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Dong E, Huo Q, Zhang J, Han H, Cai T, Liu D. Advancements in nanoscale delivery systems: optimizing intermolecular interactions for superior drug encapsulation and precision release. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01579-w. [PMID: 38573495 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01579-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Nanoscale preparations, such as nanoparticles, micelles, and liposomes, are increasingly recognized in pharmaceutical technology for their high capability in tailoring the pharmacokinetics of the encapsulated drug within the body. These preparations have great potential in extending drug half-life, reducing dosing frequency, mitigating drug side effects, and enhancing drug efficacy. Consequently, nanoscale preparations offer promising prospects for the treatment of metabolic disorders, malignant tumors, and various chronic diseases. Nevertheless, the complete clinical potential of nanoscale preparations remains untapped due to the challenges associated with low drug loading degrees and insufficient control over drug release. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the vital role of intermolecular interactions in enhancing encapsulation and controlling drug release within nanoscale delivery systems. Our analysis critically evaluates the characteristics of common intermolecular interactions and elucidates the techniques employed to assess them. Moreover, we highlight the significant potential of intermolecular interactions in clinical translation, particularly in the screening and optimization of preparation prescriptions. By attaining a deeper understanding of intermolecular interaction properties and mechanisms, we can adopt a more rational approach to designing drug carriers, leading to substantial advancements in the application and clinical transformation of nanoscale preparations. Moving forward, continued research in this field offers exciting prospects for unlocking the full clinical potential of nanoscale preparations and revolutionizing the field of drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enpeng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qingqing Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hanghang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ting Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Dongfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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2
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Kehrein J, Gürsöz E, Davies M, Luxenhofer R, Bunker A. Unravel the Tangle: Atomistic Insight into Ultrahigh Curcumin-Loaded Polymer Micelles. Small 2023; 19:e2303066. [PMID: 37403298 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic ABA-triblock copolymers, comprised of poly(2-oxazoline) and poly(2-oxazine), can solubilize poorly water-soluble molecules in a structure-dependent manner forming micelles with exceptionally high drug loading. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations are conducted on previously experimentally characterized, curcumin-loaded micelles to dissect the structure-property relationships. Polymer-drug interactions for different levels of drug loading and variation in polymer structures of both the inner hydrophobic core and outer hydrophilic shell are investigated. In silico, the system with the highest experimental loading capacity shows the highest number of drug molecules encapsulated by the core. Furthermore, in systems with lower loading capacity outer A blocks show a greater extent of entanglement with the inner B blocks. Hydrogen bond analyses corroborate previous hypotheses: poly(2-butyl-2-oxazoline) B blocks, found experimentally to have reduced loading capacity for curcumin compared to poly(2-propyl-2-oxazine), establish fewer but longer-lasting hydrogen bonds. This possibly results from different sidechain conformations around the hydrophobic cargo, which is investigated by unsupervised machine learning to cluster monomers in smaller model systems mimicking different micelle compartments. Exchanging poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) with poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) leads to increased drug interactions and reduced corona hydration; this suggests an impairment of micelle solubility or colloidal stability. These observations can help driving forward a more rational a priori nanoformulation design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Kehrein
- Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Ekinsu Gürsöz
- Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Matthew Davies
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Alex Bunker
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
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3
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Yamaleyeva DN, Makita N, Hwang D, Haney MJ, Jordan R, Kabanov AV. Poly(2-oxazoline)-Based Polyplexes as a PEG-Free Plasmid DNA Delivery Platform. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300177. [PMID: 37466165 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study expands the versatility of cationic poly(2-oxazoline) (POx) copolymers as a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-free platform for gene delivery to immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages. Several block copolymers are developed by varying nonionic hydrophilic blocks (poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (pMeOx) or poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (pEtOx), cationic blocks, and an optional hydrophobic block (poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (iPrOx). The cationic blocks are produced by side chain modification of 2-methoxy-carboxyethyl-2-oxazoline (MestOx) block precursor with diethylenetriamine (DET) or tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN). For the attachment of a targeting ligand, mannose, azide-alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry methods are employed. Of the two cationic side chains, polyplexes made with DET-containing copolymers transfect macrophages significantly better than those made with TREN-based copolymer. Likewise, nontargeted pEtOx-based diblock copolymer is more active in cell transfection than pMeOx-based copolymer. The triblock copolymer with hydrophobic block iPrOx performs poorly compared to the diblock copolymer which lacks this additional block. Surprisingly, attachment of a mannose ligand to either copolymer is inhibitory for transfection. Despite similarities in size and design, mannosylated polyplexes result in lower cell internalization compared to nonmannosylated polyplexes. Thus, PEG-free, nontargeted DET-, and pEtOx-based diblock copolymer outperforms other studied structures in the transfection of macrophages and displays transfection levels comparable to GeneJuice, a commercial nonlipid transfection reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina N Yamaleyeva
- Joint UNC-CH and NC State Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
| | - Naoki Makita
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
- Formulation Research & Development Laboratories, Technology Research & Development, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Suita, Osaka, 564-0053, Japan
| | - Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Matthew J Haney
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
| | - Rainer Jordan
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Joint UNC-CH and NC State Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
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4
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Haider MS, Mahato AK, Kotliarova A, Forster S, Böttcher B, Stahlhut P, Sidorova Y, Luxenhofer R. Biological Activity In Vitro, Absorption, BBB Penetration, and Tolerability of Nanoformulation of BT44:RET Agonist with Disease-Modifying Potential for the Treatment of Neurodegeneration. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4348-4365. [PMID: 36219820 PMCID: PMC10565809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BT44 is a novel, second-generation glial cell line-derived neurotropic factor mimetic with improved biological activity and is a lead compound for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Like many other small molecules, it suffers from intrinsic poor aqueous solubility, posing significant hurdles at various levels for its preclinical development and clinical translation. Herein, we report a poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx)-based BT44 micellar nanoformulation with an ultrahigh drug-loading capacity of 47 wt %. The BT44 nanoformulation was comprehensively characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and cryo-transmission/scanning electron microscopy (cryo-TEM/SEM). The DSC, XRD, and redispersion studies collectively confirmed that the BT44 formulation can be stored as a lyophilized powder and can be redispersed upon need. The DLS suggested that the redispersed formulation is suitable for parenteral administration (Dh ≈ 70 nm). The cryo-TEM measurements showed the presence of wormlike structures in both the plain polymer and the BT44 formulation. The BT44 formulation retained biological activity in immortalized cells and in cultured dopamine neurons. The micellar nanoformulation of BT44 exhibited improved absorption (after subcutaneous injection) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, and no acute toxic effects in mice were observed. In conclusion, herein, we have developed an ultrahigh BT44-loaded aqueous injectable nanoformulation, which can be used to pave the way for its preclinical and clinical development for the management of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Salman Haider
- Functional
Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute
for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry
and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University
Würzburg, Röntgenring
11, 97070Würzburg, Germany
- University
Hospital of Würzburg, Department of Ophthalmology, Josef-Schneider-Street 11, D-97080Würzburg, Germany
| | - Arun Kumar Mahato
- Laboratory
of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anastasiia Kotliarova
- Laboratory
of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefan Forster
- Functional
Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute
for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry
and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University
Würzburg, Röntgenring
11, 97070Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Böttcher
- Biocenter
and Rudolf Virchow Centre, Julius-Maximilians-University
Würzburg, Haus
D15, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97080Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Stahlhut
- Department
of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional
Materials and Biofabrication and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yulia Sidorova
- Laboratory
of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Functional
Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute
for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry
and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University
Würzburg, Röntgenring
11, 97070Würzburg, Germany
- Soft
Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Helsinki Institute
of Sustainability Science, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, PB 55-00014Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Matos AI, Peres C, Carreira B, Moura LIF, Acúrcio RC, Vogel T, Wegener E, Ribeiro F, Afonso MB, Santos FMF, Martínez‐Barriocanal Á, Arango D, Viana AS, Góis PMP, Silva LC, Rodrigues CMP, Graca L, Jordan R, Satchi‐Fainaro R, Florindo HF. Polyoxazoline-Based Nanovaccine Synergizes with Tumor-Associated Macrophage Targeting and Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy against Solid Tumors. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2300299. [PMID: 37434063 PMCID: PMC10477894 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade reaches remarkable clinical responses. However, even in the most favorable cases, half of these patients do not benefit from these therapies in the long term. It is hypothesized that the activation of host immunity by co-delivering peptide antigens, adjuvants, and regulators of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β expression using a polyoxazoline (POx)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanovaccine, while modulating the tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) function within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and blocking the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) can constitute an alternative approach for cancer immunotherapy. POx-Mannose (Man) nanovaccines generate antigen-specific T-cell responses that control tumor growth to a higher extent than poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-Man nanovaccines. This anti-tumor effect induced by the POx-Man nanovaccines is mediated by a CD8+ -T cell-dependent mechanism, in contrast to the PEG-Man nanovaccines. POx-Man nanovaccine combines with pexidartinib, a modulator of the TAM function, restricts the MC38 tumor growth, and synergizes with PD-1 blockade, controlling MC38 and CT26 tumor growth and survival. This data is further validated in the highly aggressive and poorly immunogenic B16F10 melanoma mouse model. Therefore, the synergistic anti-tumor effect induced by the combination of nanovaccines with the inhibition of both TAM- and PD-1-inducing immunosuppression, holds great potential for improving immunotherapy outcomes in solid cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Matos
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Lisbon Academic Medical CenterUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐028Portugal
| | - Carina Peres
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Lisbon Academic Medical CenterUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐028Portugal
| | - Barbara Carreira
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Liane I. F. Moura
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Rita C. Acúrcio
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Theresa Vogel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of ScienceTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Erik Wegener
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of ScienceTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Filipa Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Lisbon Academic Medical CenterUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐028Portugal
| | - Marta B. Afonso
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Fábio M. F. Santos
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Águeda Martínez‐Barriocanal
- Group of Biomedical Research in Digestive Tract TumorsCIBBIM‐NanomedicineVall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)Barcelona08035Spain
- Group of Molecular OncologyLleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida)Lleida25198Spain
| | - Diego Arango
- Group of Biomedical Research in Digestive Tract TumorsCIBBIM‐NanomedicineVall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)Barcelona08035Spain
- Group of Molecular OncologyLleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida)Lleida25198Spain
| | - Ana S. Viana
- Centro de Química EstruturalDepartamento de Química e BioquímicaInstitute of Molecular SciencesFaculty of SciencesUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1749‐016Portugal
| | - Pedro M. P. Góis
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Liana C. Silva
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Cecília M. P. Rodrigues
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Luis Graca
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Lisbon Academic Medical CenterUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐028Portugal
| | - Rainer Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of ScienceTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Ronit Satchi‐Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineSagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
| | - Helena F. Florindo
- Grouf of BioNanoSciences ‐ Drug Delivery and Immunoengineering, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health TechnologiesFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
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Endres S, Ehrmanntraut S, Endres L, Can K, Kraft C, Rasmussen T, Luxenhofer R, Böttcher B, Engels B, Pöppler AC. Structural Investigation on How Guest Loading of Poly(2-oxazoline)-Based Micelles Affects the Interaction with Simulated Intestinal Fluids. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4821-4830. [PMID: 37441793 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Drug loading of polymer micelles can have a profound effect on their particle size and morphology as well as their physicochemical properties. In turn, this influences performance in biological environments. For oral delivery of drugs, the intestinal environment is key, and consequently, a thorough structural understanding of what happens at this material-biology interface is required to understand in vivo performance and tailor improved delivery vehicles. In this study, we address this interface in vitro through a detailed structural characterization of the colloidal assemblies of polymeric micelles based on poly(2-oxazolines) with three different guest loadings with the natural product curcumin (17-52 wt %) in fed-state simulated intestinal fluids (FeSSIF). For this, we employ NMR spectroscopy, in particular, 1H NMR, 1H-1H-NOESY, and 1H DOSY experiments complemented by quantum chemical calculations and cryo-TEM measurements. Through this mixture of methods, we identified curcumin-taurocholate interactions as central interaction patterns alongside interactions with the polymer and lipids. Furthermore, curcumin molecules can be exchanged between polymer micelles and bile colloids, an important prerequisite for their uptake. Finally, increased loading of the polymer micelles with curcumin resulted in a larger number of vesicles as taurocholate─through coordination with Cur─is less available to form nanoparticles with the lipids. The loading-dependent behavior found in this study deviates from previous work on a different drug substance highlighting the need for further studies including different drug molecules and polymer types to improve the understanding of events on the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Endres
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silvia Ehrmanntraut
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Endres
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Koray Can
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Kraft
- Rudolf Virchow Center, Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tim Rasmussen
- Rudolf Virchow Center, Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, PB55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bettina Böttcher
- Rudolf Virchow Center, Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin Pöppler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Lim C, Hwang D, Yazdimamaghani M, Atkins HM, Hyun H, Shin Y, Ramsey JD, Rädler PD, Mott KR, Perou CM, Sokolsky-Papkov M, Kabanov AV. High-Dose Paclitaxel and its Combination with CSF1R Inhibitor in Polymeric Micelles for Chemoimmunotherapy of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Nano Today 2023; 51:101884. [PMID: 37484164 PMCID: PMC10357922 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2023.101884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The presence of immunosuppressive immune cells in tumors is a significant barrier to the generation of therapeutic immune responses. Similarly, in vivo triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models often contain prevalent, immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in breast cancer initiation, invasion, and metastasis. Here, we test systemic chemoimmunotherapy using small-molecule agents, paclitaxel (PTX), and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor, PLX3397, to enhance the adaptive T cell immunity against TNBCs in immunocompetent mouse TNBC models. We use high-capacity poly(2-oxazoline) (POx)-based polymeric micelles to greatly improve the solubility of insoluble PTX and PLX3397 and widen the therapeutic index of such drugs. The results demonstrate that high-dose PTX in POx, even as a single agent, exerts strong effects on TME and induces long-term immune memory. In addition, we demonstrate that the PTX and PLX3397 combination provides consistent therapeutic improvement across several TNBC models, resulting from the repolarization of the immunosuppressive TME and enhanced T cell immune response that suppress both the primary tumor growth and metastasis. Overall, the work emphasizes the benefit of drug reformulation and outlines potential translational path for both PTX and PTX with PLX3397 combination therapy using POx polymeric micelles for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaemin Lim
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mostafa Yazdimamaghani
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hannah Marie Atkins
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Hyesun Hyun
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yuseon Shin
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Jacob D Ramsey
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Patrick D Rädler
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kevin R Mott
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Charles M Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Vinod N, Hwang D, Fussell SC, Owens TC, Tofade OC, Copling S, Ramsey JD, Rädler PD, Atkins HM, Livingston EE, Ezzell JA, Sokolsky-Papkov M, Yuan H, Perou CM, Kabanov AV. Combination of Polymeric Micelle Formulation of TGFβ Receptor Inhibitors and Paclitaxel Produce Consistent Response Across Different Mouse Models of TNBC. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.14.544381. [PMID: 37398150 PMCID: PMC10312717 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.14.544381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is notoriously difficult to treat due to the lack of targetable receptors and sometimes poor response to chemotherapy. The transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) family of proteins and their receptors (TGFR) are highly expressed in TNBC and implicated in chemotherapy-induced cancer stemness. Here we evaluated combination treatments using experimental TGFR inhibitors (TGFβi), SB525334 (SB), and LY2109761 (LY) with Paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy. These TGFβi target TGFR-I (SB) or both TGFR-I&II (LY). Due to the poor water solubility of these drugs, we incorporated each of them in poly(2-oxazoline) (POx) high-capacity polymeric micelles (SB-POx and LY-POx). We assessed their anti-cancer effect as single agents and in combination with micellar Paclitaxel (PTX-POx) using multiple immunocompetent TNBC mouse models that mimic human subtypes (4T1, T11-Apobec and T11-UV). While either TGFβi or PTX showed a differential effect in each model as single agents, the combinations were consistently effective against all three models. Genetic profiling of the tumors revealed differences in the expression levels of genes associated with TGFβ, EMT, TLR-4, and Bcl2 signaling, alluding to the susceptibility to specific gene signatures to the treatment. Taken together, our study suggests that TGFβi and PTX combination therapy using high-capacity POx micelle delivery provides a robust anti-tumor response in multiple TNBC subtype mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Vinod
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- Joint UNC/NC State Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Sloane Christian Fussell
- Department of Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Tyler Cannon Owens
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Olaoluwa Christopher Tofade
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Sage Copling
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Jacob D. Ramsey
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Patrick D. Rädler
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
| | - Hannah M. Atkins
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Comparative Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Eric E. Livingston
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - J. Ashley Ezzell
- Histology Research Core, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Hong Yuan
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Charles M. Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
| | - Alexander V. Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
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Kim W, Ly NK, He Y, Li Y, Yuan Z, Yeo Y. Protein corona: Friend or foe? Co-opting serum proteins for nanoparticle delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 192:114635. [PMID: 36503885 PMCID: PMC9812987 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
For systemically delivered nanoparticles to reach target tissues, they must first circulate long enough to reach the target and extravasate there. A challenge is that the particles end up engaging with serum proteins and undergo immune cell recognition and premature clearance. The serum protein binding, also known as protein corona formation, is difficult to prevent, even with artificial protection via "stealth" coating. Protein corona may be problematic as it can interfere with the interaction of targeting ligands with tissue-specific receptors and abrogate the so-called active targeting process, hence, the efficiency of drug delivery. However, recent studies show that serum protein binding to circulating nanoparticles may be actively exploited to enhance their downstream delivery. This review summarizes known issues of protein corona and traditional strategies to control the corona, such as avoiding or overriding its formation, as well as emerging efforts to enhance drug delivery to target organs via nanoparticles. It concludes with a discussion of prevailing challenges in exploiting protein corona for nanoparticle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojun Kim
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nhu Ky Ly
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Santé, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Yanying He
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yongzhe Li
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Zhongyue Yuan
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Haslinger C, Zahoranová A, Baudis S. Synthesis of coumarin-containing poly(2-oxazoline)s and light-induced crosslinking for hydrogel formation. Monatsh Chem 2022; 154:459-471. [PMID: 37091355 PMCID: PMC10113345 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-022-03013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHerein, we present a new route to synthesize poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) with coumarin moieties as pendant groups that can be crosslinked by irradiation to form hydrogels. The synthesis of a novel coumarin-containing 2-oxazoline monomer, 2-[(4-methyl-7-coumarinyloxy)methyl]oxazoline is described in four steps and further its subsequent homo- and copolymerization with 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (EtOx) via cationic ring-opening polymerization (CROP). The received polymers with different coumarin content (8, 4 and 2 mol%) were compared with a known copolymer synthesized via postpolymerization modification of partially hydrolyzed poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) with a coumarin derivative. The thermoresponsive behavior of the POx in aqueous solutions was investigated, showing a clear difference in the cloud point temperature (Tcp) between the polymers synthesized via different strategies. The hydrogel formation was achieved by irradiation with UV light by the following two methods: on the one hand with the pure coumarin-containing POx and on the other hand mixed with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). The obtained hydrogels were compared regarding their swelling degree and their gel content, whereas the swelling degree in water of prepared hydrogels can be tuned by using POx by varying the coumarin content.
Graphical abstract
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11
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Zhao X, Zhou Y, Wu Z, Chen J, Zhou F, Zhao G. Thickening effects of Ca2+ on apple high-methoxyl pectin: Dependences on Ca2+ concentration and the degree of esterification. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Kundeková B, Máčajová M, Meta M, Čavarga I, Huntošová V, Datta S, Miškovský P, Kronek J, Bilčík B. The Japanese quail chorioallantoic membrane as a model to study an amphiphilic gradient copoly(2-oxazoline)s- based drug delivery system for photodynamic diagnosis and therapy research. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103046. [PMID: 35917905 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic gradient copoly(2-oxazoline)s are widely researched in the field of drug delivery. They could be used as a transport system for hydrophobic drugs such as hypericin (HYP). We prepared six gradient copolymers (EtOx)-grad-(ROPhOx) by living cationic ring-opening polymerization of a hydrophilic comonomer 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (EtOx) and a hydrophobic comonomer 2-(4-alkyloxyphenyl)-2-oxazoline (ROPhOx), with different composition ratio (88:12 and 85:15) and three different alkyl chain lengths of alkyl (R) substituents. As an experimental model, Japanese quail chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was used. The effect of nanoparticles loaded with HYP was evaluated by the changes of fluorescence intensity during photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) monitored under 405 nm LED light before administration, and 0,1,3 and 24 h after topical administration. The effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) (405 nm, 285 mW/cm2) applied 1h after the administration of HYP-loaded nanoparticles was evaluated using vascular damage score and histological sections. Molecular analysis was done by measuring angiogenesis-related gene expression by qPCR. The application of nanoparticles unloaded or loaded with HYP proved to be biocompatible, non-toxic, and undamaging to the CAM tissue, while they successfully altered the HYP fluorescence. We observed a possible anti-angiogenic potential of prepared nanoparticles, which could present an advantage for PDT used for tumour treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Kundeková
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 84005, Slovakia
| | - Mariana Máčajová
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 84005, Slovakia
| | - Majlinda Meta
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 84005, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Čavarga
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 84005, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Huntošová
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenná 5, Košice 04154, Slovakia
| | - Shubhashis Datta
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenná 5, Košice 04154, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Miškovský
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenná 5, Košice 04154, Slovakia; SAFTRA Photonics s r o., Moldavská cesta 51, Košice 04011, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Kronek
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 84541, Slovakia
| | - Boris Bilčík
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 84005, Slovakia.
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Datta S, Huntošová V, Jutková A, Seliga R, Kronek J, Tomkova A, Lenkavská L, Máčajová M, Bilčík B, Kundeková B, Čavarga I, Pavlova E, Šlouf M, Miškovský P, Jancura D. Influence of Hydrophobic Side-Chain Length in Amphiphilic Gradient Copoly(2-oxazoline)s on the Therapeutics Loading, Stability, Cellular Uptake and Pharmacokinetics of Nano-Formulation with Curcumin. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122576. [PMID: 36559069 PMCID: PMC9781838 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the simple one-step preparation method and a promising application in biomedical research, amphiphilic gradient copoly(2-oxazoline)s are gaining more and more interest compared to their analogous block copolymers. In this work, the curcumin solubilization ability was tested for a series of amphiphilic gradient copoly(2-oxazoline)s with different lengths of hydrophobic side-chains, consisting of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline as a hydrophilic monomer and 2-(4-alkyloxyphenyl)-2-oxazoline as a hydrophobic monomer. It is shown that the length of the hydrophobic side-chain in the copolymers plays a crucial role in the loading of curcumin onto the self-assembled nanoparticles. The kinetic stability of self-assembled nanoparticles studied using FRET shows a link between their integrity and cellular uptake in human glioblastoma cells. The present study demonstrates how minor changes in the molecular structure of gradient copoly(2-oxazoline)s can lead to significant differences in the loading, stability, cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and pharmacokinetics of nano-formulations containing curcumin. The obtained results on the behavior of the complex of gradient copoly(2-oxazoline)s and curcumin may contribute to the development of effective next-generation polymeric nanostructures for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhashis Datta
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P. J. Safarik University in Košice, Jesenna 5, 04154 Košice, Slovakia
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (V.H.)
| | - Veronika Huntošová
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P. J. Safarik University in Košice, Jesenna 5, 04154 Košice, Slovakia
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (V.H.)
| | - Annamária Jutková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P. J. Safarik University in Košice, Jesenna 5, 04154 Košice, Slovakia
- SAFTRA Photonics s.r.o., Moldavska Cesta 51, 04011 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Róbert Seliga
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P. J. Safarik University in Košice, Jesenna 5, 04154 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Kronek
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Adriána Tomkova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P. J. Safarik University in Košice, Jesenna 5, 04154 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Lenkavská
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P. J. Safarik University in Košice, Jesenna 5, 04154 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Mariana Máčajová
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Boris Bilčík
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Kundeková
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Čavarga
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ewa Pavlova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho Nam. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho Nam. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavol Miškovský
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P. J. Safarik University in Košice, Jesenna 5, 04154 Košice, Slovakia
- SAFTRA Photonics s.r.o., Moldavska Cesta 51, 04011 Košice, Slovakia
- Cassovia New Industry Cluster, Tr. SNP 1, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Jancura
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P. J. Safarik University in Košice, Jesenna 5, 04154 Košice, Slovakia
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Nemati Mahand S, Aliakbarzadeh S, Moghaddam A, Salehi Moghaddam A, Kruppke B, Nasrollahzadeh M, Khonakdar HA. Polyoxazoline: A review article from polymerization to smart behaviors and biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2022; 178:111484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Yang M, Haider MS, Forster S, Hu C, Luxenhofer R. Synthesis and Investigation of Chiral Poly(2,4-disubstituted-2-oxazoline)-Based Triblock Copolymers, Their Self-Assembly, and Formulation with Chiral and Achiral Drugs. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengshi Yang
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Chemical Technology of Material Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Malik Salman Haider
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Chemical Technology of Material Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Forster
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Chemical Technology of Material Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chen Hu
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Chemical Technology of Material Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Chemical Technology of Material Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
- Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Feng S, Bandari S, Repka MA. Investigation of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) as a novel extended release polymer for hot-melt extrusion paired with fused deposition modeling 3D printing. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Fay JM, Lim C, Finkelstein A, Batrakova EV, Kabanov AV. PEG-Free Polyion Complex Nanocarriers for Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071391. [PMID: 35890287 PMCID: PMC9317007 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Many therapeutic formulations incorporate poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a stealth component to minimize early clearance. However, PEG is immunogenic and susceptible to accelerated clearance after multiple administrations. Here, we present two novel reformulations of a polyion complex (PIC), originally composed of poly(ethylene glycol)113-b-poly(glutamic acid)50 (PEG-PLE) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), termed Nano-BDNF (Nano-BDNF PEG-PLE). We replace the PEG based block copolymer with two new polymers, poly(sarcosine)127-b-poly(glutamic acid)50 (PSR-PLE) and poly(methyl-2-oxazolines)38-b-poly(oxazolepropanoic acid)27-b-poly(methyl-2-oxazoline)38 (PMeOx-PPaOx-PMeOx), which are driven to association with BDNF via electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding to form a PIC. Formulation using a microfluidic mixer yields small and narrowly disperse nanoparticles which associate following similar principles. Additionally, we demonstrate that encapsulation does not inhibit access by the receptor kinase, which affects BDNF’s physiologic benefits. Finally, we investigate the formation of nascent nanoparticles through a series of characterization experiments and isothermal titration experiments which show the effects of pH in the context of particle self-assembly. Our findings indicate that thoughtful reformulation of PEG based, therapeutic PICs with non-PEG alternatives can be accomplished without compromising the self-assembly of the PIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M. Fay
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7362, USA; (J.M.F.); (C.L.); (E.V.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7260, USA
| | - Chaemin Lim
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7362, USA; (J.M.F.); (C.L.); (E.V.B.)
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7260, USA
| | - Anna Finkelstein
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7362, USA; (J.M.F.); (C.L.); (E.V.B.)
| | - Elena V. Batrakova
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7362, USA; (J.M.F.); (C.L.); (E.V.B.)
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7260, USA
| | - Alexander V. Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7362, USA; (J.M.F.); (C.L.); (E.V.B.)
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7260, USA
- Laboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Ramsey JD, Stewart IE, Madden EA, Lim C, Hwang D, Heise MT, Hickey AJ, Kabanov AV. Nanoformulated Remdesivir with Extremely Low Content of Poly(2-oxazoline) - Based Stabilizer for Aerosol Treatment of COVID-19. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200056. [PMID: 35526106 PMCID: PMC9347370 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The rise of the novel virus SARS-CoV2 which causes the disease known as COVID-19 has led to a global pandemic claiming millions of lives. With no clinically approved treatment for COVID-19, physicians initially struggled to treat the disease, and a need remains for improved anti-viral therapies in this area. We conceived early in the pandemic that an inhalable formulation of the drug remdesivir which directly targets the virus at the site of infection could improve therapeutic outcomes in COVID-19. We developed a set of requirements that would be conducive to rapid drug approval: 1) try to use GRAS reagents 2) minimize excipient concentration and 3) achieve a working concentration of 5 mg/mL remdesivir to obtain a deliverable dose which is 5-10% of the IV dose. In this work, we discovered that Poly(2-oxazoline) block copolymers can stabilize drug nanocrystal suspensions and provide suitable formulation characteristics for aerosol delivery while maintaining anti-viral efficacy. We believe POx block copolymers can be used as a semi-ubiquitous stabilizer for the rapid development of nanocrystal formulations for new and existing diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Ramsey
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ian E Stewart
- Technology Advancement and Commercialization, RTI International, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Emily A Madden
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Chaemin Lim
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mark T Heise
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Anthony J Hickey
- Technology Advancement and Commercialization, RTI International, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Laboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
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20
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Kaur J, Gulati M, Kapoor B, Jha NK, Gupta PK, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Devkota HP, Prasher P, Ansari MS, Aba Alkhayl FF, Arshad MF, Morris A, Choonara YE, Adams J, Dua K, Singh SK. Advances in designing of polymeric micelles for biomedical application in brain related diseases. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 361:109960. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Dong S, Ma S, Chen H, Tang Z, Song W, Deng M. Nucleobase-crosslinked poly(2-oxazoline) nanoparticles as paclitaxel carriers with enhanced stability and ultra-high drug loading capacity for breast cancer therapy. Asian J Pharm Sci 2022; 17:571-582. [PMID: 36105315 PMCID: PMC9459052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(2-oxazoline) (POx) has been regarded as a potential candidate for drug delivery carrier to meet the challenges of nanomedicine clinical translation, due to its excellent biocompatibility and self-assembly properties. The drug loading capacity and stability of amphiphilic POxs as drug nanocarriers, however, tend to be insufficient. Herein, we report a strategy to prepare nucleobase-crosslinked POx nanoparticles (NPs) with enhanced stability and ultra-high paclitaxel (PTX) loading capacity for breast cancer therapy. An amphiphilic amine-functionalized POx (PMBEOx-NH2) was firstly prepared through a click reaction between cysteamines and vinyl groups in poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)-block-poly (2‑butyl‑2-oxazoline-co-2-butenyl-2-oxazoline) (PMBEOx). Complementary nucleobase-pairs adenine (A) and uracil (U) were subsequently conjugated to PMBEOx-NH2 to give functional POxs (POxA and POxU), respectively. Due to the nucleobase interactions formed between A and U, NPs formed by POxA and POxU at a molar ratio of 1:1 displayed ultrahigh PTX loading capacity (38.2%, PTX/POxA@U), excellent stability, and reduced particle size compared to the uncross-linked PTX-loaded NPs (PTX/PMBEOx). Besides the prolonged blood circulation and enhanced tumor accumulation, the smaller PTX/POxA@U NPs also have better tumor penetration ability compared with PTX/PMBEOx, thus leading to a higher tumor suppression rate in two murine breast cancer models (E0711 and 4T1). These results proved that the therapeutic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs could be improved remarkably through a reasonable optimization of nanocarriers.
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22
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Sedlacek O, Bardoula V, Vuorimaa-Laukkanen E, Gedda L, Edwards K, Radulescu A, Mun GA, Guo Y, Zhou J, Zhang H, Nardello-Rataj V, Filippov S, Hoogenboom R. Influence of Chain Length of Gradient and Block Copoly(2-oxazoline)s on Self-Assembly and Drug Encapsulation. Small 2022; 18:e2106251. [PMID: 35212458 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic gradient copolymers represent a promising alternative to extensively used block copolymers due to their facile one-step synthesis by statistical copolymerization of monomers of different reactivity. Herein, an in-depth analysis is provided of micelles based on amphiphilic gradient poly(2-oxazoline)s with different chain lengths to evaluate their potential for micellar drug delivery systems and compare them to the analogous diblock copolymer micelles. Size, morphology, and stability of self-assembled nanoparticles, loading of hydrophobic drug curcumin, as well as cytotoxicities of the prepared nanoformulations are examined using copoly(2-oxazoline)s with varying chain lengths and comonomer ratios. In addition to several interesting differences between the two copolymer architecture classes, such as more compact self-assembled structures with faster exchange dynamics for the gradient copolymers, it is concluded that gradient copolymers provide stable curcumin nanoformulations with comparable drug loadings to block copolymer systems and benefit from more straightforward copolymer synthesis. The study demonstrates the potential of amphiphilic gradient copolymers as a versatile platform for the synthesis of new polymer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Sedlacek
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova, 2030, Prague 2, 128 40, Czech Republic
| | - Valentin Bardoula
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
- Centrale Lille, Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, F-59000, France
| | | | - Lars Gedda
- Department of Chemistry -Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarina Edwards
- Department of Chemistry -Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aurel Radulescu
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Grigoriy A Mun
- Department of Chemistry & Technology of Organic Materials, Polymers and Natural Compounds, al Faraby Kazakh National University, 71, al-Faraby av., Almaty, 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of National Health & Family Planning Commission for Male Reproductive Health, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory and Turku Bioscience Center, of Åbo Akademi University and Turku Bioscience, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Junnian Zhou
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory and Turku Bioscience Center, of Åbo Akademi University and Turku Bioscience, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory and Turku Bioscience Center, of Åbo Akademi University and Turku Bioscience, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Véronique Nardello-Rataj
- Centrale Lille, Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Sergey Filippov
- Department of Chemistry & Technology of Organic Materials, Polymers and Natural Compounds, al Faraby Kazakh National University, 71, al-Faraby av., Almaty, 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, UK
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
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23
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Yu Q, England RM, Gunnarsson A, Luxenhofer R, Treacher K, Ashford MB. Designing Highly Stable Poly(sarcosine)-Based Telodendrimer Micelles with High Drug Content Exemplified with Fulvestrant. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Richard M. England
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | | | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Functional Polymer Materials, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Würzburg University, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
- Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kevin Treacher
- New Modalities and Parenterals Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Marianne B. Ashford
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
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24
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Tryba AM, Krok-borkowicz M, Kula M, Piergies N, Marzec M, Wegener E, Frączyk J, Jordan R, Kolesińska B, Scharnweber D, Paluszkiewicz C, Pamuła E. Surface Functionalization of Poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) Membranes with RGD-Grafted Poly(2-oxazoline) for Periodontal Tissue Engineering. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:4. [PMID: 35076515 PMCID: PMC8788533 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue defects resulting from periodontal disease are often treated using guided tissue regeneration (GTR). The barrier membranes utilized here should prevent soft tissue infiltration into the bony defect and simultaneously support bone regeneration. In this study, we designed a degradable poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) membrane that was surface-modified with cell adhesive arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motifs. For a novel method of membrane manufacture, the RGD motifs were coupled with the non-ionic amphiphilic polymer poly(2-oxazoline) (POx). The RGD-containing membranes were then prepared by solvent casting of PLGA, POx coupled with RGD (POx_RGD), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) solution in methylene chloride (DCM), followed by DCM evaporation and PEG leaching. Successful coupling of RGD to POx was confirmed spectroscopically by Raman, Fourier transform infrared in attenuated reflection mode (FTIR-ATR), and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy, while successful immobilization of POx_RGD on the membrane surface was confirmed by XPS and FTIR-ATR. The resulting membranes had an asymmetric microstructure, as shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), where the glass-cured surface was more porous and had a higher surface area then the air-cured surface. The higher porosity should support bone tissue regeneration, while the air-cured side is more suited to preventing soft tissue infiltration. The behavior of osteoblast-like cells on PLGA membranes modified with POx_RGD was compared to cell behavior on PLGA foil, non-modified PLGA membranes, or PLGA membranes modified only with POx. For this, MG-63 cells were cultured for 4, 24, and 96 h on the membranes and analyzed by metabolic activity tests, live/dead staining, and fluorescent staining of actin fibers. The results showed bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability to be the highest on membranes modified with POx_RGD, making them possible candidates for GTR applications in periodontology and in bone tissue engineering.
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25
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Conka R, Marien Y, Van Steenberge P, Hoogenboom R, D'hooge DR. A unified kinetic Monte Carlo approach to evaluate (a)symmetric block and gradient copolymers with linear and branched chains illustrated for poly(2-oxazoline)s. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01391b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of well-defined gradient, block-gradient and di-block copolymers with both asymmetric and symmetric compositions considering hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomer units is relevant for application fields, such as drug/gene delivery...
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26
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Seo Y, Ghazanfari L, Master A, Vishwasrao HM, Wan X, Sokolsky-Papkov M, Kabanov AV. Poly(2-oxazoline)-magnetite NanoFerrogels: Magnetic field responsive theranostic platform for cancer drug delivery and imaging. Nanomedicine 2022; 39:102459. [PMID: 34530163 PMCID: PMC8665074 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Combining diagnosis and treatment approaches in one entity is the goal of theranostics for cancer therapy. Magnetic nanoparticles have been extensively used as contrast agents for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging as well as drug carriers and remote actuation agents. Poly(2-oxazoline)-based polymeric micelles, which have been shown to efficiently solubilize hydrophobic drugs and drug combinations, have high loading capacity (above 40% w/w) for paclitaxel. In this study, we report the development of novel theranostic system, NanoFerrogels, which is designed to capitalize on the magnetic nanoparticle properties as imaging agents and the poly(2-oxazoline)-based micelles as drug loading compartment. We developed six formulations with magnetic nanoparticle content of 0.3%-12% (w/w), with the z-average sizes of 85-130 nm and ξ-potential of 2.7-28.3 mV. The release profiles of paclitaxel from NanoFerrogels were notably dependent on the degree of dopamine grafting on poly(2-oxazoline)-based micelles. Paclitaxel loaded NanoFerrogels showed efficacy against three breast cancer lines which was comparable to free paclitaxel. They also showed improved tumor and lymph node accumulation and signal reduction in vivo (2.7% in tumor; 8.5% in lymph node) compared to clinically approved imaging agent ferumoxytol (FERAHEME®) 24 h after administration. NanoFerrogels responded to super-low frequency alternating current magnetic field (50 kA m-1, 50 Hz) which accelerated drug release from paclitaxel-loaded NanoFerrogels or caused death of cells loaded with NanoFerrogels. These proof-of-concept experiments demonstrate that NanoFerrogels have potential as remotely actuated theranostic platform for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngee Seo
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lida Ghazanfari
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Alyssa Master
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Hemant M Vishwasrao
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Xiaomeng Wan
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Laboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
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27
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Fay JM, Kabanov AV. Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes as an Emerging Technology for Pharmaceutical Delivery of Polypeptides. rev. and adv. in chem. 2022. [PMCID: PMC9987408 DOI: 10.1134/s2634827622600177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexes and the derivatives thereof comprise some of the most promising vehicles for the encapsulation and delivery of macromolecular therapeutics. In particular, protein therapeutics, which present a host of special considerations, can often be effectively packaged and delivered using interpolyelectrolyte complexes. While the technologies are still in the developmental phase, there are numerous examples of complexes where control is exerted over spacial and temporal delivery of a model protein cargo or candidate protein therapeutic agent. Here we provide a historical and practical background to promote a deeper understanding of interpolyelectrolyte complexes and the derivative technologies. Additionally, we review the physical principles underlying the association of polyelectrolyte complexes and the application of those principles to novel strategies and technologies driving interpolyelectrolyte complexation. Then, the application of polyelectrolyte complex technology to protein therapeutics is discussed in detail including discussions of several types of protein cargo with a special emphasis on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor. Finally, we focus on the use of stealth polymers in block ionomer complexes, specifically PEG; its benefits, flaws, and possible alternatives. Comprehensive understanding of the field may promote the continued development of derivative technologies for the delivery of particularly intransigent protein therapeutics, much as has been accomplished for small molecule drugs. We also aim to link current advances to the historical developments which inaugurated the field. With consideration to the field, industrial and academic researchers can utilize the discussed technologies and continue to elucidate novel modalities for a myriad of therapeutic and commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M. Fay
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, NC 27599-7362 Chapel Hill, USA ,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, NC 27599-7260 Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Alexander V. Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, NC 27599-7362 Chapel Hill, USA ,Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, NC 27599-7260 Chapel Hill, USA ,Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
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28
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Hu C, Ahmad T, Haider MS, Hahn L, Stahlhut P, Groll J, Luxenhofer R. A thermogelling organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogel with excellent printability, shape fidelity and cytocompatibility for 3D bioprinting. Biofabrication 2021; 14. [PMID: 34875631 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac40ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Alginates are the most commonly used bioink in biofabrication, but their rheological profiles makes it very challenging to perform real 3D printing. In this study, an advanced hybrid hydrogel ink was developed, a mixture of thermogelling diblock copolymer, alginate and clay i.e. Laponite XLG. The reversible thermogelling and shear thinning properties of the diblock copolymer in the ink system improves handling and 3D printability significantly. Various three-dimensional constructs, including suspended filaments, were printed successfully with high shape fidelity and excellent stackability. Subsequent ionic crosslinking of alginate fixates the printed scaffolds, while the diblock copolymer is washed out of the structure, acting as a fugitive material on the (macro)molecular level. Finally, cell-laden printing and culture over 21 days demonstrated good cytocompatibility and feasibility of the novel hybrid hydrogels for 3D bioprinting. We believe that the developed material could be interesting for a wide range of bioprinting applications including tissue engineering and drug screening, potentially enabling also other biological bioinks such as collagen, hyaluronic acid, decellularized extracellular matrix or cellulose based bioinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, Würzburg, 97070, GERMANY
| | - Taufiq Ahmad
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry , University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, Würzburg, D-97070, GERMANY
| | - Malik Salman Haider
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, Würzburg, 97070, GERMANY
| | - Lukas Hahn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, Würzburg, 97070, GERMANY
| | - Philipp Stahlhut
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Wurzburg, 97070, GERMANY
| | - Juergen Groll
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D17, D-97070 Wurzburg, Wurzburg, 97070, GERMANY
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg, Röntgenring 11, Würzburg, 97070, GERMANY
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29
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Mazrad ZAI, Schelle B, Nicolazzo JA, Leiske MN, Kempe K. Nitrile-Functionalized Poly(2-oxazoline)s as a Versatile Platform for the Development of Polymer Therapeutics. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4618-4632. [PMID: 34647734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, polymers bearing reactive groups have received significant interest for biomedical applications. Numerous functional polymer platforms have been introduced, which allow for the preparation of materials with tailored properties via post-polymerization modifications. However, because of their reactivity, many functional groups are not compatible with the initial polymerization. The nitrile group is a highly interesting and relatively inert functionality that has mainly received attention in radical polymerizations. In this Article, a nitrile-functionalized 2-oxazoline monomer (2-(4-nitrile-butyl)-2-oxazoline, BuNiOx) is introduced, and its compatibility with the cationic ring-opening polymerization is demonstrated. Subsequently, the versatility of nitrile-functionalized poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) is presented. To this end, diverse (co)polymers are synthesized and characterized by nuclear resonance spectroscopy, size-exclusion chromatography, and mass spectrometry. Amphiphilic block copolymers are shown to efficiently encapsulate the hydrophobic drug curcumin (CUR) in aqueous solution, and the anti-inflammatory effect of the CUR-containing nanostructures is presented in BV-2 microglia. Furthermore, the availability of the BuNiOx repeating units for post-polymerization modifications with hydroxylamine to yield amidoxime (AO)-functionalized POx is demonstrated. These AO-containing POx were successfully applied for the complexation of Fe(III) in a quantitative manner. In addition, AO-functionalized POx were shown to release nitric oxide intracellularly in BV-2 microglia. Thus nitrile-functionalized POx represent a promising and robust platform for the design of polymer therapeutics for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihnil A I Mazrad
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Baptiste Schelle
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Joseph A Nicolazzo
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Meike N Leiske
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kristian Kempe
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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30
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Hwang D, Vinod N, Skoczen SL, Ramsey JD, Snapp KS, Montgomery SA, Wang M, Lim C, Frank JE, Sokolsky-Papkov M, Li Z, Yuan H, Stern ST, Kabanov AV. Bioequivalence assessment of high-capacity polymeric micelle nanoformulation of paclitaxel and Abraxane® in rodent and non-human primate models using a stable isotope tracer assay. Biomaterials 2021; 278:121140. [PMID: 34634661 PMCID: PMC10726948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The in vivo fate of nanoformulated drugs is governed by the physicochemical properties of the drug and the functionality of nanocarriers. Nanoformulations such as polymeric micelles, which physically encapsulate poorly soluble drugs, release their payload into the bloodstream during systemic circulation. This results in three distinct fractions of the drug-nanomedicine: encapsulated, protein-bound, and free drug. Having a thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of each fraction is essential to elucidate mechanisms of nanomedicine-driven changes in drug exposure and PK/PD relationships pharmacodynamic activity. Here, we present a comprehensive preclinical assessment of the poly (2-oxazoline)-based polymeric micelle of paclitaxel (PTX) (POXOL hl-PM), including bioequivalence comparison to the clinically approved paclitaxel nanomedicine, Abraxane®. Physicochemical characterization and toxicity analysis of POXOL hl-PM was conducted using standardized protocols by the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory (NCL). The bioequivalence of POXOL hl-PM to Abraxane® was evaluated in rats and rhesus macaques using the NCL's established stable isotope tracer ultrafiltration assay (SITUA) to delineate the plasma PK of each PTX fraction. The SITUA study revealed that POXOL hl-PM and Abraxane® had comparable PK profiles not only for total PTX but also for the distinct drug fractions, suggesting bioequivalence in given animal models. The comprehensive preclinical evaluation of POXOL hl-PM in this study showcases a series of widely applicable standardized studies by NCL for assessing nanoformulations prior to clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Natasha Vinod
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States; Joint UNC/NC State Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Sarah L Skoczen
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Jacob D Ramsey
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Kelsie S Snapp
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Stephanie A Montgomery
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Mengzhe Wang
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, United States
| | - Chaemin Lim
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Jonathan E Frank
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, United States
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Zibo Li
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, United States
| | - Hong Yuan
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, United States
| | - Stephan T Stern
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States; Laboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.
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Huntošová V, Datta S, Lenkavská L, Máčajová M, Bilčík B, Kundeková B, Čavarga I, Kronek J, Jutková A, Miškovský P, Jancura D. Alkyl Chain Length in Poly(2-oxazoline)-Based Amphiphilic Gradient Copolymers Regulates the Delivery of Hydrophobic Molecules: A Case of the Biodistribution and the Photodynamic Activity of the Photosensitizer Hypericin. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4199-4216. [PMID: 34494830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled nanostructures of amphiphilic gradient copoly(2-oxazoline)s have recently attracted attention as promising delivery systems for the effective delivery of hydrophobic anticancer drugs. In this study, we have investigated the effects of increasing hydrophobic side chain length on the self-assembly of gradient copolymers composed of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline as the hydrophilic comonomer and various 2-(4-alkyloxyphenyl)-2-oxazolines as hydrophobic comonomers. We show that the size of the formed polymeric nanoparticles depends on the structure of the copolymers. Moreover, the stability and properties of the polymeric assembly can be affected by the loading of hypericin, a promising compound for photodiagnostics and photodynamic therapy (PDT). We have found the limitation that allows rapid or late release of hypericin from polymeric nanoparticles. The nanoparticles entering the cells by endocytosis decreased the hypericin-induced PDT, and the contribution of the passive process (diffusion) increased the probability of a stronger photoeffect. A study of fluorescence pharmacokinetics and biodistribution revealed differences in the release of hypericin from nanoparticles toward the quail chorioallantoic membrane, a preclinical model for in vivo studies, depending on the composition of polymeric nanoparticles. Photodamage induced by PDT in vivo well correlated with the in vitro results. All formulations studied succeeded in targeting hypericin at cancer cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated the promising potential of poly(2-oxazoline)-based gradient copolymers for effective drug delivery and sequential drug release needed for successful photodiagnostics and PDT in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Huntošová
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Shubhashis Datta
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Lenkavská
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Mariana Máčajová
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Boris Bilčík
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Kundeková
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Čavarga
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Kronek
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Annamária Jutková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Miškovský
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia.,SAFTRA Photonics sro., Moldavska cesta 51, 04011 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Jancura
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
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Flemming P, Münch AS, Fery A, Uhlmann P. Constrained thermoresponsive polymers - new insights into fundamentals and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2123-2163. [PMID: 34476018 PMCID: PMC8381851 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, numerous stimuli-responsive polymers have been developed and investigated regarding their switching properties. In particular, thermoresponsive polymers, which form a miscibility gap with the ambient solvent with a lower or upper critical demixing point depending on the temperature, have been intensively studied in solution. For the application of such polymers in novel sensors, drug delivery systems or as multifunctional coatings, they typically have to be transferred into specific arrangements, such as micelles, polymer films or grafted nanoparticles. However, it turns out that the thermodynamic concept for the phase transition of free polymer chains fails, when thermoresponsive polymers are assembled into such sterically confined architectures. Whereas many published studies focus on synthetic aspects as well as individual applications of thermoresponsive polymers, the underlying structure-property relationships governing the thermoresponse of sterically constrained assemblies, are still poorly understood. Furthermore, the clear majority of publications deals with polymers that exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior, with PNIPAAM as their main representative. In contrast, for polymer arrangements with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), there is only limited knowledge about preparation, application and precise physical understanding of the phase transition. This review article provides an overview about the current knowledge of thermoresponsive polymers with limited mobility focusing on UCST behavior and the possibilities for influencing their thermoresponsive switching characteristics. It comprises star polymers, micelles as well as polymer chains grafted to flat substrates and particulate inorganic surfaces. The elaboration of the physicochemical interplay between the architecture of the polymer assembly and the resulting thermoresponsive switching behavior will be in the foreground of this consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Flemming
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander S Münch
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68588, Lincoln, USA
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Haider MS, Ahmad T, Groll J, Scherf-Clavel O, Kroiss M, Luxenhofer R. The Challenging Pharmacokinetics of Mitotane: An Old Drug in Need of New Packaging. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 46:575-93. [PMID: 34287806 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-021-00700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a malignant tumor originating from the adrenal gland cortex with a heterogeneous but overall dismal prognosis in advanced stages. For more than 50 years, mitotane has remained a cornerstone for the treatment of ACC as adjuvant and palliative therapy. It has a very poor aqueous solubility of 0.1 mg/l and high partition coefficient in octanol/water (log P) value of 6. The commercially available dosage form is 500 mg tablets (Lysodren®). Even at doses up to 6 g/day (12 tablets in divided doses) for several months, > 50% patients do not achieve therapeutic plasma concentration > 14 mg/l due to poor water solubility, large volume of distribution and inter/intra-individual variability in bioavailability. This article aims to give a concise update of the clinical challenges associated with the administration of high-dose mitotane oral therapy which encompass the issues of poor bioavailability, difficult-to-predict pharmacokinetics and associated adverse events. Moreover, we present recent efforts to improve mitotane formulations. Their success has been limited, and we therefore propose an injectable mitotane formulation instead of oral administration, which could bypass many of the main issues associated with high-dose oral mitotane therapy. A parenteral administration of mitotane could not only help to alleviate the adverse effects but also circumvent the variable oral absorption, give better control over therapeutic plasma mitotane concentration and potentially shorten the time to achieve therapeutic drug plasma concentrations considerably. Mitotane as tablet form is currently the standard treatment for adrenocortical carcinoma. It has been used for 5 decades but suffers from highly variable responses in patients, subsequent adverse effects and overall lower response rate. This can be fundamentally linked to the exceedingly poor water solubility of mitotane itself. In terms of enhancing water solubility, a few research groups have attempted to develop better formulations of mitotane to overcome the issues associated with tablet dosage form. However, the success rate was limited, and these formulations did not make it into the clinics. In this article, we have comprehensively reviewed the properties of these formulations and discuss the reasons for their limited utility. Furthermore, we discuss a recently developed mitotane nanoformulation that led us to propose a novel approach to mitotane therapy, where intravenous delivery supplements the standard oral administration. With this article, we combine the current state of knowledge as a single piece of information about the various problems associated with the use of mitotane tablets, and herein we postulate the development of a new injectable mitotane formulation, which can potentially circumvent the major problems associated to mitotane's poor water solubility.
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Hahn L, Karakaya E, Zorn T, Sochor B, Maier M, Stahlhut P, Forster S, Fischer K, Seiffert S, Pöppler AC, Detsch R, Luxenhofer R. An Inverse Thermogelling Bioink Based on an ABA-Type Poly(2-oxazoline) Amphiphile. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3017-3027. [PMID: 34100282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are key components in several biomedical research areas such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biofabrication. Here, a novel ABA-type triblock copolymer comprising poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) as the hydrophilic A blocks and poly(2-phenethyl-2-oxazoline) as the aromatic and hydrophobic B block is introduced. Above the critical micelle concentration, the polymer self-assembles into small spherical polymer micelles with a hydrodynamic radius of approx 8-8.5 nm. Interestingly, this specific combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic aromatic moieties leads to rapid thermoresponsive inverse gelation at polymer concentrations above a critical gelation concentration (20 wt %) into a macroporous hydrogel of densely packed micelles. This hydrogel exhibited pronounced viscoelastic solid-like properties, as well as extensive shear-thinning, rapid structure recovery, and good strain resistance properties. Excellent 3D-printability of the hydrogel at lower temperature opens a wide range of different applications, for example, in the field of biofabrication. In preliminary bioprinting experiments using NIH 3T3 cells, excellent cell viabilities of more than 95% were achieved. The particularly interesting feature of this novel material is that it can be used as a printing support in hybrid bioink systems and sacrificial bioink due to rapid dissolution at physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Hahn
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Emine Karakaya
- Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 6, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Theresa Zorn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Benedikt Sochor
- Chair for X-Ray Microscopy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Josef-Martin-Weg 63, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Matthias Maier
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Philipp Stahlhut
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Stefan Forster
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Karl Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin Pöppler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Rainer Detsch
- Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 6, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, Würzburg 97070, Germany.,Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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Caimano M, Lospinoso Severini L, Loricchio E, Infante P, Di Marcotullio L. Drug Delivery Systems for Hedgehog Inhibitors in the Treatment of SHH-Medulloblastoma. Front Chem 2021; 9:688108. [PMID: 34164380 PMCID: PMC8215655 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.688108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a highly aggressive pediatric tumor of the cerebellum. Hyperactivation of the Hedgehog (HH) pathway is observed in about 30% of all MB diagnoses, thereby bringing out its pharmacological blockade as a promising therapeutic strategy for the clinical management of this malignancy. Two main classes of HH inhibitors have been developed: upstream antagonists of Smoothened (SMO) receptor and downstream inhibitors of GLI transcription factors. Unfortunately, the poor pharmacological properties of many of these molecules have limited their investigation in clinical trials for MB. In this minireview, we focus on the drug delivery systems engineered for SMO and GLI inhibitors as a valuable approach to improve their bioavailability and efficiency to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), one of the main challenges in the treatment of MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Caimano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elena Loricchio
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Infante
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Di Marcotullio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
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Hu C, Haider MS, Hahn L, Yang M, Luxenhofer R. Development of a 3D printable and highly stretchable ternary organic-inorganic nanocomposite hydrogel. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4535-4545. [PMID: 34037651 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00484k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels that can be processed with additive manufacturing techniques and concomitantly possess favorable mechanical properties are interesting for many advanced applications. However, the development of novel ink materials with high intrinsic 3D printing performance has been proven to be a major challenge. Herein, a novel 3D printable organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogel is developed from three components, and characterized in detail in terms of rheological property, swelling behavior and composition. The nanocomposite hydrogel combines a thermoresponsive hydrogel with clay LAPONITE® XLG and in situ polymerized poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide). Before in situ polymerization, the thermogelling and shear thinning properties of the thermoresponsive hydrogel provides a system well-suited for extrusion-based 3D printing. After chemical curing of the 3D-printed constructs by free radical polymerization, the resulting interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel shows excellent mechanical strength with a high stretchability to a tensile strain at break exceeding 550%. Integrating with the advanced 3D-printing technique, the introduced material could be interesting for a wide range of applications including tissue engineering, drug delivery, soft robotics and additive manufacturing in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hu
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Malik Salman Haider
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Lukas Hahn
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Mengshi Yang
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Functional Polymer Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany. and Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Dong S, Ma S, Liu ZL, Ma LL, Zhang Y, Tang ZH, Deng MX, Song WT. Functional Amphiphilic Poly(2-oxazoline) Block Copolymers as Drug Carriers: the Relationship between Structure and Drug Loading Capacity. Chin J Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pizzi D, Mahmoud AM, Klein T, Morrow JP, Humphries J, Houston ZH, Fletcher NL, Bell CA, Thurecht KJ, Kempe K. Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) bottlebrushes: How nanomaterial dimensions can influence biological interactions. Eur Polym J 2021; 151:110447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Majerčíková M, Nádaždy P, Chorvát D, Satrapinskyy L, Valentová H, Kroneková Z, Šiffalovič P, Kronek J, Zahoranová A. Effect of Dexamethasone on Thermoresponsive Behavior of Poly(2-Oxazoline) Diblock Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13091357. [PMID: 33919321 PMCID: PMC8122420 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers play an important role in designing drug delivery systems for biomedical applications. In this contribution, the effect of encapsulated hydrophobic drug dexamethasone on thermoresponsive behavior of diblock copolymers was studied. A small series of diblock copoly(2-oxazoline)s was prepared by combining thermoresponsive 2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline (nPrOx) and hydrophilic 2-methyl-2-oxazoline (MeOx) in two ratios and two polymer chain lengths. The addition of dexamethasone affected the thermoresponsive behavior of one of the copolymers, nPrOx20-MeOx180, in the aqueous medium by shifting the cloud point temperature to lower values. In addition, the formation of microparticles containing dexamethasone was observed during the heating of the samples. The morphology and number of microparticles were affected by the structure and concentration of copolymer, the drug concentration, and the temperature. The crystalline nature of formed microparticles was confirmed by polarized light microscopy, confocal Raman microscopy, and wide-angle X-ray scattering. The results demonstrate the importance of studying drug/polymer interactions for the future development of thermoresponsive drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Majerčíková
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Z.K.)
| | - Peter Nádaždy
- Institute of Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.N.); (P.Š.)
| | - Dušan Chorvát
- International Laser Centre, Department of Biophotonics, Ilkovičova 3, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Leonid Satrapinskyy
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Helena Valentová
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic;
| | - Zuzana Kroneková
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Z.K.)
| | - Peter Šiffalovič
- Institute of Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.N.); (P.Š.)
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Kronek
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Z.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anna Zahoranová
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163MC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (A.Z.)
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Xu M, Yao C, Zhang W, Gao S, Zou H, Gao J. Anti-Cancer Activity Based on the High Docetaxel Loaded Poly(2-Oxazoline)s Micelles. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:2735-2749. [PMID: 33859475 PMCID: PMC8043799 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s298093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Nanocarriers, with a high drug loading content and good safety, to achieve desirable therapeutic effect are always the goals for industry and research. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we developed a docetaxel loaded poly-2-oxazoline polymer micellar system which employed poly-2-butyl-2 oxazoline and poly-2-methyl-2 oxazoline as the hydrophobic chain and hydrophilic chain, respectively. This micellar system achieves a high load up to 25% against the docetaxel, and further demonstrates an IC50 as low as 40% of the commercialized docetaxel injection in vitro and a double maximum tolerated dose in MCF-7 cells in vivo. CONCLUSION The high drug loading content, superior safety, and considerable anti-cancer activity make this newly developed docetaxel loaded poly(2-oxazoline) micelle go further in future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Yao
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
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Luo J, Zhang Z, Zeng Y, Dong Y, Ma L. Co-encapsulation of collagenase type I and silibinin in chondroitin sulfate coated multilayered nanoparticles for targeted treatment of liver fibrosis. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 263:117964. [PMID: 33858569 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are overexpressed in fibrotic liver. Collagen is the main component of the liver fibrosis stroma. Here we demonstrate that chondroitin sulfate coated multilayered 50-nm nanoparticles encapsulating collagenase and silibinin (COL + SLB-MLPs) break down the dense collagen stroma, while silibinin inhibits activated hepatic stellate cells. The nanoparticles were taken up to a much greater extent by hepatic stellate cells than by normal hepatocytes, and they down-regulated production of type I collagen. In addition, chondroitin sulfate protected the collagenase from premature deactivation. COL + SLB-MLPs were delivered to the cirrhotic liver, and the collagenase and silibinin synergistically inhibited fibrosis in mice. Immunofluorescence staining of liver tissues revealed that CD44, mediated by chondroitin sulfate, delivered the nanoparticles to hepatic stellate cells. This strategy holds promise for degrading extracellular stroma and thereby facilitating drug penetration into fibrotic liver and related diseases such as liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yingchun Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Yanming Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Lixin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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Vinod N, Hwang D, Azam SH, Van Swearingen AED, Wayne E, Fussell SC, Sokolsky-Papkov M, Pecot CV, Kabanov AV. Preparation and Characterization of Poly(2-oxazoline) Micelles for the Solubilization and Delivery of Water Insoluble Drugs. Bio Protoc 2021; 11:e3959. [PMID: 33855119 PMCID: PMC8032494 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Many new drug development candidates are highly lipophilic compounds with low water solubility. This constitutes a formidable challenge for the use of such compounds for cancer therapy, where high doses and intravenous injections are needed ( Di et al., 2012 ). Here, we present a poly(2-oxazoline) polymer (POx)-based nanoformulation strategy to solubilize and deliver hydrophobic drugs. POx micelles are prepared by a simple thin-film hydration method. In this method, the drug and polymer are dissolved in a common solvent and allowed to mix, following which the solvent is evaporated using mild heating conditions to form a thin film. The micelles form spontaneously upon hydration with saline. POx nanoformulation of hydrophobic drugs is unique in that it has a high drug loading capacity, which is superior to micelles of conventional surfactants. Moreover, multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can be included within the same POx micelle, thereby enabling the codelivery of binary as well as ternary drug combinations ( Han et al., 2012 ; He et al., 2016 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Vinod
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Joint UNC/NC State Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Salma H. Azam
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Wayne
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sloane Christian Fussell
- Department of Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chad V. Pecot
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alexander V. Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Laboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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43
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Abbrent S, Mahun A, Smrčková MD, Kobera L, Konefał R, Černoch P, Dušek K, Brus J. Copolymer chain formation of 2-oxazolines by in situ 1H-NMR spectroscopy: dependence of sequential composition on substituent structure and monomer ratios. RSC Adv 2021; 11:10468-10478. [PMID: 35423552 PMCID: PMC8695665 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01509e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ 1H NMR characterization of copolymerization reactions of various 2-oxazoline monomers at different molar ratios offers detailed insight into the build-up and composition of the polymer chains. Various 2-oxazolines were copolymerized in one single solvent, butyronitrile, with 2-dec-9'-enyl-2-oxazoline, where the double bond allows for post-polymerization modification and can function as a crosslinking unit to form polymer networks. The types of the monomers and their molar ratios in the feed have a strong effect on the microstructure of the forming copolymer chains. Copolymers comprising 2-dec-9'-enyl-2-oxazoline and either 2-ethyl-, 2-isopropyl-, 2-butyl-, 2-heptyl, 2-nonyl- or 2-phenyl-2-oxazoline, show significant differences in sequential structure of copolymers ranging from block to gradient and random ordering of the monomer units. 1H NMR was found to be a powerful tool to uncover detailed oxazoline copolymerization kinetics and evolution of chain composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Abbrent
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovskeho nam. 2 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Andrii Mahun
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovskeho nam. 2 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University Hlavova 8 128 40 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Dušková Smrčková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovskeho nam. 2 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Libor Kobera
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovskeho nam. 2 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Rafał Konefał
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovskeho nam. 2 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Peter Černoch
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovskeho nam. 2 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Karel Dušek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovskeho nam. 2 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Brus
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovskeho nam. 2 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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Zahoranová A, Luxenhofer R. Poly(2-oxazoline)- and Poly(2-oxazine)-Based Self-Assemblies, Polyplexes, and Drug Nanoformulations-An Update. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001382. [PMID: 33448122 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
For many decades, poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s, two closely related families of polymers, have led the life of a rather obscure research topic with only a few research groups world-wide working with them. This has changed in the last five to ten years, presumably triggered significantly by very promising clinical trials of the first poly(2-oxazoline)-based drug conjugate. The huge chemical and structural toolbox poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s has been extended very significantly in the last few years, but their potential still remains largely untapped. Here, specifically, the developments in macromolecular self-assemblies and non-covalent drug delivery systems such as polyplexes and drug nanoformulations based on poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s are reviewed. This highly dynamic field benefits particularly from the extensive synthetic toolbox poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s offer and also may have the largest potential for a further development. It is expected that the research dynamics will remain high in the next few years, particularly as more about the safety and therapeutic potential of poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s is learned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zahoranová
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry Vienna University of Technology Getreidemarkt 9/163MC Vienna 1060 Austria
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Functional Polymer Materials Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Röntgenring 11 Würzburg 97070 Germany
- Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Chemistry Helsinki University Helsinki 00014 Finland
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Hwang D, Dismuke T, Tikunov A, Rosen EP, Kagel JR, Ramsey JD, Lim C, Zamboni W, Kabanov AV, Gershon TR, Sokolsky-Papkov PhD M. Poly(2-oxazoline) nanoparticle delivery enhances the therapeutic potential of vismodegib for medulloblastoma by improving CNS pharmacokinetics and reducing systemic toxicity. Nanomedicine 2021; 32:102345. [PMID: 33259959 PMCID: PMC8160025 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We report a nanoparticle formulation of the SHH-pathway inhibitor vismodegib that improves efficacy for medulloblastoma, while reducing toxicity. Limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration and dose-limiting extitle/citraneural toxicities complicate systemic therapies for brain tumors. Vismodegib is FDA-approved for SHH-driven basal cell carcinoma, but implementation for medulloblastoma has been limited by inadequate efficacy and excessive bone toxicity. To address these issues through optimized drug delivery, we formulated vismodegib in polyoxazoline block copolymer micelles (POx-vismo). We then evaluated POx-vismo in transgenic mice that develop SHH-driven medulloblastomas with native vasculature and tumor microenvironment. POx-vismo improved CNS pharmacokinetics and reduced bone toxicity. Mechanistically, the nanoparticle carrier did not enter the CNS, and acted within the vascular compartment to improve drug delivery. Unlike conventional vismodegib, POx-vismo extended survival in medulloblastoma-bearing mice. Our results show the broad potential for non-targeted nanoparticle formulation to improve systemic brain tumor therapy, and specifically to improve vismodegib therapy for SHH-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Taylor Dismuke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrey Tikunov
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elias P Rosen
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - John R Kagel
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Jacob D Ramsey
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chaemin Lim
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - William Zamboni
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Laboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timothy R Gershon
- Department of Neurology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov PhD
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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46
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Slor G, Olea AR, Pujals S, Tigrine A, De La Rosa VR, Hoogenboom R, Albertazzi L, Amir RJ. Judging Enzyme-Responsive Micelles by Their Covers: Direct Comparison of Dendritic Amphiphiles with Different Hydrophilic Blocks. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1197-1210. [PMID: 33512161 PMCID: PMC7944483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Enzymatically
degradable polymeric micelles have great potential
as drug delivery systems, allowing the selective release of their
active cargo at the site of disease. Furthermore, enzymatic degradation
of the polymeric nanocarriers facilitates clearance of the delivery
system after it has completed its task. While extensive research is
dedicated toward the design and study of the enzymatically degradable
hydrophobic block, there is limited understanding on how the hydrophilic
shell of the micelle can affect the properties of such enzymatically
degradable micelles. In this work, we report a systematic head-to-head
comparison of well-defined polymeric micelles with different polymeric
shells and two types of enzymatically degradable hydrophobic cores.
To carry out this direct comparison, we developed a highly modular
approach for preparing clickable, spectrally active enzyme-responsive
dendrons with adjustable degree of hydrophobicity. The dendrons were
linked with three different widely used hydrophilic polymers—poly(ethylene
glycol), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), and poly(acrylic acid) using the
CuAAC click reaction. The high modularity and molecular precision
of the synthetic methodology enabled us to easily prepare well-defined
amphiphiles that differ either in their hydrophilic block composition
or in their hydrophobic dendron. The micelles of the different amphiphiles
were thoroughly characterized and their sizes, critical micelle concentrations,
drug loading, stability, and cell internalization were compared. We
found that the micelle diameter was almost solely dependent on the
hydrophobicity of the dendritic hydrophobic block, whereas the enzymatic
degradation rate was strongly dependent on the composition of both
blocks. Drug encapsulation capacity was very sensitive to the type
of the hydrophilic block, indicating that, in addition to the hydrophobic
core, the micellar shell also has a significant role in drug encapsulation.
Incubation of the spectrally active micelles in the presence of cells
showed that the hydrophilic shell significantly affects the micellar
stability, localization, cell internalization kinetics, and the cargo
release mechanism. Overall, the high molecular precision and the ability
of these amphiphiles to report their disassembly, even in complex
biological media, allowed us to directly compare the different types
of micelles, providing striking insights into how the composition
of the micelle shells and cores can affect their properties and potential
to serve as nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadi Slor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel.,Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Alis R Olea
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Pujals
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Physics, University of Barcelona, Carrer Martí I Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ali Tigrine
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Victor R De La Rosa
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology (TUE), Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Roey J Amir
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel.,Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel.,BLAVATNIK Center for Drug Discovery, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel.,ADAMA Center for Novel Delivery Systems in Crop Protection, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel.,The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Menezes RNLD, Felisberti MI. Combining CROP and ATRP to synthesize pH-responsive poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline- b-4-vinylpyridine) block copolymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00730k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of block copolymers based on the biocompatible and stealth polymer poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and the polydentate ligand and pH-responsive poly(4-vinylpyridine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Natal Lima de Menezes
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, R. Josué de Castro, PO Box 6154, 13.084-971 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Felisberti
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, R. Josué de Castro, PO Box 6154, 13.084-971 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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48
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Veleta KA, Cleveland AH, Babcock BR, He YW, Hwang D, Sokolsky-Papkov M, Gershon TR. Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins BCL-xL and MCL-1 integrate neural progenitor survival and proliferation during postnatal cerebellar neurogenesis. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:1579-1592. [PMID: 33293647 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The tendency of brain cells to undergo apoptosis in response to exogenous events varies across neural development, with apoptotic threshold dependent on proliferation state. Proliferative neural progenitors show a low threshold for apoptosis, while terminally differentiated neurons are relatively refractory. To define the mechanisms linking proliferation and apoptotic threshold, we examined the effect of conditionally deleting Bcl2l1, the gene that codes the antiapoptotic protein BCL-xL, in cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNPs), and of co-deleting Bcl2l1 homologs, antiapoptotic Mcl-1, or pro-apoptotic Bax. We found that cerebella in conditional Bcl2l1-deleted (Bcl-xLcKO) mice were severely hypoplastic due to the increased apoptosis of CGNPs and their differentiated progeny, the cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). Apoptosis was highest as Bcl-xLcKO CGNPs exited the cell cycle to initiate differentiation, with proliferating Bcl-xLcKO CGNPs relatively less affected. Despite the overall reduction in cerebellar growth, SHH-dependent proliferation was prolonged in Bcl-xLcKO mice, as more CGNPs remained proliferative in the second postnatal week. Co-deletion of Bax rescued the Bcl-xLcKO phenotype, while co-deletion of Mcl-1 enhanced the phenotype. These findings show that CGNPs require BCL-xL to regulate BAX-dependent apoptosis, and that this role can be partially compensated by MCL-1. Our data further show that BCL-xL expression regulates MCL-1 abundance in CGNPs, and suggest that excessive MCL-1 in Bcl-xLcKO mice prolongs CGNP proliferation by binding SUFU, resulting in increased SHH pathway activation. Accordingly, we propose that BCL-xL and MCL-1 interact with each other and with developmental mechanisms that regulate proliferation, to adjust the apoptotic threshold as CGNPs progress through postnatal neurogenesis to CGNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Veleta
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Abigail H Cleveland
- UNC Cancer Cell Biology Training Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Benjamin R Babcock
- Department of Neurology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - You-Wen He
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Timothy R Gershon
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. .,Department of Neurology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. .,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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49
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Chountoulesi M, Perinelli DR, Forys A, Bonacucina G, Trzebicka B, Pispas S, Demetzos C. Liquid crystalline nanoparticles for drug delivery: The role of gradient and block copolymers on the morphology, internal organisation and release profile. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 158:21-34. [PMID: 33098976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymers represent one of the main class of stabilizers for non-lamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles, being essential for their formation and stability. In the present study, poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) block copolymers and poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)-grad-poly(2-phenyl-2-oxazoline) (MPOx) gradient copolymers were incorporated as stabilizers in liquid crystalline nanoparticles prepared from glyceryl monooleate. The polymers were chosen according to their high biocompatibility and promising stealth properties, in order to develop safe and efficient drug delivery nanosystems. The physicochemical characteristics and fractal dimension of the resultant nanosystems were obtained from light scattering techniques, while their micropolarity and microfluidity from fluorescence spectroscopy. The effect of temperature, serum proteins and ionic strength on the physicochemical behavior was monitored. Their morphology was assessed by cryo-TEM, while their thermal behavior by microcalorimetry and high-resolution ultrasound spectroscopy. Their properties were dependent on the stabilizer chemistry and topology (block/gradient copolymer) and its concentration. Subsequently, resveratrol, as model hydrophobic drug, was loaded into the nanosystems, the entrapment efficiency was calculated and in vitro release studies were carried out, highlighting how the different stabilizer can differentiate the drug release profile. In conclusion, the proposed copolymers broaden the toolbox of polymeric stabilizers for the development of liquid crystalline nanoparticles intended for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chountoulesi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Diego Romano Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Aleksander Forys
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Giulia Bonacucina
- School of Pharmacy, Via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
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Hwang D, Ramsey JD, Kabanov AV. Polymeric micelles for the delivery of poorly soluble drugs: From nanoformulation to clinical approval. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 156:80-118. [PMID: 32980449 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, polymeric micelles have emerged as a highly promising drug delivery platform for therapeutic compounds. Particularly, poorly soluble small molecules with high potency and significant toxicity were encapsulated in polymeric micelles. Polymeric micelles have shown improved pharmacokinetic profiles in preclinical animal models and enhanced efficacy with a superior safety profile for therapeutic drugs. Several polymeric micelle formulations have reached the clinical stage and are either in clinical trials or are approved for human use. This furthers interest in this field and underscores the need for additional learning of how to best design and apply these micellar carriers to improve the clinical outcomes of many drugs. In this review, we provide detailed information on polymeric micelles for the solubilization of poorly soluble small molecules in topics such as the design of block copolymers, experimental and theoretical analysis of drug encapsulation in polymeric micelles, pharmacokinetics of drugs in polymeric micelles, regulatory approval pathways of nanomedicines, and current outcomes from micelle formulations in clinical trials. We aim to describe the latest information on advanced analytical approaches for elucidating molecular interactions within the core of polymeric micelles for effective solubilization as well as for analyzing nanomedicine's pharmacokinetic profiles. Taking into account the considerations described within, academic and industrial researchers can continue to elucidate novel interactions in polymeric micelles and capitalize on their potential as drug delivery vehicles to help improve therapeutic outcomes in systemic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jacob D Ramsey
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Laboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
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