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Piñón Hofbauer J, Guttmann-Gruber C, Wally V, Sharma A, Gratz IK, Koller U. Challenges and progress related to gene editing in rare skin diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 208:115294. [PMID: 38527624 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Genodermatoses represent a large group of inherited skin disorders encompassing clinically-heterogeneous conditions that manifest in the skin and other organs. Depending on disease variant, associated clinical manifestations and secondary complications can severely impact patients' quality of life and currently available treatments are transient and not curative. Multiple emerging approaches using CRISPR-based technologies offer promising prospects for therapy. Here, we explore current advances and challenges related to gene editing in rare skin diseases, including different strategies tailored to mutation type and structural organization of the affected gene, considerations for in vivo and ex vivo applications, the critical issue of delivery into the skin, and immune aspects of therapy. Against the backdrop of a landmark FDA approval for the first re-dosable gene replacement therapy for a rare genetic skin disorder, gene editing approaches are inching closer to the clinics and the possibility of a local permanent cure for patients affected by these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Piñón Hofbauer
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christina Guttmann-Gruber
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Verena Wally
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anshu Sharma
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Iris K Gratz
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ulrich Koller
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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2
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Wang X, Li Y, A S, Lyu J, Wang X, He Z, Lara-Sáez I, Li M, Wang W. Cyclization-enhanced poly(β-amino ester)s vectors for efficient CRISPR gene editing therapy. J Control Release 2024; 368:444-452. [PMID: 38401849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Among non-viral gene delivery vectors, poly(β-amino ester)s (PAEs) are one of the most versatile candidates because of their wide monomer availability, high polymer flexibility, and superior gene transfection performance both in vitro and in vivo. Over two decades, PAEs have evolved from linear to highly branched structures, significantly enhancing gene delivery efficacy. Building on the proven efficient sets of monomers in highly branched PAEs (HPAEs), this work introduced a new class of cyclic PAEs (CPAEs) constructed via an A2 + B4 + C2 cyclization synthesis strategy and identified their markedly improved gene transfection capabilities in gene delivery applications. Two sets of cyclic PAEs (CPAEs) with rings of different sizes and topologies were obtained. Their chemical structures were confirmed via two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and the photoluminescence phenomena, and their DNA delivery behaviours were investigated and compared with the HPAE counterparts. In vitro assessments demonstrated that the CPAEs with a macrocyclic architecture (MCPAEs), significantly enhanced DNA intracellular uptake and facilitated efficient gene expression while maintaining perfect biocompatibility. The top-performance MCPAEs have been further employed to deliver a plasmid coding dual single guide RNA-guided CRISPR-Cas9 machinery to delete COL7A1 exon 80 containing the c.6527dupC mutation. In recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) patient-derived epidermal keratinocytes, MCPAEs facilitated the CRISPR plasmid delivery and achieved efficient targeted gene editing in multiple colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqing Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yinghao Li
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sigen A
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Jing Lyu
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Xi Wang
- Institute of Precision Medicine (AUST-IPM), Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Zhonglei He
- Institute of Precision Medicine (AUST-IPM), Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Irene Lara-Sáez
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.
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Raoufinia R, Rahimi HR, Keyhanvar N, Moghbeli M, Abdyazdani N, Rostami M, Naghipoor K, Forouzanfar F, Foroudi S, Saburi E. Advances in Treatments for Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB): Emphasis on Stem Cell-Based Therapy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10697-4. [PMID: 38430362 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare genetic dermatosis characterized by skin fragility and blister formation. With a wide phenotypic spectrum and potential extracutaneous manifestations, EB poses significant morbidity and mortality risks. Currently classified into four main subtypes based on the level of skin cleavage, EB is caused by genetic mutations affecting proteins crucial for maintaining skin integrity. The management of EB primarily focuses on preventing complications and treating symptoms through wound care, pain management, and other supportive measures. However, recent advancements in the fields of stem cell therapy, tissue engineering, and gene therapy have shown promise as potential treatments for EB. Stem cells capable of differentiating into skin cells, have demonstrated positive outcomes in preclinical and early clinical trials by promoting wound healing and reducing inflammation. Gene therapy, on the other hand, aims to correct the underlying genetic defects responsible for EB by introducing functional copies of mutated genes or modifying existing genes to restore protein function. Particularly for severe subtypes like Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (RDEB), gene therapy holds significant potential. This review aims to evaluate the role of new therapeutic approaches in the treatment of EB. The review includes findings from studies conducted on humans. While early studies and clinical trials have shown promising results, further research and trials are necessary to establish the safety and efficacy of these innovative approaches for EB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Raoufinia
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Neda Keyhanvar
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nima Abdyazdani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rostami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Karim Naghipoor
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Foroudi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ferdowsi, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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4
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Karakaya T, Slaufova M, Di Filippo M, Hennig P, Fenini G, Kündig T, Beer HD. Efficient Generation of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout Human Primary Keratinocytes by Electroporation. Methods Mol Biol 2024. [PMID: 38407798 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2024_518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Due to their full differentiation capacity in vitro, the culture of human primary keratinocytes (HPKs) represents a physiological model for answering basic biological and dermatological research questions, including those related to skin diseases and the investigation of treatment options. When modified with the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing approach and cultivated in organotypic 3D epidermal equivalents (EEs), these human cells have the potential to replace established mouse models. However, even when cultivated on feeder cells, HPKs have only a low proliferation capacity in 2D culture, limiting their application potential. This is particularly true for CRISPR/Cas9-modified HPKs, whose generation commonly requires selection of targeted cells, negatively affecting their lifespan. Here, we describe a robust protocol for the rapid, simple, and efficient generation of single- and multi-gene CRISPR/Cas9 knockout HPKs by electroporation of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes, which comprise one or multiple guide RNAs (gRNAs) and Cas9 protein. Unlike DNA transfection or virus-based targeting strategies, electroporation of RNPs represents a targeting approach that minimizes immunological and toxic side effects. Using efficient gRNAs results in the generation of HPKs with a high yield of knockout cells, allowing for their immediate use in experiments without requiring the laborious process of selecting targeted cells or maintaining a feeder cell culture. Furthermore, the use of RNPs and their delivery via electroporation minimizes off-target and other unspecific effects, preventing unintended genomic alterations. Most importantly, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout HPKs generated with this protocol have the ability to form a fully differentiated epidermis in 3D, thus facilitating the understanding of specific protein functions in a highly physiological human skin model. Alternatively, this approach proves valuable for generating models of mono- or polygenic skin diseases via knockouts, providing insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and facilitating the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugay Karakaya
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marta Slaufova
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michela Di Filippo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paulina Hennig
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Fenini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kündig
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Dietmar Beer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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5
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Wang X, Wang X, Li Y, A S, Qiu B, Bushmalyova A, He Z, Wang W, Lara-Sáez I. CRISPR-Cas9-based non-viral gene editing therapy for topical treatment of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 31:101134. [PMID: 38027067 PMCID: PMC10630779 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is an autosomal monogenic skin disease caused by mutations in COL7A1 gene and lack of functional type VII collagen (C7). Currently, there is no cure for RDEB, and most of the gene therapies under development have been designed as ex vivo strategies because of the shortage of efficient and safe carriers for gene delivery. Herein, we designed, synthesized, and screened a new group of highly branched poly(β amino ester)s (HPAEs) as non-viral carriers for the delivery of plasmids encoding dual single-guide RNA (sgRNA)-guided CRISPR-Cas9 machinery to delete COL7A1 exon 80 containing the c.6527dupC mutation. The selected HPAEs (named PTTA-DATOD) showed robust transfection efficiency, comparable with or surpassing that of leading commercial gene transfection reagents such as Lipofectamine 3000, Xfect, and jetPEI, while maintaining negligible cytotoxicity. Furthermore, CRISPR-Cas9 plasmids delivered by PTTA-DATOD achieved efficient targeted deletion and restored bulk C7 production in RDEB patient keratinocyte polyclones. The non-viral CRISPR-Cas9-based COL7A1 exon deletion approach developed here has great potential to be used as a topical treatment for RDEB patients with mutations in COL7A1 exon 80. Besides, this therapeutic strategy can easily be adapted for mutations in other COL7A1 exons, other epidermolysis bullosa subtypes, and other genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqing Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xi Wang
- Research and Clinical Translation Center of Gene Medicine and Tissue Engineering, School of Public Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Yinghao Li
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sigen A
- Research and Clinical Translation Center of Gene Medicine and Tissue Engineering, School of Public Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Bei Qiu
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Albina Bushmalyova
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zhonglei He
- Research and Clinical Translation Center of Gene Medicine and Tissue Engineering, School of Public Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Research and Clinical Translation Center of Gene Medicine and Tissue Engineering, School of Public Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Irene Lara-Sáez
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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6
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Cavazza A, Hendel A, Bak RO, Rio P, Güell M, Lainšček D, Arechavala-Gomeza V, Peng L, Hapil FZ, Harvey J, Ortega FG, Gonzalez-Martinez C, Lederer CW, Mikkelsen K, Gasiunas G, Kalter N, Gonçalves MA, Petersen J, Garanto A, Montoliu L, Maresca M, Seemann SE, Gorodkin J, Mazini L, Sanchez R, Rodriguez-Madoz JR, Maldonado-Pérez N, Laura T, Schmueck-Henneresse M, Maccalli C, Grünewald J, Carmona G, Kachamakova-Trojanowska N, Miccio A, Martin F, Turchiano G, Cathomen T, Luo Y, Tsai SQ, Benabdellah K. Progress and harmonization of gene editing to treat human diseases: Proceeding of COST Action CA21113 GenE-HumDi. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2023; 34:102066. [PMID: 38034032 PMCID: PMC10685310 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.102066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to funding and coordinating scientific and technological research in Europe, fostering collaboration among researchers and institutions across countries. Recently, COST Action funded the "Genome Editing to treat Human Diseases" (GenE-HumDi) network, uniting various stakeholders such as pharmaceutical companies, academic institutions, regulatory agencies, biotech firms, and patient advocacy groups. GenE-HumDi's primary objective is to expedite the application of genome editing for therapeutic purposes in treating human diseases. To achieve this goal, GenE-HumDi is organized in several working groups, each focusing on specific aspects. These groups aim to enhance genome editing technologies, assess delivery systems, address safety concerns, promote clinical translation, and develop regulatory guidelines. The network seeks to establish standard procedures and guidelines for these areas to standardize scientific practices and facilitate knowledge sharing. Furthermore, GenE-HumDi aims to communicate its findings to the public in accessible yet rigorous language, emphasizing genome editing's potential to revolutionize the treatment of many human diseases. The inaugural GenE-HumDi meeting, held in Granada, Spain, in March 2023, featured presentations from experts in the field, discussing recent breakthroughs in delivery methods, safety measures, clinical translation, and regulatory aspects related to gene editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cavazza
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Ayal Hendel
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Rasmus O. Bak
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Paula Rio
- Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIEMAT/CIBERER), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Therapies Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Güell
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Integra Therapeutics S.L., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Duško Lainšček
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Virginia Arechavala-Gomeza
- Nucleic Acid Therapeutics for Rare Disorders (NAT-RD), Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ling Peng
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, UMR 7325, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Fatma Zehra Hapil
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Joshua Harvey
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Francisco G. Ortega
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Coral Gonzalez-Martinez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kasper Mikkelsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Nechama Kalter
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Manuel A.F.V. Gonçalves
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Julie Petersen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Alejandro Garanto
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Human Genetics, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lluis Montoliu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcello Maresca
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan E. Seemann
- Center for Non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Gorodkin
- Center for Non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Loubna Mazini
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Technologic, Medical and Academic Park (TMAP), Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Rosario Sanchez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicinal & Organic Chemistry and Excellence Research Unit of "Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and the Environment," Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan R. Rodriguez-Madoz
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Torella Laura
- DNA & RNA Medicine Division, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Michael Schmueck-Henneresse
- Berlin Institute for Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cristina Maccalli
- Laboratory of Immune Biological Therapy, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Julian Grünewald
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, TranslaTUM, MIBE, Munich, Germany
- Center for Organoid Systems, Munich, Germany
| | - Gloria Carmona
- Red Andaluza de diseño y traslación de Terapias Avanzadas-RAdytTA, Fundación Pública Andaluza Progreso y Salud-FPS, Sevilla, España
| | | | - Annarita Miccio
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Chromatin and Gene Regulation During Development, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Francisco Martin
- Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Immunology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada and Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), PTS, Av. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Giandomenico Turchiano
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yonglun Luo
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Shengdar Q. Tsai
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Karim Benabdellah
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), PTS, Av. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - on behalf of the COST Action CA21113
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIEMAT/CIBERER), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Therapies Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Integra Therapeutics S.L., Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Nucleic Acid Therapeutics for Rare Disorders (NAT-RD), Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, UMR 7325, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 13288 Marseille, France
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassaemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- CasZyme, 10224 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Human Genetics, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Technologic, Medical and Academic Park (TMAP), Marrakech, Morocco
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicinal & Organic Chemistry and Excellence Research Unit of "Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and the Environment," Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Cancer Center Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- DNA & RNA Medicine Division, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Berlin Institute for Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Laboratory of Immune Biological Therapy, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, TranslaTUM, MIBE, Munich, Germany
- Center for Organoid Systems, Munich, Germany
- Red Andaluza de diseño y traslación de Terapias Avanzadas-RAdytTA, Fundación Pública Andaluza Progreso y Salud-FPS, Sevilla, España
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Chromatin and Gene Regulation During Development, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
- Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Immunology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada and Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), PTS, Av. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), PTS, Av. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
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7
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Berthault C, Gaucher S, Gouin O, Schmitt A, Chen M, Woodley D, Titeux M, Hovnanian A, Izmiryan A. Highly Efficient Ex Vivo Correction of COL7A1 through Ribonucleoprotein-Based CRISPR/Cas9 and Homology-Directed Repair to Treat Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa. J Invest Dermatol 2023:S0022-202X(23)03117-2. [PMID: 38043638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare and severe genetic skin disease responsible for blistering of the skin and mucosa after minor trauma. RDEB is caused by a wide variety of variants in COL7A1 encoding type VII Collagen, the major component of anchoring fibrils that form key attachment structures for dermal-epidermal adherence. In this study, we achieved highly efficient COL7A1 editing in primary RDEB keratinocytes and fibroblasts from 2 patients homozygous for the c.6508C>T (p.Gln2170∗) variant through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homology-directed repair. Three guide RNAs targeting the c.6508C>T variant or harboring sequences were delivered together with high-fidelity Cas9 as a ribonucleoprotein complex. Among them, one achieved 73% cleavage activity in primary RDEB keratinocytes and RDEB fibroblasts. Then, we treated RDEB keratinocytes and RDEB fibroblasts with this specific ribonucleoprotein complex and the corresponding donor template delivered as single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide and achieved up to 58% of genetic correction as well as type VII Collagen rescue. Finally, grafting of corrected 3-dimensional skin onto nude mice induced re-expression and normal localization of type VII Collagen as well as anchoring fibril formation at the dermal-epidermal junction 5 and 10 weeks after grafting. With this promising nonviral approach, we achieved therapeutically relevant specific gene editing that could be applicable to all variants in exon 80 of COL7A1 in primary RDEB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Berthault
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic skin diseases, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Sonia Gaucher
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic skin diseases, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Gouin
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic skin diseases, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Alain Schmitt
- Electronic Microscopy Facility, INSERM UMR 1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David Woodley
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Matthias Titeux
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic skin diseases, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic skin diseases, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Paris, France; Department of Genomic Medicine for Rare Diseases, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Araksya Izmiryan
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic skin diseases, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Paris, France.
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8
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Li Y, Wang X, He Z, Johnson M, A S, Lara-Sáez I, Lyu J, Wang W. 3D Macrocyclic Structure Boosted Gene Delivery: Multi-Cyclic Poly(β-Amino Ester)s from Step Growth Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17187-17200. [PMID: 37490481 PMCID: PMC10416306 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The topological structures of polymers play a critical role in determining their gene delivery efficiency. Exploring novel polymeric structures as gene delivery vectors is thus of great interest. In this work, a new generation of multi-cyclic poly(β-amino ester)s (CPAEs) with unique topology structure was synthesized for the first time via step growth polymerization. Through controlling the occurrence stage of cyclization, three types of CPAEs with rings of different sizes and topologies were obtained. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the CPAEs with macro rings (MCPAEs) significantly boosted the transgene expression comparing to their branched counterparts. Moreover, the MCPAE vector with optimized terminal group efficiently delivered the CRISPR plasmid coding both Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 nuclease and dual guide sgRNAs for gene editing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghao Li
- Research
and Clinical Translation Center of Gene Medicine and Tissue Engineering,
School of Public Health, Anhui University
of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Charles
Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Dublin D04V1W8, Ireland
| | - Xianqing Wang
- Charles
Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Dublin D04V1W8, Ireland
| | - Zhonglei He
- Research
and Clinical Translation Center of Gene Medicine and Tissue Engineering,
School of Public Health, Anhui University
of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Charles
Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Dublin D04V1W8, Ireland
| | - Melissa Johnson
- Charles
Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Dublin D04V1W8, Ireland
| | - Sigen A
- Charles
Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Dublin D04V1W8, Ireland
- School
of Medicine, Anhui University of Science
and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Irene Lara-Sáez
- Charles
Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Dublin D04V1W8, Ireland
| | - Jing Lyu
- Charles
Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Dublin D04V1W8, Ireland
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Research
and Clinical Translation Center of Gene Medicine and Tissue Engineering,
School of Public Health, Anhui University
of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Charles
Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Dublin D04V1W8, Ireland
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9
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Lu X, Jin H. A Review of CRISPR-Based Advances in Dermatological Diseases. Mol Diagn Ther 2023; 27:445-456. [PMID: 37041404 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-023-00642-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) has revolutionized biomedical research by offering novel approaches to genetic and epigenetic manipulation. In dermatology, it has significantly promoted our understanding of complex diseases, and shown great potential in therapeutic applications. In this review, we introduce the adoption of CRISPR technology as a tool to study different types of skin disorders, including monogenic genodermatoses, inflammatory disorders, and cutaneous infections. We highlight the promising preclinical results of CRISPR-mediated treatment and important mechanic discoveries in investigative studies. Future opportunities and remaining challenges are also discussed. We predict that CRISPR will be more extensively used for dermatological research and even be accessible to patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Lu
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hongzhong Jin
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, 100730, China.
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10
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Liemberger B, Bischof J, Ablinger M, Hainzl S, Murauer EM, Lackner N, Ebner P, Kocher T, Nyström A, Wally V, Mayr E, Guttmann-Gruber C, Hofbauer JP, Bauer JW, Koller U. COL7A1 Editing via RNA Trans-Splicing in RDEB-Derived Skin Equivalents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36901775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the COL7A1 gene lead to malfunction, reduction or complete absence of type VII collagen (C7) in the skin's basement membrane zone (BMZ), impairing skin integrity. In epidermolysis bullosa (EB), more than 800 mutations in COL7A1 have been reported, leading to the dystrophic form of EB (DEB), a severe and rare skin blistering disease associated with a high risk of developing an aggressive form of squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we leveraged a previously described 3'-RTMS6m repair molecule to develop a non-viral, non-invasive and efficient RNA therapy to correct mutations within COL7A1 via spliceosome-mediated RNA trans-splicing (SMaRT). RTM-S6m, cloned into a non-viral minicircle-GFP vector, is capable of correcting all mutations occurring between exon 65 and exon 118 of COL7A1 via SMaRT. Transfection of the RTM into recessive dystrophic EB (RDEB) keratinocytes resulted in a trans-splicing efficiency of ~1.5% in keratinocytes and ~0.6% in fibroblasts, as confirmed on mRNA level via next-generation sequencing (NGS). Full-length C7 protein expression was primarily confirmed in vitro via immunofluorescence (IF) staining and Western blot analysis of transfected cells. Additionally, we complexed 3'-RTMS6m with a DDC642 liposomal carrier to deliver the RTM topically onto RDEB skin equivalents and were subsequently able to detect an accumulation of restored C7 within the basement membrane zone (BMZ). In summary, we transiently corrected COL7A1 mutations in vitro in RDEB keratinocytes and skin equivalents derived from RDEB keratinocytes and fibroblasts using a non-viral 3'-RTMS6m repair molecule.
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11
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Naso G, Gkazi S, Georgiadis C, Jayarajan V, Jacków J, Fleck R, Allison L, Ogunbiyi O, McGrath J, Ilic D, Di W, Petrova A, Qasim W. Cytosine deaminase base editing to restore COL7A1 in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa human:murine skin model. JID Innovations 2023; 3:100191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2023.100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
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12
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Brooks IR, Sheriff A, Moran D, Wang J, Jacków J. Challenges of Gene Editing Therapies for Genodermatoses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2298. [PMID: 36768619 PMCID: PMC9916788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Genodermatoses encompass a wide range of inherited skin diseases, many of which are monogenic. Genodermatoses range in severity and result in early-onset cancers or life-threatening damage to the skin, and there are few curative options. As such, there is a clinical need for single-intervention treatments with curative potential. Here, we discuss the nascent field of gene editing for the treatment of genodermatoses, exploring CRISPR-Cas9 and homology-directed repair, base editing, and prime editing tools for correcting pathogenic mutations. We specifically focus on the optimisation of editing efficiency, the minimisation off-targets edits, and the tools for delivery for potential future therapies. Honing each of these factors is essential for translating gene editing therapies into the clinical setting. Therefore, the aim of this review article is to raise important considerations for investigators aiming to develop gene editing approaches for genodermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joanna Jacków
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
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13
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Wang D, Fan X, Li M, Liu T, Lu P, Wang G, Li Y, Han J, Zhao J. Prime Editing in Mammals: The Next Generation of Precision Genome Editing. CRISPR J 2022; 5:746-768. [PMID: 36512351 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2022.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently established prime editor (PE) system is regarded as next-generation gene-editing technology. This methodology can install any base-to-base change as well as insertions and deletions without the requirement for double-stranded break formation or donor DNA templates; thus, it offers more targeting flexibility and greater editing precision than conventional CRISPR-Cas systems or base editors. In this study, we introduce the basic principles of PE and then review its most recent progress in terms of editing versatility, specificity, and efficiency in mammals. Next, we summarize key considerations regarding the selection of PE variants, prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA) design rules, and the efficiency and accuracy evaluation of PE. Finally, we highlight and discuss how PE can assist in a wide range of biological studies and how it can be applied to make precise genomic corrections in animal models, which paves the way for curing human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China; and Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiude Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China; and Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengzhu Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China; and Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Tianbo Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China; and Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China; and Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guangxin Wang
- Shandong Innovation Center of Intelligent Diagnosis, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China; and Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - JunMing Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China; and Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - JiaJun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China; Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China; and Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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14
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García M, Bonafont J, Martínez-Palacios J, Xu R, Turchiano G, Svensson S, Thrasher AJ, Larcher F, Del Rio M, Hernández-Alcoceba R, Garín MI, Mencía Á, Murillas R. Preclinical model for phenotypic correction of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa by in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 delivery using adenoviral vectors. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 27:96-108. [PMID: 36212909 PMCID: PMC9531050 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, a devastating skin fragility disease characterized by recurrent skin blistering, scarring, and a high risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma is caused by mutations in COL7A1, the gene encoding type VII collagen, which is the major component of the anchoring fibrils that bind the dermis and epidermis. Ex vivo correction of COL7A1 by gene editing in patients’ cells has been achieved before. However, in vivo editing approaches are necessary to address the direct treatment of the blistering lesions characteristic of this disease. We have now generated adenoviral vectors for CRISPR-Cas9 delivery to remove exon 80 of COL7A1, which contains a highly prevalent frameshift mutation in Spanish patients. For in vivo testing, a humanized skin mouse model was used. Efficient viral transduction of skin was observed after excisional wounds generated with a surgical punch on regenerated patient skin grafts were filled with the adenoviral vectors embedded in a fibrin gel. Type VII collagen deposition in the basement membrane zone of the wounded areas treated with the vectors correlated with restoration of dermal-epidermal adhesion, demonstrating that recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) patient skin lesions can be directly treated by CRISPR-Cas9 delivery in vivo.
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15
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Ivanenko AV, Evtushenko NA, Gurskaya NG. Genome Editing in Therapy of Genodermatoses. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322060085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Sheriff A, Guri I, Zebrowska P, Llopis-Hernandez V, Brooks IR, Tekkela S, Subramaniam K, Gebrezgabher R, Naso G, Petrova A, Balon K, Onoufriadis A, Kujawa D, Kotulska M, Newby G, Łaczmański Ł, Liu DR, McGrath JA, Jacków J. ABE8e adenine base editor precisely and efficiently corrects a recurrent COL7A1 nonsense mutation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19643. [PMID: 36385635 PMCID: PMC9666996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Base editing introduces precise single-nucleotide edits in genomic DNA and has the potential to treat genetic diseases such as the blistering skin disease recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), which is characterized by mutations in the COL7A1 gene and type VII collagen (C7) deficiency. Adenine base editors (ABEs) convert A-T base pairs to G-C base pairs without requiring double-stranded DNA breaks or donor DNA templates. Here, we use ABE8e, a recently evolved ABE, to correct primary RDEB patient fibroblasts harboring the recurrent RDEB nonsense mutation c.5047 C > T (p.Arg1683Ter) in exon 54 of COL7A1 and use a next generation sequencing workflow to interrogate post-treatment outcomes. Electroporation of ABE8e mRNA into a bulk population of RDEB patient fibroblasts resulted in remarkably efficient (94.6%) correction of the pathogenic allele, restoring COL7A1 mRNA and expression of C7 protein in western blots and in 3D skin constructs. Off-target DNA analysis did not detect off-target editing in treated patient-derived fibroblasts and there was no detectable increase in A-to-I changes in the RNA. Taken together, we have established a highly efficient pipeline for gene correction in primary fibroblasts with a favorable safety profile. This work lays a foundation for developing therapies for RDEB patients using ex vivo or in vivo base editing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Sheriff
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 9th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond Road, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ina Guri
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 9th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond Road, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Paulina Zebrowska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Virginia Llopis-Hernandez
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 9th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond Road, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Imogen R Brooks
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 9th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond Road, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Stavroula Tekkela
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 9th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond Road, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Kavita Subramaniam
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 9th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond Road, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ruta Gebrezgabher
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 9th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond Road, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Gaetano Naso
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Unit, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Anastasia Petrova
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Unit, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Katarzyna Balon
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alexandros Onoufriadis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 9th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond Road, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Dorota Kujawa
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Martyna Kotulska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Gregory Newby
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Łukasz Łaczmański
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - David R Liu
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 9th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond Road, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Joanna Jacków
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 9th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond Road, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
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17
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Bischof J, March OP, Liemberger B, Haas SA, Hainzl S, Petković I, Leb-Reichl V, Illmer J, Korotchenko E, Klausegger A, Hoog A, Binder HM, Garcia M, Duarte B, Strunk D, Larcher F, Reichelt J, Guttmann-Gruber C, Wally V, Hofbauer JP, Bauer JW, Cathomen T, Kocher T, Koller U. Paired nicking-mediated COL17A1 reframing for junctional epidermolysis bullosa. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2680-2692. [PMID: 35490295 PMCID: PMC9372311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a debilitating hereditary skin disorder caused by mutations in genes encoding laminin-332, type XVII collagen (C17), and integrin-α6β4, which maintain stability between the dermis and epidermis. We designed patient-specific Cas9-nuclease- and -nickase-based targeting strategies for reframing a common homozygous deletion in exon 52 of COL17A1 associated with a lack of full-length C17 expression. Subsequent characterization of protein restoration, indel composition, and divergence of DNA and mRNA outcomes after treatment revealed auspicious efficiency, safety, and precision profiles for paired nicking-based COL17A1 editing. Almost 46% of treated primary JEB keratinocytes expressed reframed C17. Reframed COL17A1 transcripts predominantly featured 25- and 37-nt deletions, accounting for >42% of all edits and encoding C17 protein variants that localized accurately to the cell membrane. Furthermore, corrected cells showed accurate shedding of the extracellular 120-kDa C17 domain and improved adhesion capabilities to laminin-332 compared with untreated JEB cells. Three-dimensional (3D) skin equivalents demonstrated accurate and continuous deposition of C17 within the basal membrane zone between epidermis and dermis. Our findings constitute, for the first time, gene-editing-based correction of a COL17A1 mutation and demonstrate the superiority of proximal paired nicking strategies based on Cas9 D10A nickase over wild-type Cas9-based strategies for gene reframing in a clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Bischof
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Oliver Patrick March
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernadette Liemberger
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Simone Alexandra Haas
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Hainzl
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Igor Petković
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Victoria Leb-Reichl
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Julia Illmer
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Evgeniia Korotchenko
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Alfred Klausegger
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anna Hoog
- Cell Therapy Institute, SCI-TReCS, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Heide-Marie Binder
- Cell Therapy Institute, SCI-TReCS, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Marta Garcia
- Epithelial Biomedicine Division, CIEMAT-CIBERER, Department of Bioengineering, UC3M, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Duarte
- Epithelial Biomedicine Division, CIEMAT-CIBERER, Department of Bioengineering, UC3M, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dirk Strunk
- Cell Therapy Institute, SCI-TReCS, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fernando Larcher
- Epithelial Biomedicine Division, CIEMAT-CIBERER, Department of Bioengineering, UC3M, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Reichelt
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christina Guttmann-Gruber
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Verena Wally
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Josefina Piñón Hofbauer
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johann Wolfgang Bauer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ulrich Koller
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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Fozia F, Nazli R, Alrashed MM, Ghneim HK, Haq ZU, Jabeen M, Alam Khan S, Ahmad I, Bourhia M, Aboul-Soud MAM. Detection of Novel Biallelic Causative Variants in COL7A1 Gene by Whole-Exome Sequencing, Resulting in Congenital Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa in Three Unrelated Families. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 35885431 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dystrophic Epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is a rare, severe subtype of epidermolysis bullosa (EB), characterized by blisters and miliary rashes of the skin. Dystrophic EB (DEB) includes variants inherited both in an autosomal-dominant or autosomal-recessive manner. Recessive dystrophic EB (RDEB) is divided into many subtypes and prevails as a result of biallelic genetic mutations in COL7A1 gene encoding type VII collagen, a major stabilizing molecule of the dermo-epidermal junction. The blister formation is mainly due to the variable structural and functional impairment of anchoring fibrils in VII collagen (COLVII), responsible for the adhesion of the epidermis to the dermis. Method: Three Pakistani families (A, B and C) affected with congenital dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa were recruited in the present study. The whole-exome sequencing (WES) approach was utilized for the detection of the pathogenic sequence variants in probands. The segregation of these variants in other participants was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Results: This study identified a novel missense variant c.7034G>A, p. Gly2345Asp in exon 91, a novel Frameshift mutation c.385del (p. His129MetfsTer18) in a homozygous form in exon no 3, and a previously known nonsense variation (c.1573 C>T; p. Arg525Ter) in exon 12 of COL7A1 gene in families A, B, and C, respectively, as causative mutations responsible for dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa in these families. Conclusion: Our study validates the involvement of the COL7A1 gene in the etiology of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. It further expands the COL7A1 gene mutation database and provides an additional scientific basis for diagnosis, genetic counseling, and prognosis purposes for EB patients.
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Hong SA, Kim SE, Lee AY, Hwang GH, Kim JH, Iwata H, Kim SC, Bae S, Lee SE. Therapeutic base editing and prime editing of COL7A1 mutations in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2664-2679. [PMID: 35690907 PMCID: PMC9372317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a severe skin fragility disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the COL7A1 gene, which encodes type VII collagen (C7), a protein that functions in skin adherence. From 36 Korean RDEB patients, we identified a total of 69 pathogenic mutations (40 variants without recurrence), including point mutations (72.5%) and insertion/deletion mutations (27.5%). For fibroblasts from two patients (Pat1 and Pat2), we applied adenine base editors (ABEs) to correct the pathogenic mutation of COL7A1 or to bypass a premature stop codon in Pat1-derived primary fibroblasts. To expand the targeting scope, we also utilized prime editors (PEs) to correct the COL7A1 mutations in Pat1- and Pat2-derived fibroblasts. Ultimately, we found that transfer of edited patient-derived skin equivalents (i.e., RDEB keratinocytes and PE-corrected RDEB fibroblasts from the RDEB patient) into the skin of immunodeficient mice led to C7 deposition and anchoring fibril formation within the dermal-epidermal junction, suggesting that base editing and prime editing could be feasible strategies for ex vivo gene editing to treat RDEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ah Hong
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Song-Ee Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, South Korea
| | - A-Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, South Korea
| | - Gue-Ho Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, South Korea
| | - Hiroaki Iwata
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Soo-Chan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, South Korea
| | - Sangsu Bae
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
| | - Sang Eun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, South Korea.
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Parsaeimehr A, Ebirim RI, Ozbay G. CRISPR-Cas technology a new era in genomic engineering. Biotechnology Reports 2022; 34:e00731. [PMID: 35686011 PMCID: PMC9171425 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas systems offer a flexible and easy-to-use molecular platform to precisely modify and control organisms' genomes in a variety of fields, from agricultural biotechnology to therapeutics. With CRISPR technology, crop genomes can be precisely edited in a shorter and more efficient approach compared to traditional breeding or classic mutagenesis. CRISPR-Cas system can be used to manage the fermentation process by addressing phage resistance, antimicrobial activity, and genome editing. CRISPR-Cas technology has opened up a new era in gene therapy and other therapeutic fields and given hope to thousands of patients with genetic diseases. Anti-CRISPR molecules are powerful tools for regulating the CRISPR-Cas systems.
The CRISPR-Cas systems have offered a flexible, easy-to-use platform to precisely modify and control the genomes of organisms in various fields, ranging from agricultural biotechnology to therapeutics. This system is extensively used in the study of infectious, progressive, and life-threatening genetic diseases for the improvement of quality and quantity of major crops and in the development of sustainable methods for the generation of biofuels. As CRISPR-Cas technology continues to evolve, it is becoming more controllable and precise with the addition of molecular regulators, which will provide benefits for everyone and save many lives. Studies on the constant growth of CRISPR technology are important due to its rapid development. In this paper, we present the current applications and progress of CRISPR-Cas genome editing systems in several fields of research, we further highlight the applications of anti-CRISPR molecules to regulate CRISPR-Cas gene editing systems, and we discuss ethical considerations in CRISPR-Cas applications.
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Serrano LJ, Garcia-arranz M, De Pablo-moreno JA, Segovia JC, Olivera-salazar R, Garcia-olmo D, Liras A. Development and Characterization of a Factor V-Deficient CRISPR Cell Model for the Correction of Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5802. [PMID: 35628611 PMCID: PMC9148015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Factor V deficiency, an ultra-rare congenital coagulopathy, is characterized by bleeding episodes that may be more or less intense as a function of the levels of coagulation factor activity present in plasma. Fresh-frozen plasma, often used to treat patients with factor V deficiency, is a scarcely effective palliative therapy with no specificity to the disease. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, following precise deletion by non-homologous end-joining, has proven to be highly effective for modeling on a HepG2 cell line a mutation similar to the one detected in the factor V-deficient patient analyzed in this study, thus simulating the pathological phenotype. Additional CRISPR/Cas9-driven non-homologous end-joining precision deletion steps allowed correction of 41% of the factor V gene mutated cells, giving rise to a newly developed functional protein. Taking into account the plasma concentrations corresponding to the different levels of severity of factor V deficiency, it may be argued that the correction achieved in this study could, in ideal conditions, be sufficient to turn a severe phenotype into a mild or asymptomatic one.
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22
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The genodermatosis epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a monogenetic disease, characterized by severe blister formation on the skin and mucous membranes upon minimal mechanical trauma. Causes for the disease are mutations in genes encoding proteins that are essential for skin integrity. In EB, one of these proteins is either functionally impaired or completely absent. Therefore, the development and improvement of DNA and RNA-based therapeutic approaches for this severe blistering skin disease is mandatory to achieve a treatment option for the patients. AREAS COVERED Currently, there are several forms of DNA/RNA therapies potentially feasible for EB. Whereas some of them are still at the preclinical stage, others are clinically advanced and have already been applied to patients. In particular, this is the case for a cDNA replacement approach successfully applied for a small number of patients with junctional EB. EXPERT OPINION The heterogeneity of EB justifies the development of therapeutic options with distinct modes of action at a DNA or RNA level. Besides, splicing-modulating therapies, based on RNA trans-splicing or short antisense oligonucleotides, especially designer nucleases, have steadily improved in efficiency and safety and thus likely represent the most promising gene therapy tool in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kocher
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Igor Petkovic
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johannes Bischof
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ulrich Koller
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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Bhat P, Garibyan L. The Potential of CRISPR-Guided Therapies in the Dermatology Clinic. JID Innov 2022; 2:100103. [PMID: 35265937 PMCID: PMC8899042 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2022.100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, CRISPR has rapidly made its way from the bench to the bedside, providing a newfound therapeutic avenue to not only treat genetic diseases but also permanently cure them. Although there are several clinical trials in early stages, there are so far no CRISPR-based clinical trials for cutaneous disease. In this review, we describe multiple cutaneous diseases that represent ideal targets for CRISPR-based therapeutics owing to known single gene‒causing mutations. We also explore the potential of CRISPR nucleases to treat inflammatory disorders such as eczema and psoriasis, which are not classically categorized as genodermatoses. We describe the therapeutic solutions for these diseases that are guided by various CRISPR-associated (Cas) effector proteins, for example, using Cas9 to permanently edit the DNA of somatic cells, Cas3 to target foreign DNA to combat viral/bacterial skin infections, and Cas13 to edit mutated RNA transcripts in diseases where permanent DNA editing is untenable. Furthermore, we discuss various drug delivery modalities for CRISPR therapeutics, including transdermal patches and microneedles, which are uniquely suited for dermatological diseases. In summary, we highlight the potential of CRISPR-based therapeutics to revolutionize the treatment of cutaneous disease with a goal of being accessible to the practicing dermatologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Bhat
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Lilit Garibyan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Fierro J, DiPasquale J, Perez J, Chin B, Chokpapone Y, Tran AM, Holden A, Factoriza C, Sivagnanakumar N, Aguilar R, Mazal S, Lopez M, Dou H. Dual-sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of PD-L1 in human U87 glioblastoma tumor cells inhibits proliferation, invasion, and tumor-associated macrophage polarization. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2417. [PMID: 35165339 PMCID: PMC8844083 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) plays a key role in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) immunosuppression, vitality, proliferation, and migration, and is therefore a promising target for treating GBM. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genomic editing can delete both cell surface and intracellular PD-L1. This systemic deliverable genomic PD-L1 deletion system can be used as an effective anti-GBM therapy by inhibiting tumor growth and migration, and overcoming immunosuppression. To target PD-L1 for CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, we first identified two single guide RNA (sgRNA) sequences located on PD-L1 exon 3. The first sgRNA recognizes the forward strand of human PD-L1 near the beginning of exon 3 that allows editing by Cas9 at approximately base pair 82 (g82). The second sgRNA recognizes the forward strand of exon 3 that directs cutting at base pair 165 (g165). A homology-directed repair template (HDR) combined with the dual-sgRNAs was used to improve PD-L1 knockout specificity and efficiency. sgRNAs g82 and g165 were cloned into the multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 assembly system and co-transfected with the HDR template in human U87 GBM cells (g82/165 + HDR). T7E1 analysis suggests that the dual-sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 strategy with a repair template was capable of editing the genomic level of PD-L1. This was further confirmed by examining PD-L1 protein levels by western blot and immunofluorescence assays. Western blot analysis showed that the dual-sgRNAs with the repair template caused a 64% reduction of PD-L1 protein levels in U87 cells, while immunostaining showed a significant reduction of intracellular PD-L1. PD-L1 deletion inhibited proliferation, growth, invasion and migration of U87 cells, indicating intracellular PD-L1 is necessary for tumor progression. Importantly, U87 cells treated with g82/165 + HDR polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) toward an M1 phenotype, as indicated by an increase in TNF-α and a decrease in IL-4 secretions. This was further confirmed with flow cytometry that showed an increase in the M1 markers Ly6C + and CD80 +, and a decrease in the M2 marker CD206 + both in vitro and in vivo. Utilizing dual-sgRNAs and an HDR template with the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system is a promising avenue for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fierro
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905-2827, USA
| | - Jake DiPasquale
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905-2827, USA
| | - Joshua Perez
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Brandon Chin
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905-2827, USA
| | - Yathip Chokpapone
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - An M Tran
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905-2827, USA
| | - Arabella Holden
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Chris Factoriza
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905-2827, USA
| | - Nikhi Sivagnanakumar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Rocio Aguilar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Sarah Mazal
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905-2827, USA
| | - Melissa Lopez
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Huanyu Dou
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905-2827, USA.
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA.
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25
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Morren MA, Legius E, Giuliano F, Hadj-Rabia S, Hohl D, Bodemer C. Challenges in Treating Genodermatoses: New Therapies at the Horizon. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:746664. [PMID: 35069188 PMCID: PMC8766835 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.746664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genodermatoses are rare inherited skin diseases that frequently affect other organs. They often have marked effects on wellbeing and may cause early death. Progress in molecular genetics and translational research has unravelled many underlying pathological mechanisms, and in several disorders with high unmet need, has opened the way for the introduction of innovative treatments. One approach is to intervene where cell-signaling pathways are dysregulated, in the case of overactive pathways by the use of selective inhibitors, or when the activity of an essential factor is decreased by augmenting a molecular component to correct disequilibrium in the pathway. Where inflammatory reactions have been induced by a genetically altered protein, another possible approach is to suppress the inflammation directly. Depending on the nature of the genodermatosis, the implicated protein or even on the particular mutation, to correct the consequences or the genetic defect, may require a highly personalised stratagem. Repurposed drugs, can be used to bring about a "read through" strategy especially where the genetic defect induces premature termination codons. Sometimes the defective protein can be replaced by a normal functioning one. Cell therapies with allogeneic normal keratinocytes or fibroblasts may restore the integrity of diseased skin and allogeneic bone marrow or mesenchymal cells may additionally rescue other affected organs. Genetic engineering is expanding rapidly. The insertion of a normal functioning gene into cells of the recipient is since long explored. More recently, genome editing, allows reframing, insertion or deletion of exons or disruption of aberrantly functioning genes. There are now several examples where these stratagems are being explored in the (pre)clinical phase of therapeutic trial programmes. Another stratagem, designed to reduce the severity of a given disease involves the use of RNAi to attenuate expression of a harmful protein by decreasing abundance of the cognate transcript. Most of these strategies are short-lasting and will thus require intermittent life-long administration. In contrast, insertion of healthy copies of the relevant gene or editing the disease locus in the genome to correct harmful mutations in stem cells is more likely to induce a permanent cure. Here we discuss the potential advantages and drawbacks of applying these technologies in patients with these genetic conditions. Given the severity of many genodermatoses, prevention of transmission to future generations remains an important goal including offering reproductive choices, such as preimplantation genetic testing, which can allow selection of an unaffected embryo for transfer to the uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Anne Morren
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Departments of Dermatology and Venereology and Pediatrics, University Hospital Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Legius
- Department for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, ERN Genturis and ERN Skin, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fabienne Giuliano
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Smail Hadj-Rabia
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology and Dermatology, National Reference Centre for Genodermatosis and Rare Diseases of the Skin (MAGEC), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, ERN Skin, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Hohl
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Bodemer
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology and Dermatology, National Reference Centre for Genodermatosis and Rare Diseases of the Skin (MAGEC), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, ERN Skin, Paris, France
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Luque J, Mendes I, Gómez B, Morte B, Heredia ML, Herreras E, Corrochano V, Bueren J, Gallano P, Artuch R, Fillat C, Pérez‐Jurado LA, Montoliu L, Carracedo Á, Millán JM, Webb SM, Palau F, Lapunzina P, Aguado C, Aguado C, Albiñana V, Alías L, Almoguera B, Alonso J, Alonso‐Ferreira V, Alvarez‐Mora MI, Alvarez‐Mora MI, Antiñolo G, Arbones ML, Arenas J, Arjona E, Armangue T, Armstrong J, Arnedo M, Artuch R, Masó AA, Avila‐Fernandez A, Ayuso C, Badell I, Badenas C, Baeza ML, Baiget M, Balcells S, Ballesta‐Martínez MJ, Barahona M, Barros F, Bartoccioni PC, Bayona‐Bafaluy MP, Sanz SB, Bernabéu C, Bernal S, Blanco‐Kelly F, Blázquez A, Bodoy S, Bogliolo M, Borralleras C, Borrego S, Botella LM, Pieri FB, Bovolenta P, Bravo‐Gil N, Brea A, Bueno‐Lozano G, Bueren J, Bustamante A, Caballero T, Camacho‐Macorra C, Cámara Y, Camats‐Tarruella N, Barrio ÁC, Campuzano V, Cantarero L, Cantó J, Caparrós‐Martín JA, Cardellach F, Carmona R, Carracedo Á, Carretero M, Casado M, Casado JA, Casasnovas C, Cascón A, Casino P, Castaño L, Castilla‐Vallmanya L, Catala A, Cayuela ML, Cediel R, Cervera J, Codina‐Solà M, Contreras J, Cormand B, Corominas R, Corral J, Corrochano V, Cortés‐Rodríguez A, Corton M, Costa‐Roger M, Cozar M, Crespo I, Crispi F, Cruz R, Cuezva JM, Cuscó I, Dalmau J, Cima S, Luna S, De Luna N, Oyarzabal Sanz A, Campo M, Castillo I, Molina LDP, Pozo ÁD, Río M, Delmiro A, Desviat LR, Dierssen M, Domínguez‐González C, Domínguez‐Ruiz M, Dopazo J, Errasti E, Escámez MJ, Estañ MC, Esteban J, Estévez R, Ezquieta B, Fernández L, Fernández A, Fernández‐Cancio M, Fernàndez‐Castillo N, Jose PF, Fillat C, Fons C, Fort J, Fourcade S, Fraga MF, Gallano P, Gallardo E, García M, García‐Arumí E, García‐Bravo M, García‐Cazorla A, García‐Consuegra I, Garcia‐Garcia FJ, García‐García G, García‐Giménez JL, Garcia‐Gimeno MA, García‐Miñaur S, García‐Redondo A, García‐Silva MT, García‐Villoria J, Santiago FG, Garrabou G, Garrido G, Garrido‐Pérez N, Gaztambide S, Gil‐Campos M, Giroud‐Gerbetant J, Glover G, Gómez B, Gómez‐Puertas P, Gonzalez‐Cabo P, Gonzalez‐Casacuberta I, Pozo MG, González‐Quereda L, González‐Quintana A, Gort L, Gougeard N, Gratacos E, Grau JM, Grinberg D, Güenechea G, Guerrero R, Guillén‐Navarro E, Guitart‐Mampel M, Gutiérrez‐Arumí A, Heath K, Heredia M, Hernández‐Chico C, Herreras E, Hoenicka J, Homs A, Jimenez‐Estrada JA, Jimenez‐Mallebrera C, Jou C, Juarez‐Flores DL, Lapunzina P, Larcher F, Lasa A, Lassaletta L, Latorre‐Pellicer A, Linares D, Llacer JL, Llames S, Lopez‐Gallardo E, López‐Laso E, López‐Lera A, Lopez‐Lopez D, López‐Sánchez M, Heredia ML, Granados EL, Lorda‐Sanchez I, Lozano ML, Luque J, Madrigal I, García CM, Mansilla E, Marco‐Marín C, Marfany G, Marina A, Martí R, Martí S, Martin Y, Martín MA, Martín‐Hernandez E, Martin‐Merida I, Martínez R, Martínez‐Azorín F, Martinez‐Delgado B, Martínez‐Gil N, Martínez‐Glez VM, Martínez‐Momblán MA, Martínez‐Romero MC, Fernández PM, Santamaría LM, Martorell L, Meade P, Meana Á, Medina MÁ, Mendes I, Méndez‐Vidal C, Millán JM, Minguez P, Minguillón J, Mirra S, Molla B, Moltó E, Montero R, Montoliu L, Montoya J, Morán M, Moren C, Moreno M, Moreno JC, Moreno‐Galdó A, Moreno‐Pelayo MÁ, Mori MA, Morin M, Morte B, Mulero V, Muñoz‐Pujol G, Murillas R, Murillo‐Cuesta S, Nascimento A, Navarro S, Navas P, Nevado J, Nicolas A, Nieto MÁ, O’Callaghan M, Olavarrieta L, Ormazabal A, Ortiz‐Romero P, Osorio A, Páez D, Palacín M, Palacios‐Verdú MG, Palau F, Palencia‐Campos A, Pallardó FV, Palomares M, Peña‐Chilet M, Pérez B, Perez‐Florido J, Pérez‐García D, Perez‐Jimenez E, Pérez‐Jurado LA, Perkins JR, Perona R, Pie J, Pinós T, Pinto S, Potrony M, Puig S, Puig‐Butille JA, Puisac B, Pujol R, Pujol A, Quintana Ó, Rabionet R, Ramos FJ, Ranea JAG, Reina‐Castillón J, Resmini E, Ribes A, Rica I, Richard E, Riera P, Río P, Riveiro‐Alvarez R, Rivera J, Rivera‐Barahona A, Robledo M, Rodriguez‐Aguilera JC, Rosa LR, Rodríguez‐Palmero A, Rodriguez‐Pombo P, Rodriguez‐Revenga L, Rodríguez‐Santiago B, Rodríguez‐Sureda V, Alba MR, Cordoba SR, Romá‐Mateo C, Rubio V, Ruiz Á, Ruiz M, Ruiz‐Arenas C, Ruiz‐Perez VL, Ruiz‐Pesini E, Ruiz‐Ponte C, Rullo J, Sabater L, Salazar J, Salido E, Sanchez‐Jimeno C, Cuesta AMS, Soler MJS, Santacatterina F, Santamarina M, Santos A, Santos‐Ocaña C, Simarro FS, Sanz P, Sastre L, Schlüter A, Segovia JC, Segura‐Puimedon M, Seoane P, Serra‐Juhe C, Serrano M, Serratosa JM, Sevilla T, Surrallés J, Tahsin‐Swafiri S, Tell‐Martí G, Tenorio‐Castaño JA, Tizzano E, Tobias E, Tort F, Trujillano L, Trujillo‐Tiebas MJ, Ugalde C, Ugarteburu O, Urreizti R, Urrutia I, Valencia M, Vallcorba P, Vallespín E, Varela‐Nieto I, Vega A, Vélez‐Santamaria V, Vílchez JJ, Villa O, Villamar M, Webb SM, Zubeldia JM, Zurita O. CIBERER: Spanish National Network for Research on Rare Diseases: a highly productive collaborative initiative. Clin Genet 2022; 101:481-493. [PMID: 35060122 PMCID: PMC9305285 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low‐prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15‐year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luque
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Ingrid Mendes
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Beatriz Gómez
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Beatriz Morte
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Miguel López Heredia
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Enrique Herreras
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Virginia Corrochano
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Juan Bueren
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS‐FJD), Madrid Spain
| | - Pía Gallano
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Genetics Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona Spain
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Luis A. Pérez‐Jurado
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Spain
- Genetics Service, Hospital del Mar Barcelona Spain
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona Spain
| | - Lluis Montoliu
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB‐CSIC), Madrid Spain
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica (SERGAS), IDIS Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - José M. Millán
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe Valencia Spain
- Biomedicina Molecular Celular y Genómica, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria La Fe Valencia Spain
| | - Susan M. Webb
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Hospital S Pau, Dept Medicine/Endocrinology, IIB‐Sant Pau, Research Center for Pituitary Diseases Barcelona Spain
- Departamento de Medicina Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Francesc Palau
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu Barcelona Spain
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine ‐ IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Medicine & Dermatology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona Spain
- Division of Pediatrics University of Barcelona School of Medicine Barcelona Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
- INGEMM‐Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid Spain
- ERN‐ITHACA
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Abdelnour SA, Xie L, Hassanin AA, Zuo E, Lu Y. The Potential of CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing as a Treatment Strategy for Inherited Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:699597. [PMID: 34977000 PMCID: PMC8715006 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.699597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is a promising innovative technology for genomic editing that offers scientists the chance to edit DNA structures and change gene function. It has several possible uses consisting of editing inherited deficiencies, treating, and reducing the spread of disorders. Recently, reports have demonstrated the creation of synthetic RNA molecules and supplying them alongside Cas9 into genome of eukaryotes, since distinct specific regions of the genome can be manipulated and targeted. The therapeutic potential of CRISPR/Cas9 technology is great, especially in gene therapy, in which a patient-specific mutation is genetically edited, or in the treating of human disorders that are untreatable with traditional treatments. This review focused on numerous, in vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo uses of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology in human inherited diseases, discovering the capability of this versatile in medicine and examining some of the main limitations for its upcoming use in patients. In addition to introducing a brief impression of the biology of the CRISPR/Cas9 scheme and its mechanisms, we presented the utmost recent progress in the uses of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in editing and treating of human genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A Abdelnour
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.,Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Long Xie
- Center for Animal Genomics, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Abdallah A Hassanin
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Erwei Zuo
- Center for Animal Genomics, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yangqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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du Rand A, Hunt JMT, Feisst V, Sheppard HM. Epidermolysis Bullosa: A Review of the Tissue-Engineered Skin Substitutes Used to Treat Wounds. Mol Diagn Ther 2022; 26:627-643. [PMID: 36251245 PMCID: PMC9626425 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Skin wound healing is a crucial process for regenerating healthy skin and avoiding the undesired consequences associated with open skin wounds. For epidermolysis bullosa (EB), a debilitating group of fragile skin disorders currently without a cure, skin blistering can often be severe and heal poorly, increasing susceptibility to life-threatening complications. To prevent these, investigational therapies have been exploring the use of tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESSs) aimed at replacing damaged skin and promoting long-term wound closure. These products have either been developed in house or commercially sourced and are composed of allogeneic or autologous human skin cells, often with some form of bioscaffolding. They can be broadly classified based on their cellular composition: keratinocytes (epidermal substitutes), fibroblasts (dermal substitutes) or a combination of both (composite substitutes). Encouraging long-term wound healing has been achieved with epidermal substitutes. However, these substitutes have not demonstrated the same efficacy for all patients, which may be due to the molecular heterogeneity observed between EB subtypes. Autologous composite TESSs, which more closely resemble native human skin, are therefore being investigated and may hold promise for treating an extended range of patients. Additionally, future TESSs for EB are focused on using gene-corrected patient skin cells, which have already demonstrated remarkable long-term wound healing capabilities. In this review, we provide an overview of the different TESSs that have been investigated in clinical studies to treat patients with EB, as well as their long-term wound healing results. Where available, we describe the methods used to develop these products to inform future efforts in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex du Rand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - John M. T. Hunt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vaughan Feisst
- The School of Biological Sciences (SBS), University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010 New Zealand
| | - Hilary M. Sheppard
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Subramaniam KS, Antoniou MN, McGrath JA, Lwin SM. The potential of gene therapy for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:609-619. [PMID: 34862606 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) encompasses a heterogeneous group of inherited skin fragility disorders with mutations in genes encoding the basement membrane zone (BMZ) proteins that normally ensure dermal-epidermal integrity. Of the four main EB types, recessive dystrophic EB (RDEB), especially the severe variant, represents one of the most debilitating clinical entities with recurrent mucocutaneous blistering and ulceration leading to chronic wounds, infections, inflammation, scarring and ultimately cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, which leads to premature death. Improved understanding of the molecular genetics of EB over the past three decades and advances in biotechnology has led to rapid progress in developing gene and cell-based regenerative therapies for EB. In particular, RDEB is at the vanguard of advances in human clinical trials of advanced therapeutics. Furthermore, the past decade has witnessed the emergence of a real collective, global effort involving academia and industry, supported by international EB patient organisations such as the Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa Research Association (DEBRA), amongst others, to develop clinically relevant and marketable targeted therapeutics for EB. Thus, there is an increasing need for the practising dermatologist to become familiar with the concept of gene therapy, fundamental differences between various approaches and their human applications. This review explains the principles of different approaches of gene therapy; summarises its journey and discusses its current and future impact in RDEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Subramaniam
- Genetic Skin Diseases Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - M N Antoniou
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - J A McGrath
- Genetic Skin Diseases Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - S M Lwin
- Genetic Skin Diseases Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
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Smits JP, Meesters LD, Maste BG, Zhou H, Zeeuwen PL, van den Bogaard EH. CRISPR-Cas9 based genomic engineering in keratinocytes: from technology to application. JID Innovations 2021; 2:100082. [PMID: 35146483 PMCID: PMC8819031 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2021.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jos P.H. Smits
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luca D. Meesters
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Berber G.W. Maste
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Huiqing Zhou
- Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick L.J.M. Zeeuwen
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen H. van den Bogaard
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: Ellen H. van den Bogaard, Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Rene Descartesdreef 1, Nijmegen 6525 GL, The Netherlands.
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Wang X, Alshehri F, Manzanares D, Li Y, He Z, Qiu B, Zeng M, A S, Lara-Sáez I, Wang W. Development of Minicircle Vectors Encoding COL7A1 Gene with Human Promoters for Non-Viral Gene Therapy for Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312774. [PMID: 34884578 PMCID: PMC8657908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare autosomal inherited skin disorder caused by mutations in the COL7A1 gene that encodes type VII collagen (C7). The development of an efficient gene replacement strategy for RDEB is mainly hindered by the lack of vectors able to encapsulate and transfect the large cDNA size of this gene. To address this problem, our group has opted to use polymeric-based non-viral delivery systems and minicircle DNA. With this approach, safety is improved by avoiding the usage of viruses, the absence of bacterial backbone, and the replacement of the control viral cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter of the gene with human promoters. All the promoters showed impressive C7 expression in RDEB skin cells, with eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 α (EF1α) promoter producing higher C7 expression levels than CMV following minicircle induction, and COL7A1 tissue-specific promoter (C7P) generating C7 levels similar to normal human epidermal keratinocytes. The improved system developed here has a high potential for use as a non-viral topical treatment to restore C7 in RDEB patients efficiently and safely, and to be adapted to other genetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqing Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (X.W.); (D.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (B.Q.); (M.Z.); (S.A.)
| | - Fatma Alshehri
- College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Darío Manzanares
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (X.W.); (D.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (B.Q.); (M.Z.); (S.A.)
| | - Yinghao Li
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (X.W.); (D.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (B.Q.); (M.Z.); (S.A.)
| | - Zhonglei He
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (X.W.); (D.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (B.Q.); (M.Z.); (S.A.)
| | - Bei Qiu
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (X.W.); (D.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (B.Q.); (M.Z.); (S.A.)
| | - Ming Zeng
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (X.W.); (D.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (B.Q.); (M.Z.); (S.A.)
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Sigen A
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (X.W.); (D.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (B.Q.); (M.Z.); (S.A.)
| | - Irene Lara-Sáez
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (X.W.); (D.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (B.Q.); (M.Z.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: (I.L.-S.); (W.W.)
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (X.W.); (D.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (B.Q.); (M.Z.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: (I.L.-S.); (W.W.)
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32
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Dilip Kumar S, Aashabharathi M, KarthigaDevi G, Subbaiya R, Saravanan M. Insights of CRISPR-Cas systems in stem cells: progress in regenerative medicine. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:657-673. [PMID: 34687393 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06832-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine, a therapeutic approach using stem cells, aims to rejuvenate and restore the normalized function of the cells, tissues, and organs that are injured, malfunctioning, and afflicted. This influential technology reaches its zenith when it is integrated with the CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR associated) technology of genome editing. This tool acts as a programmable restriction enzyme system, which targets DNA as well as RNA and gets redeployed for the customization of DNA/RNA sequences. The dynamic behaviour of nuclear manipulation and transcriptional regulation by CRISPR-Cas technology renders it with numerous employment in the field of biologics and research. Here, the possible impact of the commonly practiced CRISPR-Cas systems in regenerative medicines is being reviewed. Primarily, the discussion of the working mechanism of this system and the fate of stem cells will be scrutinized. A detailed description of the CRISPR based regenerative therapeutic approaches for a horde of diseases like genetic disorders, neural diseases, and blood-related diseases is elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Dilip Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602 117, India
| | - Manimaran Aashabharathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chembarambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 123, India
| | - Guruviah KarthigaDevi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602 117, India
| | - Ramasamy Subbaiya
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Copperbelt University, Riverside, Jambo Drive, P.O Box. 21692, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - Muthupandian Saravanan
- AMR and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 077, India.
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33
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Søgaard PP, Lind M, Christiansen CR, Petersson K, Clauss A, Caffarel-Salvador E. Future Perspectives of Oral Delivery of Next Generation Therapies for Treatment of Skin Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1722. [PMID: 34684016 PMCID: PMC8537019 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapies have conspicuously bloomed in recent years as evidenced by the increasing number of cell-, gene-, and oligo-based approved therapies. These therapies hold great promise for dermatological disorders with high unmet need, for example, epidermolysis bullosa or pachyonychia congenita. Furthermore, the recent clinical success of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) for genome editing in humans will undoubtedly contribute to defining a new wave of therapies. Like biologics, naked nucleic acids are denatured inside the gastrointestinal tract and need to be administered via injections. For a treatment to be effective, a sufficient amount of a given regimen needs to reach systemic circulation. Multiple companies are racing to develop novel oral drug delivery approaches to circumvent the proteolytic and acidic milieu of the gastrointestinal tract. In this review, we provide an overview of the evolution of the gene therapy landscape, with a deep focus on gene and oligonucleotide therapies in clinical trials aimed at treating skin diseases. We then examine the progress made in drug delivery, with particular attention on the peptide field and drug-device combinations that deliver macromolecules into the gastrointestinal tract. Such novel devices could potentially be applied to administer other therapeutics including genes and CRISPR-based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Pernille Søgaard
- Regenerative Medicine Department, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, 2750 Ballerup, Denmark; (P.P.S.); (C.R.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Marianne Lind
- Explorative Formulation and Technologies, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, 2750 Ballerup, Denmark; (M.L.); (K.P.)
| | | | - Karsten Petersson
- Explorative Formulation and Technologies, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, 2750 Ballerup, Denmark; (M.L.); (K.P.)
| | - Adam Clauss
- Regenerative Medicine Department, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, 2750 Ballerup, Denmark; (P.P.S.); (C.R.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Ester Caffarel-Salvador
- Regenerative Medicine Department, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, 2750 Ballerup, Denmark; (P.P.S.); (C.R.C.); (A.C.)
- LEO Science & Tech Hub, One Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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34
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Fañanas-Baquero S, Quintana-Bustamante O, Dever DP, Alberquilla O, Sanchez-Dominguez R, Camarena J, Ojeda-Perez I, Dessy-Rodriguez M, Turk R, Schubert MS, Lattanzi A, Xu L, Lopez-Lorenzo JL, Bianchi P, Bueren JA, Behlke MA, Porteus M, Segovia JC. Clinically relevant gene editing in hematopoietic stem cells for the treatment of pyruvate kinase deficiency. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 22:237-48. [PMID: 34485608 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD), an autosomal-recessive disorder, is the main cause of chronic non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia. PKD is caused by mutations in the pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cell (PKLR) gene, which encodes for the erythroid pyruvate kinase protein (RPK). RPK is implicated in the last step of anaerobic glycolysis in red blood cells (RBCs), responsible for the maintenance of normal erythrocyte ATP levels. The only curative treatment for PKD is allogeneic hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) transplant, associated with a significant morbidity and mortality, especially relevant in PKD patients. Here, we address the correction of PKD through precise gene editing at the PKLR endogenous locus to keep the tight regulation of RPK enzyme during erythropoiesis. We combined CRISPR-Cas9 system and donor recombinant adeno-associated vector (rAAV) delivery to build an efficient, safe, and clinically applicable system to knock in therapeutic sequences at the translation start site of the RPK isoform in human hematopoietic progenitors. Edited human hematopoietic progenitors efficiently reconstituted human hematopoiesis in primary and secondary immunodeficient mice. Erythroid cells derived from edited PKD-HSPCs recovered normal ATP levels, demonstrating the restoration of RPK function in PKD erythropoiesis after gene editing. Our gene-editing strategy may represent a lifelong therapy to correct RPK functionality in RBCs for PKD patients.
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35
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Kocher T, Bischof J, Haas SA, March OP, Liemberger B, Hainzl S, Illmer J, Hoog A, Muigg K, Binder HM, Klausegger A, Strunk D, Bauer JW, Cathomen T, Koller U. A non-viral and selection-free COL7A1 HDR approach with improved safety profile for dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2021; 25:237-250. [PMID: 34458008 PMCID: PMC8368800 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gene editing via homology-directed repair (HDR) currently comprises the best strategy to obtain perfect corrections for pathogenic mutations of monogenic diseases, such as the severe recessive dystrophic form of the blistering skin disease epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). Limitations of this strategy, in particular low efficiencies and off-target effects, hinder progress toward clinical applications. However, the severity of RDEB necessitates the development of efficient and safe gene-editing therapies based on perfect repair. To this end, we sought to assess the corrective efficiencies following optimal Cas9 nuclease and nickase-based COL7A1-targeting strategies in combination with single- or double-stranded donor templates for HDR at the COL7A1 mutation site. We achieved HDR-mediated correction efficiencies of up to 21% and 10% in primary RDEB keratinocytes and fibroblasts, respectively, as analyzed by next-generation sequencing, leading to full-length type VII collagen restoration and accurate deposition within engineered three-dimensional (3D) skin equivalents (SEs). Extensive on- and off-target analyses confirmed that the combined treatment of paired nicking and single-stranded oligonucleotides constituted a highly efficient COL7A1-editing strategy, associated with a significantly improved safety profile. Our findings, therefore, represent a further advancement in the field of traceless genome editing for genodermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kocher
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johannes Bischof
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Simone Alexandra Haas
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Patrick March
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernadette Liemberger
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefan Hainzl
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Julia Illmer
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anna Hoog
- Cell Therapy Institute, SCI-TReCS, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Katharina Muigg
- Cell Therapy Institute, SCI-TReCS, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Heide-Marie Binder
- Cell Therapy Institute, SCI-TReCS, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Alfred Klausegger
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Dirk Strunk
- Cell Therapy Institute, SCI-TReCS, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johann Wolfgang Bauer
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Koller
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Corresponding author Ulrich Koller, EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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36
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Warshauer EM, Brown A, Fuentes I, Shortt J, Gignoux C, Montinaro F, Metspalu M, Youssefian L, Vahidnezhad H, Jacków J, Christiano AM, Uitto J, Fajardo-Ramírez ÓR, Salas-Alanis JC, McGrath JA, Consuegra L, Rivera C, Maier PA, Runfeldt G, Behar DM, Skorecki K, Sprecher E, Palisson F, Norris DA, Bruckner AL, Kogut I, Bilousova G, Roop DR. Ancestral patterns of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa mutations in Hispanic populations suggest sephardic ancestry. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:3390-3400. [PMID: 34435747 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare genodermatosis caused by mutations in the gene coding for type VII collagen (COL7A1). More than 800 different pathogenic mutations in COL7A1 have been described to date; however, the ancestral origins of many of these mutations have not been precisely identified. In this study, 32 RDEB patient samples from the Southwestern United States, Mexico, Chile, and Colombia carrying common mutations in the COL7A1 gene were investigated to determine the origins of these mutations and the extent to which shared ancestry contributes to disease prevalence. The results demonstrate both shared European and American origins of RDEB mutations in distinct populations in the Americas and suggest the influence of Sephardic ancestry in at least some RDEB mutations of European origins. Knowledge of ancestry and relatedness among RDEB patient populations will be crucial for the development of future clinical trials and the advancement of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Mira Warshauer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Adam Brown
- Avotaynu Research Partnership LLC, Englewood, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ignacia Fuentes
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.,Fundación DEBRA Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jonathan Shortt
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Chris Gignoux
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Francesco Montinaro
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Biology and Genetics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Mait Metspalu
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leila Youssefian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hassan Vahidnezhad
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joanna Jacków
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
| | - Angela M Christiano
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Óscar R Fajardo-Ramírez
- DEBRA Mexico, Azteca Guadalupe, Mexico.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Julio C Salas-Alanis
- DEBRA Mexico, Azteca Guadalupe, Mexico.,Instituto Dermatologico de Jalisco, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - John A McGrath
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
| | | | - Carolina Rivera
- Fundación DEBRA Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.,Department of Medical Genetics, Pediatric Hospital, Fundacion Cardioinfantil-Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paul A Maier
- Gene by Gene, Genomic Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Goran Runfeldt
- Gene by Gene, Genomic Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Doron M Behar
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Gene by Gene, Genomic Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Karl Skorecki
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine of the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Francis Palisson
- Fundación DEBRA Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - David A Norris
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anna L Bruckner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Igor Kogut
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ganna Bilousova
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Dennis R Roop
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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37
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O'Keeffe Ahern J, Lara-Sáez I, Zhou D, Murillas R, Bonafont J, Mencía Á, García M, Manzanares D, Lynch J, Foley R, Xu Q, Sigen A, Larcher F, Wang W. Non-viral delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 complexes for targeted gene editing via a polymer delivery system. Gene Ther 2021; 29:157-170. [PMID: 34363036 PMCID: PMC9013665 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-021-00282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular biology have led to the CRISPR revolution, but the lack of an efficient and safe delivery system into cells and tissues continues to hinder clinical translation of CRISPR approaches. Polymeric vectors offer an attractive alternative to viruses as delivery vectors due to their large packaging capacity and safety profile. In this paper, we have demonstrated the potential use of a highly branched poly(β-amino ester) polymer, HPAE-EB, to enable genomic editing via CRISPRCas9-targeted genomic excision of exon 80 in the COL7A1 gene, through a dual-guide RNA sequence system. The biophysical properties of HPAE-EB were screened in a human embryonic 293 cell line (HEK293), to elucidate optimal conditions for efficient and cytocompatible delivery of a DNA construct encoding Cas9 along with two RNA guides, obtaining 15–20% target genomic excision. When translated to human recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) keratinocytes, transfection efficiency and targeted genomic excision dropped. However, upon delivery of CRISPR–Cas9 as a ribonucleoprotein complex, targeted genomic deletion of exon 80 was increased to over 40%. Our study provides renewed perspective for the further development of polymer delivery systems for application in the gene editing field in general, and specifically for the treatment of RDEB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Lara-Sáez
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
| | - Dezhong Zhou
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Rodolfo Murillas
- Epithelial Biomedicine Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de la Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Bonafont
- Epithelial Biomedicine Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de la Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Mencía
- Epithelial Biomedicine Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de la Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Bioengineering Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío Manzanares
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Jennifer Lynch
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Ruth Foley
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Qian Xu
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - A Sigen
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Fernando Larcher
- Epithelial Biomedicine Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de la Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Bioengineering Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
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38
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Jayarajan V, Kounatidou E, Qasim W, Di W. Ex vivo gene modification therapy for genetic skin diseases-recent advances in gene modification technologies and delivery. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:887-896. [PMID: 33657662 PMCID: PMC8432139 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Genetic skin diseases, also known as genodermatoses, are inherited disorders affecting skin and constitute a large and heterogeneous group of diseases. While genodermatoses are rare with the prevalence rate of less than 1 in 50,000 - 200,000, they frequently occur at birth or early in life and are generally chronic, severe, and could be life-threatening. The quality of life of patients and their families are severely compromised by the negative psychosocial impact of disease, physical manifestations, and the lack or loss of autonomy. Currently, there are no curative treatments for these conditions. Ex vivo gene modification therapy that involves modification or correction of mutant genes in patients' cells in vitro and then transplanted back to patients to restore functional gene expression has being developed for genodermatoses. In this review, the ex vivo gene modification therapy strategies for genodermatoses are reviewed, focusing on current advances in gene modification and correction in patients' cells and delivery of genetically modified cells to patients with discussions on gene therapy trials which have been performed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Jayarajan
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, Immunobiology SectionUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
| | - Evangelia Kounatidou
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, Immunobiology SectionUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
| | - Waseem Qasim
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, Molecular and Cellular Immunology SectionUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
| | - Wei‐Li Di
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, Immunobiology SectionUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
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39
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Larose AE, Dakiw-Piaceski A, Barbier MA, Larouche D, Gauvin R, Caruso M, Pope E, Germain L. Peel Test to Assess the Adhesion Strength of the Dermal-Epidermal Junction in Tissue-Engineered Skin. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 26:180-189. [PMID: 32085694 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2019.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Innovative therapies combining gene-corrected stem cells and the production of bioengineered tissues to treat epidermolysis bullosa are emerging. However, quantitative tests to measure the adhesion forces between two highly viscoelastic substrates such as those found in bilayered bioengineered skin are needed and are still lacking. The objective of this study was to develop a mechanical test to measure the dermal-epidermal adhesion strength of our bilayered tissue-engineered skin substitute (TES) produced with the self-assembly method. We developed a peel test, which allows the displacement of both skin layers in a T configuration, based on the ASTM International standard. A MATLAB program was written to process and analyze raw data. The experimental setup was tested by measuring the dermal-epidermal adhesion strength in TESs produced with normal or collagen VII-deficient cells. Our peel testing method allowed us to detect the impact of the absence of collagen VII in the dermal-epidermal adhesion strength of TESs and also to examine the progression of the dermal-epidermal adhesion strength in relation to culture time in normal TES. Impact statement This study describes a method for assessing the adhesion strength at the dermal-epidermal junction of individual tissue-engineered skin substitute (TES). An ASTM standardized protocol of peel testing was designed to measure this important mechanical property. Our innovative approach will serve as a quality control in the production, improvement, and application of TESs for the treatment of pathologies affecting the dermal-epidermal adhesion such as epidermolysis bullosa. Data presented contribute to research on the interfaces between biological substrates and provide a reference factor for the characterization of products derived from tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex E Larose
- CHU of Québec-Laval University Research Center and Center of Research in Experimental Organogenesis of Laval University/LOEX, Québec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Angela Dakiw-Piaceski
- CHU of Québec-Laval University Research Center and Center of Research in Experimental Organogenesis of Laval University/LOEX, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin A Barbier
- CHU of Québec-Laval University Research Center and Center of Research in Experimental Organogenesis of Laval University/LOEX, Québec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Danielle Larouche
- CHU of Québec-Laval University Research Center and Center of Research in Experimental Organogenesis of Laval University/LOEX, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Gauvin
- CHU of Québec-Laval University Research Center and Center of Research in Experimental Organogenesis of Laval University/LOEX, Québec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Manuel Caruso
- CHU of Québec-Laval University Research Center and Center of Research in Experimental Organogenesis of Laval University/LOEX, Québec, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Elena Pope
- Paediatric Dermatology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- CHU of Québec-Laval University Research Center and Center of Research in Experimental Organogenesis of Laval University/LOEX, Québec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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40
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Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare genetic disorders for which significant progress has been achieved in the development of molecular therapies in the last few decades. Such therapies require knowledge of mutant genes and specific mutations, some of them being allele specific. A relatively large number of clinical trials are ongoing and ascertaining the clinical efficacy of gene, protein or cell therapies or of repurposed drugs, mainly in recessive dystrophic EB. It is expected that some new drugs may emerge in the near future and that combinations of different approaches may result in improved treatment outcomes for individuals with EB.
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41
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Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a genodermatosis, characterized by the formation of extended blisters and lesions on the skin and mucous membranes upon minimal mechanical trauma. The disease is caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins that are essential for skin stability. Functional impairment, reduction, or absence of one of these proteins results in skin fragility due to reduced connectivity between dermis and epidermis. Currently, gene therapy represents the only treatment option with the potential to cure this severe blistering skin disease. Two promising forms of gene therapy are potentially feasible for EB: gene replacement and genome editing. While genome editing for genodermatoses remains at the preclinical stage, gene replacement approaches are clinically advanced and have been applied already to a small number of patients with junctional and dystrophic forms of EB. Here, the viral transduction of the “wild-type” transgene into skin stem cells, followed by autologous grafting of corrected epidermal sheets, led to the regeneration of stable skin. Recent developments regarding designer nuclease-based gene editing strategies enable the establishment of alternative options to restore the gene function in genodermatoses. This is particularly true in cases wherein genetic constellation hinders gene therapy-based gene replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Koller
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johann W Bauer
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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42
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Bonafont J, Mencía A, Chacón-Solano E, Srifa W, Vaidyanathan S, Romano R, Garcia M, Hervás-Salcedo R, Ugalde L, Duarte B, Porteus MH, Del Rio M, Larcher F, Murillas R. Correction of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa by homology-directed repair-mediated genome editing. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2008-2018. [PMID: 33609734 PMCID: PMC8178438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-editing technologies that enable the introduction of precise changes in DNA sequences have the potential to lead to a new class of treatments for genetic diseases. Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by extreme skin fragility. The recessive dystrophic subtype of EB (RDEB), which has one of the most severe phenotypes, is caused by mutations in COL7A1. In this study, we report a gene-editing approach for ex vivo homology-directed repair (HDR)-based gene correction that uses the CRISPR-Cas9 system delivered as a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex in combination with donor DNA templates delivered by adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs). We demonstrate sufficient mutation correction frequencies to achieve therapeutic benefit in primary RDEB keratinocytes containing different COL7A1 mutations as well as efficient HDR-mediated COL7A1 modification in healthy cord blood-derived CD34+ cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These results are a proof of concept for HDR-mediated gene correction in different cell types with therapeutic potential for RDEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Bonafont
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carlos III University (UC3M), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles Mencía
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; Epithelial Biomedicine Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteban Chacón-Solano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carlos III University (UC3M), Madrid, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wai Srifa
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Rosa Romano
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marta Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carlos III University (UC3M), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Hervás-Salcedo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ugalde
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Duarte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; Epithelial Biomedicine Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthew H Porteus
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marcela Del Rio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carlos III University (UC3M), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; Epithelial Biomedicine Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Larcher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carlos III University (UC3M), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; Epithelial Biomedicine Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rodolfo Murillas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; Epithelial Biomedicine Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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43
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Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa represents a monogenetic disease comprising a variety of heterogeneous mutations in at least 16 genes encoding structural proteins crucial for skin integrity. Due to well-defined mutations but still lacking causal treatment options for the disease, epidermolysis bullosa represents an ideal candidate for gene therapeutic interventions. Recent developments and improvements in the genome editing field have paved the way for the translation of various gene repair strategies into the clinic. With the ability to accurately predict and monitor targeting events within the human genome, the translation might soon be possible. Here, we describe current advancements in the genome editing field for epidermolysis bullosa, along with a discussion of aspects and strategies for precise and personalized gene editing-based medicine, in order to develop efficient and safe ex vivo as well as in vivo genome editing therapies for epidermolysis bullosa patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kocher
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ulrich Koller
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
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44
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Naso G, Petrova A. Cellular therapy options for genetic skin disorders with a focus on recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Br Med Bull 2020; 136:30-45. [PMID: 32888294 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Combinatorial cell and gene therapies for life-threatening inherited skin disorders have shown tremendous potential for preclinical and clinical implementation with significant progress made for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). To date, various cell lineages including resident skin cells and adult stem cells have been investigated for gene and cell therapy for RDEB reaching the clinical trial stage. SOURCES OF DATA Sources of data are key recent literature, ClinicalTrials.gov, Clinicaltrialsregister.eu and pharma press releases. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Cell-based gene transfer using autologous patients' cells has demonstrated positive outcomes in preclinical and clinical trials and highlighted the importance of targeting resident skin stem cells to achieve a meaningful long-term effect. Additionally, adult stem cells, such as mesenchymal stromal cells, have the potential to ameliorate systemic manifestations of the disease. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY While proven safe, the clinical trials of localized treatment have reported only modest and transient improvements. On the other hand, the risks associated with systemic therapies remain high and should be carefully weighed against the potential benefits. It is unclear to what extent adult stem cells can contribute to skin regeneration/wound healing. GROWING POINTS Further research is warranted in order to fulfil the potential of cellular therapies for RDEB. The development of combinatorial gene and cell-based approaches is required to achieve long-term clinical benefits. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH Induced pluripotent stem cells can potentially provide a valuable source of autologous patient material for cellular therapies. In addition, recent advances in the field of gene editing can overcome hurdles associated with conventional gene addition approaches. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT No new data were generated or analysed in support of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Naso
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Anastasia Petrova
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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45
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Titeux M, Bonnet des Claustres M, Izmiryan A, Ragot H, Hovnanian A. Emerging drugs for the treatment of epidermolysis bullosa. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2020; 25:467-489. [DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2020.1839049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Titeux
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Araksya Izmiryan
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Helene Ragot
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Départment de Génétique, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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46
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López-Manzaneda S, Ojeda-Pérez I, Zabaleta N, García-Torralba A, Alberquilla O, Torres R, Sánchez-Domínguez R, Torella L, Olivier E, Mountford J, Ramírez JC, Bueren JA, González-Aseguinolaza G, Segovia JC. In Vitro and In Vivo Genetic Disease Modeling via NHEJ-Precise Deletions Using CRISPR-Cas9. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2020; 19:426-437. [PMID: 33294491 PMCID: PMC7683234 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The development of advanced gene and cell therapies for the treatment of genetic diseases requires reliable animal and cellular models to test their efficacy. Moreover, the availability of the target human primary cells of these therapies is reduced in many diseases. The development of endonucleases that can cut into specific sites of the cell genome, as well as the repair of the generated break by non-homologous end-joining, results in a variety of outcomes, insertions, deletions, and inversions that can induce the disruption of any specific gene. Among the many methods that have been developed for gene editing, CRISPR-Cas9 technology has become one of the most widely used endonuclease tools due to its easy design and its low cost. It has also been reported that the use of two guides, instead of just the one required, reduces the outcomes of non-homologous end joining mainly to the precise genomic sequences between the cutting sites of the guides used. We have explored this strategy to generate useful cellular and animal models. Different distances between the two guides have been tested (from 8 to 500 bp apart), and using the optimal range of 30–60 bp we have obtained a human primary cellular model of a genetic disease, pyruvate kinase deficiency, where the availability of the target cells is limited. We have also generated an in vivo model of glycolate oxidase (GO) deficiency, which is an enzyme involved in the glyoxylate metabolism following the same strategy. We demonstrate that the use of two-guide CRISPR-Cas9-induced non-homologous end joining is a feasible and useful tool for disease modeling, and it is most relevant to those diseases in which it is difficult to get the cells that will be genetically manipulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio López-Manzaneda
- Cell Differentiation and Cytometry Unit. Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Mixta de Terapias Avanzadas. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Ojeda-Pérez
- Cell Differentiation and Cytometry Unit. Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Mixta de Terapias Avanzadas. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Aída García-Torralba
- Cell Differentiation and Cytometry Unit. Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Mixta de Terapias Avanzadas. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Omaira Alberquilla
- Cell Differentiation and Cytometry Unit. Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Mixta de Terapias Avanzadas. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Torres
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre-CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Sánchez-Domínguez
- Cell Differentiation and Cytometry Unit. Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Mixta de Terapias Avanzadas. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Emmanuel Olivier
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service and ICAMS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanne Mountford
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service and ICAMS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Juan A Bueren
- Unidad Mixta de Terapias Avanzadas. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jose-Carlos Segovia
- Cell Differentiation and Cytometry Unit. Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Mixta de Terapias Avanzadas. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
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47
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Prodinger C, Bauer JW, Laimer M. Translational perspectives to treat Epidermolysis bullosa-Where do we stand? Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:1112-1122. [PMID: 33043517 PMCID: PMC7756480 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is the prototypical example of genetic skin fragility disorders. Genotypic heterogeneity, modifier genes, epigenetic, biochemical and environmental factors alter and determine pathogenic traits and, ultimately, the wide and striking phenotypic variability in EB. Besides the primary structural-functional defect, chronic tissue damage with induction and dysregulation of inflammatory pathways is a common pathogenic mechanism in EB. In localized variants, the inflammatory aberrations may mainly affect the micromilieu of lesional skin, while a systemic inflammatory response was shown to contribute to the systemic morbidity in severe EB subtypes with extensive cutaneous involvement. Our continued understanding of the pathophysiology of EB, as well as advances in molecular technologies, has paved the way for translational therapeutic approaches. The spectrum comprises of corrective and symptom-relieving therapies that include innovative therapeutic options garnered from the bench, repurposed drugs approved for other diseases, as well as strategies for gene-, protein- and cell-based therapies. Immunological traits further define new targets of therapy, aimed at improving skin barrier restoration, microbial surveillance and infection control, wound healing and anti-neoplastic effects. Clinical availability and feasibility of these approaches for all EB patients and subtypes are currently limited, reflecting issues of efficacy, specificity, tolerability and safety. A multistep targeting approach and highly individualized, risk-stratified combinatory treatment plans will thus be essential for sustained efficacy and improved overall quality of life in EB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Prodinger
- Department of Dermatology and AllergologyUniversity Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Johann W Bauer
- Department of Dermatology and AllergologyUniversity Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Martin Laimer
- Department of Dermatology and AllergologyUniversity Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
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48
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Abstract
The discovery of the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) system has revolutionized gene editing research. Through the repurposing of programmable RNA-guided CRISPR-associated (Cas) nucleases, CRISPR-based genome editing systems allow for the precise modification of specific sites in the human genome and inspire novel approaches for the study and treatment of inherited and acquired human diseases. Here, we review how CRISPR technologies have stimulated key advances in dermatologic research. We discuss the role of CRISPR in genome editing for cutaneous disease and highlight studies on the use of CRISPR-Cas technologies for genodermatoses, cutaneous viruses and bacteria, and melanoma. Additionally, we examine key limitations of current CRISPR technologies, including the challenges these limitations pose for the widespread therapeutic application of CRISPR-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Baker
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Matthew S Hayden
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.,Section of Dermatology, Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, 03766, USA
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49
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Martinez-Lage M, Torres-Ruiz R, Puig-Serra P, Moreno-Gaona P, Martin MC, Moya FJ, Quintana-Bustamante O, Garcia-Silva S, Carcaboso AM, Petazzi P, Bueno C, Mora J, Peinado H, Segovia JC, Menendez P, Rodriguez-Perales S. In vivo CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of fusion oncogenes for selective elimination of cancer cells. Nat Commun 2020. [PMID: 33033246 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18875-x.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusion oncogenes (FOs) are common in many cancer types and are powerful drivers of tumor development. Because their expression is exclusive to cancer cells and their elimination induces cell apoptosis in FO-driven cancers, FOs are attractive therapeutic targets. However, specifically targeting the resulting chimeric products is challenging. Based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology, here we devise a simple, efficient and non-patient-specific gene-editing strategy through targeting of two introns of the genes involved in the rearrangement, allowing for robust disruption of the FO specifically in cancer cells. As a proof-of-concept of its potential, we demonstrate the efficacy of intron-based targeting of transcription factors or tyrosine kinase FOs in reducing tumor burden/mortality in in vivo models. The FO targeting approach presented here might open new horizons for the selective elimination of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martinez-Lage
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Torres-Ruiz
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - P Puig-Serra
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Moreno-Gaona
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Martin
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - F J Moya
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - O Quintana-Bustamante
- Differentiation and Cytometry Unit, Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Garcia-Silva
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - A M Carcaboso
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Petazzi
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Bueno
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Mora
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H Peinado
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Segovia
- Differentiation and Cytometry Unit, Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Menendez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituciò Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluis Companys, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER-ONC), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Rodriguez-Perales
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Martinez-Lage M, Torres-Ruiz R, Puig-Serra P, Moreno-Gaona P, Martin MC, Moya FJ, Quintana-Bustamante O, Garcia-Silva S, Carcaboso AM, Petazzi P, Bueno C, Mora J, Peinado H, Segovia JC, Menendez P, Rodriguez-Perales S. In vivo CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of fusion oncogenes for selective elimination of cancer cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5060. [PMID: 33033246 PMCID: PMC7544871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18875-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusion oncogenes (FOs) are common in many cancer types and are powerful drivers of tumor development. Because their expression is exclusive to cancer cells and their elimination induces cell apoptosis in FO-driven cancers, FOs are attractive therapeutic targets. However, specifically targeting the resulting chimeric products is challenging. Based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology, here we devise a simple, efficient and non-patient-specific gene-editing strategy through targeting of two introns of the genes involved in the rearrangement, allowing for robust disruption of the FO specifically in cancer cells. As a proof-of-concept of its potential, we demonstrate the efficacy of intron-based targeting of transcription factors or tyrosine kinase FOs in reducing tumor burden/mortality in in vivo models. The FO targeting approach presented here might open new horizons for the selective elimination of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martinez-Lage
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Torres-Ruiz
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - P Puig-Serra
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Moreno-Gaona
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Martin
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - F J Moya
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - O Quintana-Bustamante
- Differentiation and Cytometry Unit, Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Garcia-Silva
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - A M Carcaboso
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Petazzi
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Bueno
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Mora
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H Peinado
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Segovia
- Differentiation and Cytometry Unit, Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Menendez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituciò Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluis Companys, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER-ONC), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Rodriguez-Perales
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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