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Zhang B, Yao X, Chen H, Lu L. High-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of Litsea coreana L. provides insights into Magnoliids evolution and flavonoid biosynthesis. Genomics 2022; 114:110394. [PMID: 35659563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The magnoliid Litsea coreana has been the subject of a substantial amount of research owing to its production of many flavonoid metabolites, high food processing value, and a controversial phylogenetic position. For this study, we assembled a high-grade genome at the chromosome scale and annotation of L. coreana that was anchored to 12 chromosomes. The total genome was 1139.45 Mb, while the N50 scaffold was 97.18 Mb long. The analysis of phylogenetic trees constructed by different methods show that the phylogeny of Magnoliids is inconsistent, indicating that the differentiation process of monocots, eudicots, and Magnoliids still remains in dispute. An ancient whole-genome duplication (WGD) event was shown to have occurred before the Magnoliales and Laurels had differentiated. Subsequently, an independent WGD appeared in the Lauralean lineage. A total of 27 types of flavonoids were detected in all five tissues of L. coreana. Chalcone synthases (CHSs) that are responsible for production of flavonoids have been validated at the bioinformatics level. The retention of comparative genomic analyses of the CHS gene family showed that this family had contracted significantly in L. coreana. Our research further elaborated the evolution of Lauraceae and perfected the genetic basis of flavonoid biosynthesis in L. coreana. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Provides evidence that determines the evolutionary status of Magnoliids. The chalcone synthase gene family was significantly contracted in Litsea coreana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinzhuan Yao
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - HuFang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Litang Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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Jafari Shiran M, Naseri S, Sadeghian-rizi T, Khani S, Shoormij M, Dakhilpour SS, Researcher of Traditional Medicine and Medicinal Plants, Iranian Academy Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Medicinal Herbal Center, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran, Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Medicine Pioneers Company, Ardabil, Iran, Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Researcher of Traditional Medicine and Medicinal Plants, Iranian Academy Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Medicinal Herbal Center, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran. Therapeutic and Preventive Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Arctium lappa L. and Cichorium intybus L. against Fatty Liver in Rats. Jorjani Biomed J 2022; 10:53-61. [DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Chen M, Xie Y, Gong S, Wang Y, Yu H, Zhou T, Huang F, Guo X, Zhang H, Huang R, Han Z, Xing Y, Liu Q, Tong G, Zhou H. Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105849. [PMID: 34450307 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common chronic liver disease in clinical practice. It has been considered that NASH is one of the main causes of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and carcinoma. The mechanism of the NASH progression is complex, including lipid metabolism dysfunction, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Except for lifestyle modification and bariatric surgery, there has been no pharmacological therapy that is being officially approved in NASH treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as a conventional and effective therapeutic strategy, has been proved to be beneficial in treating NASH in numbers of studies. In the light of this, TCM may provide a potential therapy for treating NASH. In this review, we summarized the associated mechanisms of action TCM treating NASH in preclinical studies and systematically analysis the effectiveness of TCM treating NASH in current clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtai Chen
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Ying Xie
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, PR China
| | - Shenglan Gong
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yunqiao Wang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Hao Yu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Tianran Zhou
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Furong Huang
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Xin Guo
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ruolan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen University Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Zhiyi Han
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yufeng Xing
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Guangdong Tong
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China.
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Yang M, Sun P, Fan Z, Khan A, Xue Q, Wang Y, Cao J, Cheng G. Safety evaluation and hypolipidemic effect of aqueous-ethanol and hot-water extracts from E Se tea in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 156:112506. [PMID: 34389369 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
E Se tea, processed by the fresh leaves of Malus toringoides (Rehd.) Hughes, is a traditional herbal tea with various human benefits. The present study was aimed to evaluate the toxicity and hypolipidemic effect of aqueous-ethanol extract (EE) and hot-water extract (WE) from E Se tea. Eight main chemical constituents in EE and WE were respectively identified and quantified by UHPLC-HRMS/MS. EE is rich in TPC and TFC, while WE had higher TPS content. Both EE and WE exhibited strong antioxidant activity with no significant difference. The acute toxicity study revealed that the LD50 values were higher than 5000 mg/kg, while both WE and EE had no significant adverse effect in rats by subacute toxicity assay. However, the triglyceride (TG) content in experiment groups (male) and highest doses groups (female) significantly decreased. Furthermore, the hypolipidemic effect of WE and EE were performed on high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic rats. The result exhibited that either WE or EE could effectively regulate lipid droplet accumulation in liver, and reduce the adipocyte size. These results demonstrated that these two extracts from E Se tea could be regarded as a potential functional dietary supplement in preventing and treating diet induced metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilian Yang
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Pengzhen Sun
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhifeng Fan
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Afsar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Qingwang Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Yifen Wang
- Department of Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Muhammad I, Xiao YZ, Hassan SSU, Xiao X, Yan SK, Guo YQ, Ma XP, Jin HZ. Three new guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids and a monoterpenoid from Litsea lancilimba Merr. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:3271-3279. [PMID: 33929917 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1853727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Three undescribed guaiane-type sesquiterpenes (1-3), and a monoterpenoid (4) along with eleven known compounds (5 - 15) were isolated from the crude extract of Litsea lancilimba Merr. The structures of all the isolated compounds were extensively elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic techniques (HRESIMS, 1 D NMR, and 2 D NMR). Their relative and absolute configurations were comprehensively established by NOESY spectroscopy, circular dichroism (ECD) and the calculated ECD analysis. All the isolates were tested for anti-inflammatory activity by measuring the amount of nitric oxide production. Amongst tested compounds, compounds 1 - 3 exhibited moderate inhibitory activities against the production of nitric oxide with IC50 value of 35.5, 32.1, 46.7 μM in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishaq Muhammad
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhen Xiao
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Syed Shams Ul Hassan
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Kai Yan
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xian-Peng Ma
- Shanghai Jingfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Zi Jin
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Kamle M, Mahato DK, Lee KE, Bajpai VK, Gajurel PR, Gu KS, Kumar P. Ethnopharmacological Properties and Medicinal Uses of Litsea cubeba. Plants (Basel) 2019; 8:E150. [PMID: 31159425 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The genus Litsea is predominant in tropical and subtropical regions of India, China, Taiwan, and Japan. The plant possesses medicinal properties and has been traditionally used for curing various gastro-intestinal ailments (e.g., diarrhea, stomachache, indigestion, and gastroenteritis) along with diabetes, edema, cold, arthritis, asthma, and traumatic injury. Besides its medicinal properties, Litsea is known for its essential oil, which has protective action against several bacteria, possesses antioxidant and antiparasitic properties, exerts acute and genetic toxicity as well as cytotoxicity, and can even prevent several cancers. Here we summarize the ethnopharmacological properties, essentials oil, medicinal uses, and health benefits of an indigenous plant of northeast India, emphasizing the profound research to uplift the core and immense potential present in the conventional medicine of the country. This review is intended to provide insights into the gaps in our knowledge that need immediate focus on in-situ conservation strategies of Litsea due to its non-domesticated and dioecious nature, which may be the most viable approach and intense research for the long-term benefits of society and local peoples.
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Feng J, Yang J, Chang Y, Qiao L, Dang H, Luo K, Guo H, An Y, Ma C, Shao H, Tian J, Yuan Y, Xie L, Xing W, Cheng J. Caffeine-free hawk tea lowers cholesterol by reducing free cholesterol uptake and the production of very-low-density lipoprotein. Commun Biol 2019; 2:173. [PMID: 31098406 PMCID: PMC6506518 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants show important therapeutic value in chronic disease treatment. However, due to their diverse ingredients and complex biological effects, the molecular mechanisms of medicinal plants are yet to be explored. By means of several high-throughput platforms, here we show hawk tea extract (HTE) inhibits Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1)-mediated free cholesterol uptake, thereby inducing the transcription of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) downstream of the sterol response element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) pathway. Meanwhile, HTE suppresses hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α)-mediated transcription of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) and apolipoprotein B (APOB), thereby decreasing the production of very-low-density lipoprotein. The catechin EGCG ((-)-epigallocatechin gallate) and the flavonoids kaempferol and quercetin are identified as the bioactive components responsible for the effects on the NPC1L1-SREBP2-LDLR axis and HNF4α-MTP/APOB axis, respectively. Overall, hawk tea works as a previously unrecognized cholesterol-lowering agent in a multi-target and multi-component manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Chang
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Liansheng Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Honglei Dang
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Yannan An
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Chengmei Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Hong Shao
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Jie Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Lan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Wanli Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
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Xu Z, Li X, Feng S, Liu J, Zhou L, Yang R, Ding C. Antioxidant effect of hawk tea extracts on camellia oil oxidation during microwave heating. J Verbrauch Lebensm 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00003-018-1167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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He D, Zhang P, Sai X, Li X, Wang L, Xu Y. Camellia euphlebia flower extract inhibits oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation via reduction of lipogenesis in HepG2 cells. Eur J Integr Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
Camellia euphlebia (family, Theaceae) has been used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Southern China. However, there has been no report on the hypolipidemic activity of Camellia euphlebia flower. This study evaluated the hypolipidemic activity of different preparation of Camellia euphlebia flower extracts using in vivo models. Mice intragastrically administered aqueous extract at 400 mg/kg dose or ethanol extract at 100 and 400 mg/kg doses of Camellia euphlebia flower for 28 days exhibited significant decreases in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, while displaying increased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum. The Camellia euphlebia flower extracts also improved the antioxidant ability of hyperlipidemic mice as well as protecting the animals against liver damage by lowering the level of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity. Furthermore, 400 mg/kg ethanol extract effectively down-regulated the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase and glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase, suggesting that Camellia euphlebia flower extract may potentially inhibit lipid accumulation in the liver by regulating the expression of fatty acid synthase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase and glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase. These results provided support for the potential hypolipidemic activity of Camellia euphlebia flower and could partly explain the basis of using Camellia euphlebia for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongye He
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Ministry of Education Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116620, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Ministry of Education Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116620, China
| | - Xuan Sai
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Ministry of Education Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116620, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Ministry of Education Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116620, China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Ministry of Education Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116620, China
| | - Yongping Xu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Ministry of Education Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116620, China.
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Jia X, Li P, Wan J, He C. A review on phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Litsea coreana. Pharm Biol 2017; 55:1368-1374. [PMID: 28301985 PMCID: PMC7011990 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1302482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Litsea coreana H. Lév. (Lauraceae) is used as an ethnic herb or beverage in China. Substantial studies indicate that it contains a variety of compounds and shows diverse bioactivities with no toxicity. OBJECTIVE This review analyzes and summarizes the ethnopharmacological applications, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities and molecular mechanisms of L. coreana. METHODS Related literature (from 1998 to 2016) was obtained and compiled via searching databases including Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI and PubMed. Keywords (Litsea coreana, hawk tea, eagle tea and laoying cha) were used to select the articles. RESULTS Studies indicate that L. coreana contains characteristic polysaccharides, polyphenols, essential oils, and numerious flavonoids, which exhibit remarkable bioactivities, such as hepatoprotection, hyperglycaemia, anti-inflammation, antioxidation and antibacterial, through multiple molecular mechanisms. CONCLUSION This paper provides a systematic review on the phytochemicals and pharmacological activities of L. coreana which should be useful for further study and application of this medicinal herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jianbo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Xiao X, Xu L, Hu H, Yang Y, Zhang X, Peng Y, Xiao P. DPPH Radical Scavenging and Postprandial Hyperglycemia Inhibition Activities and Flavonoid Composition Analysis of Hawk Tea by UPLC-DAD and UPLC-Q/TOF MS E. Molecules 2017; 22:E1622. [PMID: 29027933 PMCID: PMC6151479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hawk tea (Litsea coreana Lévl. var. Lanuginosa (Migo) Yen C. Yang & P.H. Huang), a very popular herbal tea material, has attracted more and more attention due to its high antioxidant properties and possible therapeutic effect on type II diabetes mellitus. The raw materials of Hawk tea are usually divided into three kinds: bud tea (BT), primary leaf tea (PLT) and mature leaf tea (MLT). In this study, the DPPH radical scavenging activity and the antimicrobial properties of these three kinds of Hawk tea from different regions were comparatively investigated, and a ultra-high performance liquid chromatographic coupled with a photodiode array detector (UPLC-DAD) method was employed for comparison of the three major flavonoid constituents, including hyperoside, isoquercitrin and astragalin, in different samples of Hawk tea. At the same time, the effect of methanol extract (ME) of PLT on the mouse postprandial blood glucose and the effect of ME and its different fractions (petroleum ether fraction (PE), ethyl acetate fraction (EA), n-butanol fraction (n-BuOH), and water fraction (WF)) on the activity of α-glucosidase were studied. The results showed that Hawk BT and Hawk PLT possessed the higher radicals scavenging activity than Hawk MLT, while the antibacterial activity against P. vulgaris of PLT and MLT was higher than Hawk BT. The contents of the three major flavonoid constituents in samples of Hawk PLT are higher than Hawk BT and Hawk MLT. The mouse postprandial blood glucose levels of the middle dose (0.5 g/kg) group and the high dose (1 g/kg) group with oral administration of the ME of PLT were significantly lower than the control group. What's more, the inhibitory effect of ME of PLT and its EA and n-BuOH fractions on α-glucosidase was significantly higher than that of acarbose. Rapid ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) was used to identify the flavonoids in Hawk PLT, and a total of 20 flavonoids were identified or tentatively identified by comparing their retention times and accurate mass measurements with reference compounds or literature data. The bioactive flavonoid composition and DPPH radical scavenging activities present in different Hawk tea raw materials are quite different due to the different ontogenesis of these raw materials. Further studies on PLT showed that the substances in PLT ME could reduce the level of mouse postprandial blood glucose through inhibiting the activity of α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Lijia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Huagang Hu
- Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Xiaotangshan town, Beijing 102211, China.
| | - Yinjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xinyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Rigano D, Sirignano C, Taglialatela-Scafati O. The potential of natural products for targeting PPAR α. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:427-438. [PMID: 28752027 PMCID: PMC5518659 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) α, -γ and -β/δ are ligand-activated transcription factors and members of the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptor. These receptors play key roles in maintaining glucose and lipid homeostasis by modulating gene expression. PPARs constitute a recognized druggable target and indeed several classes of drugs used in the treatment of metabolic disease symptoms, such as dyslipidemia (fibrates, e.g. fenofibrate and gemfibrozil) and diabetes (thiazolidinediones, e.g. rosiglitazone and pioglitazone) are ligands for the various PPAR isoforms. More precisely, antidiabetic thiazolidinediones act on PPARγ, while PPARα is the main molecular target of antidyslipidemic fibrates. Over the past few years, our understanding of the mechanism underlying the PPAR modulation of gene expression has greatly increased. This review presents a survey on terrestrial and marine natural products modulating the PPARα system with the objective of highlighting how the incredible chemodiversity of natural products can provide innovative leads for this "hot" target.
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de Castro CA, dos Santos Dias MM, da Silva KA, dos Reis SA, da Conceição LL, De Nadai Marcon L, de Sousa Moraes LF, do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio M. Liver Biomarkers and Their Applications to Nutritional Interventions in Animal Studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7675-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
AIM We evaluated the potential preventive and therapeutic effects of Crataegus aronia (C. aronia) in NAFLD induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in rat models. METHODS Protective effect of Crataegus aronia or simvastatin was investigated in Wistar rats fed either low-fat diet (LFD) or HFD. RESULTS Liver histopathological examinations confirmed the development of NAFLD in rats fed HFD. In both protective and therapeutic treatments, C. aronia significantly reduced liver index (3.85 ± 0.21% in HFD plus aronia group versus 6.22 ± 0.58% in HFD model group), increased the HDL-cholesterol and reduced the LDL-cholesterol in blood. The hawthorn plant also significantly ameliorated oxidative stress biomarker (p < 0.002) and liver enzymes (p < 0.0001) that indicate liver damage. CONCLUSION C. aronia exhibits therapeutic and protective effects on NAFLD in an animal model possibly by its lipid lowering and antioxidant effects; thus, may offer therapeutic potential in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Al Humayed
- a Department of Medicine , College of Medicine, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
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Yu B, Zhang D, Yan XW, Wang JW, Yao L, Tan LH, Zhao SP, Li N, Cao WG. Comparative Evaluation of the Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Volatile Oils of Hawk Tea from Six Botanical Origins. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:1573-1583. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P. R. China
| | - Xue-Wei Yan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P. R. China
| | - Jian-Wei Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P. R. China
| | - Ling Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P. R. China
| | - Li-Hong Tan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Ping Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P. R. China
| | - Wei-Guo Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P. R. China
- The Lab of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P. R. China
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Wang YS, Wen ZQ, Li BT, Zhang HB, Yang JH. Ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of the genus Litsea: An update. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 181:66-107. [PMID: 26812679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Litsea is one of the most diverse genera of evergreen trees or shrubs belong to Lauraceae, and comprises roughly 400 species of tree that are distributed abundantly throughout tropical and subtropical Asia, North and South America. Litsea species have been used globally in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases including influenza, stomach aches, diarrhea, diabetes, vomiting, bone pain, inflammation, illness related to the central nervous system and other ailments. The purpose of this review is to provide updated, comprehensive and categorized information on the ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological research of Litsea species in order to explore their therapeutic potential and evaluate future research opportunities. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the available information on Litsea species was actualised by systematically searching the scientific literatures including Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Indian, and South American herbal classics, library catalogs and scientific databases (PubMed, SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, VIP and Wanfang). The Plant List, International Plant Name index and Scientific Database of China Plant Species were used to validate scientific names. RESULTS 407 secondary metabolites have been reported from Litsea species. Litsea Species are sources of secondary metabolites with interesting chemical structures (alkaloids, lactones, sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, lignans, and essential oils) and significant bioactivities. Crude extracts, fractions and phytochemical constituents isolated from Litsea show a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-HIV, insecticidal, etc. CONCLUSIONS From data collected in this review, the genus Litsea comprises a wide range of therapeutically promising and valuable plants, and has attracted much attention owing to its multiple functions. Many traditional uses of Litsea species have now been validated by modern pharmacology research. Deep and systematic phytochemical investigation of the genus Litsea and the pharmacological properties, especially its mechanism of action and toxicology, to illustrate its ethnomedicinal use, explore the therapeutic potential and support further health-care product development will undoubtedly be the focus of further research. Therefore, detailed and extensive studies and clinical evaluation of Litsea species should be carried out in future for the safety approval of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Zheng-Qi Wen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, PR China
| | - Bi-Tao Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, PR China
| | - Hong-Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Jing-Hua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
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Jalalvand F, Amoli MM, Yaghmaei P, Kimiagar M, Ebrahim-Habibi A. Acarbose versus trans-chalcone: comparing the effect of two glycosidase inhibitors on obese mice. Arch Endocrinol Metab 2016; 59:202-9. [PMID: 26154086 DOI: 10.1590/2359-3997000000038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acarbose and trans-chalcone are glucosidase inhibitors whose beneficial effects have been demonstrated in diabetes. The present study aimed at investigating their potential effects in obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS NMRI male mice (n = 48) were subjected to a high fat diet for four weeks, which induced an initial state of obesity. One control group was given normal rodent diet. Obese animals were then switched to normal rodent diet, and divided to four groups (n = 12 in each): untreated, sham (receiving grape seed oil), and experimental groups receiving acarbose and trans-chalcone (12 mg/kg) during eight weeks. Body weight, blood glucose and other biochemical parameters including triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, HDL, AST, and ALT were measured, as well as leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Histological studies were performed on adipose cells and liver tissue samples. RESULTS All factors were affected in a positive manner by acarbose, save for body weight, blood sugar and leptin levels, on which acarbose effects, although observable, were not statistically significant. Grape seed oil, used as a solvent for trans-chalcone was found to possess significant effect on TG and TAC, and had beneficial effects on other factors including liver enzymes and cholesterol. Trans-chalcone effects were significant on HDL, leptin and ALT. All compounds seemed to be able to affect fat deposition in liver tissue, and decrease the size of adipose tissue cells to some extent. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the tested compounds were able to affect lipid accumulation in tissues and influence adipokines, which may result in an enhanced state with regard to inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Jalalvand
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Kimiagar
- National Nutrition and Food Science Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Ebrahim-Habibi
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jalili C, Tabatabaei H, Kakaberiei S, Roshankhah S, Salahshoor MR. Protective Role of Crocin Against Nicotine-induced Damages on Male Mice Liver. Int J Prev Med 2015; 6:92. [PMID: 26442615 PMCID: PMC4593238 DOI: 10.4103/2008-7802.165203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nicotine is a major pharmacologically active substance in cigarette smoke. It is mainly metabolized in liver and causes devastating effects. Crocin is the chemical ingredient primarily responsible for the color of saffron. It has different pharmacological effects such as antioxidant and anticancer. This study was designed to evaluate the protective role of crocin against nicotine on the liver of mice. Methods: Forty-eight mice were equally divided into 8 groups; control (normal saline), nicotine (2.5 mg/kg), crocin (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) and crocin plus nicotine treated groups. Saline, crocin, nicotine and crocin/nicotine (once a day) were intraperitoneally injected for 4 weeks. The liver weight and histology, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and serum nitric oxide levels have been studied. Results: The results indicated that nicotine administration significantly decreased liver weight (48.37%) and increased the mean diameter of hepatocyte (239%), central hepatic vein (28.45%), liver enzymes level (ALP 29.43%, AST 21.81%, ALT 21.55%), and blood serum nitric oxide level (57.18%) compared to saline group (P < 0.05). However, crocin and crocin plus nicotine administration significantly boosted liver weight (49.54%) and decreased the mean diameter of hepatocyte (40.48%), central hepatic vein (15.44%), liver enzymes (ALP 22.02%, AST 19.05%, ALT 23.11%), and nitric oxide levels (35.80%) in all groups compared to nicotine group (percentages represent the maximum dose) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Crocin showed its partly protective effect against nicotine-induced liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Jalili
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hadis Tabatabaei
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyran Kakaberiei
- Department of Anatomy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shiva Roshankhah
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Kong DG, Zhao Y, Li GH, Chen BJ, Wang XN, Zhou HL, Lou HX, Ren DM, Shen T. The genus Litsea in traditional Chinese medicine: an ethnomedical, phytochemical and pharmacological review. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 164:256-64. [PMID: 25698244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Litsea, mainly distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions, has been used in traditional and indigenous Chinese medicines for the treatment of diarrhea, stomachache, dyspepsia, gastroenteritis, diabetes, edema, cold, arthritis, asthma, pain, traumatic injury, etc. for a long history. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive summary on the ethnomedical uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of the Litsea species used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Based on these data, evidences supporting their ethnopharmacological effectiveness are illustrated, and opportunities for the future research and development as well as the therapeutic potential of this genus are analyzed to highlight the gaps in our knowledge that deserves further investigation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Information on the Litsea species was collected via electronic search (using Pubmed, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Web of Science and CNKI) and a library search for articles published in peer-reviewed journals. Furthermore, information was also obtained from some local books on ethnopharmacology. RESULTS Twenty plants of the genus Litsea are found to be important traditional medicines in China, and have a long medicinal application for diarrhea, stomachache, dyspepsia, gastroenteritis, diabetes, edema, cold, arthritis, asthma, pain, traumatic injury, etc. Over 200 ingredients have been identified from these 20 Litsea species used in TCM, and flavonoids, terpenoids and alkaloids are considered as the characteristic and bioactive constituents. The crude extracts and the isolated metabolites of these medicinal plants have exhibited some in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects, including antimicrobial, hepatoprotection, anti-inflammatory, antiasthmatic, immunomodulation, anti-diabetic, anticholelithogenic, as well as function on central nervous system, etc. CONCLUSIONS The extensive literature survey reveals Litsea species to be a group of important medicinal plants used for the ethnomedical treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, diabetes, inflammatory disorders, and microbial infection in TCM. Pharmacological investigations have supported the use of some Litsea species in the traditional medicines. In addition, further researches targeting individual ingredients responsible for the pharmacological effects, as well as their mechanisms of action are necessary. The outcome of these studies will further support the therapeutic potential of the genus Litsea, and provide convincing evidences to its future clinical applications in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Gang Kong
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Guo-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, PR China
| | - Bang-Jiao Chen
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Hong-Lei Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, PR China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Dong-Mei Ren
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
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Zhong J, Ma T, Huang C, Liu H, Chen Z, Cao L, Li X, Li J. Flavonoids from Litsea coreana Decreases TNF-α Secretion from Peritoneal Macrophages in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Rats via UPR Pathway. Am J Chin Med 2014; 42:905-19. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Their activation is the initial step of RA. This study was designed to detect the effects of total flavonoids from Litsea coreana Levl. (TFLC) on the complete Freund's adjuvant-induced (CFA-induced) arthritis (AA) in rats and to explore whether inflammatory cytokines were induced by the IRE1/mTORC1/TNF-α-dependant mechanism in peritoneal macrophages. In vivo, our data indicated that TFLC (100, 200 mg/kg, i.g. × 10 days) could significantly suppress secondary paw swelling and serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β. Histopathological figures showed that TFLC treatment improved the morphologic changes of articular cartilages and synovium. Results of RT-PCR and western blotting demonstrated that TFLC suppressed expression of 78-KD glucose regulated protein (GRP78), X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and TNF-α in peritoneal macrophages of AA rats. Collectively, these results indicate that TFLC is able to ameliorate adjuvant-induced arthritis in a dose-dependent manner by suppressing the IRE1/mTORC1/TNF-α-regulated inflammatory response initiated in peritoneal macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
- The Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Taotao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huanzhong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
- The Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Zhaolin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lu Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
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Ahn TG, Lee JY, Cheon SY, An HJ, Kook YB. Protective effect of Sam-Hwang-Sa-Sim-Tang against hepatic steatosis in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet. BMC Complement Altern Med 2013; 13:366. [PMID: 24364887 PMCID: PMC3900264 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sam-Hwang-Sa-Sim-Tang (SHSST) is a traditional Oriental medication that has been commonly used in Korea for the treatment of hypertension, insomnia, and chest pain. In addition, some studies reported that administration of SHSST results suppression of hyperlipidemia in rats or lowering lipid plasma level such as total cholesterol (TC). Those results made us find and demonstrate positive effect of SHSST much more. The aim of the current study was to examine whether SHSST exerts an effect against hepatic steatosis and two type of SHSST has different efficacy on liver steatosis. METHODS Total 40 mice were divided randomly and equally into 4 groups: a normal diet (CON) group, high-cholesterol diet (HC) group, and treatment groups fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) with a 30% or 80% ethanol extract of SHSST (SHSST-L and SHSST-H, respectively). The HCD was given for 9 weeks. The SHSST-treated groups were orally administered SHSST at a dose of 150 mg/kg, whereas the other groups received physiological saline. RESULTS SHSST administration to mice resulted in a decline in serum levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein. Histological examination showed that lipid droplets were smaller in the SHSST-treated group than in the HC group. At the protein level, expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) was suppressed by SHSST. In addition, the mRNA expression of cholesterol metabolism-related molecules such as SREBP-2, liver X receptor (LXR), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), and 3-hydroxy-3methylglutary-CoA (HMG-CoA) was also suppressed in SHSST-treated groups in the liver. In the aorta tissue, SHSST decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and fibronectin. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that SHSST protects against liver steatosis and protects vessels against inflammation arising from excessive ingestion of cholesterol. These findings may also suggest that SHSST could be used as an adjuvant remedy for protection against liver steatosis.
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Fan H, Chen YY, Bei WJ, Wang LY, Chen BT, Guo J. In Vitro Screening for Antihepatic Steatosis Active Components within Coptidis Rhizoma Alkaloids Extract Using Liver Cell Extraction with HPLC Analysis and a Free Fatty Acid-Induced Hepatic Steatosis HepG2 Cell Assay. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013:459390. [PMID: 24454495 DOI: 10.1155/2013/459390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A high-throughput method was developed and applied to screen for the active antihepatic steatosis components within Coptidis Rhizoma Alkaloids Extract (CAE). This method was a combination of two previously described assays: HepG2 cell extraction with HPLC analysis and a free fatty acid-induced (FFA) hepatic steatosis HepG2 cell assay. Two alkaloids within CAE, berberine and coptisine, were identified by HepG2 cell extraction with HPLC analysis as high affinity components for HepG2. These alkaloids were also determined to be active and potent compounds capable of lowering triglyceride (TG) accumulation in the FFA-induced hepatic steatosis HepG2 cell assay. This remarkable inhibition of TG accumulation (P < 0.01) by berberine and coptisine occurred at concentrations of 0.2 μg/mL and 5.0 μg/mL, respectively. At these concentrations, the effect seen was similar to that of a CAE at 100.0 μg/mL. Another five alkaloids within CAE, palmatine, epiberberine, jateorhizine, columbamine, and magnoline, were found to have a lower affinity for cellular components from HepG2 cells and a lower inhibition of TG accumulation. The finding of two potent and active compounds within CAE indicates that the screening method we developed is a feasible, rapid, and useful tool for studying traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in treating hepatic steatosis.
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Dong S, Tong X, Li J, Huang C, Hu C, Jiao H, Gu Y. Total flavonoid of Litsea coreana leve exerts anti-oxidative effects and alleviates focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neural Regen Res 2013; 8:3193-202. [PMID: 25206640 PMCID: PMC4146186 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.34.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we hypothesized that total flavonoid of Litsea coreana leve (TFLC) protects against focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. TFLC (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) was administered orally to a rat model of focal ischemia/reperfusion injury, while the free radical scavenging agent, edaravone, was used as a positive control drug. Results of neurological deficit scoring, 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining and biochemical tests showed that TFLC at different doses significantly alleviated cerebral ischemia-induced neurological deficits and histopathological changes, and reduced infarct volume. Moreover, it suppressed the increase in the levels of nitrates plus nitrites, malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase, and it diminished the reduction in gluta-thione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in-jury. Compared with edaravone, the protective effects of TFLC at low and medium doses (25, 50 mg/kg) against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were weaker, while the protective effects at high dose (100 mg/kg) were similar. Our experimental findings suggest that TFLC exerts neuroprotective effects against focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats, and that the effects may be asso-ciated with its antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xuhui Tong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chengmu Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hao Jiao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuchen Gu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, Anhui Province, China
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Zheng XK, Wang WW, Zhang L, Su CF, Wu YY, Ke YY, Hou QW, Liu ZY, Gao AS, Feng WS. Antihyperlipidaemic and antioxidant effect of the total flavonoids in Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring in diabetic mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 65:757-66. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidaemic and antioxidant activity of total flavonoids in Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring (TFST) in a mouse model of diabetes.
Methods
Normal mice, mice fed with a high-fat emulsion diet and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice were treated with TFST for 6 weeks. Serum glucose, insulin and lipid, hepatic steatosis, production of the protein visfatin and antioxidant indices were evaluated.
Key findings
TFST significantly decreased the concentration of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, while it increased the levels of insulin and high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic mice. TFST also improved the results of the oral glucose tolerance test to a certain degree. Furthermore, both the free fatty acid levels in the liver and hepatic steatosis were ameliorated by TFST treatment. These changes may be be associated with decreased production of visfatin. Administration of TFST also significantly decreased the levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and inducible nitric oxide synthase and increased the content of glutathione and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase in the liver. No change in blood glucose levels were observed in the normal mice treated with TFST.
Conclusions
TFST showed an excellent effect in reducing the high blood glucose level but had no effect on normal blood glucose level. The antidiabetic activity of TFST could be explained by its antioxidant and antihyperlipidaemic activity, which finally elevated the insulin sensitivity of liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-ke Zheng
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei-wei Wang
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cheng-fu Su
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong-yong Wu
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying-ying Ke
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qing-wei Hou
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhao-yan Liu
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ai-she Gao
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei-sheng Feng
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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Meng Q, Qian Z, Li X, Li D, Huang W, Zhao J, Li S. Free radical scavenging activity of Eagle tea and their flavonoids. Acta Pharm Sin B 2012; 2:246-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Hu CM, Cao Q, Lv XW, Cheng WM, Li R, Li J. Protective Effects of Total Flavonoids from Litsea coreana on Alcoholic Fatty Liver in Rats Associated with Down-Regulation Adipose Differentiation-Related Protein Expression. Am J Chin Med 2012; 40:599-610. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x12500450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) is a reversible condition, but it can potentiate the development of alcoholic hepatitis and even cirrhosis by increasing oxidant generation, which is one of the key pathogenic factors and could result in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Total flavonoids from Litsea coreana (TFLC), an active component extracted from Litsea coreana leve, have been shown to have therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia. The present study was to evaluate the protective effects of TFLC on alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) in rats, and investigate the potential mechanism. An AFL model in rats was established by intaking different doses of alcohol (concentration from 5% to 40%) over 12 weeks. Serum levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TNF-α, insulin, and glucose were measured, histopathologic changes were determined, and expression of adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP) in the liver were evaluated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The results showed that treatment with TFLC resulted in decreased serum levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, TNF-α, glucose and insulin, as well as improved liver index. Morphological evaluation revealed rats in model group developed a severe steatosis, but the severities of liver steatosis were effectively ameliorated in TFLC (200 and 400 mg/kg) treated groups. Expression of hepatic ADRP were increased in model group, and suppressed in TFLC treated groups. These results suggest that TFLC had a protective effect on AFL rats; the mechanism may be involved in regulation serum lipid profiles via down-regulation of hepatic expression of ADRP in AFL rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Mu Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Medicine of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Medicine of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Xiong-Wen Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Medicine of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Ming Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Medicine of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Medicine of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory for Bioactivity of Natural Medicine of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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Lu YX, Zhang Q, Li J, Sun YX, Wang LY, Cheng WM, Hu XY. Antidiabetic Effects of Total Flavonoids from Litsea Coreana leve on Fat-Fed, Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Am J Chin Med 2012; 38:713-25. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x10008184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was initiated to determine the possible antidiabetic effects of total flavonoids of Litsea Coreana leve (TFLC), an alcohol extract from the dried leaves of Litsea Coreana leve, on type 2 diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats ( n = 40, 160–180 g) were divided into two groups and fed with normal chow diet (Normal Control group) or high-fat diet (HFD) for a period of 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of dietary manipulation, the HFD-fed rats were injected with 30 mg/kg streptozocin (STZ) to induce diabetes 72 hours after STZ injection. These diabetic rats were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10): Diabetic Control group, Diabetic + TFLC group and Diabetic + PIO group. Diabetic + TFLC group and Diabetic + PIO group were orally administered with 400 mg/kg TFLC or 10 mg/kg pioglitazone (all suspended in 0.5% CMC-Na) respectively for 6 weeks. All rats were examined for body weight, serum and hepatic biochemical indices, content of malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and pathological changes in liver and pancreas, as well as protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) expression in liver. The diabetic rats became obese, insulin resistant, hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic. Treatment with TFLC showed a significant increase in insulin sensitivity, serum HDL-C level and SOD activities, meanwhile marked decrease in body weight, serum FFA, TC, TG, LDL-C, CRP, MDA content. TFLC also attenuated pathologic alterations in liver and pancreatic islet. Furthermore, TFLC was found to decrease the expression of PTP1B in diabetic rat liver. These results suggested that TFLC could ameliorate hyperglycemia, hyperlipoidemia, inflammation and oxidation stress, as well as insulin resistance of type 2 diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xia Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xiu Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Yun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Ming Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yang Hu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
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Ye M, Liu D, Zhang R, Yang L, Wang J. Effect of hawk tea (Litsea coreana L.) on the numbers of lactic acid bacteria and flavour compounds of yoghurt. Int Dairy J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Ma T, Huang C, Meng X, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Lv X, Jin Y, Xie J, Li J. Fingerprint analysis of Hawk-tea by high-performance liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2011; 129:551-556. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2008] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Suriyavathana Vedanarayanan M, Krishnan N. Ayurvedic formulation of Liv-Pro-08 reduces nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats fed with high-fat diet. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2011; 4:236-41. [PMID: 22196506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2011.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a serious obesity-related disorder, and it will continue to be a major liver health issue worldwide in the coming decades. We aimed to determine the effect of Liv-Pro-08 (Nigella sativa, Entada pursaetha, and Ficus glomerata) an oral ayurvedic formulation on rats fed with high-fat diet. Rats were given a high-fat diet for a period of 7 days. After this period, Liv-Pro-08 (250, 500, and 750 mg/kg.body weight was given orally for 7 days. We examined the effect of the high-fat diet on various parameters related to obesity and insulin resistance. In the experimental rats who received the extract of Liv-Pro-08, their lipoprotein profiles were significantly improved compared with those that are not receiving the extract. Also, a slight reduction was observed in serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes. Moreover, Liv-Pro-08 significantly decreased their fasting serum glucose and fasting insulin levels. This experimental study suggests that Liv-Pro-08 can act as a therapeutic tool in preventing NAFLD progression (i.e., reducing hepatic lipid accumulation). Although further investigations and large randomized trials should be conducted, ayurvedic Liv-Pro-08 oral formulation may be a potential natural drug for NAFLD in the future.
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Abstract
The petroleum ether, acetic ester, methanol and water extracts of laoying tea were prepared and their antioxidant properties were studied. At 160 µg/mL, the methanol extract showed a high reducing power of 1.206. With regard to the scavenging ability on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals, extracts were effective in the order: methanol > acetic ester > water > petroleum ether extracts. EC50 values for chelating ability on ferrous ions for petroleum ether, acetic ester, methanol and water extracts were 11.76, 14.32, 6.05 and 1.02 mg/mL, respectively. Based on EC50 values, the various extracts from laoying tea were effective antioxidants.
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Huang C, Ma T, Meng X, Lv X, Zhang L, Wang J, Li J. Potential protective effects of a traditional Chinese herb, Litsea coreana Levl., on liver fibrosis in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 62:223-30. [PMID: 20487202 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.62.02.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It was found that total flavonoids from Litsea coreana Levl. (TFLC), which is a traditional Chinese medicine, had a preventive effect against hepatic steatosis in our previous study. This study was designed to evaluate whether TFLC could improve liver fibrosis in rats. METHODS The liver fibrosis model rats were treated with composite factors of high-fat emulsion (10 ml/kg) via gavage accompanied by a subcutaneous injection of low-dose CCl(4). Thirty rats were given composite factors plus TFLC (100, 200, 400 mg/kg), respectively, for 8 weeks. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that TFLC (200 and 400 mg/kg) treatment significantly reduced the elevation of liver index (liver weight/body weight) and spleen index (spleen weight/body weight), alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, hyaluronic acid, laminin, procollagen III N-terminal peptide, procollagenase IV and hydroxyproline. In addition, TFLC treatment improved the morphologic changes of hepatic fibrosis, suppressed expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, collagen I, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and TGFbeta receptor (TGFbetaR)1, and increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma expression in the liver of hepatic fibrosis rats. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, TFLC is able to ameliorate liver injury and protect rats from liver fibrosis. This process may be related to inhibiting the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 and increasing the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Hong Kong, China
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Ho CL, Hsu KP, Tseng YH, Liao PC, Wang EIC, Jeyashoke N, Chien TC, Dong WC, Su YC. Composition and Antifungal Activities of the Leaf Essential oil of Litsea Coreana from Taiwan. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000501033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydrodistilled leaf essential oil of Litsea coreana was analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. Fifty-two compounds were identified, the main components being n-decanal (27.5%), 2 E,6 E-farnesol (25.8%), β-eudesmol (10.3%), ethyl n-dodecanoate (8.0%) and τ-cadinol (6.6%). Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (56.8%) and non-terpenoids (37.0%) were the predominant groups of compounds. The leaf oil exhibited excellent antifungal and anti-wood-decay fungal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Lung Ho
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung, Taiwan 402
- Division of Wood Cellulose, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute. 53, Nanhai Rd., Taipei, Taiwan 100
| | - Kuang-Ping Hsu
- Division of Wood Cellulose, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute. 53, Nanhai Rd., Taipei, Taiwan 100
| | - Yen-Hsueh Tseng
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung, Taiwan 402
| | - Pei-Chun Liao
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Ilan University, 1 Shen-Lung Rd., Ilan, Taiwan 260
| | - Eugene I-Chen Wang
- Division of Wood Cellulose, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute. 53, Nanhai Rd., Taipei, Taiwan 100
| | - Narumon Jeyashoke
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tzu-Chao Chien
- Division of Wood Cellulose, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute. 53, Nanhai Rd., Taipei, Taiwan 100
| | - Wei-Chih Dong
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Ilan University, 1 Shen-Lung Rd., Ilan, Taiwan 260
| | - Yu-Chang Su
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung, Taiwan 402
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Aoun M, Michel F, Fouret G, Casas F, Jullien M, Wrutniak-Cabello C, Ramos J, Cristol JP, Coudray C, Carbonneau MA. A polyphenol extract modifies quantity but not quality of liver fatty acid content in high-fat-high-sucrose diet-fed rats: possible implication of the sirtuin pathway. Br J Nutr. 2010;104:1760-1770. [PMID: 20673376 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114510002850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
High-fat or high-fat-high-sucrose diets are known to induce non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and this is emerging as one of the most common liver diseases worldwide. Some polyphenols have been reported to decrease rat hepatic lipid accumulation, in particular those extracted from red grapes such as resveratrol. The present study was designed to determine whether a polyphenol extract (PPE), from red grapes, modulates liver fatty acid composition and desaturase activity indexes in rats fed a high-fat-high-sucrose (HFHS) diet, and to explore whether sirtuin-1 deacetylase activation was implicated in the effect of the PPE against liver steatosis. The effect of this PPE on mitochondriogenesis and mitochondrial activity was also explored. The PPE decreased liver TAG content in HFHS+PPE diet-fed rats in comparison with HFHS diet-fed rats. The PPE had no effect on liver fatty acid composition, desaturase activity indexes and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) gene expression. Sirtuin-1 deacetylase protein expression was significantly increased with the PPE; AMP kinase protein expression was higher with the PPE in comparison with the HFHS rats, but no modification of phosphorylated AMP kinase was observed. Protein expression of phospho-acetyl-CoA carboxylase was decreased in HFHS rats and returned to basal values with the PPE. Finally, the PPE modulated PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) but did not modify mitochondriogenesis and mitochondrial activity. In conclusion, the PPE partially prevented the accumulation of TAG in the liver by regulating acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation, a key enzyme in lipid metabolism, probably via sirtuin-1 deacetylase activation. However, the PPE had no effect on the qualitative composition of liver fatty acids.
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Baiges I, Palmfeldt J, Bladé C, Gregersen N, Arola L. Lipogenesis is decreased by grape seed proanthocyanidins according to liver proteomics of rats fed a high fat diet. Mol Cell Proteomics 2010; 9:1499-513. [PMID: 20332082 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m000055-mcp201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive proanthocyanidins have been reported to have several beneficial effects on health in relation to metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. We studied the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). This is the first study of the effects of flavonoids on the liver proteome of rats suffering from metabolic syndrome. Three groups of rats were fed over a period of 13 weeks either a chow diet (control), an HFD, or a high fat diet supplemented for the last 10 days with GSPE (HFD + GSPE). The liver proteome was fractionated, using a Triton X-114-based two-phase separation, into soluble and membrane protein fractions so that total proteome coverage was considerably improved. The data from isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based nano-LC-MS/MS analysis revealed 90 proteins with a significant (p < 0.05) minimal expression difference of 20% due to metabolic syndrome (HFD versus control) and 75 proteins due to GSPE treatment (HFD + GSPE versus HFD). The same animals have previously been studied (Quesada, H., del Bas, J. M., Pajuelo, D., Díaz, S., Fernandez-Larrea, J., Pinent, M., Arola, L., Salvadó, M. J., and Bladé, C. (2009) Grape seed proanthocyanidins correct dyslipidemia associated with a high-fat diet in rats and repress genes controlling lipogenesis and VLDL assembling in liver. Int. J. Obes. 33, 1007-1012), and GSPE was shown to correct dyslipidemia observed in HFD-fed rats probably through the repression of hepatic lipogenesis. Our data corroborate those findings with an extensive list of proteins describing the induction of hepatic glycogenesis, glycolysis, and fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis in HFD, whereas the opposite pattern was observed to a large extent in GSPE-treated animals. GSPE was shown to have a wider effect than previously thought, and putative targets of GSPE involved in the reversal of the symptoms of metabolic syndrome were revealed. Some of these novel candidate proteins such as GFPT1, CD36, PLAA (phospholipase A(2)-activating protein), METTL7B, SLC30A1, several G signaling proteins, and the sulfide-metabolizing ETHE1 and SQRDL (sulfide-quinone reductase-like) might be considered as drug targets for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Baiges
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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Kong X, Yang JR, Guo LQ, Xiong Y, Wu XQ, Huang K, Zhou Y. Sesamin improves endothelial dysfunction in renovascular hypertensive rats fed with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 620:84-9. [PMID: 19699195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2009] [Revised: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the possible in vivo protective effects of sesamin on hypertension and endothelial function in two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertensive rats fed with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet (2K1C rats on HFS diet). Sesamin was orally administered for 8 weeks in 2K1C rats on HFS diet. Then, the serum malondialdehyde level was determined. The protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nitrotyrosine and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunit p47(phox) in aortas was detected by Western blotting. Vasorelaxation response to acetylcholine and nitroprusside, and functional assessment of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity were also determined in aortic rings. Sesamin treatment reduced systolic blood pressure, improved vasodilatation induced by acetylcholine and enhanced NO bioactivity in the thoracic aortas. These changes were associated with increased eNOS, decreased malondialdehyde content, and reduced nitrotyrosine and p47(phox) protein expression. All these results suggest that chronic treatment with sesamin reduces hypertension and improves endothelial dysfunction through upregulation of eNOS expression and reduction of NO oxidative inactivation in 2K1C rats on HFS diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, Third-Grade Pharmacology Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
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