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Ying R, Yang B, Chen M, Zhang X, Zhao C, Long T, Qiu H, Ji W. Characteristics and numerical simulation of chromium transportation, migration and transformation in soil-groundwater system. J Hazard Mater 2024; 471:134414. [PMID: 38678718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Understanding chromium (Cr) migration and dispersion patterns in the soil-groundwater system is critical for the control and remediation of subsurface Cr contamination. In this study, a typical Cr-contaminated site from the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in China was simulated with a three-dimensional (3D) sandbox experiment to investigate the migration and transformation behavior of Cr. Results revealed that under the combined influence of rainfall and groundwater flow, a complex flow field favorable for 3D migration and solute dispersion was formed. The flow field characteristics were influenced by water-table depth, which in turn affected Cr behavior in the system. Moreover, downward flow field expansion under low water-table conditions led to Cr vertical migration range expansion, causing greater contamination in the deep soil. The migration process was accompanied with Cr(VI) reduction, during which approximately 75 % of the total Cr was immobilized in soils. The reactive transport model achieved a good fit for Cr retention and morphological distribution in the solid phase. The model indicates that Cr is more readily transported and dispersed with groundwater, and Cr migrated and spread downstream by 15 m during the eighth year. Therefore, managing water-table depth could be a strategy to minimize the Cr vertical migration and contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Ying
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Meng Chen
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Caiyi Zhao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Tao Long
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Wenbing Ji
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China.
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Lan Z, Zhang Y, Liang R, Wang Z, Sun J, Lu X, He Y, Wang Y. Comprehensive comparison of integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) and AAO activated sludge methods: Influence of different operational parameters. Chemosphere 2024; 357:142068. [PMID: 38636921 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Due to limited land availability in municipal wastewater treatment plants, integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) technology offers significant advantages in improving nitrogen removal performance and treatment capacity. In this study, two systems, IFAS and Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic Activated sludge process (AAO), were compared by adjusting parameters such as hydraulic retention time (HRT), nitrifying solution recycle ratio, sludge recycle ratio, and dissolved oxygen (DO). The objective was to investigate pollutant removal capacity and differences in microbial community composition between the two systems. The study showed that, at an HRT of 12 h, the IFAS system exhibited an average increase of 5.76%, 8.85%, and 12.79% in COD, NH4+-N, and TN removal efficiency respectively, compared to the AAO system at an HRT of 16 h. The TP concentration in the IFAS system reached 0.82 mg/L without the use of additives. The IFAS system demonstrated superior effluent results under lower operating conditions of HRT, nitrification solution recycle ratio, and DO. The 16S rDNA analysis revealed higher abundance of denitrification-related associated flora, including Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetota, in the IFAS system compared to the AAO system. Similarities were observed between microorganisms attached to the media and activated sludge in the anaerobic, anoxic, and oxic tanks. q-PCR analysis indicated that the incorporation of filler material in the IFAS system resulted in similar abundance of nitrifying bacteria genes on the biofilm as in the oxic tank. Additionally, denitrifying genes showed higher levels due to aeration scouring and the presence of alternating aerobic-anaerobic environments on the biofilm surface, enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihua Lan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Renli Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xingwen Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yao He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Ma W, Ding M, Bian Z. Comprehensive assessment of exposure and environmental risk of potentially toxic elements in surface water and sediment across China: A synthesis study. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:172061. [PMID: 38552973 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
China faces a serious challenge with water pollution posed by potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Comprehensive and reliable environmental risk assessment is paramount for precise pollution prevention and control. Previous studies generally focused on a single environmental compartment within small regions, and the uncertainty in risk calculation is not fully considered. This study revealed the current exposure status of 11 PTEs in surface water and sediment across China using previously reported concentration data in 301 well-screened articles. Ecological and human health risks were evaluated and the uncertainty related to calculation parameters and exposure dataset were quantified. PTEs of high concern were further identified. Results showed Mn and Zn had the highest concentration levels, while Hg and Cd had the lowest concentrations in both surface water and sediment. Risk assessment of individual PTE showed that high-risk PTEs varied by risk receptors and environmental compartments. Nationwide, the probability of aquatic organisms being affected by Mn, Zn, Cu, and As in surface water exceeded 10 %. In sediment, Cd and Hg exhibited high and considerable risk, respectively. As was identified as the major PTE threatening human health as its carcinogenic risk was 1.45 × 10-4 through direct ingestion. Combined risk assessment showed the PTE mixture in surface water and sediment posed medium and high ecological risk with the risk quotient and potential ecological risk index of 1.76 and 558.36, respectively. Adverse health effects through incidental ingestion and dermal contact during swimming were negligible. This study provides a nationwide risk assessment of PTEs in China's aquatic environment and the robustness is verified, which can serve as a practical basis for policymakers to guide the early warning and precise management of water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wankai Ma
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Mengling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhaoyong Bian
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
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Guan Y, Zhang N, Chu C, Xiao Y, Niu R, Shao C. Health impact assessment of the surface water pollution in China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 933:173040. [PMID: 38729374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
China suffers from severe surface water pollution. Health impact assessment could provide a novel and quantifiable metric for the health burden attributed to surface water pollution. This study establishes a health impact assessment method for surface water pollution based on classic frameworks, integrating the multi-pollutant city water quality index (CWQI), informative epidemiological findings, and benchmark public health information. A relative risk level assignment approach is proposed based on the CWQI, innovatively addressing the challenge in surface water-human exposure risk assessment. A case study assesses the surface water pollution-related health impact in 336 Chinese cities. The results show (1) between 2015 and 2022, total health impact decreased from 3980.42 thousand disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) (95 % Confidence Interval: 3242.67-4339.29) to 3260.10 thousand DALYs (95 % CI: 2475.88-3641.35), measured by total cancer. (2) The annual average health impacts of oesophageal, stomach, colorectal, gallbladder, and pancreatic cancers added up to 2621.20 thousand DALYs (95 % CI: 2095.58-3091.10), revealing the significant health impact of surface water pollution on digestive cancer. (3) In 2022, health impacts in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surroundings, the Yangtze River Delta, and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River added up to 1893.06 thousand DALYs (95 % CI: 1471.82-2097.88), showing a regional aggregating trend. (4) Surface water pollution control has been the primary driving factor to health impact improvement, contributing -3.49 % to the health impact change from 2015 to 2022. It is the first city-level health impact map for China's surface water pollution. The methods and findings will support the water management policymaking in China and other countries suffering from water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guan
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, China
| | - Chengjun Chu
- Center of Environmental Status and Plan Assessment, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, China; The Center for Beautiful China, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, China
| | - Ren Niu
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, China
| | - Chaofeng Shao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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Guan Y, Xiao Y, Niu R, Zhang N, Shao C. Characterizing the water resource-environment-ecology system harmony in Chinese cities using integrated datasets: A Beautiful China perspective assessment. Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:171094. [PMID: 38387575 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Integrated management and synergistic improvement of the water system is a topic of widespread concern. This study innovatively integrates three functions of quality assessment, synergy evaluation, and driving influence determination to establish a systematic framework assessing water system harmony. A case study of 336 Chinese cities is further performed by combining multi-scale and multi-source datasets. The results show China's water system quality has improved from 2015 to 2022. Development in the water resource, environment, and ecology subsystems have been differentiated, with 0.05 %, 4.33 %, and -1.64 % changes, respectively. The degradation of water ecology and the weak synergy with the other two subsystems have limited China's water system harmony. Water environment improvement played a contributive role in improving the water system quality. The contribution structure of water resources, environment, and ecology has shifted towards equilibrium in recent years. We found and highlighted the north-south differentiation of water system harmony in Chinese cities. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surroundings, the Yangtze River Delta, and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River are identified as priority regions for water system harmony improvement. The primary contribution of this study is to propose an assessing concept of water resource-environment-ecology system harmony, establish well-structured assessment methods, and integrate the multiple data sources. The novel methods and findings, including the indicator system, application of data mining and decomposing methods, and the city-level water system harmony map, deconstruct and quantify the complex and diverse water system, supporting clearer and more efficient water management policymaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guan
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, China; The Center for Beautiful China, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, China
| | - Ren Niu
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, China.
| | - Chaofeng Shao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Nie T, Jiang X, Deng C, Cai W, Lei Y, Gao S. Analysis of the evolution of water culture and water security in the Weihe River Basin over a 100 year-period. Sci Total Environ 2024; 920:171066. [PMID: 38373454 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The significance of water culture in addressing water crises and ensuring water security has garnered considerable attention, emerging as a focal point in global change and water science research. Water culture is a societal adaptation to changes in hydrological systems. However, this needs to be acknowledged within contemporary discourse on water security governance. This study utilized historical policy document data from many sources, including local municipal records from Shaanxi and Gansu, and water conservancy records. It aimed to identify the significant nodes and stages of policy transformation in the Weihe River Basin (WRB) during the last century (1949-2020). This study employed a content analysis method to elucidate the evolutionary patterns of water culture in the study region during the previous century. Drawing on the co-evolution framework, our investigation delved into the reciprocal relationship between changes in water culture and the evolution of water security in the WRB. Our findings indicated that water culture transformation in the WRB has undergone four significant stages: the Disaster-Resistant Hydraulic (1949-1966), Irrigation Hydraulic (1967-1998), Resources Hydraulic (1999-2010), and Ecological Hydraulic (2011-2020) phases. Water security assessment showed that policy attention varied across the different stages. The disaster-resistant hydraulic phase primarily addressed water-related disaster concerns, whereas the irrigation hydraulic phase emphasized the scarcity of water resources. The resource hydraulic phase focused on ensuring the security of the water environment, while the ecological hydraulic phase placed emphasis on safeguarding water sustainability. Moreover, we found that prevailing water policies prioritize resolving isolated issues; however, water security is a multifaceted systemic matter that requires a comprehensive approach. This study has the potential to offer policy makers a more comprehensive and systematic perspective, enabling them to enhance their understanding of the underlying nature of the problems. Additionally, this study can assist in developing future water security policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Nie
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China; College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China; College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China.
| | - Chun Deng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China; College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Cai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China; College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Yuxin Lei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China; College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Siqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
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Van der Cruysse L, De Cock A, Lock K, Boets P, Goethals PLM. Introduction of Native Submerged Macrophytes to Restore Biodiversity in Streams. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:1014. [PMID: 38611543 PMCID: PMC11013439 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Streams are biodiversity hotspots that provide numerous ecosystem services. Safeguarding this biodiversity is crucial to uphold sustainable ecosystem functioning and to ensure the continuation of these ecosystem services in the future. However, in recent decades, streams have witnessed a disproportionate decline in biodiversity compared to other ecosystems, and are currently considered among the most threatened ecosystems worldwide. This is the result of the combined effect of a multitude of stressors. For freshwater systems in general, these have been classified into five main pressures: water pollution, overexploitation, habitat degradation and destruction, alien invasive species, and hydromorphological pressures. On top of these direct stressors, the effects of global processes like environmental and climate change must be considered. The intricate and interconnected nature of various stressors affecting streams has made it challenging to formulate effective policies and management strategies. As a result, restoration efforts have not always been successful in creating a large-scale shift towards a better ecological status. In order to achieve an improved status in these systems, situation-specific management strategies tailored to specific stressor combinations may be needed. In this paper, we examine the potential of introducing native submerged macrophyte species to advance the restoration of stream ecosystems. Through successful introductions, we anticipate positive ecological outcomes, including enhanced water quality and increased biodiversity. This research is significant, as the potential success in restoring stream biodiversity not only represents progress in ecological understanding but also offers valuable insights for future restoration and management strategies for these vital ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Van der Cruysse
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.C.); (K.L.); (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
| | - Andrée De Cock
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.C.); (K.L.); (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
| | - Koen Lock
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.C.); (K.L.); (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
| | - Pieter Boets
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.C.); (K.L.); (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
- Provincial Centre of Environmental Research, Godshuizenlaan 95, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter L. M. Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.C.); (K.L.); (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
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Zhang H, Sun H, Zhao R, Tian Y, Meng Y. High resolution spatiotemporal modeling of long term anthropogenic nutrient discharge in China. Sci Data 2024; 11:283. [PMID: 38461162 PMCID: PMC10925032 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
High-resolution integration of large-scale and long-term anthropogenic nutrient discharge data is crucial for understanding the spatiotemporal evolution of pollution and identifying intervention points for pollution mitigation. Here, we establish the MEANS-ST1.0 dataset, which has a high spatiotemporal resolution and encompasses anthropogenic nutrient discharge data collected in China from 1980 to 2020. The dataset includes five components, namely, urban residential, rural residential, industrial, crop farming, and livestock farming, with a spatial resolution of 1 km and a temporal resolution of monthly. The data are available in three formats, namely, GeoTIFF, NetCDF and Excel, catering to GIS users, researchers and policymakers in various application scenarios, such as visualization and modelling. Additionally, rigorous quality control was performed on the dataset, and its reliability was confirmed through cross-scale validation and literature comparisons at the national and regional levels. These data offer valuable insights for further modelling the interactions between humans and the environment and the construction of a digital Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Huihang Sun
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Ruikun Zhao
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Yiming Meng
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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Li H, Xu M, Zhang T. g-C 3N 4 modified with non-precious metal Al with LSPR as an efficient visible light catalyst. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:16795-16804. [PMID: 38324156 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The issue of water pollution has emerged as a formidable challenge, prompting a pressing need for solutions. The utilization of metal nanoparticles with surface plasmon resonance and semiconductor composite photocatalysts is regarded as a highly effective approach to solve this problem. g-C3N4 is an effective catalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants. Its photocatalytic performance is usually enhanced by the use of the noble metal Au Ag. However, the high cost of these materials limits their application. In this study, we present the synthesis of Al NPs/g-C3N4 nanocomposites using the bridging effect of ligands. The characterized of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) proved that Al NPs/g-C3N4 with a wider light absorption range were successfully synthesized. The effects of ligands, (glutathione (GSH), glutamic acid (GAG), and cysteine (CYS)), Al diameter (40 to 200 nm) and the ratio of Al to g-C3N4 (1:1 to 5:1) on the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) by Al NPs/g-C3N4 were also evaluated. The results showed that the optimum degradation efficiency of Al NPs/g-C3N4 for MB at 5 mg/L reached 100% within 60 min, which was 11 times higher than that of pure g-C3N4. The principal analysis of Al enhancing the photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4 was studied through transient photocurrent spectroscopy (TPC), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and steady-state transient fluorescence spectroscopy (PL). The results confirmed that hot carriers generated by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Al nanoparticles increase the carrier concentration. In addition, the Schottky barrier generated by Al and g-C3N4 could also improve the carrier separation rate and increase the carrier lifetime. This work is expected to solve the problem of organic wastewater treatment and lay the foundation for subsequent research on photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Li
- Nanophotonics and Biophotonics Key Laboratory of Jilin Province, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingze Xu
- Nanophotonics and Biophotonics Key Laboratory of Jilin Province, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tingsong Zhang
- Nanophotonics and Biophotonics Key Laboratory of Jilin Province, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
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10
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Sun H, Tian Y, Zhang H, Meng Y, Wang S, Li L, Zhan W, Zhou X, Zuo W. Decoding China's anthropogenic typical pollutant discharge patterns: Long-term dynamics and hotspot transitions driven by population, diet, and sanitation. Water Res 2024; 250:121049. [PMID: 38157599 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Human activities have led to an alarming increase in pollution, resulting in widespread water contamination. A comprehensive understanding of the quantitative relationship between anthropogenic pollutant discharges and the escalating anthropogenic disturbances and environmental efforts is crucial for effective water quality management. Here we establish a Model for Estimating Anthropogenic pollutaNts diScharges (MEANS) and simulate the long-term dynamics of various types of anthropogenic discharges in China based on an unprecedented spatio-temporal dynamic parameter dataset. Our findings reveal that from 1980 to 2020, anthropogenic discharges exhibited an overall trend of initially increasing and subsequently decreasing, with the peak occurring around 2005. During this period, the dominant pollution sources in China shifted from urban to rural areas, thereby driving the transition of hotspot pollutants from nitrogen to phosphorus in the eastern regions. The most significant drivers of anthropogenic pollutant discharges gradually shifted from population size and dietary structure to wastewater treatment and agricultural factors. Furthermore, we observed that a significant portion of China's regions still exceed the safety thresholds for pollutant discharges, with excessive levels of total phosphorus (TP) being particularly severe. These findings highlight the need for flexible management strategies in the future to address specific pollution levels and hotspots in different regions. Our study underscores the importance of considering the complex interplay between anthropogenic disturbances, environmental efforts, and long-term anthropogenic pollutant discharges for effective water pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihang Sun
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O.Box 2603, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O.Box 2603, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
| | - Haoran Zhang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O.Box 2603, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Yiming Meng
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O.Box 2603, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Shupeng Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O.Box 2603, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Lipin Li
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O.Box 2603, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Wei Zhan
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O.Box 2603, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O.Box 2603, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Wei Zuo
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O.Box 2603, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
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11
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Cao L, Shao WH, Yi WJ, Zhang E. A review of conservation status of freshwater fish diversity in China. J Fish Biol 2024; 104:345-364. [PMID: 37927158 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
China harbors a high species diversity of freshwater fishes not shared with any of its neighboring nations. Freshwater fish diversity in the country has been under severe threat from human activities over the past decades, thus conservation freshwater fishes and ecosystems is urgently needed. To accumulate baseline data for guiding protection actions, the third red list assessment of Chinese freshwater fishes was carried out. Among Chinese freshwater fishes assessed, there are 355 at-risk species (22.3% of the total), including 69 ranked as Critically Endangered, 97 as Endangered, and 189 as Vulnerable. Two species are classified as Extinct and one as Regionally Extinct. China's threat level seems to be lower than the known average level found in the IUCN's global assessment of freshwater fishes, but this is an artifact of a high rate of species classified as Data Deficient. Conservation of freshwater fishes is presently facing a grim situation in China. Imperilment of Chinese freshwater fishes is primarily attributed to habitat loss and degradation arising from human perturbations, particularly river damming. Despite the adoption of protected areas setting up, captive breeding and release, and a fishing moratorium, conservation efforts for freshwater fishes are compromised by disproportional attention in China's biodiversity conservation, baseline data deficiency, insufficiently designed protection networks, and inefficient or inadequate implementation of conservation strategies. To achieve the objectives of Chinese freshwater fish conservation, it is proposed to conduct a national-scale survey of fish diversity and reassess their at-risk status, develop systematic conservation planning of freshwater fish diversity and ecosystems, prioritize strategies for protected areas development, perform genetic-based captive breeding for releasing in concert with other protection actions, and implement flexible fishing moratorium strategies in different water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Han Shao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jing Yi
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - E Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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12
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Wang Z, Zhan A, Tao Y, Jian Y, Yao Y. Sustainable governance of drinking water conservation areas based on adaptive thresholds. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:119605. [PMID: 38048708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Drinking water quality is integral to the Sustainable Development Goals framework. At the present, China's drinking water conservation faces a number of challenges that are partially brought on by strict conservation measures that don't fully take into account human-land conflict and sustainable development. Taking the idea of adaptive governance, this study seeks to identify adaptive thresholds and adaptive solutions for compatible drinking water conservation and local development. Pressure and resistance to drinking water quality in its status, future potential, and adaptive thresholds were explored to identify sustainable governance for the Baimei Conservation Area, Fujian Province. Field research, local governance forums, and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model were utilized to explore the drinking water quality pressure and resistance to drinking water quality. In order to uncover potential future changes in pressure and resistance, suitability analyses and multi-scenario simulations were used to examine the status quo, pressure, and resistance scenarios. Adaptive thresholds were then identified through SWAT modeling of each scenario to guarantee the drinking water quality is greater than Class II in the Core Conservation Area and Class Ⅲ in 2nd-grade Conservation Area, respectively. The research finds that construction land development and farming are the key pressures on drinking water quality, and forests and wetlands are the primary resistances. The expansion of construction lands and the increased wetlands was centered on potential future scenarios because farming has no room for growth and forests are already heavily covered. The adaptive threshold of construction land expansion is identified to be 10% without new wetlands but can be 20% by adding 10% wetlands in subbasins, 5, 8, and 9. This study confirms the potential of adaptive sustainability for drinking water conservation areas. A similar analysis procedure can also be adapted to enhance adaptive governance for the sustainability of other conservation areas nationally and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Wang
- College of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Angshuo Zhan
- College of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yunzhu Tao
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Lab of Spatial Information Integration and Its Applications, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuqing Jian
- College of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Yanjuan Yao
- Satellite Environment Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing, PR China
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13
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Gao S, Sun P, Zhao X, Chang K, Chen W. Waterborne copper exposure decreases fish growth and survival by promoting gills and liver impairments in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:119204-119216. [PMID: 37919510 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the effect of Cu exposure (0, 51.3, 164, 513, 1,640, and 5,130 μg/L) on fish growth performance, histology, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) juveniles. 270 fish (2.69 ± 0.02 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups of tanks for 4 weeks with each group comprising three replicate tanks. The results showed that fish exposed to 1,640 and 5,130 μg/L Cu exhibited a significant reduction in fish growth and survival rate (P < 0.05). Compared to the control, the fish at and above 513 μg/L Cu demonstrated histopathological damages in the gills and liver, such as shorter primary and secondary lamellae, smaller hepatocyte nuclei, and an increase in the number of necrotic cells in the liver. Compared to the control, fish at and above 1,640 μg/L Cu had a significantly higher malondialdehyde content and lower activity levels of total superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in the gills and liver (P < 0.05). Furthermore, high concentrations of Cu (1,640 and 5,130 μg/L) significantly increased hepatic inflammation by upregulating interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α expression and hepatic apoptosis by increasing cysteinyl aspartate specific protease 3 (caspase-3) and caspase-9 expression (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that fish growth and survival positively correlated with histological and antioxidant defense parameters, and negatively correlated with oxidative stress parameters, hepatic inflammation, and hepatic apoptosis. Taken together, these results suggest that high levels of waterborne Cu can induce growth retardation and mortality by damaging the liver and gill health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Ping Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Kuo Chang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Weijun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China.
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14
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Vo TKQ, Vo TDH, Ntagia E, Amulya K, Nguyen NKQ, Tran PYN, Ninh NTT, Le SL, Le LT, Tran CS, Ha TL, Pham MDT, Bui XT, Lens PNL. Pilot and full scale applications of floating treatment wetlands for treating diffuse pollution. Sci Total Environ 2023; 899:165595. [PMID: 37467995 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Floating treatment wetlands (FTW) are nature-based solutions for the purification of open water systems such as rivers, ponds, and lakes polluted by diffuse sources as untreated or partially treated domestic wastewater and agricultural run-off. Compared with other physicochemical and biological technologies, FTW is a technology with low-cost, simple configuration, easy to operate; has a relatively high efficiency, and is energy-saving, and aesthetic. Water remediation in FTWs is supported by plant uptake and the growth of a biofilm on the water plant roots, so the selection of the macrophyte species is critical, not only to pollutant removal but also to the local ecosystem integrity, especially for full-scale implementation. The key factors such as buoyant frame/raft, plant growth support media, water depth, seasonal variation, and temperature have a considerable role in the design, operation, maintenance, and pollutant treatment performance of FTW. Harvesting is a necessary process to maintain efficient operation by limiting the re-pollution of plants in the decay phase. Furthermore, the harvested plant biomass can serve as a green source for the recovery of energy and value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Kim-Quyen Vo
- Faculty of Biology and Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI), 140 Le Trong Tan street, Tay Thanh ward, Tan Phu district, Ho Chi Minh city 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi-Dieu-Hien Vo
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Eleftheria Ntagia
- National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Kotamraju Amulya
- National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Ngoc-Kim-Qui Nguyen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet street, district 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung ward, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Pham-Yen-Nhi Tran
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet street, district 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung ward, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen-Thanh-Tung Ninh
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet street, district 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung ward, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Song-Lam Le
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet street, district 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung ward, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Linh-Thy Le
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City (UMP), ward 11, district 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Cong-Sac Tran
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet street, district 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung ward, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - The-Luong Ha
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet street, district 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung ward, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Mai-Duy-Thong Pham
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet street, district 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung ward, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan-Thanh Bui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet street, district 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung ward, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam.
| | - Piet N L Lens
- National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
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15
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Hasnain M, Zainab R, Ali F, Abideen Z, Yong JWH, El-Keblawy A, Hashmi S, Radicetti E. Utilization of microalgal-bacterial energy nexus improves CO 2 sequestration and remediation of wastewater pollutants for beneficial environmental services. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 267:115646. [PMID: 37939556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels and coal are primary contributors of greenhouse gases leading to global climate change and warming. The toxicity of heavy metals and metalloids in the environment threatens ecological functionality, diversity and global human life. The ability of microalgae to thrive in harsh environments such as industrial wastewater, polluted lakes, and contaminated seawaters presents new, environmentally friendly, and less expensive CO2 remediation solutions. Numerous microalgal species grown in wastewater for industrial purposes may absorb and convert nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter into proteins, oil, and carbohydrates. In any multi-faceted micro-ecological system, the role of bacteria and their interactions with microalgae can be harnessed appropriately to enhance microalgae performance in either wastewater treatment or algal production systems. This algal-bacterial energy nexus review focuses on examining the processes used in the capture, storage, and biological fixation of CO2 by various microalgal species, as well as the optimized production of microalgae in open and closed cultivation systems. Microalgal production depends on different biotic and abiotic variables to ultimately deliver a high yield of microalgal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hasnain
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rida Zainab
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faraz Ali
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 2727, Sharjah, UAE.
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, 23456, Sweden.
| | - Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 2727, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Saud Hashmi
- Department of Polymer and Petrochemical Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Emanuele Radicetti
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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16
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Zou Y, Xiao Z, Wang L, Wang Y, Yin H, Li Y. Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors in the sediment of WWTP effluent-dominated rivers. Sci Total Environ 2023; 897:165441. [PMID: 37437635 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
In the context of increasing aridity due to climate changes, effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) became dominant in some rivers. However, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factors (VFs) in effluent-dominated rivers was rarely investigated. In this study, the profiles of ARGs and VFs in the sediment of two effluent-dominated rivers were revealed through the metagenomic sequencing technique. In each river, samples from the effluent discharge point (P site) and approximately 500 m downstream (D site) were collected. Results showed that the abundances of ARGs and VFs were both higher in D sites than those in P sites, indicating higher risks in the downstream areas. The compositions of ARGs were similar in the P sites of two rivers while being distinct in the D sites. The same was true for changes in the VFs compositions. Microbial community structure variations were the main driver for the changes in ARGs and VFs. Network analysis revealed that the interaction of ARGs and VF genes (VFGs) in sediment was intense. Two VFGs and eleven ARGs were identified to play important roles in the network. Metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were generated to evaluate the coexistence of ARGs and VFGs at the single genome level. It was found that 38.4 % of the MAGs contained both ARGs and VFGs, and two MAGs were from pathogenic genera. These results suggested that high microbiological risks existed in effluent-dominated rivers, and necessary measures should be taken to prevent the potential threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yina Zou
- The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Zijian Xiao
- The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Dayu College, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Haojie Yin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
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17
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Xiao Y, Han D, Currell M, Song X, Zhang Y. Review of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs) in China's water environments: Implications for environmental fate, transport and health risks. Water Res 2023; 245:120645. [PMID: 37769420 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs) are ubiquitous in soil and water system and have become a great issue of environmental and public health concern since the 1990s. However, the occurrence and mechanism(s) of EDCs' migration and transformation at the watershed scale are poorly understood. A review of EDCs pollution in China's major watersheds (and comparison to other countries) has been carried out to better assess these issues and associated ecological risks, compiling a large amount of data. Comparing the distribution characteristics of EDCs in water environments around the world and analyzing various measures and systems for managing EDCs internationally, the significant insights of the review are: 1) There are significant spatial differences and concentration variations of EDCs in surface water and groundwater in China, yet all regions present non-negligible ecological risks. 2) The hyporheic zone, as a transitional zone of surface water and groundwater interaction, can effectively adsorb and degrade EDCs and prevent the migration of high concentrations of EDCs from surface water to groundwater. This suggests that more attention needs to be paid to the role played by critical zones in water environments, when considering the removal of EDCs in water environments. 3) In China, there is a lack of comprehensive and effective regulations to limit and reduce EDCs generated during human activities and their discharge into the water environment. 4) To prevent the deterioration of surface water and groundwater quality, the monitoring and management of EDCs in water environments should be strengthened in China. This review provides a thorough survey of scientifically valid data and recommendations for the development of policies for the management of EDCs in China's water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongmei Han
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Matthew Currell
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, SA; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, SA
| | - Xianfang Song
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, 100036, China
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18
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Dai T, Wang L, Li T, Qiu P, Wang J, Song H. Potential linkage between WWTPs-river-integrated area pollution risk assessment and dissolved organic matter spectral index. Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45:6693-6711. [PMID: 37355494 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01637-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The direct discharge of wastewater can cause severe damage to the water environment of the surface water. However, the influence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) present in wastewater on the allocation of DOM, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in rivers remains largely unexplored. Addressing the urgent need to monitor areas affected by direct wastewater discharge in a long-term and systematic manner is crucial. In this paper, the DOM of overlying water and sediment in the WWTPs-river-integrated area was characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis), three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix combined with parallel factor (PARAFAC) method. The effects of WWTPs on receiving waters were investigated, and the potential link between DOM and N, P pollution was explored. The pollution risk was fitted and predicted using a spectral index. The results indicate that the improved water quality index (IWQI) is more suitable for the WWTPs-river integration zone. The DOM fraction in this region is dominated by humic-like matter, which is mainly influenced by WWTPs drainage as well as microbial activities. The DOM fractions in sediment and overlying water were extremely similar, but fluorescence intensity possessed more significant spatial differences. The increase in humic-like matter facilitates the production and preservation of P and also inhibits nitrification, thus affecting the N cycle. There is a significant correlation between DOM fraction, fluorescence index, and N, P. Fluorescence index (FI) fitting of overlying water DOM predicted IWQI and trophic level index, and a(254) fitting of sediment DOM predicted nitrogen and phosphorus pollution risk (FF) with good results. These results contribute to a better understanding of the impact of WWTPs on receiving waters and the potential link between DOM and N and P pollution and provide new ideas for monitoring the water environment in highly polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoyan Dai
- School of Water Resources and Electricity, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Liquan Wang
- School of Water Resources and Electricity, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Tienan Li
- Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Pengpeng Qiu
- Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Haotian Song
- School of Water Resources and Electricity, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
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19
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Liang S, Yin L, Zhang D, Su D, Qu HY. ResNet14Attention network for identifying the titration end-point of potassium dichromate. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18992. [PMID: 37609400 PMCID: PMC10440524 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of industry, the increasing discharge of sewage causes the detection of water quality to be of increasing importance. Potassium dichromate titration is one of the most important testing methods in water quality detection; the ability to accurately identify the titration end-point of potassium dichromate is currently a research challenge. To identify titration end-point quickly and accurately, this study proposes a ResNet14Attention network, which utilizes residual modules that focus on original image information and an attention mechanism that focuses highly on classification targets. The proposed ResNet14Attention network is compared with 12 convolutional neural networks such as ResNet series networks, VGG, and GoogLeNet. The results of comparison experiments reveal that only the proposed ResNet14Attention network has the highest training and testing accuracy of 100% among all convolutional neural networks in the comparison experiment; the proposed ResNet14Attention network has the highest training speed compared to all the networks that over 90% accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Linfei Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Dashui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanning University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Dongwei Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Hui-Ying Qu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanning University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
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20
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Li L, Gu M, Gong C, Hu Y, Wang X, Yang Z, He Z. An advanced remote sensing retrieval method for urban non-optically active water quality parameters: An example from Shanghai. Sci Total Environ 2023; 880:163389. [PMID: 37030367 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The optical insensitivity of non-optically active water quality parameters (NAWQPs) presents a significant challenge for remote sensing-based quantitative monitoring, which is an important tool for water quality assessment and management. Based on the analysis of the samples from Shanghai, China, it was found that the spectral morphological characteristics of the water body were obviously different under the combined effect of multiple NAWQPs. In view of this, in this paper, a machine learning method was proposed for the retrieval of urban NAWQPs by using multi-spectral scale morphological combined feature (MSMCF). The proposed method integrates both local and global spectral morphological features, and employs a multi-scale approach to enhance its applicability and stability, providing a more accurate and robust solution. To explore the applicability of the MSMCF method in retrieving urban NAWQPs, different methods were tested in terms of the retrieval accuracy and stability on the measured data and three different hyperspectral data. As can be seen from the results, the proposed method has good retrieval performance, which can be applied to hyperspectral data with different spectral resolutions with certain ability to suppress noise. Further analysis indicates that the sensitivity of each NAWQP to spectral morphological features varies. The research methods and findings in this paper can promote the development of hyperspectral and remote sensing technology in the prevention and treatment of urban water quality deterioration, and provide reference for related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Infrared System Detection and Imaging Technologies, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China.
| | - Mingjian Gu
- Key Laboratory of Infrared System Detection and Imaging Technologies, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Cailan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Infrared System Detection and Imaging Technologies, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Infrared System Detection and Imaging Technologies, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Shanghai 200333, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Infrared System Detection and Imaging Technologies, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijing Shan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhijie He
- Key Laboratory of Infrared System Detection and Imaging Technologies, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijing Shan District, Beijing 100049, China
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21
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Zhang B, Tang H, Huang D, Liu C, Shi W, Shen Y. Effect of superficial gas velocity on membrane fouling behavior and evolution during municipal wastewater treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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22
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Zhu Q, Li G, Li X, Li C, Li J, Zhao C, Cui J, Du C, Tian Z, Shi Y, Ma Y, Zhang L. Effect of microbial network complexity and stability on nitrogen and sulfur pollutant removal during sediment remediation in rivers affected by combined sewer overflows. Chemosphere 2023; 331:138832. [PMID: 37150460 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Discovering the complexity and improving the stability of microbial networks in urban rivers affected by combined sewer overflows (CSOs) is essential for restoring the ecological functions of urban rivers, especially to improve their ability to resist CSO impacts. In this study, the effects of sediment remediation on the complexity and stability of microbial networks was investigated. The results revealed that the restored microbial community structure using different approaches in the river sediments differed significantly, and random matrix theory showed that sediment remediation significantly affected microbial networks and topological properties; the average path distance, average clustering coefficient, connectedness, and other network topological properties positively correlated with remediation time and weakened the small-world characteristics of the original microbial networks. Compared with other sediment remediation methods, regulating low dissolved oxygen (DO) shifts the microbial network module hubs from Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes to Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria. This decreases the positive association of networks by 17%-18%, which intensifies the competitiveness among microorganisms, further weakening the influence and transmission of external pressure across the entire microbial network. Compared with that of the original sediment, the vulnerability of the restored network was reduced by more than 36%, while the compositional stability was improved by more than 12%, with reduced fluctuation in natural connectivity. This microbial network succession substantially increased the number of key enzyme-producing genes involved in nitrogen and sulfur metabolism, enhancing nitrification, denitrification, and assimilatory sulfate reduction, thereby increasing the removal rates of ammonia, nitrate, and acid volatile sulfide by 43.42%, 250.68% and 2.66%, respectively. This study comprehensively analyzed the succession patterns of microbial networks in urban rivers affected by CSOs before and after sediment remediation, which may provide a reference for reducing the impact of CSO pollution on urban rivers in the subsequent stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Eco-Environmental Research Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Guowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Caole Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jiaxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jianglong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Caili Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhenjun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yuzhu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yangyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Lieyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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23
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Yuan S, Zhang W, Li W, Li Z, Wu M, Shan B. Shifts in the bacterial community caused by combined pollutant loads in the North Canal River, China. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:541-551. [PMID: 36522084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A typical anthropogenically disturbed urban river polluted by a combination of conventional pollutants (nitrogen and phosphorus pollution) and heavy metals was investigated along a 238 km stretch. Changes in the bacterial community were evaluated using high-throughput sequencing, and the relationships between bacteria, heavy metals, and conventional pollutants were investigated. There was large spatial heterogeneity in the bacterial community along the river, and bacterial diversity in the upstream and midstream sections was much higher than in the downstream section. Heavy metals and conventional pollutants both exhibited close correlations with bacterial diversity and composition. For instance, potential fecal indicator bacteria, sewage indicator bacteria and pathogenic bacteria, such as Ruminococcus and Pseudomonas, were closely associated with Cu, Zn, and NH4+-N. Rather than conventional pollutants, heavy metals were the main driving factors of the microbial community characteristics. These results confirm that bacterial communities play a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles. Therefore, heavy metals could be used as biomarkers of complex pollution to indicate the pollution status of riverine ecosystems and contribute to the restoration of habitats in anthropogenically disturbed urban rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengguang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Wenye Li
- Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhenhan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Minshan Wu
- Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Baoqing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Li J, Liu X, Zhao G, Liu Z, Cai Y, Wang S, Shen C, Hu B, Wang X. Piezoelectric materials and techniques for environmental pollution remediation. Sci Total Environ 2023; 869:161767. [PMID: 36702283 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of industrialization and agriculture, a series of critical imminent environmental problems and water pollution have caught wide attention from the public and society. Piezoelectric catalysis technology with piezoelectric materials is a green and environmental method that can efficiently improve the separation of electron-hole pairs, then generating the active substances such as OH, H2O2 and O2-, which can degrade water pollutants. Therefore, we firstly surveyed the piezoelectric catalysis in piezoelectric materials and systematically concluded and emphasized the relationship between piezoelectric materials and the piezoelectric catalytic mechanism, the goal to elucidate the effect of polarization on piezoelectric catalytic performance and enhance piezoelectric catalytic performance. Subsequently, the applications of piezoelectric materials in water treatment and environmental pollutant remediation were discussed including degradation of organic pollutants, removal of heavy mental ions, radionuclides, bacteria disinfection and water splitting for H2 generation. Finally, the development prospects and future outlooks of piezoelectric catalysis were presented in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanlong Li
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Xiaolu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Guixia Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China
| | - Yawen Cai
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China
| | - Suhua Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, PR China
| | - Chi Shen
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China
| | - Baowei Hu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China.
| | - Xiangke Wang
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
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25
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Wang T, Shi P, Wang M, Zhang S. Preparation of AuNP-CQD/PDA/GO anode for MFC and its treatment of oily sewage from ships. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:56198-56206. [PMID: 36918487 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Oily sewage discharged from ships has brought many harms to the marine environment, even endangered marine life and human life. As a new type of water treatment technology, microbial fuel cell (MFC) can efficiently treat pollutants and recover energy, which can be converted into electric energy. However, its large internal resistance restricts its development. In order to solve the problems of low power generation performance and poor biocompatibility of microbial fuel cell, a gold nanoparticle-carbon quantum dot/polydopamine/graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose (AuNP-CQD/PDA/GO/BC) electrode was prepared, and it was applied to the treatment of oily sewage from ships. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and contact angle measuring instrument were used to characterize the electrode. The results show that PDA bridges GO and AuNP-CQD particles through the electrostatic interaction/π-π bond/hydrogen bonding, respectively. This attracts a large number of microorganisms to attach to the surface of the porous anode material, which greatly improves the activity and quantity of microorganisms. Moreover, the maximum power density of AuNP-CQD/PDA/GO/BC electrode is 2624.91 mW/m2, which obviously improves the electrochemical performance of MFC. The oil content of the treated water is ≤ 15 mg/L, reaching the discharge of MARPOL 73/78 convention. Therefore, the proposed approach has paved new dimensions in not only the preparation of a new composite electrode materials but also its applications as effective degradation of ship oily sewage in MFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Wang
- School of Shipping, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, 250357, Shandong, China
| | - Peibo Shi
- School of Shipping, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, 250357, Shandong, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- School of Shipping, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, 250357, Shandong, China
| | - Shaojun Zhang
- School of Shipping, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, 250357, Shandong, China.
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26
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Li J, Liu X, Zhao G, Liu Z, Cai Y, Wang S, Shen C, Hu B, Wang X. Piezoelectric materials and techniques for environmental pollution remediation. Science of The Total Environment 2023; 869:161767. [DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
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27
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Wu S, Bashir MA, Raza QUA, Rehim A, Geng Y, Cao L. Application of riparian buffer zone in agricultural non-point source pollution control—A review. Front Sustain Food Syst 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2023.985870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Water is an important natural element of our environment, and its management and security are also serious concerns. Agricultural non-point source pollution (NPSP) is one of the major sources of contaminants causing water quality degradation. A riparian buffer zone is a vegetative cover adjacent to water channels that positively contributes to pollutant filtration and sediment trapping. It has the potential to filter nutrients, reduce nutrients and pesticide leakage, provide habitat and protection against floods, minimize erosion issues, improve biodiversity and ecological connectivity, and add aesthetics to the area. Moreover, it is inexpensive and requires little maintenance making buffer zone an attractive approach to NPSP control. In this review, we have enlightened the effects of the riparian buffer zone on water quality and agricultural NPSP and how its structures and mechanisms contribute to controlling water pollution effectively. We conclude that the riparian buffer zone is an effective technique for water safety, NPSP control, and creating a suitable environment for terrestrial and aquatic species. Moreover, it has the potential to reduce the water temperature due to the shading effect and sustain water habitat acting as a climate adaptation tools. Buffer zones should be adopted for agricultural non-point source pollution and achieve environmental sustainability. However, the long-term influence of the riparian buffer zone on trapping NPS pollutants, soil properties, and groundwater quality is s research gap.
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28
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Barrocas BT, Osawa R, Oliveira MC, Monteiro OC. Enhancing Removal of Pollutants by Combining Photocatalysis and Photo-Fenton Using Co, Fe-Doped Titanate Nanowires. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:2051. [PMID: 36903166 PMCID: PMC10004198 DOI: 10.3390/ma16052051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to improve their photocatalytic performance, titanate nanowires (TNW) were modified by Fe and Co (co)-doping, FeTNW, CoTNW and CoFeTNW samples, using a hydrothermal methodology. XRD characterization agrees with the existence of Fe and Co in the lattice structure.and the existence of Co2+ together with the presence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the structure was confirmed by XPS. The optical characterization of the modified powders shows the impact of the d-d transitions of both metals in the absorption properties of TNW, mainly in the creation of additional 3d energetic levels within the prohibited zone. The effect of the doping metal(s) in the recombination rate of photo-generated charge carriers suggests a higher impact of Fe presence when compared to Co. The photocatalytic characterization of the prepared samples was evaluated via the removal of acetaminophen. Furthermore, a mixture containing both acetaminophen and caffeine, a well-known commercial combination, was also tested. CoFeTNW sample was the best photocatalyst for the degradation of acetaminophen in both situations. A mechanism for the photo-activation of the modified semiconductor is discussed and a model proposed. It was concluded that both Co and Fe are essential, within the TNW structure, for the successful removal of acetaminophen and caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. T. Barrocas
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R. Osawa
- FT-ICR and Structural Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M. Conceição Oliveira
- Centro Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - O. C. Monteiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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29
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Ma Z, Liu C, Srinivasakannan C, Li L, Wang Y. Synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4-HKUST-1 nanocomposites for azo dye adsorption. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
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30
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Liu Y, Ali A, Su JF, Li K, Hu RZ, Wang Z. Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation: Influencing factors, nucleation pathways, and application in waste water remediation. Sci Total Environ 2023; 860:160439. [PMID: 36574549 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a technique that uses the metabolic action of microorganisms to produce CO32- which combines with free Ca2+ to form CaCO3 precipitation. It has gained widespread attention in water treatment, aimed with the advantages of simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants, environmental protection, and ecological sustainability. This article reviewed the mechanism of MICP at both intra- and extra-cellular levels. It summarized the parameters affecting the MICP process in terms of bacterial concentration, ambient temperature, etc. The current status of MICP application in practical engineering is discussed. Based on this, the current technical difficulties faced in the use of MICP technology were outlined, and future research directions for MICP technology were highlighted. This review helps to improve the design of existing water treatment facilities for the simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants using the MICP and provides theoretical reference and innovative thinking for related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jun-Feng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Kai Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Rui-Zhu Hu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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31
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Liu X, Fu L, Liu H, Zhang D, Xiong C, Wang S, Zhang L. Design of Zr-MOFs by Introducing Multiple Ligands for Efficient and Selective Capturing of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:5974-5989. [PMID: 36649205 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The existence of lead ions seriously affects the quality of many metal products in metallurgical enterprises. Currently, the various methods of lead-ion removal tried by researchers will affect valuable metals in the removal process, thus resulting in low economic efficiency. In this study, a novel metal-organic framework adsorbent (UiO-FHD) which efficiently and selectively captures lead ions is developed by introducing multiple ligands. The maximum adsorption capacity of lead ions is 433.15 mg/g at pH 5. The adsorption process accords with the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Langmuir isotherm models at room temperature. Thermodynamic experiments indicate that the removal of Pb(II) is facilitated by appropriate temperature reduction. The performance tests indicate that UiO-FHD maintains a high removal rate of 90.35% for Pb(II) after four consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. The distribution coefficient of lead ions (26.7 L/g) shows that UiO-FHD has excellent selective adsorption for lead ions. It is revealed that the chelation of the sulfhydryl groups and the electrostatic interaction of the hydroxyl groups are the dominant factors to improve the removal rate of Pb(II) by density functional theory calculations. This study clarifies the value of self-designed novel organic ligands in metal-organic framework materials that selectively capture heavy-metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
| | - Likang Fu
- National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
| | - Dekun Zhang
- National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
| | - Chao Xiong
- Fine Chemical Industry Research Institute, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 Guangdong, China
| | - Shixing Wang
- National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093 Yunnan, China
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32
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Zhang P, Qu Y, Qiang Y, Xiao Y, Chu C, Qin C. Indicators, Goals, and Assessment of the Water Sustainability in China: A Provincial and City-Level Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2431. [PMID: 36767808 PMCID: PMC9915312 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The United Nations and scholars called for more attention and efforts for cleaner water and water sustainability. This study established a water sustainability evaluating method framework, including indicators, goals, and methods and performs provincial and city-level assessments as case studies. The framework involves six fields, surface water quality, marine environmental quality, water-soil-agriculture, water infrastructure, water conservation, aquatic ecology, water-efficient use, and pollutant emission reduction. The methods innovatively integrate multi fields and concerns of water sustainability while providing a goal-oriented evaluation and implementing the United Nations' call for the refinement and clarification of SDGs. China's overall water sustainability was evaluated as 0.821 in 2021, and have performed well in surface water quality, sea quality, water conservation, and aquatic ecology fields while performing poorly in the water-soil-agriculture field. The overall strategy, policy, and action for water sustainability could be developed based on the evaluation. The water sustainability evaluation presented the regional and field/indicator differentiations. It is necessary to implement regionally classified policies and differentiated management for sustainable water development. The correlation analysis with socioeconomic factors implies the complicated and intimate interaction between socioeconomic development and water sustainability while revealing that development stages and the inherent conditions of natural ecology and water sources bring about the differentiations. A comprehensive evaluation of water sustainability may be three-dimensional, involving water quality and ecology, development related to water, and water resources and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhang
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- Yantai Consulting & Designing Institute of Environmental Engineering, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Ye Qiang
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100043, China
- The Center for Beautiful China, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100043, China
- The Center for Beautiful China, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Chengjun Chu
- Center of Environmental Status and Plan Assessment, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Changbo Qin
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100043, China
- The Center for Beautiful China, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100043, China
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Dai D, Huang G, Lei K, Cai W, Zhao X, Sun Q, Hu J. Improvement in water pollution control alters nutrient stoichiometry of Guanting Reservoir near Beijing, North China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:45924-45935. [PMID: 36715807 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25558-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Significant improvement in wastewater treatment is the most effective way for eutrophication control, especially in semiarid regions. However, its effect on the nutrient status and stoichiometry of the receiving water body has remained poorly considered and understood at broad temporal scales. Taking Guanting Reservoir (GR) in Hebei-Beijing (P. R. China) as an example, we present a study that links a continuous monitoring dataset for GR with corresponding estimates of human-induced nutrient discharges in its watershed from the year 2006 to 2019. We find that current GR belongs to strict P limitation and the faster decrease of TP than TN concentrations and continuous increase of TN/TP mass ratios in GR are attributed to the water restoration investment-induced declining of nutrient loadings. The improved municipal wastewater treatment capacity is mainly responsible for these significant changes, due to the higher removal efficiency of TP than TN in municipal wastewater. Given the potential ecological impact on aquatic biodiversity as well as ecosystem function of changes in TN/TP ratios and higher retention rate of TP (97.4%) compared with TN (93.1%) in GR, our findings highlight that future strategy for water pollution control should not only concentrate on more nutrient reduction efficiencies but attach importance to their stoichiometric balance to reduce the potential risk of phytoplankton blooms and toxin production during the water quality recovery of lakes or reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute ofHydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoxian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Cai
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianfu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute ofHydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute ofHydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
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Wai HS, Li C. Fabrication of Well-Aligned ZnO Nanorods with Different Reaction Times by Chemical Bath Deposition Method Applying for Photocatalysis Application. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010397. [PMID: 36615591 PMCID: PMC9822363 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanorods were grown on an aluminum-doped zinc oxide seeds layer using the chemical bath deposition method. The effects of growth reaction time on the structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of zinc oxide nanorods were investigated. It was clearly observed that the growth direction of zinc oxide nanorods were dependent on the crystallinity of the as-deposited aluminum-doped zinc oxide seed layer. The crystallinity of the obtained zinc oxide nanorods was improved with the increase in reaction times during the chemical bath deposition process. The mechanism of zinc oxide nanorod growth revealed that the growth rate of nanorods was influenced by the reaction times. With increasing reaction times, there were much more formed zinc oxide crystalline stacked growth along the c-axis orientation resulting in an increase in the length of nanorods. The longest nanorods and the high crystallinity were obtained from the zinc oxide nanorods grown within 5 h. The optical transmittance of all zinc oxide nanorods was greater than 70% in the visible region. Zinc oxide nanorods grown for 5 h showed the highest degradation efficiency of methyl red under ultraviolet light and had a high first-order degradation rate of 0.0051 min-1. The photocatalytic mechanism was revealed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htet Su Wai
- School of Systems Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada cho, Kami City 782-8502, Kochi, Japan
| | - Chaoyang Li
- School of Systems Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada cho, Kami City 782-8502, Kochi, Japan
- Center of Nanotechnology, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada cho, Kami City 782-8502, Kochi, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-887-57-2106
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Feng Z, Xu C, Zuo Y, Luo X, Wang L, Chen H, Xie X, Yan D, Liang T. Analysis of water quality indexes and their relationships with vegetation using self-organizing map and geographically and temporally weighted regression. Environ Res 2023; 216:114587. [PMID: 36270529 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Natural vegetation has been proved to promote water purification in previous studies, while the relevant laws has not been excavated systematically. This research explored the relationships between vegetation cover and water quality indexes in Liaohe River Basin in China combined with self-organizing map (SOM) and geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) innovatively and systematically based on the distributing heterogeneity of water quality conditions. Results showed that the central and northeast regions of the study area had serious organic and nutrient pollution, which needed targeted treatment. And SOM verified that high vegetation coverage with retention potential of organic and inorganic pollutants as well as nutrients improved water quality to some degree, while the excessive discharges of pollutants still had serious threats to nearby water environment despite the purification function of vegetation. GTWR indicated that the waterside vegetation was beneficial for dissolved oxygen increasing and contributed to the decreasing of organic pollutants and inorganic pollutants with reducibility. Natural vegetation also obsorbed nutrients like TN and TP to some degree. However, the retential potential of nitrogen and organic pollutants became not obvious when there were heavy pollution, which demonstrated that pollution sources should be controlled despite the purification function of vegetation. This study implied that natural vegetation purified water quality to some degree, while this function could not be revealed when there was too heavy pollution. These findings underscore that the pollutant discharge should be controlled though the natural vegetation in ecosystem promoted the purification of water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Feng
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chengjian Xu
- Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430010, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Water Environment Treatment in the Yangtze River Basin, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Yiping Zuo
- Foreign Environmental Cooperation Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430010, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Basin Water Security, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430010, China; Key Laboratory of Changjiang Regulation and Protection of Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiaojing Xie
- Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430010, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Water Environment Treatment in the Yangtze River Basin, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430010, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Water Environment Treatment in the Yangtze River Basin, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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Zhang X, Liang X, Xu M, Wang J, Wang F, Chen M. In situ recombination for durable photoelectrocatalytic degradation of organic dye in wastewater. Chemosphere 2023; 312:137237. [PMID: 36400199 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) can effectively degrade organic pollutants by using photoelectrodes without secondary pollution. However, significant mass transport resistance and decreased catalytic activity caused by the shedding of active components remain a barrier to achieving the photocatalytic system with a high degradation rate and long-term durability. Here, an in situ recombination concept is presented to overcome this challenge. The bionic coral-like electrode, obtained by in situ assembly of UIO-66 around TiO2 nanoflowers (TNF) on Ti-foam substrate, is employed as the photoanode in PEC. Ex situ evaluation of photoelectrochemical activity demonstrates that the UIO-66@TNF/Ti-foam (U@T/T) design significantly improves the light-propagation, light-absorption and charge transfer. In Situ degradation evaluations also shows that the interesting design promotes rapid and stable degradation of organic dye (e.g. Rhodamine B (RhB)). At 2.0 V of bias potential and pH 7.0 in 5 mg L-1 RhB, under the action of active species such as ·O2- and ·OH (proved by the degradation mechanism experiments), the removal rate of RhB can reach 96.1% at 120 min and almost complete removal at 200 min (99.1%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, People's Republic of China; School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Liang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mai Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengwu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minggong Chen
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, People's Republic of China.
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Tahir MY, Sillanpaa M, Almutairi TM, Mohammed AAA, Ali S. Excellent photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of bio-activated carbon decorated magnesium oxide nanoparticles. Chemosphere 2023; 312:137327. [PMID: 36410509 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Green production of nanomaterials are restrict toxic substances and motivated the noxious free environment. Photocatalysis and antibacterial resistance are more promising and efficient fields for their chemical reductants and clean environment. Herein, we adopted a green and simple method for the biosynthesis of MgO NPs using Manilkara zapota as a bio source. Recently, the green synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles has been a keen interest amongst researchers and scientists due to its simplicity eco-friendliness, non-toxic, inexpensive and potential to perform as an antibacterial agent. Activated carbon/Magnesium oxide (AC/MgO) photocatalyst was blended through a simple solution evaporation method. The surface electron microscopy (SEM) study reviles that AC/MgO had smooth and aggregated particles. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) study confirms the structural formation and incorporation of nanoparticles into the AC matrix. Results confirmed the flourishing integration of MgO NPs over the activated carbon matrix. The electron movement and valency of AC/MgO photocatalyst reduced the bandgap and their findings were characterized by ultra visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The blended AC/MgO photocatalyst was analyzed for photodegradation of Rhodamine- B (Rh-B) dye using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The degradation study projects that the AC/MgO photocatalyst degrades (Rh-B) dye with 99% efficiency under simulated solar irradiation. This efficient degradation of (Rh-B) dye by AC/MgO photocatalyst is ascribed to the synergetic AC as catalytic support and adsorbent and MgO as photocatalyst. Finally, the photocatalytic material shows a better bactericidal effect in both gram-positive bacteria Escherichia coli-745 and gram-negative bacteria Staphylococcus aureus-9779. The AC/MgO photocatalyst is effectively used in bacteriocidal and photocatalytic removal of dyes and can be used for further development of water reuse and bio-medical fields. In addition, this research shows a viable method for synthesizing a cheap and effective AC/MgO for the photocatalytic destruction of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yahya Tahir
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Mika Sillanpaa
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tahani Mazyad Almutairi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah A A Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Manoj D, Rajendran S, Naushad M, Santhamoorthy M, Gracia F, Moscoso MS, Gracia-Pinilla MA. Mesoporogen free synthesis of CuO/TiO 2 heterojunction for ultra-trace detection of catechol in water samples. Environ Res 2023; 216:114428. [PMID: 36179883 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Creating mesoporous architecture on the surface of metal oxides without using pore creating agent is significant interest in electrochemical sensors because these materials act as an efficient electron transfer process between the electrode interface and the analytes. Recent advances in mesoporous titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based materials have acquired extraordinary opportunities because of their interconnected porous structure could act as a host for doping with various transition metals or heteroatoms to form a new type of heterojunction. Herein, a simple method is developed to synthesize mesoporous copper oxide (CuO) decorated on TiO2 nanostructures in which homogenous shaped CuO nanocrystals act as dopants decorated on the mesoporous structure of TiO2, resulting in p-n heterojunction nanocomposite. The TiO2 particles exhibit a mesoporous structure with a pore volume of about 0.117 cm3/g is capable to load CuO nanocrystals on the surface. As a result, large pore volume 0.304 cm³/g is obtained for CuO-TiO2 heterojunction nanocomposite with the loading of uniform-shaped CuO nanocrystals on the mesoporous TiO2. The resulting CuO-TiO2 nanocomposite on modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode exhibits good electrochemical performance for oxidation of catechol with the observation of strong enhancement in the anodic peak potential at +0.36 V. The decrease in the overpotential for the oxidation of catechol when compared to TiO2/GC is attributed to the presence of CuO nanocrystals providing a large surface area, resulting in wide linear range 10 nM to 0.57 μM. Moreover, the resultant modified electrode exhibited good sensitivity, selectivity and reproducibility and the sensor could able to determine the presence of catechol in real samples such as lake and river water. Therefore, the obtained CuO-TiO2 nanocomposite on the modified GC delivered good electrochemical sensing performance and which could be able to perform a promising strategy for designing various metal oxide doped nanocomposites for various photochemical and electrocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Manoj
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez 1775, Arica, Chile
| | - Saravanan Rajendran
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez 1775, Arica, Chile; Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, 60210, India.
| | - Mu Naushad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - F Gracia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, University of Chile, Beauchef 851, 6th Floor, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - M A Gracia-Pinilla
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas, Av. Universidad, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico; Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Centro de Investigación en Innovación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería y Tecnología, PIIT, Apodaca, NL, Mexico
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Mao Y, Zhang H, Cheng Y, Zhao J, Huang Z. The characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus output in China's highly urbanized Pearl River Delta region. J Environ Manage 2023; 325:116543. [PMID: 36279771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) transportation due to the anthropogenic activities have strong correlations to the water pollution events. In the highly urbanized Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China, the main input pathways for N and P have been changed. However, their main output pathways have not yet been understood. Based on the modified export coefficient model (ECM), we have quantified the N and P outputs and identified the main factors affecting the N and P outputs in highly urbanized areas such as PRD. The results showed that the N output intensity of the PRD has increased from 3010 to 3970 kg km-2·a-1 from 2008 to 2016. The P output exhibited a similar trend, from 549 to 769 kg km-2·a-1. In terms of spatial distribution, the output intensity gradually increased from economically underdeveloped regions to economically developed regions. N and P emissions in urban wastewater increased significantly with increasing urbanization rates, with output intensities increasing by 640 kg km-2·a-1 and 141 kg km-2·a-1 from 2008 to 2016, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that population density and urbanization rate were the most relevant factors with N and P outputs intensity in highly urbanized areas. This indicates that improving the effluent standards and utilization rates of wastewater treatment plants in these regions are effective measures to control N and P output. Our findings provide some new theoretical basis for the identification and management of pollution sources in highly urbanized areas for other regions, especially developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Yuanhui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
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Yang F, Guo J, Qi R, Yan C. Isotopic and hydrochemical analyses reveal nitrogen source variation and enhanced nitrification in a managed peri-urban watershed. Environ Pollut 2023; 316:120534. [PMID: 36341828 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Watershed management practices (WMPs) alter the sources and transformation of reactive nitrogen (N) in peri-urban watersheds, but a precise description of how WMPs impact N cycling is still lacking. In this study, four sampling campaigns were conducted in the wet and dry seasons of 2019 (before WMPs) and 2020 (after WMPs) to determine the spatiotemporal variations in nitrate isotopes (15N-NO3- and 18O-NO3-) and hydrochemical compositions in the Muli River watershed. The results showed that the WMPs could significantly reduce the N load in the middle and lower reaches, but substantial improvements were not observed in 2020. Manure and sewage (M&S, 36.2 ± 15.8-55.0 ± 19.4%) was the major source of nitrate (NO3-) in the stream water, followed by smaller-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs, 14.0 ± 10.9-25.6 ± 11.5%). The WMPs were effective in controlling M&S, resulting in an approximately 16.7% (p < 0.01) lower M&S contribution during the dry season in 2020 compared to that in 2019. However, the smaller-scale WWTP input increased by approximately 5.4% (p < 0.01) after the WMPs. During the study period, the assimilation of NO3- by phytoplankton was important for NO3- loss, but the WMPs promoted nitrification in the watershed because of the elevated redox potential (Eh). Overall, the present study provides a better estimate of the variations in nitrogen sources and transformation in a peri-urban watershed after WMPs and provides an approach for developing timely nitrogen management solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Ran Qi
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Changzhou Yan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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Zeng C, Aboagye EM, Li H, Che S. Comments and recommendations on Sponge City - China's solutions to prevent flooding risks. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12745. [PMID: 36685432 PMCID: PMC9853309 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background /Objective: Flooding risk is a global issue, and various approaches have been established to prevent flooding risk around the world. China is one of the heavily flood-affected countries and has been implementing the Sponge City program since 2015 to defend against flooding. Unfortunately, flooding has been common in China in recent years, causing severe health risks to citizens. This research mainly focuses on (a) evaluating the implementation of China's Sponge City program and the associated impacts on human health and (b) exploring the future improvement of the Sponge City program in China. Methods The Interpretive Document Approach was used to explore an inclusive review of the Sponge City program and its implications on human health. Results /Findings: The Sponge City program in China is still insufficient to prevent flooding risks effectively. In the past eight years, 24/34 provinces have recorded flooding, which caused a total of 4701 deaths and over 525.5 billion RMB (around 72.9 billion US$) in economic loss. Till now, only 64/654 cities have promulgated local legislation to manage sponge city construction, although the Sponge City was implemented in 2015. Besides, the completed Sponge City program constructions cannot fully prevent flooding risks, the flood prevention capacity is limited. The Sponge City program is not granted priority, lacking national legislation hinders Sponge City program implementation in China. Conclusions China needs to make national legislation on the Sponge City program and update the Sponge City program technology guidelines. Local governments should implement Sponge City construction according to local geographic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zeng
- School of Law, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430275, Hubei, China,Corresponding author.
| | | | - Huijun Li
- School of Law, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430275, Hubei, China
| | - Shirui Che
- Law School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Wang L, Song H, An J, Dong B, Wu X, Wu Y, Wang Y, Li B, Liu Q, Yu W. Nutrients and Environmental Factors Cross Wavelet Analysis of River Yi in East China: A Multi-Scale Approach. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:496. [PMID: 36612818 PMCID: PMC9819906 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of nutrients in rivers is a major cause of eutrophication, and the change in nutrient content is affected by a variety of factors. Taking the River Yi as an example, this study used wavelet analysis tools to examine the periodic changes in nutrients and environmental factors, as well as the relationship between nutrients and environmental factors. The results revealed that total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) exhibit multiscale oscillation features, with the dominating periods of 16-17, 26, and 57-60 months. The continuous wavelet transform revealed periodic fluctuation laws on multiple scales between nutrients and several environmental factors. Wavelet transform coherence (WTC) was performed on nutrients and environmental factors, and the results showed that temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) have a strong influence on nutrient concentration fluctuation. The WTC revealed a weak correlation between pH and TP. On a longer period, however, pH was positively correlated with TN. The flow was found to be positively correct with N and P, while N and P were found to be negatively correct with DO and electrical conductance (EC) at different scales. In most cases, TP was negatively correlated with 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and permanganate index (CODMn). The correlation between TN and CODMn and BOD5 was limited, and no clear dominant phase emerged. In a nutshell, wavelet analysis revealed that water temperature, pH, DO, flow, EC, CODMn, and BOD5 had a pronounced influence on nutrient concentration in the River Yi at different time scales. In the case of the combination of environmental factors, pH and DO play the largest role in determining nutrient concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan An
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (J.A.)
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Wang X, Liu X, Wang L, Yang J, Wan X, Liang T. A holistic assessment of spatiotemporal variation, driving factors, and risks influencing river water quality in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Sci Total Environ 2022; 851:157942. [PMID: 35995155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is the source for many of the most important rivers in Asia. It is also an essential ecological barrier in China and has the characteristic of regional water conservation. Given this importance, we analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution patterns and trends of 10 water quality parameters. These measurements were taken monthly from 67 monitoring stations in the northeastern QTP from 2015 to 2019. To evaluate water quality trends, major factors influencing water quality, and water quality risks, we used a series of analytical approaches including Mann-Kendall test, Boruta algorithm, and interval fuzzy number-based set-pair analysis (IFN-SPA). The results revealed that almost all water monitoring stations in the northeastern QTP were alkaline. From 2015 to 2019, the water temperature and dissolved oxygen of most monitoring stations were significantly reduced. Chemical oxygen demand, permanganate index, five-day biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, and fluoride all showed a downward trend across this same time frame. The annual average total nitrogen (TN) concentration fluctuation did not significantly decrease across the measured time frame. Water quality index (WQI-DET) indicated bad or poor water quality in the study area; however, water quality index without TN (WQI-DET') reversed the water quality value. The difference between the two indexes suggested that TN was a significant parameter affecting river water quality in the northeastern QTP. Both Spearman correlation and Boruta algorithm show that elevation, urban land, cropland, temperature, and precipitation influence the overall water quality status in the northeastern QTP. The results showed that between 2015 and 2019, most rivers monitored had a relatively low risk of degradation in water quality. This study provides a new perspective on river water quality management, pollutant control, and risk assessment in an area like the QTP that has sensitive and fragile ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoming Wan
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wei K, Ma C, Xia J, Song J, Sun H, Gao J, Liu J. The impacts of China's crops trade on virtual water flow and water use sustainability of the "Belt and Road". J Environ Manage 2022; 323:116156. [PMID: 36261958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the "Belt and Road" initiative was put forward, the trade of crops between China and the countries have increased markedly. Agriculture is the most water-consuming sector, the trade of crops could influence national water availability via virtual water embodied in the products. In order to gain an in-depth understanding of the water use of crops traded in countries along the "Belt and Road", from the perspective of import and export of China's crops, based on the characteristics and driving factors of virtual water trade, we proposed the Water Use Potential Index (WUPI) to assess sustainability of countries and their crops, and constructed a more comprehensive virtual water trade research framework. Results showed that the import and export of virtual water in 64 countries was dominated by green virtual water content from 2001 to 2017, and China was in a virtual water trade surplus. The Association of South-East Asian Nations was China's leading importer and exporter. The level of agricultural available water resources, the proportion of the agricultural population, the scale of agricultural production and the virtual water intensity could promote the growth of virtual water trade in crops between China and countries along the "Belt and Road", while economic model and the population structure played a restraining role. In terms of water use potential, China and Kazakhstan had great sustainable water use potential for crops, and the trade structure of other countries still needed to be further optimized. Understanding the virtual water trade in crops can provide a reference for the rational planning of crop cultivation and water resource conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Chi Ma
- Institute of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China; Research Institute for Water Security (RIWS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Jinxi Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
| | - Haotian Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Junqing Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Junguo Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Jin X, Wu Y, Santhamoorthy M, Nhi Le TT, Le VT, Yuan Y, Xia C. Volatile organic compounds in water matrices: Recent progress, challenges, and perspective. Chemosphere 2022; 308:136182. [PMID: 36037942 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a group of organic compounds that have a molecular structure containing carbon and their chemical properties allow them to be easily converted to steam and gas and remain for a long period of time and have diverse effects on the environment. The purpose of this study is determination of the concentration of VOCs such as alachlor, anthracene, benzene, bromoform, chloroform, heptachlor, isophorone, tetrachloroethylene, γ -chlordane, toluene, etc. in water matrices. The results showed that among studies conducted on VOCs, the concentration of tetrachloroethylene, m,p-xylene, and toluene were at the top in water matrices, and the lowest average concentrations were found in chloroform, anthracene, and butyl benzyl phthalate. In terms of VOC concentrations in water matrices, China was the most polluted country. Moreover, the data analysis indicated that China was the only country with carcinogenic risk. A Monte-Carlo simulation showed that although the averages obtained were comparable to the acceptable limits, for heptachlor, the maximum carcinogenic risk is achieved at a level that is slightly over the limit, only 25% from the population being exposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Yingji Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | | | - Thi Thanh Nhi Le
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, 55000, Viet Nam; The Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, 55000, Viet Nam.
| | - Van Thuan Le
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, 55000, Viet Nam; The Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, 55000, Viet Nam
| | - Yan Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, PR China
| | - Changlei Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China.
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Wang X, Yu L, Liu T, He Y, Wu S, Chen H, Yuan X, Wang J, Li X, Li H, Que Z, Qing Z, Zhou T. Methane and nitrous oxide concentrations and fluxes from heavily polluted urban streams: Comprehensive influence of pollution and restoration. Environ Pollut 2022; 313:120098. [PMID: 36075337 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Streams draining urban areas are usually regarded as hotspots of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. However, little is known about the coupling effects of watershed pollution and restoration on CH4 and N2O emission dynamics in heavily polluted urban streams. This study investigated the CH4 and N2O concentrations and fluxes in six streams that used to be heavily polluted but have undergone different watershed restorations in Southwest China, to explore the comprehensive influences of pollution and restoration. CH4 and N2O concentrations in the six urban streams ranged from 0.12 to 21.32 μmol L-1 and from 0.03 to 2.27 μmol L-1, respectively. The calculated diffusive fluxes of CH4 and N2O were averaged of 7.65 ± 9.20 mmol m-2 d-1 and 0.73 ± 0.83 mmol m-2 d-1, much higher than those in most previous reports. The heavily polluted streams with non-restoration had 7.2 and 7.8 times CH4 and N2O concentrations higher than those in the fully restored streams, respectively. Particularly, CH4 and N2O fluxes in the fully restored streams were 90% less likely than those found in the unrestored ones. This result highlighted that heavily polluted urban streams with high pollution loadings were indeed hotspots of CH4 and N2O emissions throughout the year, while comprehensive restoration can effectively weaken their emission intensity. Sewage interception and nutrient removal, especially N loadings reduction, were effective measures for regulating the dynamics of CH4 and N2O emissions from the heavily polluted streams. Based on global and regional integration, it further elucidated that increasing environment investments could significantly improve water quality and mitigate CH4 and N2O emissions in polluted urban streams. Overall, our study emphasized that although urbanization could inevitably strengthen riverine CH4 and N2O emissions, effective eco-restoration can mitigate the crisis of riverine greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station, Chongqing, 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China.
| | - Lele Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station, Chongqing, 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yixin He
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; Zoige Peatland and Global Change Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hongyuan, 624400, China
| | - Shengnan Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station, Chongqing, 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China
| | - Huai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; Zoige Peatland and Global Change Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hongyuan, 624400, China
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station, Chongqing, 405400, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Jilong Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station, Chongqing, 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China
| | - Xianxiang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station, Chongqing, 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China
| | - Hang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station, Chongqing, 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China
| | - Ziyi Que
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station, Chongqing, 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China
| | - Zhaoyin Qing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station, Chongqing, 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing, 401331, China; Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station, Chongqing, 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China
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Zhou B, Xing M, Liao H, Li H, Vogt RD, Xu W, Jia L, Tian J, Meng J, Jing J, Liu D. Assessing Heavy Metal Pollution of the Largest Nature Reserve in Tianjin City, China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 109:684-690. [PMID: 35689129 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Beidagang Wetland (BW) Nature Reserve is centrally situated in Tianjin City, experiencing an extreme industrial development. This study uses index characteristic analysis systems for assessing the individual and combined heavy metal pollution loading in the water during the spring and autumn seasons. By combining the pollution level of single pollutant, a more comprehensive evaluation of water quality in BW was achieved. Water quality was worst during autumn due to high level of Cd and Pb, which indicate the type of anthropogenic activities have a serious effect on heavy metal pollution in BW. In addition, high exchangeable amounts of Cd (> 40%) were found in the sediments of BW, indicating Cd pollution has emerged. There is a need for appropriate abatement actions curbing heavy metal loading and improving water quality of the BW Nature Reserve, thereby ensuring a sustainable management of its ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
- Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China.
| | - Meinan Xing
- Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Haiqing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Hui Li
- Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Rolf D Vogt
- Norwegian Institute of Water Research (NIVA), Økerveien 94, 0579, Oslo, Norway
| | - Weijie Xu
- Tianjin Huanke Environmental Consulting Co. Ltd, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Liyun Jia
- Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Tianjin Huanke Environmental Consulting Co. Ltd, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Jianli Meng
- Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Jiangang Jing
- Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Tianjin Huanke Environmental Consulting Co. Ltd, Tianjin, 300191, China
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Fan W, Ao L, Zhang S. Sedimentary phosphorus fractions in typical lacustrine wetland of Changshou Lake flowing into the Three-Gorges Reservoir. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 109:706-712. [PMID: 35687132 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03559-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
River damming is ubiquitous which would impact the nutrient cycles of the river systems. Here an early eutrophicated reservoir (Changshou Lake) of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) was selected to investigate the phosphorus (P) biogeochemical migration. Nine sediment cores were collected in the littoral nature lacustrine wetland to help to determine the phosphorus distribution and fraction along the water level. Results revealed that the concentrations of phosphorus varied from 106 to 1178 mg/kg, with the highest concentration reported in the shallow water area. This was affected by the fluctuations of the water level and algae accumulation from the deep-water. In addition, it also indicated that the higher accumulation of phosphorus in the shallow water areas was predominated by HCl-P and BD-P fractions, which were potentially the main source of phosphorus in lacustrine wetlands. Hence, more attention should be paid to the autochthonous phosphorus control in the water level fluctuation area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Environmental Science, Ranjiaba Qishan Road 252 Yubei District Chongqing, 401147, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Ao
- Chongqing Academy of Environmental Science, Ranjiaba Qishan Road 252 Yubei District Chongqing, 401147, Chongqing, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Environmental Science, Ranjiaba Qishan Road 252 Yubei District Chongqing, 401147, Chongqing, China
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Yuan S, Zhang W, Li W, Li Z, Wu M, Shan B. Accumulation and potential ecological risks of Heavy Metals in sediments from Rivers in the Beijing-Tianjin Area. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 109:691-697. [PMID: 35715700 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Human activities can introduce heavy metals to water bodies, where they are then deposited in sediments. The risks, spatial distributions, and toxicities of heavy metals in sediment were investigated along the North Canal in the densely Beijing-Tianjin area. The average geoaccumulation index ranged from 0.2 to 2.91 and the highest value was obtained for Cd. All the pollution load indexes were greater than one, indicating that the heavy metals originated from anthropogenic sources. The risk indexes at three sampling points were greater than 300, indicating high potential ecological risk. Two probable effect concentration quotient values greater than 0.5, suggesting potential toxicity to certain sediment-dwelling organisms. Identification and evalution heavy metals could assist in improvement of the water quality, and support management strategies to restore the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengguang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenye Li
- Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Minshan Wu
- Hebei University of Engineering, 056038, Handan, China
| | - Baoqing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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50
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Feng Z, Liu X, Wang L, Wang Y, Yang J, Wang Y, Huan Y, Liang T, Yu QJ. Comprehensive efficiency evaluation of wastewater treatment plants in northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using slack-based data envelopment analysis. Environ Pollut 2022; 311:120008. [PMID: 36007794 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive efficiency analysis of wastewater treatment plants (WWPTs) in the alpine region with harsh environment and poor techniques as well as managing experience could provide targeted and effective improvement evidences for local wastewater treatment industry and help to improve the water quality of downstream reaches. In this paper, slack-based data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) was adopted to assess the operating efficiencies of WWPTs in northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Results showed that the average efficiency score for all WWPTs was 0.608, and 32.5% of WWPTs were efficient. Some WWPTs had large improvement potentials in operating costs and pollutant removal rates. Lowering expenditures and promoting facility construction for WWPTs to overcome the climate difficulties and improve management level was necessary according to their improvement potentials. In addition, the relative importance of the quantitative influential factors to efficiencies scores calculated by random forest regression (RFR) indicated that design capacity and temperature were important quantitative factors affecting the performance of WWPTs. Furthermore, geographical location and design capacity also had significant influence on the comprehensive efficiency of WWPTs verified by Kruskal-Wallis test. Our results highlight the importance of facilities upgrading, scientific management for WWPTs. And the relative improvement suggestions on overcoming the high and cold environment should also be considered for the efficient operations of WWTPs as well as the protection the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Feng
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yazhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yizhong Huan
- School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qiming Jimmy Yu
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane 4111 QLD, Australia
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