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Blaauwendraad SM, Shahin S, Duh-Leong C, Liu M, Kannan K, Kahn LG, Jaddoe VWV, Ghassabian A, Trasande L. Fetal bisphenol and phthalate exposure and early childhood growth in a New York City birth cohort. Environ Int 2024; 187:108726. [PMID: 38733764 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenols and phthalates during pregnancy may disrupt fetal developmental programming and influence early-life growth. We hypothesized that prenatal bisphenol and phthalate exposure was associated with alterations in adiposity through 4 years. This associations might change over time. METHODS Among 1091 mother-child pairs in a New York City birth cohort study, we measured maternal urinary concentrations of bisphenols and phthalates at three time points in pregnancy and child weight, height, and triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness at ages 1, 2, 3, and 4 years. We used linear mixed models to assess associations of prenatal individual and grouped bisphenols and phthalates with overall and time-point-specific adiposity outcomes from birth to 4 years. RESULTS We observed associations of higher maternal urinary second trimester total bisphenol and bisphenol A concentrations in pregnancy and overall child weight between birth and 4 years only (Beta 0.10 (95 % confidence interval 0.04, 0.16) and 0.07 (0.02, 0.12) standard deviation score (SDS) change in weight per natural log increase in exposure), We reported an interaction of the exposures with time, and analysis showed associations of higher pregnancy-averaged mono-(2-carboxymethyl) phthalate with higher child weight at 3 years (0.14 (0.06, 0.22)), and of higher high-molecular-weight phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate, mono-(2-carboxymethyl) phthalate, and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate with higher child weight at 4 years (0.16 (0.04, 0.28), 0.15 (0.03, 0.27), 0.19 (0.07, 0.31), 0.16 (0.07, 0.24), 0.11 (0.03, 0.19)). Higher pregnancy-averaged high-molecular-weight phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, and mono-2(ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate concentrations were associated with higher child BMI at 4 years (0.20 (0.05, 0.35), 0.20 (0.05, 0.35), 0.22 (0.06, 0.37), 0.20 (0.05, 0.34), 0.20 (0.05, 0.34)). For skinfold thicknesses, we observed no associations. DISCUSSION This study contributes to the evidence suggesting associations of prenatal exposure to bisphenols and high-molecular-weight phthalates on childhood weight and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia M Blaauwendraad
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sarvenaz Shahin
- Departments of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carol Duh-Leong
- Departments of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mengling Liu
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Departments of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Linda G Kahn
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Departments of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Departments of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; New York University College of Global Public Health, New York City, NY 10016, United States.
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Svensson K, Gennings C, Lindh C, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, Wikström S, Bornehag CG. EDC mixtures during pregnancy and body fat at 7 years of age in a Swedish cohort, the SELMA study. Environ Res 2024; 248:118293. [PMID: 38281561 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC), are "obesogens" and have been associated with overweight and obesity in children. Daily exposure to different classes of EDCs demands for research with mixtures approach. OBJECTIVES This study evaluates the association, considering sex-specific effects, between prenatal exposure to EDC mixture and children's body fat at seven years of age. METHODS A total of 26 EDCs were assessed in prenatal urine and serum samples from first trimester in pregnancy from 737 mother-child pairs participating in the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal, Mother and child, Asthma and allergy (SELMA) study. An indicator for children's "overall body fat" was calculated, using principal component analysis (PCA), based on BMI, percent body fat, waist, and skinfolds measured at seven years of age. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was used to assess associations between EDC mixture and children's body fat. RESULTS Principal component (PC1) represented 83.6 % of the variance, suitable as indicator for children's "overall body fat", with positive loadings of 0.40-0.42 for each body fat measure. A significant interaction term, WQS*sex, confirmed associations in the opposite direction for boys and girls. Higher prenatal exposure to EDC mixture was borderline significant with more "overall body fat" for boys (Mean β = 0.20; 95 % CI: -0.13, 0.53) and less for girls (Mean β = -0.23; 95 % CI: -0.58, 0.13). Also, higher prenatal exposure to EDC mixture was borderline significant with more percent body fat (standardized score) for boys (Mean β = 0.09; 95 % CI: -0.04, 0.21) and less for girls (Mean β = -0.10 (-0.26, 0.05). The chemicals of concern included bisphenols, phthalates, PFAS, PAH, and pesticides with different patterns for boys and girls. DISCUSSION Borderline significant associations were found between prenatal exposure to a mixture of EDCs and children's body fat. The associations in opposite directions suggests that prenatal exposure to EDCs may present sex-specific effects on children's body fat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sverre Wikström
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; Centre for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Sweden
| | - Carl-Gustaf Bornehag
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden; Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Azevedo-Martins AK, Santos MP, Abayomi J, Ferreira NJR, Evangelista FS. The Impact of Excessive Fructose Intake on Adipose Tissue and the Development of Childhood Obesity. Nutrients 2024; 16:939. [PMID: 38612973 PMCID: PMC11013923 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, childhood obesity cases continue to rise, and its prevalence is known to increase the risk of non-communicable diseases typically found in adults, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, comprehending its multiple causes to build healthier approaches and revert this scenario is urgent. Obesity development is strongly associated with high fructose intake since the excessive consumption of this highly lipogenic sugar leads to white fat accumulation and causes white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysregulated adipokine release. Unfortunately, the global consumption of fructose has increased dramatically in recent years, which is associated with the fact that fructose is not always evident to consumers, as it is commonly added as a sweetener in food and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). Therefore, here, we discuss the impact of excessive fructose intake on adipose tissue biology, its contribution to childhood obesity, and current strategies for reducing high fructose and/or free sugar intake. To achieve such reductions, we conclude that it is important that the population has access to reliable information about food ingredients via food labels. Consumers also need scientific education to understand potential health risks to themselves and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karenina Azevedo-Martins
- Group of Study in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (M.P.S.); (N.J.R.F.); (F.S.E.)
| | - Matheus Pedro Santos
- Group of Study in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (M.P.S.); (N.J.R.F.); (F.S.E.)
| | - Julie Abayomi
- School of Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK;
| | - Natália Juliana Ramos Ferreira
- Group of Study in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (M.P.S.); (N.J.R.F.); (F.S.E.)
| | - Fabiana S. Evangelista
- Group of Study in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (M.P.S.); (N.J.R.F.); (F.S.E.)
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Wang J, Liu C, Hu R, Wu L, Li C. Statin therapy: a potential adjuvant to immunotherapies in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1324140. [PMID: 38362156 PMCID: PMC10867224 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1324140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide and accounts for more than 90% of primary liver cancer. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related therapies combined with angiogenesis inhibition has revolutionized the treatment of HCC in late-stage and unresectable HCC, as ICIs alone were disappointing in treating HCC. In addition to the altered immune microenvironment, abnormal lipid metabolism in the liver has been extensively characterized in various types of HCC. Stains are known for their cholesterol-lowering properties and their long history of treating hypercholesterolemia and reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Apart from ICI and other conventional therapies, statins are frequently used by advanced HCC patients with dyslipidemia, which is often marked by the abnormal accumulation of cholesterol and fatty acids in the liver. Supported by a body of preclinical and clinical studies, statins may unexpectedly enhance the efficacy of ICI therapy in HCC patients through the regulation of inflammatory responses and the immune microenvironment. This review discusses the abnormal changes in lipid metabolism in HCC, summarizes the clinical evidence and benefits of stain use in HCC, and prospects the possible mechanistic actions of statins in transforming the immune microenvironment in HCC when combined with immunotherapies. Consequently, the use of statin therapy may emerge as a novel and valuable adjuvant for immunotherapies in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ronghua Hu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Licheng Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuanzhou Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wells JCK, Desoye G, Leon DA. Reconsidering the developmental origins of adult disease paradigm: The 'metabolic coordination of childbirth' hypothesis. Evol Med Public Health 2024; 12:50-66. [PMID: 38380130 PMCID: PMC10878253 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In uncomplicated pregnancies, birthweight is inversely associated with adult non-communicable disease (NCD) risk. One proposed mechanism is maternal malnutrition during pregnancy. Another explanation is that shared genes link birthweight with NCDs. Both hypotheses are supported, but evolutionary perspectives address only the environmental pathway. We propose that genetic and environmental associations of birthweight with NCD risk reflect coordinated regulatory systems between mother and foetus, that evolved to reduce risks of obstructed labour. First, the foetus must tailor its growth to maternal metabolic signals, as it cannot predict the size of the birth canal from its own genome. Second, we predict that maternal alleles that promote placental nutrient supply have been selected to constrain foetal growth and gestation length when fetally expressed. Conversely, maternal alleles that increase birth canal size have been selected to promote foetal growth and gestation when fetally expressed. Evidence supports these hypotheses. These regulatory mechanisms may have undergone powerful selection as hominin neonates evolved larger size and encephalisation, since every mother is at risk of gestating a baby excessively for her pelvis. Our perspective can explain the inverse association of birthweight with NCD risk across most of the birthweight range: any constraint of birthweight, through plastic or genetic mechanisms, may reduce the capacity for homeostasis and increase NCD susceptibility. However, maternal obesity and diabetes can overwhelm this coordination system, challenging vaginal delivery while increasing offspring NCD risk. We argue that selection on viable vaginal delivery played an over-arching role in shaping the association of birthweight with NCD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C K Wells
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - David A Leon
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
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Josefson JL. It's All About Fat, Baby: Is Infant Adiposity Associated With Later Adverse Metabolic Health? Diabetes Care 2024; 47:44-46. [PMID: 38117994 PMCID: PMC10733646 DOI: 10.2337/dci23-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jami L. Josefson
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Svensson K, Gennings C, Hagenäs L, Wolk A, Håkansson N, Wikström S, Bornehag CG. Maternal nutrition during mid-pregnancy and children's body composition at 7 years of age in the SELMA study. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1982-1992. [PMID: 37232113 PMCID: PMC10632724 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Optimal nutrition during pregnancy is vital for both maternal and child health. Our objective was to explore if prenatal diet is associated with children's height and body fat. Nutrient intake was assessed through a FFQ from 808 pregnant women and summarised to a nutrition index, 'My Nutrition Index' (MNI). The association with children's height and body fat (bioimpedance) was assessed with linear regression models. Secondary analysis was performed with BMI, trunk fat and skinfolds. Overall, higher MNI score was associated with greater height (β = 0·47; (95 % CI 0·00, 0·94), among both sexes. Among boys, higher MNI was associated with 0·15 higher BMI z-scores, 0·12 body fat z-scores, 0·11 trunk fat z-scores, and larger triceps, and triceps + subscapular skinfolds (β = 0·05 and β = 0·06; on the log2 scale) (P-value < 0·05). Among girls, the opposite associations were found with 0·12 lower trunk fat z-scores, and smaller subscapular and suprailiac skinfolds (β = -0·07 and β = -0·10; on the log2 scale) (P-value < 0·05). For skinfold measures, this would represent a ± 1·0 millimetres difference. Unexpectedly, a prenatal diet in line with recommended nutrient intake was associated with higher measures of body fat for boys and opposite to girls at a pre-pubertal stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Lars Hagenäs
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sverre Wikström
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
- Centre for Clinical Research and Education, County Council of Värmland, Värmland County, Sweden
| | - Carl-Gustaf Bornehag
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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Rabinowich A, Avisdris N, Yehuda B, Zilberman A, Graziani T, Neeman B, Specktor-Fadida B, Link-Sourani D, Wexler Y, Herzlich J, Krajden Haratz K, Joskowicz L, Ben Sira L, Hiersch L, Ben Bashat D. Fetal MRI-Based Body and Adiposity Quantification for Small for Gestational Age Perinatal Risk Stratification. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023. [PMID: 37982367 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses are at risk for perinatal adverse outcomes. Fetal body composition reflects the fetal nutrition status and hold promise as potential prognostic indicator. MRI quantification of fetal anthropometrics may enhance SGA risk stratification. HYPOTHESIS Smaller, leaner fetuses are malnourished and will experience unfavorable outcomes. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION 40 SGA fetuses, 26 (61.9%) females: 10/40 (25%) had obstetric interventions due to non-reassuring fetal status (NRFS), and 17/40 (42.5%) experienced adverse neonatal events (CANO). Participants underwent MRI between gestational ages 30 + 2 and 37 + 2. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3-T, True Fast Imaging with Steady State Free Precession (TruFISP) and T1 -weighted two-point Dixon (T1 W Dixon) sequences. ASSESSMENT Total body volume (TBV), fat signal fraction (FSF), and the fat-to-body volumes ratio (FBVR) were extracted from TruFISP and T1 W Dixon images, and computed from automatic fetal body and subcutaneous fat segmentations by deep learning. Subjects were followed until hospital discharge, and obstetric interventions and neonatal adverse events were recorded. STATISTICAL TESTS Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions for the association between TBV, FBVR, and FSF and interventions for NRFS and CANO. Fisher's exact test was used to measure the association between sonographic FGR criteria and perinatal outcomes. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy were calculated. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS FBVR (odds ratio [OR] 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2-0.76) and FSF (OR 0.95, CI 0.91-0.99) were linked with NRFS interventions. Furthermore, TBV (OR 0.69, CI 0.56-0.86) and FSF (OR 0.96, CI 0.93-0.99) were linked to CANO. The FBVR sensitivity/specificity for obstetric interventions was 85.7%/87.5%, and the TBV sensitivity/specificity for CANO was 82.35%/86.4%. The sonographic criteria sensitivity/specificity for obstetric interventions was 100%/33.3% and insignificant for CANO (P = 0.145). DATA CONCLUSION Reduced TBV and FBVR may be associated with higher rates of obstetric interventions for NRFS and CANO. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviad Rabinowich
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Radiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Netanell Avisdris
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Bossmat Yehuda
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ayala Zilberman
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Hospital for Women, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamir Graziani
- Department of Radiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Bar Neeman
- Department of Radiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Bella Specktor-Fadida
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dafna Link-Sourani
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yair Wexler
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Jacky Herzlich
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Karina Krajden Haratz
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Hospital for Women, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Leo Joskowicz
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liat Ben Sira
- Department of Radiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Liran Hiersch
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Hospital for Women, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Dafna Ben Bashat
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Rabaglino MB, Sánchez JM, McDonald M, O’Callaghan E, Lonergan P. Maternal blood transcriptome as a sensor of fetal organ maturation at the end of organogenesis in cattle†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:749-758. [PMID: 37658765 PMCID: PMC10651065 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Harnessing information from the maternal blood to predict fetal growth is attractive yet scarcely explored in livestock. The objectives were to determine the transcriptomic modifications in maternal blood and fetal liver, gonads, and heart according to fetal weight and to model a molecular signature based on the fetal organs allowing the prediction of fetal weight from the maternal blood transcriptome in cattle. In addition to a contemporaneous maternal blood sample, organ samples were collected from 10 male fetuses at 42 days of gestation for RNA-sequencing. Fetal weight ranged from 1.25 to 1.69 g (mean = 1.44 ± 0.15 g). Clustering data analysis revealed clusters of co-expressed genes positively correlated with fetal weight and enriching ontological terms biologically relevant for the organ. For the heart, the 1346 co-expressed genes were involved in energy generation and protein synthesis. For the gonads, the 1042 co-expressed genes enriched seminiferous tubule development. The 459 co-expressed genes identified in the liver were associated with lipid synthesis and metabolism. Finally, the cluster of 571 co-expressed genes determined in maternal blood enriched oxidative phosphorylation and thermogenesis. Next, data from the fetal organs were used to train a regression model of fetal weight, which was predicted with the maternal blood data. The best prediction was achieved when the model was trained with 35 co-expressed genes overlapping between heart and maternal blood (root-mean-square error = 0.04, R2 = 0.93). In conclusion, linking transcriptomic information from maternal blood with that from the fetal heart unveiled maternal blood as a predictor of fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Belen Rabaglino
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - José María Sánchez
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael McDonald
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Elena O’Callaghan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Pat Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Meek CL. An unwelcome inheritance: childhood obesity after diabetes in pregnancy. Diabetologia 2023; 66:1961-1970. [PMID: 37442824 PMCID: PMC10541526 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05965-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes in pregnancy affects 20 million women per year and is associated with increased risk of obesity in offspring, leading to insulin resistance and cardiometabolic disease. Despite the substantial public health ramifications, relatively little is known about the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying obesity in these high-risk children, which creates a barrier to successful intervention. While maternal glucose itself is undeniably a major stimulus upon intrauterine growth, the degree of offspring hyperinsulinism and disturbed lipid metabolism in mothers and offspring are also likely to be implicated in the disease process. The aim of this review is to summarise current understanding of the pathophysiology of childhood obesity after intrauterine exposure to maternal hyperglycaemia and to highlight possible opportunities for intervention. I present here a new unified hypothesis for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in infants born to mothers with diabetes, which involves self-perpetuating twin cycles of pancreatic beta cell hyperfunction and altered lipid metabolism, both acutely and chronically upregulated by intrauterine exposure to maternal hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Meek
- Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
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Borboa-Olivares H, Torres-Torres J, Flores-Pliego A, Espejel-Nuñez A, Camacho-Arroyo I, Guzman-Huerta M, Perichart-Perera O, Piña-Ramirez O, Estrada-Gutierrez G. AI-Enhanced Analysis Reveals Impact of Maternal Diabetes on Subcutaneous Fat Mass in Fetuses without Growth Alterations. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6485. [PMID: 37892622 PMCID: PMC10607577 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnant women with diabetes often present impaired fetal growth, which is less common if maternal diabetes is well-controlled. However, developing strategies to estimate fetal body composition beyond fetal growth that could better predict metabolic complications later in life is essential. This study aimed to evaluate subcutaneous fat tissue (femur and humerus) in fetuses with normal growth among pregnant women with well-controlled diabetes using a reproducible 3D-ultrasound tool and offline TUI (Tomographic Ultrasound Imaging) analysis. Additionally, three artificial intelligence classifier models were trained and validated to assess the clinical utility of the fetal subcutaneous fat measurement. A significantly larger subcutaneous fat area was found in three-femur and two-humerus selected segments of fetuses from women with diabetes compared to the healthy pregnant control group. The full classifier model that includes subcutaneous fat measure, gestational age, fetal weight, fetal abdominal circumference, maternal body mass index, and fetal weight percentile as variables, showed the best performance, with a detection rate of 70%, considering a false positive rate of 10%, and a positive predictive value of 82%. These findings provide valuable insights into the impact of maternal diabetes on fetal subcutaneous fat tissue as a variable independent of fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Borboa-Olivares
- Community Interventions Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Johnatan Torres-Torres
- Clinical Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - Arturo Flores-Pliego
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (A.F.-P.); (A.E.-N.)
| | - Aurora Espejel-Nuñez
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (A.F.-P.); (A.E.-N.)
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - Mario Guzman-Huerta
- Department of Translational Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - Otilia Perichart-Perera
- Nutrition and Bioprogramming Department, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - Omar Piña-Ramirez
- Bioinformatics and Statistical Analysis Department, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
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Zhang J, Qiu Z, Zhang Y, Wang G, Hao H. Intracellular spatiotemporal metabolism in connection to target engagement. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115024. [PMID: 37516411 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism in eukaryotic cells is a highly ordered system involving various cellular compartments, which fluctuates based on physiological rhythms. Organelles, as the smallest independent sub-cell unit, are important contributors to cell metabolism and drug metabolism, collectively designated intracellular metabolism. However, disruption of intracellular spatiotemporal metabolism can lead to disease development and progression, as well as drug treatment interference. In this review, we systematically discuss spatiotemporal metabolism in cells and cell subpopulations. In particular, we focused on metabolism compartmentalization and physiological rhythms, including the variation and regulation of metabolic enzymes, metabolic pathways, and metabolites. Additionally, the intricate relationship among intracellular spatiotemporal metabolism, metabolism-related diseases, and drug therapy/toxicity has been discussed. Finally, approaches and strategies for intracellular spatiotemporal metabolism analysis and potential target identification are introduced, along with examples of potential new drug design based on this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixia Qiu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Research Unit of PK-PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Dieberger AM, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Harreiter J, Desoye G, van Poppel MNM. Physical activity and sedentary time across pregnancy and associations with neonatal weight, adiposity and cord blood parameters: a secondary analysis of the DALI study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:873-881. [PMID: 37500924 PMCID: PMC10439006 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Obesity during pregnancy is associated with neonatal adiposity, which is a risk factor for childhood obesity. Maternal physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours during pregnancy might modify this risk. We therefore studied associations between maternal PA and sedentary time (ST) during pregnancy and neonatal anthropometry and cord blood parameters and investigated whether associations differed by offspring sex. SUBJECTS/METHODS Participants of the Vitamin D And Lifestyle Intervention for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention (DALI) study with a BMI ≥ 29 kg/m2 were analysed as a cohort. Maternal moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and ST were measured repeatedly with accelerometers across pregnancy. Associations between mean levels and changes in MVPA and ST and birthweight, neonatal adiposity (fat mass (FM)%) and cord blood parameters, including C-peptide, leptin and lipids, were analysed in 213 mother-child pairs with Bayesian multilevel models. Interactions with offspring sex were considered. RESULTS Almost all women decreased MVPA levels and increased ST throughout gestation. Both higher maternal mean MVPA and increasing MVPA were associated with lower offspring FM% in males (-0.520%; 95% CI: -1.011%, -0.031% and -4.649%; -7.876%, -1.432% respectively). In female offspring, mean ST was associated with lower cord blood C-peptide (-0.145 µg/l; -0.279 µg/l, -0.005 µg/l). No associations were found with birthweight or other cord blood parameters. CONCLUSIONS Maternal MVPA is associated with neonatal fat mass, but not birthweight, in male offspring. Our findings underline the importance of physical activity throughout pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Dieberger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jürgen Harreiter
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Svensson K, Gennings C, Lindh C, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, Wikström S, Bornehag CG. Prenatal exposures to mixtures of endocrine disrupting chemicals and sex-specific associations with children's BMI and overweight at 5.5 years of age in the SELMA study. Environ Int 2023; 179:108176. [PMID: 37672941 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to mixtures of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) has the potential to disrupt human metabolism. Prenatal periods are especially sensitive as many developmental processes are regulated by hormones. Prenatal exposure to EDCs has inconsistently been associated with children's body mass index (BMI) and obesity. The objective of this study was to investigate if prenatal exposure to a mixture of EDCs was associated with children's BMI and overweight (ISO-BMI ≥ 25) at 5.5 years of age, and if there were sex-specific effects. METHODS A total of 1,105 mother-child pairs with complete data on prenatal EDCs concentrations (e.g., phthalates, non-phthalate plasticizers, phenols, PAH, pesticides, PFAS, organochlorine pesticides, and PCBs), children's measured height and weight, and selected covariates in the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal, Mother and child, Asthma and allergy (SELMA) study were included in this analysis. The mixture effect of EDCs with children's BMI and overweight was assessed using WQS regression with 100 repeated holdouts. A positively associated WQS index with higher BMI and odds of overweight was derived. Models with interaction term and stratified weights by sex was applied in order to evaluate sex-specific associations. RESULTS A significant WQS*sex interaction term was identified and associations for boys and girls were in opposite directions. Higher prenatal exposure to a mixture of EDCs was associated with lower BMI (Mean β = -0.19, 95%CI: -0.40, 0.01) and lower odds of overweight (Mean OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.48, 1.04) among girls with borderline significance. However, the association among boys did not reach statistical significance. Among girls, the possible chemicals of concern were MEP, 2-OHPH, BPF, BPS, DPP and PFNA. CONCLUSION Prenatal exposure to a mixture of EDCs was associated with lower BMI and overweight among girls, and non-significant associations among boys. Chemicals of concern for girls included phthalates, non-phthalate plasticizers, bisphenols, PAHs, and PFAS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sverre Wikström
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden; Centre for Clinical Research and Education, County Council of Värmland, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Carl-Gustaf Bornehag
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden; Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Stevens DR, Starling AP, Bommarito PA, Keil AP, Nakiwala D, Calafat AM, Adgate JL, Dabelea D, Ferguson KK. Midpregnancy Phthalate and Phenol Biomarkers in Relation to Infant Body Composition: The Healthy Start Prospective Cohort. Environ Health Perspect 2023; 131:87017. [PMID: 37616158 PMCID: PMC10449008 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational phthalate and phenol exposure disrupts adipogenesis, contributing to obesity in mice. Whether gestational phthalate or phenol exposure is associated with infant body composition has not been investigated in humans. OBJECTIVE We examined associations between biomarkers of phthalate and phenol exposure in midpregnancy and infant size and body composition at birth and at 5 months of age. METHODS Analyses were conducted among 438 infants from the Healthy Start prospective pregnancy cohort. Sixteen phthalate and phenol biomarkers were quantified in spot urine samples collected at 24-28 wk of gestation. Infant outcomes measured at birth and at 5 months of age included size [weight (in grams)] and body composition [fat and lean masses (in grams); percentage fat mass]. Single- (linear) and multipollutant (quantile g-computation) models were used to estimate associations of phthalate and phenol biomarkers with infant outcomes at birth and at 5 months of age. Models were adjusted for sociodemographics, sample collection timing, and lifestyle factors and used to examine for effect modification by infant sex. RESULTS In single-pollutant models, mono-benzyl phthalate and di-n -butyl phthalate were inversely associated with percentage fat mass [β : - 0.49 (95% CI: - 0.91 , - 0.08 ) and - 0.51 (95% CI: - 1.02 , 0.01), respectively] in male but not female infants at birth. Similar, but less precise, associations were observed at 5 months of age. In multipollutant models, a 1-quartile increase in the phthalate and phenol biomarker mixture was inversely associated with percentage fat mass at birth [- 1.06 (95% CI: - 2.21 , 0.1)] and at 5 months of age [- 2.14 (95% CI: - 3.88 , - 0.39 )] among males, but associations were null among females [0.48 (95% CI: - 0.78 , 1.75) and - 0.64 (95% CI: - 2.68 , 1.41), respectively]. Similar associations were observed with infant weight. CONCLUSION In this U.S.-based prospective cohort, gestational phthalate and phenol biomarkers were inversely associated with infant weight and fat mass, particularly in males. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12500.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle R. Stevens
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anne P. Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paige A. Bommarito
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander P. Keil
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dorothy Nakiwala
- Center for Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Antonia M. Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John L. Adgate
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Public Health Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Center for Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kelly K. Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Herrera E, Ortega-Senovilla H. Dietary Implications of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids during Pregnancy and in Neonates. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1656. [PMID: 37629513 PMCID: PMC10455977 DOI: 10.3390/life13081656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain limitations exist for animals to modify fatty acid changes. Besides the role of arachidonic acid (AA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and other 20-carbon long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) for the synthesis of inflammatory mediators as eicosanoids, different LCPUFAs have many other effects, including their abilities to regulate gene expression and downstream events. LCPUFAs are susceptible to autoxidation, which is prevented by the action of antioxidants in the form of enzymes like superoxide dismutases, catalases and peroxidases, as well as antioxidant compounds that protect against oxidation or repair the damage caused. Under normal conditions, the fetus needs both essential fatty acids (EFAs) and LCPUFAs, which are obtained from its mother by placental transfer. In early pregnancy, dietary derived fatty acids are accumulated in maternal adipose tissue. However, during late pregnancy, corresponding to the period of the highest fetal growth, maternal adipose tissue becomes catabolic and LCPUFAs are released into the circulation by adipose lipolytic activity. The released LCPUFAs are taken up by maternal liver to be esterified and released back to the circulation as triacylglycerides (TAGs) in very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) that become available to the placenta to be transferred to the fetus in the form of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs). An enhanced adipose tissue lipolysis is maintained around parturition and esterified LCPUFAs are diverted to mammary glands thanks to an increased activity of lipoprotein lipase for milk production. Throughout this process, LCPUFAs become available to the newborn during suckling. The important role of both DHA and AA for the development of the nervous system and for growth has motivated their dietary supplement during different postnatal stages. This has been especially important in preterm infants both because under normal conditions, the fetus acquires most of these fatty acids during late pregnancy, and because the immaturity of the enzyme systems for the synthesis of AA and DHA from their respective EFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Herrera
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660 Madrid, Spain
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Konadu B, Cox CK, Garrett MR, Gibert Y. Excess glucose or fat differentially affects metabolism and appetite-related gene expression during zebrafish embryogenesis. iScience 2023; 26:107063. [PMID: 37534154 PMCID: PMC10391732 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish embryos use their yolk sac reserve as the sole nutrient source during embryogenesis. The two main forms of energy fuel can be found in the form of glucose or fat. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to glucose or injected with free fatty acid/Triacylglycerol (FFA/TAG) into the yolk sac at 24 hpf. At 72 hpf, glucose exposed or FFA/TAG injected had differential effects on gene expression in embryos, with fat activating lipolysis and β-oxidation and glucose activating the insulin pathway. Bulk RNA-seq revealed that more gene expression was affected by glucose exposure compared to FFA/TAGs injection. Appetite-controlling genes were also differently affected by glucose exposure or FFA/TAG injections. Because the embryo did not yet feed itself at the time of our analysis, gene expression changes occurred in absence of actual hunger and revealed how the embryo manages its nutrient intake before active feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Konadu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Carol K. Cox
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Michael R. Garrett
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Yann Gibert
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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van Poppel MNM, Damm P, Mathiesen ER, Ringholm L, Zhang C, Desoye G. Is the Biphasic Effect of Diabetes and Obesity on Fetal Growth a Risk Factor for Childhood Obesity? Diabetes Care 2023; 46:1124-1131. [PMID: 37220261 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-2409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In pregnancies of women with obesity or diabetes, neonates are often overgrown. Thus, the pregnancy period in these women offers a window of opportunity to reduce childhood obesity by preventing neonatal overgrowth. However, the focus has been almost exclusively on growth in late pregnancy. This perspective article addresses possible growth deviations earlier in pregnancy and their potential contribution to neonatal overgrowth. This narrative review focuses on six large-scale, longitudinal studies that included ∼14,400 pregnant women with at least three measurements of fetal growth. A biphasic pattern in growth deviation, including growth reduction in early pregnancy followed by overgrowth in late pregnancy, was found in fetuses of women with obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), or type 1 diabetes compared with lean women and those with normal glucose tolerance. Fetuses of women with these conditions have reduced abdominal circumference (AC) and head circumference (HC) in early pregnancy (observed between 14 and 16 gestational weeks), while later in pregnancy they present the overgrown phenotype with larger AC and HC (from approximately 30 gestational weeks onwards). Fetuses with early-pregnancy growth reduction who end up overgrown presumably have undergone in utero catch-up growth. Similar to postnatal catch-up growth, this may confer a higher risk of obesity in later life. Potential long-term health consequences of early fetal growth reduction followed by in utero catch-up growth need to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Damm
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth R Mathiesen
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Ringholm
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- Global Center for Asian Women's Health and Asia Center for Reproductive Longevity and Equality, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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Duan J, Huang Z, Nice EC, Xie N, Chen M, Huang C. Current advancements and future perspectives of long noncoding RNAs in lipid metabolism and signaling. J Adv Res 2023; 48:105-123. [PMID: 35973552 PMCID: PMC10248733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The investigation of lncRNAs has provided a novel perspective for elucidating mechanisms underlying diverse physiological and pathological processes. Compelling evidence has revealed an intrinsic link between lncRNAs and lipid metabolism, demonstrating that lncRNAs-induced disruption of lipid metabolism and signaling contribute to the development of multiple cancers and some other diseases, including obesity, fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. AIMOF REVIEW The current review summarizes the recent advances in basic research about lipid metabolism and lipid signaling-related lncRNAs. Meanwhile, the potential and challenges of targeting lncRNA for the therapy of cancers and other lipid metabolism-related diseases are also discussed. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPT OF REVIEW Compared with the substantial number of lncRNA loci, we still know little about the role of lncRNAs in metabolism. A more comprehensive understanding of the function and mechanism of lncRNAs may provide a new standpoint for the study of lipid metabolism and signaling. Developing lncRNA-based therapeutic approaches is an effective strategy for lipid metabolism-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiufei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China.
| | - Mingqing Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 430079 Wuhan, China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China.
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Puche-Juarez M, Toledano JM, Ochoa JJ, Diaz-Castro J, Moreno-Fernandez J. Influence of Adipose Tissue on Early Metabolic Programming: Conditioning Factors and Early Screening. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091510. [PMID: 37174902 PMCID: PMC10177621 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and being overweight have become one of the world's most severe health issues, not only because of the pathology but also because of the development of related comorbidities. Even when children reach adulthood, the mother's environment during pregnancy has been found to have a significant impact on obesity prevention in children. Thus, both maternal dietary habits and other factors such as gestational diabetes mellitus, excessive weight gain during pregnancy, smoking, or endocrine factors, among others, could influence newborn growth, adiposity, and body composition at birth, in childhood and adolescence, hence programming health in adulthood. METHODS The aim of this review is to analyze the most recent human studies on the programming of fetal adipose tissue to determine which modifiable factors may influence adiposity and thus prevent specific disorders later in life by means of a bibliographic review of articles related to the subject over the last ten years. CONCLUSIONS The importance of a healthy diet and lifestyle not only during pregnancy and the first months of life but also throughout childhood, especially during the first two years of life as this is a period of great plasticity, where the foundations for optimal health in later life will be laid, preventing the emergence of noncommunicable diseases including obesity, diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension, being overweight, and any other pathology linked to metabolic syndrome, which is so prevalent today, through health programs beginning at a young age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Puche-Juarez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M Toledano
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Julio J Ochoa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Diaz-Castro
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
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21
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Huhtala M, Rönnemaa T, Tertti K. Insulin Resistance Is Associated with an Unfavorable Serum Lipoprotein Lipid Profile in Women with Newly Diagnosed Gestational Diabetes. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030470. [PMID: 36979405 PMCID: PMC10046655 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes (GDM) is associated with various degrees of insulin resistance—a feature related to increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. We aimed to determine the previously poorly investigated associations between maternal insulin resistance and serum fasting metabolome at the time of GDM diagnosis. Methods: Serum lipoprotein and amino acid profile was analyzed in 300 subjects with newly diagnosed GDM using a validated nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy protocol. Associations between insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA2-IR) and serum metabolites were examined with linear regression. Results: We found insulin resistance to be associated with a distinct lipid pattern: increased concentration of VLDL triglycerides and phospholipids and total triglycerides. VLDL size was positively related and LDL and HDL sizes were inversely related to insulin resistance. Of fatty acids, increased total fatty acids, relative increase in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, and relative decrease in polyunsaturated and omega fatty acids were related to maternal insulin resistance. Conclusions: In newly diagnosed GDM, the association between maternal insulin resistance and serum lipoprotein profile was largely as described in type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle interventions aiming to decrease insulin resistance from early pregnancy could benefit pregnancy outcomes via more advantageous lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Huhtala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-294505000
| | - Tapani Rönnemaa
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Kristiina Tertti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
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22
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Scheidl TB, Brightwell AL, Easson SH, Thompson JA. Maternal obesity and programming of metabolic syndrome in the offspring: searching for mechanisms in the adipocyte progenitor pool. BMC Med 2023; 21:50. [PMID: 36782211 PMCID: PMC9924890 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is now understood that it is the quality rather than the absolute amount of adipose tissue that confers risk for obesity-associated disease. Adipose-derived stem cells give rise to adipocytes during the developmental establishment of adipose depots. In adult depots, a reservoir of progenitors serves to replace adipocytes that have reached their lifespan and for recruitment to increase lipid buffering capacity under conditions of positive energy balance. MAIN: The adipose tissue expandability hypothesis posits that a failure in de novo differentiation of adipocytes limits lipid storage capacity and leads to spillover of lipids into the circulation, precipitating the onset of obesity-associated disease. Since adipose progenitors are specified to their fate during late fetal life, perturbations in the intrauterine environment may influence the rapid expansion of adipose depots that occurs in childhood or progenitor function in established adult depots. Neonates born to mothers with obesity or diabetes during pregnancy tend to have excessive adiposity at birth and are at increased risk for childhood adiposity and cardiometabolic disease. CONCLUSION In this narrative review, we synthesize current knowledge in the fields of obesity and developmental biology together with literature from the field of the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) to put forth the hypothesis that the intrauterine milieu of pregnancies complicated by maternal metabolic disease disturbs adipogenesis in the fetus, thereby accelerating the trajectory of adipose expansion in early postnatal life and predisposing to impaired adipose plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor B Scheidl
- Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, Canada.,University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Amy L Brightwell
- University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sarah H Easson
- Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada.,University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Thompson
- Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada. .,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada. .,Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, Canada. .,University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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23
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Øyri LKL, Christensen JJ, Sebert S, Thoresen M, Michelsen TM, Ulven SM, Brekke HK, Retterstøl K, Brantsæter AL, Magnus P, Bogsrud MP, Holven KB. Maternal prenatal cholesterol levels predict offspring weight trajectories during childhood in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. BMC Med 2023; 21:43. [PMID: 36747215 PMCID: PMC9903496 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous intrauterine factors may affect the offspring's growth during childhood. We aimed to explore if maternal and paternal prenatal lipid, apolipoprotein (apo)B and apoA1 levels are associated with offspring weight, length, and body mass index from 6 weeks to eight years of age. This has previously been studied to a limited extent. METHODS This parental negative control study is based on the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study and uses data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. We included 713 mothers and fathers with or without self-reported hypercholesterolemia and their offspring. Seven parental metabolites were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and offspring weight and length were measured at 12 time points. Data were analyzed by linear spline mixed models, and the results are presented as the interaction between parental metabolite levels and offspring spline (age). RESULTS Higher maternal total cholesterol (TC) level was associated with a larger increase in offspring body weight up to 8 years of age (0.03 ≤ Pinteraction ≤ 0.04). Paternal TC level was not associated with change in offspring body weight (0.17 ≤ Pinteraction ≤ 0.25). Higher maternal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apoA1 levels were associated with a lower increase in offspring body weight up to 8 years of age (0.001 ≤ Pinteraction ≤ 0.005). Higher paternal HDL-C and apoA1 levels were associated with a lower increase in offspring body weight up to 5 years of age but a larger increase in offspring body weight from 5 to 8 years of age (0.01 ≤ Pinteraction ≤ 0.03). Parental metabolites were not associated with change in offspring height or body mass index up to 8 years of age (0.07 ≤ Pinteraction ≤ 0.99). CONCLUSIONS Maternal compared to paternal TC, HDL-C, and apoA1 levels were more strongly and consistently associated with offspring body weight during childhood, supporting a direct intrauterine effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn K L Øyri
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jacob J Christensen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, PO Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Magne Thoresen
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1122, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond M Michelsen
- Department of Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4956, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1171, Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stine M Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde K Brekke
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Retterstøl
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.,The Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Aker, PO Box 4959, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Lise Brantsæter
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, 0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Magnus
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, 0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin P Bogsrud
- Unit for Cardiac and Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, PO Box 4956, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten B Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway. .,Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Aker, PO Box 4959, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
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24
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Delmis J, Oreskovic S, Elvedji Gasparovic V, Starcevic M, Herman M, Dessardo N, Starcevic V, Ivanisevic M. Relationship of Glucose, C-peptide, Leptin, and BDNF in Maternal and Umbilical Vein Blood in Type-1 Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030600. [PMID: 36771307 PMCID: PMC9919383 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the relationship between glucose, C-peptide, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and leptin between mother and fetus and neonatal weight. METHODS In the prospective observational cohort study, we included 66 women with type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). According to the z-score for neonatal weight, patients were divided into healthy-weight neonates (n = 42) and overweight neonates (n = 24). The maternal blood samples were taken during pregnancy and cesarean section when the umbilical vein blood sample was also withdrawn. The maternal vein sera were analyzed for fasting glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, BDNF, TSH, FT3, and FT4. The umbilical vein sera were analyzed for glucose, C-peptide, leptin, TSH, thyroid-stimulating protein (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and BDNF concentration. The neonatologist measured the skinfold thickness on the third day of neonatal life. RESULTS A strong correlation was confirmed between maternal and umbilical vein glucose concentration and maternal glucose and C-peptide in umbilical vein blood. A negative correlation was found between the concentration of BDNF in the umbilical vein and glucose in maternal blood. A strong correlation was seen between BMI and maternal blood leptin concentration, neonatal fat body mass, and umbilical vein blood leptin concentration. Higher BMI elevated BDNF, and TSH increase the odds for overweight neonates in the first trimester of pregnancy. Maternal higher leptin concentration in the first trimester decrease the odds of overweight neonates. CONCLUSIONS Maternal glucose concentrations affect the fetus's glucose, C-peptide, and BDNF concentrations. Leptin levels increase in maternal blood due to increased body mass index, and in the neonate, fat body mass is responsible for increased leptin concentrations.
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25
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Roque-Jiménez JA, Oviedo-Ojeda MF, Whalin M, Lee-Rangel HA, Relling AE. Ewe early gestation supplementation with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids affects the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue fatty acid profile and liver mRNA expression in the offspring. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad144. [PMID: 37158288 PMCID: PMC10263116 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Our objectives were to assess the effects of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) supplementation to pregnant ewes during the first third of gestation on their offspring's liver, adipose, and muscle tissues fatty acid (FA) profile and liver mRNA expression after a finishing period receiving diets with different FA profiles. Twenty-four post-weaning lambs, blocked by sex and body weight, were used in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The first factor was dam supplementation (DS) in the first third of gestation with 1.61% of Ca salts of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) or Ca salts enriched with EPA-DHA. Ewes were exposed to rams with marking paint harnesses during the breeding. Ewes started DS at the day of mating, considered day 1 of conception. Twenty-eight days after mating, ultrasonography was used to confirm pregnancy, and nonpregnant ewes were removed from the groups. After weaning, the offspring lambs were supplemented (LS, second main factor) with two different FA sources (1.48% of PFAD or 1.48% of EPA-DHA) during the growing and fattening phase. Lambs were fed the LS diet for 56 d and sent to slaughter, where the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue samples were collected for FA analysis. Liver samples were collected for relative mRNA expression for genes associated with FA transport and metabolism. The data were analyzed as a mixed model in SAS (9.4). In the liver, the amount of C20:5 and C22:6 (P < 0.01) increased in lambs with LS-EPA-DHA, while some C18:1 cis FA isomers were greater in the lambs from DS-PFAD. In muscle, amounts of C22:1, C20:5, and C22:5 increased (P < 0.05) in lambs born from DS-EPA-DHA. The adipose tissue amounts of C20:5, C22:5, and C22:6 were greater (P < 0.01) in lambs from LS-EPA-DHA. Interactions (DS × LS; P < 0.05) were observed for DNMT3β, FABP-1, FABP-5, SCD, and SREBP-1; having greater mRNA expression in liver tissue of LS-EPA-DHA, DS-PFAD and LS-PFAD, DS-EPA-DHA lambs compared with the lambs in the other two treatments. Liver ELOVL2 mRNA relative expression (P < 0.03) was greater in the offspring of DS-PFAD. Relative mRNA expression (P < 0.05) of GLUT1, IGF-1, LPL, and PPARγ increased in the liver from LS-EPA-DHA lambs. Dam supplementation during early gestation using with different FA sources changed the lipid FA profile in MT, LT, and SAT during the finishing period depending on the tissue and type of FA source administered during the growing phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Roque-Jiménez
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, San Luis Potosí 78175, México
| | - Mario F Oviedo-Ojeda
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, San Luis Potosí 78175, México
| | - Megan Whalin
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Héctor A Lee-Rangel
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, San Luis Potosí 78175, México
| | - Alejandro E Relling
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster, OH 44691, USA
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26
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Desoye G, Ringholm L, Damm P, Mathiesen ER, van Poppel MNM. Secular trend for increasing birthweight in offspring of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes: is improved placentation the reason? Diabetologia 2023; 66:33-43. [PMID: 36287249 PMCID: PMC9607824 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05820-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite enormous progress in managing blood glucose levels, pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes still carries risks for the growing fetus. While, previously, fetal undergrowth was not uncommon in these women, with improved maternal glycaemic control we now see an increased prevalence of fetal overgrowth. Besides short-term implications, offspring of women with type 1 diabetes are more likely to become obese and to develop diabetes and features of the metabolic syndrome. Here, we argue that the increase in birthweight is paradoxically related to improved glycaemic control in the pre- and periconceptional periods. Good glycaemic control reduces the prevalence of microangiopathy and improves placentation in early pregnancy, which may lead to unimpeded fetal nutrition. Even mild maternal hyperglycaemia may then later result in fetal overnutrition. This notion is supported by circumstantial evidence that lower HbA1c levels as well as increases in markers of placental size and function in early pregnancy are associated with large-for-gestational age neonates. We also emphasise that neonates with normal birthweight can have excessive fat deposition. This may occur when poor placentation leads to initial fetal undergrowth, followed by fetal overnutrition due to maternal hyperglycaemia. Thus, the complex interaction of glucose levels during different periods of pregnancy ultimately determines the risk of adiposity, which can occur in fetuses with both normal and elevated birthweight. Prevention of fetal adiposity calls for revised goal setting to enable pregnant women to maintain blood glucose levels that are closer to normal. This could be supported by continuous glucose monitoring throughout pregnancy and appropriate maternal gestational weight gain. Future research should consider the measurement of adiposity in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lene Ringholm
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Damm
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth R Mathiesen
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Nayeem MA, Geldenhuys WJ, Hanif A. Role of cytochrome P450-epoxygenase and soluble epoxide hydrolase in the regulation of vascular response. Advances in Pharmacology 2023; 97:37-131. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Nayeem MA, Hanif A, Geldenhuys WJ, Agba S. Crosstalk between adenosine receptors and CYP450-derived oxylipins in the modulation of cardiovascular, including coronary reactive hyperemic response. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 240:108213. [PMID: 35597366 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is a ubiquitous endogenous nucleoside or autacoid that affects the cardiovascular system through the activation of four G-protein coupled receptors: adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR), adenosine A2A receptor (A2AAR), adenosine A2B receptor (A2BAR), and adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR). With the rapid generation of this nucleoside from cellular metabolism and the widespread distribution of its four G-protein coupled receptors in almost all organs and tissues of the body, this autacoid induces multiple physiological as well as pathological effects, not only regulating the cardiovascular system but also the central nervous system, peripheral vascular system, and immune system. Mounting evidence shows the role of CYP450-enzymes in cardiovascular physiology and pathology, and the genetic polymorphisms in CYP450s can increase susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). One of the most important physiological roles of CYP450-epoxygenases (CYP450-2C & CYP2J2) is the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid (LA) into epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and epoxyoctadecaenoic acid (EpOMEs) which generally involve in vasodilation. Like an increase in coronary reactive hyperemia (CRH), an increase in anti-inflammation, and cardioprotective effects. Moreover, the genetic polymorphisms in CYP450-epoxygenases will change the beneficial cardiovascular effects of metabolites or oxylipins into detrimental effects. The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is another crucial enzyme ubiquitously expressed in all living organisms and almost all organs and tissues. However, in contrast to CYP450-epoxygenases, sEH converts EETs into dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHETs), EpOMEs into dihydroxyoctadecaenoic acid (DiHOMEs), and others and reverses the beneficial effects of epoxy-fatty acids leading to vasoconstriction, reducing CRH, increase in pro-inflammation, increase in pro-thrombotic and become less cardioprotective. Therefore, polymorphisms in the sEH gene (Ephx2) cause the enzyme to become overactive, making it more vulnerable to CVDs, including hypertension. Besides the sEH, ω-hydroxylases (CYP450-4A11 & CYP450-4F2) derived metabolites from AA, ω terminal-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (19-, 20-HETE), lipoxygenase-derived mid-chain hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5-, 11-, 12-, 15-HETEs), and the cyclooxygenase-derived prostanoids (prostaglandins: PGD2, PGF2α; thromboxane: Txs, oxylipins) are involved in vasoconstriction, hypertension, reduction in CRH, pro-inflammation and cardiac toxicity. Interestingly, the interactions of adenosine receptors (A2AAR, A1AR) with CYP450-epoxygenases, ω-hydroxylases, sEH, and their derived metabolites or oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs or oxylipins) is shown in the regulation of the cardiovascular functions. In addition, much evidence demonstrates polymorphisms in CYP450-epoxygenases, ω-hydroxylases, and sEH genes (Ephx2) and adenosine receptor genes (ADORA1 & ADORA2) in the human population with the susceptibility to CVDs, including hypertension. CVDs are the number one cause of death globally, coronary artery disease (CAD) was the leading cause of death in the US in 2019, and hypertension is one of the most potent causes of CVDs. This review summarizes the articles related to the crosstalk between adenosine receptors and CYP450-derived oxylipins in vascular, including the CRH response in regular salt-diet fed and high salt-diet fed mice with the correlation of heart perfusate/plasma oxylipins. By using A2AAR-/-, A1AR-/-, eNOS-/-, sEH-/- or Ephx2-/-, vascular sEH-overexpressed (Tie2-sEH Tr), vascular CYP2J2-overexpressed (Tie2-CYP2J2 Tr), and wild-type (WT) mice. This review article also summarizes the role of pro-and anti-inflammatory oxylipins in cardiovascular function/dysfunction in mice and humans. Therefore, more studies are needed better to understand the crosstalk between the adenosine receptors and eicosanoids to develop diagnostic and therapeutic tools by using plasma oxylipins profiles in CVDs, including hypertensive cases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Nayeem
- Faculties of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
| | - Ahmad Hanif
- Faculties of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Werner J Geldenhuys
- Faculties of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stephanie Agba
- Graduate student, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Cechinel LR, Batabyal RA, Freishtat RJ, Zohn IE. Parental obesity-induced changes in developmental programming. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:918080. [PMID: 36274855 PMCID: PMC9585252 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.918080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies support the link between parental obesity and the predisposition to develop adult-onset metabolic syndromes that include obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes in the offspring. As the prevalence of obesity increases in persons of childbearing age, so does metabolic syndrome in their descendants. Understanding how parental obesity alters metabolic programs in the progeny, predisposing them to adult-onset metabolic syndrome, is key to breaking this cycle. This review explores the basis for altered metabolism of offspring exposed to overnutrition by focusing on critical developmental processes influenced by parental obesity. We draw from human and animal model studies, highlighting the adaptations in metabolism that occur during normal pregnancy that become maladaptive with obesity. We describe essential phases of development impacted by parental obesity that contribute to long-term alterations in metabolism in the offspring. These encompass gamete formation, placentation, adipogenesis, pancreas development, and development of brain appetite control circuits. Parental obesity alters the developmental programming of these organs in part by inducing epigenetic changes with long-term consequences on metabolism. While exposure to parental obesity during any of these phases is sufficient to alter long-term metabolism, offspring often experience multiple exposures throughout their development. These insults accumulate to increase further the susceptibility of the offspring to the obesogenic environments of modern society.
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Desoye G, Carter AM. Fetoplacental oxygen homeostasis in pregnancies with maternal diabetes mellitus and obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:593-607. [PMID: 35902735 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00717-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite improvements in clinical management, pregnancies complicated by pre-existing diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes mellitus or obesity carry substantial risks for parent and offspring. Some of the endocrine and metabolic changes in parent and fetus in diabetes mellitus and obesity lead to fetal oxygen deficit, mostly due to insulin-induced accelerated fetal metabolism. The human fetus deals with reduced oxygenation through a wide range of adaptive responses that act at various levels in the placenta as well as the fetus. These responses ensure adequate oxygen delivery to the fetus, increase the oxygen transport capacity of fetal blood and redistribute oxygen-rich blood to vital organs such as the brain and heart. The liver has a central role in adapting to reduced oxygenation by increasing its oxygen extraction and stimulating erythropoietin synthesis to increase haematocrit. The type of adaptive response depends on the onset and duration of hypoxia and the severity of the metabolic disturbance. In pregnancies characterized by diabetes mellitus or obesity, these adaptive systems come under additional strain owing to the increased maternal supply of glucose and resultant fetal hyperinsulinaemia, both of which stimulate oxidative metabolism. In the rare situation that the adaptive responses are overwhelmed, stillbirth can ensue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anthony M Carter
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Casirati A, Somaschini A, Perrone M, Vandoni G, Sebastiani F, Montagna E, Somaschini M, Caccialanza R. Preterm birth and metabolic implications on later life: A narrative review focused on body composition. Front Nutr 2022; 9:978271. [PMID: 36185669 PMCID: PMC9521164 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.978271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm newborn infants are characterized by low body weight and lower fat mass at birth compared with full-term newborn neonates. Conversely, at term corrected age, body fat mass is more represented in preterm newborn infants, causing a predisposition to developing metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases in later life with a different risk profile in men as compared with women. Postnatal growth is a complex change in anthropometric parameters and body composition. Both quantity and quality of growth are regulated by several factors such as fetal programming, early nutrition, and gut microbiota. Weight gain alone is not an optimal indicator of nutritional status as it does not accurately describe weight quality. The analysis of body composition represents a potentially useful tool to predict later metabolic and cardiovascular risk as it detects the quality of growth by differentiating between fat and lean mass. Longitudinal follow-up of preterm newborn infants could take advantage of body composition analysis in order to identify high-risk patients who apply early preventive strategies. This narrative review aimed to examine the state-of-the-art body composition among born preterm children, with a focus on those in the pre-school age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Casirati
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Amanda Casirati,
| | - Alberto Somaschini
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Savona, Italy
| | - Michela Perrone
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Vandoni
- Clinical Nutrition, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Sebastiani
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda USL IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Montagna
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Caccialanza
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Haq ZU, Saleem A, Khan AA, Dar MA, Ganaie AM, Beigh YA, Hamadani H, Ahmad SM. Nutrigenomics in livestock sector and its human-animal interface-a review. Vet Anim Sci 2022; 17:100262. [PMID: 35856004 PMCID: PMC9287789 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2022.100262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrigenomics unfolds the link between nutrition and gene expression for productivity.expression profile of intramuscular. Nutrigenomics helps scientists discover genes and DNA in each animal's cell or tissue by assisting them in selecting nutrients. It brings out the importance of micronutrition for increasing animal production. Nutrigenomics integrates nutrition, molecular biology, genomics, bioinformatics, molecular medicine, and epidemiology.
Noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, and cancer now outnumber all other health ailments in humans globally due to abrupt changes in lifestyle following the industrial revolution. The industrial revolution has also intensified livestock farming, resulting in an increased demand for productivity and stressed animals. The livestock industry faces significant challenges from a projected sharp increase in global food and high animal protein demand. Nutrition genomics holds great promise for the future as its advances have opened up a whole new world of disease understanding and prevention. Nutrigenomics is the study of the interactions between genes and diet. It investigates molecular relationships between nutrients and genes to identify how even minor modifications could potentially alter animal and human health/performance by using techniques like proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics. Dietary modifications mostly studied in livestock focus mainly on health and production traits through protein, fat, mineral, and vitamin supplementation changes. Nutrigenomics meticulously selects nutrients for fine-tuning the expression of genes that match animal/human genotypes for better health, productivity, and the environment. As a step forward, nutrigenomics integrates nutrition, molecular biology, genomics, bioinformatics, molecular medicine, and epidemiology to better understand the role of food as an epigenetic factor in the occurrence of these diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts, latest advances, and studies in the field of nutrigenomics, emphasizing the interaction of diet with gene expression, and how it relates to human and animal health along with its human-animal interphase.
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Tran NT, Kowalski GM, Muccini AM, Nitsos I, Hale N, Snow RJ, Walker DW, Ellery SJ. Creatine supplementation reduces the cerebral oxidative and metabolic stress responses to acute in utero hypoxia in the late-gestation fetal sheep. J Physiol 2022; 600:3193-3210. [PMID: 35587817 PMCID: PMC9542404 DOI: 10.1113/jp282840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Prophylactic creatine treatment may reduce hypoxic brain injury due to its ability to sustain intracellular ATP levels thereby reducing oxidative and metabolic stress responses during oxygen deprivation. Using microdialysis, we investigated the real‐time in vivo effects of fetal creatine supplementation on cerebral metabolism following acute in utero hypoxia caused by umbilical cord occlusion (UCO). Fetal sheep (118 days’ gestational age (dGA)) were implanted with an inflatable Silastic cuff around the umbilical cord and a microdialysis probe inserted into the right cerebral hemisphere for interstitial fluid sampling. Creatine (6 mg kg−1 h−1) or saline was continuously infused intravenously from 122 dGA. At 131 dGA, a 10 min UCO was induced. Hourly microdialysis samples were obtained from −24 to 72 h post‐UCO and analysed for percentage change of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and interstitial metabolites (lactate, pyruvate, glutamate, glycerol, glycine). Histochemical markers of protein and lipid oxidation were assessed at post‐mortem 72 h post‐UCO. Prior to UCO, creatine treatment reduced pyruvate and glycerol concentrations in the microdialysate outflow. Creatine treatment reduced interstitial cerebral •OH outflow 0 to 24 h post‐UCO. Fetuses with higher arterial creatine concentrations before UCO presented with reduced levels of hypoxaemia (PO2 and SO2) during UCO which associated with reduced interstitial cerebral pyruvate, lactate and •OH accumulation. No effects of creatine treatment on immunohistochemical markers of oxidative stress were found. In conclusion, fetal creatine treatment decreased cerebral outflow of •OH and was associated with an improvement in cerebral bioenergetics following acute hypoxia.
![]() Key points Fetal hypoxia can cause persistent metabolic and oxidative stress responses that disturb energy homeostasis in the brain. Creatine in its phosphorylated form is an endogenous phosphagen; therefore, supplementation is a proposed prophylactic treatment for fetal hypoxia. Fetal sheep instrumented with a cerebral microdialysis probe were continuously infused with or without creatine‐monohydrate for 10 days before induction of 10 min umbilical cord occlusion (UCO; 131 days’ gestation). Cerebral interstitial fluid was collected up to 72 h following UCO. Prior to UCO, fetal creatine supplementation reduced interstitial cerebral pyruvate and glycerol concentrations. Fetal creatine supplementation reduced cerebral hydroxyl radical efflux up to 24 h post‐UCO. Fetuses with higher arterial creatine concentrations before UCO and reduced levels of systemic hypoxaemia during UCO were associated with reduced cerebral interstitial pyruvate, lactate and •OH following UCO. Creatine supplementation leads to some improvements in cerebral bioenergetics following in utero acute hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhi Thao Tran
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Greg M Kowalski
- Institute for Physical Activity & Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna M Muccini
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Genetic Research Services, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ilias Nitsos
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nadia Hale
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rod J Snow
- Institute for Physical Activity & Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Walker
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stacey J Ellery
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Ortega-Senovilla H, Schaefer-Graf U, Herrera E. Foetal hyperinsulinaemia and increased fat mass correlate negatively with circulating fatty acid concentrations in neonates of gestational diabetic mothers with dietary-controlled glycaemia. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12860. [PMID: 34647431 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Higher accretion of prenatal fat is associated with a higher proportion of obesity in children. However, most of the data on regulatory factors involved in fetal adipogenesis come from animal studies; in humans there is no evidence on how fetal insulin affects fatty acid concentrations and fetal adiposity. OBJECTIVE We evaluate the relationship between fetal adipose tissue accretion with insulin and fetal consumption of circulating fatty acid (FA). METHODS In fasting maternal blood at term and cord samples, from 41 gestational diabetes mellitus women (GDM) and 68 non-diabetic controls, serum compounds were determined. Individual FA were analyzed and expressed as concentrations of FA (mmol/L). RESULTS Both groups had similar maternal serum glucose, insulin, triacylglycerol (TAG), non-esterified FA (NEFA), glycerol and leptin concentrations, but most individual maternal serum FA were lower in GDM than controls. Neonatal fat mass (FM) was higher in the GDM group even though neonatal birth weights were similar. In GDM cord serum glucose, insulin, NEFA and leptin were higher than controls, but glycerol and all individual FA were lower. In GDM neonates only, a negative correlation was found between each FA and FM, and there was a strong negative correlation between the concentrations of umbilical blood insulin and five major FA. CONCLUSION Our results show for the first time that hyperinsulinemia in fetuses of GDM women increases FA utilization, which may contribute to to their increased adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henar Ortega-Senovilla
- Faculties of Pharmacy and Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU-Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ute Schaefer-Graf
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Joseph 's Hospital Center for Diabetes in Pregnancy.,Dept. of Obstetrics, Charité, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emilio Herrera
- Faculties of Pharmacy and Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU-Universities, Madrid, Spain
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Dimas A, Politi A, Papaioannou G, Barber TM, Weickert MO, Grammatopoulos DK, Kumar S, Kalantaridou S, Valsamakis G. The Gestational Effects of Maternal Appetite Axis Molecules on Fetal Growth, Metabolism and Long-Term Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020695. [PMID: 35054881 PMCID: PMC8776066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased maternal food intake is considered a normal pregnancy adjustment. However, the overavailability of nutrients may lead to dysregulated fetal development and increased adiposity, with long-lasting effects on offspring in later life. Several gut-hormone molecules regulate maternal appetite, with both their orexigenic and anorectic effects being in a state of sensitive equilibrium. The aim of this manuscript is to systematically review literature on the effects of maternal gut-hormone molecules on fetal growth and metabolism, birth weight and the later metabolic health of offspring. Maternal serum ghrelin, leptin, IGF-1 and GLP-1 appear to influence fetal growth; however, a lack of consistent and strong correlations of maternal appetite axis hormones with birth weight and the concomitant correlation with fetal and birth waist circumference may suggest that these molecules primarily mediate fetal energy deposition mechanisms, preparing the fetus for survival after birth. Dysregulated intrauterine environments seem to have detrimental, sex-dependent effects on fetal energy stores, affecting not only fetal growth, fat mass deposition and birth weight, but also future metabolic and endocrine wellbeing of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Dimas
- 3rd University Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of Athens, Ethnikon and Kapodistriakon University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (G.P.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anastasia Politi
- Nephrology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchos Ave., 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - George Papaioannou
- 3rd University Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of Athens, Ethnikon and Kapodistriakon University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (G.P.); (S.K.)
| | - Thomas M. Barber
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (T.M.B.); (M.O.W.); (S.K.)
| | - Martin O. Weickert
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (T.M.B.); (M.O.W.); (S.K.)
| | - Dimitris K. Grammatopoulos
- Institute of Precision Diagnostics and Translational Medicine, Pathology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire (UHCW) NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (D.K.G.); (G.V.)
| | - Sudhesh Kumar
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (T.M.B.); (M.O.W.); (S.K.)
| | - Sophia Kalantaridou
- 3rd University Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of Athens, Ethnikon and Kapodistriakon University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (G.P.); (S.K.)
- Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, 3rd University Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Valsamakis
- Institute of Precision Diagnostics and Translational Medicine, Pathology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire (UHCW) NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (D.K.G.); (G.V.)
- 2nd University Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aretaieion University Hospital, Medical School of Athens, Ethnikon and Kapodistriakon University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
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Abstract
Adipose tissue is essential for energy storage and endocrine regulation of metabolism. Imbalance in energy intake and expenditure result in obesity causing adipose tissue dysfunction. This alters cellular composition of the stromal cell populations and their function. Moreover, the individual cellular composition of each adipose tissue depot, regulated by environmental factors and genetics, determines the ability of the depots to expand and maintain its endocrine and storage function. Thus, stromal cells modulate adipocyte function and vice versa. In this mini-review we discuss heterogeneity in terms of composition and fate of adipose progenitor subtypes and their interactions with and regulation by different immune cell populations. Immune cells are the most diverse cell populations in adipose tissue and play essential roles in regulating adipose tissue function via interaction with adipocytes but also with adipocyte progenitors. We specifically discuss the role of macrophages, mast cells, innate lymphoid cells and T cells in the regulation of adipocyte progenitor proliferation, differentiation and lineage commitment. Understanding the factors and cellular interactions regulating preadipocyte expansion and fate decision will allow the identification of novel mechanisms and therapeutic strategies to promote healthy adipose tissue expansion without systemic metabolic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Altun
- Research Group Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Xiaocheng Yan
- Research Group Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Siegfried Ussar
- Research Group Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Siegfried Ussar,
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Abstract
Hormones have an important role in regulating fetal metabolism in relation to the prevailing nutritional conditions both in late gestation and during the prepartum period as the fetus prepares for birth. In particular, the pancreatic, thyroid and adrenal hormones all affect fetal uptake and utilization of nutrients for oxidative metabolism, tissue accretion and fuel storage. These hormones also influence the fetal metabolic preparations for the nutritional transition from intra- to extra-uterine life. This review discusses the role of insulin, glucagon, thyroxine, tri-iodothyronine, cortisol and the catecholamines in these processes during normal intrauterine conditions and in response to maternal undernutrition with particular emphasis on the sheep fetus. It also considers the metabolic interactions between these hormones and their role in the maturation of key tissues, such as the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, in readiness for their new metabolic functions after birth. Endocrine regulation of fetal metabolism is shown to be multifactorial and dynamic with a central role in optimizing metabolic fitness for survival both in utero and at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail L Fowden
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
| | - Alison J Forhead
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK; Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
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Bandres-Meriz J, Majali-Martinez A, Hoch D, Morante M, Glasner A, van Poppel MNM, Desoye G, Herrera E. Maternal C-Peptide and Insulin Sensitivity, but Not BMI, Associate with Fatty Acids in the First Trimester of Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10422. [PMID: 34638763 PMCID: PMC8508886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity in pregnancy is a pro-inflammatory condition exposing the fetus to an adverse environment. Here, we tested associations of maternal obesity (primary exposures: BMI, leptin) and metabolic parameters (secondary exposures: glucose, C-peptide, and insulin sensitivity) with total serum concentrations of fatty acids in the first trimester of human pregnancy. This cross-sectional study included 123 non-smoking women with singleton pregnancy. In maternal serum, cotinine, leptin, and C-peptide (ELISA), glucose (hexokinase-based test) and fatty acids (gas chromatography) were quantified, and the insulin sensitivity index (ISHOMA) was calculated. Concentrations of fatty acid classes and total fatty acids did not differ between BMI or leptin categories. However, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were decreased in the category with the highest C-peptide concentration (n-3 PUFA: CI -35.82--6.28, p < 0.006) and in the lowest ISHOMA category (n-3 PUFA: CI -36.48--5.61, p < 0.008). In a subcohort, in which fetal sex was determined (RT-qPCR of placental tissue), C-peptide was significantly associated with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in mothers bearing a female (n = 46), but not male (n = 37) fetus. In conclusion, pregnant women with high fasting C-peptide and low ISHOMA had decreased n-3 PUFA, and DHA was lower with higher C-peptide only in mothers bearing a female fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bandres-Meriz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.M.-M.); (D.H.)
| | - Alejandro Majali-Martinez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.M.-M.); (D.H.)
| | - Denise Hoch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.M.-M.); (D.H.)
| | - Milagros Morante
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo CEU, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (E.H.)
| | | | | | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.M.-M.); (D.H.)
| | - Emilio Herrera
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo CEU, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (E.H.)
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Sweeting A, Mijatovic J, Brinkworth GD, Markovic TP, Ross GP, Brand-Miller J, Hernandez TL. The Carbohydrate Threshold in Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes: How Low Can We Go? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082599. [PMID: 34444759 PMCID: PMC8398846 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The original nutrition approach for the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was to reduce total carbohydrate intake to 33–40% of total energy (EI) to decrease fetal overgrowth. Conversely, accumulating evidence suggests that higher carbohydrate intakes (60–70% EI, higher quality carbohydrates with low glycemic index/low added sugars) can control maternal glycemia. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends ≥175 g/d of carbohydrate intake during pregnancy; however, many women are consuming lower carbohydrate (LC) diets (<175 g/d of carbohydrate or <40% of EI) within pregnancy and the periconceptual period aiming to improve glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes. This report systematically evaluates recent data (2018–2020) to identify the LC threshold in pregnancy in relation to safety considerations. Evidence from 11 reports suggests an optimal carbohydrate range of 47–70% EI supports normal fetal growth; higher than the conventionally recognized LC threshold. However, inadequate total maternal EI, which independently slows fetal growth was a frequent confounder across studies. Effects of a carbohydrate intake <175 g/d on maternal ketonemia and plasma triglyceride/free fatty acid concentrations remain unclear. A recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) suggests a higher risk for micronutrient deficiency with carbohydrate intake ≤165 g/d in GDM. Well-controlled prospective RCTs comparing LC (<165 g/d) and higher carbohydrate energy-balanced diets in pregnant women are clearly overdue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianne Sweeting
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (A.S.); (T.P.M.); (G.P.R.)
- Charles Perkins Centre, Boden Initiative, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Jovana Mijatovic
- Charles Perkins Centre, Boden Initiative, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Unit, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Grant D. Brinkworth
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation—Health and Biosecurity, Sydney, NSW 2113, Australia;
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tania P. Markovic
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (A.S.); (T.P.M.); (G.P.R.)
- Charles Perkins Centre, Boden Initiative, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Metabolism & Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Glynis P. Ross
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (A.S.); (T.P.M.); (G.P.R.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Teri L. Hernandez
- College of Nursing, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-303-724-8538
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Lyu QR, Huang N, Dong K, Xie W, He J, Xu N, Zhang Y. The miR-378/PGC1β/mTOR axis as an alternative mechanism to promote autophagy during adipogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158921. [PMID: 33716136 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Rex Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.
| | - Nunu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Weidong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jie He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, 510180 Guangzhou, China
| | - Naihan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yaou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Open FIESTA Center, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Xiong W, Xiong Z, Song A, Lei C, Ye C, Zhang C. Relieving lipid accumulation through UCP1 suppresses the progression of acute kidney injury by promoting the AMPK/ULK1/autophagy pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4637-4654. [PMID: 33754018 PMCID: PMC7978316 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical emergency with an acute onset, rapid progression, and poor prognosis. Recent evidence suggests that AKI is accompanied by significant metabolic abnormalities, including alterations in lipid metabolism. However, the specific changes in lipids in AKI, and their role and regulation mechanisms are currently unclear. Methods: Quantitative metabolomics was performed in AKI models to reveal the differences of lipid metabolism-related products. Regulated pathway was detected by western blot, qRT-PCR, immunoblot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Results: The present study systematically analyzes the changes in lipid composition in AKI for the first time and find that the degree of lipid accumulation was highly correlated with uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Importantly, relieving lipid accumulation in AKI by upregulating UCP1 can significantly inhibit the progression of AKI through promoting AMPK/ULK1/autophagy pathway. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that lipid accumulation in AKI is directly regulated by UCP1, which can activate cell autophagy and thus significantly inhibit disease progression. It will provide new ideas and targets for the treatment of AKI.
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