1
|
Ohnishi T, Nakamura T, Shima K, Noguchi K, Chiba N, Matsuguchi T. Periodontitis promotes the expression of gingival transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), a priming protease for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:229-236. [PMID: 35472469 PMCID: PMC9035663 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The oral cavity is one of the main entry sites for SARS-CoV-2. Gingival keratinocytes express transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), responsible for priming the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We investigated whether periodontitis increased the expression of TMPRSS2. Methods To investigate gene expression in periodontitis, we analyzed the expression of specific genes from (1) the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset of 247 human gingival tissues and (2) an experimentally-induced periodontitis mouse model. Human gingival tissues with or without periodontitis were immunohistochemically stained using an anti-TMPRSS2 antibody. Analysis of the TMPRSS2 promoter was performed using a ChIP-Atlas dataset. TMPRSS2 expression was detected in cultured human keratinocytes using quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR and Western blot analysis. Results GEO dataset analysis and an experimentally-induced periodontitis model revealed increased expression of TMPRSS2 in periodontitis gingiva. The keratinocyte cell membrane in periodontitis gingiva was strongly immunohistochemically stained for TMPRSS2. Using ChIP-Atlas and GEO datasets, we screened for transcription factors that bind to the TMPRSS2 promoter region. We found one candidate, estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), highly expressed in periodontitis gingiva. Analysis of the GEO dataset revealed a correlation between ESR1 and TMPRSS2 expression in gingival tissues. An ESR1 ligand induced TMPRSS2 expression in cultured keratinocytes. Conclusions Periodontitis increases TMPRSS2 expression in the cell membrane of gingival keratinocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Ohnishi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakamura
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Kaori Shima
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Noguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Norika Chiba
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuguchi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang X, Liao HY, Zhang HH. Roles of MET in human cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 525:69-83. [PMID: 34951962 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The MET proto-oncogene was first identified in osteosarcoma cells exposed to carcinogens. Although expressed in many normal cells, MET is overexpressed in many human cancers. MET is involved in the initiation and development of various human cancers and mediates proliferation, migration and invasion. Accordingly, MET has been successfully used as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis, survival, post-operative recurrence, risk assessment and pathologic grading, as well as a therapeutic target. In addition, recent work indicates that inhibition of MET expression and function has potential clinical benefit. This review summarizes the role, mechanism, and clinical significance of MET in the formation and development of human cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Yang Liao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yamaguchi Y, Ohshima M. Local administration of anti-hepatocyte growth factor-neutralizing antibody reverts naturally occurring periodontitis. J Oral Biosci 2021; 63:245-252. [PMID: 34303825 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory process associated with the loss of tooth-supporting tissue. The imbalance of epithelial-mesenchymal signaling is considered to drive disease progression, and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is one of the main mediators of this interaction. The aim of this study was to validate the role of HGF in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and to evaluate the effects of anti-HGF neutralizing antibodies. METHODS Gingival tissues from cynomolgus monkeys, which naturally develop severe periodontitis, were isolated to establish an in vitro periodontitis model. Periodontitis-affected monkeys were treated by gingival injection of anti-HGF neutralizing antibodies. The therapeutic effects were documented by clinical examination (probing depth and bleeding on probing), histological examination of tissue, and reevaluation of gingival fibroblasts in the in vitro model. RESULTS Periodontitis-affected monkeys contain periodontitis-associated fibroblasts (PAFs) with a pro-inflammatory phenotype that induced pronounced collagen degradation in vitro. This degradation was effectively inhibited by anti-HGF-neutralizing antibodies. Locally administered anti-HGF antibody to monkey gingiva clinically improved the severity of periodontitis. This was also reflected in the tissue histology with lower inflammatory cell infiltrates in treated gingiva than in non-treated gingiva. Moreover, fibroblasts isolated from anti-HGF-treated gingiva demonstrated reduced collagen degradation capacity. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed the central role of HGF in the pathogenesis of severe periodontitis in relevant in vitro and in vivo models. The positive effect of anti-HGF treatment provides a strong rationale for the use of anti-HGF-neutralizing antibodies for the treatment of human periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; Division of Functional Morphology, Nihon University Dental Research Center, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Ohshima
- Department of Biochemistry, Ohu University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Misumido 31-1, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yamaguchi Y, Saito A, Horie M, Aoki A, Micke P, Ohshima M, Kappert K. Targeting hepatocyte growth factor in epithelial-stromal interactions in an in vitro experimental model of human periodontitis. Odontology 2021; 109:912-20. [PMID: 34128105 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease leading to progressive connective tissue degradation and loss of the tooth-supporting bone. Clinical and experimental studies suggest that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is involved in the dysregulated fibroblast–epithelial cell interactions in periodontitis. The aim of this study was to explore effects of HGF to impact fibroblast-induced collagen degradation. A patient-derived experimental cell culture model of periodontitis was applied. Primary human epithelial cells and fibroblasts isolated from periodontitis-affected gingiva were co-cultured in a three-dimensional collagen gel. The effects of HGF neutralizing antibody on collagen gel degradation were tested and transcriptome analyses were performed. HGF neutralizing antibody attenuated collagen degradation and elicited expression changes of genes related to extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell adhesion, indicating that HGF signaling inhibition leads to extensive impact on cell–cell and cell–ECM interactions. Our study highlights a potential role of HGF in periodontitis. Antagonizing HGF signaling by a neutralizing antibody may represent a novel approach for periodontitis treatment.
Collapse
|
5
|
Parsamanesh N, Asghari A, Sardari S, Tasbandi A, Jamialahmadi T, Xu S, Sahebkar A. Resveratrol and endothelial function: A literature review. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105725. [PMID: 34119624 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a major contributing factor to diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, acute lung injury, preeclampsia, among others. Resveratrol (RSV) is a naturally occurring bioactive polyphenol found in grapes and red wine. According to experimental studies, RSV modulates several events involved in endothelial dysfunction such as impaired vasorelaxation, eNOS uncoupling, leukocyte adhesion, endothelial senescence, and endothelial mesenchymal transition. The endothelial protective effects of RSV are found to be mediated by numerous molecular targets (e.g. Silent Information Regulator 1 (SIRT1), 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nuclear factor-erythroid-derived 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), Krüppel-like factor-2 (KLF2), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB)). Herein, we present an updated review addressing pharmacological effects and molecular targets of RSV in maintaining endothelial function, and the potential of this phytochemical for endothelial dysfunction-associated disorders.
Collapse
|
6
|
de Farias JO, de Freitas Lima SM, Rezende TMB. Physiopathology of nitric oxide in the oral environment and its biotechnological potential for new oral treatments: a literature review. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:4197-4212. [PMID: 33057827 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A narrative review on the NO properties and their relationship with the oral environment describing NO's molecular origin, role, and perspectives regarding oral pathological, physiological, and regenerative processes for future applications and possible use as prevention or treatment in dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pubmed was searched using the word "nitric oxide." Reviews, clinical studies, and experimental studies were eligible for the screening process. Similar search procedures were then performed with the additional search words "conservative dentistry," "orthodontics," "endodontics," "implants," "periodontics," "oral cancer," "pulp revascularization," and "oral surgery." Furthermore, references of included articles were examined to identify further relevant articles. RESULTS There is a relationship between NO production and oral diseases such as caries, periodontal diseases, pulp inflammation, apical periodontitis, oral cancer, with implants, and orthodontics. Studies on this relationship and uses of NO, in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, are being developed. Also, some NO and oral cavity patents have already registered. CONCLUSIONS The understanding of how NO can interfere in oral health maintenance or disease processes can contribute to elucidate the disease development and optimize treatment approaches. CLINICAL RELEVANCE NO has considerable biotechnological potential and can contribute to improving diagnostics and treating the oral environment. As a biomarker, NO has an important role in the early diagnosis of diseases. Regarding treatments, NO can possibly be used as a regulator of inflammation, anti-biofilm action, replacing antibiotics, inducing apoptosis of cancerous cells, and contributing to the angiogenesis. All these studies are initial considerations regarding the relationship between NO and dentistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jade Ormondes de Farias
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916N - Módulo B Avenida W5-Campus II -Modulo C, room C-221, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.790-160, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n-Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Stella Maris de Freitas Lima
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916N - Módulo B Avenida W5-Campus II -Modulo C, room C-221, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.790-160, Brazil
| | - Taia Maria Berto Rezende
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil. .,Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916N - Módulo B Avenida W5-Campus II -Modulo C, room C-221, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.790-160, Brazil. .,Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n-Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hsieh TC, Wu JM. Resveratrol Suppresses Prostate Cancer Epithelial Cell Scatter/Invasion by Targeting Inhibition of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) Secretion by Prostate Stromal Cells and Upregulation of E-cadherin by Prostate Cancer Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1760. [PMID: 32143478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer mortality is primarily attributed to metastasis and the resulting compromise of organs secondary to the initial tumor site. Metastasis is a multi-step process in which the tumor cells must first acquire a migratory phenotype and invade through the surrounding tissue for spread to distant organs in the body. The ability of malignant cells to migrate and breach surrounding tissue/matrix barriers is among the most daunting challenges to disease management for men in the United States diagnosed with prostate cancer (CaP), especially since, at diagnosis, a high proportion of patients already have occult or clinically-detectable metastasis. The interaction between hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) secreted by the stroma, with its receptor c-Met located in the epithelium, must occur for epithelial CaP cells to become migratory. We studied the effects of grape-derived phytochemical resveratrol on the transition of epithelial tumor cells from sedentary to a mobile, penetrant phenotype. A time lapse microscopy assay was used to monitor the acquisition of the migratory phenotype by resveratrol. The results show that resveratrol inhibits HGF-mediated interaction between the stroma and epithelium and suppresses epithelial CaP cell migration by attenuating the control of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
Collapse
|
8
|
Shepel RN, Drapkina OM. New directions in metabolic syndrome diagnosis: assessment of vascular endothelial growth factor, pentraxin-3 and transforming growth factor beta levels. Cardiovasc Ther Prev 2019. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2019-6-57-61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. N. Shepel
- National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine
| | - O. M. Drapkina
- National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu WH, Duan R, Xia YT, Xiong QP, Wang HY, Chan GKL, Liu SY, Dong TTX, Qin QW, Tsim KWK. Binding of Resveratrol to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Suppresses Angiogenesis by Inhibiting the Receptor Signaling. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:1127-1137. [PMID: 30525561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenol commonly found in plants and food health products, such as grape and red wine, and was identified for its binding to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by using HerboChips screening. The binding, therefore, resulted in alterations of VEGF binding to its receptor and revealed the roles of VEGF in angiogenesis. Several lines of evidence gave support to the inhibitory activities of resveratrol in VEGF-triggered angiogenesis. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), compared with a VEGF-induced group, resveratrol, at a high concentration, suppressed VEGF-mediated endothelial cell proliferation, cell migration, cell invasion, and tube formation by 80 ± 9.01%, 140 ± 3.78%, 110 ± 7.51%, and 120 ± 10.26%, respectively. Moreover, resveratrol inhibited the subintestinal vessel formation in zebrafish embryo. In signaling cascades, application of resveratrol in HUVECs reduced the VEGF-triggered VEGF receptor 2 phosphorylation and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation. Moreover, the VEGF-mediated phosphorylations of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, protein kinase B, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase were obviously decreased by (3 ± 0.37)-, (2 ± 0.27)- and (6 ± 0.23)-fold, respectively, in the presence of resveratrol at high concentration. Parallelly, the VEGF-induced reactive oxygen species formation was significantly decreased by 50 ± 7.88% to 120 ± 14.82% under resveratrol treatment. Thus, our results provided support to the antiangiogenic roles of resveratrol, as well as its related signaling mechanisms, in attenuating the VEGF-mediated responses. The present results supported possible development of resveratrol, which should be considered as a therapeutic agent in terms of prevention and clinical treatment of diseases related to angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hui Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources , HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Hi-Tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000 , China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Ran Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources , HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Hi-Tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000 , China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Yi-Teng Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources , HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Hi-Tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000 , China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Qing-Ping Xiong
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay Road , Hong Kong , China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research , Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an , Jiangsu 210024 , China
| | - Huai-You Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources , HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Hi-Tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000 , China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Gallant Kar-Lun Chan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources , HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Hi-Tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000 , China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Si-Yue Liu
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Tina Ting-Xia Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources , HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Hi-Tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000 , China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay Road , Hong Kong , China
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , China
| | - Qi-Wei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , China
| | - Karl Wah-Keung Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources , HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Hi-Tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000 , China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay Road , Hong Kong , China
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guru S, Sam SE, Rajan S, Padmanabhan S. Comparative evaluation of salivary hepatocyte growth factor in smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 9:e12306. [PMID: 29193859 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a multifunctional cytokine with a wide range of actions, and plays a role in periodontal disease (PD) progression. Smoking significantly increases the risk for PD progression. Thus, aim of the present study was to estimate salivary HGF levels of non-smokers and smokers with chronic periodontitis (CP) and to compare its levels before and after therapy. METHODS A total of 75 participants were recruited and divided into three groups: group 1 included 25 healthy participants, group 2 included 25 non-smokers with CP, and group 3 included 25 smokers with CP. Salivary HGF levels were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and correlated with clinical parameters before and after treatment. RESULTS Salivary HGF levels of non-smokers and smokers with CP were significantly higher than the control group. There was a significant reduction in salivary HGF in smokers and non-smokers with CP after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). CONCLUSION Salivary HGF levels positively correlated with PD progression and smoking status. A significant reduction in HGF levels was seen after NSPT. Thus, within limits, it can be suggested that HGF plays a role in PD progression and can be used as a diagnostic biomarker to detect disease activity. Salivary HGF levels could also be useful to monitor response to periodontal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeela Guru
- Department of Periodontology, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - Sheena Elizabeth Sam
- Department of Periodontology, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - Sukanya Rajan
- Department of Periodontology, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - Shyam Padmanabhan
- Department of Periodontology, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chiquet M, Katsaros C, Kletsas D. Multiple functions of gingival and mucoperiosteal fibroblasts in oral wound healing and repair. Periodontol 2000 2017; 68:21-40. [PMID: 25867977 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are cells of mesenchymal origin. They are responsible for the production of most extracellular matrix in connective tissues and are essential for wound healing and repair. In recent years, it has become clear that fibroblasts from different tissues have various distinct traits. Moreover, wounds in the oral cavity heal under very special environmental conditions compared with skin wounds. Here, we reviewed the current literature on the various interconnected functions of gingival and mucoperiosteal fibroblasts during the repair of oral wounds. The MEDLINE database was searched with the following terms: (gingival OR mucoperiosteal) AND fibroblast AND (wound healing OR repair). The data gathered were used to compare oral fibroblasts with fibroblasts from other tissues in terms of their regulation and function during wound healing. Specifically, we sought answers to the following questions: (i) what is the role of oral fibroblasts in the inflammatory response in acute wounds; (ii) how do growth factors control the function of oral fibroblasts during wound healing; (iii) how do oral fibroblasts produce, remodel and interact with extracellular matrix in healing wounds; (iv) how do oral fibroblasts respond to mechanical stress; and (v) how does aging affect the fetal-like responses and functions of oral fibroblasts? The current state of research indicates that oral fibroblasts possess unique characteristics and tightly controlled specific functions in wound healing and repair. This information is essential for developing new strategies to control the intraoral wound-healing processes of the individual patient.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hisadome M, Ohnishi T, Kakimoto K, Kusuyama J, Bandow K, Kanekura T, Matsuguchi T. Hepatocyte growth factor reduces CXCL10 expression in keratinocytes. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:3595-3605. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Hisadome
- Department of Dermatology; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohnishi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Japan
| | - Kyoko Kakimoto
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Japan
| | - Joji Kusuyama
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Japan
| | - Kenjiro Bandow
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Japan
| | - Takuro Kanekura
- Department of Dermatology; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuguchi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Park SY, Park MY, Park HG, Lee KJ, Kook MS, Kim WJ, Jung JY. Nitric oxide-induced autophagy and the activation of activated protein kinase pathway protect against apoptosis in human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2016; 50:260-270. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Y. Park
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- Department of Oral Physiology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- School of Dentistry; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
| | - M. Y. Park
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- Department of Oral Physiology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- School of Dentistry; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
| | - H. G. Park
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- Department of Oral Physiology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- School of Dentistry; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
| | - K. J. Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine; Asan Institute for Life Sciences; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - M. S. Kook
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- School of Dentistry; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
| | - W. J. Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- Department of Oral Physiology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- School of Dentistry; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
| | - J. Y. Jung
- Department of Oral Physiology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
- School of Dentistry; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ohshima M, Yamaguchi Y, Ambe K, Horie M, Saito A, Nagase T, Nakashima K, Ohki H, Kawai T, Abiko Y, Micke P, Kappert K. Fibroblast VEGF-receptor 1 expression as molecular target in periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2016; 43:128-37. [PMID: 26932322 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Degradation of extracellular matrices is an integral part in periodontitis. For antagonizing this pathophysiological mechanism, we aimed at identifying gene expression profiles in disease progression contributing periodontitis-associated fibroblasts (PAFs) versus normal gingival fibroblasts to determine their molecular repertoire, and exploit it for therapeutic intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS Applying an exploratory analysis using a small number of microarrays in combination with a three dimensional (3D) in vitro culture model that incorporates some aspects of periodontitis, PAFs were initially characterized by gene-expression analyses, followed by targeted gene down-regulation and pharmacological intervention in vitro. Further, immunohistochemistry was applied for phosphorylation analyses in tissue specimens. RESULTS PAFs were characterized by 42 genes being commonly up-regulated >1.5-fold, and by five genes that were concordantly down-regulated (<0.7-fold). Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-receptor 1 (Flt-1) was highly enhanced, and was thus further explored in in vitro culture models of periodontal fibroblasts without accounting for the microbiome. Phosphorylation of the VEGF-receptor 1 was enhanced in PAFs. Receptor inhibition by a specific VEGF-receptor inhibitor or intrinsic down-regulation by RNAi of the VEGF-receptor kinase in 3D gel cultures resulted in significant reduction in collagen degradation associated with increased tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase expression, suggesting that Flt-1 may contribute to periodontitis. CONCLUSION Based on the finding that VEGF-receptor kinase inhibition impaired collagen degradation pathways, Flt-1 may represent a candidate for therapeutic approaches in periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Ohshima
- Department of Biochemistry, Ohu University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimiharu Ambe
- Department of Morphological Biology, Ohu University School of Dentistry, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masafumi Horie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakashima
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Function, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidero Ohki
- First Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Kawai
- Department of Immunology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yoshimitsu Abiko
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Patrick Micke
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kai Kappert
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Güncü GN, Yilmaz D, Könönen E, Gürsoy UK. Salivary Antimicrobial Peptides in Early Detection of Periodontitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2015; 5:99. [PMID: 26734583 PMCID: PMC4689996 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2015.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of periodontitis, an infection-induced inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues, there is a complex interaction between the subgingival microbiota and host tissues. A periodontal diagnostic tool for detecting the initiation and progression of the disease, monitoring the response to therapy, or measuring the degree of susceptibility to future disease progression has been of interest for a long time. The value of various enzymes, proteins, and immunoglobulins, which are abundant constituents of saliva, as potential biomarkers has been recognized and extensively investigated for periodontal diseases. Gingival defensins and cathelicidins are small cationic antimicrobial peptides that play an important role in innate immune response. However, their applicability as salivary biomarkers is still under debate. The present review focuses on proteomic biomarkers and antimicrobial peptides, in particular, to be used at early phases of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Güliz N Güncü
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hacettepe Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dogukan Yilmaz
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul Medipol Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eija Könönen
- Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of TurkuTurku, Finland; Welfare Division, Oral Health CareTurku, Finland
| | - Ulvi K Gürsoy
- Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jaedicke KM, Preshaw PM, Taylor JJ. Salivary cytokines as biomarkers of periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2015; 70:164-83. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
17
|
Abstract
The chemotactic cytokines, or chemokines, comprise a superfamily of polypeptides with a wide range of activities that include recruitment of immune cells to sites of infection and inflammation, as well as stimulation of cell proliferation. As such, they function as antimicrobial molecules and play a central role in host defenses against pathogen challenge. However, their ability to recruit leukocytes and potentiate or prolong the inflammatory response may have profound implications for the progression of oral diseases such as chronic periodontitis, where tissue destruction may be widespread. Moreover, it is increasingly recognized that chronic inflammation is a key component of tumor progression. Interaction between cancer cells and their microenvironment is mediated in large part by secreted factors such as chemokines, and serves to enhance the malignant phenotype in oral and other cancers. In this article, we will outline the biological and biochemical mechanisms of chemokine action in host–microbiome interactions in periodontal disease and in oral cancer, and how these may overlap and contribute to pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Esra Sahingur
- Department of Periodontics, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA
| | - W Andrew Yeudall
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA ; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
El-Refaei MF, Abduljawad SH, Alghamdi AH. Alternative Medicine in Diabetes - Role of Angiogenesis, Oxidative Stress, and Chronic Inflammation. Rev Diabet Stud 2015; 11:231-44. [PMID: 26177484 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2014.11.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that is characterized by hyperglycemia due to lack of or resistance to insulin. Patients with diabetes are frequently afflicted with ischemic vascular disease and impaired wound healing. Type 2 diabetes is known to accelerate atherosclerotic processes, endothelial cell dysfunction, glycosylation of extracellular matrix proteins, and vascular denervation. Herbal medicines and naturally occurring substances may positively affect diabetes management, and could thus be utilized as cost-effective means of supporting treatment in developing countries. Natural treatments have been used in these countries for a long time to treat diabetes. The present review analyses the features of aberrant angiogenesis, abnormalities in growth factors, oxidative stress, and metabolic derangements relevant to diabetes, and how herbal substances and their active chemical constituents may counteract these events. Evidence for possible biochemical effectiveness and limitations of herbal medicines are given, as well as details regarding the role of cytokines and nitric oxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F El-Refaei
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt
| | - Suha H Abduljawad
- Faculty of Family Science, Taibah University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Anil S, Vellappally S, Preethanath RS, Mokeem SA, AlMoharib HS, Patil S, Chalisserry EP, Al Kheraif AA. Hepatocyte growth factor levels in the saliva and gingival crevicular fluid in smokers with periodontitis. Dis Markers 2014; 2014:146974. [PMID: 25389376 DOI: 10.1155/2014/146974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production by oral fibroblasts is enhanced by various molecules that are induced during inflammatory conditions including periodontitis. HGF plays an important role in the progression of periodontitis, by stimulating intense growth of epithelial cells and preventing regeneration of connective tissue attachments. Smokers have a greater risk factor in the pathogenesis and progression of periodontal disease. The objective of the study was to estimate the level of HGF in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in smokers with periodontitis and to compare these levels with that of nonsmokers with periodontitis and healthy controls. The HGF levels were found to be significantly high in the saliva and GCF of smokers with periodontitis compared to both never-smokers with periodontitis and the healthy control group. The elevated levels of HGF in the saliva and GCF in the study population could explain the intrinsic mechanism triggering the severity of the periodontitis in smokers. Further studies are necessary to validate the current observations and to establish a sensitive marker to predict periodontal disease activity.
Collapse
|
20
|
Lim YC, Kang HJ, Moon JH. C-Met pathway promotes self-renewal and tumorigenecity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma stem-like cell. Oral Oncol 2014; 50:633-9. [PMID: 24835851 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing evidence indicates that a rare subpopulation of cancer cells, namely, cancer stem cells (CSCs), is the primary cause of tumorigenesis in some tumor types, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor, c-Met, are involved in tongue development and carcinogenesis of HNSCC. Here, we investigated whether activation of HGF/c-Met signaling influences the stem cell traits of HNSCC CSC. MATERIALS AND METHODS After HGF treatment, we assessed the sphere-forming capacity and stem cell marker expression in HNSCC stem-like cells compared with the respective control cells in vitro. In addition, we evaluated the effect of c-Met knockdown on the sphere-forming capacity, stem cell marker expression, and cisplatin chemosensitivity of HNSCC stem-like cells in vitro. Furthermore, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of c-Met knockdown on the capacity of HNSCC stem-like cells to initiate tumor growth in the orthotopic mouse model. RESULTS HGF treatment promoted the sphere-forming capacity of HNSCC stem-like cells and increased the expression of stem cell markers such as Oct4, Sox2, and CD44. Transcriptional levels of c-Met was increased in cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1 activity, a putative marker for HNSCC stem-like cells, compared to cells with low activity. In contrast, knockdown of c-Met attenuated the sphere-forming capacity and stem cell markers expression in HNSCC stem-like cells, and augmented cisplatin chemosensitivity by decreased side population cells and suppression of an ABCG2 transporter gene. Furthermore, knockdown of c-Met in HNSCC stem-like cells inhibits tumor formation of mice in a xenograft model and increases mice survival. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that inhibition of the c-Met pathway could serve as a potent therapeutic strategy to target HNSCC stem-like cells.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the tissues that surround and support the teeth and is initiated by inappropriate and excessive immune responses to bacteria in subgingival dental plaque leading to loss of the integrity of the periodontium, compromised tooth function, and eventually tooth loss. Periodontitis is an economically important disease as it is time-consuming and expensive to treat. Periodontitis has a worldwide prevalence of 5–15% and the prevalence of severe disease in western populations has increased in recent decades. Furthermore, periodontitis is more common in smokers, in obesity, in people with diabetes, and in heart disease patients although the pathogenic processes underpinning these links are, as yet, poorly understood. Diagnosis and monitoring of periodontitis rely on traditional clinical examinations which are inadequate to predict patient susceptibility, disease activity, and response to treatment. Studies of the immunopathogenesis of periodontitis and analysis of mediators in saliva have allowed the identification of many potentially useful biomarkers. Convenient measurement of these biomarkers using chairside analytical devices could form the basis for diagnostic tests which will aid the clinician and the patient in periodontitis management; this review will summarise this field and will identify the experimental, technical, and clinical issues that remain to be addressed before such tests can be implemented.
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Conventional and targeted chemotherapies remain integral strategies to treat solid tumors. Despite the large number of anti-cancer drugs available, chemotherapy does not completely eradicate disease. Disease recurrence and the growth of drug resistant tumors remain significant problems in anti-cancer treatment. To develop more effective treatment strategies, it is important to understand the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of drug resistance. It is generally accepted that cancer cells do not function alone, but evolve through interactions with the surrounding tumor microenvironment. As key cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, fibroblasts regulate the growth and progression of many solid tumors. Emerging studies demonstrate that fibroblasts secrete a multitude of factors that enable cancer cells to become drug resistant. This review will explore how fibroblast secretion of soluble factors act on cancer cells to enhance cancer cell survival and cancer stem cell renewal, contributing to the development of drug resistant cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Bin Fang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Nikki Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Park MY, Jeong YJ, Kang GC, Kim MH, Kim SH, Chung HJ, Jung JY, Kim WJ. Nitric oxide-induced apoptosis of human dental pulp cells is mediated by the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 18:25-32. [PMID: 24634593 PMCID: PMC3951820 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is recognized as a mediator and regulator of inflammatory responses. NO is produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and NOS is abundantly expressed in the human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). NO produced by NOS can be cytotoxic at higher concentrations to HDPCs. However, the mechanism by which this cytotoxic pathway is activated in cells exposed to NO is not known. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the NO-induced cytotoxic mechanism in HDPCs. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, reduced the viability of HDPCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We investigated the in vitro effects of nitric oxide on apoptosis of cultured HDPCs. Cells showed typical apoptotic morphology after exposure to SNP. Besides, the number of Annexin V positive cells was increased among the SNP-treated HDPCs. SNP enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) ameliorated the decrement of cell viability induced by SNP. However, a soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor (ODQ) did not inhibited the decrement of cell viability induced by SNP. SNP increased cytochrome c release from the mitochondria to the cytosol and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 expression levels. Moreover, SNP-treated HDPCs elevated activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9. While pretreatment with inhibitors of caspase (z-VAD-fmk, z-DEVD-fmk) reversed the NO-induced apoptosis of HDPCs. From these results, it can be suggested that NO induces apoptosis of HDPCs through the mitochondria-dependent pathway mediated by ROS and Bcl-2 family, but not by the cyclic GMP pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Park
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Yeon Jin Jeong
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Gi Chang Kang
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Sun Hun Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Chung
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Jung
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Won Jae Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute and Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle in mammals is a stable tissue under normal circumstances but has remarkable ability to repair after injury. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a highly orchestrated process involving the activation of various cellular and molecular responses. As skeletal muscle stem cells, satellite cells play an indispensible role in this process. The self-renewing proliferation of satellite cells not only maintains the stem cell population but also provides numerous myogenic cells, which proliferate, differentiate, fuse, and lead to new myofiber formation and reconstitution of a functional contractile apparatus. The complex behavior of satellite cells during skeletal muscle regeneration is tightly regulated through the dynamic interplay between intrinsic factors within satellite cells and extrinsic factors constituting the muscle stem cell niche/microenvironment. For the last half century, the advance of molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics has greatly improved our understanding of skeletal muscle biology. Here, we review some recent advances, with focuses on functions of satellite cells and their niche during the process of skeletal muscle regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wilczyńska-Borawska M, Borawski J, Bagińska J, Małyszko J, Myśliwiec M. Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Saliva of Patients with Renal Failure and Periodontal Disease. Ren Fail 2012; 34:942-51. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2012.696510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
26
|
Lim YC, Han JH, Kang HJ, Kim YS, Lee BH, Choi EC, Kim CH. Overexpression of c-Met promotes invasion and metastasis of small oral tongue carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2012; 48:1114-9. [PMID: 22704061 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
c-Met proto-oncogene, which is a receptor of ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), has been associated with cancer cell invasion. There have been no reports on the relationship between the expression of c-Met and tumor invasion and metastasis in small (T(1-2)) squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT). We analyzed the relationship between c-Met expression and tumor invasion depth and lymph node metastasis in 71 surgically treated patients with small SCCOT using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we investigated the associations between the c-Met expression status and patient survival. In addition, we explored whether overexpression of c-Met enhances tumor growth and invasion of tongue cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Positive immunohistochemical staining of c-Met was observed in 39 (55%) samples. Presence of neck metastasis, and >4mm depth of tumor invasion, strongly correlated with c-Met expression in small SCCOT both by the univariate and multivariate analysis (p<.05). The survival rates with c-Met expression were significantly shorter than for patients without c-Met expression (p<.05). Constitutive activation of c-Met enhanced migration and invasion of tongue cancer cells in vitro through the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-1, -2, and -9, and promoted tongue cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. The results support the association of c-Met with the invasiveness and metastasis of small SCCOT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Chang Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Susuki D, Kimura S, Naganuma S, Tsuchiyama K, Tanaka T, Kitamura N, Fujieda S, Itoh H. Regulation of microRNA expression by hepatocyte growth factor in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2011; 102:2164-71. [PMID: 21899661 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02096.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a multifunctional molecule that acts as mitogen, motogen, and/or morphogen in a variety of cells. MET, a specific receptor tyrosine kinase for HGF, is upregulated in various tumors including squamous cell carcinoma of the human head and neck (HNSCC), but how HGF affects the expression of downstream functional genes has not yet been elucidated in detail. In the present study, we examined the expression of microRNA (miRNA), non-coding small RNA that regulate cell proliferation and functions by interfering with the translation of target mRNA, with or without HGF stimulation in HNSCC cell line HSC3. Among several miRNAs, in which the expression was altered after HGF stimulation, we focused on miR-200c and miR-27b, both of which were drastically downregulated after HGF stimulation. Expression of ZEB1, a target mRNA for miR-200c, was upregulated 3 and 6 h after HGF stimulation, and that of E-cadherin, a downstream molecule of ZEB1, was downregulated 12 h after HGF stimulation. Expression of ST14/matriptase, an enzyme for extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and HGF activation and a target mRNA for miR-27b, was drastically upregulated in the protein level after HGF stimulation, although it was not statistically altered in the mRNA level. These results suggest that miR-200c and miR-27b downregulated by HGF might play an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated by ZEB1/E-cadherin and ECM degradation and HGF autoactivation mediated by ST14/matriptase, respectively. Altered expression of miRNA directly regulated by HGF might contribute enhanced progressive and invasive characteristics of HNSCC by regulating the translation of HGF-induced functional molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dai Susuki
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lei X, Wu J, Liu B, Lu Y. Hepatocyte growth factor promoting the proliferation of human eccrine sweat gland epithelial cells is relative to AKT signal channel and β-catenin. Arch Dermatol Res 2012; 304:23-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-011-1167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
29
|
Sun S, Wang Z. Head neck squamous cell carcinoma c-Met⁺ cells display cancer stem cell properties and are responsible for cisplatin-resistance and metastasis. Int J Cancer 2011; 129:2337-48. [PMID: 21225626 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
c-Met, the tyrosine kinase receptor for hepatocyte growth factor, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors in which it plays a central role in malignant transformation. Although c-Met has also been determined to be a critical signaling molecule in normal stem cell function, the potential role of c-Met as a single marker for cancer stem cells (CSCs) has not been previously examined. In our study, we reported that human head neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells expressing c-Met were capable of self-renewal and of generating tumors that recapitulate the heterogeneity of the parental tumors, and isolation of HNSCC cells using a second marker CD44 could further enhance upon the in-vivo tumorigenicity. We also reported that c-Met(+) HNSCC cells could readily make spherical colonies in nonadherent culture conditions, in contrast, c-Met(-) population did not; these spherical colonies could be passaged multiple times without loss of colony-forming capability. Furthermore, we showed that c-Met(+) HNSCC cells have increased expression of self-renewal pathways are spared by cisplatin treatment and are responsible for mediating metastasis. These results indicated that c-Met could serve as a novel marker for CSCs at least in HNSCC, and the highly chemoresistant and metastatic capabilities of c-Met(+) HNSCC population make them an important cell type to better define and understand their function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lee N, Lee Y, Bhattari G, Lee I, Yun B, Jeon J, Hwang P, Yi H. Reactive Oxygen Species Removal Activity of Davallialactone Reduces Lipopolysaccharide-induced Pulpal Inflammation through Inhibition of the Extracellular Signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Nuclear Factor kappa B Pathway. J Endod 2011; 37:491-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
31
|
Brusevold IJ, Søland TM, Khuu C, Christoffersen T, Bryne M. Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of Met in oral squamous cell carcinoma and in an organotypic oral cancer model. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118:342-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00747.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
32
|
Chung S, Kim J, Kim JY, Lee DS, Han K, Kim HK. Circulating hepatocyte growth factor as an independent prognostic factor of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Thromb Res 2010; 125:e285-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2010.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Revised: 01/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
33
|
Seiwert TY, Jagadeeswaran R, Faoro L, Janamanchi V, Nallasura V, El Dinali M, Yala S, Kanteti R, Cohen EEW, Lingen MW, Martin L, Krishnaswamy S, Klein-Szanto A, Christensen JG, Vokes EE, Salgia R. The MET receptor tyrosine kinase is a potential novel therapeutic target for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Res 2009; 69:3021-31. [PMID: 19318576 PMCID: PMC2871252 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-2881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer remains a devastating disease with insufficient treatment options. We investigated the MET receptor tyrosine kinase as a novel target for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). MET/phosphorylated MET and HGF expression was analyzed in 121 tissues (HNSCC/normal) by immunohistochemistry, and in 20 HNSCC cell lines by immunoblotting. The effects of MET inhibition using small interfering RNA/two small-molecule inhibitors (SU11274/PF-2341066) on signaling, migration, viability, and angiogenesis were determined. The complete MET gene was sequenced in 66 head and neck cancer tissue samples and eight cell lines. MET gene copy number was determined in 14 cell lines and 23 tumor tissues. Drug combinations of SU11274 with cisplatin or erlotinib were tested in SCC35/HN5 cell lines. Eighty-four percent of the HNSCC samples showed MET overexpression, whereas 18 of 20 HNSCC cell lines (90%) expressed MET. HGF overexpression was present in 45% of HNSCC. MET inhibition with SU11274/PF-2341066 abrogated MET signaling, cell viability, motility/migration in vitro, and tumor angiogenesis in vivo. Mutational analysis of 66 tumor tissues and 8 cell lines identified novel mutations in the semaphorin (T230M/E168D/N375S), juxtamembrane (T1010I/R988C), and tyrosine kinase (T1275I/V1333I) domains (incidence: 13.5%). Increased MET gene copy number was present with >10 copies in 3 of 23 (13%) tumor tissues. A greater-than-additive inhibition of cell growth was observed when combining a MET inhibitor with cisplatin or erlotinib and synergy may be mediated via erbB3/AKT signaling. MET is functionally important in HNSCC with prominent overexpression, increased gene copy number, and mutations. MET inhibition abrogated MET functions, including proliferation, migration/motility, and angiogenesis. MET is a promising, novel target for HNSCC and combination approaches with cisplatin or EGFR inhibitors should be explored.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cisplatin/administration & dosage
- ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Gene Dosage
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/enzymology
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Indoles/administration & dosage
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Mutation
- Piperazines/administration & dosage
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Receptors, Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Growth Factor/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Growth Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Growth Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Sulfonamides/administration & dosage
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Transfection
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanguy Y Seiwert
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine and University of Chicago Cancer Research Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li R, Peng L, Ren L, Tan H, Ye L. Hepatocyte Growth Factor Exerts Promoting Functions on Murine Dental Papilla Cells. J Endod 2009; 35:382-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2008] [Revised: 11/20/2008] [Accepted: 11/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
35
|
Wilczynska-Borawska M, Borawski J, Kovalchuk O, Chyczewski L, Stokowska W. Hepatocyte growth factor in saliva is a potential marker of symptomatic periodontal disease. J Oral Sci 2007; 48:47-50. [PMID: 16858131 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.48.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Evidence has been emerging that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) - a pluripotential regenerative cytokine - is a key factor in the pathogenesis and progression of periodontal disease, mostly through its over-stimulation of gingival epithelial cell growth and impairment of the regeneration of collagenous structures. We measured the levels of immunoreactive HGF in unstimulated whole mixed saliva from 26 patients referred for treatment of periodontal disease, and from 20 healthy subjects. HGF was detected in all saliva samples from the patients, the concentration ranging from 0.06 to 5.38 ng/ml, with a mean concentration of 1.87 +/- 1.32 ng/ml. In healthy individuals, the median salivary HGF level was 0.68 ng/ml (range: 0 - 7.33 ng/ml), being almost 3-fold lower (P < 0.0001) than that in the patients. Periodontal parameters in the patients were: gingival index (GI) 2.0 (0 - 2.8), papillary bleeding index (PBI) 2.2 (0 - 3.2), plaque index (PI) 2.0 (0 - 3.0), probing depth (PD) 3.0 (1.8 - 5.9) mm, and loss of clinical attachment level (CAL) 4.7 (1.1 - 10.6) mm. We found that the salivary HGF level was positively correlated with GI (P = 0.004), PBI (P = 0.046) and PI (P = 0.001), but not with PD (P = 0.351), CAL loss (P = 0.172), number of teeth (P = 0.279) or patient age (P = 0.362). Our findings suggest that salivary HGF concentration may be a novel marker of symptomatic periodontal disease, and that it warrants further validation.
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Evidence has been gathered regarding the association between angiogenesis and inflammation in pathological situations. These two phenomena have long been coupled together in many chronic inflammatory disorders with distinct etiopathogenic origin, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, diabetes, and cancer. Lately, this concept has further been substantiated by the finding that several previously established non-inflammatory disorders, such as osteoarthritis and obesity, display both inflammation and angiogenesis in an exacerbated manner. In addition, the interplay between inflammatory cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts in chronic inflammation sites, together with the fact that inflammation and angiogenesis can actually be triggered by the same molecular events, further strengthen this association. Therefore, elucidating the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms that gather together the two processes is mandatory in order to understand their synergistic effect, and to develop new therapeutic approaches for the management of these disorders that cause a great deal of discomfort, disability, and in some cases death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Costa
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ye L, Peng L, Tan H, Zhou X. HGF enhanced proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp cells. J Endod 2006; 32:736-41. [PMID: 16861072 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2006.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2005] [Revised: 01/11/2006] [Accepted: 01/14/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is mesenchymal-derived growth factor acting through a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor, c-met. HGF has multiple effects on different cells. However, its function in dentinogenesis remains unclear. In this study, the expression of HGF in human dental pulp cells (DPCs) in vitro was studied by immunostaining and RT-PCR. The effect of HGF on DPCs proliferation was determined by MTT, while its effect on cell differentiation was analyzed using ALPase activity, and further confirmed with ALP and DSPP mRNA and protein expression. Immunostaining revealed that HGF was found mainly in the cytoplasm of DPCs. RT-PCR analysis showed that both HGF and c-met were expressed from the DPCs. Exogenous addition of HGF enhanced proliferation and differentiation of DPCs by up-regulating CREB, ELK-1, and PPAR-gamma. U0126, an ERK/MAPK inhibitor, inhibited the effects of HGF on DPCs. It was concluded that HGF stimulated both proliferation and differentiation of DPCs, at least partially through the ERK/MAPK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ye
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Regulation of epithelial cell behavior associated with periodontitis is not well elucidated but many responses will ultimately be regulated by growth factor receptors. Using a rat experimental periodontitis model, protein and gene expression of select growth factor receptors in junctional and pocket epithelium were examined. MATERIAL AND METHODS Periodontal disease was induced by daily topical application of lipopolysaccharide using an established protocol. Animals were killed at time 0 (control), and at 2 and 8 wk. Frozen tissue samples were collected from the right palatal gingival soft tissue, and the left periodontal tissues were decalcified and embedded in paraffin. Laser microdissection and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to quantify keratinocyte growth factor receptor (KGFR), hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) gene expression, and in situ RT-PCR localized these increases to specific epithelial cells. Receptor protein expression was examined immunohistochemically. In cell culture, induction of HGFR and KGFR protein expression by serum, lipopolysaccharide and pro-inflammatory cytokines were examined using flow cytometry. RESULTS Eight-week tissue samples exhibited histological changes consistent with periodontitis. KGFR and HGFR gene and protein expression were significantly induced at the 8 wk time point. KGFR expression was significantly up-regulated in basal and parabasal pocket epithelial cells, but HGFR was up-regulated throughout the pocket epithelium. In cell culture serum, lipopolysaccharide and pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha significantly induced KGFR protein receptor expression, but HGFR expression was only induced by serum. CONCLUSION KGFR and HGFR are highly up-regulated in this model of periodontal disease and may play a significant role in regulating the proliferation and migration of pocket epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Ekuni
- Department of Oral Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ohnishi T, Kakimoto K, Bandow K, Lowenstein CJ, Daikuhara Y, Matsuguchi T. Mature Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor on the Surface of Human Granulocytes Is Released by a Mechanism Involving Activated Factor Xa. J Immunol 2006; 176:6945-53. [PMID: 16709855 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.176.11.6945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is rapidly increased in patients suffering from various tissue injuries including arterial occlusive diseases. However, the cellular sources of the HGF increase remain largely unknown. In the present study, we showed that bioactive mature HGF is constitutively present on the surface of granulocytes in human peripheral blood. Exogenously added 125I-labeled iodo-HGF efficiently bound to granulocyte surface, whereas only a scarce amount of HGF mRNA was detected in granulocytes, indicating that the mature HGF on granulocytes is likely to be derived from other cell types. Interestingly, treatment of granulocytes with human serum rapidly induced the release of the cell surface-associated HGF. In vivo, thromboplastin injection into mice increased HGF release from transplanted human granulocytes, which was inhibited by the pretreatment with DX9065a, a specific inhibitor of factor Xa. Furthermore, DX9065a also inhibited the serum-induced HGF release from human granulocytes in vitro, suggesting that the HGF-releasing factor(s) in serum is associated with factor Xa activation. Thus, human granulocytes may function as a transporter of HGF in the peripheral blood, releasing HGF at the injured sites caused by blood coagulation, where HGF may promote tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Ohnishi
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Department of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lo Muzio L, Farina A, Rubini C, Coccia E, Capogreco M, Colella G, Leonardi R, Campisi G, Carinci F. Effect of c-Met expression on survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2006; 27:115-21. [PMID: 16612144 DOI: 10.1159/000092716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2005] [Accepted: 08/26/2005] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The proto-oncogene c-Met has been suggested to be associated with progression of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence of c-Met expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to verify whether c-Met can be considered a marker of prognosis in these patients. In a retrospective study, a cohort of 84 OSCC patients was investigated for c-Met expression and its cellular localization by immunohistochemistry. After grouping for c-Met expression, OSCC patients were statistically analyzed for the variables age, gender, histological grading, tumor node metastasis, staging and overall survival rate. Univariate and multivariate statistics were used for data analysis. Sixty-nine cases (82.2%) of OSCC showed immunopositivity, with a mainly membranous expression and scattered areas also showing a cytoplasmic localization, whereas 15 cases (17.8%) did not show c-Met. No statistical association was found between c-Met expression and any variables considered at baseline, apart from the higher number of c-Met positivity in females (p = 0.026). Among positive tumors, well-differentiated areas showed low or absent cytoplasmic expression, while low-differentiated areas showed both membranous and cytoplasmic positivity. In terms of prognostic significance, c-Met expression was found to have an independent association with a poorer overall survival rate (p = 0.036). On the basis of these results, it is possible to suggest c-Met as an early marker of poor prognosis, a hallmark of aggressive biological behavior in OSCC, suggested to be useful in identifying cases of OSCC before the relapse.
Collapse
|
41
|
Wilczynska-Borawska M, Borawski J, Kovalchuk O, Chyczewski L, Mysliwiec M, Stokowska W. Unexpected effect of haemodialysis on salivary hepatocyte growth factor. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005; 20:2869-70. [PMID: 16169868 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfi129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
42
|
Tsukinoki K, Yasuda M, Miyoshi Y, Mori Y, Otsuru M, Saruta J, Sato S, Kaneko A, Watanabe Y, Osamura RY. Role of Hepatocyte Growth Factor and c-Met Receptor in Neoplastic Conditions of Salivary Glands. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2005. [DOI: 10.1267/ahc.38.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Tsukinoki
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic Science, Division of Pathology, Kanagawa Dental College
- Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine
- Department of Oral Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine
| | - Masanori Yasuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiko Miyoshi
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic Science, Division of Pathology, Kanagawa Dental College
| | - Yusuke Mori
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic Science, Division of Pathology, Kanagawa Dental College
- Department of Oral Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine
| | | | - Juri Saruta
- Department of Craniofacial Growth and Development Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental College
| | - Sadao Sato
- Department of Craniofacial Growth and Development Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental College
| | - Akihiro Kaneko
- Department of Oral Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshihisa Watanabe
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic Science, Division of Pathology, Kanagawa Dental College
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bandow K, Ohnishi T, Tamura M, Semba I, Daikuhara Y. Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor stimulates migration of muscle precursors in developing mouse tongue. J Cell Physiol 2004; 201:236-43. [PMID: 15334658 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.20056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulates the migration of myogenic cells during the development of skeletal muscles. The inactivation of HGF genes or that of its receptor, c-met, in mice causes hypoplasia of skeletal muscle organs, such as the tongue. Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) also induces migration of skeletal myoblasts. A comparison of the functions of HGF and FGF-2 in myogenesis revealed the crucial effect of HGF in the development of skeletal muscles. Unlike FGF-2, HGF induced migration of myoblasts from the developing mouse tongue. The differences between the activities of HGF and FGF-2 were determined by comparing their effects on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in myoblasts, C2C12 cells, cultured in collagen-coated dishes. The results showed that HGF, but not FGF-2, stimulated MMP-9 expression, and that the stimulation was mediated through the activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) which was not associated with FGF-2 signal transduction. Nevertheless, both growth factors exerted almost the same effect on the reduction of myogenin expression in, and on the proliferation of, C2C12 cells, suggesting that HGF, rather than FGF-2, plays a crucial role in the generation of skeletal muscles, including the tongue. Moreover, the specific role of HGF through the PI3K signal pathway is the induction of MMP-9 expression in, and the migration of, myoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Bandow
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Department of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 35-1 Sakuragaoka-8, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
AIM: To construct pEGFP-hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) expression vector, the to detect its expression in transfected human hepatocytes, and to investigate the influence of autocrine HGF expression on the proliferative potential and cytoprotective effects in human hepatocytes.
METHODS: Human HGF cDNA was ligated to the pEGFP vector. Recombinant plasmid was transfected into human hepatocyte line QZG with liposome. Expression of HGF protein was observed by fluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Hepatic cells were collected 24, 48, and 72 h after transfection to detect the number of [3H]-TdR uptake in DNA. DNA synthesis was observed by using PCNA stain immunohistochemistry. Acute liver cell damage was induced by carbon tetrachloride. Cytoprotective effect was observed by examining the survival rate of hepatocytes and leakage of intracellular alanine transaminase (ALT) and potassium ions.
RESULTS: HGF identification of pEGFP-HGF by enzyme digestion showed that HGF fragment was cloned into BamH I and Sal I sites of pEGFP-N3. Expression of GFP in transfected hepatocytes was observed with fluorescence microscopy. The [3H]-TdR uptake became 7 times as many as in the control group 96 h after transfection. After HGF transfection, the survival rate of hepatocytes poisoned by CCl4 significantly increased (83% vs 61%, P < 0.05), and the leakage of intracellular alanine transaminase and potassium ions decreased (586 nkat/L vs 1089 nkat/L, P < 0.01; and 5.59 mmol/L vs 6.02 mmol/L, P < 0.01 respectively). Culture of transfected hepatic cells promoted the proliferation of other non-transfected cells.
CONCLUSION: Transfected HGF is expressed in hepatic cells and has the activity of promoting cell division and protecting hepatic cells against poisoning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, 127 ChangLe West Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|