1
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Minnie SA, Waltner OG, Zhang P, Takahashi S, Nemychenkov NS, Ensbey KS, Schmidt CR, Legg SRW, Comstock M, Boiko JR, Nelson E, Bhise SS, Wilkens AB, Koyama M, Dhodapkar MV, Chesi M, Riddell SR, Green DJ, Spencer A, Furlan SN, Hill GR. TIM-3 + CD8 T cells with a terminally exhausted phenotype retain functional capacity in hematological malignancies. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadg1094. [PMID: 38640253 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adg1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Chronic antigen stimulation is thought to generate dysfunctional CD8 T cells. Here, we identify a CD8 T cell subset in the bone marrow tumor microenvironment that, despite an apparent terminally exhausted phenotype (TPHEX), expressed granzymes, perforin, and IFN-γ. Concurrent gene expression and DNA accessibility revealed that genes encoding these functional proteins correlated with BATF expression and motif accessibility. IFN-γ+ TPHEX effectively killed myeloma with comparable efficacy to transitory effectors, and disease progression correlated with numerical deficits in IFN-γ+ TPHEX. We also observed IFN-γ+ TPHEX within CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells, which killed CD19+ leukemia cells. An IFN-γ+ TPHEX gene signature was recapitulated in TEX cells from human cancers, including myeloma and lymphoma. Here, we characterize a TEX subset in hematological malignancies that paradoxically retains function and is distinct from dysfunctional TEX found in chronic viral infections. Thus, IFN-γ+ TPHEX represent a potential target for immunotherapy of blood cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone A Minnie
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Olivia G Waltner
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shuichiro Takahashi
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicole S Nemychenkov
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kathleen S Ensbey
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christine R Schmidt
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samuel R W Legg
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melissa Comstock
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julie R Boiko
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ethan Nelson
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shruti S Bhise
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alec B Wilkens
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Motoko Koyama
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Madhav V Dhodapkar
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marta Chesi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Stanley R Riddell
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Damian J Green
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Australian Center for Blood Diseases, Monash University/Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Scott N Furlan
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Jeong M, Cortopassi F, See JX, De La Torre C, Cerwenka A, Stojanovic A. Vitamin A-treated natural killer cells reduce interferon-gamma production and support regulatory T-cell differentiation. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2250342. [PMID: 38593338 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate cytotoxic lymphocytes that contribute to immune responses against stressed, transformed, or infected cells. NK cell effector functions are regulated by microenvironmental factors, including cytokines, metabolites, and nutrients. Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient that plays an indispensable role in embryogenesis and development, but was also reported to regulate immune responses. However, the role of vitamin A in regulating NK cell functions remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the most prevalent vitamin A metabolite, all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), induces transcriptional and functional changes in NK cells leading to altered metabolism and reduced IFN-γ production in response to a wide range of stimuli. atRA-exposed NK cells display a reduced ability to support dendritic cell (DC) maturation and to eliminate immature DCs. Moreover, they support the polarization and proliferation of regulatory T cells. These results imply that in vitamin A-enriched environments, NK cells can acquire functions that might promote tolerogenic immunity and/or immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingeum Jeong
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Francesco Cortopassi
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jia-Xiang See
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolina De La Torre
- NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Adelheid Cerwenka
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ana Stojanovic
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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3
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Taheri M, Tehrani HA, Daliri F, Alibolandi M, Soleimani M, Shoari A, Arefian E, Ramezani M. Bioengineering strategies to enhance the interleukin-18 bioactivity in the modern toolbox of cancer immunotherapy. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 75:65-80. [PMID: 37813764 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are the first modern immunotherapeutic agents used for activation immunotherapy. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) has emerged as a potent anticancer immunostimulatory cytokine over the past three decades. IL-18, structurally is a stable protein with very low toxicity at biological doses. IL-18 promotes the process of antigen presentation and also enhances innate and acquired immune responses. It can induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines and increase tumor infiltration of effector immune cells to revert the immunosuppressive milieu of tumors. Furthermore, IL-18 can reduce tumorigenesis, suppress tumor angiogenesis, and induce tumor cell apoptosis. These characteristics present IL-18 as a promising option for cancer immunotherapy. Although several preclinical studies have reported the immunotherapeutic potential of IL-18, clinical trials using it as a monotherapy agent have reported disappointing results. These results may be due to some biological characteristics of IL-18. Several bioengineering approaches have been successfully used to correct its defects as a bioadjuvant. Currently, the challenge with this anticancer immunotherapeutic agent is mainly how to use its capabilities in a rational combinatorial therapy for clinical applications. The present study discussed the strengths and weaknesses of IL-18 as an immunotherapeutic agent, followed by comprehensive review of various promising bioengineering approaches that have been used to overcome its disadvantages. Finally, this study highlights the promising application of IL-18 in modern combinatorial therapies, such as chemotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade therapy, cell-based immunotherapy and cancer vaccines to guide future studies, circumventing the barriers to administration of IL-18 for clinical applications, and bring it to fruition as a potent immunotherapy agent in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Taheri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdul Tehrani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
| | - Alireza Shoari
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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4
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Reinke S, Pantazi E, Chappell GR, Sanchez-Martinez A, Guyon R, Fergusson JR, Salman AM, Aktar A, Mukhopadhyay E, Ventura RA, Auderset F, Dubois PM, Collin N, Hill AVS, Bezbradica JS, Milicic A. Emulsion and liposome-based adjuvanted R21 vaccine formulations mediate protection against malaria through distinct immune mechanisms. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101245. [PMID: 37913775 PMCID: PMC10694591 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Adjuvanted protein vaccines offer high efficacy, yet most potent adjuvants remain proprietary. Several adjuvant compounds are being developed by the Vaccine Formulation Institute in Switzerland for global open access clinical use. In the context of the R21 malaria vaccine, in a mouse challenge model, we characterize the efficacy and mechanism of action of four Vaccine Formulation Institute adjuvants: two liposomal (LQ and LMQ) and two squalene emulsion-based adjuvants (SQ and SMQ), containing QS-21 saponin (Q) and optionally a synthetic TLR4 agonist (M). Two R21 vaccine formulations, R21/LMQ and R21/SQ, offer the highest protection (81%-100%), yet they trigger different innate sensing mechanisms in macrophages with LMQ, but not SQ, activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. The resulting in vivo adaptive responses have a different TH1/TH2 balance and engage divergent innate pathways while retaining high protective efficacy. We describe how modular changes in vaccine formulation allow for the dissection of the underlying immune pathways, enabling future mechanistically informed vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Reinke
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Eirini Pantazi
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Research, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Gabrielle R Chappell
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Research, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | | | - Romain Guyon
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Joannah R Fergusson
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Ahmed M Salman
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Anjum Aktar
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Research, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Ekta Mukhopadhyay
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Roland A Ventura
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, Rue du Champ-Blanchod 4, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Floriane Auderset
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, Rue du Champ-Blanchod 4, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Patrice M Dubois
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, Rue du Champ-Blanchod 4, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Collin
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, Rue du Champ-Blanchod 4, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Adrian V S Hill
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Jelena S Bezbradica
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Research, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK.
| | - Anita Milicic
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
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5
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Dart RJ, Zlatareva I, Vantourout P, Theodoridis E, Amar A, Kannambath S, East P, Recaldin T, Mansfield JC, Lamb CA, Parkes M, Irving PM, Prescott NJ, Hayday AC. Conserved γδ T cell selection by BTNL proteins limits progression of human inflammatory bowel disease. Science 2023; 381:eadh0301. [PMID: 37708268 PMCID: PMC7615126 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Murine intraepithelial γδ T cells include distinct tissue-protective cells selected by epithelial butyrophilin-like (BTNL) heteromers. To determine whether this biology is conserved in humans, we characterized the colonic γδ T cell compartment, identifying a diverse repertoire that includes a phenotypically distinct subset coexpressing T cell receptor Vγ4 and the epithelium-binding integrin CD103. This subset was disproportionately diminished and dysregulated in inflammatory bowel disease, whereas on-treatment CD103+γδ T cell restoration was associated with sustained inflammatory bowel disease remission. Moreover, CD103+Vγ4+cell dysregulation and loss were also displayed by humans with germline BTNL3/BTNL8 hypomorphism, which we identified as a risk factor for penetrating Crohn's disease (CD). Thus, BTNL-dependent selection and/or maintenance of distinct tissue-intrinsic γδ T cells appears to be an evolutionarily conserved axis limiting the progression of a complex, multifactorial, tissue-damaging disease of increasing global incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin J Dart
- Peter Gorer Dept of Immunobiology, King’s College London at Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Iva Zlatareva
- Peter Gorer Dept of Immunobiology, King’s College London at Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Pierre Vantourout
- Peter Gorer Dept of Immunobiology, King’s College London at Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Efstathios Theodoridis
- Peter Gorer Dept of Immunobiology, King’s College London at Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Ariella Amar
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | - Philip East
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - John C Mansfield
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Christopher A Lamb
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Miles Parkes
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter M Irving
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Natalie J Prescott
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Adrian C Hayday
- Peter Gorer Dept of Immunobiology, King’s College London at Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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6
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Chen W, Song T, Zou F, Xia Y, Xing J, Yu W, Rao T, Zhou X, Li C, Ning J, Zhao S, Ruan Y, Cheng F. Prognostic and immunological roles of IL18RAP in human cancers. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:9059-9085. [PMID: 37698530 PMCID: PMC10522399 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Across several cancers, IL18 receptor accessory protein (IL18RAP) is abnormally expressed, and this abnormality is related to tumor immunity and heterogeneous clinical outcomes. In this study, based on bioinformatics analysis, we discovered that IL18RAP is related to the human tumor microenvironment and promotes various immune cells infiltration. Additionally, the multiple immunofluorescence staining revealed that with the increased expression of IL18RAP, the number of infiltrated M1 macrophages increased. This finding was confirmed by coculture migration analysis using three human cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, U251, and HepG2) with IL18RAP knockdown. We discovered a positive link between IL18RAP and the majority of immunostimulators, immunoinhibitors, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, chemokines, and chemokine receptor genes using Spearman correlation analysis. Additionally, functional IL18RAP's gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that it is related to a variety of immunological processes, such as positive regulation of interferon gamma production and positive regulation of NK cell-mediated immunity. Moreover, we used single-cell RNA sequencing analysis to detect that IL18RAP was mainly expressed in immune cells, and HALLMARK analysis confirmed that the INF-γ gene set expression was upregulated in CD8Tex cells. In addition, in human and mouse cancer cohorts, we found that the level of IL18RAP can predict the immunotherapy response. In short, our study showed that IL18RAP is a new tumor biomarker and may become a potential immunotherapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Chen
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Tianbao Song
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zou
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yuqi Xia
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Ji Xing
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Yu
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Ting Rao
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xiangjun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jinzhuo Ning
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Ruan
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Immunotherapy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, P.R. China
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7
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Bergeron HC, Hansen MR, Tripp RA. Interferons-Implications in the Immune Response to Respiratory Viruses. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2179. [PMID: 37764023 PMCID: PMC10535750 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFN) are an assemblage of signaling proteins made and released by various host cells in response to stimuli, including viruses. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus, and SARS-CoV-2 are major causes of respiratory disease that induce or antagonize IFN responses depending on various factors. In this review, the role and function of type I, II, and III IFN responses to respiratory virus infections are considered. In addition, the role of the viral proteins in modifying anti-viral immunity is noted, as are the specific IFN responses that underly the correlates of immunity and protection from disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ralph A. Tripp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA 30605, USA; (H.C.B.); (M.R.H.)
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8
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Yu L, Yan J, Zhan Y, Li A, Zhu L, Qian J, Zhou F, Lu X, Fan X. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the dynamics of hepatic non-parenchymal cells in autoprotection against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:926-941. [PMID: 37719199 PMCID: PMC10499594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaining a better understanding of autoprotection against drug-induced liver injury (DILI) may provide new strategies for its prevention and therapy. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon. We used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the dynamics and functions of hepatic non-parenchymal cells (NPCs) in autoprotection against DILI, using acetaminophen (APAP) as a model drug. Autoprotection was modeled through pretreatment with a mildly hepatotoxic dose of APAP in mice, followed by a higher dose in a secondary challenge. NPC subsets and dynamic changes were identified in the APAP (hepatotoxicity-sensitive) and APAP-resistant (hepatotoxicity-resistant) groups. A chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2+ endothelial cell subset almost disappeared in the APAP-resistant group, and an R-spondin 3+ endothelial cell subset promoted hepatocyte proliferation and played an important role in APAP autoprotection. Moreover, the dendritic cell subset DC-3 may protect the liver from APAP hepatotoxicity by inducing low reactivity and suppressing the autoimmune response and occurrence of inflammation. DC-3 cells also promoted angiogenesis through crosstalk with endothelial cells via vascular endothelial growth factor-associated ligand-receptor pairs and facilitated liver tissue repair in the APAP-resistant group. In addition, the natural killer cell subsets NK-3 and NK-4 and the Sca-1-CD62L+ natural killer T cell subset may promote autoprotection through interferon-γ-dependent pathways. Furthermore, macrophage and neutrophil subpopulations with anti-inflammatory phenotypes promoted tolerance to APAP hepatotoxicity. Overall, this study reveals the dynamics of NPCs in the resistance to APAP hepatotoxicity and provides novel insights into the mechanism of autoprotection against DILI at a high resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqi Yu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314100, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yingqi Zhan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Anyao Li
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314100, China
| | - Lidan Zhu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingyang Qian
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314100, China
| | - Fanfan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314100, China
- Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321016, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314100, China
- Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321016, China
- Engineering Research Center of Innovative Anticancer Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150023, China
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9
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Knoedler L, Knoedler S, Panayi AC, Lee CAA, Sadigh S, Huelsboemer L, Stoegner VA, Schroeter A, Kern B, Mookerjee V, Lian CG, Tullius SG, Murphy GF, Pomahac B, Kauke-Navarro M. Cellular activation pathways and interaction networks in vascularized composite allotransplantation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1179355. [PMID: 37266446 PMCID: PMC10230044 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1179355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is an evolving field of reconstructive surgery that has revolutionized the treatment of patients with devastating injuries, including those with limb losses or facial disfigurement. The transplanted units are typically comprised of different tissue types, including skin, mucosa, blood and lymphatic vasculature, muscle, and bone. It is widely accepted that the antigenicity of some VCA components, such as skin, is particularly potent in eliciting a strong recipient rejection response following transplantation. The fine line between tolerance and rejection of the graft is orchestrated by different cell types, including both donor and recipient-derived lymphocytes, macrophages, and other immune and donor-derived tissue cells (e.g., endothelium). Here, we delineate the role of different cell and tissue types during VCA rejection. Rejection of VCA grafts and the necessity of life-long multidrug immunosuppression remains one of the major challenges in this field. This review sheds light on recent developments in decoding the cellular signature of graft rejection in VCA and how these may, ultimately, influence the clinical management of VCA patients by way of novel therapies that target specific cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Knoedler
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Samuel Knoedler
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Adriana C. Panayi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Catherine A. A. Lee
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sam Sadigh
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lioba Huelsboemer
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Viola A. Stoegner
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Schroeter
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Barbara Kern
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vikram Mookerjee
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Christine G. Lian
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stefan G. Tullius
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - George F. Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bohdan Pomahac
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Martin Kauke-Navarro
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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10
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Righi C, Franzoni G, Feliziani F, Jones C, Petrini S. The Cell-Mediated Immune Response against Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) Infection and Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040785. [PMID: 37112697 PMCID: PMC10144493 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine Alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is one of the major respiratory pathogens in cattle worldwide. Infection often leads to a compromised host immune response that contributes to the development of the polymicrobial disease known as “bovine respiratory disease”. After an initial transient phase of immunosuppression, cattle recover from the disease. This is due to the development of both innate and adaptive immune responses. With respect to adaptive immunity, both humoral and cell-mediated immunity are required to control infection. Thus, several BoHV-1 vaccines are designed to trigger both branches of the adaptive immune system. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on cell-mediated immune responses directed against BoHV-1 infection and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Righi
- National Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche “Togo Rosati”, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulia Franzoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesco Feliziani
- National Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche “Togo Rosati”, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Clinton Jones
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Stefano Petrini
- National Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche “Togo Rosati”, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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11
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Cirella A, Bolaños E, Di Trani CA, de Andrea CE, Sánchez-Gregorio S, Etxeberria I, Gonzalez-Gomariz J, Olivera I, Brocco D, Glez-Vaz J, Luri-Rey C, Azpilikueta A, Rodríguez I, Fernandez-Sendín M, Egea J, Eguren I, Sanmamed MF, Palencia B, Teijeira A, Berraondo P, Melero I. Intratumoral Gene Transfer of mRNAs Encoding IL12 in Combination with Decoy-Resistant IL18 Improves Local and Systemic Antitumor Immunity. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:184-198. [PMID: 36478221 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IL12-based local gene therapy of cancer constitutes an active area of clinical research using plasmids, mRNAs, and viral vectors. To improve antitumor effects, we have experimentally tested the combination of mRNA constructs encoding IL12 and IL18. Moreover, we have used a form of IL18 [decoy-resistant IL18 (DR-18)] which has preserved bioactivity but does not bind to the IL18 binding protein decoy receptor. Both cytokines dramatically synergize to induce IFNγ release from mouse splenocytes, and, if systemically cotransferred to the liver, they mediate lethal toxicity. However, if given intratumorally to B16OVA tumor-bearing mice, the combination attains efficacy against the directly treated tumor and moderate tumor-delaying activity on distant noninjected lesions. Cotreatment was conducive to the presence of more activated CD8+ T cells in the treated and noninjected tumors. In keeping with these findings, the efficacy of treatment was contingent on the integrity of CD8+ T cells and cDC1 dendritic cells in the treated mice. Furthermore, efficacy of IL12 plus DR-18 local mRNA coinjection against distant concomitant tumors could be enhanced upon combination with anti-PD-1 mAb systemic treatment, thus defining a feasible synergistic immunotherapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Cirella
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elixabet Bolaños
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Claudia Augusta Di Trani
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos E de Andrea
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Sánchez-Gregorio
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñaki Etxeberria
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose Gonzalez-Gomariz
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene Olivera
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Davide Brocco
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Javier Glez-Vaz
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Luri-Rey
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arantza Azpilikueta
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Rodríguez
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Myriam Fernandez-Sendín
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josune Egea
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñaki Eguren
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel F Sanmamed
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belen Palencia
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alvaro Teijeira
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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12
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Costa WC, Beltrami VA, Campolina-Silva GH, Queiroz-Junior CM, Florentino RM, Machado JR, Martins DG, Gonçalves WA, Barroso LC, Freitas KM, de Souza-Neto FP, Félix FB, da Silva RF, Oliveira CA, Câmara NOS, Rachid MA, Teixeira MM, Rezende BM, Pinho V. Therapeutic treatment with phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors alleviates kidney injury and renal fibrosis by increasing MMP-9 in a doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity mouse model. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109583. [PMID: 36610330 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is associated with kidney dysfunction and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. Here, we evaluated the effects of the phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitors rolipram and roflumilast on a doxorubicin-induced NS model. Early-stage rolipram treatment preserved glomerular filtration barrier function, as indicated by reduced serum protein and albumin loss and the prevention of hypercholesterolemia. These effects were associated with reduced glomerular and tubular lesions and abrogated renal cell apoptosis. In addition, rolipram treatment reduced inflammation, which was characterized by a decrease in macrophage accumulation and reduced levels of CCL2 and TNF in the kidneys. Rolipram also reduced renal fibrosis, which was associated with decreased α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) area and increased metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) activity in renal tissue. Late-stage rolipram or roflumilast treatment preserved glomerular filtration barrier function, as characterized by reduced serum albumin loss, decreased proteinuria, and the prevention of hypercholesterolemia. Importantly, only roflumilast treatment was associated with a reduction in glomerular and tubular lesions at this time point. In addition, both rolipram and roflumilast reduced renal tissue fibrosis and MMP9 activity in renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walyson Coelho Costa
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Amorim Beltrami
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M Florentino
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Rayssa Machado
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Débora Gonzaga Martins
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - William Antonio Gonçalves
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Katia Michelle Freitas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Materiais, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais (CEFET), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernando Pedro de Souza-Neto
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Franciel Batista Félix
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Fernandes da Silva
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cleida Aparecida Oliveira
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milene Alvarenga Rachid
- Departamento de Patologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Barbara Maximino Rezende
- Departamento de Enfermagem Básica, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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13
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Yang Zhou J. Innate immunity and early liver inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1175147. [PMID: 37205101 PMCID: PMC10187146 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1175147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate system constitutes a first-line defence mechanism against pathogens. 80% of the blood supply entering the human liver arrives from the splanchnic circulation through the portal vein, so it is constantly exposed to immunologically active substances and pathogens from the gastrointestinal tract. Rapid neutralization of pathogens and toxins is an essential function of the liver, but so too is avoidance of harmful and unnecessary immune reactions. This delicate balance of reactivity and tolerance is orchestrated by a diverse repertoire of hepatic immune cells. In particular, the human liver is enriched in many innate immune cell subsets, including Kupffer cells (KCs), innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) like Natural Killer (NK) cells and ILC-like unconventional T cells - namely Natural Killer T cells (NKT), γδ T cells and Mucosal-associated Invariant T cells (MAIT). These cells reside in the liver in a memory-effector state, so they respond quickly to trigger appropriate responses. The contribution of aberrant innate immunity to inflammatory liver diseases is now being better understood. In particular, we are beginning to understand how specific innate immune subsets trigger chronic liver inflammation, which ultimately results in hepatic fibrosis. In this review, we consider the roles of specific innate immune cell subsets in early inflammation in human liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Yang Zhou
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Jordi Yang Zhou,
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14
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Álvarez L, Marín-García PJ, Llobat L. Immunological and genomic characterization of Ibizan Hound dogs in an endemic Leishmania infantum region. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:445. [DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05504-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Ibizan Hound is a canine breed native to the Mediterranean region, where leishmaniosis is an endemic zoonosis. Several studies indicate low prevalence of this disease in these dogs but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown.
Methods
In this study, qualitative immunological and genomic profiles of this breed have been analyzed.
Results
Our analysis shows relevant differences between the cytokine serum profile of Ibizan Hound dogs and previously published data from other canine strains. Additionally, several genetic risk variants related to the immune response, regulation of the immune system, and genes encoding cytokines and their receptors have been studied. The most relevant genes that presented such fixed polymorphisms were IFNG and IL6R. Other variants with frequencies ≥ 0.7 were found in the genes ARHGAP18, DAPK1, GNAI2, MITF, IL12RB1, LTBP1, SCL28A3, SCL35D2, PTPN22, CIITA, THEMIS, and CD180. Epigenetic regulatory genes such as HEY2 and L3MBTL3 showed also intronic polymorphisms.
Conclusions
Our analysis and results indicate that the regulation of immune responses is different in Ibizan Hounds compared to other breeds. Future studies are needed to elucidate whether these differences are related to the low prevalence of L. infantum infection in the Ibizan Hound.
Graphical Abstract
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15
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Obi ON, Saketkoo LA, Russell AM, Baughman RP. Sarcoidosis: Updates on therapeutic drug trials and novel treatment approaches. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:991783. [PMID: 36314034 PMCID: PMC9596775 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.991783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. It affects the lungs in over 90% of patients yet extra-pulmonary and multi-organ involvement is common. Spontaneous remission of disease occurs commonly, nonetheless, over 50% of patients will require treatment and up to 30% of patients will develop a chronic progressive non-remitting disease with marked pulmonary fibrosis leading to significant morbidity and death. Guidelines outlining an immunosuppressive treatment approach to sarcoidosis were recently published, however, the strength of evidence behind many of the guideline recommended drugs is weak. None of the drugs currently used for the treatment of sarcoidosis have been rigorously studied and prescription of these drugs is often based on off-label” indications informed by experience with other diseases. Indeed, only two medications [prednisone and repository corticotropin (RCI) injection] currently used in the treatment of sarcoidosis are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. This situation results in significant reimbursement challenges especially for the more advanced (and often more effective) drugs that are favored for severe and refractory forms of disease causing an over-reliance on corticosteroids known to be associated with significant dose and duration dependent toxicities. This past decade has seen a renewed interest in developing new drugs and exploring novel therapeutic pathways for the treatment of sarcoidosis. Several of these trials are active randomized controlled trials (RCTs) designed to recruit relatively large numbers of patients with a goal to determine the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of these new molecules and therapeutic approaches. While it is an exciting time, it is also necessary to exercise caution. Resources including research dollars and most importantly, patient populations available for trials are limited and thus necessitate that several of the challenges facing drug trials and drug development in sarcoidosis are addressed. This will ensure that currently available resources are judiciously utilized. Our paper reviews the ongoing and anticipated drug trials in sarcoidosis and addresses the challenges facing these and future trials. We also review several recently completed trials and draw lessons that should be applied in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogugua Ndili Obi
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Ogugua Ndili Obi,
| | - Lesley Ann Saketkoo
- New Orleans Scleroderma and Sarcoidosis Patient Care and Research Center, New Orleans, LA, United States,University Medical Center—Comprehensive Pulmonary Hypertension Center and Interstitial Lung Disease Clinic Programs, New Orleans, LA, United States,Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States,Department of Undergraduate Honors, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Anne-Marie Russell
- Exeter Respiratory Institute University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom,Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Devon, United Kingdom,Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert P. Baughman
- Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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16
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Gardela J, Ruiz-Conca M, Olvera-Maneu S, López-Béjar M, Álvarez-Rodríguez M. The mRNA expression of the three major described cold-inducible proteins, including CIRBP, differs in the bovine endometrium and ampulla during the estrous cycle. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:181-189. [PMID: 35987103 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cold-inducible proteins (CIPs) are essential for post-transcriptional gene regulation playing diverse tissue-specific roles in maintaining normal cellular function and morphogenesis. The potential implications of CIPs in reproductive events raise questions about their role in the physiology of the bovine reproductive tract. However, the expression changes of CIPs during the bovine estrous cycle have not been studied so far. Here, we hypothesized that the bovine estrous cycle could affect the mRNA expression of the CIPs and other candidate transcripts in the reproductive tract. This study aimed to examine estrous cycle-dependent mRNA expression patterns in the bovine endometrium and ampulla of three of the major described CIPs (CIRBP, RBM3, SRSF5), a set of inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-18, IL-1β), and other candidate genes (IL-10RA, IL-10RB, BCL2, NLRP3, STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A, STAT6). Endometrial and ampullar tissues were assessed by RT-qPCR. Additionally, the mRNA expression levels were correlated among them and with follicular progesterone and estradiol concentrations. The transcript levels of CIPs increased in the endometrium during stage III (Days 11-17) compared to stage I (Days 1-4) and IV (Days 18-20). In the ampulla, the mRNA expression of CIRBP increased during the late luteal phase (stage III), but no differences in the expression of other CIPs were observed. This study expands the current knowledge regarding mRNA expression in the endometrium and oviductal ampulla of cycling heifers, focusing mainly on the CIPs. A better understanding of the mechanisms within the uterus and oviduct during the estrous cycle is crucial to improving the fertility rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Gardela
- Division of Children's and Women Health (BKH), Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, 58185, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Mateo Ruiz-Conca
- Division of Children's and Women Health (BKH), Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, 58185, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sergi Olvera-Maneu
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Manel López-Béjar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain; College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Manuel Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Division of Children's and Women Health (BKH), Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, 58185, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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17
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Luu TT, Søndergaard JN, Peña-Pérez L, Kharazi S, Krstic A, Meinke S, Schmied L, Frengen N, Heshmati Y, Kierczak M, Bouderlique T, Wagner AK, Gustafsson C, Chambers BJ, Achour A, Kutter C, Höglund P, Månsson R, Kadri N. FOXO1 and FOXO3 Cooperatively Regulate Innate Lymphoid Cell Development. Front Immunol 2022; 13:854312. [PMID: 35757763 PMCID: PMC9218573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.854312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play roles in viral clearance and early surveillance against malignant transformation, yet our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms controlling their development and functions remain incomplete. To reveal cell fate-determining pathways in NK cell progenitors (NKP), we utilized an unbiased approach and generated comprehensive gene expression profiles of NK cell progenitors. We found that the NK cell program was gradually established in the CLP to preNKP and preNKP to rNKP transitions. In line with FOXO1 and FOXO3 being co-expressed through the NK developmental trajectory, the loss of both perturbed the establishment of the NK cell program and caused stalling in both NK cell development and maturation. In addition, we found that the combined loss of FOXO1 and FOXO3 caused specific changes to the composition of the non-cytotoxic innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets in bone marrow, spleen, and thymus. By combining transcriptome and chromatin profiling, we revealed that FOXO TFs ensure proper NK cell development at various lineage-commitment stages through orchestrating distinct molecular mechanisms. Combined FOXO1 and FOXO3 deficiency in common and innate lymphoid cell progenitors resulted in reduced expression of genes associated with NK cell development including ETS-1 and their downstream target genes. Lastly, we found that FOXO1 and FOXO3 controlled the survival of committed NK cells via gene regulation of IL-15Rβ (CD122) on rNKPs and bone marrow NK cells. Overall, we revealed that FOXO1 and FOXO3 function in a coordinated manner to regulate essential developmental genes at multiple stages during murine NK cell and ILC lineage commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy T Luu
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Nørskov Søndergaard
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lucía Peña-Pérez
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shabnam Kharazi
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aleksandra Krstic
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan Meinke
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurent Schmied
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolai Frengen
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yaser Heshmati
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcin Kierczak
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thibault Bouderlique
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arnika Kathleen Wagner
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Gustafsson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benedict J Chambers
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adnane Achour
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Kutter
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Höglund
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Månsson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadir Kadri
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Rackov G, Tavakoli Zaniani P, Colomo Del Pino S, Shokri R, Monserrat J, Alvarez-Mon M, Martinez-A C, Balomenos D. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen is critical for IL-12/IL-18-induced IFN-γ production by CD4(+) T cells and is regulated by Fas/FasL signaling. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:531. [PMID: 35668079 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04907-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial activation and the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) are crucial for CD4+ T cell responses and have a role in naïve cell signaling after TCR activation. However, little is known about mROS role in TCR-independent signaling and in recall responses. Here, we found that mROS are required for IL-12 plus IL-18-driven production of IFN-γ, an essential cytokine for inflammatory and autoimmune disease development. Compared to TCR stimulation, which induced similar levels of mROS in naïve and memory-like cells, IL-12/IL-18 showed faster and augmented mROS production in memory-like cells. mROS inhibition significantly downregulated IFN-γ and CD44 expression, suggesting a direct mROS effect on memory-like T cell function. The mechanism that promotes IFN-γ production after IL-12/IL-18 challenge depended on the effect of mROS on optimal activation of downstream signaling pathways, leading to STAT4 and NF-κB activation. To relate our findings to IFN-γ-driven lupus-like disease, we used Fas-deficient memory-like CD4+ T cells from lpr mice. Importantly, we found significantly increased IFN-γ and mROS production in lpr compared with parental cells. Treatment of WT cells with FasL significantly reduced mROS production and the activation of signaling events leading to IFN-γ. Moreover, Fas deficiency was associated with increased mitochondrial levels of cytochrome C and caspase-3 compared with WT memory-like cells. mROS inhibition significantly reduced the population of disease-associated lpr CD44hiCD62LloCD4+ T cells and their IFN-γ production. Overall, these findings uncovered a previously unidentified role of Fas/FasL interaction in regulating mROS production by memory-like T cells. This apoptosis-independent Fas activity might contribute to the accumulation of CD44hiCD62LloCD4+ T cells that produce increased IFN-γ levels in lpr mice. Overall, our findings pinpoint mROS as central regulators of TCR-independent signaling, and support mROS pharmacological targeting to control aberrant immune responses in autoimmune-like disease.
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19
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Artlett CM. The Mechanism and Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome during Fibrosis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050634. [PMID: 35625564 PMCID: PMC9138796 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is often the end result of chronic inflammation. It is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. This leads to structural alterations in the tissue, causing permanent damage and organ dysfunction. Depending on the organ it effects, fibrosis can be a serious threat to human life. The molecular mechanism of fibrosis is still not fully understood, but the NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin–domain–containing protein 3) inflammasome appears to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disease. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been the most extensively studied inflammatory pathway to date. It is a crucial component of the innate immune system, and its activation mediates the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. NLRP3 activation has been strongly linked with fibrosis and drives the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts by the chronic upregulation of IL-1β and IL-18 and subsequent autocrine signaling that maintains an activated inflammasome. Both IL-1β and IL-18 are profibrotic, however IL-1β can have antifibrotic capabilities. NLRP3 responds to a plethora of different signals that have a common but unidentified unifying trigger. Even after 20 years of extensive investigation, regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is still not completely understood. However, what is known about NLRP3 is that its regulation and activation is complex and not only driven by various activators but controlled by numerous post-translational modifications. More recently, there has been an intensive attempt to discover NLRP3 inhibitors to treat chronic diseases. This review addresses the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in fibrotic disorders across many different tissues. It discusses the relationships of various NLRP3 activators to fibrosis and covers different therapeutics that have been developed, or are currently in development, that directly target NLRP3 or its downstream products as treatments for fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol M Artlett
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
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20
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Thomas JM, Huuskes BM, Sobey CG, Drummond GR, Vinh A. The IL-18/IL-18R1 signalling axis: Diagnostic and therapeutic potential in hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108191. [PMID: 35461924 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is inherently an inflammatory condition, which ultimately results in the development of end stage renal disease or cardiovascular events. Low-grade inflammatory diseases such as hypertension and diabetes are leading causes of CKD. Declines in renal function correlate with elevated circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with these conditions. The inflammasome is an important inflammatory signalling platform that has been associated with low-grade chronic inflammatory diseases. Notably, activation and assembly of the inflammasome causes the auto cleavage of pro-caspase-1 into its active form, which then processes the pro-inflammatory cytokines pro-interleukin (IL)-1β and pro-IL-18 into their active forms. Currently, the nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been implicated in the development of CKD in pre-clinical and clinical settings, and the ablation or inhibition of inflammasome components have been shown to be reno-protective in models of CKD. While clinical trials have demonstrated that neutralisation of IL-1β signalling by the drug anakinra lowers inflammation markers in haemodialysis patients, ongoing preclinical studies are showing that this ability to attenuate disease is limited in progressive models of kidney disease. These results suggest a potential predominant role for IL-18 in the development of CKD. This review will discuss the role of the inflammasome and its pro-inflammatory product IL-18 in the development of renal fibrosis and inflammation that contribute to the pathophysiology of CKD. Furthermore, we will examine the potential of the IL-18 signalling axis as an anti-inflammatory target in CKD and its usefulness as diagnostic biomarker to predict acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn M Thomas
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brooke M Huuskes
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher G Sobey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grant R Drummond
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Antony Vinh
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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21
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Korchagina AA, Koroleva E, Tumanov AV. Innate Lymphoid Cells in Response to Intracellular Pathogens: Protection Versus Immunopathology. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:775554. [PMID: 34938670 PMCID: PMC8685334 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.775554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a heterogeneous group of cytokine-producing lymphocytes which are predominantly located at mucosal barrier surfaces, such as skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. ILCs contribute to tissue homeostasis, regulate microbiota-derived signals, and protect against mucosal pathogens. ILCs are classified into five major groups by their developmental origin and distinct cytokine production. A recently emerged intriguing feature of ILCs is their ability to alter their phenotype and function in response to changing local environmental cues such as pathogen invasion. Once the pathogen crosses host barriers, ILCs quickly activate cytokine production to limit the spread of the pathogen. However, the dysregulated ILC responses can lead to tissue inflammation and damage. Furthermore, the interplay between ILCs and other immune cell types shapes the outcome of the immune response. Recent studies highlighted the important role of ILCs for host defense against intracellular pathogens. Here, we review recent advances in understanding the mechanisms controlling protective and pathogenic ILC responses to intracellular pathogens. This knowledge can help develop new ILC-targeted strategies to control infectious diseases and immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Korchagina
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ekaterina Koroleva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Alexei V Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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22
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Phetsouphanh C, Phalora P, Hackstein CP, Thornhill J, Munier CML, Meyerowitz J, Murray L, VanVuuren C, Goedhals D, Drexhage L, Russell RA, Sattentau QJ, Mak JYW, Fairlie DP, Fidler S, Kelleher AD, Frater J, Klenerman P. Human MAIT cells respond to and suppress HIV-1. eLife 2021; 10:e50324. [PMID: 34951583 PMCID: PMC8752121 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human MAIT cells sit at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity, are polyfunctional and are capable of killing pathogen infected cells via recognition of the Class IB molecule MR1. MAIT cells have recently been shown to possess an antiviral protective role in vivo and we therefore sought to explore this in relation to HIV-1 infection. There was marked activation of MAIT cells in vivo in HIV-1-infected individuals, which decreased following ART. Stimulation of THP1 monocytes with R5 tropic HIVBAL potently activated MAIT cells in vitro. This activation was dependent on IL-12 and IL-18 but was independent of the TCR. Upon activation, MAIT cells were able to upregulate granzyme B, IFNγ and HIV-1 restriction factors CCL3, 4, and 5. Restriction factors produced by MAIT cells inhibited HIV-1 infection of primary PBMCs and immortalized target cells in vitro. These data reveal MAIT cells to be an additional T cell population responding to HIV-1, with a potentially important role in controlling viral replication at mucosal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chansavath Phetsouphanh
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Prabhjeet Phalora
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Jodi Meyerowitz
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Lyle Murray
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Dominique Goedhals
- Division of Virology, University of the Free State/National Health Laboratory ServiceFree StateSouth Africa
| | - Linnea Drexhage
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Rebecca A Russell
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Quentin J Sattentau
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey YW Mak
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - David P Fairlie
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | | | | | - John Frater
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
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23
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Lai RPJ, Cortes T, Marais S, Rockwood N, Burke ML, Garza-Garcia A, Horswell S, Sesay AK, O'Garra A, Young DB, Wilkinson RJ. Transcriptomic Characterization of Tuberculous Sputum Reveals a Host Warburg Effect and Microbial Cholesterol Catabolism. mBio 2021; 12:e0176621. [PMID: 34872348 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01766-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The crucial transmission phase of tuberculosis (TB) relies on infectious sputum and yet cannot easily be modeled. We applied one-step RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to sputum from infectious TB patients to investigate the host and microbial environments underlying transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In such TB sputa, compared to non-TB controls, transcriptional upregulation of inflammatory responses, including an interferon-driven proinflammatory response and a metabolic shift toward glycolysis, was observed in the host. Among all bacterial sequences in the sputum, approximately 1.5% originated from M. tuberculosis, and its transcript abundance was lower in HIV-1-coinfected patients. Commensal bacterial abundance was reduced in the presence of M. tuberculosis infection. Direct alignment to the genomes of the predominant microbiota species also reveals differential adaptation, whereby firmicutes (e.g., streptococci) displayed a nonreplicating phenotype with reduced transcription of ribosomal proteins and reduced activities of ATP synthases, while Neisseria and Prevotella spp. were less affected. The transcriptome of sputum M. tuberculosis more closely resembled aerobic replication and shared similarity in carbon metabolism to in vitro and in vivo models with significant upregulation of genes associated with cholesterol metabolism and downstream propionate detoxification pathways. In addition, and counter to previous reports on intracellular M. tuberculosis infection in vitro, M. tuberculosis in sputum was zinc, but not iron, deprived, and the phoP loci were also significantly downregulated, suggesting that the pathogen is likely extracellular in location.
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24
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Kucuksezer UC, Aktas Cetin E, Esen F, Tahrali I, Akdeniz N, Gelmez MY, Deniz G. The Role of Natural Killer Cells in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:622306. [PMID: 33717125 PMCID: PMC7947192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.622306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, the large granular lymphocytes differentiated from the common lymphoid progenitors, were discovered in early 1970’s. They are members of innate immunity and were initially defined by their strong cytotoxicity against virus-infected cells and by their important effector functions in anti-tumoral immune responses. Nowadays, NK cells are classified among the recently discovered innate lymphoid cell subsets and have capacity to influence both innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, they can be considered as innate immune cells that stands between the innate and adaptive arms of immunity. NK cells don’t express T or B cell receptors and are recognized by absence of CD3. There are two major subgroups of NK cells according to their differential expression of CD16 and CD56. While CD16+CD56dim subset is best-known by their cytotoxic functions, CD16-CD56bright NK cell subset produces a bunch of cytokines comparable to CD4+ T helper cell subsets. Another subset of NK cells with production of interleukin (IL)-10 was named as NK regulatory cells, which has suppressive properties and could take part in immune-regulatory responses. Activation of NK cells is determined by a delicate balance of cell-surface receptors that have either activating or inhibitory properties. On the other hand, a variety of cytokines including IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 influence NK cell activity. NK-derived cytokines and their cytotoxic functions through induction of apoptosis take part in regulation of the immune responses and could contribute to the pathogenesis of many immune mediated diseases including ankylosing spondylitis, Behçet’s disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus and type-1 diabetes. Dysregulation of NK cells in autoimmune disorders may occur through multiple mechanisms. Thanks to the rapid developments in biotechnology, progressive research in immunology enables better characterization of cells and their delicate roles in the complex network of immunity. As NK cells stand in between innate and adaptive arms of immunity and “bridge” them, their contribution in inflammation and immune regulation deserves intense investigations. Better understanding of NK-cell biology and their contribution in both exacerbation and regulation of inflammatory disorders is a requisite for possible utilization of these multi-faceted cells in novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Can Kucuksezer
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Aktas Cetin
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fehim Esen
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Tahrali
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilgun Akdeniz
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Metin Yusuf Gelmez
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gunnur Deniz
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Li Y, Li S, Duan X, Yang C, Xu M, Chen L. Macrophage Phenotypes and Hepatitis B Virus Infection. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2020; 8:424-431. [PMID: 33447526 PMCID: PMC7782119 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2020.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its related liver diseases account for 780,000 deaths every year. Outcomes of HBV infection depend on the interaction between the virus and host immune system. It is becoming increasingly apparent that Kupffer cells (KCs), the largest population of resident and monocyte-derived macrophages in the liver, contribute to HBV infection in various aspects. These cells play an important role not only in the anti-HBV immunity including virus recognition, cytokine production to directly inhibit viral replication and recruitment and activation of other immune cells involved in virus clearance but also in HBV outcome and progression, such as persistent infection and development of end-stage liver diseases. Since liver macrophages play multiple roles in HBV infection, they are directly targeted by HBV to benefit its life cycle. In the present review, we briefly outline the current advances of research of macrophages, especially the studies of their phenotypes, in chronic HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Li
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shilin Li
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Duan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunhui Yang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Xu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Toronto General Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L6, Canada
- Correspondence to: Limin Chen, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 26 Huacai Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610052, China. Tel: +86-28-61648530, E-mail: or
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26
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Ben Selma W, Alibi S, Smach MA, Saad A, Boukadida J. IL-18 variant increases risk of enhanced HBV DNA replication in chronic hepatitis. Immunol Lett 2020; 228:70-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Shen H, Gu C, Liang T, Liu H, Guo F, Liu X. Unveiling the heterogeneity of NKT cells in the liver through single cell RNA sequencing. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19453. [PMID: 33173202 PMCID: PMC7655820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
CD1d-dependent type I NKT cells, which are activated by lipid antigen, are known to play important roles in innate and adaptive immunity, as are a portion of type II NKT cells. However, the heterogeneity of NKT cells, especially NKT-like cells, remains largely unknown. Here, we report the profiling of NKT (NK1.1+CD3e+) cells in livers from wild type (WT), Jα18-deficient and CD1d-deficient mice by single-cell RNA sequencing. Unbiased transcriptional clustering revealed distinct cell subsets. The transcriptomic profiles identified the well-known CD1d-dependent NKT cells and defined two CD1d-independent NKT cell subsets. In addition, validation of marker genes revealed the differential organ distribution and landscape of NKT cell subsets during liver tumor progression. More importantly, we found that CD1d-independent Sca-1−CD62L+ NKT cells showed a strong ability to secrete IFN-γ after costimulation with IL-2, IL-12 and IL-18 in vitro. Collectively, our findings provide a comprehensive characterization of NKT cell heterogeneity and unveil a previously undefined functional NKT cell subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chan Gu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Guo
- Center for Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,School of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310024, China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Vecchié A, Bonaventura A, Toldo S, Dagna L, Dinarello CA, Abbate A. IL-18 and infections: Is there a role for targeted therapies? J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1638-1657. [PMID: 32794180 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-18 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine belonging to the IL-1 family, first identified for its interferon-γ-inducing properties. IL-18 regulates both T helper (Th) 1 and Th2 responses. It acts synergistically with IL-12 in the Th1 paradigm, whereas with IL-2 and without IL-12 it can induce Th2 cytokine production from cluster of differentation (CD)4+ T cells, natural killer (NK cells, NKT cells, as well as from Th1 cells. IL-18 also plays a role in the hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, a life-threatening condition characterized by a cytokine storm that can be secondary to infections. IL-18-mediated inflammation was largely studied in animal models of bacterial, viral, parasitic, and fungal infections. These studies highlight the contribution of either IL-18 overproduction by the host or overresponsiveness of the host to IL-18 causing an exaggerated inflammatory burden and leading to tissue injury. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The damage in the later phase of the disease appears to be driven by a cytokine storm, including interleukin IL-1 family members and secondary cytokines like IL-6. IL-18 may participate in this hyperinflammation, as it was previously found to be able to cause injury in the lung tissue of infected animals. IL-18 blockade has become an appealing therapeutic target and has been tested in some IL-18-mediated rheumatic diseases and infantile-onset macrophage activation syndrome. Given its role in regulating the immune response to infections, IL-18 blockade might represent a therapeutic option for COVID-19, although further studies are warranted to investigate more in detail the exact role of IL-18 in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Vecchié
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Toldo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Charles A Dinarello
- Department of Medicine and Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,Department of Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Antonio Abbate
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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Ben Selma W, Laribi AB, Alibi S, Saad A, Boukadida J. Interaction analysis of IL-12A and IL-12B gene variants with chronic hepatitis B infection in Tunisian patients. Immunol Lett 2020; 225:50-56. [PMID: 32554051 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Given the key role of interleukin-12 (IL-12) in the control of HBV, we investigated the possible correlation between IL-12A rs568408 and IL-12B rs3212227 polymorphisms and the risk of chronic HBV infection in Tunisian population. Two hundred patients with chronic HBV infection and two hundred healthy controls were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. A allele, AA and AG genotypes of IL-12A rs568408 were more represented in the chronic HBV infection group compared to the control group, and they were associated with 1.65-, 2.58- and 3.13-fold risks of developing this infection, respectively. Gene-gene interaction analysis showed that subjects carrying the IL-12A rs568408AA/AG and IL-12B rs3212227AA genotypes had a 3.16-fold increased risk of chronic HBV infection. This study suggested that IL-12A rs568408 and gene-gene interactions of IL-12A rs568408 and IL-12B rs3212227 contributed to the outcome of chronic HBV infection, meanwhile indicating their usefulness as a predictive and diagnostic biomarker of chronic HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Ben Selma
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Genetic Characterization of Infectious Diseases, UR12SP34 University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia; Laboratory of Studying Biological and Genetic Markers for Early Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Neurological Diseases, LR18ES47, Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia; High Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mahdia, Tunisia.
| | - Ahmed Baligh Laribi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Genetic Characterization of Infectious Diseases, UR12SP34 University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sana Alibi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Genetic Characterization of Infectious Diseases, UR12SP34 University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Afef Saad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Jalel Boukadida
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Genetic Characterization of Infectious Diseases, UR12SP34 University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia
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Gong Z, Yang W, Zhang H, Xiang X, Zeng J, Han S, Yang J, Xie J. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv3717 enhances the survival of Mycolicibacterium smegmatis by inhibiting host innate immune and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Infect Genet Evol 2020; 84:104412. [PMID: 32531516 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection remains a serious public threat despite decades of creative endeavors. There are few reports on the roles of M. tuberculosis enzymes involved in cell envelope biosynthesis in pathogen survival and persistence. M. tuberculosis Rv3717 encodes N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase, a cell-wall hydrolase that hydrolyzes the bond between N-acetylmuramic acid and l-alanine in cell-wall peptidoglycan. In this paper, we demonstrated the Rv3717 promoted the survival of Mycolicibacterium smegmatis(M. smegmatis) within macrophages. More importantly, we demonstrated that this effect is because MS_Rv3717 reduces the release of host pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 p40, TNF-α, and increased transcription of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. At the same time, MS_Rv3717 inhibits apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of Caspase-3/9, reducing the host's elimination of M. smegmatis. Finally, from a bacterial perspective, we found Rv3717 decreased the survival of M. smegmatis under stresses such as SDS and low pH. This is the first report of the involvement of Mycobacterium cell envelope biosynthetic enzyme in host-pathogen interaction.
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Li S, Yang J, Zhu Z, Zheng H. Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and the Host Innate Immune Response. Pathogens 2020; 9:E367. [PMID: 32403318 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9050367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a swine enteropathogenic coronavirus (CoV), is the causative agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). PED causes lethal watery diarrhea in piglets, which has led to substantial economic losses in many countries and is a great threat to the global swine industry. Interferons (IFNs) are major cytokines involved in host innate immune defense, which induce the expression of a broad range of antiviral effectors that help host to control and antagonize viral infections. PEDV infection does not elicit a robust IFN response, and some of the mechanisms used by the virus to counteract the host innate immune response have been unraveled. PEDV evades the host innate immune response by two main strategies including: (1) encoding IFN antagonists to disrupt innate immune pathway, and (2) hiding its viral RNA to avoid the exposure of viral RNA to immune sensors. This review highlights the immune evasion mechanisms employed by PEDV, which provides insights for the better understanding of PEDV-host interactions and developing effective vaccines and antivirals against CoVs.
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Barszcz M, Taciak M, Tuśnio A, Święch E, Skomiał J. Dose-dependent effects of two inulin types differing in chain length on the small intestinal morphology, contractility and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in piglets. Arch Anim Nutr 2019; 74:107-120. [PMID: 31852279 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2019.1697140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Inulin is a linear fructose polymer which may affect small intestinal physiology. The effects of dietary level of two inulin types on morphology, contractility and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in the small intestine of piglets were investigated. Fifty six piglets were divided into seven groups fed diets without inulin addition or with 1%, 2% or 3% of inulin with an average degree of polymerisation of 10 (IN10) or 23 (IN23). All diets were offered from day 10 of life for 40 d. Feeding IN10 diets did not affect villous height to crypt depth ratio in the duodenum, while in the jejunum the 2% IN10 diet increased it as compared to other groups. Jejunal muscle contractions induced by electrical field stimulation were impaired by the 2% and 3% IN10 diets. The ileal expression of interleukin-12p40 was decreased by the 2% IN10 diet. There was no effect of IN23 level on villous height to crypt depth ratio in any segment of the small intestine as well as on jejunal motility. The 2% and 3% IN23 diets decreased the jejunal expression of tumour necrosis factor-α. In conclusion, IN10 is more active in the small intestine than IN23. At the 2% dietary level, it increases absorptive area in the jejunum, but may slightly impair smooth muscle contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Barszcz
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jabłonna, Poland
| | - Marcin Taciak
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jabłonna, Poland
| | - Anna Tuśnio
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jabłonna, Poland
| | - Ewa Święch
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jabłonna, Poland
| | - Jacek Skomiał
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jabłonna, Poland
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Park BJ, Ahn HS, Han SH, Go HJ, Lee JB, Park SY, Song CS, Lee SW, Paik HJ, Choi YK, Choi IS. Evaluation of the protective effects of a nanogel-based vaccine against rabbit hepatitis E virus. Vaccine 2019; 37:5972-5978. [PMID: 31455586 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Infection with hepatitis E virus (HEV) has raised serious public health concerns worldwide. In this study, a nanogel-based vaccine encapsulating the capsid protein of rabbit HEV was developed and its protective efficacy was compared with a subunit vaccine. A total of 23 rabbits were divided into 5 groups: (1) negative control (n = 4), (2) positive control (n = 4), (3) nanogel control (n = 5), (4) nanogel vaccine (n = 5), and (5) subunit vaccine (n = 5). Rabbits were vaccinated two times, at weeks 0 and 1, with nanogel and subunit vaccines, respectively, and challenged with rabbit HEV at week 4. By week 11, rabbits vaccinated with the nanogel vaccine produced higher antibodies than those vaccinated with the subunit vaccine. Fecal viral shedding and viremia were identified in rabbits of the positive and nanogel control groups at weeks 6-10. However, there was no viral shedding and viremia in rabbits immunized with both the nanogel and subunit vaccines. Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were not elevated in any rabbit. However, histopathological examination revealed much less hepatic inflammation in rabbits of the nanogel vaccine group compared to the positive and nanogel control groups. Significant increases in IL-12 and IFN-γlevels were identified from rabbits immunized with the nanogel vaccine. Collectively, these results indicate that the newly developed nanogel vaccine induced sufficient immunity leading to complete protection from HEV infection in rabbits. Application of this vaccine should be considered as a preventive measure against HEV infection in other animal species and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Joo Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seop Ahn
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jeong Go
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Bok Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Paik
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30 Jangjeon 2-dong Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang-Kyu Choi
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Choi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Gibbons HR, Mi DJ, Farley VM, Esmond T, Kaood MB, Aune TM. Bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 reversibly blocks IFN-γ production. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10280. [PMID: 31311960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a class, ‘BET’ inhibitors disrupt binding of bromodomain and extra-terminal motif (BET) proteins, BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, to acetylated histones preventing recruitment of RNA polymerase 2 to enhancers and promoters, especially super-enhancers, to inhibit gene transcription. As such, BET inhibitors may be useful therapeutics for treatment of cancer and inflammatory disease. For example, the small molecule BET inhibitor, JQ1, selectively represses MYC, an important oncogene regulated by a super-enhancer. IFN-γ, a critical cytokine for both innate and adaptive immune responses, is also regulated by a super-enhancer. Here, we show that JQ1 represses IFN-γ expression in TH1 polarized PBMC cultures, CD4+ memory T cells, and NK cells. JQ1 treatment does not reduce activating chromatin marks at the IFNG locus, but displaces RNA polymerase II from the locus. Further, IFN-γ expression recovers in polarized TH1 cultures following removal of JQ1. Our results show that JQ1 abrogates IFN-γ expression, but repression is reversible. Thus, BET inhibitors may disrupt the normal functions of the innate and adaptive immune response.
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Abstract
As obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens, members of the Chlamydia genera are the pivotal triggers for a wide range of infections, which can lead to blinding trachoma, pelvic inflammation, and respiratory diseases. Because of their restricted parasitism inside eukaryotic cells, the pathogens have to develop multiple strategies for adaptation with the hostile intracellular environment—intrinsically present in all host cells—to survive. The strategies that are brought into play at different stages of chlamydial development mainly involve interfering with diverse innate immune responses, such as innate immune recognition, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, as well as the manipulation of innate immune cells to serve as potential niches for chlamydial replication. This review will focus on the innate immune responses against chlamydial infection, highlighting the underlying molecular mechanisms used by the Chlamydia spp. to counteract host innate immune defenses. Insights into these subtle pathogenic mechanisms not only provide a rationale for the augmentation of immune responses against chlamydial infection but also open avenues for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms driving the survival of these clinically important pathogens in host innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Chen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China
| | - Yating Wen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Rabiei N, Ahmadi Badi S, Ettehad Marvasti F, Nejad Sattari T, Vaziri F, Siadat SD. Induction effects of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and its extracellular vesicles on toll-like receptor signaling pathway gene expression and cytokine level in human intestinal epithelial cells. Cytokine 2019; 121:154718. [PMID: 31153056 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A single layer of epithelial cells creates an interface between the host and microorganisms colonizing the gastrointestinal tract. In a healthy intestine, commensal bacteria and their metabolites can interact with epithelial cells as they are identified by Toll-like receptors (TLRs); This interaction results in homeostasis and immune responses. The present study aimed at evaluating Faecalibacterium prausnitzii- and extracellular vesicles (EVs)-induced expression of involved genes in TLRs signaling pathway and cytokines production in Caco-2 cell line. In this study, Caco-2 cell line was treated with F. prausitzii and its EVs. Using the protein levels of 12 cytokines were also evaluated by ELISA assay. F. prausnitzii induced upregulation in FOS, JUN, TNF-α, NFKB1, TLR3, IKBKB and CD86 genes. Furthermore, stimulation of Caco-2 cells with EVs derived from F. prausnitzii induced upregulation of CXCL8, CCL2, FOS, MAP2K4, TLR7, TLR3, IRF1, NFKBIA and TNF-α genes. Based on ELISA assay, Caco-2 cells treated with F. prausnitzii and its EVs showed a significant increase in TNF-α, IL-4, IL-8, and IL-10 expression and significant decreased in IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17a, IFN-γ compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, EVs derived from F. prausnitzii showed greater efficacy in decreasing the inflammatory cytokines and increasing the anti-inflammatory cytokines, compared to F. prausnitzii. Our findings can be used as a theoretical model for EVs application in the potential treatment of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Rabiei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Taher Nejad Sattari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzam Vaziri
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Yasuda K, Nakanishi K, Tsutsui H. Interleukin-18 in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E649. [PMID: 30717382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-18 was originally discovered as a factor that enhanced IFN-γ production from anti-CD3-stimulated Th1 cells, especially in the presence of IL-12. Upon stimulation with Ag plus IL-12, naïve T cells develop into IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) expressing Th1 cells, which increase IFN-γ production in response to IL-18 stimulation. Therefore, IL-12 is a commitment factor that induces the development of Th1 cells. In contrast, IL-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine that facilitates type 1 responses. However, IL-18 without IL-12 but with IL-2, stimulates NK cells, CD4+ NKT cells, and established Th1 cells, to produce IL-3, IL-9, and IL-13. Furthermore, together with IL-3, IL-18 stimulates mast cells and basophils to produce IL-4, IL-13, and chemical mediators such as histamine. Therefore, IL-18 is a cytokine that stimulates various cell types and has pleiotropic functions. IL-18 is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines. IL-18 demonstrates a unique function by binding to a specific receptor expressed on various types of cells. In this review article, we will focus on the unique features of IL-18 in health and disease in experimental animals and humans.
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Yau B, Hunt NH, Mitchell AJ, Too LK. Blood‒Brain Barrier Pathology and CNS Outcomes in Streptococcus pneumoniae Meningitis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3555. [PMID: 30423890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major meningitis-causing pathogen globally, bringing about significant morbidity and mortality, as well as long-term neurological sequelae in almost half of the survivors. Subsequent to nasopharyngeal colonisation and systemic invasion, translocation across the blood‒brain barrier (BBB) by S. pneumoniae is a crucial early step in the pathogenesis of meningitis. The BBB, which normally protects the central nervous system (CNS) from deleterious molecules within the circulation, becomes dysfunctional in S. pneumoniae invasion due to the effects of pneumococcal toxins and a heightened host inflammatory environment of cytokines, chemokines and reactive oxygen species intracranially. The bacteria‒host interplay within the CNS likely determines not only the degree of BBB pathological changes, but also host survival and the extent of neurological damage. This review explores the relationship between S. pneumoniae bacteria and the host inflammatory response, with an emphasis on the BBB and its roles in CNS protection, as well as both the acute and long-term pathogenesis of meningitis.
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Mubin N, Pahari S, Owais M, Zubair S. Mycobacterium tuberculosis host cell interaction: Role of latency associated protein Acr-1 in differential modulation of macrophages. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206459. [PMID: 30395609 PMCID: PMC6218195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) contrives intracellular abode as a strategy to combat antibody onslaught. Additionally, to thrive against hostile ambiance inside host macrophages, the pathogen inhibits phago-lysosomal fusion. Finally, to further defy host cell offensives, M.tb opts for dormant phase, where it turns off or slows down most of its metabolic process as an added stratagem. While M.tb restrains most of its metabolic activities during dormancy, surprisingly latency-associated alpha-crystallin protein (Acr-1) is expressed most prominently during this phase. Interestingly, several previous studies described the potential of Acr-1 to induce the robust immuno-prophylactic response in the immunized host. It is intriguing to comprehend the apparent discrepancy that the microbe M.tb overexpresses a protein that has the potential to prime host immune system against the pathogen itself. Keeping this apparent ambiguity into consideration, it is imperative to unravel intricacies involved in the exploitation of Acr-1 by M.tb during its interaction with host immune cells. The present study suggests that Acr-1 exhibits diverse role in the maturation of macrophages (MΦs) and related immunological responses. The early encounter of bone marrow derived immune cells (pre-exposure during differentiation to MΦs) with Acr-1 (AcrMΦpre), results in hampering of their function. The pre-exposure of naïve MΦs with Acr-1 induces the expression of TIM-3 and IL-10. In contrast, exposure of fully differentiated MΦs to Acr-1 results in their down-modulation and induces the phosphorylation of STAT-1 and STAT-4 in host MΦs. Furthermore, Acr-1 mediated activation of MΦs results in the induction of Th1 and Th17 phenotype by activated T lymphocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Mubin
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Susanta Pahari
- Immunology Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- * E-mail: (SZ); (MO)
| | - Swaleha Zubair
- Department of Computer Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- * E-mail: (SZ); (MO)
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Impellizzeri D, Siracusa R, Cordaro M, Peritore AF, Gugliandolo E, Mancuso G, Midiri A, Di Paola R, Cuzzocrea S. Therapeutic potential of dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in mice by targeting IL-1β and IL-18. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:150-161. [PMID: 29963998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-18 belong to the IL-1 family of ligands, and their receptors are members of the IL-1 receptor family. Both cytokines drive an extensive range of pro-inflammatory networks in many cell types using common signal transduction cascades. Anyway, differences in signaling pathways exist. With this aim in mind, we investigated by using transgenic mice the mechanisms through the simultaneous deficiency of both IL-1β and IL-18 could be more protective compared to blocking the single cytokine IL-1β or IL-18 during colitis. Colitis was provoked in mice by instillation of dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) in the colon. The results indicated that single knockout (KO) mice of IL-1β or IL-18, and double KO mice of both IL-1β and IL-18 were hyporesponsive to DNBS-induced colitis compared to wild type (WT) mice, in which double KO were less sensitive than single KO mice. Moreover, treatment with Anakinra (IL-1R antagonist) also ameliorated colitis, in views of macroscopic and histological alteration, infiltration of neutrophils or Th1 cells, oxidative and nitrosative stress. Anakinra more significantly reduced cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and nuclear factor (NF-κB) levels as well as IKB-α degradation compared to blocking IL-18. On the contrary, the absence of IL-18 reduced p-ERK and p-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) in a more significant way compared to blocking IL-1β. Thus, the double KO increased the protective effects against colon inflammation maybe because different converging inflammatory pathways are being inhibited. In conclusion, the blocking of both IL-1β and IL-18 function may be advantageous in the treatment of IBD or inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mancuso
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Angelina Midiri
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Royal Infirmary, School of Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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41
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Ferreirinha P, Fróis-martins R, Teixeira L, Rocha A, Vilanova M, Correia A. Interferon-γ-dependent protection against Neospora caninum infection conferred by mucosal immunization in IL-12/IL-23 p40-deficient mice. Vaccine 2018; 36:4890-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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42
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Carlin AF, Plummer EM, Vizcarra EA, Sheets N, Joo Y, Tang W, Day J, Greenbaum J, Glass CK, Diamond MS, Shresta S. An IRF-3-, IRF-5-, and IRF-7-Independent Pathway of Dengue Viral Resistance Utilizes IRF-1 to Stimulate Type I and II Interferon Responses. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1600-1612. [PMID: 29117564 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors (TFs) that translate viral recognition into antiviral responses, including type I interferon (IFN) production. Dengue virus (DENV) and other clinically important flaviviruses are suppressed by type I IFN. While mice lacking the type I IFN receptor (Ifnar1-/-) succumb to DENV infection, we found that mice deficient in three transcription factors controlling type I IFN production (Irf3-/-Irf5-/-Irf7-/- triple knockout [TKO]) survive DENV challenge. DENV infection of TKO mice resulted in minimal type I IFN production but a robust type II IFN (IFN-γ) response. Using loss-of-function approaches for various molecules, we demonstrate that the IRF-3-, IRF-5-, IRF-7-independent pathway predominantly utilizes IFN-γ and, to a lesser degree, type I IFNs. This pathway signals via IRF-1 to stimulate interleukin-12 (IL-12) production and IFN-γ response. These results reveal a key antiviral role for IRF-1 by activating both type I and II IFN responses during DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron F Carlin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily M Plummer
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edward A Vizcarra
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Sheets
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yunichel Joo
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William Tang
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Day
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jay Greenbaum
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, and Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sujan Shresta
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Muñoz-Wolf N, Lavelle EC. A Guide to IL-1 family cytokines in adjuvanticity. FEBS J 2018; 285:2377-2401. [PMID: 29656546 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Growing awareness of the multiplicity of roles for the IL-1 family in immune regulation has prompted research exploring these cytokines in the context of vaccine-induced immunity. While tightly regulated, cytokines of the IL-1 family are normally released in response to cellular stress and in combination with other danger-/damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), triggering potent local and systemic immune responses. In the context of infection or autoimmunity, engagement of IL-1 family receptors links robust innate responses to adaptive immunity. Clinical and experimental evidence has revealed that many vaccine adjuvants induce the release of one or multiple IL-1 family cytokines. The coordinated release of IL-1 family members in response to adjuvant-induced damage or cell death may be a determining factor in the transition from local inflammation to the induction of an adaptive response. Here, we analyse the effects of IL-1 family cytokines on innate and adaptive immunity with a particular emphasis on activation of antigen-presenting cells and induction of T cell-mediated immunity, and we address in detail the contribution of these cytokines to the modes of action of vaccine adjuvants including those currently approved for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Muñoz-Wolf
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ed C Lavelle
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.,Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-18 was originally discovered as a factor that enhances interferon (IFN)-γ production by anti-CD3-stimulated Th1 cells, particularly in association with IL-12. IL-12 is a cytokine that induces development of Th1 cells. IL-18 cannot induce Th1 cell development, but has the capacity to activate established Th1 cells to produce IFN-γ in the presence of IL-12. Thus, IL-18 is regarded as a proinflammatory cytokine that facilitates type 1 responses. However, in the absence of IL-12 but presence of IL-2, IL-18 stimulates natural killer cells, NKT cells, and even established Th1 cells to produce IL-3, IL-9, and IL-13. Thus, IL-18 also facilitates type 2 responses. This unique function of IL-18 contributes to infection-associated allergic diseases. Together with IL-3, IL-18 stimulates mast cells and basophils to produce IL-4, IL-13, and chemical mediators such as histamine. Thus, IL-18 also induces innate-type allergic inflammation. IL-18 belongs to the IL-1 family of cytokines, which share similar molecular structures, receptors structures, and signal transduction pathways. Nevertheless, IL-18 shows a unique function by binding to a specific receptor expressed on distinct types of cells. In this review article, I will focus on the unique features of IL-18 in lymphocytes, basophils, and mast cells, particularly in comparison with IL-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nakanishi
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
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45
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Yamamoto K, Furuya K, Yamada K, Takahashi F, Hamajima C, Tanaka S. Enhancement of natural killer activity and IFN-γ production in an IL-12-dependent manner by a Brassica rapa L. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:654-668. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1408396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Certain food components possess immunomodulatory effects. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of the immunostimulatory activity of Brassica rapa L. We demonstrated an enhancement of natural killer (NK) activity and interferon (IFN)-γ production in mice that were orally administered an insoluble fraction of B. rapa L. The insoluble fraction of B. rapa L. significantly induced IFN-γ production in mouse spleen cells in an interleukin (IL)-12-dependent manner, and NK1.1+ cells were the main cells responsible for producing IFN-γ. Additionally, the results suggested that the active compounds in the insoluble fraction were recognized by Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4, and C-type lectin receptors on dendritic cells, and they activated signaling cascades such as MAPK, NF-κB, and Syk. These findings suggest that B. rapa L. is a potentially promising immuno-improving material, and it might be useful for preventing immunological disorders such as infections and cancers by activating innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Yamamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kanon Furuya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamada
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Fuka Takahashi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Chisato Hamajima
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Sachi Tanaka
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
- Frontier Agriscience and Technology Center, Graduate School of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
- Supramolecular Complexes Unit, Research Center for Fungal and Microbial Dynamism, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
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46
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Kyriakides K, Selkin G, Selkin B, Iwenofu H, Magro CM. Chronic Fibrosing Vasculitis in the Setting of Still Disease. J Clin Rheumatol 2019; 25:e127-30. [PMID: 29570486 DOI: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000000700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Nold-Petry CA, Nold MF, Levy O, Kliger Y, Oren A, Borukhov I, Becker C, Wirtz S, Sandhu MK, Neurath M, Dinarello CA. Gp96 Peptide Antagonist gp96-II Confers Therapeutic Effects in Murine Intestinal Inflammation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1531. [PMID: 29312281 PMCID: PMC5732239 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The expression of heat shock protein gp96 is strongly correlated with the degree of tissue inflammation in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, thereby leading us to the hypothesis that inhibition of expression via gp96-II peptide prevents intestinal inflammation. Methods We employed daily injections of gp96-II peptide in two murine models of intestinal inflammation, the first resulting from five daily injections of IL-12/IL-18, the second via a single intrarectal application of TNBS (2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid). We also assessed the effectiveness of gp96-II peptide in murine and human primary cell culture. Results In the IL-12/IL-18 model, all gp96-II peptide-treated animals survived until day 5, whereas 80% of placebo-injected animals died. gp96-II peptide reduced IL-12/IL-18-induced plasma IFNγ by 89%, IL-1β by 63%, IL-6 by 43% and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by 70% compared to controls. The clinical assessment Disease Activity Index of intestinal inflammation severity was found to be significantly lower in the gp96-II-treated animals when compared to vehicle-injected mice. gp96-II peptide treatment in the TNBS model limited weight loss to 5% on day 7 compared with prednisolone treatment, whereas placebo-treated animals suffered a 20% weight loss. Histological disease severity was reduced equally by prednisolone (by 40%) and gp96-II peptide (35%). Mice treated with either gp96-II peptide or prednisolone exhibited improved endoscopic scores compared with vehicle-treated control mice: vascularity, fibrin, granularity, and translucency scores were reduced by up to 49% by prednisolone and by up to 30% by gp96-II peptide. In vitro, gp96-II peptide reduced TLR2-, TLR4- and IL-12/IL-18-induced cytokine expression in murine splenocytes, with declines in constitutive IL-6 (54%), lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF (48%), IL-6 (81%) and in Staphylococcus epidermidis-induced TNF (67%) and IL-6 (81%), as well as IL-12/IL-18-induced IFNγ (75%). gp96-II peptide reduced IL–1β, IL-6, TNF and GM-CSF in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to a similar degree without affecting cell viability, whereas RANTES, IL-25 and MIF were twofold to threefold increased. Conclusion gp96-II peptide protects against murine intestinal inflammation by regulating inflammation in vivo and in vitro, pointing to its promise as a novel treatment for inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A Nold-Petry
- Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marcel F Nold
- Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Christoph Becker
- Medical Clinic 1, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Medical Clinic 1, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manjeet K Sandhu
- Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Gastroenterology, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Markus Neurath
- Medical Clinic 1, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Charles A Dinarello
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
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Muntasell A, Cabo M, Servitja S, Tusquets I, Martínez-García M, Rovira A, Rojo F, Albanell J, López-Botet M. Interplay between Natural Killer Cells and Anti-HER2 Antibodies: Perspectives for Breast Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1544. [PMID: 29181007 PMCID: PMC5694168 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) defines a subgroup of breast tumors with aggressive behavior. The addition of HER2-targeted antibodies (i.e., trastuzumab, pertuzumab) to chemotherapy significantly improves relapse-free and overall survival in patients with early-stage and advanced disease. Nonetheless, considerable proportions of patients develop resistance to treatment, highlighting the need for additional and co-adjuvant therapeutic strategies. HER2-specific antibodies can trigger natural killer (NK) cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and indirectly enhance the development of tumor-specific T cell immunity; both mechanisms contributing to their antitumor efficacy in preclinical models. Antibody-dependent NK cell activation results in the release of cytotoxic granules as well as the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IFNγ and TNFα) and chemokines. Hence, NK cell tumor suppressive functions include direct cytolytic killing of tumor cells as well as the regulation of subsequent antitumor adaptive immunity. Albeit tumors with gene expression signatures associated to the presence of cytotoxic lymphocyte infiltrates benefit from trastuzumab-based treatment, NK cell-related biomarkers of response/resistance to HER2-specific therapeutic antibodies in breast cancer patients remain elusive. Several variables, including (i) the configuration of the patient NK cell repertoire; (ii) tumor molecular features (i.e., estrogen receptor expression); (iii) concomitant therapeutic regimens (i.e., chemotherapeutic agents, tyrosine kinase inhibitors); and (iv) evasion mechanisms developed by progressive breast tumors, have been shown to quantitatively and qualitatively influence antibody-triggered NK cell responses. In this review, we discuss possible interventions for restoring/enhancing the therapeutic activity of HER2 therapeutic antibodies by harnessing NK cell antitumor potential through combinatorial approaches, including immune checkpoint blocking/stimulatory antibodies, cytokines and toll-like receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura Muntasell
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Cabo
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Servitja
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Hospital del Mar-CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Tusquets
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Hospital del Mar-CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Martínez-García
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Hospital del Mar-CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Rovira
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Hospital del Mar-CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Joan Albanell
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Hospital del Mar-CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.,Univ. Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel López-Botet
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Univ. Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Kunert A, Chmielewski M, Wijers R, Berrevoets C, Abken H, Debets R. Intra-tumoral production of IL18, but not IL12, by TCR-engineered T cells is non-toxic and counteracts immune evasion of solid tumors. Oncoimmunology 2017; 7:e1378842. [PMID: 29296541 PMCID: PMC5739571 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1378842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive therapy with engineered T cells shows promising results in treating patients with malignant disease, but is challenged by incomplete responses and tumor recurrences. Here, we aimed to direct the tumor microenvironment in favor of a successful immune response by local secretion of interleukin (IL-) 12 and IL-18 by sadministered T cells. To this end, we engineered T cells with a melanoma-specific T cell receptor (TCR) and murine IL-12 and/or IL-18 under the control of a nuclear-factor of activated T-cell (NFAT)-sensitive promoter. These T cells produced IL-12 or IL-18, and consequently enhanced levels of IFNγ, following exposure to antigen-positive but not negative tumor cells. Adoptive transfer of T cells with a TCR and inducible (i)IL-12 to melanoma-bearing mice resulted in severe, edema-like toxicity that was accompanied by enhanced levels of IFNγ and TNFα in blood, and reduced numbers of peripheral TCR transgene-positive T cells. In contrast, transfer of T cells expressing a TCR and iIL-18 was without side effects, enhanced the presence of therapeutic CD8+ T cells within tumors, reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival. Notably, treatment with TCR+iIL-12 but not iIL-18 T cells resulted in enhanced intra-tumoral accumulation of macrophages, which was accompanied by a decreased frequency of therapeutic T cells, in particular of the CD8 subset. In addition, when administered to mice, iIL-18 but not iIL-12 demonstrated a favorable profile of T cell co-stimulatory and inhibitory receptors. In conclusion, we observed that treatment with T cells engineered with a TCR and iIL18 T cells is safe and able to skew the tumor microenvironment in favor of an improved anti-tumor T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kunert
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Chmielewski
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - R Wijers
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Berrevoets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Abken
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - R Debets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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50
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Karsten CM, Wiese AV, Mey F, Figge J, Woodruff TM, Reuter T, Scurtu O, Kordowski A, Almeida LN, Briukhovetska D, Quell KM, Sun J, Ender F, Schmudde I, Vollbrandt T, Laumonnier Y, Köhl J. Monitoring C5aR2 Expression Using a Floxed tdTomato-C5aR2 Knock-In Mouse. J Immunol 2017; 199:3234-3248. [PMID: 28864475 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The biological significance of C5a receptor [(C5aR)2/C5L2], a seven-transmembrane receptor binding C5a and C5adesArg, remains ill-defined. Specific ligation of C5aR2 inhibits C5a-induced ERK1/2 activation, strengthening the view that C5aR2 regulates C5aR1-mediated effector functions. Although C5aR2 and C5aR1 are often coexpressed, a detailed picture of C5aR2 expression in murine cells and tissues is still lacking. To close this gap, we generated a floxed tandem dye (td)Tomato-C5aR2 knock-in mouse that we used to track C5aR2 expression in tissue-residing and circulating immune cells. We found the strongest C5aR2 expression in the brain, bone marrow, and airways. All myeloid-derived cells expressed C5aR2, although with different intensities. C5aR2 expression in blood and tissue neutrophils was strong and homogeneous. Specific ligation of C5aR2 in neutrophils from tdTomato-C5aR2 mice blocked C5a-driven ERK1/2 phosphorylation, demonstrating functionality of C5aR2 in the reporter mice. In contrast to neutrophils, we found tissue-specific differences in C5aR2 expression in eosinophils, macrophages, and dendritic cell subsets. Naive and activated T cells stained negative for C5aR2, whereas B cells from different tissues homogeneously expressed C5aR2. Also, NK cell subsets in blood and spleen strongly expressed C5aR2. Activation of C5aR2 in NK cells suppressed IL-12/IL-18-induced IFN-γ production. Intratracheal IL-33 challenge resulted in decreased C5aR2 expression in pulmonary eosinophils and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. In summary, we provide a detailed map of murine C5aR2 immune cell expression in different tissues under steady-state conditions and upon pulmonary inflammation. The C5aR2 knock-in mouse will help to reliably track and conditionally delete C5aR2 expression in experimental models of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Karsten
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany;
| | - Anna V Wiese
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Fabian Mey
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Julia Figge
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Trent M Woodruff
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Tom Reuter
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Olga Scurtu
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Anna Kordowski
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Larissa N Almeida
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Daria Briukhovetska
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Katharina M Quell
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Fanny Ender
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Inken Schmudde
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Tillman Vollbrandt
- Cell Analysis Core Facility, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany; and
| | - Yves Laumonnier
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Jörg Köhl
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany; .,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229
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