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Holcomb M, Marshall A, Flinn H, Lozano M, Soriano S, Gomez-Pinilla F, Treangen TJ, Villapol S. Probiotic treatment causes sex-specific neuroprotection after traumatic brain injury in mice. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-4196801. [PMID: 38645104 PMCID: PMC11030542 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4196801/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shed light on the potential role of gut dysbiosis in shaping traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes. Changes in the levels and types of Lactobacillus bacteria present might impact the immune system disturbances, neuroinflammatory responses, anxiety and depressive-like behaviors, and compromised neuroprotection mechanisms triggered by TBI. Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of a daily pan-probiotic (PP) mixture in drinking water containing strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, L. reuteri, L. helveticus, L. fermentum, L. rhamnosus, L. gasseri, and L. casei, administered for either two or seven weeks before inducing TBI on both male and female mice. Methods Mice were subjected to controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analysis was performed for metabolite measurements. The taxonomic profiles of murine fecal samples were evaluated using 16S rRNA V1-V3 sequencing analysis. Histological analyses were used to assess neuroinflammation and gut changes post-TBI, while behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate sensorimotor and cognitive functions. Results Our findings suggest that PP administration modulates the diversity and composition of the microbiome and increases the levels of SCFAs in a sex-dependent manner. We also observed a reduction of lesion volume, cell death, and microglial and macrophage activation after PP treatment following TBI in male mice. Furthermore, PP-treated mice show motor function improvements and decreases in anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. Conclusion Our findings suggest that PP administration can mitigate neuroinflammation and ameliorate motor and anxiety and depressive-like behavior deficits following TBI. These results underscore the potential of probiotic interventions as a viable therapeutic strategy to address TBI-induced impairments, emphasizing the need for gender-specific treatment approaches.
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Fareez IM, Lim SM, Ramasamy K. Chemoprevention by Microencapsulated Lactiplantibacillus Plantarum LAB12 Against Orthotopic Colorectal Cancer Mice is Associated with Apoptosis and Anti-angiogenesis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:99-112. [PMID: 36508139 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-10020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with gut dysbiosis that is attributed to unhealthy lifestyles and dietary habits. Consumption of microencapsulated probiotics may potentially restore the gut microbiota in favour of prevention against CRC. This study determined the fate of microencapsulated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly known as Lactobacillus plantarum) LAB12 in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and assessed the chemopreventive effect of microencapsulated L. plantarum LAB12 in vivo. The targeted release of L. plantarum LAB12 from Alg-based microcapsules at the stomach, ileum, caecum and colon of Sprague-Dawley rats was examined by confocal microscopy and qPCR. Microcapsules loaded with L. plantarum LAB12 remained intact in the stomach. Free L. plantarum LAB12 were present in abundance (> 7 log CFU) only in the intestines. Subsequently, the chemopreventive properties of microencapsulated L. plantarum LAB12 were validated against NU/NU nude mice bearing orthotopic transplanted CT-26 CRC (12 female mice; 4-6 weeks old; 20-22 g; n = 6/group). Orthotopic mice pre-supplemented with microencapsulated L. plantarum LAB12 (10 log CFU kg-1 BW for 11 weeks) were presented with significantly (p < 0.05) reduced tumour volume (- 98.87%) and weight (- 89.27%) when compared to control. Western blots indicated that the chemopreventive effect could be attributed to apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis mediated, at least in part, through upregulation of tumour suppressor p53 (+ 45.4%) and pro-apoptotic caspase-3 (+ 82.4%), and downregulation of pro-inflammatory COX-2 (- 57.9%), pro-angiogenic VEGF (- 66.8%) and PECAM-1 (-64.1%). Altogether, this study strongly implied the possibility of having L. plantarum LAB12-loaded microcapsules safely incorporated into food and nutraceutical products for prevention against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail M Fareez
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Darul Ehsan, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Siong Meng Lim
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Darul Ehsan, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Darul Ehsan, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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3
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Zhu M, Benson AB. An update on pharmacotherapies for colorectal cancer: 2023 and beyond. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:91-99. [PMID: 38224000 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2304654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers worldwide. The treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is difficult, and mCRC has a survival rate of only 13-17% compared with 70-90% in locoregional CRC. There is ongoing research effort on pharmacotherapy for CRC to improve the treatment outcome. AREAS COVERED We reviewed the current literature and ongoing clinical trials on CRC pharmacotherapy, with a focus on targeted therapy based on the results of genetic testing. The pharmacotherapies covered in this article include novel agents targeting EGFR and EGFR-related pathways, agents targeting the VEGF pathway, immunotherapy options depending on the MMR/MSI status, and new therapies targeting genetic fusions such as NTRK. We also briefly discuss the value of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in treatment selection and response monitoring. EXPERT OPINION We advocate for the early and routine use of NGS to genetically characterize CRC to assist with pharmacotherapy selection. Targeted therapy is a promising field of ongoing research and improves CRC treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengou Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Al B Benson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Mima K, Hamada T, Inamura K, Baba H, Ugai T, Ogino S. The microbiome and rise of early-onset cancers: knowledge gaps and research opportunities. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2269623. [PMID: 37902043 PMCID: PMC10730181 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2269623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates an alarming increase in the incidence of early-onset cancers, which are diagnosed among adults under 50 years of age, in the colorectum, esophagus, extrahepatic bile duct, gallbladder, liver, stomach, pancreas, as well as the bone marrow (multiple myeloma), breast, head and neck, kidney, prostate, thyroid, and uterine corpus (endometrium). While the early-onset cancer studies have encompassed research on the wide variety of organs, this article focuses on research on digestive system cancers. While a minority of early-onset cancers in the digestive system are associated with cancer-predisposing high penetrance germline genetic variants, the majority of those cancers are sporadic and multifactorial. Although potential etiological roles of diets, lifestyle, environment, and the microbiome from early life to adulthood (i.e. in one's life course) have been hypothesized, exact contribution of each of these factors remains uncertain. Diets, lifestyle patterns, and environmental exposures have been shown to alter the oral and intestinal microbiome. To address the rising trend of early-onset cancers, transdisciplinary research approaches including lifecourse epidemiology and molecular pathological epidemiology frameworks, nutritional and environmental sciences, multi-omics technologies, etc. are needed. We review current evidence and discuss emerging research opportunities, which can improve our understanding of their etiologies and help us design better strategies for prevention and treatment to reduce the cancer burden in populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Mima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Medicine, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Inamura
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cancer Immunology Program, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
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Pan Y, Lv H, Feng X, Zhou S, Hu H, Chen S, Cheng Y, Fan F, Gong S, Chen P, Chu Q. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) alleviates the inflammatory response and recovers oral microbiota in acetic acid-induced oral inflammation mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:10069-10082. [PMID: 37867423 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03107a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The oral microbiota, the second largest microbiome in the human body, plays an integral role in maintaining both the local oral and systemic health of the host. Oral microecological imbalances have been identified as a potential risk factor for numerous oral and systemic diseases. As a representative component of tea, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has demonstrated inhibitory effects on most pathogens in single-microbial models. In this study, the regulatory effect of EGCG on more complex oral microbial systems was further explored through a mouse model of acetic acid-induced oral inflammation. Acetic acid induces histological damage in the cheek pouch, tongue, and throat, such as broken mucosa, submucosal edema, and muscular disorders. These detrimental effects were ameliorated significantly following EGCG treatment. Additionally, EGCG reduced the levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α to alleviate the inflammation of the tongue, cheek pouch, and throat. According to the 16S rDNA gene sequencing data, EGCG treatment contributed to increased diversity of the oral microbiota and the reversal of oral microecological disorder. This study demonstrates the regulatory effect of EGCG on dysregulated oral microbiota, providing a potential option for the prevention and treatment of oral-microbiota-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Pan
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Helin Lv
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xinyu Feng
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Su Zhou
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Hao Hu
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shuxi Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yan Cheng
- Hangzhou Real Taste Tea Culture Development Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Fangyuan Fan
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Shuying Gong
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Ping Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qiang Chu
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Pal P, Shastry RP. Exploring the complex role of gut microbiome in the development of precision medicine strategies for targeting microbial imbalance-induced colon cancer. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2023; 68:691-701. [PMID: 37624549 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome has been increasingly recognized as a key player in the development and progression of colon cancer. Alterations in the gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, can lead to a variety of medical issues. Microbial adaptation through signals and small molecules can enhance pathogen colonization and modulate host immunity, significantly impacting disease progression. Quorum sensing peptides and molecules have been linked to the progression of colon cancer. Various interventions, such as fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and antibiotics, have been used to reverse dysbiosis with mixed results and potential side effects. Thus, a personalized approach to treatment selection based on patient characteristics, such as individual gut microbiota manipulation, is necessary to prevent and treat diseases like colon cancer. With advances in metagenomic sequencing and other omics technologies, there has been a growing interest in developing precision medicine strategies for microbial imbalance-induced colon cancer. This review serves as a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on the gut microbiome involvement in colon cancer. By exploring the potential of utilizing the gut microbiome as a target for precision medicine, this review underscores the exciting opportunities that lie ahead. Although challenges exist, the integration of microbiome data into precision medicine approaches has the potential to revolutionize the management of colon cancer, providing patients with more personalized and effective treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Pal
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Yenepoya Research Centre, University Road, Mangaluru-575018, India
| | - Rajesh P Shastry
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Yenepoya Research Centre, University Road, Mangaluru-575018, India.
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Bowen MB, Helmink BA, Wargo JA, Yates MS. TIME for Bugs: The Immune Microenvironment and Microbes in Precancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2023; 16:497-505. [PMID: 37428011 PMCID: PMC10542944 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-23-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Major advances in our understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in established cancer have been made, including the influence of host-intrinsic (host genomics) and -extrinsic factors (such as diet and the microbiome) on treatment response. Nonetheless, the immune and microbiome milieu across the spectrum of precancerous tissue and early neoplasia is a growing area of interest. There are emerging data describing the contribution of the immune microenvironment and microbiota on benign and premalignant tissues, with opportunities to target these factors in cancer prevention and interception. Throughout this review, we provide rationale for not only the critical need to further elucidate the premalignant immune microenvironment, but also for the utility of pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions to alter the immune microenvironment of early lesions to reverse carcinogenesis. Novel research methodologies, such as implementing spatial transcriptomics and proteomics, in combination with innovative sampling methods will advance precision targeting of the premalignant immune microenvironment. Additional studies defining the continuum of immune and microbiome evolution, which emerges in parallel with tumor development, will provide novel opportunities for cancer interception at the earliest steps in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikayla Borthwick Bowen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Beth A Helmink
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Melinda S Yates
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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Wang J, Huang M, Du Y, Chen H, Li Z, Zhai T, Ou Z, Huang Y, Bu F, Zhen H, Pan R, Wang Y, Zhao X, Situ B, Zheng L, Hu X. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Regulates Host IFN-I Through the RIG-I Signalling Pathway to Inhibit Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10137-8. [PMID: 37624569 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Numerous recent studies have demonstrated that the commensal microbiota plays an important role in host immunity against infections. During the infection process, viruses can exhibit substantial and close interactions with the commensal microbiota. However, the associated mechanism remains largely unknown. Therefore, in this study, we explored the specific mechanisms by which the commensal microbiota modulates host immunity against viral infections. We found that the expression levels of type I interferon (IFN-I) and antiviral priming were significantly downregulated following the depletion of the commensal microbiota due to treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics (ABX). In addition, we confirmed a unique molecular mechanism underlying the induction of IFN-I mediated by the commensal microbiota. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) can suppress herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection by inducing IFN-I expression via the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) signalling pathway. Therefore, the commensal microbiota-induced production of IFN-I provides a potential therapeutic approach to combat viral infections. Altogether, understanding the complexity and the molecular aspects linking the commensal microbiota to health will help provide the basis for novel therapies already being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoming Chen
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixiong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taiyu Zhai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Ou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyi Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Bu
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haojun Zhen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoru Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubing Wang
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Situ
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiumei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Jing N, Wang L, Zhuang H, Jiang G, Liu Z. Enhancing therapeutic effects of murine cancer vaccine by reshaping gut microbiota with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and jujube powder. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1195075. [PMID: 37435064 PMCID: PMC10332846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1195075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer vaccines have gained widespread attention in recent years as an emerging treatment for tumors. However, most therapeutic cancer vaccines have failed in phase III clinical trials due to faint clinical benefits. In this study, we funded that a specific synbiotic composing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and jujube powder significantly enhanced the therapeutic effects of whole cells cancer vaccine in MC38 cancer cells bearing-mouse. The utilization of LGG increased the abundance of Muribaculaceae, which is conductive to an enhanced anti-tumor effect, but reduced microbial α-diversity. The use of jujube nursed probiotic microorganisms in Lachnospiaceae and enriched microbial diversity, as indicated by increased Shannon and Chao index. The reshaped gut microbiota by this synbiotic improved lipid metabolism conductive to intensified infiltration of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment and enhanced the potency of above-mentioned cancer vaccine. These encouraging findings are helpful for further efforts towards enhancing the therapeutic effects of cancer vaccines through nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jing
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Luoyang Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huiren Zhuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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10
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Khaleghi M, Khorrami S, Jafari-Nasab T. Pediococcus acidilactici isolated from traditional cheese as a potential probiotic with cytotoxic activity against doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 cells. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:170. [PMID: 37188290 PMCID: PMC10169992 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03597-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The considerable flexibility of cancerous cells to escape from chemical and biological drugs makes it clear that much is to be done to control and eliminate such cells. Probiotic bacteria, in this regard, have shown promising performance. In this study, we isolated and characterized lactic acid bacteria from traditional cheese. Then we evaluated their activity against doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/DOX) through MTT assay, Annexin V/PI protocol, real-time PCR, and western blotting. Among the isolates, one strain with more than 97% similarity with Pediococcus acidilactici showed considerable probiotics properties. Low pH, high bile salts, and NaCl could not significantly affect this strain while it was susceptible to antibiotics. Also, it had a potent antibacterial activity. Besides, the cell-free supernatant of this strain (CFS) significantly reduced the viability of MCF-7 and MCF-7/DOX cancerous cells (to about 10% and 25%, respectively), while it was safe for normal cells. Also, we found that CFS could regulate the Bax/Bcl-2 at mRNA and protein levels to induce apoptosis in drug-resistant cells. We determined 75% early apoptosis, 10% late apoptosis, and 15% necrosis in the cells treated with the CFS. These findings can accelerate the development of probiotics as promising alternative treatments to overcome drug-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moj Khaleghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sadegh Khorrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Jafari-Nasab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the commonest cancers globally. A unique aspect of CRC is its intimate association with the gut microbiota, which forms an essential part of the tumour microenvironment. Research over the past decade has established that dysbiosis of gut bacteria, fungi, viruses and Archaea accompanies colorectal tumorigenesis, and these changes might be causative. Data from mechanistic studies demonstrate the ability of the gut microbiota to interact with the colonic epithelia and immune cells of the host via the release of a diverse range of metabolites, proteins and macromolecules that regulate CRC development. Preclinical and some clinical evidence also underscores the role of the gut microbiota in modifying the therapeutic responses of patients with CRC to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the role of gut microbiota in CRC and outline the potential translational and clinical implications for CRC diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Emphasis is placed on how the gut microbiota could now be better harnessed by developing targeted microbial therapeutics as chemopreventive agents against colorectal tumorigenesis, as adjuvants for chemotherapy and immunotherapy to boost drug efficacy and safety, and as non-invasive biomarkers for CRC screening and patient stratification. Finally, we highlight the hurdles and potential solutions to translating our knowledge of the gut microbiota into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chun Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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12
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Amin M, Navidifar T, Saeb S, Barzegari E, Jamalan M. Tumor-targeted induction of intrinsic apoptosis in colon cancer cells by Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5345-5354. [PMID: 37155013 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08445-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the widespread and lethal types of malignancies. Recently, antineoplastic attributes of probiotics have attracted lots of attention. Here, we investigated anti-proliferative potential of the non-pathogenic strains Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14,917 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 on human colorectal adenocarcinoma-originated Caco-2 cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Caco-2 and HUVEC control cells were treated with ethyl acetate extracts of the two Lactobacillus strains to assess cell viability by MTT assay. Annexin/PI staining flow cytometry, and caspase-3, -8 and - 9 activity assays were performed to determine the type of cell death induced in extract-treated cells. Expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were evaluated by RT-PCR. Extracts from both L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus specifically targeted the Caco-2 cells and not HUVEC controls, and significantly affected the viability of the colon cancer cell line in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This effect was shown to occur through activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, as indicated by the increased caspase-3 and - 9 activities. While there are limited and conflicting data about the mechanisms underlying the specific antineoplastic attributes of Lactobacillus strains, we clarified the overall induced mechanism. The Lactobacillus extracts specifically down-regulated the expression of the anti-apoptotic bcl-2 and bcl-xl, and simultaneously up-regulated the pro-apoptotic bak, bad, and bax genes in treated Caco-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Ethyl acetate extracts of L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus strains could be considered as targeted anti-cancer treatments specifically inducing the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in colorectal tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Amin
- Department of Microbiology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Navidifar
- Department of Microbiology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sholeh Saeb
- Department of Microbiology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Barzegari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mostafa Jamalan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
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13
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Kwon C, Ediriweera MK, Kim Cho S. Interplay between Phytochemicals and the Colonic Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081989. [PMID: 37111207 PMCID: PMC10145007 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals are natural compounds found in food ingredients with a variety of health-promoting properties. Phytochemicals improve host health through their direct systematic absorption into the circulation and modulation of the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota increases the bioactivity of phytochemicals and is a symbiotic partner whose composition and/or diversity is altered by phytochemicals and affects host health. In this review, the interactions of phytochemicals with the gut microbiota and their impact on human diseases are reviewed. We describe the role of intestinal microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, amino acid derivatives, and vitamins, from a therapeutic perspective. Next, phytochemical metabolites produced by the gut microbiota and the therapeutic effect of some selected metabolites are reviewed. Many phytochemicals are degraded by enzymes unique to the gut microbiota and act as signaling molecules in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and metabolic pathways. Phytochemicals can ameliorate diseases by altering the composition and/or diversity of the gut microbiota, and they increase the abundance of some gut microbiota that produce beneficial substances. We also discuss the importance of investigating the interactions between phytochemicals and gut microbiota in controlled human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chohee Kwon
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Graduate School of Industry, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Meran Keshawa Ediriweera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 008, Sri Lanka
| | - Somi Kim Cho
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Graduate School of Industry, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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14
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Liu Y, Niu L, Li N, Wang Y, Liu M, Su X, Bao X, Yin B, Shen S. Bacterial-Mediated Tumor Therapy: Old Treatment in a New Context. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2205641. [PMID: 36908053 PMCID: PMC10131876 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have brought hopes for precision cancer treatment. However, complex physiological barriers and tumor immunosuppression result in poor efficacy, side effects, and resistance to antitumor therapies. Bacteria-mediated antitumor therapy provides new options to address these challenges. Thanks to their special characteristics, bacteria have excellent ability to destroy tumor cells from the inside and induce innate and adaptive antitumor immune responses. Furthermore, bacterial components, including bacterial vesicles, spores, toxins, metabolites, and other active substances, similarly inherit their unique targeting properties and antitumor capabilities. Bacteria and their accessory products can even be reprogrammed to produce and deliver antitumor agents according to clinical needs. This review first discusses the role of different bacteria in the development of tumorigenesis and the latest advances in bacteria-based delivery platforms and the existing obstacles for application. Moreover, the prospect and challenges of clinical transformation of engineered bacteria are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repairand Regeneration of Ministry of EducationOrthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano ScienceTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200092P. R. China
- Pharmacy Department and Center for Medical Research and InnovationShanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghai201399China
| | - Lili Niu
- Central LaboratoryFirst Affiliated HospitalInstitute (College) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Nannan Li
- Central LaboratoryFirst Affiliated HospitalInstitute (College) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Yang Wang
- Central LaboratoryFirst Affiliated HospitalInstitute (College) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General SurgeryThe First Hospital of China Medical University155 North Nanjing Street, Heping DistrictShenyang110001China
| | - Xiaomin Su
- Central LaboratoryFirst Affiliated HospitalInstitute (College) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Xuhui Bao
- Institute for Therapeutic Cancer VaccinesFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghai201399China
| | - Bo Yin
- Institute for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines and Department of OncologyFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghai201399China
| | - Shun Shen
- Pharmacy Department and Center for Medical Research and InnovationShanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghai201399China
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15
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Rychter AM, Łykowska-Szuber L, Zawada A, Szymczak-Tomczak A, Ratajczak AE, Skoracka K, Kolan M, Dobrowolska A, Krela-Kaźmierczak I. Why Does Obesity as an Inflammatory Condition Predispose to Colorectal Cancer? J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072451. [PMID: 37048534 PMCID: PMC10094909 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex and multifactorial problem of global importance. Additionally, obesity causes chronic inflammation, upregulates cell growth, disturbs the immune system, and causes genomic instability, increasing the risk of carcinogenesis. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers, and it has become a global problem. In 2018, there were around 1.8 million new cases and around 881,000 deaths worldwide. Another risk factor of colorectal cancer associated with obesity is poor diet. A Western diet, including a high intake of red and processed meat and a low consumption of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and fiber, may increase the risk of both colorectal cancer and obesity. Moreover, the Western diet is associated with a proinflammatory profile diet, which may also affect chronic low-grade inflammation. In fact, people with obesity often present gut dysbiosis, increased inflammation, and risk of colorectal cancer. In this article, the association between obesity and colorectal cancer is discussed, including the most important mechanisms, such as low-grade chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis, and poor diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Rychter
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Liliana Łykowska-Szuber
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zawada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Alicja Ewa Ratajczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kinga Skoracka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michalina Kolan
- Faculty of Medicine Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dobrowolska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
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Salemi R, Vivarelli S, Ricci D, Scillato M, Santagati M, Gattuso G, Falzone L, Libra M. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG cell-free supernatant as a novel anti-cancer adjuvant. J Transl Med 2023; 21:195. [PMID: 36918929 PMCID: PMC10015962 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota modulation has been demonstrated to be effective in protecting patients against detrimental effects of anti-cancer therapies, as well as to improve the efficacy of certain anti-cancer treatments. Among the most characterized probiotics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is currently utilized in clinics to alleviate diarrhea, mucositis or intestinal damage which might be associated with several triggers, including Clostridium difficile infections, inflammatory gut diseases, antibiotic consumption, chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Here, we investigate whether LGG cell-free supernatant (LGG-SN) might exert anti-proliferative activity toward colon cancer and metastatic melanoma cells. Moreover, we assess the potential adjuvant effect of LGG-SN in combination with anti-cancer drugs. METHODS LGG-SN alone or in combination with either 5-Fuorouracil and Irinotecan was used to treat human colon and human melanoma cancer cell lines. Dimethylimidazol-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was employed to detect cellular viability. Trypan blue staining, anti-cleaved caspase-3 and anti-total versus anti-cleaved PARP western blots, and annexin V/propidium iodide flow cytometry analyses were used to assess cell death. Flow cytometry measurement of cellular DNA content (with propidium iodide staining) together with qPCR analysis of cyclins expression were used to assess cell cycle. RESULTS We demonstrate that LGG-SN is able to selectively reduce the viability of cancer cells in a concentration-dependent way. While LGG-SN does not exert any anti-proliferative activity on control fibroblasts. In cancer cells, the reduction in viability is not associated with apoptosis induction, but with a mitotic arrest in the G2/M phase of cell cycle. Additionally, LGG-SN sensitizes cancer cells to both 5-Fluorouracil and Irinotecan, thereby showing a positive synergistic action. CONCLUSION Overall, our results suggest that LGG-SN may contain one or more bioactive molecules with anti-cancer activity which sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Thus, LGG could be proposed as an ideal candidate for ground-breaking integrated approaches to be employed in oncology, to reduce chemotherapy-related side effects and overcome resistance or relapse issues, thus ameliorating the therapeutic response in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Salemi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of General Pathology, Clinics and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Silvia Vivarelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of General Pathology, Clinics and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Daria Ricci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of General Pathology, Clinics and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marina Scillato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Microbiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Santagati
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Microbiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gattuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of General Pathology, Clinics and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Falzone
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of General Pathology, Clinics and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. .,Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Budu O, Banciu CD, Soica C, Lighezan DF, Milan A, Prodea A, Mioc A, Mioc M, Mardale G, Sima L. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus—A Promising Tool for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Processes (Basel) 2023; 11:781. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic strains such as Lactobacillus spp. are already known for their beneficial effect on human health and new research supports their role in colon cancer prevention and treatment. The current study reports the effect of different concentrations of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (LGG, 106–109 CFU/mL), alone or in association with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 10 μM), tested against normal HaCaT cells, HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma and HCT-116 colorectal carcinoma cell lines. The underlying cytotoxic effect was further investigated. LGG treatment of HT-29 and HCT-116 cells caused a variety of apoptotic-related nuclear morphological changes, as revealed by DAPI staining. ELISA studies showed that LGG treatment increased caspase-3 activity and pro-apoptotic BAX protein levels while decreasing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein levels and the proto-oncogene Cyclin D1. A more detailed examination of the mitochondrial function revealed that high concentrations of LGG can impair mitochondrial function in HT-29 and HCT-116 cancer cells. All of these findings suggest that LGG has a pro-apoptotic, mitochondrial-targeted, cytotoxic effect on both colon cancer cell lines studied.
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18
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Debasmita D, Ghosh SS, Chattopadhyay A. Living Gut Bacteria Functionalized with Gold Nanoclusters and Drug for Facile Cancer Theranostics. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:628-639. [PMID: 36651899 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Bacbots are potent self-propelling vehicles for targeted therapy that can be guided by chemical and biochemical stimuli of the host. In addition, they can be guided externally by the use of magnetic field or other physical forces. The challenge is to incorporate drugs and diagnostic tools in living bacteria with retention of theranostic activity until reaching the targets and easy clearance of the remainder following the treatment. We report that living Lactobacillus rhamnosus, when functionalized with photoluminescent Au nanoclusters and the anticancer drug methotrexate, was cytotoxic to monolayer and spheroids of cancer cells (HeLa and HT29) even at a low dose of bacteria used (107 cfu/mL). The observed cell death was nearly 90% in HeLa spheroids and 70% in HT29 spheroids. Further, functionalization of the bacterial surface with the nanoclusters helped incorporate the drug onto their cell surfaces. The drug and nanocluster-loaded bacteria annihilated the cells and the spheroids in a rather short time (6 h) that revealed the specificity and effectiveness of the bacbots. The bacbots exhibited synergistic toxicity on the cells as their effect was more than the drug and the bacteria individually. This higher toxicity could be associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species generated in the bacbot-treated cells. The multifunctional bacbots reported here provide an option for guided therapy with the natural variant of the human gut-friendly living bacteria without the need for attenuation or genetic modification.
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19
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Guo H, Yu L, Tian F, Chen W, Zhai Q. The Potential Therapeutic Role of Lactobacillaceae rhamnosus for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Foods 2023; 12. [PMID: 36832767 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous group of diseases associated with chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract, and is highly prevalent worldwide. Although its origin is not yet fully understood, new evidence emphasizes that environmental factors, especially dietary factors and intestinal microbiota disorders are key triggers of IBD. Probiotics, such as Lactobacillaceae spp., play an essential role in human health as they exert beneficial effects on the composition of the human gastrointestinal microbial community and immune system. Probiotic-based therapies have been shown to be effective in alleviating IBD. Among these, Lactobacillaceae rhamnosus is one of the most widely used strains. L. rhamnosus is widely present in the intestines of healthy individuals; it regulates the intestinal immune system and reduces inflammation through a variety of mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to identify scientific evidence related to L. rhamnosus and IBD, review and summarize the results, and discuss the possible mechanisms of action as a starting point for future research on IBD treatment.
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20
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Pandey H, Tang DWT, Wong SH, Lal D. Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer: Biological Role and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030866. [PMID: 36765824 PMCID: PMC9913759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While CRC is thought to be an interplay between genetic and environmental factors, several lines of evidence suggest the involvement of gut microbiota in promoting inflammation and tumor progression. Gut microbiota refer to the ~40 trillion microorganisms that inhabit the human gut. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies and metagenomics have provided new insights into the gut microbial ecology and have helped in linking gut microbiota to CRC. Many studies carried out in humans and animal models have emphasized the role of certain gut bacteria, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and colibactin-producing Escherichia coli, in the onset and progression of CRC. Metagenomic studies have opened up new avenues for the application of gut microbiota in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CRC. This review article summarizes the role of gut microbiota in CRC development and its use as a biomarker to predict the disease and its potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Pandey
- Redcliffe Labs, Electronic City, Noida 201301, India
| | - Daryl W. T. Tang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Centre for Microbiome Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Correspondence: (S.H.W.); (D.L.)
| | - Devi Lal
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Correspondence: (S.H.W.); (D.L.)
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Abstract
Probiotics are known as the live microorganisms that, upon adequate administration, elicit a health beneficial response inside the host. The probiotics are known as immunomodulators and exhibit anti-tumor properties. Advanced research has explored the potential use of probiotics as the oral vaccines without the latent risks of pathogenicity. Probiotic-based oral vaccines are known to induce mucosal immunity that prevents the host from several enteric infections. Probiotic bacteria have the ability to produce metabolites in the form of anti-inflammatory cytokines, which play an important role in the prevention of carcinogenesis and in the activation of the phagocytes that eliminate the preliminary stage cancer cells. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using the oral probiotic vaccines as well as the mechanism of action of probiotics in colon cancer therapy. This review also employs the use of “PROBIO” database for selecting certain probiotics with immunomodulatory properties. Furthermore, the use of several probiotic bacteria as anti-colon cancer adjuvants has also been discussed in detail. Because the current studies and trials are more focused on using the attenuated pathogens instead of using the probiotic-based vaccines, future studies must involve the advanced research in exploiting the potential of several probiotic strains as adjuvants in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhi Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Manisha Singh
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Smriti Gaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
- *Correspondence: Smriti Gaur,
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Wu Y, Pei C, Wang X, Wang Y, Huang D, Shi S, Shen Z, Li S, He Y, Wang Z, Wang J. Probiotics ameliorates pulmonary inflammation via modulating gut microbiota and rectifying Th17/Treg imbalance in a rat model of PM2.5 induced lung injury. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 244:114060. [PMID: 36115151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The imbalance of intestinal microbiota and inflammatory response is crucial in the development of lung injury induced by PM2.5. In recent years, probiotics have attracted great attention for their health benefits in inflammatory diseases and regulating intestinal balance, but their intricate mechanisms need further experiments to elucidate. In our research, a rat lung damage model induced by PM2.5 exposure in real environment was established to explore the protective properties of probiotics on PM2.5 exposure injury and its related mechanism. The results indicated that compared with the AF control group, rats in the PM2.5 group gained weight slowly, ate less and had yellow hair. The results of pathological and immunohistochemical examinations showed that the inflammatory infiltration of lung tissue was alleviated after probiotic treatment. The Lung function results also showed the improvement effects of probiotics administration. In addition, probiotics could promote the balance of Th17 and Treg cells, inhibit cytokines expression (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17A), and increase the concentration of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10, TGF-β). In addition, 16 S rRNA sequence analysis showed that probiotic treatment could reduce microbiota abundance and diversity, increase the abundance of possible beneficial bacteria, and decrease the abundance of bacteria associated with inflammation. In general, probiotic intervention was found to have preventive effects on the occurrence of PM2.5 induced pathological injury, and the mechanism was associate with to the inhibition of inflammatory response, regulation of Th17/Treg balance and maintenance of intestinal internal environment stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcan Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Caixia Pei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Yilan Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Demei Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Shihua Shi
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Zherui Shen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Shuiqin Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Yacong He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China.
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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23
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Quazi S. Anti-cancer activity of human gastrointestinal bacteria. Med Oncol 2022; 39:220. [PMID: 36175586 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Malignant neoplasm is one of the most incurable diseases among inflammatory diseases. Researchers have been studying for decades to win over this lethal disease and provide the light of hope to humankind. The gastrointestinal bacteria of human hold a complex ecosystem and maintain homeostasis. One hundred trillion microbes are residing in the gastrointestinal tract of human. Disturbances in the microbiota of human's gastrointestinal tract can create immune response against inflammation and also can develop diseases, including cancer. The bacteria of the gastrointestinal tract of human can secrete a variety of metabolites and bioproducts which aid in the preservation of homeostasis in the host and gut. During pathogenic dysbiosis, on the other hand, numerous microbiota subpopulations may increase and create excessive levels of toxins, which can cause inflammation and cancer. Furthermore, the immune system of host and the epithelium cell can be influenced by gut microbiota. Probiotics, which are bacteria that live in the gut, have been protected against tumor formation. Probiotics are now studied to see if they can help fight dysbiosis in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy because of their capacity to maintain gut homeostasis. Countless numbers of gut bacteria have demonstrated anti-cancer efficiency in cancer treatment, prevention, and boosting the efficiency of immunotherapy. The review article has briefly explained the anti-cancer immunity of gut microbes and their application in treating a variety of cancer. This review paper also highlights the pre-clinical studies of probiotics against cancer and the completed and ongoing clinical trials on cancers with the two most common and highly effective probiotics Lactobacillus and Bacillus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Quazi
- GenLab Biosolutions Private Limited, Bangalore, 560043, Karnataka, India.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
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Zhang Y, Zhang C, Zhu S, Wang J, Li H, Liu X. Identification and characterization of soybean peptides and their fractions used by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Lra05. Food Chem 2022; 401:134195. [PMID: 36116301 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Soybean peptides were reported to promote the growth and metabolism of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) Lra05. However, the relationship between L. rhamnosus Lra05 and the characteristics of soybean peptides is still unclear. Therefore, digested soybean peptides (dPEP) after 36 h utilization by L. rhamnosus Lra05 were identified and analyzed. We found that L. rhamnosus Lra05 tends to utilize hydrophobic peptides with three to five amino acids residues, and hydrophilic peptides with more than five residues. They also prefer peptides with proline at penultimate C-terminal position or arginine at ultimate C-terminal position. Moreover, fraction 1 (F1) and fraction 7 (F7) acquired from dPEP using RP-HPLC exhibited the strongest growth and metabolism promoting effects, and the utilized characteristics of F1 and F7 were similar with those of dPEP. These results explained why soybean peptides could promote L. rhamnosus to some extent and strengthen theoretical basis for the application of soybean peptides as potential prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxiao Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China1
| | - Chi Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China1.
| | - Shuya Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China1
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China1
| | - He Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China1
| | - Xinqi Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China1.
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Campagnoli LIM, Marchesi N, Vairetti M, Pascale A, Ferrigno A, Barbieri A. Age-Related NAFLD: The Use of Probiotics as a Supportive Therapeutic Intervention. Cells 2022; 11:2827. [PMID: 36139402 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human aging, a natural process characterized by structural and physiological changes, leads to alterations of homeostatic mechanisms, decline of biological functions, and subsequently, the organism becomes vulnerable to external stress or damage. In fact, the elderly population is prone to develop diseases due to deterioration of physiological and biological systems. With aging, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increases, and this causes lipid, protein, and DNA damage, leading to cellular dysfunction and altered cellular processes. Indeed, oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of several chronic disorders, including hepatic diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD, the most common liver disorder in the Western world, is characterized by intrahepatic lipid accumulation; is highly prevalent in the aging population; and is closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Among the risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, the dysbiotic gut microbiota plays an essential role, leading to low-grade chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and production of various toxic metabolites. The intestinal microbiota is a dynamic ecosystem of microbes involved in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis; the alteration of its composition and function, during aging, is implicated in different liver diseases. Therefore, gut microbiota restoration might be a complementary approach for treating NAFLD. The administration of probiotics, which can relieve oxidative stress and elicit several anti-aging properties, could be a strategy to modify the composition and restore a healthy gut microbiota. Indeed, probiotics could represent a valid supplement to prevent and/or help treating some diseases, such as NAFLD, thus improving the already available pharmacological intervention. Moreover, in aging, intervention of prebiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, as well as probiotics, will provide novel therapeutic approaches. However, the relevant research is limited, and several scientific research works need to be done in the near future to confirm their efficacy.
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Kapsetaki SE, Marquez Alcaraz G, Maley CC, Whisner CM, Aktipis A. Diet, Microbes, and Cancer Across the Tree of Life: a Systematic Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:508-525. [PMID: 35704266 PMCID: PMC9197725 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00420-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cancers are a leading cause of death in humans and for many other species. Diet has often been associated with cancers, and the microbiome is an essential mediator between diet and cancers. Here, we review the work on cancer and the microbiome across species to search for broad patterns of susceptibility associated with different microbial species. RECENT FINDINGS Some microbes, such as Helicobacter bacteria, papillomaviruses, and the carnivore-associated Fusobacteria, consistently induce tumorigenesis in humans and other species. Other microbes, such as the milk-associated Lactobacillus, consistently inhibit tumorigenesis in humans and other species. We systematically reviewed over a thousand published articles and identified links between diet, microbes, and cancers in several species of mammals, birds, and flies. Future work should examine a larger variety of host species to discover new model organisms for human preclinical trials, to better understand the observed variance in cancer prevalence across species, and to discover which microbes and diets are associated with cancers across species. Ultimately, this could help identify microbial and dietary interventions to diagnose, prevent, and treat cancers in humans as well as other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania E Kapsetaki
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Biodesign Center for Biocomputing, Security and Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA.
| | - Gissel Marquez Alcaraz
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Center for Biocomputing, Security and Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Carlo C Maley
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Center for Biocomputing, Security and Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Corrie M Whisner
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Athena Aktipis
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Segers C, Mysara M, Coolkens A, Baatout S, Leys N, Lebeer S, Verslegers M, Mastroleo F. Limnospira indica PCC 8005 or Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Dietary Supplementation Modulate the Gut Microbiome in Mice. Appl Microbiol 2022; 2:636-50. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol2030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While dietary supplements can have beneficial effects on the health of the intestine, these effects can come with unresolved issues in terms of therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of action. In this study, the model probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 and the anciently used dietary supplement Limnospira indica strain PCC 8005 were compared for their effects on murine intestinal ecology. Healthy male mice received either saline or suspensions of living cells of L. indica PCC 8005 or L. rhamnosus GG daily along a two-week intervention period, followed by a two-week washout period. Both bacteria-based solutions appeared able to transiently shift the microbial community, which were characterized by a higher relative abundance of members of the butyrate producing Lachnospiraceae and Porphyromonadaceae families.
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Yalçınkaya S, Yalçın Azarkan S, Karahan Çakmakçı AG. Determination of the effect of L. plantarum AB6-25, L. plantarum MK55 and S. boulardii T8-3C microorganisms on colon, cervix, and breast cancer cell lines: Molecular docking, and molecular dynamics study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ali A, Ara A, Kashyap MK. Gut microbiota: Role and Association with Tumorigenesis in Different Malignancies. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8087-8107. [PMID: 35543828 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The microbiota has been associated with different cancer and may vary from patient to patient. A specific microbial strain can alter the progression of cancer and therapeutic outcome in response to anti-cancer therapy. The variations in microbiota contributed due to the individual microbiome of the microorganism are responsible for diverse clinical outcomes. The expansion of microbiota subpopulation during dysbiosis can lead to toxin production, inducing inflammation and cancer. The microbiota can be a dual-edged sword because it can be tumor-suppressive or oncogenic in the case of the gut. The transition of cancer cells from early to late-stage also impacts the composition of the microbiota, and this alteration could change the behavior of cancer. Multi-omics platforms derived data from an individual's multi-dimensional data (DNA, mRNA, microRNA, protein, metabolite, microbiota, and microbiome), i.e., individualome, to exploit it for personalized tailored treatment for different cancers in a precise manner. A number of studies suggest the importance of microbiota and its add-in suitability to existing treatment options for different malignancies. Furthermore, in vitro, and in vivo studies and cancer clinical trials suggest that probiotics have driven modulation of gut microbiota and other sites discourage the aggressive behavior and progression of different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altamas Ali
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A central University), Jamia Nagar, 110025, New Delhi, India
| | - Anam Ara
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A central University), Jamia Nagar, 110025, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Kashyap
- Amity Stem Cell Institute/Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley, Panchgaon (Manesar), Gurugram, HR, 122413, India.
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Wei L, Duan L, Zhao H, Tai J. Role of a mixed probiotic product, VSL#3, in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2022;:175152. [PMID: 35835181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease. The incidence of this type of cancer in younger patients has increased in recent years, and more strategies are needed to prevent and delay the progression of CRC. Probiotics play an adjunctive role in the prevention and treatment of CRC and can not only prevent the onset and delay the progression of disease but also reduce the side effects after the application of anti-cancer drugs. The anti-cancer effect of individual probiotics has been extensively studied, and the exact curative effect of various probiotics has been found, but the anti-cancer effect of mixed probiotics is still not well summarized. In this review, we discuss the positive effects of mixed probiotics on CRC and the related mechanisms of action, especially VSL#3 (VSL Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA), thus providing new ideas for the treatment of CRC. Moreover, we suggest the need to search for more therapeutic possibilities, especially via the research and application of synbiotics and postbiotics.
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Gao Y, Wu A, Li Y, Chang Y, Xue C, Tang Q. The risk of carrageenan-induced colitis is exacerbated under high-sucrose/high-salt diet. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 210:475-482. [PMID: 35483512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a common used food additive, the threat of carrageenan to colon health is controversial, and is inseparable from personal eating habits. However, no detailed descriptions are available concerning the influence of different dietary patterns on the risk of carrageenan-induced colitis. In this study, we explored the risk of κ-carrageenan-induced colitis under high-sucrose or high-salt diet in mice. Intervention with carrageenan under high-sucrose diet significantly reduced colon length and induced more serious deepening of the crypts. In addition, the intake of carrageenan under high-sucrose/high-salt diet induced more serious goblet cell reduction and increased intestinal permeability. 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS based metabonomic approaches were conducted to explore the changes of gut microbiota and metabolites. It was found that the intake of carrageenan under high-sucrose/high-salt diet significantly reduced the abundance of anti-inflammatory bacterium and increased the abundance of harmful bacterium, which was significantly related to the decrease of anti-inflammatory metabolites in colon, such as methyl caffeate, spermine, oleanolic acid and senecionine. Overall, high-sucrose or high-salt diet increased the risk of carrageenan-induced colitis. This reminds us to maintain good eating habits, do not prefer high-sugar or high-salt foods, and try not to consume large amounts of carrageenan continuously to maintain gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Axue Wu
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China; Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266235, China
| | - Qingjuan Tang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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Liu X, Jin G, Tang Q, Huang S, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Liu T, Guo Z, Yang C, Wang B, Jiang K, Zhong W, Cao H. Early life Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG colonisation inhibits intestinal tumour formation. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:1421-1431. [PMID: 35091695 PMCID: PMC9090826 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota dysbiosis is closely related to the progression of colorectal cancer. Our previous study revealed that early life colonisation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) had long-term positive effects on health. We sought to investigate whether early life LGG colonisation could inhibit intestinal tumour formation in offspring. METHODS Adult C57BL/6 female mice were mated with Apcmin/+ male mice. Pregnant mice with the same conception date received 108 cfu live or fixed LGG from day 18 of pregnancy until natural delivery. After genotyping, offspring mice received 107 cfu of live or fixed LGG for 0-5 days after birth. RESULTS Early life LGG colonisation significantly promoted intestinal development, inhibited low-grade intestinal inflammation and altered the gut microbiota composition of offspring in the weaning period (3 week old). Notably, early life LGG colonisation reduced the multiplicity of intestinal tumours in adulthood (12 week old), possibly due to inhibition of Wnt signalling and promotion of tumour cell apoptosis. Importantly, at the genus level, Bifidobacterium and Anaeroplasma with potential anti-tumour effects were increased in adulthood, while Peptostreptococcus, which potentially contributes to tumour formation, was decreased. CONCLUSIONS Early life LGG colonisation inhibited the intestinal tumour formation of offspring in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Shumin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Zixuan Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Kui Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China.
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Patra S, Sahu N, Saxena S, Pradhan B, Nayak SK, Roychowdhury A. Effects of Probiotics at the Interface of Metabolism and Immunity to Prevent Colorectal Cancer-Associated Gut Inflammation: A Systematic Network and Meta-Analysis With Molecular Docking Studies. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:878297. [PMID: 35711771 PMCID: PMC9195627 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.878297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysbiosis/imbalance in the gut microbial composition triggers chronic inflammation and promotes colorectal cancer (CRC). Modulation of the gut microbiome by the administration of probiotics is a promising strategy to reduce carcinogenic inflammation. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Methods In this study, we presented a systematic network, meta-analysis, and molecular docking studies to determine the plausible mechanism of probiotic intervention in diminishing CRC-causing inflammations. Results We selected 77 clinical, preclinical, in vitro, and in vivo articles (PRISMA guidelines) and identified 36 probiotics and 135 training genes connected to patients with CRC with probiotic application. The meta-analysis rationalizes the application of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of CRC. An association network is generated with 540 nodes and 1,423 edges. MCODE cluster analysis identifies 43 densely interconnected modules from the network. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis of the top scoring and functionally significant modules reveal stress-induced metabolic pathways (JNK, MAPK), immunomodulatory pathways, intrinsic apoptotic pathways, and autophagy as contributors for CRC where probiotics could offer major benefits. Based on the enrichment analyses, 23 CRC-associated proteins and 7 probiotic-derived bacteriocins were selected for molecular docking studies. Results indicate that the key CRC-associated proteins (e.g., COX-2, CASP9, PI3K, and IL18R) significantly interact with the probiotic-derived bacteriocins (e.g., plantaricin JLA-9, lactococcin A, and lactococcin mmfii). Finally, a model for probiotic intervention to reduce CRC-associated inflammation has been proposed. Conclusion Probiotics and/or probiotic-derived bacteriocins could directly interact with CRC-promoting COX2. They could modulate inflammatory NLRP3 and NFkB pathways to reduce CRC-associated inflammation. Probiotics could also activate autophagy and apoptosis by regulating PI3K/AKT and caspase pathways in CRC. In summary, the potential mechanisms of probiotic-mediated CRC prevention include multiple signaling cascades, yet pathways related to metabolism and immunity are the crucial ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinjini Patra
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Nilanjan Sahu
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Odisha, India
| | - Shivam Saxena
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Biswaranjan Pradhan
- S. K. Dash Center of Excellence of Biosciences and Engineering & Technology (SKBET), Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Saroj Kumar Nayak
- S. K. Dash Center of Excellence of Biosciences and Engineering & Technology (SKBET), Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Anasuya Roychowdhury
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- *Correspondence: Anasuya Roychowdhury /0000-0003-3735-3021
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Debasmita D, Ghosh SS, Chattopadhyay A. Hierarchical Passage of Gold Nanoclusters in Living Bacteria. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2022; 5:2543-2548. [PMID: 35609302 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gold (Au) nanoclusters chemically synthesized on the cell surface of living Lactobacillus rhamnosus rendered them photoluminescent. Importantly, the bacteria were viable and the clusters were passed down the generations with the loss of luminescence in the first subculture onward. The clusters were agglomerated into spherical structures of 100-200 nm, without being converted to plasmonic Au nanoparticles, on the cell surfaces of the bacteria of all six subcultures studied. The results indicated the role of cell wall remodeling in transforming the Au nanoclusters into larger aggregates down the generations. This may hold important implications for using nanoparticle-studded bacteria in theranostics.
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Barta DG, Cornea-Cipcigan M, Margaoan R, Vodnar DC. Biotechnological Processes Simulating the Natural Fermentation Process of Bee Bread and Therapeutic Properties-An Overview. Front Nutr 2022; 9:871896. [PMID: 35571893 PMCID: PMC9097220 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.871896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent signs of progress in functional foods and nutraceuticals highlighted the favorable impact of bioactive molecules on human health and longevity. As an outcome of the fermentation process, an increasing interest is developed in bee products. Bee bread (BB) is a different product intended for humans and bees, resulting from bee pollen's lactic fermentation in the honeycombs, abundant in polyphenols, nutrients (vitamins and proteins), fatty acids, and minerals. BB conservation is correlated to bacteria metabolites, mainly created by Pseudomonas spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Saccharomyces spp., which give lactic acid bacteria the ability to outperform other microbial groups. Because of enzymatic transformations, the fermentation process increases the content of new compounds. After the fermentation process is finalized, the meaningful content of lactic acid and several metabolites prevent the damage caused by various pathogens that could influence the quality of BB. Over the last few years, there has been an increase in bee pollen fermentation processes to unconventional dietary and functional supplements. The use of the chosen starters improves the bioavailability and digestibility of bioactive substances naturally found in bee pollen. As a consequence of enzymatic changes, the fermentation process enhances BB components and preserves them against loss of characteristics. In this aspect, the present review describes the current biotechnological advancements in the development of BB rich in beneficial components derived from bee pollen fermentation and its use as a food supplement and probiotic product with increased shelf life and multiple health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gabriel Barta
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaiela Cornea-Cipcigan
- Advanced Horticultural Research Institute of Transylvania, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rodica Margaoan
- Advanced Horticultural Research Institute of Transylvania, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Ma F, Sun M, Song Y, Wang A, Jiang S, Qian F, Mu G, Tuo Y. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-12 Alleviates Inflammation and Colon Cancer Symptoms in AOM/DSS-Treated Mice through Modulating the Intestinal Microbiome and Metabolome. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091916. [PMID: 35565884 PMCID: PMC9100115 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous research, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-12 alleviated inflammation in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mice by regulating intestinal microbiota and preventing colon shortening (p < 0.05). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether L. plantarum-12 could ameliorate the colon cancer symptoms of azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS-treated C57BL/6 mice. The results showed that L. plantarum-12 alleviated colonic shortening (from 7.43 ± 0.15 to 8.23 ± 0.25) and weight loss (from 25.92 ± 0.21 to 27.75 ± 0.88) in AOM/DSS-treated mice. L. plantarum-12 oral administration down-regulated pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α (from 350.41 ± 15.80 to 247.72 ± 21.91), IL-8 (from 322.19 ± 11.83 to 226.08 ± 22.06), and IL-1β (111.43 ± 8.14 to 56.90 ± 2.70) levels and up-regulated anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 (from 126.08 ± 24.92 to 275.89 ± 21.87) level of AOM/DSS-treated mice. L. plantarum-12 oral administration restored the intestinal microbiota dysbiosis of the AOM/DSS treated mice by up-regulating beneficial Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Bifidobacteriaceae levels and down-regulating pathogenic Proteobacteria, Desulfovibrionaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae levels. As a result, the fecal metabolites of the AOM/DSS-treated mice were altered, including xanthosine, uridine, 3,4-methylenesebacic acid, 3-hydroxytetradecanedioic acid, 4-hydroxyhexanoylglycine, beta-leucine, and glycitein, by L. plantarum-12 oral administration. Furthermore, L. plantarum-12 oral administration significantly ameliorated the colon injury of the AOM/DSS-treated mice by enhancing colonic tight junction protein level and promoting tumor cells death via down-regulating PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) and up-regulating pro-apoptotic Bax. (p < 0.05). Taken together, L. plantarum-12 oral administration could ameliorate the colon cancer burden and inflammation of AOM-DSS-treated C57BL/6 mice through regulating the intestinal microbiota, manipulating fecal metabolites, enhancing colon barrier function, and inhibiting NF-κB signaling. These results suggest that L. plantarum-12 might be an excellent probiotic candidate for the prevention of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglian Ma
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (F.M.); (M.S.); (Y.S.); (A.W.); (S.J.); (F.Q.)
- Dalian Probiotics Function Research Key Laboratory, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Mengying Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (F.M.); (M.S.); (Y.S.); (A.W.); (S.J.); (F.Q.)
- Dalian Probiotics Function Research Key Laboratory, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yinglong Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (F.M.); (M.S.); (Y.S.); (A.W.); (S.J.); (F.Q.)
- Dalian Probiotics Function Research Key Laboratory, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Arong Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (F.M.); (M.S.); (Y.S.); (A.W.); (S.J.); (F.Q.)
- Dalian Probiotics Function Research Key Laboratory, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shujuan Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (F.M.); (M.S.); (Y.S.); (A.W.); (S.J.); (F.Q.)
- Dalian Probiotics Function Research Key Laboratory, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Fang Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (F.M.); (M.S.); (Y.S.); (A.W.); (S.J.); (F.Q.)
- Dalian Probiotics Function Research Key Laboratory, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Guangqing Mu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (F.M.); (M.S.); (Y.S.); (A.W.); (S.J.); (F.Q.)
- Dalian Probiotics Function Research Key Laboratory, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (Y.T.); Tel./Fax: +86-0411-86324506 (G.M.); +86-0411-86322121 (Y.T.)
| | - Yanfeng Tuo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (F.M.); (M.S.); (Y.S.); (A.W.); (S.J.); (F.Q.)
- Dalian Probiotics Function Research Key Laboratory, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (Y.T.); Tel./Fax: +86-0411-86324506 (G.M.); +86-0411-86322121 (Y.T.)
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Isozaki S, Konishi H, Tanaka H, Yamamura C, Moriichi K, Ogawa N, Fujiya M. Probiotic-derived heptelidic acid exerts antitumor effects on extraintestinal melanoma through glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity control. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:110. [PMID: 35459092 PMCID: PMC9026996 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02530-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several microorganisms inhabit the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and are associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have indicated that several probiotics produce antitumor molecules and inhibit host tumor progression. We demonstrated that heptelidic acid (HA), a sesquiterpene lactone derived from the probiotic Aspergillus oryzae, exerts antitumor effects against pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the antitumor effects of HA against extraintestinal melanoma were assessed in vitro and in vivo. Results Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay revealed that the growth of B16F10 cells was significantly inhibited by HA in a concentration-dependent manner. The enzymatic activity of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) decreased in proportion with the growth inhibition effect of HA. Moreover, oral HA administration significantly suppressed the growth of transplanted B16F10 tumors without any significant changes in biochemical test values. Moreover, GAPDH activity in the transplanted tumor tissues in the HA group significantly decreased compared with that in the PBS group. Conclusion This study suggests that orally administered HA was absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, reached the cancer cells transplanted in the skin, and inhibited GAPDH activity, thereby inhibiting the growth of extraintestinal melanoma cells. Thus, this study proposes a novel system for extraintestinal tumor regulation via gut bacteria-derived bioactive mediators. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-022-02530-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Isozaki
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Konishi
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Chikage Yamamura
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Kentaro Moriichi
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Naoki Ogawa
- Center for Advanced Research and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Fujiya
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
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Bennedsen ALB, Furbo S, Bjarnsholt T, Raskov H, Gögenur I, Kvich L. The gut microbiota can orchestrate the signaling pathways in colorectal cancer. APMIS 2022; 130:121-139. [PMID: 35007370 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence suggests that bacteria contribute to the development of certain cancers, such as colorectal cancer (CRC), partly by stimulating chronic inflammation. However, little is known about the bacterial impact on molecular pathways in CRC. Recent studies have demonstrated how specific bacteria can influence the major CRC-related pathways, i.e., Wnt, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, TGF-β, EGFR, mTOR, and p53. In order to advance the current understanding and facilitate the choice of pathways to investigate, we have systematically collected and summarized the current knowledge within bacterial altered major pathways in CRC. Several pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic bacterial species and their respective metabolites interfere with the major signaling pathways addressed in this review. Not surprisingly, some of these studies investigated known CRC drivers, such as Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Bacteroides fragilis. Interestingly, some metabolites produced by bacterial species typically considered pathogenic, e.g., Vibrio cholera, displayed anti-tumorigenic activities, emphasizing the caution needed when classifying healthy and unhealthy microorganisms. The results collectively emphasize the complexity of the relationship between the microbiota and the tumorigenesis of CRC, and future studies should verify these findings in more realistic models, such as organoids, which constitute a promising platform. Moreover, future trials should investigate the clinical potential of preventive modulation of the gut microbiota regarding CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid L B Bennedsen
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
| | - Sara Furbo
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bjarnsholt
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Raskov
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
| | - Ismail Gögenur
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kvich
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Yue Y, Wang S, Shi J, Xie Q, Li N, Guan J, Evivie SE, Liu F, Li B, Huo G. Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus KLDS1.0901 on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Colon Cancer Cells. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:788040. [PMID: 35250903 PMCID: PMC8895954 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.788040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is the most common type of malignant tumor. The cytotoxicity effect of lactic acid bacteria may be active by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, producing anticancer compounds, and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, but the mechanism is unclear. Our previous study revealed that Lactobacillus acidophilus KLDS1.0901 has good probiotic properties. In this study, We screened out the highest inhibition rate of L. acidophilus KLDS1.0901 and assessed the effects on the proliferation of HT-29, Caco-2, and IEC-6 cells. Then, the apoptosis mechanism of HT-29 cells was studied when treated with L. acidophilus KLDS1.0901. Results showed that L. acidophilus KLDS1.0901 inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 and Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner and reached the maximum under the condition of multiplicity of infection (MOI) = 100 (rate of Lactobacillus to cells) at 48 h. With the increase in time and MOI, reactive oxygen species in HT-29 cells, the apoptosis rates of HT-29 cells were increased, and the amount of blue fluorescence of the cells was also increased after Hoechst 33258 staining. Furthermore, L. acidophilus KLDS1.0901 reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential of HT-29 cells. Notably, 1,133 differentially expressed genes were screened by transcriptomics research, including 531 up-regulated genes and 602 down-regulated genes. These genes were involved in the nuclear factor κB and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways related to the apoptosis of HT-29 cells. These findings suggested that L. acidophilus KLDS1.0901 has the potential to be used in the development of a new type of functional foods for adjuvant treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Yue
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jialu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qinggang Xie
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Qiqihaer, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaqi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Smith Etareri Evivie
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guicheng Huo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Deng J, Zhao L, Yuan X, Li Y, Shi J, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Han L, Wang H, Yan Y, Zhao H, Wang H, Zou F. Pre-Administration of Berberine Exerts Chemopreventive Effects in AOM/DSS-Induced Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis Mice via Modulating Inflammation and Intestinal Microbiota. Nutrients 2022; 14:726. [PMID: 35215376 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory activation and intestinal flora imbalance play an essential role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Berberine (BBR) has attracted great attention in recent years due to its heath-related benefits in inflammatory disorders and tumors, but the intricate mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the effects and the mechanism of BBR on colon cancer were investigated in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis mice model. Our results showed that pre-administration of BBR showed a decrease in weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) score, and the number of colon tumors in mice, compared with the model group. The evidence from pathological examination indicated that the malignancy of intestinal tumors was ameliorated after pre-administration of BBR. Additionally, pre-administration with BBR suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) and the cell-proliferation marker Ki67, while expression of the tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) were increased in colon tissue. Moreover, the levels of critical pathway proteins involved in the inflammatory process (p-STAT3 and p-JNK) and cell cycle regulation molecules (β-catenin, c-Myc and CylinD1) exhibited lower expression levels. Besides, 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that pre-administration of BBR increased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F:M) and the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, while the abundance of cancer-related bacteria was decreased. Gavage with Lactobacillus rhamnosus can improve the anti-tumor effect of BBR. Overall, pre-administration of BBR exerts preventive effects in colon carcinogenesis, and the mechanisms underlying these effects are correlated with the inhibition of inflammation and tumor proliferation and the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
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Kang SR, Nguyen DH, Yoo SW, Min JJ. Bacteria and bacterial derivatives as delivery carriers for immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114085. [PMID: 34933064 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the role of microorganisms in human health and disease, with evidence showing that new types of biotherapy using engineered bacterial therapeutics, including bacterial derivatives, can address specific mechanisms of disease. The complex interactions between microorganisms and metabolic/immunologic pathways underlie many diseases with unmet medical needs, suggesting that targeting these interactions may improve patient treatment. Using tools from synthetic biology and chemical engineering, non-pathogenic bacteria or bacterial products can be programmed and designed to sense and respond to environmental signals to deliver therapeutic effectors. This review describes current progress in biotherapy using live bacteria and their derivatives to achieve therapeutic benefits against various diseases.
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Abstract
An increasing number of studies have revealed that the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) is related to gut microbiome composition. Under normal conditions, the gut microbiome acts as a barrier to other pathogens or infections in the intestine and modulates inflammation by affecting the host immune system. These gut microbiota are not only related to the intestinal inflammation associated with tumorigenesis but also modulation of the anti-cancer immune response. Thus, they are associated with tumor progression and anti-cancer treatment efficacy. Studies have shown that the gut microbiota can be used as biomarkers to predict the effect of immunotherapy and improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in treating CRC through modulation. In this review, we discuss the role of the gut microbiome as revealed by recent studies of the growth and progression of CRC along with its synergistic effect with anti-cancer treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeho Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
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Behrouzi A, Katebi A, Riazi-Rad F, Mazaheri H, Ajdary S. The role of microbiota and immune system crosstalk in cancer development and therapy. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2022; 69:1-12. [PMID: 35080506 DOI: 10.1556/030.2022.01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a multifactorial disease that is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease in the world. In recent years, microbiota's role in the regulation and homeostasis of the immune system has been considered. Moreover, the immune system can affect the microbiota content. These interactions are critical to the functioning of the immune system. Numerous studies in animal and human models have shown the association of changes in microbiota components with the formation of an inhibitory microenvironment in the tumor and its escape from the immune system. Microbiota also plays a crucial role in the success of various anti-tumor treatments, and its modification leads to success in cancer treatment. The success of anti-tumor therapies that directly target the immune system, such as immune checkpoint blockade and T cell therapy, is also affected by the patient's microbiota composition. It seems that in addition to examining the patient's genetics, precision medicine should pay attention to the patient's microbiota in choosing the appropriate treatment method, and together with usual anti-tumor therapies, microbiota may be modified. This review discusses various aspects of the relationship between microbiota and anti-tumor immunity and its successful treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Behrouzi
- 1 Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- 2 Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asal Katebi
- 3 Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Riazi-Rad
- 3 Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoora Mazaheri
- 4 Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Ajdary
- 3 Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
The association of gut microbiota with gastrointestinal carcinogenesis has been heavily investigated since the recent advance in sequencing technology. Accumulating evidence has revealed the critical roles of commensal microbes in cancer progression. Given by its importance, emerging studies have focussed on targeting microbiota to ameliorate therapeutic effectiveness. It is now clear that the microbial community is closely related to the efficacy of chemotherapy, while the correlation of microbiota with immunotherapy is much less studied. Herein, we review the up-to-date findings on the influence of gut microbiota on three common immunotherapies including adoptive cell transfer, immune checkpoint blockade, and CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide therapy. We then explore three microbiota-targeted strategies that may improve treatment efficacy, involving dietary intervention, probiotics supplementation, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Cheuk Hay Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Joseph Jao-Yiu Sung
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong,CONTACT Jun Yu Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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45
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Ma J, Li P, An L, Zhang T, Li G. Chemoprotective effect of theanine in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal cancer in rats via suppression of inflammatory parameters. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14073. [PMID: 35014039 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is considered as a major cancer among all types of cancers, especially in developed countries. The colorectal cancer has few to no symptoms and mostly the tumor is often diagnosed in the later stage of cancer. Oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction play an important role in the expansion and the progression of colorectal cancer. Theanine exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential against various diseases. As a result of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nature, in this study, we estimated the protective effect of theanine against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colorectal cancer and explored the possible mechanism. Subcutaneous injection (35 mg/kg) of DMH was used to induce colorectal cancer in rats. Rats were divided into different groups and were orally administrated with theanine (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) for 16 weeks. Body weight, tumor size, and average tumor weight were determined at the end of the experimental study. Biochemical tests, antioxidant properties, phase I and phase II enzymes, and inflammatory mediators were estimated. The mRNA expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), p53, and apoptosis was also estimated at the end of the experimental study. Theanine significantly (p < .001) increases the body weight and suppressed the average tumor size in DMH-induced colorectal cancer. Similarly, it significantly (p < .001) reduces the level of prostaglandin (PGE2 ), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). It also decreases the oxidative stress by suppressing the level of malonaldehyde (MDA) and enhancing the level of SOD, GPx, CAT, and GR. Theanine considerably reduced tumor markers, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and phase I and phase II enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. It also significantly (p < .001) suppressed the expression of p38-MAPK, p-53, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, we can say that theanine exhibited the chemoprotective effect against the colorectal cancer by inhibiting the oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Theanine is the major amino acid phytoconstituent of green tea. It has a potent antioxidant activity and is also able to protect against various oxidative damage. In this experimental study, theanine exhibits a protective effect against colorectal cancer by suppressing the oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction. The results suggest that theanine may be used for colorectal cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ma
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lipei An
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guodong Li
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Sugimura N, Li Q, Chu ESH, Lau HCH, Fong W, Liu W, Liang C, Nakatsu G, Su ACY, Coker OO, Wu WKK, Chan FKL, Yu J. Lactobacillus gallinarum modulates the gut microbiota and produces anti-cancer metabolites to protect against colorectal tumourigenesis. Gut 2021; 71:gutjnl-2020-323951. [PMID: 34937766 PMCID: PMC9484392 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using faecal shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we identified the depletion of Lactobacillus gallinarum in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to determine the potential antitumourigenic role of L. gallinarum in colorectal tumourigenesis. DESIGN The tumor-suppressive effect of L. gallinarum was assessed in murine models of CRC. CRC cell lines and organoids derived from patients with CRC were cultured with L. gallinarum or Escherichia coli MG1655 culture-supernatant to evaluate cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. Gut microbiota was assessed by 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. Antitumour molecule produced from L. gallinarum was identified by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and targeted mass spectrometry. RESULTS L. gallinarum significantly reduced intestinal tumour number and size compared with E. coli MG1655 and phosphate-buffered saline in both male and female murine intestinal tumourigenesis models. Faecal microbial profiling revealed enrichment of probiotics and depletion of pathogenic bacteria in L. gallinarum-treated mice. Culturing CRC cells with L. gallinarum culture-supernatant (5%, 10% and 20%) concentration-dependently suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation. L. gallinarum culture-supernatant significantly promoted apoptosis in CRC cells and patient-derived CRC organoids, but not in normal colon epithelial cells. Only L. gallinarum culture-supernatant with fraction size <3 kDa suppressed proliferation in CRC cells. Using LC-MS/MS, enrichments of indole-3-lactic acid (ILA) was identified in both L. gallinarum culture-supernatant and the gut of L. gallinarum-treated mice. ILA displayed anti-CRC growth in vitro and inhibited intestinal tumourigenesis in vivo. CONCLUSION L. gallinarum protects against intestinal tumourigenesis by producing protective metabolites that can promote apoptosis of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Sugimura
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eagle Siu Hong Chu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Harry Cheuk Hay Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winnie Fong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weixin Liu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cong Liang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Geicho Nakatsu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases/Genetics and Complex Disease, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anthony Chin Yang Su
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Olabisi Oluwabukola Coker
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Ka Kei Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Francis Ka Leung Chan
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Davoodvandi A, Fallahi F, Tamtaji OR, Tajiknia V, Banikazemi Z, Fathizadeh H, Abbasi-Kolli M, Aschner M, Ghandali M, Sahebkar A, Taghizadeh M, Mirzaei H. An Update on the Effects of Probiotics on Gastrointestinal Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:680400. [PMID: 34992527 PMCID: PMC8724544 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.680400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their increasing prevalence, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are regarded as an important global health challenge. Microorganisms residing in the human GI tract, termed gut microbiota, encompass a large number of living organisms. The role of the gut in the regulation of the gut-mediated immune responses, metabolism, absorption of micro- and macro-nutrients and essential vitamins, and short-chain fatty acid production, and resistance to pathogens has been extensively investigated. In the past few decades, it has been shown that microbiota imbalance is associated with the susceptibility to various chronic disorders, such as obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, psychiatric disorders, and various types of cancer. Emerging evidence has shown that oral administration of various strains of probiotics can protect against cancer development. Furthermore, clinical investigations suggest that probiotic administration in cancer patients decreases the incidence of postoperative inflammation. The present review addresses the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of action of probiotics against GI cancers. The safety of the most commercial probiotic strains has been confirmed, and therefore these strains can be used as adjuvant or neo-adjuvant treatments for cancer prevention and improving the efficacy of therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, well-designed clinical studies are still needed for a better understanding of the properties and mechanisms of action of probiotic strains in mitigating GI cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fallahi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vida Tajiknia
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zarrin Banikazemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hadis Fathizadeh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan Faculty of Medicine Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Maryam Ghandali
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taghizadeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Rahimpour M, Ashabi G, Rahimi AM, Halimi S, Panahi M, Alemrajabi M, Nabavizadeh F. Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 Treatment Enhanced Efficacy of Capecitabine against Colon Cancer in Male Balb/c Mice. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:2622-2631. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2014901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milad Rahimpour
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neurosciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mustafa Rahimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Alberoni University, Kohestan, Afghanistan
| | - Shahnaz Halimi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Panahi
- Department of Pathology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Alemrajabi
- Department of Surgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Firoozgar Clinical Research Development Center (FCRDC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nabavizadeh
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neurosciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pulido VM, Castro R, Durán-guerrero E, Lasanta C, Díaz AB. Alternative beverages for probiotic foods. Eur Food Res Technol. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03904-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wang T, Wang P, Ge W, Shi C, Xiao G, Wang X, Lü X. The probiotic Companilactobacillus crustorum MN047 alleviates colitis-associated tumorigenesis via modulating the intestinal microenvironment. Food Funct 2021; 12:11331-11342. [PMID: 34668003 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Supplementation of probiotics is a promising method to alleviate colorectal cancer (CRC) via modulating the intestinal microenvironment. This study aimed to assess the potential anti-CRC effect of Companilactobacillus crustorum MN047 on an azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis-associated (CA)-CRC mouse model. Mice were gavaged with C. crustorum MN047 once daily (∼1 × 109 CFU per mouse). The CA-CRC ameliorating effect of this strain was investigated based on the gut microbiota, inflammation and intestinal barrier integrity. Results showed that C. crustorum MN047 could significantly attenuate tumorigenesis and inflammation via suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Moreover, this probiotic could improve the intestinal barrier integrity by increasing the mRNA level of some tight junction-related proteins and reducing goblet cell loss. In addition, C. crustorum MN047 administration led to an increase in beneficial bacteria and a decrease in harmful bacteria, thereby increasing SCFAs and reducing LPS levels. These results suggested that C. crustorum MN047 could partially ameliorate the formation of CA-CRC by modulating the gut microbiota, attenuating inflammation and enhancing the intestinal barrier integrity. Therefore, C. crustorum MN047 was a promising probiotic supplement for attenuating CA-CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Panpan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Wupeng Ge
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Chao Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Gongnian Xiao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Biological and Chemical Processing Technologies of Farm Products, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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