNAs, miRNAs, cancers, diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. This search provided relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals until 2021. Data from these various studies were extracted and used in this review. RESULTS The results showed that lncRNAs/miRNAs as tumor inhibitors or tumor inducers could regulate autophagy, EMT, and their interaction by regulating several molecular signaling pathways. The lncRNAs/miRNAs involved in autophagy and EMT processes could have potential uses in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. CONCLUSION Such information could help find and develop lncRNAs/miRNAs based new tools for diagnosing, prognosis, and creating anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Si
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Zecheng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Lu Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Duoduo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, China
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24
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Dai Z, Liu X, Zeng H, Chen Y. Long noncoding RNA HOTAIR facilitates pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis via DNMT1 mediated hypermethylation of Bcl-2 promoter in COPD. Respir Res 2022; 23:356. [PMID: 36527094 PMCID: PMC9758792 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02234-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the regulatory effect of Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) on pulmonary vascular endothelial cell (HPVEC) apoptosis and determine whether the HOTAIR facilitate HPVEC apoptosis via DNMT1 mediated hypermethylation of Bcl-2 promoter in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS LncRNA array was used to measure the differentially expressed lncRNAs in COPD and non-COPD lung tissues. Expression of HOTAIR in COPD patient lungs and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced HPVEC was assessed by qRT-PCR. The location of HOTAIR was determined in COPD patient lungs and HPVEC by RNA in situ hybridization (RNA-ISH). The emphysema mouse model and HOTAIR knockdown mice were each established by inhaling cigarette smoke or intratracheal lentiviral vectors instillation. The dysregulation of DNA methyltransferase enzyme 1 (DNMT1), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and Cleaved-caspase 3 protein expression were detected by Western blotting. HOTAIR, DNMT1, Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA expression were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) assays were used to assess apoptotic ratio in mice and CSE-induced HPVEC. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) assay was conducted to observe the alterations in the methylation of the Bcl-2 promoter in specimens. RNA pull-down assay was used for analysis of the correlation between HOTAIR and DNMT1. RESULTS The expression levels of the HOTAIR were up-regulated in COPD patient lungs and CSE-induced HPVEC. HPVEC apoptosis with down-regulated Bcl-2 expression, increased promoter methylation, DNMT1, Bax and Cleaved-caspase 3 expression was found in emphysema mouse model and CSE-induced HPVEC. Knockdown HOTAIR can attenuate cell apoptosis and emphysema via DNMT1 mediated hypermethylation of Bcl-2 promoter in mice. In vitro, HOTAIR can aggravate the apoptosis of CSE-exposed HPVEC. DNMT1 was a target of HOTAIR and had a positive correlation with HOTAIR. CONCLUSION HOTAIR facilitates HPVEC apoptosis via DNMT1 mediated hypermethylation of Bcl-2 promoter in COPD, and attenuating the expression of HOTAIR may be a new therapy to prevent COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshang Dai
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangming Liu
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huihui Zeng
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Chen
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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25
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Ma Q, Yang L, Tolentino K, Wang G, Zhao Y, Litzenburger UM, Shi Q, Zhu L, Yang C, Jiao H, Zhang F, Li R, Tsai MC, Chen JA, Lai I, Zeng H, Li L, Chang HY. Inducible lncRNA transgenic mice reveal continual role of HOTAIR in promoting breast cancer metastasis. eLife 2022; 11:79126. [PMID: 36579891 PMCID: PMC9831604 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
HOTAIR is a 2.2-kb long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) whose dysregulation has been linked to oncogenesis, defects in pattern formation during early development, and irregularities during the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the oncogenic transformation determined by HOTAIR in vivo and its impact on chromatin dynamics are incompletely understood. Here, we generate a transgenic mouse model with doxycycline-inducible expression of human HOTAIR in the context of the MMTV-PyMT breast cancer-prone background to systematically interrogate the cellular mechanisms by which human HOTAIR lncRNA acts to promote breast cancer progression. We show that sustained high levels of HOTAIR over time increased breast metastatic capacity and invasiveness in breast cancer cells, promoting migration and subsequent metastasis to the lung. Subsequent withdrawal of HOTAIR overexpression reverted the metastatic phenotype, indicating oncogenic lncRNA addiction. Furthermore, HOTAIR overexpression altered both the cellular transcriptome and chromatin accessibility landscape of multiple metastasis-associated genes and promoted EMT. These alterations are abrogated within several cell cycles after HOTAIR expression is reverted to basal levels, indicating an erasable lncRNA-associated epigenetic memory. These results suggest that a continual role for HOTAIR in programming a metastatic gene regulatory program. Targeting HOTAIR lncRNA may potentially serve as a therapeutic strategy to ameliorate breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Liuyi Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Karen Tolentino
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes and Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Guiping Wang
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes and Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Yang Zhao
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes and Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Ulrike M Litzenburger
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes and Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Quanming Shi
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes and Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Lin Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Huiyuan Jiao
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Rui Li
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes and Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Miao-Chih Tsai
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes and Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Jun-An Chen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ian Lai
- Transgenic, Knockout, and Tumor Model Center, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Hong Zeng
- Transgenic, Knockout, and Tumor Model Center, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Lingjie Li
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes and Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
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26
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Sideris N, Dama P, Bayraktar S, Stiff T, Castellano L. LncRNAs in breast cancer: a link to future approaches. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:1866-1877. [PMID: 35788171 PMCID: PMC9750866 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00487-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer affects millions of women each year. Despite recent advances in targeted treatments breast cancer remains a significant threat to women's health. In recent years the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies has advanced the field of transcriptomics shedding light on the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), in human cellular function and disease. LncRNAs are classified as transcripts longer than 200nt with no coding potential. These transcripts constitute a diverse group of regulatory molecules essential to the modulation of crucial cellular processes, which dysregulation of leads to disease. LncRNAs exert their regulatory functions through their sequences and by forming complex secondary and tertiary structures that interact with other transcripts, chromatin and/or proteins. Numerous studies have provided evidence of the involvement of LncRNAs in tumor development and disease progression. They possess multiple characteristics that make them novel therapeutic and diagnostic targets. Indeed, the discovery of a novel mechanism by which lncRNAs associated with proteins can induce the formation of phase-separated droplets broadens our understanding of the spatiotemporal control of cellular processes and opens up developing a new treatment. Nevertheless, the role and the molecular mechanisms of many lncRNAs in the regulation of cellular processes and cancer still remain elusive. This is due to the absence of a thorough characterization of the regulatory role of their loci and the functional impact of their aberrations in cancer biology. Here, we present some of the latest advances concerning the role of LncRNAs in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Sideris
- grid.12082.390000 0004 1936 7590Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG UK
| | - Paola Dama
- grid.12082.390000 0004 1936 7590Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG UK
| | - Salih Bayraktar
- grid.12082.390000 0004 1936 7590Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG UK
| | - Thomas Stiff
- grid.12082.390000 0004 1936 7590Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG UK
| | - Leandro Castellano
- grid.12082.390000 0004 1936 7590Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG UK ,grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
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Nong Q, Yu S, Hu H, Hu X. Knockdown of lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Drug Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells. Comput Math Methods Med 2021; 2021:9674761. [PMID: 34873418 PMCID: PMC8643235 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9674761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In order to investigate the effect of lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 on breast cancer cells proliferation, migration, and drug resistance as well as its molecular mechanism. METHODS Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of breast cancer tissues and cells from patients admitted to our hospital and the expression of lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 in MCF-7/ADR in adriamycin- (ADR-) resistant breast cancer cells. After interfering with or overexpressing lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 in MCF-7/ADR cells, cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were detected using CCK-8, flow cytometry, Transwell assay, and scratch test, respectively. The protein levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were detected by Western blot. RESULTS lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 was upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cells and increased cell drug resistance to ADR. Downregulation of lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 inhibited invasion and migration of MCF-7/ADR cells, promoted apoptosis, increased chemosensitivity of MCF-7/ADR cells, and inhibited the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in MCF-7/ADR cells. CONCLUSIONS lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 can promote the proliferation, invasion, migration, and drug resistance of breast cancer cells, inhibit apoptosis, and accelerate the development of breast cancer by positively regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaohong Nong
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Shaokang Yu
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Xue Hu
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
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Zhang J, Xiao F, Qiang G, Zhang Z, Ma Q, Hao Y, Xing H, Liang C. Novel lncRNA Panel as for Prognosis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on ceRNA Network Mechanism. Comput Math Methods Med 2021; 2021:8020879. [PMID: 34603485 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8020879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism has been discovered recently and regulating cancer-related gene expressions. The ceRNA network participates in multiple processes, such as cell proliferation and metastasis, and potentially drives the progression of cancer. In this study, we focus on the ceRNA networks of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and discovered a novel biomarker panel for cancer prognosis. Methods RNA expression data of esophageal carcinoma from the TCGA database were achieved and constructed ceRNA network in esophageal carcinoma using R packages. Results Four miRNAs were discovered as the core of the ceRNA model, including miR-93, miR-191, miR-99b, and miR-3615. Moreover, we constructed a ceRNA network in esophageal carcinoma, which included 4 miRNAs and 6 lncRNAs. After ceRNA network modeling, we investigated six lncRNAs which could be taken together as a panel for prognosis prediction of esophageal cancer, including LINC02575, LINC01087, LINC01816, AL136162.1, AC012073.1, and AC117402.1. Finally, we tested the predictive power of the panel in all TCGA samples. Conclusions Our study discovered a new biomarker panel which may have potential values in the prediction of prognosis of esophageal carcinoma.
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29
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Do TTN, Block I, Burton M, Sørensen KP, Larsen MJ, Bak M, Cold S, Thomassen M, Tan Q, Kruse TA. Comparison of the Metastasis Predictive Potential of mRNA and Long Non-Coding RNA Profiling in Systemically Untreated Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4907. [PMID: 34638391 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary To support health care providers in clinical decision-making for breast cancer (BC) patients, profiles of gene activity patterns have previously been developed, where the majority have been based on messenger RNAs (mRNAs), molecules coding for proteins. However, we and others have recently developed profiles based on functional molecules that do not code for proteins—e.g., long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)—demonstrating great prognostic potential. Unfortunately, studies comparing such profiles for predicting relapse in BC patients are very scarce. Therefore, we aimed to compare these two types of molecules (mRNAs and lncRNAs) to forecast relapse in low-risk BC patients using advanced machine learning methods with two different approaches. Regardless of approach, our data suggested that profiles based on lncRNAs improved prediction of relapse and demonstrated potential advantages for future profile development. Abstract Several gene expression signatures based on mRNAs and a few based on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been developed to provide prognostic information beyond clinical evaluation in breast cancer (BC). However, the comparison of such signatures for predicting recurrence is very scarce. Therefore, we compared the prognostic utility of mRNAs and lncRNAs in low-risk BC patients using two different classification strategies. Frozen primary tumor samples from 160 lymph node negative and systemically untreated BC patients were included; 80 developed recurrence—i.e., regional or distant metastasis while 80 remained recurrence-free (mean follow-up of 20.9 years). Patients were pairwise matched for clinicopathological characteristics. Classification based on differential mRNA or lncRNA expression using seven individual machine learning methods and a voting scheme classified patients into risk-subgroups. Classification by the seven methods with a fixed sensitivity of ≥90% resulted in specificities ranging from 16–40% for mRNA and 38–58% for lncRNA, and after voting, specificities of 38% and 60% respectively. Classifier performance based on an alternative classification approach of balanced accuracy optimization also provided higher specificities for lncRNA than mRNA at comparable sensitivities. Thus, our results suggested that classification followed by voting improved prognostic power using lncRNAs compared to mRNAs regardless of classification strategy.
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Liguori G, Cerrone M, De Chiara A, Tafuto S, de Bellis MT, Botti G, Di Bonito M, Cantile M. The Role of lncRNAs in Rare Tumors with a Focus on HOX Transcript Antisense RNA ( HOTAIR). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810160. [PMID: 34576322 PMCID: PMC8466298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare cancers are identified as those with an annual incidence of fewer than 6 per 100,000 persons and includes both epithelial and stromal tumors from different anatomical areas. The advancement of analytical methods has produced an accurate molecular characterization of most human cancers, suggesting a “molecular classification” that has allowed the establishment of increasingly personalized therapeutic strategies. However, the limited availability of rare cancer samples has resulted in very few therapeutic options for these tumors, often leading to poor prognosis. Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs mostly involved in tumor progression and drug response. In particular, the lncRNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) represents an emergent diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarker in many human cancers. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of HOTAIR in rare cancers, proposing it as a new biomarker usable in the management of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Liguori
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Margherita Cerrone
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Annarosaria De Chiara
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Salvatore Tafuto
- Sarcomas and Rare Tumors Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maura Tracey de Bellis
- Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08159031755; Fax: +39-0815903718
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Lai F, Zhang H, Xu B, Xie Y, Yu H. Long non-coding RNA NBR2 suppresses the progress of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo by regulating the polarization of TAM. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5462-5475. [PMID: 34506209 PMCID: PMC8806745 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1958558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) threatens the health of patients with high mortality, which lacks sensitive biomarkers for diagnosis to improve total survival. The lncRNA NBR2 is reported to be downregulated in CRC and suppresses the proliferation of CRC cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to explore the regulatory function of the lncRNA NBR2 on tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) polarization and its consequent anti-tumor effect. Two CRC cell lines were used in this study. We found that the lncRNA NBR2, TNF-α, and HLA-DR were downregulated, and Arg-1, CD163, CD206, and IL-4 were upregulated in CRC tumors. M1 polarization was activated and M2 polarization was suppressed in NBR2-overexpressed macrophages, accompanied by increased production of inflammatory factors, decreased proliferation, and inhibited migration ability in the co-culture system of HCT-116 cells (SW480 cells) and NBR2-overexpressed macrophages. The promoted proliferation and migration were observed in the co-culture system of HCT-116 cells (SW480 cells) and NBR2-knockdown macrophages. The tumor growth of both HCT-116 cells and SW480 cells in the xenograft model was suppressed by co-planting NBR2-overexpressed macrophages and was facilitated by the co-planting of NBR2-knockdown macrophages. The release of inflammatory factors was induced, M1 polarization was facilitated, and M2 polarization was suppressed in tumor tissues in the NBR2-overexpressed group, which were all reversed in the NBR2-knockdown group. Therefore, the lncRNA NBR2 suppressed the progression of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo by regulating TAM polarization.
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Yang S, Yang H, Luo Y, Deng X, Zhou Y, Hu B. Long non-coding RNAs in neurodegenerative diseases. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105096. [PMID: 34118305 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are gradually becoming the main burden of society. The morbidity and mortality caused by neurodegenerative diseases remain significant health-care concerns. For most neurodegenerative diseases, there are no effective treatments. Over the past few decades, in a quest to exploit efficacious disease-modifying therapies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, disease mechanisms, reliable biomarkers and therapeutic targets have become a research priority. At present, lncRNA is an area with potential research value. In this article, we first summarize some of the existing results of research into lncRNAs, including origin, molecular characteristics, location types, and functional types. We then introduce the possible functions of lncRNAs in different neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, some lncRNAs which show promise as biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets are systematically summarized.
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Shi Y, Huang Q, Kong X, Zhao R, Chen X, Zhai Y, Xiong L. Current Knowledge of Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR in Breast Cancer Progression and Its Application. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060483. [PMID: 34073224 PMCID: PMC8230351 DOI: 10.3390/life11060483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most devastating cancers with high morbidity and mortality in females worldwide. Breast tumorigenesis and further development present great uncertainty and complexity, and efficient therapeutic approaches still lack. Accumulating evidence indicates HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is dysregulated in cancers and has emerged as a novel hotspot in the field. In breast cancer, aberrant HOTAIR expression is responsible for advanced tumor progression by regulating multifarious signaling pathways. Besides, HOTAIR may act as competitive endogenous RNA to bind to several microRNAs and suppress their expressions, which can subsequently upregulate the levels of targeted downstream messenger RNAs, thereby leading to further cancer progression. In addition, HOTAIR works as a promising biomarker and predictor for breast cancer patients’ diagnosis or outcome prediction. Recently, HOTAIR is potentially considered to be a drug target. Here, we have summarized the induction of HOTAIR in breast cancer and its impacts on cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and therapeutic resistance, as well as elucidating the underlying mechanisms. This review aims to provide new insights into investigations between HOTAIR and breast cancer development and inspire new methods for studying the association in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qingyun Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xinyu Kong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ruichen Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xinyue Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yujia Zhai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Lixia Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogenesis and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-791-8636-0556
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Liu Z, Ouyang G, Lu W, Zhang H. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating miR-526b-3p/DHX33 axis. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:857-68. [PMID: 33843021 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01098-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common human cancers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in progression of various cancers, including HCC. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the exact role and underlying mechanism of lncRNA HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) in HCC. METHODS Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to determine the levels of HOTAIR, DEAH-box helicase 33 (DHX33) and miR-526b-3p. Western blot assay was used to detect the protein level of DHX33. Besides, cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Cell migration and invasion were detected by transwell assay. The interaction between miR-526b-3p and HOTAIR or DHX33 was predicted by starbase and confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Murine xenograft model was established through injecting Huh7 cells transfected with sh-NC or sh-HOTAIR. RESULTS The levels of HOTAIR and DHX33 were increased in HCC tissues and cells. Knockdown of either HOTAIR or DHX33 suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion but increased apoptosis in HCC cells. Moreover, DHX33 overexpression reversed the suppressive effect of HOTAIR knockdown on progression of HCC cells. Interestingly, miR-526b-3p could directly bind to HOTAIR, and DHX33 was a direct target of miR-526b-3p. Additionally, interference of HOTAIR restrained the tumor growth by upregulating miR-526b-3p and downregulating DHX33 in vivo. CONCLUSIONS HOTAIR knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis via regulating miR-526b-3p/DHX33 axis in HCC cells, providing a potential avenue for treatment of HCC.
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Yamada H, Takahashi M, Watanuki M, Watanabe M, Hiraide S, Saijo K, Komine K, Ishioka C. lncRNA HAR1B has potential to be a predictive marker for pazopanib therapy in patients with sarcoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:455. [PMID: 33907565 PMCID: PMC8063340 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone and soft-tissue sarcomas are rare and are highly heterogeneous mesenchymal malignancies. It is therefore challenging to acquire the clinical data of patients with specific histological subtypes of sarcoma using large clinical trials, and there is a need to further establish the diagnosis and treatment of sarcomas. The results of the current study revealed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) highly accelerated region 1B (HAR1B) may serve as a predictive biomarker for pazopanib treatment in bone and soft-tissue sarcomas. Using multiplex reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and microarray analyses, the results demonstrated that HAR1B and HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) were differentially expressed in pazopanib-sensitive cells and responders. It was further revealed that small interfering RNA-knockdown of HAR1B led to an increased resistance to pazopanib in sarcoma cell lines. Gene expression profiles associated with pazopanib sensitivity included cellular molecular pathways, such as genes involved in von-Willebrand factor-related signaling. The current study demonstrated that lncRNA HAR1B expression in sarcoma cell lines affected cellular sensitivity to pazopanib in patients with sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideharu Yamada
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masanobu Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Munenori Watanuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mika Watanabe
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Sakura Hiraide
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ken Saijo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Keigo Komine
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Chikashi Ishioka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
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Wu T, Lei MS, Gao XZ, Xiong TG, Yang K, Gong Q, Tang R, Tian YP, Fu XH. lncRNA SNHG16 Mediates Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in Cholangiocarcinoma by Directly Targeting miR-146a-5p/GATA6 Axis. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1311-1325. [PMID: 33797690 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumour with high recurrence and mortality rates and poor prognosis. However, the pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the roles and regulatory mechanism of SNHG16 in the occurrence and development of CCA. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was used to predict the expressions of SNHG16 and GATA6 in CCA samples from TCGA database. The levels of SNHG16, miR-146a-5p and GATA6 were evaluated using qRT-PCR. CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays were conducted to evaluate cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Western blotting was applied to analyse the protein levels of GATA6 and apoptosis-related proteins. SNHG16 was significantly elevated in CCA tissues from TCGA database and CCA cell lines. Moreover, downregulation of SNHG16 restricted cell proliferation and increased apoptotic rate of RBE and HuCCT1 cells. miR-146a-5p, a downstream target of SNHG16, was shown to be an intermediate mediator of GATA6 expression regulated by SNHG16. In addition, either the miR-146a-5p inhibitor or overexpression of GATA6 obviously impaired the regulatory effects of SNHG16 downregulation in RBE and HuCCT1 cells. These data demonstrated that SNHG16 promoted cell proliferation and repressed apoptosis by regulating the miR-146a-5p/GATA6 axis, which provides some helpful insights for the diagnosis and treatment of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhangjiajie People's Hospital, No.192 Guyong Road, Yongding District, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming-Sheng Lei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhangjiajie People's Hospital, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Zhao Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhangjiajie People's Hospital, No.192 Guyong Road, Yongding District, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Gang Xiong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhangjiajie People's Hospital, No.192 Guyong Road, Yongding District, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhangjiajie People's Hospital, No.192 Guyong Road, Yongding District, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhangjiajie People's Hospital, No.192 Guyong Road, Yongding District, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhangjiajie People's Hospital, No.192 Guyong Road, Yongding District, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Peng Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhangjiajie People's Hospital, No.192 Guyong Road, Yongding District, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hua Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhangjiajie People's Hospital, No.192 Guyong Road, Yongding District, Zhangjiajie, 427000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
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Dvorská D, Braný D, Ňachajová M, Halašová E, Danková Z. Breast Cancer and the Other Non-Coding RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3280. [PMID: 33807045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is very heterogenous and the most common gynaecological cancer, with various factors affecting its development. While its impact on human lives and national health budgets is still rising in almost all global areas, many molecular mechanisms affecting its onset and development remain unclear. Conventional treatments still prove inadequate in some aspects, and appropriate molecular therapeutic targets are required for improved outcomes. Recent scientific interest has therefore focused on the non-coding RNAs roles in tumour development and their potential as therapeutic targets. These RNAs comprise the majority of the human transcript and their broad action mechanisms range from gene silencing to chromatin remodelling. Many non-coding RNAs also have altered expression in breast cancer cell lines and tissues, and this is often connected with increased proliferation, a degraded extracellular environment, and higher endothelial to mesenchymal transition. Herein, we summarise the known abnormalities in the function and expression of long non-coding RNAs, Piwi interacting RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs and small nuclear RNAs in breast cancer, and how these abnormalities affect the development of this deadly disease. Finally, the use of RNA interference to suppress breast cancer growth is summarised.
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38
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Advani D, Sharma S, Kumari S, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Precision Oncology, Signaling and Anticancer Agents in Cancer Therapeutics. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:433-468. [PMID: 33687887 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210308101029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global alliance for genomics and healthcare facilities provides innovational solutions to expedite research and clinical practices for complex and incurable health conditions. Precision oncology is an emerging field explicitly tailored to facilitate cancer diagnosis, prevention and treatment based on patients' genetic profile. Advancements in "omics" techniques, next-generation sequencing, artificial intelligence and clinical trial designs provide a platform for assessing the efficacy and safety of combination therapies and diagnostic procedures. METHOD Data were collected from Pubmed and Google scholar using keywords: "Precision medicine", "precision medicine and cancer", "anticancer agents in precision medicine" and reviewed comprehensively. RESULTS Personalized therapeutics including immunotherapy, cancer vaccines, serve as a groundbreaking solution for cancer treatment. Herein, we take a measurable view of precision therapies and novel diagnostic approaches targeting cancer treatment. The contemporary applications of precision medicine have also been described along with various hurdles identified in the successful establishment of precision therapeutics. CONCLUSION This review highlights the key breakthroughs related to immunotherapies, targeted anticancer agents, and target interventions related to cancer signaling mechanisms. The success story of this field in context to drug resistance, safety, patient survival and in improving quality of life is yet to be elucidated. We conclude that, in the near future, the field of individualized treatments may truly revolutionize the nature of cancer patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dia Advani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042. India
| | - Sudhanshu Sharma
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042. India
| | - Smita Kumari
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042. India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042. India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042. India
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Gilreath C, Boerma M, Qin Z, Hudson MK, Wang S. The Hypoxic Microenvironment of Breast Cancer Cells Promotes Resistance in Radiation Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 10:629422. [PMID: 33680952 PMCID: PMC7930560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.629422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The American Cancer Society has estimated an expected 279,100 new breast cancer cases, and an expected 42,690 breast cancer deaths in the U.S. for the year 2020. This includes an estimated 276,480 women who are expected to be diagnosed. Radiation therapy, also called ionizing radiation therapy, is one of the most frequently used methods in the treatment of breast cancer. While radiation therapy is used in the treatment of more than 50% of all cancer cases, tumor resistance to ionizing radiation presents a major challenge for effective cancer treatment. Most tumor cells are in a hypoxic microenvironment that promotes resistance to radiation therapy. In addition to radiation resistance, the hypoxic microenvironment also promotes cancer proliferation and metastasis. In this review, we will discuss the hypoxic microenvironment of breast cancer tumors, related signaling pathways, breast cancer stem-like cells, and the resistance to radiation therapy. Recent developments in our understanding of tumor hypoxia and hypoxic pathways may assist us in developing new strategies to increase cancer control in radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordell Gilreath
- Chemistry Department, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Marjan Boerma
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - M Keith Hudson
- Chemistry Department, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Shanzhi Wang
- Chemistry Department, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, United States
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El-Fattah AAA, Sadik NAH, Shaker OG, Mohamed Kamal A, Shahin NN. Serum Long Non-Coding RNAs PVT1, HOTAIR, and NEAT1 as Potential Biomarkers in Egyptian Women with Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020301. [PMID: 33670447 PMCID: PMC7922136 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs play an important role in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in several types of cancer. However, the clinical significance of using lncRNAs as biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis is still poorly investigated. In this study, we analyzed the serum expression levels of lncRNAs PVT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, and MALAT1, and their associated proteins, PAI-1, and OPN, in breast cancer patients compared to fibroadenoma patients and healthy subjects. Using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), we compared the serum expression levels of the four circulating lncRNAs in patients with breast cancer (n = 50), fibroadenoma (n = 25), and healthy controls (n = 25). The serum levels of PAI-1 and OPN were measured using ELISA. Receiveroperating-characteristic (ROC) analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of the selected parameters. The serum levels of HOTAIR, PAI-1, and OPN were significantly higher in breast cancer patients compared to controls and fibroadenoma patients. The serum level of PVT1 was significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in the controls, while that of NEAT1 was significantly lower in breast cancer patients compared to controls and fibroadenoma patients. Both ROC and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that PAI-1 has the greatest power in discriminating breast cancer from the control, whereas HOTAIR, PAI-1, and OPN have the greatest power in discriminating breast cancer from fibroadenoma patients. In conclusion, our data suggest that the serum levels of PVT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, PAI-1, and OPN could serve as promising diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ahmed Abd El-Fattah
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Einy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.A.E.-F.); (N.A.H.S.); (N.N.S.)
| | - Nermin Abdel Hamid Sadik
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Einy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.A.E.-F.); (N.A.H.S.); (N.N.S.)
| | - Olfat Gamil Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
| | - Amal Mohamed Kamal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Einy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.A.E.-F.); (N.A.H.S.); (N.N.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-1122401284; Fax: +20-2-3635140
| | - Nancy Nabil Shahin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Einy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.A.E.-F.); (N.A.H.S.); (N.N.S.)
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Liu B, Zhou X, Wu D, Zhang X, Shen X, Mi K, Qu Z, Jiang Y, Shang D. Comprehensive characterization of a drug-resistance-related ceRNA network across 15 anti-cancer drug categories. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2021; 24:11-24. [PMID: 33738135 PMCID: PMC7933708 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is still a major health problem around the world. The treatment failure of cancer has largely been attributed to drug resistance. Competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) are involved in various biological processes and thus influence the drug sensitivity of cancers. However, a comprehensive characterization of drug-sensitivity-related ceRNAs has not yet been performed. In the present study, we constructed 15 ceRNA networks across 15 anti-cancer drug categories, involving 217 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), 158 microRNAs (miRNAs), and 1,389 protein coding genes (PCGs). We found that these ceRNAs were involved in hallmark processes such as “self-sufficiency in growth signals,” “insensitivity to antigrowth signals,” and so on. We then identified an intersection ceRNA network (ICN) across the 15 anti-cancer drug categories. We further identified interactions between genes in the ICN and clinically actionable genes (CAGs) by analyzing the co-expressions, protein-protein interactions, and transcription factor-target gene interactions. We found that certain genes in the ICN are correlated with CAGs. Finally, we found that genes in the ICN were aberrantly expressed in tumors, and some were associated with patient survival time and cancer stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, P.R. China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorui Zhou
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, P.R. China
| | - Dongyuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, 962 Hospital of PLA, Harbin 150080, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyun Shen
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, P.R. China
| | - Kai Mi
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, P.R. China
| | - Zhangyi Qu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, P.R. China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150086, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, P.R. China
| | - Desi Shang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, P.R. China
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42
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Li C, Chen X, Liu T, Chen G. lncRNA HOTAIRM1 regulates cell proliferation and the metastasis of thyroid cancer by targeting Wnt10b. Oncol Rep 2020; 45:1083-1093. [PMID: 33650656 PMCID: PMC7859977 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs play a role in a variety of malignancies, such as thyroid cancer (TC). However, the effects and function of lincRNA HOTAIRM1 (LINC HOTAIRM1) in TC remains obscure. In the present study, the expression of HOTAIRM1 was evaluated in TC tissues and cells by RT-qPCR and the association between the lncRNA and disease progression was assessed. In vitro, the biological function of HOTAIRM1 was assessed in TC. Moreover, changes in the expression of Wnt10b were measured by western blot analysis. In addition, MTT assay, bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assays were performed to determine the target binding effect between LINC HOTAIRM1 and miR-148a, as well as that between Wnt10b and miR-148a. The changes in the metastatic ability of TPC-1 and BCPAP cells were evaluated by Transwell assay. The pronounced upregulated expression of HOTAIRM1 was evident in TC cells and tissues, and was associated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. When HOTAIRM1 was knocked down, this inhibited the proliferative and invasive abilities of TPC-1 and BCPAP cells in vitro. The knockdown of this lncRNA also increased the expression of microRNA-148a (miR-148a) and decreased Wnt10b expression in these cells, whereas transfection with miR-148a inhibitor was sufficient to overcome this Wnt10b downregulation. In line with these results, the overexpression of miR-148a markedly suppressed Wnt10b expression, whereas miR-148a inhibition resulted in the opposite effects. The overexpression of Wnt10b was also sufficient to overcome the effects of miR-148a mimics on TPC-1 and BCPAP cells. Taken together, these results suggest that miR-148a and Wnt10b are downstream effectors of the HOTAIRM1 signaling pathway in TC. This HOTAIRM1/miR-148a/Wnt10 axis may thus be amenable to therapeutic targeting in order to improve disease outcomes in patients with TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyao Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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43
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Liu Q, Ran R, Wu Z, Li X, Zeng Q, Xia R, Wang Y. Long Non-coding RNA X-Inactive Specific Transcript Mediates Cell Proliferation and Intrusion by Modulating the miR-497/Bcl-w Axis in Extranodal Natural Killer/T-cell Lymphoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:599070. [PMID: 33364236 PMCID: PMC7753184 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.599070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was directed toward laying new findings for Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKL)-oriented therapy with a focus on long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)–microRNAs (miRNAs)–mRNA interaction. The expression and function of XIST (X-inactive specific transcript) were analyzed both in vivo and in vitro. The online database of lncRNA-miRNA interaction was used to screen the target of XIST, and miR-497 was selected. Next, the predicted binding between XIST and miR-497, and the dynamic effect of XIST and miR-497 on downstream Bcl-w was evaluated. We found that XIST dramatically increased in the blood of ENKL patients and cell lines. XIST knockdown suppressed the cell proliferation and migration in vivo and in vitro. Herein, we confirmed the negative interaction between XIST and miR-497. Moreover, XIST knockdown reduced the protein levels of Bcl-w, a downstream target of miR-497. XIST sponges miR-497 to promote Bcl-w expression, and finally modulating ENKL cell proliferation and migration. To be interested, inhibition of Bcl-w by ABT737 can overcome the high expression of XIST, and suppressed the ENKL proliferation and migration by inducing apoptosis. This study provided a novel experimental basis for ENKL-oriented therapy with a focus on the lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinhua Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruonan Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengsheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qingshu Zeng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruixiang Xia
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yalei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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44
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Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are important contributors to the regulation of genes within the chromatin. The polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a multi‑subunit protein complex that is involved in silencing gene expression through the trimethylation of lysine 27 at histone 3 (H3K27me3). The dysregulation of this modification has been associated with tumorigenicity through the increased repression of tumour suppressor genes via condensing DNA to reduce access to the transcription start site (TSS) within tumor suppressor gene promoters. In the present review, the core proteins of PRC2, as well as key accessory proteins, will be described. In addition, mechanisms controlling the recruitment of the PRC2 complex to H3K27 will be outlined. Finally, literature identifying the role of PRC2 in breast cancer proliferation, apoptosis and migration, including the potential roles of long non‑coding RNAs and the miR‑200 family will be summarized as will the potential use of the PRC2 complex as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J. Martin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Roger A. Moorehead
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
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45
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Fang J, Pian C, Xu M, Kong L, Li Z, Ji J, Zhang L, Chen Y. Revealing Prognosis-Related Pathways at the Individual Level by a Comprehensive Analysis of Different Cancer Transcription Data. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111281. [PMID: 33138076 PMCID: PMC7692404 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying perturbed pathways at an individual level is important to discover the causes of cancer and develop individualized custom therapeutic strategies. Though prognostic gene lists have had success in prognosis prediction, using single genes that are related to the relevant system or specific network cannot fully reveal the process of tumorigenesis. We hypothesize that in individual samples, the disruption of transcription homeostasis can influence the occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors and has implications for patient survival outcomes. Here, we introduced the individual-level pathway score, which can measure the correlation perturbation of the pathways in a single sample well. We applied this method to the expression data of 16 different cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Our results indicate that different cancer types as well as their tumor-adjacent tissues can be clearly distinguished by the individual-level pathway score. Additionally, we found that there was strong heterogeneity among different cancer types and the percentage of perturbed pathways as well as the perturbation proportions of tumor samples in each pathway were significantly different. Finally, the prognosis-related pathways of different cancer types were obtained by survival analysis. We demonstrated that the individual-level pathway score (iPS) is capable of classifying cancer types and identifying some key prognosis-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Fang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.F.); (M.X.); (L.K.); (Z.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Cong Pian
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Mingmin Xu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.F.); (M.X.); (L.K.); (Z.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Lingpeng Kong
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.F.); (M.X.); (L.K.); (Z.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Zutan Li
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.F.); (M.X.); (L.K.); (Z.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Jinwen Ji
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.F.); (M.X.); (L.K.); (Z.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Liangyun Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.F.); (M.X.); (L.K.); (Z.L.); (J.J.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (Y.C.)
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46
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Angelopoulou E, Paudel YN, Piperi C. Critical role of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) in gliomas. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1525-46. [PMID: 32978667 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research, gliomas are associated with high morbidity and mortality, mainly attributed to the rapid growth rate, excessive invasiveness, and molecular heterogeneity, as well as regenerative potential of cancer stem cells. Therefore, elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms and the identification of potential molecular diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are of paramount importance. HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a well-studied long noncoding RNA, playing an emerging role in tumorigenesis of several human cancers. A growing amount of preclinical and clinical evidence highlights the pro-oncogenic role of HOTAIR in gliomas, mainly attributed to the enhancement of proliferation and migration, as well as inhibition of apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that HOTAIR modulates the activity of specific transcription factors, such as MXI1, E2F1, ATF5, and ASCL1, and regulates the expression of cell cycle-associated genes along with related signaling pathways, like the Wnt/β-catenin axis. Moreover, it can interact with specific miRNAs, including miR-326, miR-141, miR-148b-3p, miR-15b, and miR-126-5p. Of importance, HOTAIR has been demonstrated to enhance angiogenesis and affect the permeability of the blood-tumor barrier, thus modulating the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. Herein, we provide evidence on the functional role of HOTAIR in gliomas and discuss the benefits of its targeting as a novel approach toward glioma treatment.
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47
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Takei Y, Hara T, Suzuki A, Mihara K, Yanagihara K. Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Is a Suitable Target to Inhibit Peritoneal Dissemination in Human Scirrhous Gastric Cancers. Pathobiology 2020; 87:277-290. [PMID: 32937635 DOI: 10.1159/000508350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Scirrhous gastric cancer, which accounts for approximately 10% of all gastric cancers, often disseminates to the peritoneum, leading to intractable cases with poor prognosis. There is an urgent need for new treatment approaches for this difficult cancer. METHODS We previously established an original cell line, HSC-60, from a scirrhous gastric cancer patient and isolated a peritoneal-metastatic cell line, 60As6, in nude mice following orthotopic inoculations. In the present study, we focused on the expression of long noncoding ribonucleic acid (RNA) (lncRNA) in the cell lines and investigated the mechanism on peritoneal dissemination. RESULTS We demonstrated that an lncRNA, HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), is expressed significantly more highly in 60As6 than HSC-60 cells. Then, using both HOTAIR knockdown and overexpression experiments, we showed that high-level expression of HOTAIR promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in 60As6 cells. By luciferase assay, we found that HOTAIR directly targets and binds to miR-217, and that miR-217 directly binds to Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1). The knockdown of HOTAIR in 60As6 cells significantly reduced the invasion activity and peritoneal dissemination - and significantly prolonged the survival - in the orthotopic tumor mouse model. CONCLUSION An EMT-associated pathway (the HOTAIR-miR-217-ZEB1 axis) appears to inhibit peritoneal dissemination and could lead to a novel therapeutic strategy against scirrhous gastric cancer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Takei
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan,
| | - Toshifumi Hara
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Suzuki
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keichiro Mihara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Translational Research, Exploratory Oncology and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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48
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Lu J. The roles of long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:749. [PMID: 32929060 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most significant threat to female health. Breast cancer metastasis is the major cause of mortality in breast cancer patients. To fully unravel the molecular mechanisms that underlie the breast cancer cell metastasis is critical for developing strategies to improve survival and prognosis in breast cancer patients. Recent studies have revealed that the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in breast cancer metastasis through a variety of molecule mechanisms, though the precise functional details of these lncRNAs are yet to be clarified. In the present review, we focus on the functions of lncRNAs in breast cancer invasion and metastasis, with particular emphasis on the functional properties, the regulatory factors, the therapeutic promise, as well as the future challenges in studying these lncRNA.
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49
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Toraih EA, El-Wazir A, Ageeli EA, Hussein MH, Eltoukhy MM, Killackey MT, Kandil E, Fawzy MS. Unleash multifunctional role of long noncoding RNAs biomarker panel in breast cancer: a predictor classification model. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1215-1237. [PMID: 32812439 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to explore the circulating expression profile of nine lncRNAs (MALAT1, HOTAIR, PVT1, H19, ROR, GAS5, ANRIL, BANCR, MIAT) in breast cancer (BC) patients relative to normal and risky individuals. Methods: Serum relative expressions of the specified long non-coding RNAs were quantified in 155 consecutive women, using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Random Forest (RF) and decision tree were also applied. Results: Significant MALAT1 upregulation and GAS5 downregulation could discriminate risky women from healthy controls. Overexpression of the other genes showed good diagnostic performances. Lower GAS5 levels were associated with metastasis and recurrence. RF model revealed a better performance when combining gene expression patterns with risk factors. Conclusion: The studied panel could be utilized as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers in BC, providing promising epigenetic-based therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Toraih
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.,Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Aya El-Wazir
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Essam Al Ageeli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Medical Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 82911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad H Hussein
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mohamed M Eltoukhy
- College of Computing and Information Technology, Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mary T Killackey
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Emad Kandil
- Department of Surgery, Division of Endocrine & Oncologic Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 1321, Saudi Arabia
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50
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Javed Z, Khan K, Iqbal MZ, Ahmad T, Raza Q, Sadia H, Raza S, Salehi B, Sharifi-Rad J, Cho WC. Long non-coding RNA regulation of TRAIL in breast cancer: A tangle of non-coding threads. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:37. [PMID: 32802161 PMCID: PMC7412712 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex disease posing a serious threat to the female population worldwide. A complex molecular landscape and tumor heterogeneity render breast cancer cells resistant to drugs and able to promote metastasis and invasiveness. Despite the recent advancements in diagnostics and drug discovery, finding an effective cure for breast cancer is still a major challenge. Positive and negative regulation of apoptosis has been a subject of extensive study over the years. Numerous studies have shed light on the mechanisms that impede the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) signaling cascade. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the orchestration, development, proliferation, differentiation and metastasis of breast cancer. However, the roles of lncRNAs in fine-tuning apoptosis regulating machinery in breast cancer remain to be elucidated. The present review illuminates the roles of these molecules in the regulation of breast cancer and the interplay between lncRNA and TRAIL in breast cancer. The present review also attempts to reveal their role in the regulation of apoptosis in breast cancer appears a promising approach for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab 54792, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Punjab 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaheer Iqbal
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab 53700, Pakistan
| | - Touqeer Ahmad
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Raza
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Balochistan 87100, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab 54792, Pakistan
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
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