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Vahedi MM, Shahini A, Mottahedi M, Garousi S, Shariat Razavi SA, Pouyamanesh G, Afshari AR, Ferns GA, Bahrami A. Harmaline exerts potentially anti-cancer effects on U-87 human malignant glioblastoma cells in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4357-4366. [PMID: 36943605 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harmaline is a β-carboline alkaloid that can be extracted from the seeds of Peganum harmala. Harmaline has been shown to exhibit a potent cytotoxic effect against tumor cells. In this study, the anti-glioblastoma activity of harmaline was investigated in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS Cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest were assessed in U-87 cells treated with harmaline at different doses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the mRNA expression of apoptosis-associated genes were assessed. The anti-metastatic effect of harmaline on U-87 cells was evaluated by gelatin zymography assay where matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-2/-9 enzymatic activity was measured, and the scratch assay was used to assess migratory responses. Flow cytometry demonstrated that harmaline could suppress the proliferation and induce sub-G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death in glioblastoma cells. Harmaline treatment was also associated with an upregulation of the cell cycle-related genes, p21 and p53, and pro-apoptotic Bax, as well as the induction of ROS. The zymography assay indicated that the essential steps of metastasis were potently suppressed by harmaline through inhibiting the expression of MMP-2 and - 9. In addition, the migration of U-87 cells was significantly reduced after harmaline treatment. CONCLUSION Our data suggest a basis for further research of harmaline which has potential cytotoxic activities in glioblastoma cells; inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, repression of migration, possibly invasion, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Vahedi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ali Shahini
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehran Mottahedi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Setareh Garousi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ghazaleh Pouyamanesh
- Department of medical laboratory science, Mashhad branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Afsane Bahrami
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Akbar Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Bhattacharya P, De S. Simple naturally occurring β-carboline alkaloids – role in sustainable theranostics. Physical Sciences Reviews 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This review is a brief treatise on some simple β-carboline alkaloids that are abundantly available in plants, animals and foodstuff. These alkaloids are well known for their pharmacological action as well as their allelopathic behaviour. The focus of this review is on sustainable use of naturally occurring compounds in safeguarding human health and protecting our environment at large i.e. the prospective applications of these molecules for Sustainable Theranostics. The review commences with an initial introduction to the β-carboline alkaloids, followed by an outlay of their geographical distribution and natural abundance, then the basic structure and building units of the simplest β-carboline alkaloids have been mentioned. This is followed by a discussion on the important methods of extraction from natural sources both plants and animals. Then the foundation for the use of these alkaloids in Sustainable Theranostics has been built by discussing their interesting photophysics, interactions with important biological molecules and an extensive survey of their therapeutic potential and allelopathic behaviour. Finally the review ends with a silver lining mentioning the future prospective applications of these alkaloids with special relevance to sustainability issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swati De
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kalyani , Kalyani , 741235 , India
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Hamedi A, Bayat M, Asemani Y, Amirghofran Z. A review of potential anti-cancer properties of some selected medicinal plants grown in Iran. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Sharifi-Rad J, Quispe C, Herrera-Bravo J, Semwal P, Painuli S, Özçelik B, Hacıhasanoğlu FE, Shaheen S, Sen S, Acharya K, Amirian M, Castillo CMS, López MD, Schoebitz M, Martorell M, Goloshvili T, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Kumar M, Suleria HAR, Cho WC. Peganum spp.: A Comprehensive Review on Bioactivities and Health-Enhancing Effects and Their Potential for the Formulation of Functional Foods and Pharmaceutical Drugs. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021; 2021:5900422. [PMID: 34257813 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5900422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The genus Peganum includes four species widely distributed in warm temperate to subtropical regions from the Mediterranean to Mongolia as well as certain regions in America. Among these species, Peganum harmala L., distributed from the Mediterranean region to Central Asia, has been studied and its phytochemical profile, traditional folk use, and application in pharmacological and clinical trials are well known. The review is aimed at presenting an insight into the botanical features and geographical distribution of Peganum spp. along with traditional folk uses. This manuscript also reviews the phytochemical profile of Peganum spp. and its correlation with biological activities evidenced by the in vitro and in vivo investigations. Moreover, this review gives us an understanding of the bioactive compounds from Peganum as health promoters followed by the safety and adverse effects on human health. In relation to their multipurpose therapeutic properties, various parts of this plant such as seeds, bark, and roots present bioactive compounds promoting health benefits. An updated search (until December 2020) was carried out in databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect. Chemical studies have presented beta-carboline alkaloids as the most active constituents, with harmalol, harmaline, and harmine being the latest and most studied among these naturally occurring alkaloids. The Peganum spp. extracts have shown neuroprotective, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects. The extracts are also found effective in improving respiratory disorders (asthma and cough conditions), dermatoses, and knee osteoarthritis. Bioactivities and health-enhancing effects of Peganum spp. make it a potential candidate for the formulation of functional foods and pharmaceutical drugs. Nevertheless, adverse effects of this plant have also been described, and therefore new bioproducts need to be studied in depth. In fact, the design of new formulations and nanoformulations to control the release of active compounds will be necessary to achieve successful pharmacological and therapeutic treatments.
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Jalali A, Dabaghian F, Zarshenas MM. Alkaloids of Peganum harmala: Anticancer Biomarkers with Promising Outcomes. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:185-196. [PMID: 33238864 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201125103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a serious and growing global health issue worldwide. In the cancerous cells, the normal cell cycle has been disrupted via a series of irreversible changes. Recently, the investigations on herbal medicine and clarifying the phytochemicals potential in treat cancer has been increased. The combination of phytochemicals with conventional cancer treatment approaches can improve outcomes via advancing cell death, restraining cell proliferation and invasion, sensitizing cancerous cells, and promoting the immune system. Therefore, phytochemicals can be introduced as relevant complementary medicaments in cancer therapy. Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) as a valuable medicinal herb, possesses various alkaloid ingredient. OBJECTIVE Pointing to the importance of new avenues for cancer management and P. harmala convincing effect in this field, this review strived to collect a frame to epitome possible scopes to develop novel medicines in cancer treatment. METHODS Keywords "Peganum harmala" and cancer, or chemotherapy, or anti-neoplasm were searched through the "Scopus" database up to 29th of February 2020. Papers linking to agriculture, chemistry, environmental, and genetics sciences were omitted and, papers centered on cancer were selected. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In the current study, 42 related papers to cancer treatment and 22 papers on alkaloid bioactive components are collected from 72 papers. The β-carboline alkaloids derived from P. harmala, especially harmine, demonstrate notable anticancer properties by targeting apoptosis, autophagy, abnormal cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and cytotoxicity. Based on the collected information, P. harmala holds significant anticancer activity. Considering the mechanism of the various anticancer drugs and their acting similarity to P. harmala, the alkaloids derived from this herb, particularly harmine, can introduce as a novel anticancer medicine solely or in adjuvant cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Jalali
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farid Dabaghian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Zarshenas
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Akabli T, Toufik H, Lamchouri F. In silico modeling studies of N9-substituted harmine derivatives as potential anticancer agents: combination of ligand-based and structure-based approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:3965-3978. [PMID: 33252029 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1852118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A computational study was carried out to develop quantitative-structure activity relationship (QSAR), pharmacophore, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations of a series of N9-substituted harmine derivatives in order to investigate the structural factors involved in the cytotoxic activity and thus design new active derivatives. A valid 3 D-QSAR (R2= 0.89, q2=0.67, R2pred = 0.72) and 2 D-QSAR (R2= 0.81, q2=0.69, R2pred = 0.76) models were obtained correlating the cytotoxic activity with hydrophobic and hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) features for 3 D-QSAR and SlogP and a_acc descriptors for 2 D-QSAR. Analysis of the selected descriptors for both models highlighted that lipophilicity and hydrogen bonding acceptor atoms remain the crucial properties and those on which cytotoxic activity depends. Also, these findings are in agreement with the characteristics of the generated pharmacophore. Furthermore, molecular docking revealed that the binding energy (-9.74 kcal/mol) and inhibition constant (0.071 µmol) correlate with the activity of the most active compound that forms hydrophobic interactions and two hydrogen bonds with the the dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1 A (DYRK1A). The molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the protein-ligand equilibrium is stable after 100000 fs of trajectories. Based on these results, we designed new N9-substituted harmine derivatives with improved properties: predicted cytotoxic activities, estimated binding energies, estimated inhibition constants and interaction modes with amino acid residues of DYRK1A, compared to the best compound in the studied dataset. Additionally, these newly designed inhibitors showed promising results in the preliminary in silico Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) evaluations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoufik Akabli
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University of Fez, Taza, Morocco
| | - Hamid Toufik
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University of Fez, Taza, Morocco
| | - Fatima Lamchouri
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University of Fez, Taza, Morocco
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Ahmad I, Fakhri S, Khan H, Jeandet P, Aschner M, Yu ZL. Targeting cell cycle by β-carboline alkaloids in vitro: Novel therapeutic prospects for the treatment of cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 330:109229. [PMID: 32835667 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell cycle dysregulation is the mainstay of aberrant cell proliferation, which leads to tumor progression. Mutations in tumor cells initiate various dysregulated pathways and spontaneous over-proliferation with genomic/chromosomal instability. Despite advances in cancer therapy, it has remained a medicinal challenge to treat. Besides, the complexity of pathophysiological pathways behind cancer raises the need for novel multi-target agents, possessing fewer side effects. Alkaloid-based therapies have been explored so far to target cell division in cancer, including vinca alkaloids. As a class of hopeful β-carboline derivatives, growing evidence has indicated their auspicious roles in combating cancer by inhibiting topoisomerase (TOPO), kinesin Eg5, telomerase, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), IκB kinase (IKK), and polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) in the transition phases of cell cycle. In this review, in vitro potential of β-carboline has been revealed through targeting cell division cycle at different phases. In conclusion, β-carboline alkaloids could be introduced as novel candidates in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection, Faculty of Sciences University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims Cedex, 51687, France.
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Forchheimer 209 1300 Morris Park Avenue Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
| | - Zhi-Ling Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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Salehi H, Karimi M, Rezaie N, Raofie F. Extraction of β-Carboline alkaloids and preparation of extract nanoparticles from Peganum harmala L. capsules using supercritical fluid technique. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Samaha AA, Fawaz M, Salami A, Baydoun S, Eid AH. Antihypertensive Indigenous Lebanese Plants: Ethnopharmacology and a Clinical Trial. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9070292. [PMID: 31330767 PMCID: PMC6681041 DOI: 10.3390/biom9070292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is highly prevalent among the Lebanese adult population and is indeed the major cause of mortality in Lebanon. Traditional use of antihypertensive medicinal plants has long been practiced. The aim of this study is to document this traditional knowledge and clinically test the antihypertensive capacity of three of the most commonly used wild plant species Mentha longifolia, Viola odorata and Urtica dioica. Ethno-pharmacological data was collected by personal interviews with herbalists and traditional healers using a semi structured survey questionnaire and assessing relative frequency of citation (RFC). The clinical study was conducted by a randomized, blind, placebo-controlled trial in 29 subjects with mild hypertension distributed in four groups, three plant extract treatments and one placebo. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) as well as mean arterial blood pressures (MAP) were monitored at weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16 during the treatment with 300 mL/day of plant extract. Results showed that M. longifolia, U. dioica and V. odorata exhibited the highest values of RCF (0.95) followed by Allium ampeloprasum (0.94), Apium graveolens (0.92) and Crataegus azarolus (0.90). The clinical trial revealed dose- and duration-dependent significant reductions in SBP, DBP and MAP of subjects treated with M. longifolia, U. dioica or V. odorata. Our findings indicate that extracts of these plants present an effective, safe and promising potential as a phyto-therapuetical approach for the treatment of mild hypertension. More research on the phytochemistry, pharmacological effects and the underlying mechanisms is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Samaha
- Lebanese International University, Beirut, P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-5020, Lebanon
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Public Health IV, Zahle, P.O. Box 6573/14, Lebanon
- Rayak University Hospital, Rayak, P.O. Box 1200, Lebanon
| | - Mirna Fawaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-5020, Lebanon
| | - Ali Salami
- Lebanese University, Rammal Hassan Rammal Research Laboratory, Physio-toxicity (PhyTox) Research Group, Faculty of Sciences (V), Nabatieh, P.O. Box 6573/14, Lebanon
| | - Safaa Baydoun
- Research Center for Environment and Development, Beirut Arab University, Bekaa, P.O. Box 11-5020, Lebanon.
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.
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Akabli T, Lamchouri F, Senhaji S, Toufik H. Molecular docking, ADME/Tox prediction, and in vitro study of the cell growth inhibitory activity of five β-carboline alkaloids. Struct Chem 2019; 30:1495-504. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-019-01308-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Oyenihi AB, Smith C. Are polyphenol antioxidants at the root of medicinal plant anti-cancer success? J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 229:54-72. [PMID: 30287197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Given the severe side effects associated with most of the conventional cancer medications, as well as the expanding body of evidence indicating secondary toxicity of these drugs, individuals with cancer are increasingly turning to natural alternatives. Similarly, the pharmaceutical industry is in search of natural products to treat cancer. An understanding of the specific active components in plant products with which anti-cancer efficacy is achieved is required for this research to move forward. AIM OF THE STUDY To integrate data from cancer-relatestudies on plant-derived products or extracts, to elucidate whether these products may have similar active ingredients and/or mechanisms of action, that can explain their efficacy. This review also includes a discussion of the methodological complexities and important considerations involved in accurate isolation and characterisation of active substances from plant material. CONCLUSIONS From the literature reviewed, most plant products with consistently reported anti-cancer efficacy contains high levels of polyphenols or other potent antioxidants and their mechanisms of action correlate to that reported for isolated antioxidants in the context of cancer. This suggests that natural products may indeed become the panacea against this chronic disease - either as therapeutic medicine strategy or to serve as templates for the design of novel synthetic drugs. The recommendation is made that antioxidant activity of plant actives and especially polyphenols, should be the focus of anti-cancer drug discovery initiatives. Lastly, researchers are advised to exploit current techniques of chemical compound characterisation when investigating polyphenol-rich plants to enable the easy consolidation of research findings from different laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Oyenihi
- Dept Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - C Smith
- Dept Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.
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Kharchoufa L, Merrouni IA, Yamani A, Elachouri M. Profile on medicinal plants used by the people of North Eastern Morocco: Toxicity concerns. Toxicon 2018; 154:90-113. [PMID: 30243516 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the North Eastern region of Morocco, many people are interested in medicinal plants and their uses. However, the rationale for the utilization of medicinal plants has remained largely underestimated with little or no scientific data on plant safety. In this paper we attempt to describe and establish a detailed list of current knowledge in relation to the toxicity of these plants and to evaluate the scientific data concerning the harmful effects of the selected natural products. Our approach consists of collecting published data from literature in specialized journals, books and website related to the toxic plants. This research revealed that 89 plant species, retrieved from 287 plants used as medicine in the North-Eastern region of Morocco, are considered toxic or present some kind of toxicity. Our data determines 55 compounds isolated from the plants which are dominated by five groups of toxic compounds: alkaloids followed by glucosides, terpenoids, protides and phenolics. The present work discusses toxicity-related issues arising from the use of medicinal plants by local people. We conclude that the database considered in this study could serve as an important source of information on the toxicity of medicinal plants used by this society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Kharchoufa
- Laboratoire de Physiologie, Génétique et Ethnopharmacologie URAC-40, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Ilyass Alami Merrouni
- Laboratoire de Physiologie, Génétique et Ethnopharmacologie URAC-40, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Amal Yamani
- Laboratoire de Physiologie, Génétique et Ethnopharmacologie URAC-40, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Mostafa Elachouri
- Laboratoire de Physiologie, Génétique et Ethnopharmacologie URAC-40, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco.
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Akabli T, Toufik H, Yasri A, Bih H, Lamchouri F. Combining ligand-based and structure-based drug design approaches to study the structure-activity relationships of a β-carboline derivative series. Struct Chem 2018; 29:1637-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-018-1141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mashak B, Hoseinzadeh M, Ehsanpour A, Ghanbaran AR, Vakili M. Evaluation of Treatment Response and Side Effects of Spinal-Z in Patients with Metastatic Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 6. [DOI: 10.5812/jjcdc.57870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ahmadinejad N, Tari MT. Nuclear magnetic and nuclear quadrupole resonance parameters of β-carboline derivatives calculated using density functional theory. Russ J Phys Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024417040185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bournine L, Bensalem S, Fatmi S, Bedjou F, Mathieu V, Iguer-Ouada M, Kiss R, Duez P. Evaluation of the cytotoxic and cytostatic activities of alkaloid extracts from different parts of Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae). Eur J Integr Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Komeili G, Hashemi M, Bameri-Niafar M. Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Peganum harmala Seeds in Diabetic Rats. Cholesterol 2016; 2016:7389864. [PMID: 27190643 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7389864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic properties of hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. In an experimental study, 64 normal Wistar albino male rats (200–230 g) were randomly divided into 8 groups. Control and diabetic rats were treated with normal saline and three different doses (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg) of hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds for 4 weeks orally. At the end of treatment, blood samples were taken and glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TCA), ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) were determined. STZ-induced diabetic rats showed significant changes in the values of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, MDA, TAC, ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and HbA1C in comparison with normal rats. Administration of the extract to diabetic rats resulted in a remarkable decrease in glucose, lipid profiles, MDA, ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and HbA1C levels and increase in TAC relative to diabetic group. The results of this study indicated that hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds possesses antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities and could be useful in treatment of diabetes.
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Ntie-Kang F, Njume LE, Malange YI, Günther S, Sippl W, Yong JN. The Chemistry and Biological Activities of Natural Products from Northern African Plant Families: From Taccaceae to Zygophyllaceae. Nat Prod Bioprospect 2016; 6:63-96. [PMID: 26931529 PMCID: PMC4805656 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-016-0091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditional medicinal practices have a profound influence on the daily lives of people living in developing countries, particularly in Africa, since the populations cannot generally afford the cost of Western medicines. We have undertaken to investigate the correlation between the uses of plants in Traditional African medicine and the biological activities of the derived natural products, with the aim to validate the use of traditional medicine in Northern African communities. The literature is covered for the period 1959-2015 and part III of this review series focuses on plant families with names beginning with letters T to Z. The authors have focused on curating data from journals in natural products and phytomedicine. Within each journal home page, a query search based on country name was conducted. All articles "hits" were then verified, one at a time, that the species was harvested within the Northern African geographical regions. The current data partly constitutes the bases for the development of the Northern African natural compounds database. The review discusses 284 plant-based natural compounds from 34 species and 11 families. It was observed that the ethnobotanical uses of less than 40 % of the plant species surveyed correlated with the bioactivities of compounds identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidele Ntie-Kang
- />Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Leonel E. Njume
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chemical and Bioactivity Information Centre, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Yvette I. Malange
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Stefan Günther
- />Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Group Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 9, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- />Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Joseph N. Yong
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
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Wang Y, Wang C, Jiang C, Zeng H, He X. Novel mechanism of harmaline on inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by up-regulating Fas/FasL in SGC-7901 cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18613. [PMID: 26678950 PMCID: PMC4683523 DOI: 10.1038/srep18613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmaline (HAR), a natural occurrence β-carboline alkaloid, was isolated from the seeds of Peganum harmala and exhibited potent antitumor effect. In this study, the anti-gastric tumor effects of HAR were firstly investigated in vitro and in vivo. The results strongly showed that HAR could inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce G2/M cell cycle arrest accompanied by an increase in apoptotic cell death in SGC-7901 cancer cells. HAR could up-regulate the expressions of cell cycle-related proteins of p-Cdc2, p21, p-p53, Cyclin B and down-regulate the expression of p-Cdc25C. In addition, HAR could up-regulate the expressions of Fas/FasL, activated Caspase-8 and Caspase-3. Moreover, blocking Fas/FasL signaling could markedly inhibit the apoptosis caused by HAR, suggesting that Fas/FasL mediated pathways were involved in HAR-induced apoptosis. Interestingly, HAR could also exert on antitumor activity with a dose of 15 mg/kg/day in vivo, which was also related with cell cycle arrest. These new findings provided a framework for further exploration of HAR which possess the potential antitumor activity by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chenguang Jiang
- Huangshan Jingzhi Pharmaceutical Company of Nanjing Tongrentang Group, Huangshan 245999, China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Xinjiang Production &Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim 843300, China
| | - Xiangjiu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Yavari N, Emamian F, Yarani R, Reza Mohammadi-Motlagh H, Mansouri K, Mostafaie A. In vitro inhibition of angiogenesis by heat and low pH stable hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds via inhibition of cell proliferation and suppression of VEGF secretion. Pharm Biol 2015; 53:855-861. [PMID: 25471082 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.946057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Progression of cancer cells is completely dependent on its angiogenesis. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis has shed new light on cancer treatment. As a result, anti-angiogenesis therapy represents one of the most significant advances in clinical oncology. Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) is a native plant from the eastern Iranian region, which is used as a traditional folk medicine. Although some biological properties of this plant are determined, its effect on angiogenesis is still unclear. OBJECTIVE We investigated the anti-angiogenic effects of heat and low pH stable hydroalcoholic extract of P. harmala seeds on endothelial cells (ECs) proliferation and VEGF secretion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dried Peganum seeds were purchased from Kermanshah Traditional Bazar in 2011. Hydroalcoholic extract of dried seeds (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 150 μg/ml) was used for in vitro evaluation of its cytotoxicity, anti-proliferative, and anti-angiogenic effects on ECs. In vitro effect of the extract on VEGF secretion was assayed using ELISA. RESULTS Treatment with hydroalcoholic extract at seven different concentrations resulted in significant decrease of ECs proliferation and angiogenesis with an ID50 of ∼ 85 μg/ml. VEGF secretion was (inhibited) decreased by the extracts at concentrations higher than 10 μg/ml. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Herbal plant extracts still attract attention owing to their fewer side effects comparing to synthetic drug agents. Current study indicated that hydroalcoholic extract of P. harmala seeds contains a potent anti-angiogenic component, which exerts its inhibitory effect mainly through down-regulation of essential mediators such as VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Yavari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Abstract
Pancreatic and liver cancers often have poor prognoses. Clinically, pancreatic and liver cancer requires early diagnosis, and surgery is often associated with tumor recurrence. Currently, chemotherapies are limited in their ability to accurately target the tumors, and are associated with significant toxicity in patients. Targeting of chemotherapy can be improved by encapsulation in nanocarriers. A variety of preclinical studies indicate relatively superior therapeutic outcomes compared with drug alone therapy. Targeted nanoparticle imaging agents may also additionally facilitate better diagnosis and improve patient outcomes. This review discusses the nanoformulations that are under investigation (mainly preclinical studies, but also with some current clinical trial examples) against pancreatic and liver cancers, understands the challenges and provides future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Coutinho de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, MS 60, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Ashish Ranjan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA
| | - Rheal A Towner
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, MS 60, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Hršak D, Holmegaard L, Poulsen AS, List NH, Kongsted J, Denofrio MP, Erra-Balsells R, Cabrerizo FM, Christiansen O, Ogilby PR. Experimental and computational study of solvent effects on one- and two-photon absorption spectra of chlorinated harmines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:12090-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00773a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a combined experimental and computational study of one- and two-photon absorption spectra of protonated chloroharmines in aqueous and acetonitrile solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalibor Hršak
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging, Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - Lotte Holmegaard
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging, Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - Anton S. Poulsen
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging, Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - Nanna H. List
- Department of Physics
- Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Southern Denmark
- 5230 Odense M
- Denmark
| | - Jacob Kongsted
- Department of Physics
- Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Southern Denmark
- 5230 Odense M
- Denmark
| | - M. Paula Denofrio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH)
- Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones
- Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
| | - Rosa Erra-Balsells
- CIHIDECAR–CONICET
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Ciudad Universitaria
| | - Franco M. Cabrerizo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH)
- Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones
- Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
| | - Ove Christiansen
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging, Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - Peter R. Ogilby
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging, Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
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Bensalem S, Soubhye J, Aldib I, Bournine L, Nguyen AT, Vanhaeverbeek M, Rousseau A, Boudjeltia KZ, Sarakbi A, Kauffmann JM, Nève J, Prévost M, Stévigny C, Maiza-Benabdesselam F, Bedjou F, Van Antwerpen P, Duez P. Inhibition of myeloperoxidase activity by the alkaloids of Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 154:361-369. [PMID: 24746482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Seeds and aerial parts of Peganum harmala L. are widely used in Algeria as anti-inflammatory remedies. Evaluation of Peganum harmala total alkaloids extracts and pure β-carboline compounds as an anti-inflammatory treatment by the inhibition of an enzyme key of inflammatory, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and HPLC quantification of the alkaloids from the different parts of plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS MPO inhibition was tested using taurine chloramine test. The inhibition of LDL oxidation induced by MPO was carried out. The molecular docking analysis of Peganum harmala alkaloids on MPO was performed using the Glide XP docking protocol and scoring function and the redox potential of alkaloids was determined using an Epsilon potentiostat. The concentration of harmala alkaloids was determined using HPLC analysis. RESULTS The HPLC profiling of the active total alkaloids indicates that β-carboline e.g. harmine, harmaline, harmane, harmol and harmalol are major components. As β-carbolines resemble tryptamine, of which derivatives are efficient inhibitors of MPO, the harmala alkaloids were tested for their activity on this enzyme. Total alkaloids of the seeds and of the aerial parts strongly inhibited MPO at 20µg/mL (97±5% and 43±4%, respectively) whereas, at the same concentration, those of the roots showed very low inhibition (15±6%). Harmine, harmaline and harmane demonstrated a significant inhibition of MPO at IC50 of 0.26, 0.08 and 0.72µM respectively. These alkaloids exerted a similar inhibition effects on MPO-induced LDL oxidation. Molecular docking analysis of Peganum harmala alkaloids on MPO showed that all active Peganum harmala alkaloids have a high affinity on the active site of MPO (predicted free energies of binding up to -3.1kcal/mol). Measurement of redox potentials versus the normal hydrogen electrode clearly differentiated (i) the high MPO inhibitory activity of harmine, harmaline and harmane (+1014, 1014 and 1003mV, respectively); and (ii) the low activity of harmalol and harmol (+629/778 and 532/644mV, respectively). A reverse phase HPLC method has been developed to determine simultaneously five alkaloids of Peganum harmala. Seeds contained all five β-carboline derivatives with the main active alkaloids, harmaline and harmine, being up to 3.8% and 2.9%, respectively. Up to 3.2% of harmine was determined in the roots. The four β-carboline derivatives, harmine, harmaline, harmane and harmalol were identified in the aerial parts. The highest inhibitory effect observed in seeds and the moderate effect of aerial parts could be explained by their harmine and harmaline content. In contrast, the very weak inhibition of the root extract, despite the presence of harmine, may tentatively be explained by the high concentration of harmol which can reduce Compound II of MPO to the native form. CONCLUSION The inhibition of MPO by Peganum harmala β-carboline alkaloids, herein reported for the first time, may explain the anti-inflammatory effect traditionally attributed to its herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihem Bensalem
- Laboratoire Biotechnologie Végétales et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Abderrahmane Mira de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algérie; Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Bromatologie et Nutrition Humaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique.
| | - Jalal Soubhye
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique.
| | - Iyas Aldib
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Lamine Bournine
- Laboratoire Biotechnologie Végétales et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Abderrahmane Mira de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Anh Tho Nguyen
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Bromatologie et Nutrition Humaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Michel Vanhaeverbeek
- Laboratoire de Médicine Expérimentale, CHU Charleroi, A. Vesale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgique
| | - Alexandre Rousseau
- Laboratoire de Médicine Expérimentale, CHU Charleroi, A. Vesale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgique
| | - Karim Zouaoui Boudjeltia
- Laboratoire de Médicine Expérimentale, CHU Charleroi, A. Vesale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgique
| | - Ahmad Sarakbi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Instrumentale et Bioélectrochimie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Jean Michel Kauffmann
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Instrumentale et Bioélectrochimie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Jean Nève
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Martine Prévost
- Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Bromatologie et Nutrition Humaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Fadila Maiza-Benabdesselam
- Laboratoire Biotechnologie Végétales et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Abderrahmane Mira de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Fatiha Bedjou
- Laboratoire Biotechnologie Végétales et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Abderrahmane Mira de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Pierre Van Antwerpen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique; Plateforme Analytique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Pierre Duez
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Bromatologie et Nutrition Humaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique
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Seyed Hassan Tehrani S, Hashemi Sheikh Shabani S, Tahmasebi Enferadi S, Rabiei Z. Growth Inhibitory Impact of Peganum harmala L. on Two Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Iran J Biotech 2014; 12. [DOI: 10.5812/ijb.18562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bei YY, Yuan ZQ, Zhang L, Zhou XF, Chen WL, Xia P, Liu Y, You BG, Hu XJ, Zhu QL, Zhang CG, Zhang XN, Jin Y. Novel self-assembled micelles based on palmitoyl-trimethyl-chitosan for efficient delivery of harmine to liver cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:843-54. [PMID: 24655139 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.893292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymeric micelles is a safe and effective delivery system, which belong to the targeted delivery system (TDS). An anticancer drug, harmine(HM) is a hydrophobic drug with much adverse effects when used for treatment of liver cancer. Chitosan (CS) is a polysaccharide and can be modified to be an amphiphilic polmer which could self-assemble into micelles and be applied for delivery of hydrophobic drugs. OBJECTIVES To synthesize three kinds of novel biodegradable polymers, designated as palmitoyl-trimethyl-CS (TPCS)1, TPCS2 and Lac-TPCS2, and investigate their efficiency and mechanism of delivery HM to liver tumors in vitro and in viro. RESULTS The self-assembled micelles presented satisfactory particle size (∼ 200 nm) and drug release characteristics in vitro. It's proved that Lac-TPCS2/HM may enter HepG2 cell through endocytosis. Antitumor experiments in vivo revealed that Lac-TPCS2/HM could significantly inhibit tumor growth and extend the lifetime of mice bearing H22 tumors after intravenous administration. Subsequently in vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging results demonstrated a satisfactory liver tumor-targeting effect of Lac-TPCS2/HM. CONCLUSION Three novel polymers hold great potential in the development of nanomedicine for treatment of liver tumors, in particular Lac-TPCS2 exhibits the greatest antitumor potential through active target effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yan Bei
- Soochow University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics , Suzhou 215123, Jiang Su Province , People's Republic of China +86 0512 65882087 ; +86 0512 65882087 ;
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Afifi FU, Kasabri V. Pharmacological and phytochemical appraisal of selected medicinal plants from jordan with claimed antidiabetic activities. Sci Pharm 2013; 81:889-932. [PMID: 24482764 PMCID: PMC3867248 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1212-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant species have long been regarded as possessing the principal ingredients used in widely disseminated ethnomedical practices. Different surveys showed that medicinal plant species used by the inhabitants of Jordan for the traditional treatment of diabetes are inadequately screened for their therapeutic/preventive potential and phytochemical findings. In this review, traditional herbal medicine pursued indigenously with its methods of preparation and its active constituents are listed. Studies of random screening for selective antidiabetic bioactivity and plausible mechanisms of action of local species, domesticated greens, or wild plants are briefly discussed. Recommended future directives incurring the design and conduct of comprehensive trials are pointed out to validate the usefulness of these active plants or bioactive secondary metabolites either alone or in combination with existing conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma U. Afifi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Street, 11942 Amman, Jordan
| | - Violet Kasabri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Street, 11942 Amman, Jordan
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Khan FA, Maalik A, Iqbal Z, Malik I. Recent pharmacological developments in β-carboline alkaloid "harmaline". Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 721:391-4. [PMID: 23707188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peganum harmala (L) is a perennial plant which is native of eastern Iranian and west of India but also found in different regions of western USA. A number of β-carboline compounds with therapeutic importance and different pharmacological effects, are present in this plant. Among other alkaloids, such as, harmine, harmalol and vasicine, isolated from various parts of the plant, harmaline is considered as most valuable with reference to its medicinal importance. Harmaline has been extensively studied in last decade and known to exert multiple pharmacological effects including antileishmanial, antimicrobial, antiplatelet, antiplasmodial, antitumoral, hypothermic and vasorelaxant activity. The proposed work is intended to highlight the recent pharmacological aspects of β-carboline alkaloid "harmaline".
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan A Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan.
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Bei YY, Zhou XF, You BG, Yuan ZQ, Chen WL, Xia P, Liu Y, Jin Y, Hu XJ, Zhu QL, Zhang CG, Zhang XN, Zhang L. Application of the central composite design to optimize the preparation of novel micelles of harmine. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:1795-808. [PMID: 23674893 PMCID: PMC3652517 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s43555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactose–palmitoyl–trimethyl–chitosan (Lac-TPCS), a novel amphipathic self-assembled polymer, was synthesized for administration of insoluble drugs to reduce their adverse effects. The central composite design was used to study the preparation technique of harmine (HM)-loaded self-assembled micelles based on Lac-TPCS (Lac-TPCS/HM). Three preparation methods and single factors were screened, including solvent type, HM amount, hydration volume, and temperature. The optimal preparation technique was identified after investigating the influence of two independent factors, namely, HM amount and hydration volume, on four indexes, ie, encapsulation efficiency (EE), drug-loading amount (LD), particle size, and polydispersity index (PDI). Analysis of variance showed a high coefficient of determination of 0.916 to 0.994, thus ensuring a satisfactory adjustment of the predicted prescription. The maximum predicted values of the optimal prescription were 91.62%, 14.20%, 183.3 nm, and 0.214 for EE, LD, size, and PDI, respectively, when HM amount was 1.8 mg and hydration volume was 9.6 mL. HM-loaded micelles were successfully characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and a fluorescence-quenching experiment. Sustained release of Lac-TPCS/HM reached 65.3% in 72 hours at pH 7.4, while free HM released about 99.7% under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yan Bei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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Shao H, Huang X, Zhang Y, Zhang C. Main alkaloids of Peganum harmala L. and their different effects on dicot and monocot crops. Molecules 2013; 18:2623-34. [PMID: 23446919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18032623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids with allelopathic activity are not as well-known as other allelochemicals. Our study revealed that total alkaloids from seeds of the medicinal plant Peganum harmala L. possessed significant growth inhibitory effect on four treated plants, with dicot plants (lettuce and amaranth) being more sensitive than the tested monocot plants (wheat and ryegrass). Further investigation led to the isolation of harmaline and harmine as the main active ingredients in the total alkaloids of P. harmala seeds. Harmaline exerted potent inhibitory effects on seedling growth of treated plants, especially dicots, inhibiting root elongation of lettuce and amaranth by 31% and 47% at a very low concentration (5 µg/mL), whereas harmine exhibited much weaker non-selective inhibitory effect on the plants. Considering the high yield and poor utilization of P. harmala in China, we anticipate that this plant could be exploited as an alternative weed management tool in the future.
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Khlifi D, Sghaier RM, Amouri S, Laouini D, Hamdi M, Bouajila J. Composition and anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities of Artemisia herba-alba, Ruta chalpensis L. and Peganum harmala L. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 55:202-8. [PMID: 23333573 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, biological activities of methanolic extracts from Artemisia herba-alba, Ruta chalpensis L. and Peganum harmala L. plants, collected in Centre of Tunisia, were investigated. Results showed an important phenolic composition of Artemisia herba-alba (123.95±4.3g GAE/kg of dry mass). The extract of this plant showed, using different antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS and AAPH/linoleic acid methods) and an IFN-γ/LPS induced RAW 264.7 murine macrophages' assay, the highest antioxidant (IC50 (DPPH assay) 20.64±0.84mg/L) and anti-inflammatory (72% inhibition at 150mg/L) activities, respectively. Excepting Peganum harmala L. extract, the two other extracts showed a high anticancer activity against several cell lines (human bladder carcinoma RT112, human laryngeal carcinoma Hep2 and human myelogenous leukemia K562), for A. herba-laba IC50=81.59±4.4, 59.05±3.66 and 90.96mg/L respectively, but not on normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. All these biological activities are well correlated with the phenolic contents of these extracts. These findings demonstrate the remarkable potential of these plants as valuable source of antioxidants with exhibit original and interesting anti-inflammatory and anticancer capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daycem Khlifi
- Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique, UMR CNRS 5623, Université Paul-Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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Lamchouri F, Toufik H, Elmalki Z, Bouzzine SM, Ait Malek H, Hamidi M, Bouachrine M. Quantitative structure–activity relationship of antitumor and neurotoxic β-carbolines alkaloids: nine harmine derivatives. Res Chem Intermed 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-012-0752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zheng XY, Zhang L, Cheng XM, Zhang ZJ, Wang CH, Wang ZT. Identification of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from seeds of plants of genusPeganumby thin-layer chromatography-bioautography. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2011. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.24.2011.6.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ben-Arye E, Lev E, Schiff E. Complementary medicine oncology research in the Middle-East: Shifting from traditional to integrative cancer care. Eur J Integr Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cheng XM, Zhao T, Yang T, Wang CH, Bligh SWA, Wang ZT. HPLC fingerprints combined with principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and linear discriminant analysis for the classification and differentiation of Peganum sp. indigenous to China. Phytochem Anal 2010; 21:279-289. [PMID: 20020435 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Seeds of wild Peganum harmala Linn., P. multisectum (Maxim) Bobr., P. nigellastrum Bunge and a probable indeterminate species, herein referred to as P. variety, are commonly used in Chinese medicine. These seeds cannot be differentiated based on morphology. OBJECTIVE Seeds of P. harmala Linn., P. multisectum (Maxim) Bobr., P. nigellastrum Bunge and P. variety were collected in different provinces in China and their HPLC profiles were recorded for statistical analysis and pattern recognition.Methodology - HPLC chromatograms of seed extracts were recorded under the same conditions. Individual HPLC chromatograms for each species were evaluated against the mean chromatogram for the same species generated using a similarity evaluation computer program. Data from chromatographic fingerprints were also processed using principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). RESULTS The Peganum sp. seed extracts had similar HPLC fingerprints but with some inter-specific differences. The chromatographic fingerprints combined with PCA, HCA and LDA could distinguish the seeds of the different species of Peganum investigated. CONCLUSION HPLC fingerprints can be used to authenticate and differentiate the seeds of three different species of genus Peganum indigenous to China. The results indicated that the unidentified P. variety might indeed be a new species or variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-mei Cheng
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardisation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
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Nenaah G. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of (beta)-carboline alkaloids of Peganum harmala (L) seeds and their combination effects. Fitoterapia 2010; 81:779-82. [PMID: 20398742 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Revised: 04/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The β-carboline alkaloids of Peganum harmala L were extracted through a bioassay-guided fractionation and their antimicrobial activities were investigated. Results revealed significant differences (P>0.05) between compounds depending on the microorganism tested and the application method. When examined individually, harmine was the most effective against Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans where inhibition zones ranged between 21.2 and 24.7 mm. Potentiality of the alkaloids was increased when applied as binary mixtures suggesting a kind of synergistic interaction with inhibition zones reaching 31.5mm with the total alkaloidal extract. We recommended the use of such compounds as new antimicrobial biorationals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gomah Nenaah
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
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Zheng XY, Zhang ZJ, Chou GX, Wu T, Cheng XM, Wang CH, Wang ZT. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitive activity-guided isolation of two new alkaloids from seeds of Peganum nigellastrum Bunge by an in vitro TLC- bioautographic assay. Arch Pharm Res 2009; 32:1245-51. [PMID: 19784581 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-009-1910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) currently form the basis of the newest drugs available for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. For the aim of screening effective AChEIs, the methanol extracts of the seeds of genus Peganum were found to show significant inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) using an in vitro TLC-bioautographic assay. In further studies to seed of P. nigellastrum Bunge, activity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two new alkaloids nigellastrine I (9) and nigellastrine II (10), and along with eight known alkaloids, vasicinone (1), vasicine (2), harmine (3), deoxyvasicinone (4), deoxyvasicine (5), harmaline (6), harmol (7), harman (8), in which harmol and harman were first isolated from species P. nigellastrum Bunge. As active constituents, all compounds showed good inhibitory activities against AChE. The results of in vitro semi-quality TLC-bioautographic assay showed that harmine, harmaline and harmol displayed a similar AChE inhibitive activities comparing to galanthamine. These results indicated that these alkaloids in P. nigellastrum Bunge could be a potent class of AChEIs.
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Abstract
Chemical composition of the floral nectar of Peganum harmala, a herbaceous medicinal perennial of the family Zygophyllaceae, was analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography technique. The nectar sugar detection experiments resulted in 33.1, 39.8 and 27.4%, respectively, for fructose, glucose and sucrose, upon which the nectar was classified as hexose rich. In addition, 11 proteinaceous amino acids were recognised and quantified in the nectar. Concentration of the insects' favoured amino acid, prolin, was markedly high. Furthermore, among four detected alkaloids, harmalol and harmine as the two beta-carboline derivatives were identified. These findings may confer a better understanding upon outcrossing processes and favour the plant-pollinator relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Movafeghi
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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Ma Z, Hano Y, Qiu F, Shao G, Chen Y, Nomura T. Triterpenoids and Alkaloids from the Roots of Peganum Nigellastrum. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Four lupane-type triterpenoids (1–4) and seven alkaloids (5–11) were isolated from the roots of Peganum nigellastrum. On the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence, the structures of the compounds were elucidated as 3α-hydroxy-27- trans-caffeoyloxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid methyl ester (1), 3β-hydroxy-27- trans-caffeoyloxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid methyl ester (2), 3α-acetoxy-27- trans-caffeoyloxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid methyl ester (3), 3β-acetoxy-27- trans-caffeoyloxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid methyl ester (4), luotonin C (5), luotonin D (6), harmine (7), harmol (8), harmaline (9), deoxyvasicinone (10) and vasicinone (11). Compounds 1, 3 and 4 are novel triterpenoids, and these pentacyclic triterpenoids were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against the androgen-sensitive LNCaP and androgen-independent PC-3 human prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongze Ma
- Bio-Organic and Natural Products Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Feng Qiu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Gang Shao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Taro Nomura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
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Zaker F, Oody A, Arjmand A. A study on the antitumoral and differentiation effects of peganum harmala derivatives in combination with ATRA on leukaemic cells. Arch Pharm Res 2007; 30:844-9. [PMID: 17703736 DOI: 10.1007/bf02978835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Plant derived agents may exert a new approach to the treatment of leukaemia. The present study was an evaluation of proliferation, cytotoxicity and differentiation of harmine and harmaline on HL60 cells, alone or in combination with ATRA and G-CSF. Counting of cells, viability, MTT assay, morphology, NBT reduction and flow cytometry analysis were performed using CD11b and CD 14 monoclonal antibodies. The data showed that harmine and harmaline reduced proliferation in dose and time dependent manner. Optimal antiproliferative concentration of these agents was chosen. However, both agents in higher doses were cytotoxic. Combination of ATRA, G-CSF and each agent alone, particularly harmaline in optimal dose, resulted in partially additive decrease in cell proliferation. Cells treated with both harmaline and ATRA demonstrated some morphological changes and NBT positivity, but the extent of changes observed following treatment with harmaline was less than ATRA. Flow cytometric analysis showed that ATRA induced a neutrophilic differentiation, while harmaline led to a predominantly monocytic differentiation. Combination of harmine and harmaline with ATRA and G-CSF did not change the extent of differentiation, and the cells differentiated into the neutrophilic lineage. This shows that the direction of differentiation is dominantly determined by ATRA. These preliminary data implies a new approach in treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Zaker
- Iran University of Medical sciences, Department of Hematology and Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Tehran.
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Hemmateenejad B, Abbaspour A, Maghami H, Miri R, Panjehshahin MR. Partial least squares-based multivariate spectral calibration method for simultaneous determination of beta-carboline derivatives in Peganum harmala seed extracts. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 575:290-9. [PMID: 17723604 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Revised: 05/17/2006] [Accepted: 05/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The partial least squares regression method has been applied for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of harmine, harmane, harmalol and harmaline in Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) seeds. The effect of pH was optimized employing multivariate definition of selectivity and sensitivity and best results were obtained in basic media (pH>9). The calibration models were optimized for number of latent variables by the cross-validation procedure. Determinations were made over the concentration range of 0.15-10 microg mL(-1). The proposed method was validated by applying it to the analysis of the beta-carbolines in synthetic quaternary mixtures of media at pH 9 and 11. The relative standard errors of prediction were less than 4% in most cases. Analysis of P. harmala seeds by the proposed models for contents of the beta-carboline derivatives resulted in 1.84%, 0.16%, 0.25% and 3.90% for harmine, harmane, harmaline and harmalol, respectively. The results were validated against an existing HPLC method and it no significant differences were observed between the results of two methods.
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Jahaniani F, Ebrahimi SA, Rahbar-Roshandel N, Mahmoudian M. Xanthomicrol is the main cytotoxic component of Dracocephalum kotschyii and a potential anti-cancer agent. Phytochemistry 2005; 66:1581-92. [PMID: 15949825 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2005] [Revised: 04/23/2005] [Accepted: 04/25/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Spinal-Z, a methanolic mixture of dried powdered seeds of Peganum harmala Linn. and leaf of Dracocephalum kotschyii Boiss. is an Iranian ethno-medical remedy. It has been used for the treatment of various types of cancer for many years. To evaluate the use of Spinal-Z in treatment of cancer, we examined its effects against a panel of malignant cell lines and tumors induced in mice. The in vitro antiproliferative activities of Spinal-Z, the seed extract of P. harmala and the leaf extract of D. kotschyii were determined using the MTT assay. The concentration of the agent required to inhibit cell growth by 50% (IC50) was estimated. In addition, the anti-tumor activities of the remedy and its constituents were investigated. Viability of cells treated with Spinal-Z and its components decreased in a dose dependent manner. Spinal-Z and its components showed cytotoxic effects against all cell lines tested. The leaf extract of D. kotschyii showed a greater preferential cytotoxic effect than the seed extract of P. harmala and Spinal-Z, on all cell lines tested. Harmine showed cytotoxicity against HL60 and K562 cell lines. This could explain the cytotoxic effect of P. harmala on these cells. The leaf extract of D. kotschyii was able to inhibit tumor proliferation in mice. The active ingredient in the leaf extract of D. kotschyii appears to be a flavone identified as xanthomicrol. Xanthomicrol was able to inhibit proliferation of a number of malignant cells. The cytotoxic effects of xanthomicrol were more selective towards malignant cells than doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Jahaniani
- Razi Institute for Drug Research, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shaheed Hemmat Expressway, P.O. Box 14155-6183, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
A simple and sensitive method for separation and determination of harmol, harmalol, harmine and harmaline has been developed and validated. Harmol, harmalol, harmine and harmaline were separated using a Metasil ODS column by isocratic elution with flow rate 1.5 ml/min. The mobile phase composition was Isopropyl alcohol-Acetonitrile-Water-Formic acid (100:100:300:0.3) (v/v/v/v) and pH adjusted 8.6 with triethylamine. Spectrophotometric detection was carried out at 330 nm. The linear range of detection for harmol, harmalol, harmine and harmaline were between 9.375-250, 30.750-246, 31.250-500 and 31.000-248 microg/ml, respectively. The method described was suitable for the determination of harmol, harmalol, harmine and harmaline in the seeds of Peganum harmala L.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kartal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
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