1
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Chen L, Hu M, Risqi AM, Noh E, Lee Y, Seok SI. Unraveling the Influence of Solvent on Side Reactions between Formamidinium Lead Triiodide and Methylammonium Cations. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10159-10166. [PMID: 38556997 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) perovskite thin films are commonly deposited through a solution process, often incorporating a specific amount of methylammonium halide to stabilize the α-phase or enhance their crystallinity. The precursor solution for such coatings significantly influences the fabrication of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), involving time-dependent aging and byproduct formation. The chemical principle underlying this behavior is believed to be related to the deprotonation of methylamine cations (MA+) and subsequent chemical reactions with FA+ to generate N-methylformamidinium. Nevertheless, the role of the solvent in the side reactions between these organic cations remains unclear. This work systematically investigates the reaction reactivity in three protic solvents and three aprotic solvents. We uncover the hidden role of dimethylamine from the hydrolysis products of N,N-dimethylformamide, promoting the reaction between FA+ and MA+. Additionally, we elucidate the impact of environmental factors, such as water and oxygen, in stabilizing precursor solutions. This work establishes a basic concept and scientific direction for rationalizing high-efficiency, reproducible, and long-term-stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Manman Hu
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Andi Muhammad Risqi
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunseo Noh
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghui Lee
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Il Seok
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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2
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Nyiekaa EA, Aika TA, Orukpe PE, Akhabue CE, Danladi E. Development on inverted perovskite solar cells: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24689. [PMID: 38298729 PMCID: PMC10828711 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have received note-worthy consideration in the photovoltaic domain because of its dependable operating stability, minimal hysteresis, and low-temperature manufacture technique in the quest to satisfy global energy demand through renewable means. In a decade transition, perovskite solar cells in general have exceeded 25 % efficiency as a result of superior perovskite nanocrystalline films obtained via low temperature synthesis methods along with good interface and electrode materials management. This review paper presents detail processes of refining the stability and power conversion efficiencies in IPSCs. The latest development in the power conversion efficiency, including structural configurations, prospect of tandem solar cells, mixed cations and halides, films' fabrication methods, charge transport material alterations, effects of contact electrode materials, additive and interface engineering materials used in IPSCs are extensively discussed. Additionally, insights on the state of the art and IPSCs' continued development towards commercialization are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A. Nyiekaa
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Timothy A. Aika
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Patience E. Orukpe
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | | | - Eli Danladi
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Nigeria
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3
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Wei N, Miao Y, Wang X, Qin Z, Liu X, Chen H, Wang H, Liang Y, Wang S, Zhao Y, Chen Y. Post-Treatment-Free Dual-Interface Passivation via Facile 1D/3D Perovskite Heterojunction Construction. JACS Au 2023; 3:3324-3332. [PMID: 38155654 PMCID: PMC10751777 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
For achieving high-efficiency perovskite solar cells, it is almost always necessary to substantially passivate defects and protect the perovskite structure at its interfaces with charge transport layers. Such a modification generally involves the post-treatment of the deposited perovskite film by spin coating, which cannot meet the technical demands of scaling up the production of perovskite photovoltaics. In this work, we demonstrate one-step construction of buried and capped double 1D/3D heterojunctions without the need for any post-treatment, which is achieved through facile tetraethylammonium trifluoroacetate (TEATFA) prefunctionalization on the SnO2 substrate. The functional TEATFA salt is first deposited onto the SnO2 substrate and reacts on this buried interface. Once the FAPbI3 perovskite precursor solution is dripped, a portion of the TEA+ cations spontaneously diffuse to the top surface over film crystallization. The TEATFA-based water-resistant 1D/3D TEAPbI3/FAPbI3 heterojunctions at both the buried and capped interfaces lead to much better photovoltaic performance and higher operational stability. Since this approach saves the need for any postsynthesis passivation, its feasibility for the fabrication of large-area perovskite photovoltaics is also showcased. Compared to ∼15% for a pristine 5 cm × 5 cm FAPbI3 mini-module without postsynthesis passivation, over 20% efficiency is achieved following the proposed route, demonstrating its great potential for larger-scale fabrication with fewer processing steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wei
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanfeng Miao
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xingtao Wang
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhixiao Qin
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haifei Wang
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yugang Liang
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai
Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, Shanghai 200240, China
- State
Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuetian Chen
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center
for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai
Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, Shanghai 200240, China
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4
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Chen L, Hu M, Lee S, Kim J, Zhao ZY, Han SP, Lah MS, Seok SI. Deciphering Reaction Products in Formamidine-Based Perovskites with Methylammonium Chloride Additive. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27900-27910. [PMID: 38078405 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) involves the addition of methylammonium chloride (MACl) to promote low-temperature α-phase formation and grain growth. However, as the added MACl deprotonates and volatilizes into methylamine (MA0) and HCl for removal, MA0 can chemically interact with formamidinium (FA+), forming methyl formamidinium (MFA+) as a byproduct. Despite its significance, the chemical interactions among FAPbI3 perovskites, MACl additives, and their byproducts remain poorly understood. Our findings reveal that the FA+ and MA0 reaction primarily yields a mixture of cis/trans-N-methyl formamidinium iodide (MFAI) isomers, with cis-MFAI prevailing as the dominant species. Moreover, MFAI subsequently reacts with PbI2 to yield fully formed cis-MFAPbI3 2H-phase perovskite. We elucidated the effects of MFAI on the crystal growth, phase stability, and band gap of formamidine-based perovskites through the growth of single crystals. This research offers valuable insights into the role of these byproducts in influencing the efficiency and long-term stability of future PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Manman Hu
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehui Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhi-Ying Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Sun-Phil Han
- UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Lah
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Il Seok
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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5
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Niu T, Chao L, Xia Y, Wang K, Ran X, Huang X, Chen C, Wang J, Li D, Su Z, Hu Z, Gao X, Zhang J, Chen Y. Phase-Pure α-FAPbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells via Activating Lead-Iodine Frameworks. Adv Mater 2023:e2309171. [PMID: 38104281 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Narrow bandgap cubic formamidine perovskite (α-FAPbI3 ) is widely studied for its potential to achieve record-breaking efficiency. However, its high preparation difficulty caused by lattice instability is criticized. A popular strategy for stabilizing the α-FAPbI3 lattice is to replace intrinsic FA+ or I- with smaller ions of MA+ , Cs+ , Rb+ , and Br- , whereas this generally leads to broadened optical bandgap and phase separation. Studies show that ions substitution-free phase-pure α-FAPbI3 can achieve intrinsic phase stability. However, the challenging preparation of high-quality films has hindered its further development. Here, a facile synthesis of high-quality MA+ , Cs+ , Rb+ , and Br- -free phase-pure α-FAPbI3 perovskite film by a new solution modification strategy is reported. This enables the activation of lead-iodine (Pb─I) frameworks by forming the coated Pb⋯O network, thus simultaneously promoting spontaneous homogeneous nucleation and rapid phase transition from δ to α phase. As a result, the efficient and stable phase-pure α-FAPbI3 PSC is obtained through a one-step method without antisolvent treatment, with a record efficiency of 23.15% and excellent long-term operating stability for 500 h under continuous light stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Niu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Lingfeng Chao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Yingdong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Xueqin Ran
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Changshun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jinpei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Deli Li
- Fujian Cross Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) Fujian Normal University Fuzhou, Fuzhou, 350117, China
| | - Zhenhuang Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, P. R. China
| | - Zhelu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
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6
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Ahlawat P. Crystallization of FAPbI3: Polytypes and stacking faults. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:151102. [PMID: 37846954 DOI: 10.1063/5.0165285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to study the crystallization of formamidinium lead iodide. From all-atom simulations of the crystal growth process and the δ-α-phase transitions, we try to reveal the formation of various stack-faulted intermediate defected structures and report various polytypes of formamidinium lead iodide that are observed from simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramvir Ahlawat
- SNSF Post-doc Mobility Fellow, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom and Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Shen W, Cai H, Kong Y, Dong W, Bai C, Liang G, Li W, Zhao J, Huang F, Cheng YB, Zhong J. Protic Amine Carboxylic Acid Ionic Liquids Additives Regulate α-FAPbI 3 Phase Transition for High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells. Small 2023; 19:e2302194. [PMID: 37118855 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The α-phase formamidinium lead tri-iodide (α-FAPbI3 ) has become the most promising photovoltaic absorber for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to its outstanding semiconductor properties and astonishing high efficiency. However, the incomplete crystallization and phase transition of α-FAPbI3 substantially undermine the performance and stability of PSCs. In this work, a series of the protic amine carboxylic acid ion liquids are introduced as the precursor additives to efficiently regulate the crystal growth and phase transition processes of α-FAPbI3 . The MA2 Pb3 I8 ·2DMSO phase is inhibited in annealing process, which remarkably optimizes the phase transition process of α-FAPbI3 . It is noted that the functional groups of carboxyl and ammonium passivate the undercoordinated lead ions, halide vacancies, and organic vacancies, eliminating the deleterious nonradiative recombination. Consequently, the small-area devices incorporated with 2% methylammonium butyrate (MAB) and 1.5% n-butylammonium formate (BAFa) in perovskite show champion efficiencies of 25.10% and 24.52%, respectively. Furthermore, the large-area modules (5 cm × 5 cm) achieve PCEs of 21.26% and 19.27% for MAB and BAFa additives, indicating the great potential for commercializing large-area PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Shen
- Research Centre for Advanced Thin Film Photovoltaics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528216, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Cai
- Research Centre for Advanced Thin Film Photovoltaics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528216, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Kong
- Research Centre for Advanced Thin Film Photovoltaics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Wei Dong
- Research Centre for Advanced Thin Film Photovoltaics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Cong Bai
- Research Centre for Advanced Thin Film Photovoltaics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Guijie Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441053, P. R. China
| | - Wangnan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441053, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhao
- School of Automobile Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Fuzhi Huang
- Research Centre for Advanced Thin Film Photovoltaics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528216, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Bing Cheng
- Research Centre for Advanced Thin Film Photovoltaics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528216, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Research Centre for Advanced Thin Film Photovoltaics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528216, P. R. China
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8
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Shi P, Ding Y, Ding B, Xing Q, Kodalle T, Sutter-Fella CM, Yavuz I, Yao C, Fan W, Xu J, Tian Y, Gu D, Zhao K, Tan S, Zhang X, Yao L, Dyson PJ, Slack JL, Yang D, Xue J, Nazeeruddin MK, Yang Y, Wang R. Oriented nucleation in formamidinium perovskite for photovoltaics. Nature 2023; 620:323-327. [PMID: 37344595 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The black phase of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite shows huge promise as an efficient photovoltaic, but it is not favoured energetically at room temperature, meaning that the undesirable yellow phases are always present alongside it during crystallization1-4. This problem has made it difficult to formulate the fast crystallization process of perovskite and develop guidelines governing the formation of black-phase FAPbI3 (refs. 5,6). Here we use in situ monitoring of the perovskite crystallization process to report an oriented nucleation mechanism that can help to avoid the presence of undesirable phases and improve the performance of photovoltaic devices in different film-processing scenarios. The resulting device has a demonstrated power-conversion efficiency of 25.4% (certified 25.0%) and the module, which has an area of 27.83 cm2, has achieved an impressive certified aperture efficiency of 21.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Engineering and Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Ding
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL VALAIS, Sion, Switzerland
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Ding
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL VALAIS, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Qiyu Xing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tim Kodalle
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Ilhan Yavuz
- Department of Physics, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Canglang Yao
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Engineering and Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiazhe Xu
- School of Engineering and Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Engineering and Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danyu Gu
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Engineering and Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaun Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Engineering and Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Libing Yao
- School of Engineering and Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL VALAIS, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan L Slack
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Deren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL VALAIS, Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Engineering and Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China.
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9
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Li S, Xia J, Wen Z, Gu H, Guo J, Liang C, Pan H, Wang X, Chen S. The Formation Mechanism of (001) Facet Dominated α-FAPbI 3 Film by Pseudohalide Ions for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2300056. [PMID: 37088801 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Formamidinium lead triiodide (α-FAPbI3 ) has been widely used in high-efficiency perovskite solar cells due to its small band gap and excellent charge-transport properties. Recently, some additives show facet selectivity to generate a (001) facet-dominant film during crystallization. However, the mechanism to realize such (001) facet selectivity is not fully understood. Here, the authors attempted to use three ammonia salts NH4 X (X are pseudohalide anions) to achieve better (001) facet selectivity in perovskite crystallization and improved crystallinity. After addition, the (001) facet dominance is generally increased with the best effect from SCN- anions. The theoretical calculation revealed three mechanisms of such improvements. First, pseudohalide anions have larger binding energy than the iodine ion to bind the facets including (110), (210), and (111), slowing down the growth of these facets. The large binding energy also reduces nucleation density and improves crystallinity. Second, pseudohalide ions improve phase purity by increasing the formation energies of the δ-phase and other hexagonal polytypes, retarding the α- to δ-phase transition. Third, the strong binding of these anions can also effectively passivate the iodine vacancies and suppress nonradiative recombination. As a result, the devices show a power conversion efficiency of 24.11% with a Voc of 1.181 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Li
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Junmin Xia
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Zhaorui Wen
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Xingzhu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 418055, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, 999078, China
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10
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Yang CQ, Zhi R, Rothmann MU, Xu YY, Li LQ, Hu ZY, Pang S, Cheng YB, Van Tendeloo G, Li W. Unveiling the Intrinsic Structure and Intragrain Defects of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites by Ultralow Dose Transmission Electron Microscopy. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2211207. [PMID: 36780501 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for unveiling the structural, compositional, and electronic properties of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) at the atomic to micrometer length scales. However, the structural and compositional instability of OIHPs under electron beam radiation results in misunderstandings of the microscopic structure-property-performance relationship in OIHP devices. Here, ultralow dose TEM is utilized to identify the mechanism of the electron-beam-induced changes in OHIPs and clarify the cumulative electron dose thresholds (critical dose) of different commercially interesting state-of-the-art OIHPs, including methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3 ), formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3 ), FA0.83 Cs0.17 PbI3 , FA0.15 Cs0.85 PbI3 , and MAPb0.5 Sn0.5 I3 . The critical dose is related to the composition of the OIHPs, with FA0.15 Cs0.85 PbI3 having the highest critical dose of ≈84 e Å-2 and FA0.83 Cs0.17 PbI3 having the lowest critical dose of ≈4.2 e Å-2 . The electron beam irradiation results in the formation of a superstructure with ordered I and FA vacancies along <110>c , as identified from the three major crystal axes in cubic FAPbI3 , <100>c , <110>c , and <111>c . The intragrain planar defects in FAPbI3 are stable, while an obvious modification is observed in FA0.83 Cs0.17 PbI3 under continuous electron beam exposure. This information can serve as a guide for ensuring a reliable understanding of the microstructure of OIHP optoelectronic devices by TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Quan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
- Nanostructure Research Centre (NRC), Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Rui Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Mathias Uller Rothmann
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Yu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Li-Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Nanostructure Research Centre (NRC), Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Shuping Pang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 458500, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Bing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Gustaaf Van Tendeloo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Nanostructure Research Centre (NRC), Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
- Nanostructure Research Centre (NRC), Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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11
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Szostak R, de Souza Gonçalves A, de Freitas JN, Marchezi PE, de Araújo FL, Tolentino HCN, Toney MF, das Chagas Marques F, Nogueira AF. In Situ and Operando Characterizations of Metal Halide Perovskite and Solar Cells: Insights from Lab-Sized Devices to Upscaling Processes. Chem Rev 2023; 123:3160-3236. [PMID: 36877871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The performance and stability of metal halide perovskite solar cells strongly depend on precursor materials and deposition methods adopted during the perovskite layer preparation. There are often a number of different formation pathways available when preparing perovskite films. Since the precise pathway and intermediary mechanisms affect the resulting properties of the cells, in situ studies have been conducted to unravel the mechanisms involved in the formation and evolution of perovskite phases. These studies contributed to the development of procedures to improve the structural, morphological, and optoelectronic properties of the films and to move beyond spin-coating, with the use of scalable techniques. To explore the performance and degradation of devices, operando studies have been conducted on solar cells subjected to normal operating conditions, or stressed with humidity, high temperatures, and light radiation. This review presents an update of studies conducted in situ using a wide range of structural, imaging, and spectroscopic techniques, involving the formation/degradation of halide perovskites. Operando studies are also addressed, emphasizing the latest degradation results for perovskite solar cells. These works demonstrate the importance of in situ and operando studies to achieve the level of stability required for scale-up and consequent commercial deployment of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Szostak
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Energia Solar (LNES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-100 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Agnaldo de Souza Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Energia Solar (LNES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Gleb Wataghin Institute of Physics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-859 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jilian Nei de Freitas
- Center for Information Technology Renato Archer (CTI), 13069-901 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Marchezi
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Energia Solar (LNES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Department of Engineering and Physics, Karlstad University, 651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Francineide Lopes de Araújo
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Energia Solar (LNES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio Cesar Nogueira Tolentino
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-100 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Michael F Toney
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | | | - Ana Flavia Nogueira
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Energia Solar (LNES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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12
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Yang D, Ma M, Li Y, Xie G, Ma Y, Wu S, Liu C. FA cation replenishment-induced second growth of printed MA-free perovskites for efficient solar cells and modules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1521-1524. [PMID: 36656647 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06511h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Printing is one industrially compatible scalable method for the preparation of perovskite thin films but suffers from a low nucleation rate that causes an inferior crystal quality. In this work, we applied a slot-die coating method to deposit a MA-free perovskite thin film with a subsequently introduced FA+ replenishment to induce a second growth and prepare a FA-rich film. As a result, the inverted perovskite mini-module reached an efficiency of 17.56% with an aperture area of 60.84 cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Yang
- Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000, China.
| | - Mengen Ma
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000, China.
| | - Guangqi Xie
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Yujiao Ma
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Shaohang Wu
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Chong Liu
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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13
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Chen L, Yoo JW, Hu M, Lee S, Seok SI. Intrinsic Phase Stability and Inherent Bandgap of Formamidinium Lead Triiodide Perovskite Single Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212700. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Wook Yoo
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Manman Hu
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung‐Un Lee
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Il Seok
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
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14
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Huang Y, Liang J, Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Wu X, Tian C, Zhou Z, Wang J, Yang Y, Sun A, Liu Y, Tang C, Chen Z, Chen CC. Low-Temperature Phase-Transition for Compositional-Pure α-FAPbI 3 Solar Cells with Low Residual-Stress and High Crystal-Orientation. Small Methods 2022; 6:e2200933. [PMID: 36161787 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Transition of δ-phase formamidinium lead triiodide (δ-FAPbI3 ) to pure α-phase FAPbI3 (α-FAPbI3 ) typically requires high processing temperature (150 °C), which often results in unavoidable residual stress. Besides, using methylammonium chloride (MACl) as additive in fabrication will cause MA residue in the film, compromising the compositional purity. Here, a stress-released and compositional-pure α-FAPbI3 thin-film is fabricated using 3-chloropropylammonium chloride (Cl-PACl) by two-step annealing. The 2D template of n = 2 can preferentially form in perovskite with the introduction of Cl-PACl at a temperature as low as 80 °C. Such a 2D template can guide the free components to form ordered α-FAPbI3 and promote the transition of the formed δ-FAPbI3 to α-FAPbI3 by reducing the phase transition energy. As a result, the obtained perovskite films via low-temperature phase-transition have a high degree of crystal orientation and reduced residual stress. More importantly, most of the Cl-PACl is volatilized during the subsequent high-temperature annealing process accompanied by the disintegration of the 2D templates. The residual trace of Cl-PA+ is mainly concentrated at the grain boundary near the perovskite surface layer, stabilizing α-FAPbI3 and passivating defects. Perovskite solar cell based on pure α-FAPbI3 achieves a power conversion efficiency of 23.03% with excellent phase stability and photo-stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Jianghu Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Zhanfei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Yiting Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Xueyun Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Congcong Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Jianli Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Anxin Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Chen Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Chao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
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16
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Zhang WH, Chen L, Zou ZP, Nan ZA, Shi JL, Luo QP, Hui Y, Li KX, Wang YJ, Zhou JZ, Yan JW, Mao BW. Defect Passivation by a Multifunctional Phosphate Additive toward Improvements of Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:31911-31919. [PMID: 35796315 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The quality of perovskite films plays a crucial role in the performance of the corresponding devices. However, the commonly employed perovskite polycrystalline films often contain a high density of defects created during film production and cell operation, including unsaturated coordinated Pb2+ and Pb0, which can act as nonradiative recombination centers, thus reducing open-circuit voltage. Effectively eliminating both kinds of defects is an important subject of research to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Here, we employ hydrogen octylphosphonate potassium (KHOP) as a multifunctional additive to passivate defects. The molecule is introduced into perovskite precursor solution to regulate the perovskite film growth process by coordinating with Pb, which can not only passivate the Pb2+ defect but also effectively inhibit the production of Pb0; at the same time, the presence of K+ reduces device hysteresis by inhibiting I- migration and finally realizes double passivation of Pb2+ and I--based defects. Moreover, the moderate hydrophobic alkyl chain in the molecule improves the moisture stability. Ultimately, the optimal efficiency can reach 22.21%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ze-Ping Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zi-Ang Nan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jue-Li Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qing-Peng Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yong Hui
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Kai-Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yan-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jian-Zhang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jia-Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Bing-Wei Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Park JS. Stabilization and Self-Passivation of Grain Boundaries in Halide Perovskite by Rigid Body Translation. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4628-4633. [PMID: 35587377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The physical properties of grain boundaries in halide perovskites, especially their atomic structure, have not been fully understood yet. We report that Σ5 [130] symmetrical tilt grain boundaries can be stabilized by rigid body translation which is moving one side of the grain parallel with respect to the adjacent grain. Such reconstruction passivates grain boundaries by removing Pb-Pb and I-I interactions that introduce shallow defect states in the band gap. Rigid body translation also stabilizes the [110] antiphase boundary as well in both CsPbI3 and CsPbBr3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sang Park
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
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18
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Zhao H, Zhao L, Li S, Chu Y, Sun Y, Xie B, He J, Li J. Recent Advances on the Strategies to Stabilize the α-Phase of Formamidinium Based Perovskite Materials. Crystals 2022; 12:573. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12050573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSC) are considered promising next generation photovoltaic devices due to their low cost and high-power conversion efficiency (PCE). The perovskite material in the photovoltaic devices plays the fundamental role for the unique performances of PSC. Formamidinium based perovskite materials have become a hot-topic for research due to their excellent characteristics, such as a lower band gap (1.48 V), broader light absorption, and better thermal stability compared to methylammonium based perovskite materials. There are four phases of perovskite materials, named the cubic α-phase, tetragonal β-phase, orthorhombic γ-phase, and δ-phase (yellow). Many research focus on the transition of α-phase and δ-phase. α-Phase FA-based perovskite is very useful for photovoltaic application. However, the phase stability of α-phase FA-based perovskite materials is quite poor. It transforms into its useless δ-phase at room temperature. This instability will lead the degradation of PCE and the other optoelectronic properties. For the practical application of PSC, it is urgent to understand more about the mechanism of this transformation and boost the stability of α-Phase FA-based perovskite materials. This review describes the strategies developed in the past several years, such as mixed cations, anion exchange, dimensions controlling, and surface engineering. These discussions present a perspective on the stability of α-phase of FA-based perovskite materials and the coming challenges in this field.
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Abstract
The preparation of solution-processed metal halide perovskites is interwoven with research on their intermediate chemistry. In this Perspective, molecule-level insights are provided into how Lewis base additives (LBAs), e.g., DMSO and NMP, facilitate powder-to-film formation processes (i.e., the chemical origin of intermediate structures, structural evolution of intermediate-to-perovskite phase transition, and device-based application of intermediate-evolved perovskites). LBAs interact with Lewis acid species (cationic A+ or B2+ sites) of ABX3 structures with separate probability in terms of coordination bonds or hydrogen bonds to form two types of intermediate structures, inducing significant differences within intermediate-to-perovskite processes. In addition, in-depth understanding of intermediate chemistry favors the multifaceted applications of solution-processed perovskites. A brief summary is finally provided together with a perspective on how intermediate chemistry determines perovskite properties and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fangwen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Binghui Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Abstract
Because of the narrow bandgap and superior thermal stability, FAPbI3 is considered the most promising perovskite material for high-performance single-junction PSCs. Nevertheless, the metastable properties of the photoactive α-FAPbI3 becomes a primary obstacle for the development of FA-based PSCs. The main reasons for the instability of α-FAPbI3 are the rotation disorder of the FA cation and large anisotropic lattice strain, which lead to the high formation energy of α-FAPbI3. In this Perspective, we review various strategies for preparing phase-pure α-FAPbI3, such as engineering, intermediate phase engineering, and dimensionality engineering. These strategies can stabilize α-FAPbI3 by reducing the system energy, regulating the phase transition process and energy barrier, reinforcing the lattice structure, and passivating film defects. In addition, we investigate fundamental challenges of α-FAPbI3 PSCs and propose our perspective on preparing high-quality and high-purity α-FAPbI3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Niu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingfeng Chao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue Dong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Li Fu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
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Zhang H, Darabi K, Nia NY, Krishna A, Ahlawat P, Guo B, Almalki MHS, Su TS, Ren D, Bolnykh V, Castriotta LA, Zendehdel M, Pan L, Alonso SS, Li R, Zakeeruddin SM, Hagfeldt A, Rothlisberger U, Di Carlo A, Amassian A, Grätzel M. A universal co-solvent dilution strategy enables facile and cost-effective fabrication of perovskite photovoltaics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:89. [PMID: 35013272 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cost management and toxic waste generation are two key issues that must be addressed before the commercialization of perovskite optoelectronic devices. We report a groundbreaking strategy for eco-friendly and cost-effective fabrication of highly efficient perovskite solar cells. This strategy involves the usage of a high volatility co-solvent, which dilutes perovskite precursors to a lower concentration (<0.5 M) while retaining similar film quality and device performance as a high concentration (>1.4 M) solution. More than 70% of toxic waste and material cost can be reduced. Mechanistic insights reveal ultra-rapid evaporation of the co-solvent together with beneficial alteration of the precursor colloidal chemistry upon dilution with co-solvent, which in-situ studies and theoretical simulations confirm. The co-solvent tuned precursor colloidal properties also contribute to the enhancement of the stability of precursor solution, which extends its processing window thus minimizing the waste. This strategy is universally successful across different perovskite compositions, and scales from small devices to large-scale modules using industrial spin-coating, potentially easing the lab-to-fab translation of perovskite technologies.
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22
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Zhang W, Zhou H. Perovskite intermediate phases fundamentally address the urgent stability issue. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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