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Wu MY, Chen L, Liu LC, Liu MJ, Li YF, Zheng HY, Leng L, Zou YJ, Chen WJ, Li J. Using circulating microbial cell-free DNA to identify persistent Treponema pallidum infection in serofast syphilis patients. iScience 2024; 27:109399. [PMID: 38523794 PMCID: PMC10959656 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The question of whether serofast status of syphilis patients indicates an ongoing low-grade Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum) infection remains unanswered. To address this, we developed a machine learning model to identify T. pallidum in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Our findings showed that a TP_rate cut-off of 0.033 demonstrated superior diagnostic performance for syphilis, with a specificity of 92.3% and a sensitivity of 71.4% (AUROC = 0.92). This diagnosis model predicted that 20 out of 92 serofast patients had a persistent low-level infection. Based on these predictions, re-treatment was administered to these patients and its efficacy was evaluated. The results showed a statistically significant decrease in RPR titers in the prediction-positive group compared to the prediction-negative group after re-treatment (p < 0.05). These findings provide evidence for the existence of T. pallidum under serofast status and support the use of intensive treatment for serofast patients at higher risk in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yin Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Beijing Macro & Micro-test Bio-Tech Co., Ltd, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li Cheng Liu
- Beijing Macro & Micro-test Bio-Tech Co., Ltd, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ming Juan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yan Feng Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - He Yi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ling Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yi Jun Zou
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Jun Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Song Q, Li Y, Cao L, Hao L, Wen N, Wang F, Ma C, Zhang G, Zheng H, Yu W, An Z, Yin Z, Wang H. Impact of National Immunization Strategies on Vaccine-Preventable Diseases - China, 1950-2021. China CDC Wkly 2024; 6:339-343. [PMID: 38736466 PMCID: PMC11082052 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2024.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
What is already known about this topic? The incidences of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) included in the Expanded Program on Immunization in China have decreased significantly in recent decades. What is added by this report? This study summarizes the national incidences of nine VPDs and the seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) under different immunization strategies from 1950 through 2021 in China. The sharpest decreases in VPD incidence and under-5-year HBsAg seroprevalence occurred during the latest stage of the National Immunization Program. The decreases in VPD incidence were most prominent among children under five years of age. What are the implications for public health practice? These findings provide valuable insights for vaccine value assessment and emphasize the importance of implementing immunization strategies in targeted populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanwei Song
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Yixing Li
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Lei Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Lixin Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Ning Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Fuzhen Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Guomin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Hui Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenzhou Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhijie An
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Zundong Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Huaqing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Beijing, China
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Han Q, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhu X, An Q, Li Y, Wang T, Zhang Y, Li Y, Fang W, Tao N, Li H. Trends in the Notification Rates and Treatment Outcome of Tuberculosis in Shandong Province, China, 2005-2021. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:1477-1490. [PMID: 38634066 PMCID: PMC11021862 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s454076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the time trends in the notification rates of registered tuberculosis (TB) and bacteriologically confirmed TB in Shandong Province. And analyze the changes in TB treatment outcomes during 2005-2021. Patients and Methods The information of TB patients registered in the Shandong Information Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was collected during 2005-2021. We calculated the notification rates of registered TB and bacteriologically confirmed TB. Moreover, we calculated the year-to-year change rate of TB in treatment outcomes before and after COVID-19. The time trends were analyzed using the joinpoint regression method and illustrated as the annual percentage change (APC) of notification rates. Results A total of 236,898 cases of TB were diagnosed during 2005-2021, of which 51.11% were bacteriologically confirmed cases. Since 2008, the notification rates of registered TB have declined. The notification rates of bacteriologically confirmed TB had been declining during 2005-2016, then remained stable after 2016. In subgroup, the notification rates of both registered TB and bacteriologically confirmed TB were higher among men, rural residents, and people aged ≥ 60 years. Compared with clinically confirmed TB, bacteriologically confirmed TB has shown higher rates of poor outcomes since 2008 and higher case fatality rate since 2005. The rate of poor outcomes remained stable during 2008-2019. However, after the COVID-19 outbreak, the rate of poor outcomes and case fatality rate of TB has risen significantly. Conclusion After unremitting efforts to fight against TB, the notification rates of registered TB and bacteriologically confirmed TB declined in Shandong Province. The rate of poor outcomes remained stable during 2008-2019, then rise significantly after the COVID-19 outbreak. In the context of the long-term existence of COVID-19, further efforts should be made in TB diagnosis and treatment among high-risk population, especially with regard to males, rural residents and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuehan Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiqi An
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xingyi People’s Hospital, Qianxinan, Guizhou, 561499, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yameng Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Fang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningning Tao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaichen Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, People’s Republic of China
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Liao Y, Xie Q, Yin X, Li X, Xie J, Wu X, Tang S, Liu M, Zeng L, Pan Y, Yang J, Feng Z, Qin X, Zheng H. penA profile of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Guangdong, China: Novel penA alleles are related to decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone or cefixime. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 63:107101. [PMID: 38325722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) has become a public health concern with the spread of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and increasing antimicrobial resistance. Mutation of penA, encoding penicillin-binding protein 2, represents a mechanism of ESC resistance. This study sought to assess penA alleles and mutations associated with decreased susceptibility (DS) to ESCs in N. gonorrhoeae. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 2021, 347 gonococci were collected in Guangdong, China. Minimum inhibitory concentations (MICs) of ceftriaxone and cefixime were determined, and whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and conventional resistance determinants such as penA, mtrR, PonA and PorB were analysed. penA was genotyped and sequence-aligned using PubMLST. RESULTS Genome-wide phylogenetic analysis revealed that the prevalence of DS to ESCs was highest in Clade 11.1 (100.0%), Clade 2 (66.7%) and Clade 0 (55.7%), and the leading cause was strains with penA-60.001 or new penA alleles in clades. The penA phylogenetic tree is divided into two branches: non-mosaic penA and mosaic penA. The latter contained penA-60.001, penA-10 and penA-34. penA profile analysis indicated that A311V and T483S are closely related to DS to ESCs in mosaic penA. The new alleles NEIS1753_2840 and NEIS1753_2837 are closely related to penA-60.001, with DS to ceftriaxone and cefixime of 100%. NEIS1753_2660, a derivative of penA-10 (A486V), has increased DS to ceftriaxone. NEIS1753_2846, a derivative of penA-34.007 (G546S), has increased DS to cefixime. CONCLUSION This study identified critical penA alleles related to elevated MICs, and trends of gonococcus-evolved mutated penA associated with DS to ESCs in Guangdong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Liao
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghui Xie
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaona Yin
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhui Xie
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiang Xi, China
| | - Xingzhong Wu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sanmei Tang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingjing Liu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihong Zeng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuying Pan
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianjiang Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanqin Feng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Qin
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Disease Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Heping Zheng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Disease Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Gu J, Wang Q, Qiu W, Wu C, Qiu X. Chronic diseases and determinants of community health services utilization among adult residents in southern China: a community-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:919. [PMID: 38549080 PMCID: PMC10979594 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of chronic diseases has become a major public health concern, and high-efficiency use of community health services is essential in combating chronic diseases. This study described the status of chronic diseases in southern China and explored the determinants of health service utilization among adult residents. METHODS Data were obtained from one part of community survey data from four counties in Ganzhou City, southern China. A multistage, stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey between 2018 and 2020. Overall, 7430 valid questionnaires were collected. A lasso-linear regression analysis was performed to explore the determinants of community health service utilization. RESULTS According to the study, most participants (44.6%) reported having relatively good health, while 42.1% reported having moderate health. Chronic diseases were reported by 66.9% of the respondents. The three most prevalent self-reported chronic diseases were hypertension (22.6%), hyperlipidemia (5.9%), and diabetes (5.9%). Among residents with chronic diseases, 72.1% had one chronic disease, while the rest had multiple. Only 13.9% of residents frequently utilized community health services, while 18.9% never used them. Additionally, among residents who reported having chronic diseases, 14.1% had never attended community health services. Four categories of factors were the key determinants of community health service utilization: (1) personal characteristics, age, and sex; (2) health-related factors, such as family history, self-reported health conditions, and the number of chronic diseases; (3) community health service characteristics, such as satisfaction with and accessibility to community health services; and (4) knowledge of chronic diseases. Specifically, women tend to utilize healthcare services more frequently than men. Additionally, residents who are advanced in age, have a family history of chronic diseases, suffer from multiple chronic conditions, rate their self-reported health condition as poor, have a better knowledge about chronic diseases, have better accessibility to community health services, and have higher the satisfaction with community health services, tend to utilize them more frequently. CONCLUSIONS Given the limited healthcare resources, the government should promote the effective utilization of community health facilities as a critical community-based strategy to combat the growing threat of chronic diseases in southern China. The priority measures involve enhancing residents' access to and satisfaction with community health services and raising awareness of chronic illnesses among older individuals with poor health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwang Gu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, 530021, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, 341000, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, 341000, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, 341000, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunmei Wu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, 341000, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, 530021, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Zhou Z, Huayu M, Mu Y, Tang F, Ge RL. Ubenimex combined with Albendazole for the treatment of Echinococcus multilocularis-induced alveolar echinococcosis in mice. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1320308. [PMID: 38585297 PMCID: PMC10995866 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1320308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a parasitic disease caused by E. multilocularis metacestodes and it is highly prevalent in the northern hemisphere. We have previously found that vaccination with E. multilocularis-Leucine aminopeptidase (EM-LAP) could inhibit the growth and invasion of E. multilocularis in host liver, and Ubenimex, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of LAP, could also inhibit E. multilocularis invasion but had a limited effect on the growth and development of E. multilocularis. Methods In this study, the therapeutic effect of Ubenimex combined with Albendazole on AE was evaluated. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with protoscoleces and imaging examination was performed at week 8 and week 16 to detect cyst change. During this period, mice were intraperitoneally injected with Ubenimex and intragastrically administered with Albendazole suspension. At last, the therapeutic effect was evaluated by morphological and pathological examination and liver function. Results The results revealed that the combined treatment could inhibit the growth and infiltration of cysts in BALB/c mice infected with E. multilocularis protoscoleces. The weight, number, invasion and fibrosis of cysts were reduced in mice treated with Ubenimex in combination with Albendazole. The same effect was achieved by the single Ubenimex treatment because of its inhibitory effect on LAP activity, but it was less effective in inhibiting the growth of cysts. The levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, ALP, and γ-GT were reduced after the combined treatment, indicating that treatment with both Ubenimex and Albendazole could alleviate liver damage. Discussion This study suggests that the combined treatment with Ubenimex and Albendazole could be a potential therapeutic strategy for E. multilocularis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhou
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine in Qinghai Provincial, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Meiduo Huayu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine in Qinghai Provincial, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Yalin Mu
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine in Qinghai Provincial, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Ri-Li Ge
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine in Qinghai Provincial, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
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Alexopoulou C, Proklou A, Kokkini S, Raissaki M, Konstantinou I, Kondili E. A Fatal Case of Presumptive Diagnosis of Leptospirosis Involving the Central Nervous System. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:568. [PMID: 38470679 PMCID: PMC10931561 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a reemerging zooanthroponosis with a worldwide distribution, though it has a higher incidence in areas with tropical climate. A characteristic finding of the disease is its wide spectrum of symptoms and organ involvement, as it can appear either with very mild flu-like manifestations or with multiorgan failure, affecting the central nervous system (CNS) with a concomitant hepatorenal dysfunction (Weil's syndrome) and significant high mortality rate. We report herein a fatal case of a 25 years old female, previously healthy, with impaired neurological status. She had high fever and severe multiorgan failure. The clinical data and the epidemiological factors were not conclusive for the diagnosis, and the first serology test from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sera samples were negative. When the repetition of the blood test showed elevated IgM antibodies, Leptospirosis was the presumptive diagnosis. Although CNS involvement is rare, the diagnosis should be considered when there is an elevated risk of exposure. The diagnostic protocol should encompass direct evidence of the bacterium and indirect measurement of antibodies. Timely detection and management are imperative to forestall complications and fatality associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Alexopoulou
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Athanasia Proklou
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Sofia Kokkini
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Maria Raissaki
- Radiology Department, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Konstantinou
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Eumorfia Kondili
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.P.); (S.K.); (I.K.); (E.K.)
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Li W, Yuan W, Huang S, Zou L, Zheng K, Xie D. Research progress on the mechanism of Treponema pallidum breaking through placental barrier. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106392. [PMID: 37852552 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Congenital syphilis, a significant cause of fetal mortality worldwide, is a congenital infectious disease instigated by the vertical transmission of Treponema pallidum during pregnancy. Clinical manifestations include preterm delivery, stillbirth, neonatal skin lesions, skeletal abnormalities, and central nervous system aberrations. The ongoing increase in the incidence of congenital syphilis, coupled with complexities in diagnosis, necessitates a detailed understanding of its pathogenesis for the development of improved diagnostic approaches, and to interrupt the route of vertical transmission. Drawing from the broader body of research associated with vertical transmission pathogens, we aim to clarify the potential mechanisms by which Treponema pallidum breaches the placental barrier to infect the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Shaobin Huang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, Institution of Pathogenic Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, China
| | - Kang Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Central Hospital, Hengyang, China.
| | - Dongde Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Foshan, China.
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Zhang Y, Wang K, Zhu J, Wu J. A network suspected infectious disease model for the development of syphilis transmission from 2015 to 2021 in Hubei province, China. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad311. [PMID: 38130214 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Understanding the transmission mode of syphilis is essential to prevent and predict its future prevalence and to develop effective control measures. This study aimed to develop a network suspected infectious disease model to simulate the syphilis transmission. METHODS AND RESULTS The number of syphilis cases in Wuhan's Fourth Hospital, Hubei province, China, from October 2015 to July 2021 was collected. The simulation was carried out by interpersonal network-SI (suspected infectious) model based on temporal exponential family random graph models. Late latent syphilis and tertiary syphilis are predicted by December 2025. The validity of simulated value and real data was tested, including determination coefficient (R2), root means square error (RMSE), and means relative error (MRE). Moreover, we developed an online app that can more easily predict the number of syphilis infections in different scenarios by setting different parameters. Results showed that R2, RMSE, and MRE were 0.995, 36.19, and 6.31, respectively. Speed from latent infection to primary syphilis, primary syphilis to secondary syphilis, and susceptible group to latent infection decreased rapidly. The speed of transformation from secondary syphilis to early incubation period and early latent to late latent experienced a process from increase to decreased. Late latent to tertiary syphilis patients increased steadily. The number of late latent patients, early latent, invisible infection, primary syphilis, and secondary syphilis all increased at first and turn to decreased. However, tertiary syphilis continuously kept rising in the whole process. To better make use of the transmission model, an online application was developed (https://alanwu.shinyapps.io/MD-shiny/). CONCLUSIONS Based on the simulation that late latent and tertiary syphilis were steadily increasing, the prevention and treatment for syphilis were imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry Education, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Public Health, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Jinyi Wu
- Department of Public Health, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan 430000, China
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Wang S, Ding L, Liu Y, Sun Z, Jiang W, Miao Y, Wang S, Meng J, Zhao H. Characteristics of common pathogens of urogenital tract among outpatients in Shanghai, China from 2016 to 2021. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1228048. [PMID: 38089034 PMCID: PMC10711282 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1228048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the prevalent causes of several genital diseases worldwide; however, their characteristics in different genders have not been well documented in Shanghai. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of common pathogens among outpatients, considering variations by gender and age. Methods From January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021, the urogenital swabs of 16216 outpatients aged 3-95 years from two general hospitals in Shanghai were collected. All participants' swabs were investigated for U. urealyticum, C. trachomatis, and N. gonorrhoeae by isothermal RNA-based simultaneous amplification and testing. The basic information of all participants was also recorded, including age and gender. The chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence between different genders, age groups, and infection patterns. Results There were 5,744 patients (35.42%) with positive samples whose ages ranged from 7 to 80 years (33.23 ± 8.63 years), and 62.14% of them were women. The most common pathogen detected was U. urealyticum (85.08%). The highest prevalence rate of all three pathogens was found in patients aged ≤ 20 years (40.53%, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 33.80%-47.63%). The prevalent rate of U. urealyticum was higher in men (33.36%, 95% CI: 32.19%-34.55%). The overall prevalence rates of U. urealyticum, C. trachomatis, and N. gonorrhoeae were 30.14% (95% CI: 29.44%-30.85%), 6.00% (95% CI: 5.64%-6.38%), and 2.10% (95% CI: 1.89%-2.33%). Conclusions Ureaplasma urealyticum was the most prevalent pathogen in the population, and its prevalence decreased with age. Young men aged ≤ 20 years were more frequently infected. Regular screening for sexually transmitted pathogens in different genders and age groups are warranted, particularly in young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyang Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenrong Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxin Miao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Centre on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Luo Y, Wu B, Xu Y, Ai L, Lv H, Wu J, Tan W. Epidemiologic changes of infectious diseases in the post-SARS era in China, 2004-2018. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2171. [PMID: 37932712 PMCID: PMC10626686 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16756-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To outline 44 major infectious diseases in the post-SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) in China and describe their long-term trends and changes by age, sex, epidemic season, and province. BACKGROUND After the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003, with the change of infectious disease prevention and control system and the improvement of residents' quality of life, the incidence and mortality of infectious diseases have undergone major changes. METHODS The data of 44 major infectious diseases in China from 2004 to 2018 were obtained from the monthly analysis report of the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP) and the Public Health Science Data Center. Joinpoint r regression models were used to examine trends in incidence and mortality for 44 major and important infectious diseases from 2004 to 2018. RESULTS From 2004 to 2018, 20,105, 500, 772 patients (10, 306, 546, 523 males and 9, 798, 954, 249 females) were diagnosed with 44 major infectious diseases. The overall incidence of 44 infectious diseases increased significantly from 294.6 per 100,000 people in 2004 to 479.1 per 100,000 people in 2010, with 7.9% APC (95% CI 5.2% -10.7%, P < 0.001), then slowed, and then increased to 561.2 per 100,000 people in 2018, with 1.5% APC (-0.1%-3.2%, P = 0.070). The overall mortality rose significantly, from 0.49 to 1.13 per 100,000 people between 2004 and 2011, with an APC increase of 11.6% (7.7% -15.6%, P < 0.001), and then remained stable until 2018. Among these, the prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases and gastrointestinal & enteroviral diseases remained high and increased year by year. Patients with zoonotic diseases have the greatest risk of death, while patients with sexually transmitted and blood-borne diseases have the greatest number of deaths. Incidence rates vary considerably across geographic regions. Western China has a disproportionate burden of infectious diseases compared with eastern regions. CONCLUSIONS After the event of SARS in 2003, infectious disease preventing and controlling model has undergone major changes in China, and certain achievements have been made in this field. Although overall morbidity and case fatality rates are still rising, they have leveled off. In reducing the disproportionate disease burden in the western region, expanding vaccination programs, preventing further increases in rates of sexually transmitted diseases, renewing efforts for emerging and persistent infectious diseases, and addressing seasonal and unpredictable outbreaks (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), there are still remain many challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhe Luo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, 210002, P.R. China
| | - Binxiong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Yameng Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, 210002, P.R. China
| | - Lele Ai
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, 210002, P.R. China
| | - Heng Lv
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jiahong Wu
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China.
| | - Weilong Tan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P.R. China.
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, 210002, P.R. China.
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Zhang S, Ling C, Qian Z, Yin J, Tang Q, Zhang X, Shi Y, Feng B, Ding J, Yang Q. Clinical analysis and methodological evaluation of syphilis infection in patients in a first-class tertiary hospital in Suzhou, China. Am J Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 12:74-80. [PMID: 38022871 PMCID: PMC10658164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and epidemiological characteristics of patients with syphilis in a first-class tertiary hospital and to evaluate the coincidence rate between chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay (TPPA). METHODS The medical records of 247,501 outpatients and inpatients were retrospectively analyzed. TPPA was used to verify positive and suspected cases, and the coincidence rate between CLIA and TPPA was evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine optimal diagnostic thresholds. RESULTS Of the 247,501 serum samples, 5,173 were detected positive for syphilis using CLIA, with a detection rate of 2.09% and a men-to-women ratio of 1.39. The chi-square test showed that sex and age were both factors that affected the detection rate (χ2=229.51, P < 0.0001). In addition, urology, orthopedics, cardiology, general surgery, gastroenterology, and gynecology represented the top six departments with the highest numbers of positive cases. Comparative analysis showed that the overall coincidence rate between CLIA and TPPA was 80.24%. Analysis of the ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.936 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.929-0.942, P < 0.0001) using sample/cut-off value (S/CO) as a diagnostic indicator. The results showed that an S/CO value of 3.945 was the best diagnostic value for the CLIA method, with a diagnostic specificity of 93.64% and a sensitivity of 81.90%. CONCLUSIONS Syphilis is widely distributed in various hospital departments and primarily affects middle-aged and older individuals. For cases that have been initially screened as positive or suspicious, TPPA and other tests should be used for verification to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Centre of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Ling
- Centre of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongping Qian
- Centre of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingping Yin
- Centre of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingqin Tang
- Centre of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ximeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinjuan Shi
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Centre of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Centre of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Centre of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
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Hu J, Li W, Peng Z, Chen Z, Shi Y, Zheng Y, Liang Q, Wu Y, Liu W, Shen W, Dai Q, Zhu L, Bao C, Zhu F, Chen F. Annual incidence and fatality rates of notifiable infectious diseases in southeast China from 1950 to 2022 and relationship to socioeconomic development. J Glob Health 2023; 13:04107. [PMID: 37681663 PMCID: PMC10486175 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.04107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over the past 70 years, China has advanced significantly in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases while simultaneously undergoing a socioeconomic transformation, making it a useful source of data for analysing relationships between public health policy and the control of infectious diseases. Methods We collected data on the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases and associated fatalities in Jiangsu province in southeast China from the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, and the Nationwide Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting Information System. We compared data from different historical periods using descriptive statistical methods, joinpoint regression, and correlation analysis. Results During 1950-2022, 75 754 008 cases of 46 notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Jiangsu, with an average annual incidence was 1679.49 per 100 000 population and a fatality rate of 1.82 per 1000 persons. The incidence of classes A-B decreased (average annual percent change (AAPC) = -2.1) during the entire study period, while the incidence of class C increased (AAPC = 10.8) after 2004. The incidence of intestinal diseases (AAPC = -4.4) and vector-borne and zoonotic diseases (AAPC = -8.1) decreased rapidly, while the incidence of sexually transmitted and blood-borne diseases (AAPC = 1.8) increased. The number of medical and health institutions and the per capita gross domestic product correlated negatively with the annual incidence of diseases in classes A-B, but not with fatality rates. Conclusions Although the annual incidence of many severe infectious diseases has decreased in Jiangsu since 1950, the incidence of sexually transmitted and blood-borne diseases increased. Socioeconomic growth and sustainable investment in health systems are associated with better control of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Hu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- General office, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, WuXi, China
| | - Zhihang Peng
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziying Chen
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanze Zheng
- Department of Acute infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Lianyungang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lianyungang, China
| | - Qi Liang
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Wendong Liu
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenqi Shen
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Qigang Dai
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Health Emergency, Nanjing, China
| | - Liguo Zhu
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Health Emergency, Nanjing, China
| | - Changjun Bao
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Health Emergency, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengcai Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Zhu Z, Feng Y, Gu L, Guan X, Liu N, Zhu X, Gu H, Cai J, Li X. Spatio-temporal pattern and associate factors of intestinal infectious diseases in Zhejiang Province, China, 2008-2021: a Bayesian modeling study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1652. [PMID: 37644452 PMCID: PMC10464402 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite significant progress in sanitation status and public health awareness, intestinal infectious diseases (IID) have caused a serious disease burden in China. Little was known about the spatio-temporal pattern of IID at the county level in Zhejiang. Therefore, a spatio-temporal modelling study to identify high-risk regions of IID incidence and potential risk factors was conducted. METHODS Reported cases of notifiable IID from 2008 to 2021 were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Moran's I index and the local indicators of spatial association (LISA) were calculated using Geoda software to identify the spatial autocorrelation and high-risk areas of IID incidence. Bayesian hierarchical model was used to explore socioeconomic and climate factors affecting IID incidence inequities from spatial and temporal perspectives. RESULTS From 2008 to 2021, a total of 101 cholera, 55,298 bacterial dysentery, 131 amoebic dysentery, 5297 typhoid, 2102 paratyphoid, 27,947 HEV, 1,695,925 hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), and 1,505,797 other infectious diarrhea (OID) cases were reported in Zhejiang Province. The hot spots for bacterial dysentery, OID, and HEV incidence were found mainly in Hangzhou, while high-high cluster regions for incidence of enteric fever and HFMD were mainly located in Ningbo. The Bayesian model showed that Areas with a high proportion of males had a lower risk of BD and enteric fever. People under the age of 18 may have a higher risk of IID. High urbanization rate was a protective factor against HFMD (RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.88, 0.94), but was a risk factor for HEV (RR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.10). BD risk (RR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.10-1.18) and enteric fever risk (RR = 1.18, 95% CI:1.10-1.27) seemed higher in areas with high GDP per capita. The greater the population density, the higher the risk of BD (RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.23-1.36), enteric fever (RR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.00-1.25), and HEV (RR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.09-1.21). Among climate variables, higher temperature was associated with a higher risk of BD (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.23-1.41), enteric fever (RR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.33-1.50), and HFMD (RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.08-1.38), and with lower risk of HEV (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.78-0.89). Precipitation was positively correlated with enteric fever (RR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00-1.08), HFMD (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.06), and HEV (RR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03-1.08). Higher HFMD risk was also associated with increasing relative humidity (RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.16-1.24) and lower wind velocity (RR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.84-0.92). CONCLUSIONS There was significant spatial clustering of IID incidence in Zhejiang Province from 2008 to 2021. Spatio-temporal patterns of IID risk could be largely explained by socioeconomic and meteorological factors. Preventive measures and enhanced monitoring should be taken in some high-risk counties in Hangzhou city and Ningbo city.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Zhu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Lanfang Gu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xifei Guan
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Nawen Liu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hua Gu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Jian Cai
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
| | - Xiuyang Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Wang M, Jia M, Wei Z, Wang W, Shang Y, Ji H. Construction and effectiveness evaluation of a knowledge-based infectious disease monitoring and decision support system. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13202. [PMID: 37580359 PMCID: PMC10425425 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39931-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve the hospital's ability to proactively detect infectious diseases, a knowledge-based infectious disease monitoring and decision support system was established based on real medical records and knowledge rules. The effectiveness of the system was evaluated using interrupted time series analysis. In the system, a monitoring and alert rule library for infectious diseases was generated by combining infectious disease diagnosis guidelines with literature and a real medical record knowledge map. The system was integrated with the electronic medical record system, and doctors were provided with various types of real-time warning prompts when writing medical records. The effectiveness of the system's alerts was analyzed from the perspectives of false positive rates, rule accuracy, alert effectiveness, and missed case rates using interrupted time series analysis. Over a period of 12 months, the system analyzed 4,497,091 medical records, triggering a total of 12,027 monitoring alerts. Of these, 98.43% were clinically effective, while 1.56% were invalid alerts, mainly owing to the relatively rough rules generated by the guidelines leading to several false alarms. In addition, the effectiveness of the system's alerts, distribution of diagnosis times, and reporting efficiency of doctors were analyzed. 89.26% of infectious disease cases could be confirmed and reported by doctors within 5 min of receiving the alert, and 77.6% of doctors could complete the filling of 33 items of information within 2 min, which is a reduction in time compared to the past. The timely reminders from the system reduced the rate of missed cases by doctors; the analysis using interrupted time series method showed an average reduction of 4.4037% in the missed-case rate. This study proposed a knowledge-based infectious disease decision support system based on real medical records and knowledge rules, and its effectiveness was verified. The system improved the management of infectious diseases, increased the reliability of decision-making, and reduced the rate of underreporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Wang
- Information Management and Big Data Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mo Jia
- Information Management and Big Data Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhao Wei
- Goodwill Hessian Health Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Goodwill Hessian Health Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yafei Shang
- Goodwill Hessian Health Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Ji
- Information Management and Big Data Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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16
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Chen S, Wang Y, Zhan Y, Liu C, Wang Q, Feng J, Li Y, Chen H, Zeng Z. The incidence of tuberculous pleurisy in mainland China from 2005 to 2018. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1180818. [PMID: 37397728 PMCID: PMC10311513 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1180818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, tuberculous pleurisy (TP) remains a serious problem affecting global public health, including in China. Our purpose was to comprehensively understand and identify the incidence of TP in mainland China between 2005 and 2018. Methods The data on registered TP cases from 2005 to 2018 were acquired from the National Tuberculosis Information Management System. We analyzed the demographics, epidemiology, and time-space distribution of TP patients. Then, the effects of potentially influential factors on TP incidences, such as medical expenses per capita, GDP per capita, and population density, were assessed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results The incidence of TP increased in mainland China from 2005 to 2018, with a mean incidence of 2.5 per 100,000 population. Interestingly, spring was the peak season for TP, with more notified cases. Tibet, Beijing, Xinjiang, and Inner Mongolia had the highest mean annual incidence. A moderate positive relationship was found between TP incidence, medical expenses per capita, and GDP per capita. Conclusions The notified incidence of TP had an elevated trend from 2005 to 2018 in mainland China. The findings of this study provide insight into the knowledge of TP epidemiology in the country, which can help optimize resource allocation to reduce the TP burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Chen
- Second Clinical College, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Zhan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changyu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huilong Chen
- Department and Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilin Zeng
- Department and Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wu H, Xue M, Wu C, Ding Z, Wang X, Fu T, Yang K, Lin J, Lu Q. Estimation of influenza incidence and analysis of epidemic characteristics from 2009 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1154944. [PMID: 37427270 PMCID: PMC10328336 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1154944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza infection causes a huge burden every year, affecting approximately 8% of adults and approximately 25% of children and resulting in approximately 400,000 respiratory deaths worldwide. However, based on the number of reported influenza cases, the actual prevalence of influenza may be greatly underestimated. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence rate of influenza and determine the true epidemiological characteristics of this virus. Methods The number of influenza cases and the prevalence of ILIs among outpatients in Zhejiang Province were obtained from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Specimens were sampled from some cases and sent to laboratories for influenza nucleic acid testing. Random forest was used to establish an influenza estimation model based on the influenza-positive rate and the percentage of ILIs among outpatients. Furthermore, the moving epidemic method (MEM) was applied to calculate the epidemic threshold for different intensity levels. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify the annual change in influenza incidence. The seasonal trends of influenza were detected by wavelet analysis. Results From 2009 to 2021, a total of 990,016 influenza cases and 8 deaths were reported in Zhejiang Province. The numbers of estimated influenza cases from 2009 to 2018 were 743,449, 47,635, 89,026, 132,647, 69,218, 190,099, 204,606, 190,763, 267,168 and 364,809, respectively. The total number of estimated influenza cases is 12.11 times the number of reported cases. The APC of the estimated annual incidence rate was 23.33 (95% CI: 13.2 to 34.4) from 2011 to 2019, indicating a constant increasing trend. The intensity levels of the estimated incidence from the epidemic threshold to the very high-intensity threshold were 18.94 cases per 100,000, 24.14 cases per 100,000, 141.55 cases per 100,000, and 309.34 cases per 100,000, respectively. From the first week of 2009 to the 39th week of 2022, there were a total of 81 weeks of epidemics: the epidemic period reached a high intensity in 2 weeks, the epidemic period was at a moderate intensity in 75 weeks, and the epidemic period was at a low intensity in 2 weeks. The average power was significant on the 1-year scale, semiannual scale, and 115-week scale, and the average power of the first two cycles was significantly higher than that of the other cycles. In the period from the 20th week to the 35th week, the Pearson correlation coefficients between the time series of influenza onset and the positive rate of pathogens, including A(H3N2), A (H1N1)pdm2009, B(Victoria) and B(Yamagata), were - 0.089 (p = 0.021), 0.497 (p < 0.001), -0.062 (p = 0.109) and - 0.084 (p = 0.029), respectively. In the period from the 36th week of the first year to the 19th week of the next year, the Pearson correlation coefficients between the time series of influenza onset and the positive rate of pathogens, including A(H3N2), A (H1N1)pdm2009, B(Victoria) and B(Yamagata), were 0.516 (p < 0.001), 0.148 (p < 0.001), 0.292 (p < 0.001) and 0.271 (p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion The disease burden of influenza has been seriously underestimated in the past. An appropriate method for estimating the incidence rate of influenza may be to comprehensively consider the influenza-positive rate as well as the percentage of ILIs among outpatients. The intensity level of the estimated incidence from the epidemic threshold to the very high-intensity threshold was calculated, thus yielding a quantitative standard for judging the influenza prevalence level in the future. The incidence of influenza showed semi-annual peaks in Zhejiang Province, including a main peak from December to January of the next year followed by a peak in summer. Furthermore, the driving factors of the influenza peaks were preliminarily explored. While the peak in summer was mainly driven by pathogens of A(H3N2), the peak in winter was alternately driven by various pathogens. Our research suggests that the government urgently needs to address barriers to vaccination and actively promote vaccines through primary care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Wu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Zhejiang CDC), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (HZCDC), Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Zhejiang CDC), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheyuan Ding
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Zhejiang CDC), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Zhejiang CDC), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyin Fu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Zhejiang CDC), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Zhejiang CDC), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfen Lin
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Zhejiang CDC), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinbao Lu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Zhejiang CDC), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
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Chen MH, Deng SH, Wang MH, Yan XK. Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of infectious diarrhea in preschool children: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33645. [PMID: 37115049 PMCID: PMC10145719 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diarrhea is a common disease in preschool children, but the pathogenic species, origins, and influencing factors remain debatable. Therefore, more studies are required to solve these debatable topics. A number of 260 eligible preschool children diagnosed with infectious diarrhea in our hospital were enrolled in the infection group. Meanwhile, a number of 260 matched healthy children from the health center were enrolled in the control group. The pathogenic species and origins, the time of onset of infectious diarrhea in the infection group, demographic data, exposure history, hygiene habits, dietary habits, and other variables in both groups were initially collected from medical documents. In addition, a questionnaire was used to complete and confirm study variables through face-to-face or telephone interviews. Then, the univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to screen the influencing factors of infectious diarrhea. Among 260 infected children, salmonella (15.77%), rotavirus (13.85%), shigella (11.54%), vibrio (10.38%), and norovirus (8.85%) were the top 5 common pathogens; January (13.85%), December (12.69%), August (12.31%), February (11.92%), and July (8.46%) were the top 5 frequent times of infectious diarrhea. The distribution of onset time for infectious diarrhea was commonly found in winter and summer, and the pathogens always originated from foods. The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that recent exposure to diarrhea, flies, and/or cockroaches indoors were the 2 risk factors for infectious diarrhea; Meanwhile, rotavirus vaccination, regular hand-washing, tableware disinfection, separate preparation of cooked and raw foods, and regular intake of lactobacillus products were the 5 protective factors for infectious diarrhea in preschool children. Infectious diarrhea has a diversity of pathogenic species, origins, and influencing factors in preschool children. Activities focusing on these influencing factors such as rotavirus vaccination, consumption of lactobacillus products, and other conventional factors would be beneficial to preschool children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Heng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fenghua People’s Hospital, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Su-Han Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fenghua People’s Hospital, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming-Huan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xu-Ke Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fenghua People’s Hospital, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China
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Chen C, Jiang D, Yan D, Pi L, Zhang X, Du Y, Liu X, Yang M, Zhou Y, Ding C, Lan L, Yang S. The global region-specific epidemiologic characteristics of influenza: World Health Organization FluNet data from 1996 to 2021. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 129:118-124. [PMID: 36773717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate region-specific epidemiologic characteristics of influenza and influenza transmission zones (ITZs). METHODS Weekly influenza surveillance data of 156 countries from 1996 to 2021 were obtained using FluNet. Joinpoint regression was used to describe global influenza virus trends, and clustering analyses were used to classify the ITZs. RESULTS The global median average positive rate for total influenza virus was 16.19% (interquartile range: 11.62-25.70%). Overall, three major subtypes (influenza H1, H3, and B viruses) showed alternating epidemics. Notably, the proportion of influenza B viruses increased significantly from July 2020 to June 2021, reaching 62.66%. The primary peaks of influenza virus circulation in the north were earlier than those in the south. Global influenza virus circulation was significantly characterized by seven ITZs, including "Northern America" (primary peak: week 10), "Eastern & Southern-Asia" (primary peak: week 10), "Europe" (primary peak: week 11), "Asia-Europe" (primary peak: week 12), "Southern-America" (primary peak: week 30), "Oceania-Melanesia-Polynesia" (primary peak: week 39), and "Africa" (primary peak: week 46). CONCLUSION Global influenza virus circulation was significantly characterized by seven ITZs that could be applied to influenza surveillance and warning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Public Health, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daixi Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Public Health, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danying Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lucheng Pi
- Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaobao Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Public Health, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxia Du
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Public Health, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengya Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Public Health, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shigui Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Public Health, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Li H, Zhou L, Zhao Y, Ma L, Zhang H, Liu Y, Liu X, Hu J. Epidemiological analysis of Group A streptococcus infection diseases among children in Beijing, China under COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:76. [PMID: 36782167 PMCID: PMC9923647 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03885-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group A streptococcus is human-restricted gram-positive pathogen, responsible for various clinical presentations from mild epidermis infections to life threatened invasive diseases. Under COVID-19 pandemic,. the characteristics of the epidemic strains of GAS could be different. PURPOSE To investigate epidemiological and molecular features of isolates from GAS infections among children in Beijing, China between January 2020 and December 2021. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiling was performed based on Cinical Laboratory Sandards Institute. Distribution of macrolide-resistance genes, emm types, and superantigens was examined by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS 114 GAS isolates were collected which were frequent resistance against erythromycin (94.74%), followed by clindamycin (92.98%), tetracycline (87.72%). Emm12 (46.49%), emm1 (25.44%) were dominant emm types. Distribution of ermB, ermA, and mefA gene was 93.85%, 2.63%, and 14.04%, respectively. Frequent superantigenes identified were smeZ (97.39%), speG (95.65%), and speC (92.17%). Emm1 strains possessed smeZ, ssa, and speC, while emm12 possessed smeZ, ssa, speG, and speC. Erythromycin resistance was predominantly mediated by ermB. Scarlet fever strains harbored smeZ (98.81%), speC (94.05%). Impetigo strains harbored smeZ (88.98%), ssa (88.89%), and speC (88.89%). Psoriasis strains harbored smeZ (100%). CONCLUSIONS Under COVID-19 pandemic, our collections of GAS infection cutaneous diseases decreased dramatically. Epidemiological analysis of GAS infections among children during COVID-19 pandemic was not significantly different from our previous study. There was a correlation among emm, superantigen gene and disease manifestations. Long-term surveillance and investigation of emm types and superantigens of GAS prevalence are imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Lin Zhou
- grid.459434.bDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Yong Zhao
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Reproductive Medicine, Senior Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Ma
- grid.459434.bDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Haihua Zhang
- grid.459434.bDepartment of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Yan Liu
- grid.459434.bDepartment of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- grid.459434.bDepartment of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Jin Hu
- grid.459434.bDepartment of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020 China
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Zuo Z, Yang C, Ye F, Wang M, Wu J, Tao C, Xun Y, Li Z, Liu S, Huang J, Xu A. Trends in respiratory diseases before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in China from 2010 to 2021. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:217. [PMID: 36721137 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ongoing benefits of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for respiratory infectious diseases in China are still unclear. We aimed to explore the changes in seven respiratory infectious diseases before, during, and after COVID-19 in China from 2010 to 2021. METHODS The monthly case numbers of seven respiratory infectious diseases were extracted to construct autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. Eight indicators of NPIs were chosen from the COVID-19 Government Response Tracker system. The monthly case numbers of the respiratory diseases and the eight indicators were used to establish the Multivariable generalized linear model (GLM) to calculate the incidence rate ratios (IRRs). RESULTS Compared with the year 2019, the percentage changes in 2020 and 2021 were all below 100% ranging from 3.81 to 84.71%. Pertussis and Scarlet fever started to increase in 2021 compared with 2020, with a percentage change of 183.46 and 171.49%. The ARIMA model showed a good fit, and the predicted data fitted well with the actual data from 2010 to 2019, but the predicted data was bigger than the actual number in 2020 and 2021. All eight indicators could negatively affect the incidence of respiratory diseases. The seven respiratory diseases were significantly reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021 compared with 2019, with significant estimated IRRs ranging from 0.06 to 0.85. In the GLM using data for the year 2020 and 2021, the IRRs were not significant after adjusting for the eight indicators in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the incidence of the seven respiratory diseases decreased rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. At the end of 2021, we did see a rising trend for the seven respiratory diseases compared to the year 2020 when the NPIs relaxed in China, but the rising trend was not significant after adjusting for the NPIs indicators. Our study showed that NPIs have an effect on respiratory diseases, but Relaxation of NPIs might lead to the resurgence of respiratory diseases.
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Wu X, Zhou X, Chen Y, Zhai K, Sun R, Luo G, Lin YF, Li Y, Yang C, Zou H. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on cases and deaths of AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C in China: an interrupted time series analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e40591. [PMID: 36634257 DOI: 10.2196/40591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China has implemented nationwide lockdown to contain COVID-19 from an early stage. Previous studies of the impact of COVID-19 on sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and diseases caused by blood-borne viruses (BBVs) in China have yielded widely disparate results, and study on deaths attributable to STDs and BBVs are scarce. OBJECTIVE We aimed to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the cases, deaths, and case-fatality ratios of STDs and BBVs. METHODS We extracted the monthly cases and deaths data for AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C between January 2015 and December 2021 from the notifiable disease reporting database on the official website of the National Health Commission of China. We used descriptive statistics to summarize the number of cases and deaths, and calculated incidence and case-fatality ratios before and after implementing nationwide lockdown (January 2020). We used negative binominal segmented regression models to estimate the immediate and long-term impacts of lockdown on cases, deaths, and case-fatality ratios in January 2020 and December 2021, respectively. RESULTS A total of 14,800,330 cases and 127,030 deaths of AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C were reported from January 2015 to December 2021, with an incidence of 149.11/100,000 before lockdown and 151.41/100,000 after lockdown , and a case-fatality ratio of 8.21/1000 before lockdown and 9.50/1000 after lockdown . In the negative binominal model, AIDS cases (-23.4%; 0.766, 0.626-0.939) and deaths (-23.9%; 0.761, 0.647-0.896), gonorrhea cases (-34.3%; 0.657, 0.524-0.823), syphilis cases (-15.4%; 0.846, 0.763-0.937), hepatitis B cases (-17.5%; 0.825, 0.726-0.937) and hepatitis C cases (-19.6%; 0.804, 0.693-0.933) showed significant decreases in January 2020. Gonorrhea, syphilis and hepatitis C showed small increases in the number of deaths or case-fatality ratios in January 2020. By December 2021, the cases, deaths, and case-fatality ratios for each disease had either reached or remained below expected levels. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 lockdown may have contributed to fewer reported cases of AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C, and more reported deaths or case-fatality ratios of gonorrhea, syphilis and hepatitis C in China. CLINICALTRIAL
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsheng Wu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China, Shenzhen, CN
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China, Shenzhen, CN
| | - Yuanyi Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China, Shenzhen, CN
| | - Ke Zhai
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China, Shenzhen, CN
| | - Ruoyao Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China, Shenzhen, CN
| | - Ganfeng Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China, Shenzhen, CN
| | - Yi-Fan Lin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China, Shenzhen, CN
| | - Yuwei Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China, Shenzhen, CN
| | - Chongguang Yang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China, Shenzhen, CN
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China, Shenzhen, CN
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Zhao N, Wang S, Wang L, Shi Y, Jiang Y, Tseng TJ, Liu S, Chan TC, Zhang Z. Epidemiological features and trends in the mortality rates of 10 notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in China from 2004 to 2020: Based on national surveillance. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1102747. [PMID: 36875408 PMCID: PMC9982089 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1102747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to describe, visualize, and compare the trends and epidemiological features of the mortality rates of 10 notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in China from 2004 to 2020. Setting Data were obtained from the database of the National Infectious Disease Surveillance System (NIDSS) and reports released by the National and local Health Commissions from 2004 to 2020. Spearman correlations and Joinpoint regression models were used to quantify the temporal trends of RIDs by calculating annual percentage changes (APCs) in the rates of mortality. Results The overall mortality rate of RIDs was stable across China from 2004 to 2020 (R = -0.38, P = 0.13), with an APC per year of -2.2% (95% CI: -4.6 to 0.3; P = 0.1000). However, the overall mortality rate of 10 RIDs in 2020 decreased by 31.80% (P = 0.006) compared to the previous 5 years before the COVID-19 pandemic. The highest mortality occurred in northwestern, western, and northern China. Tuberculosis was the leading cause of RID mortality, and mortality from tuberculosis was relatively stable throughout the 17 years (R = -0.36, P = 0.16), with an APC of -1.9% (95% CI -4.1 to 0.4, P = 0.1000). Seasonal influenza was the only disease for which mortality significantly increased (R = 0.73, P = 0.00089), with an APC of 29.70% (95% CI 16.60-44.40%; P = 0.0000). The highest yearly case fatality ratios (CFR) belong to avian influenza A H5N1 [687.5 per 1,000 (33/48)] and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis [90.5748 per 1,000 (1,010/11,151)]. The age-specific CFR of 10 RIDs was highest among people over 85 years old [13.6551 per 1,000 (2,353/172,316)] and was lowest among children younger than 10 years, particularly in 5-year-old children [0.0552 per 1,000 (58/1,051,178)]. Conclusions The mortality rates of 10 RIDs were relatively stable from 2004 to 2020 with significant differences among Chinese provinces and age groups. There was an increased mortality trend for seasonal influenza and concerted efforts are needed to reduce the mortality rate of seasonal influenza in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Supen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yixin Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Tzu-Jung Tseng
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shelan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhiruo Zhang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Varela DV, Martins MDRO, Furtado A, Mendonça MDLL, Fernandes NM, Santos I, Lopes ED. Spatio-temporal evolution of mortality in Cape Verde: 1995-2018. PLOS Glob Public Health 2023; 3:e0000753. [PMID: 36962943 PMCID: PMC10021970 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Located in West Africa, Cabo Verde is a low income country, with significant gains in health indicators. Mortality is an important demographic factor. Its analysis provides essential statistical data for the design, implementation and evaluation of public health programs. The propose of this work is to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of mortality in Cabo Verde between 1995 to 2018. This is an observational, quantitative study that performs demographic analysis of mortality data from the Ministry of Health of Cabo Verde. Specific mortality rates from standardized causes were calculated considering the population of the country as a reference in the year 2010 and also the standardized rate for all causes on each island, aiming at comparing the islands. During the period under analysis, the number of deaths in men was always higher than that of women. The main causes of death were diseases of the circulatory system and with a higher incidence in women. São Nicolau, Brava, and Santo Antão islands have mortality rates, higher than the national level (2010-2018). The main cause of premature death in women as identified as diseases of the circulatory system, while in men it is injuries, trauma, poisoning and external causes. There was a 72% decrease in the mortality rate due to unclassified symptoms and clinical signs, and an increase in respiratory diseases and tumours. With the exception of diseases of the circulatory system, mortality rates in men are higher than in women for all the considered causes. A decrease in specific mortality rates by age group is expected for both sexes, with a greater gain in men in the younger age groups. With these data, it is intended to alert health decision-makers about the best strategies to be defined in the reduction of mortality in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingos Veiga Varela
- Department of Health Surveillance, National Institute of Public Health, Praia, Santiago, Cape Verde
| | | | - António Furtado
- Pedro Gomes High School, Ministry of Education, Praia, Santiago, Cape Verde
| | | | - Ngibo Mubeta Fernandes
- Department of Health Surveillance, National Institute of Public Health, Praia, Santiago, Cape Verde
| | - Ivone Santos
- Integrated Surveillance and Response Service, National Directorate of Health, Praia, Santiago, Cape
| | - Edna Duarte Lopes
- National Institute of Public Health, Health Research, Praia, Santiago, Cape Verde
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25
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Du M, Wang R, Yuan J, Lv X, Yan W, Liu Q, Qin C, Xiang N, Zhu L, Liang W, Liu M, Liu J. Trends and disparities in 44 national notifiable infectious diseases in China: An analysis of national surveillance data from 2010 to 2019. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28353. [PMID: 36443103 PMCID: PMC10107249 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Research assessing the changing epidemiology of infectious diseases in China after the implementation of new healthcare reform in 2009 was scarce. We aimed to get the latest trends and disparities of national notifiable infectious diseases by age, sex, province, and season in China from 2010 to 2019. The number of incident cases and deaths, incidence rate, and mortality of 44 national notifiable infectious diseases by sex, age groups, and provincial regions from 2010 to 2019 were extracted from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and official reports and divided into six kinds of infectious diseases by transmission routes and three classes (A-C) in this descriptive study. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to quantify the temporal trends of incidence and mortality rate. We calculated the concentration index to measure economic-related inequality. Segmented interrupted time-series analysis was used to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemic of notifiable infectious diseases. The trend of incidence rate on six kinds of infectious diseases by transmission routes was stable, while only mortality of sexual, blood-borne, and mother-to-child-borne infectious diseases increased from 0.6466 per 100 000 population in 2010 to 1.5499 per 100 000 population in 2019 by 8.76% per year (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.88-10.68). There was a decreasing trend of incidence rate on Class-A infectious diseases (EAPC = -16.30%; 95% CI: -27.93 to -2.79) and Class-B infectious diseases (EAPC = -1.05%; 95% CI: -1.56 to -0.54), while an increasing trend on Class-C infectious diseases (EAPC = 6.22%; 95% CI: 2.13-10.48). For mortality, there was a decreasing trend on Class-C infectious diseases (EAPC = -14.76%; 95% CI: -23.46 to -5.07), and an increasing trend on Class-B infectious diseases (EAPC = 4.56%; 95% CI: 2.44-6.72). In 2019, the infectious diseases with the highest incidence rate and mortality were respiratory diseases (340.95 per 100 000 population), and sexual, blood-borne, and mother-to-child-borne infectious diseases (1.5459 per 100 000 population), respectively. The greatest increasing trend of incidence rate was observed in seasonal influenza, from 4.83 per 100 000 population in 2010 to 253.36 per 100 000 population in 2019 by 45.16% per year (95% CI: 29.81-62.33), especially among females and children aged 0-4 years old. The top disease with the highest mortality was still AIDs, which had the highest average yearly mortality in 24 provinces from 2010 to 2019, and its incidence rate (EAPC = 14.99%; 95% CI: 8.75-21.59) and mortality (EAPC = 9.65; 95%CI: 7.71-11.63) both increased from 2010 to 2019, especially among people aged 44-59 years old and 60 or older. Male incidence rate and mortality were higher than females each year from 2010 to 2018 on 29 and 10 infectious diseases, respectively. Additionally, sex differences in the incidence and mortality of AIDS were becoming larger. The curve lay above the equality line, with the negative value of the concentration index, which indicated that economic-related health disparities exist in the distribution of incidence rate and mortality of respiratory diseases (incidence rate: the concentration index = -0.063, p < 0.0001; mortality: the concentration index = -0.131, p < 0.001), sexual, blood-borne, and mother-to-child-borne infectious diseases (incidence rate: the concentration index = -0.039, p = 0.0192; mortality: the concentration index = -0.207, p < 0.0001), and the inequality disadvantageous to the poor (pro-rich). Respiratory diseases (Dec-Jan), intestinal diseases (May-Jul), zoonotic infectious diseases (Mar-Jul), and vector-borne infectious diseases (Sep-Oct) had distinct seasonal epidemic patterns. In addition, segmented interrupted time-series analyses showed that, after adjusting for potential seasonality, autocorrelation, GDP per capita, number of primary medical institutions, and other factors, there was no significant impact of COVID-19 epidemic on the monthly incidence rate of six kinds of infectious diseases by transmission routes from 2018 to 2020 (all p > 0.05). The incidence rates of six kinds of infectious diseases were stable in the past decade, and incidence rates of Class-A and Class-B infectious diseases were decreasing because of comprehensive prevention and control measures and a strengthened health system after the implementation of the new healthcare reform in China since 2009. However, age, gender, regional, and economic disparities were still observed. Concerted efforts are needed to reduce the impact of seasonal influenza (especially among children aged 0-4 years old) and the mortality of AIDs (especially among people aged 44-59 years old and 60 or older). More attention should be paid to the disparities in the burden of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruitong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyuan Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Nijuan Xiang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Health Policy, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Wannian Liang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Jiang H, Liu F, Chan TC, Yin J, Huang R, Shen L, Tu S, Kang L, Liu W, Zhao N, Zhang D, Xu W, Li W, Liu S, Huang C. Comparison of clinical characteristics between COVID-19 and H7N9 fatal cases: An observational study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1047362. [PMID: 36504959 PMCID: PMC9729836 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1047362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 is reminiscent of the H7N9 outbreak in 2013, which poses a huge threat to human health. We aim to compare clinical features and survival factors in fatal cases of COVID-19 and H7N9. Methods Data on confirmed COVID-19 and H7N9 fatal cases identified in mainland China were analyzed to compare demographic characteristics and clinical severity. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using log-rank tests and a restricted mean survival time model. A Cox regression model was used to identify survival factors in fatal cases of COVID-19 and H7N9. Results Similar demographic characteristics were observed in fatal cases of COVID-19 and H7N9. The proportion of fatal cases of H7N9 receiving antibiotics, antiviral drugs, and oxygen treatment was higher than that of COVID-19. The potential protective factors for fatal COVID-19 cases were receiving antibiotics (HR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.22-0.61), oxygen treatment (HR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.44-0.99), and corticosteroids (HR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.35-0.62). In contrast, antiviral drugs (HR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.08-0.56) and corticosteroids (HR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.29-0.69) were the protective factors for H7N9 fatal cases. Conclusion The proportion of males, those having one or more underlying medical condition, and older age was high in COVID-19 and H7N9 fatal cases. Offering antibiotics, oxygen treatment, and corticosteroids to COVID-19 cases extended the survival time. Continued global surveillance remains an essential component of pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jinfeng Yin
- Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ruowen Huang
- Beijing Normal University School of Mathematical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Shen
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengjin Tu
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Kang
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Zhao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wangli Xu
- Center for Applied Statistics, School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shelan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Shelan Liu
| | - Chaolin Huang
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Chaolin Huang
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27
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Xu Q, Li ZW, Zhang XA, Liu MY, Wang JL, Zhang HY, Wang LP, Guo XH, Fang LQ, Liu W. The imported infections among foreign travelers in China: an observational study. Global Health 2022; 18:97. [PMID: 36434611 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-022-00893-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past few decades, globalization has rendered more frequent and intensive population movement between countries, which has changed the original disease spectrum and brought a huge health impact on the global population including China. This study aims to describe the spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of imported infections among foreign travelers travelling to China. METHODS The data on imported infections among foreign travelers were obtained from Custom Inbound Screening System (CISS) and the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System (NNIDRS). All the infections were classified into respiratory, gastrointestinal, vector-borne, blood/sex-transmitted and mucocutaneous diseases, of which case numbers and incidences were calculated and the proportions were compared among subgroups. RESULTS In total, 17,189 travelers diagnosed with 58 imported infectious diseases were reported from 2014 to 2018, with an overall incidence of 122.59 per million. Respiratory infection (7,351 cases, mainly influenza) and blood/sex-transmitted diseases (6,114 cases mainly Hepatitis B and HIV infection) were the most frequently diagnosed diseases, followed by vector-borne infections (3,128 cases, mainly dengue fever and malaria). The highest case number was from Asia and Europe, while the highest incidence rate was from Africa (296.00 per million). When specific diagnosis was compared, both the highest absolute case number and incidence were observed for influenza. An obvious seasonal pattern was observed for vector-borne diseases, with the annual epidemic spanning from July to November. The origin-destination matrices disclosed the movement of imported infection followed specific routes. CONCLUSIONS Our study provided a profile of infectious diseases among foreign travelers travelling to China and pinpointed the target regions, seasons and populations for prevention and control, to attain an informed control of imported infections in China.
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28
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Zhang P, Wang Z, Huang Y, Wang M. Dual-grained directional representation for infectious disease case prediction. Knowl Based Syst 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2022.109806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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29
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Ge Y, Wang K, Liu J, Xu L. Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics between 2004 and 2017 and prediction of the changing pattern of other infectious diarrhea (OID) under COVID-19 in China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31090. [PMID: 36281122 PMCID: PMC9592137 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The study describes epidemiological features and transmission of other infectious diarrhea (OID) before and during the epidemic of COVID-19 in China, which lays a foundation for OID prevention and control. Incidence rate and mortality data of OID containing detailed epidemiological information such as date, age and region from 2004 to 2017, and total OID case number from 2018 to 2020 were obtained from the Data Center of China's Public Health Science and the National Bureau of Statistics' statistical yearbook. The Joinpoint regression model and Z test was used to analyze, while R language and ArcGIS 10.5 for drawing. The autoregressive integrated moving average model was used to predict the influence of COVID-19 on OID. The OID incidence rate increased from 31.69/10 million in 2004 to 92.42/10 million in 2017, and the mortality rate decreased from 1.82/10,000 to 0.14/10,000. The male to female incidence ratio was 1.39:1 (P < .001). The patients' age showed a decreased trend with age (P < .001). The scattered children devoted the most OID incidence rate. The bimodal distribution of OID incidence was summer peak in northern China, 2 apparent peaks in central and eastern, and winter peak in southern. The autoregressive integrated moving average model predicted 1,406,557 in 2020, comparing the actual OID cases in 2020 to 1,062,277. Affected by the epidemic control measures of COVID-19, the number of OID cases declined by 32.4% (Absolute percentage error = 32.4%). The OID incidence rate in China continuously increased and showed a bimodal distribution in summer and winter with inconspicuous regional characteristics, gender and age susceptibility differences, and occupational differences. Meanwhile, COVID-19 significantly reduced OID incidence in 2020. The discoveries might bring a beneficial effect on OID prevention and control policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Ge
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Research, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lingzhong Xu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- * Correspondence: Lingzhong Xu, Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44#, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China (e-mail: )
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30
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Wang M, Chen T, Peng J, Luo Y, Du L, Lu Z, He J, Liu C, Gan Q, Ma W, Cun Z, Zheng Q, Chen W, Chen Y, Han M, Liu G, Li J. The spatial-temporal distribution and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease before and after EV‑A71 vaccination in Kunming, China, 2017-2020. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17028. [PMID: 36220850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21312-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
After vaccination with enterovirus 71 (EV-A71), the prevalence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) remained high, and the spatial-temporal distribution of enteroviruses changed. Therefore, it is essential to define the temporal features, spatial distributions, and epidemiological and etiological characteristics of HFMD in Kunming. Between 2017 and 2020, a total of 36,540 children were diagnosed with HFMD in Kunming, including 32,754 children with enterovirus-positive clinical samples. Demographic, geographical, epidemiological and etiological data of the cases were acquired and analyzed. Other enteroviruses replaced EV-A71, and the incidence of EV-A71 decreased dramatically, whereas coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) had substantial outbreaks in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The major and minor peaks all extended for 2-4 months compared to before vaccination with the EV-A71 vaccine. From 2019 to 2020, CV-A6, as the predominant serotype, showed only a single peak. Although a high incidence of HFMD was observed in Guandu, Chenggong and Xishan, the annual incidence of different enterovirus serotypes was different in different regions. In 2017, other enteroviruses were most prevalent in Shilin. In 2018, CV-A16 and CV-A6 were most prevalent in Luquan and Shilin, respectively. In 2019, CV-A16 was most prevalent in Jinning. In 2020, CV-A6 and coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) were most prevalent in Luquan and Shilin, respectively. Meanwhile, the epidemic cycle of CV-A6 and CV-A16 was only 1 year, and CV-A10 and other enteroviruses were potential risk pathogens. The spatial and temporal distribution of HFMD varies at different scales, and the incidence of HFMD associated with different pathogens has obvious regional differences and seasonal trends. Therefore, research on multivalent combined vaccines is urgently needed, and proper preventive and protective measures could effectively control the incidence of HFMD-like diseases.
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31
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Zhang Q, Chen S, Chai B, Li F, Wang P, Li Q, Wang X, Zhou Y, Lu Y. Extragenital Chancre in Men Who Have Sex with Men: Six Cases from China. Arch Sex Behav 2022; 51:3211-3217. [PMID: 36175818 PMCID: PMC9521890 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University & Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, 89 Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Chen
- Medical College of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Chai
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University & Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, 89 Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University & Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, 89 Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University & Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, 89 Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University & Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, 89 Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University & Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, 89 Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingmei Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University & Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, 89 Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University & Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, 89 Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Y, Xiao S, Yin X, Gao P, Wu J, Xiong S, Hockham C, Hone T, Wu JHY, Pearson SA, Neal B, Tian M. Nation-Wide Routinely Collected Health Datasets in China: A Scoping Review. Public Health Rev 2022; 43:1605025. [PMID: 36211230 PMCID: PMC9532513 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1605025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The potential for using routinely collected data for medical research in China remains unclear. We sought to conduct a scoping review to systematically characterise nation-wide routinely collected datasets in China that may be of value for clinical research. Methods: We searched public databases and the websites of government agencies, and non-government organizations. We included nation-wide routinely collected databases related to communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, injuries, and maternal and child health. Database characteristics, including disease area, data custodianship, data volume, frequency of update and accessibility were extracted and summarised. Results: There were 70 databases identified, of which 46 related to communicable diseases, 20 to non-communicable diseases, 1 to injury and 3 to maternal and child health. The data volume varied from below 1000 to over 100,000 records. Over half (64%) of the databases were accessible for medical research mostly comprising communicable diseases. Conclusion: There are large quantities of routinely collected data in China. Challenges to using such data in medical research remain with various accessibility. The potential of routinely collected data may also be applicable to other low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Liu
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Shaoming Xiao
- The George Institute for Global Health, Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejun Yin
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Pei Gao
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- National Center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shangzhi Xiong
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Carinna Hockham
- The George Institute for Global Health, UK, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Hone
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jason H. Y. Wu
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sallie Anne Pearson
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce Neal
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maoyi Tian
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Maoyi Tian,
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Zheng J, Zhang N, Shen G, Liang F, Zhao Y, He X, Wang Y, He R, Chen W, Xue H, Shen Y, Fu Y, Zhang WH, Zhang L, Bhatt S, Mao Y, Zhu B. Spatiotemporal and Seasonal Trends of Class A and B Notifiable Infectious Diseases in China: A Retrospective Analysis (Preprint). JMIR Public Health Surveill 2022; 9:e42820. [PMID: 37103994 PMCID: PMC10176137 DOI: 10.2196/42820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China is the most populous country globally and has made significant achievements in the control of infectious diseases over the last decades. The 2003 SARS epidemic triggered the initiation of the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP). Since then, numerous studies have investigated the epidemiological features and trends of individual infectious diseases in China; however, few considered the changing spatiotemporal trends and seasonality of these infectious diseases over time. OBJECTIVE This study aims to systematically review the spatiotemporal trends and seasonal characteristics of class A and class B notifiable infectious diseases in China during 2005-2020. METHODS We extracted the incidence and mortality data of 8 types (27 diseases) of notifiable infectious diseases from the CISDCP. We used the Mann-Kendall and Sen's methods to investigate the diseases' temporal trends, Moran I statistic for their geographical distribution, and circular distribution analysis for their seasonality. RESULTS Between January 2005 and December 2020, 51,028,733 incident cases and 261,851 attributable deaths were recorded. Pertussis (P=.03), dengue fever (P=.01), brucellosis (P=.001), scarlet fever (P=.02), AIDS (P<.001), syphilis (P<.001), hepatitis C (P<.001) and hepatitis E (P=.04) exhibited significant upward trends. Furthermore, measles (P<.001), bacillary and amebic dysentery (P<.001), malaria (P=.04), dengue fever (P=.006), brucellosis (P=.03), and tuberculosis (P=.003) exhibited significant seasonal patterns. We observed marked disease burden-related geographic disparities and heterogeneities. Notably, high-risk areas for various infectious diseases have remained relatively unchanged since 2005. In particular, hemorrhagic fever and brucellosis were largely concentrated in Northeast China; neonatal tetanus, typhoid and paratyphoid, Japanese encephalitis, leptospirosis, and AIDS in Southwest China; BAD in North China; schistosomiasis in Central China; anthrax, tuberculosis, and hepatitis A in Northwest China; rabies in South China; and gonorrhea in East China. However, the geographical distribution of syphilis, scarlet fever, and hepatitis E drifted from coastal to inland provinces during 2005-2020. CONCLUSIONS The overall infectious disease burden in China is declining; however, hepatitis C and E, bacterial infections, and sexually transmitted infections continue to multiply, many of which have spread from coastal to inland provinces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyao Zheng
- China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guoquan Shen
- School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchao Liang
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- The George Institute for Global Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Centre on Implementation Research for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xiaochen He
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongxin He
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenna Chen
- Center for Chinese Public Administration Research and School of Government, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xue
- Stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Yue Shen
- Laboratory for Urban Future, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of public administration, School of Government, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhang
- International Centre for Reproductive Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lei Zhang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Artificial Intelligence and Modelling in Epidemiology Program, Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Samir Bhatt
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and the Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ying Mao
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Wu H, Xue M, Wu C, Lu Q, Ding Z, Wang X, Fu T, Yang K, Lin J. Trend of hand, foot, and mouth disease from 2010 to 2021 and estimation of the reduction in enterovirus 71 infection after vaccine use in Zhejiang Province, China. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274421. [PMID: 36126038 PMCID: PMC9488823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Zhejiang, ranked in the top three in HFMD (hand, foot, and mouth disease) incidence, is located in the Yangtze River Delta region of southeast China. Since 2016, the EV71 vaccine has been promoted in Zhejiang Province. This study aimed to investigate the trend and seasonal variation characteristics of HFMD from 2010 to 2021 and estimate the reduction in enterovirus 71 infection after vaccine use.
Methods
The data on HFMD cases in Zhejiang Province from January 2010 to December 2021 were obtained from this network system. Individual information on cases and deaths was imported, and surveillance information, including demographic characteristics and temporal distributions, was computed by the system. The Joinpoint regression model was used to describe continuous changes in the incidence trend. The BSTS (Bayesian structural time-series models) model was used to estimate the monthly number of cases from 2017 to 2021 based on the observed monthly incidence during 2010–2016 by accounting for seasonality and long-term trends. The seasonal variation characteristics of HFMD pathogens were detected by wavelet analysis.
Results
From 2010 to 2021, the annual incidence rate fluctuated between 98.81 cases per 100,000 in 2020 and 435.63 cases per 100,000 in 2018, and 1711 severe HFMD cases and 106 fatal cases were reported in Zhejiang Province, China. The annual percent change (APC) in EV71 cases was -30.72% (95% CI: -45.10 to -12.50) from 2016 to 2021. The wavelet transform of total incidence and number of cases of the three pathogens all showed significant periodicity on the 1-year scale. The average 2-year scale periodicity was significant for the total incidence, EV71 cases and Cox A16 cases, but the other enterovirus cases showed significant periodicity on the 30-month scale. The 6-month scale periodicity was significant for the total incidence, EV71 case and Cox A16 case but not for the other enteroviruses case. The relative error percentage of the performance of the BSTS model was 0.3%. The estimated number of cases from 2017 to 2021 after the EV-A71 vaccines were used was 9422, and the reduction in the number of cases infected with the EV71 virus was 73.43% compared to 70.80% when the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 was excluded.
Conclusions
Since 2010, the incidence of EV71 infections has shown an obvious downward trend. All types of viruses showed significant periodicity on the 1-year scale. The periodicity of the biennial peak is mainly related to EV71 and Cox A16 before 2017 and other enteroviruses since 2018. The half-year peak cycle of HFMD was mainly caused by EV71 and Cox A6 infection. The expected incidence will be 2.76 times(include the cases of 2020) and 2.43 times(exclude the cases of 2020) higher than the actual value assuming that the measures of vaccination are not taken. EV71 vaccines are very effective and should be administered in the age window between 5 months and 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Wu
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Hangzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Province, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qinbao Lu
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zheyuan Ding
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tianyin Fu
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junfen Lin
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Yang M, Chen C, Zhang X, Du Y, Jiang D, Yan D, Liu X, Ding C, Lan L, Lei H, Yang S. Meteorological Factors Affecting Infectious Diarrhea in Different Climate Zones of China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191811511. [PMID: 36141780 PMCID: PMC9517640 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Meteorological factors and the increase in extreme weather events are closely related to the incidence rate of infectious diarrhea. However, few studies have explored whether the impact of the same meteorological factors on the incidence rate of infectious diarrhea in different climate regions has changed and quantified these changes. In this study, the time series fixed-effect Poisson regression model guided by climate was used to quantify the relationships between the incidence rate of various types of infectious diarrhea and meteorological factors in different climate regions of China from 2004 to 2018, with a lag of 0-2 months. In addition, six social factors, including per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), population density, number of doctors per 1000 people, proportion of urbanized population, proportion of children aged 0-14 years old, and proportion of elderly over 65 years old, were included in the model for confounding control. Additionally, the intercept of each province in each model was analyzed by a meta-analysis. Four climate regions were considered in this study: tropical monsoon areas, subtropical monsoon areas, temperate areas and alpine plateau areas. The results indicate that the influence of meteorological factors and extreme weather in different climate regions on diverse infectious diarrhea types is distinct. In general, temperature was positively correlated with all infectious diarrhea cases (0.2 ≤ r ≤ 0.6, p < 0.05). After extreme rainfall, the incidence rate of dysentery in alpine plateau area in one month would be reduced by 18.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): -27.8--9.6%). Two months after the period of extreme sunshine duration happened, the incidence of dysentery in the alpine plateau area would increase by 21.9% (95% CI: 15.4-28.4%) in that month, and the incidence rate of typhoid and paratyphoid in the temperate region would increase by 17.2% (95% CI: 15.5-18.9%) in that month. The meta-analysis showed that there is no consistency between different provinces in the same climate region. Our study indicated that meteorological factors and extreme weather in different climate areas had different effects on various types of infectious diarrhea, particularly extreme rainfall and extreme sunshine duration, which will help the government develop disease-specific and location-specific interventions, especially after the occurrence of extreme weather.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Yang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Can Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaobao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yuxia Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Daixi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Danying Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Cheng Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Lei Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hao Lei
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-136-0570-5640 (S.Y.)
| | - Shigui Yang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-136-0570-5640 (S.Y.)
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de Andrade BAB, de Arruda JAA, Gilligan G, Piemonte E, Panico R, Molina Ávila I, Pimentel Sola JM, Carmona Lorduy MC, Pupo Marrugo S, Sánchez Tatis AS, Werner LC, Abrahão AC, Agostini M, Buoro L, Israel MS, Freire NDA, Lima LA, Abrantes TDC, Cunha JLS, Pérez-de-Oliveira ME, Roza ALOC, Vargas PA, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR, de Almeida OP, Pontes FSC, Pontes HAR, Rondanelli BM, Villarroel-Dorrego M, Bologna-Molina R, Derderian N, Sánchez-Romero C, Abreu LG, Fonseca FP, Mesquita RA, Gomez RS, Martínez-Flores R, Delgado-Azañero W, Alves ATNN, Lourenço SDQC, Coimbra C, Polignano GAC, Assunção Júnior JNR, Souto GR, Souza PEA, Horta MCR, González-Arriagada WA, Romañach MJ. Acquired oral syphilis: A multicenter study of 339 patients from South America. Oral Dis 2022; 28:1561-1572. [PMID: 34263964 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the clinicopathologic features of acquired oral syphilis cases in South American countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical data were retrospectively collected from the records of 18 oral diagnostic services in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, Uruguay, and Peru. Serologies of nontreponemal and treponemal tests were used for diagnosis. RESULTS The series comprised 339 cases of acquired oral syphilis. Secondary syphilis ranked as the most common stage (86.7%). Lesions were more frequent among males (58.0%) and young adults with a mean age of 33.3 years. Individuals aged 20-29 years were most affected (35.3%). The most commonly involved sites were the tongue (31.6%), lip/labial commissure (25.1%), and hard/soft palate (20.4%). Clinically, acquired oral syphilis usually presented as mucous patches (28.4%), papules (25.7%), and ulcers (18.1%). Skin manifestations occurred in 67.7% of individuals, while lymphadenopathy and fever were observed in 61.3% and 11.6% of all subjects, respectively. Most patients were treated with the benzathine penicillin G antibiotic. CONCLUSION This report validates the spread of acquired oral syphilis infection among young adults in South America. Our directives include accessible diagnostic tools for proper disease screening, surveillance, and counselling of affected individuals, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Alcides Almeida de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gerardo Gilligan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Piemonte
- Department of Oral Medicine, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - René Panico
- Department of Oral Medicine, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aline Corrêa Abrahão
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michelle Agostini
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luisa Buoro
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mônica Simões Israel
- Department of Diagnosis and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Oral Medicine, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Ambrósio Lima
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thamiris de Castro Abrantes
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - John Lennon Silva Cunha
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Oslei Paes de Almeida
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ronell Bologna-Molina
- Molecular Pathology Area, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevidéu, Uruguay
| | - Nathalie Derderian
- Molecular Pathology Area, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevidéu, Uruguay
| | - Celeste Sánchez-Romero
- Molecular Pathology Area, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevidéu, Uruguay
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Child's and Adolescent's Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alves Mesquita
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Santiago Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - René Martínez-Flores
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Wilson Delgado-Azañero
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giovanna Ribeiro Souto
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Alencar Souza
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mário José Romañach
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ramírez-Amador V, Castillejos-García I, Maldonado-Mendoza J, Saeb-Lima M, Aguilar-León D, Anaya-Saavedra G. Exposing the Great Imitator: Proposal for a Holistic Diagnosis of Oral Secondary Syphilis in People Living with HIV. Head Neck Pathol 2022; 16:773-784. [PMID: 35334094 PMCID: PMC9424447 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01446-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral secondary syphilis may mimic various infectious, neoplastic, or immune-mediated processes; hence, its diagnosis may represent a challenge. Early diagnosis of syphilis, a disease that has increased in recent decades, is essential for adequate management, particularly in people living with HIV (PLWH). This study aimed to comprehensively characterize oral secondary syphilis in a group of 47 PLWH. A group of PLWH with oral secondary syphilis attending four HIV-referral centers in Mexico City was included (2004-2021). Clinical and laboratory data were retrieved, and an exhaustive oral examination was performed following the established criteria. Demographic, clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and serological features of the patients were analyzed. Approximately 11% of PLWH with oral secondary syphilis demonstrated negative Venereal Disease Research Laboratory tests. A noticeable feature was the absence of symptoms in 95.7% of cases, despite the clinically evident appearance of the lesions. In contrast to previous results, 18% of ulcerations were detected to be deep, crateriform, and infiltrative, and 22% of the mucous patches were highly keratotic lesions. Most samples (77.3%) showed superficial lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates in the superficial lamina propria, with perivascular and perineural patterns, and immunohistochemistry was positive in 66.7% of the cases. The "great imitator" appears not only clinically but also histopathologically and immunohistochemically, where features may be comparable with those of chronic inflammatory processes, deep infections, or malignant processes. Although not recommended as a routine assay, IHC could be a critical tool, particularly in PLWH with atypical clinical features or with negative and/or dubious serology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velia Ramírez-Amador
- Oral Pathology and Medicine Master, Health Care Department, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Calzada del Hueso 1100, col. Villa Quietud, 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itzel Castillejos-García
- Oral Pathology and Medicine Master, Health Care Department, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Calzada del Hueso 1100, col. Villa Quietud, 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jessica Maldonado-Mendoza
- Oral Pathology and Medicine Master, Health Care Department, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Calzada del Hueso 1100, col. Villa Quietud, 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Saeb-Lima
- Pathology Department, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Aguilar-León
- Pathology Department, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Anaya-Saavedra
- Oral Pathology and Medicine Master, Health Care Department, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Calzada del Hueso 1100, col. Villa Quietud, 04960, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Yu Z, Quddoos MU, Akhtar MH, Sajid Amin M, Razzak L, Tariq M, Khan SAR. Re-examining the nexuses of communicable diseases, environmental performance, and dynamics of sustainable Development in OECD countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:65771-65786. [PMID: 35488993 PMCID: PMC9055374 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20394-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the determinants of communicable diseases (CDs) and nexus of financial development, economic development, and renewable energy consumption to address the issues of ecological footprint level, the impacts of communicable diseases (CDs), and economic growth of the OECD countries throughout 2000-2019. The results from FMOLS and DOLS reveal that the levels of financial development, energy consumption, and trade volume significantly contribute to overcoming the death toll occurring due to CDs. As regards the growth function, the level of trade in the economy is significantly associated with economic growth. The findings reveal that the improvements and developments in the financial sectors and trading activities cause a reduction in the infection cases represented by COVID-19. In contrast, economic growth does have a negative but insignificant impact upon COVID-19. We conclude that sound financial development combined with economic and environmental regulations could be strategically helpful to cope with CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yu
- School of Economics and Management, Chang’an University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Business Administration, ILMA University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammad Sajid Amin
- Department of Commerce, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Laeeq Razzak
- School of Economics, Poznan University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Department of Statistics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Cheng Q, Collender PA, Heaney AK, McLoughlin A, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Head JR, Dasan R, Liang S, Lv Q, Liu Y, Yang C, Chang HH, Waller LA, Zelner J, Lewnard JA, Remais JV. Optimizing laboratory-based surveillance networks for monitoring multi-genotype or multi-serotype infections. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010575. [PMID: 36166479 PMCID: PMC9543988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aid of laboratory typing techniques, infectious disease surveillance networks have the opportunity to obtain powerful information on the emergence, circulation, and evolution of multiple genotypes, serotypes or other subtypes of pathogens, informing understanding of transmission dynamics and strategies for prevention and control. The volume of typing performed on clinical isolates is typically limited by its ability to inform clinical care, cost and logistical constraints, especially in comparison with the capacity to monitor clinical reports of disease occurrence, which remains the most widespread form of public health surveillance. Viewing clinical disease reports as arising from a latent mixture of pathogen subtypes, laboratory typing of a subset of clinical cases can provide inference on the proportion of clinical cases attributable to each subtype (i.e., the mixture components). Optimizing protocols for the selection of isolates for typing by weighting specific subpopulations, locations, time periods, or case characteristics (e.g., disease severity), may improve inference of the frequency and distribution of pathogen subtypes within and between populations. Here, we apply the Disease Surveillance Informatics Optimization and Simulation (DIOS) framework to simulate and optimize hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) surveillance in a high-burden region of western China. We identify laboratory surveillance designs that significantly outperform the existing network: the optimal network reduced mean absolute error in estimated serotype-specific incidence rates by 14.1%; similarly, the optimal network for monitoring severe cases reduced mean absolute error in serotype-specific incidence rates by 13.3%. In both cases, the optimal network designs achieved improved inference without increasing subtyping effort. We demonstrate how the DIOS framework can be used to optimize surveillance networks by augmenting clinical diagnostic data with limited laboratory typing resources, while adapting to specific, local surveillance objectives and constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qu Cheng
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Philip A. Collender
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Alexandra K. Heaney
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Aidan McLoughlin
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Public Health and Health Professions and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Yuzi Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jennifer R. Head
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Rohini Dasan
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Song Liang
- Department of Environmental and Global Health College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Qiang Lv
- Institute of Health Informatics, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- Institute of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changhong Yang
- Division of Business Management and Quality Control, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Howard H. Chang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lance A. Waller
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jon Zelner
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Joseph A. Lewnard
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Justin V. Remais
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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Zhu X, Zhu Z, Gu L, Zhan Y, Gu H, Yao Q, Li X. Spatio-temporal variation on syphilis from 2005 to 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:873754. [PMID: 36117594 PMCID: PMC9480496 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.873754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Syphilis has spread throughout China, especially in Zhejiang Province which endangers the health and lives of people. However, the spatial and temporal epidemiological studies of syphilis in Zhejiang are not thorough enough. The temporal and spatial variation and the relevant factors of syphilis incidence should be analyzed for more effective prevention and control in Zhejiang, China. Methods Data on confirmed cases of syphilis in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2018 was used and the spatio-temporal distributions were described. The spatial autocorrelation analysis and SaTScan analysis were performed to identify spatio-temporal clusters. A Bayesian spatial Conditional Autoregression (CAR) model was constructed to explore the relationships between syphilis incidence and common social and natural indicators. Results 474,980 confirmed cases of syphilis were reported between 2005 and 2018 with a large peak in 2010. Farmers and unemployed people accounted for the largest proportion of confirmed cases. And the significant spatial clusters of syphilis were concentrated in the north of Zhejiang Province, especially in more economically developed regions. Seven spatio-temporal clusters were identified and the main three high-risk areas were located in Hangzhou (RR = 1.62, P < 0.05), Zhoushan and Ningbo (RR = 1.99, P < 0.05), and Lishui (RR = 1.68, P < 0.05). The findings showed that the morbidity of syphilis was positively correlated with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, the number of health technicians per 10,000 people, the proportion of the elderly and air temperature were negatively correlated with the proportion of the urban population, the proportion of men and precipitation. Conclusions The spatio-temporal analysis revealed that the prevalence of syphilis was still serious in Zhejiang Province. Syphilis high-risk areas were mainly located in the more developed coastal regions where more targeted intervention measures were required to be implemented. The study highlighted the need to strengthen Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) screening and health education for high-risk groups and improve the coverage of syphilis testing to reduce hidden syphilis cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhixin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanfang Gu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yancen Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Gu
- Center for Medical Science and Technology Education Development, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Yao
- Department of Disease Prevention Control and Occupational Health, Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiuyang Li
| | - Xiuyang Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Qiang Yao
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Zhu Z, Zhu X, Zhan Y, Gu L, Chen L, Li X. Development and comparison of predictive models for sexually transmitted diseases-AIDS, gonorrhea, and syphilis in China, 2011-2021. Front Public Health 2022; 10:966813. [PMID: 36091532 PMCID: PMC9450018 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.966813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate incidence prediction of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is critical for early prevention and better government strategic planning. In this paper, four different forecasting models were presented to predict the incidence of AIDS, gonorrhea, and syphilis. Methods The annual percentage changes in the incidence of AIDS, gonorrhea, and syphilis were estimated by using joinpoint regression. The performance of four methods, namely, the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, Elman neural network (ERNN) model, ARIMA-ERNN hybrid model and long short-term memory (LSTM) model, were assessed and compared. For 1-year prediction, the collected data from 2011 to 2020 were used for modeling to predict the incidence in 2021. For 5-year prediction, the collected data from 2011 to 2016 were used for modeling to predict the incidence from 2017 to 2021. The performance was evaluated based on four indices: mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Results The morbidities of AIDS and syphilis are on the rise, and the morbidity of gonorrhea has declined in recent years. The optimal ARIMA models were determined: ARIMA(2,1,2)(0,1,1)12, ARIMA(1,1,2)(0,1,2)12, and ARIMA(3,1,2)(1,1,2)12 for AIDS, gonorrhea, and syphilis 1-year prediction, respectively; ARIMA (2,1,2)(0,1,1)12, ARIMA(1,1,2)(0,1,2)12, and ARIMA(2,1,1)(0,1,0)12 for AIDS, gonorrhea and syphilis 5-year prediction, respectively. For 1-year prediction, the MAPEs of ARIMA, ERNN, ARIMA-ERNN, and LSTM for AIDS are 23.26, 20.24, 18.34, and 18.63, respectively; For gonorrhea, the MAPEs are 19.44, 18.03, 17.77, and 5.09, respectively; For syphilis, the MAPEs are 9.80, 9.55, 8.67, and 5.79, respectively. For 5-year prediction, the MAPEs of ARIMA, ERNN, ARIMA-ERNN, and LSTM for AIDS are 12.86, 23.54, 14.74, and 25.43, respectively; For gonorrhea, the MAPEs are 17.07, 17.95, 16.46, and 15.13, respectively; For syphilis, the MAPEs are 21.88, 24.00, 20.18 and 11.20, respectively. In general, the performance ranking of the four models from high to low is LSTM, ARIMA-ERNN, ERNN, and ARIMA. Conclusion The time series predictive models show their powerful performance in forecasting STDs incidence and can be applied by relevant authorities in the prevention and control of STDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiuyang Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Xu X, Qian X, Gao C, Pang Y, Zhou H, Zhu L, Wang Z, Pang M, Wu D, Yu W, Kong F, Shi D, Guo Y, Su X, Hu W, Yan J, Feng X, Fan H. Advances in the pharmacological treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: From laboratory to clinic. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:953846. [PMID: 36003932 PMCID: PMC9393627 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.953846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larvae of Echinococcus multilocularis. Because of its characteristics of diffuse infiltration and growth similar to tumors, the disability rate and mortality rate are high among patients. Although surgery (including hepatectomy, liver transplantation, and autologous liver transplantation) is the first choice for the treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in clinic, drug treatment still plays an important and irreplaceable role in patients with end-stage echinococcosis, including patients with multiple organ metastasis, patients with inferior vena cava invasion, or patients with surgical contraindications, etc. However, Albendazole is the only recommended clinical drug which could exhibit a parasitostatic rather than a parasitocidal effect. Novel drugs are needed but few investment was made in the field because the rarity of the cases. Drug repurposing might be a solution. In this review, FDA-approved drugs that have a potential curative effect on hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in animal models are summarized. Further, nano drug delivery systems boosting the therapeutic effect on hepatic alveolar echinococcosis are also reviewed. Taken together, these might contribute to the development of novel strategy for advanced hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinye Qian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cancan Gao
- Department of General Medicine of Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Pang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
| | - Lizhen Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
| | - Mingquan Pang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
| | - Defang Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
| | - Wenhao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
| | - Fanyu Kong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
| | - Dalin Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
| | - Wang Hu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Feng
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobin Feng, ; Haining Fan,
| | - Haining Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobin Feng, ; Haining Fan,
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Zheng X, Ding W, Ling X, Shi J, Dong J, Yu G, Chen Y, Li R, Xu L, Li X, Zhu H, Zhu F, Hu W. Prevalence of Treponema Pallidum Antibody among Volunteer Blood Donors in China. Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 2022; 2022:1-6. [PMID: 35979517 PMCID: PMC9378002 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1668703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Infection with syphilis is still a major public health problem. The precise data for syphilis seroprevalence in the populations will help to develop a strategy for prevention and treatment of it. However, the data for syphilis prevalence in continuous years among volunteer blood donors in China is rare. Methods A retrospective study for Treponema pallidum (TP) antibody in blood donors was conducted from January 2010 to December 2019 at the Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, China. TP antibody was detected with two different reagents using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the only sample which was reactive in the two reagents was defined as seropositive. Results A total of 992,646 volunteer blood donors were analyzed and the positive rate of TP antibody in the blood donors was 0.43%. From 2010 to 2019, the positive rates of TP antibody were 0.53%, 0.51%, 0.51%, 0.43%, 0.36%, 0.18%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.11%, and 0.10%, respectively. The positive rates of TP antibody were significantly different among blood donor age group (p < 0.001), with the highest positive rate in 45–54-years-old group (0.93%). The positive rates of TP antibody in male and female blood donors were 0.44% and 0.41%, respectively. The positive rate was 0.57% among the first-time blood donors, which was significantly higher than that of the repeat blood donors (0.17%). The positive rate of TP antibody in blood donors decreased gradually with the increase of educational level. Conclusion The syphilis seroprevalence is low in the blood donors of the Hangzhou area, and the positive rate of blood donors is associated with age, educational level, and times of blood donation. Increasing the number of repeat blood donations is helpful to improve blood safety.
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Wang RN, Zhang YC, Yu BT, He YT, Li B, Zhang YL. Spatio-temporal evolution and trend prediction of the incidence of Class B notifiable infectious diseases in China: a sample of statistical data from 2007 to 2020. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1208. [PMID: 35715790 PMCID: PMC9204078 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13566-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the accelerated global integration and the impact of climatic, ecological and social environmental changes, China will continue to face the challenge of the outbreak and spread of emerging infectious diseases and traditional ones. This study aims to explore the spatial and temporal evolutionary characteristics of the incidence of Class B notifiable infectious diseases in China from 2007 to 2020, and to forecast the trend of it as well. Hopefully, it will provide a reference for the formulation of infectious disease prevention and control strategies. METHODS Data on the incidence rates of Class B notifiable infectious diseases in 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of China from 2007 to 2020 were collected for the prediction of the spatio-temporal evolution and spatial correlation as well as the incidence of Class B notifiable infectious diseases in China based on global spatial autocorrelation and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). RESULTS From 2007 to 2020, the national incidence rate of Class B notifiable infectious diseases (from 272.37 per 100,000 in 2007 to 190.35 per 100,000 in 2020) decreases year by year, and the spatial distribution shows an "east-central-west" stepwise increase. From 2007 to 2020, the spatial clustering of the incidence of Class B notifiable infectious diseases is significant and increasing year by year (Moran's I index values range from 0.189 to 0.332, p < 0.05). The forecasted incidence rates of Class B notifiable infectious diseases nationwide from 2021 to 2024 (205.26/100,000, 199.95/100,000, 194.74/100,000 and 189.62/100,000) as well as the forecasted values for most regions show a downward trend, with only some regions (Guangdong, Hunan, Hainan, Tibet, Guangxi and Guizhou) showing an increasing trend year by year. CONCLUSIONS The current study found that since there were significant regional disparities in the prevention and control of infectious diseases in China between 2007 and 2020, the reduction of the incidence of Class B notifiable infectious diseases requires the joint efforts of the surrounding provinces. Besides, special attention should be paid to provinces with an increasing trend in the incidence of Class B notifiable infectious diseases to prevent the re-emergence of certain traditional infectious diseases in a particular province or even the whole country, as well as the outbreak and spread of emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Nan Wang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yue-Chi Zhang
- Bussiness School, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Bo-Tao Yu
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yan-Ting He
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bei Li
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yi-Li Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Yan J, Li Y, Zhou P. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of STDs in China: based on the GM (1,1) model. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22. [PMID: 35659579 PMCID: PMC9166241 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07496-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) are two very important diseases. However, relevant researches about how COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on the epidemiological trend of STDs are limited in China. This study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on STDs in China and proposed relevant recommendations to be used in bettering health. Methods The incidence of HIV infection, syphilis and gonorrhea in China from 2008 to 2020 were collected. Grey Model (1,1) were established to predict the incidence of STDs with the incidence data of these three STDs from 2013 to 2018 considering the impact of policies in China, respectively. We then calculated the predictive incidence of each STD in 2019, 2020 and 2021 by the established Model. And we estimated the extent of the impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiological changes of STDs by analyzing the difference between the absolute percentage error (APE) of the predictive incidence and actual rate in 2019 and 2020. Results The incidence of HIV infection and syphilis showed a trend of increase from 2008 to 2019 in China, but that for gonorrhea was fluctuant. Of note, the incidence of these three STDs decreased significantly in 2020 compared with that in 2019. The APE of HIV infection, syphilis and gonorrhea in 2020 (20.54%, 15.45% and 60.88%) were about 7 times, 4 times and 2 times of that in 2019 (2.94%, 4.07% and 30.41%). The incidence of HIV infection, syphilis and gonorrhea would be 5.77/100,000, 39.64/100,000 and 13.19/100,000 in 2021 based on our model. Conclusions The epidemiological trend of STDs in China was significant influenced by COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to balance the control of COVID-19 and timely management of STDs during the COVID-19 epidemic to prevent or reduce the poor outcome among COVID-19 patients with STDs. New management strategies on STDs, such as leveraging social media, online medical care, rapid self-testing, timely diagnosis and treatment guarantee and balance of medical resources for STDs management should be adapted in the context of the long-term effects of COVID-19. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07496-y.
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Cao Y, Lu G, Zhou H, Wang W, Liu Y, Yang M, Liang C, Zhu G, Cao J. Case-based malaria surveillance and response: implementation of 1-3-7 approach in Jiangsu Province, China. Adv Parasitol 2022; 116:1-31. [PMID: 35752445 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Following initiation of China's National Malaria Elimination Action Plan (NMEAP) in 2010, China's 1-3-7 surveillance and response approach was developed and rolled out in China to facilitate the malaria control programme and accelerate the progress of malaria elimination. Innovative strategies and interventions have been developed and implemented in Jiangsu Province to facilitate case-based malaria surveillance and response. A total of 9879 malaria cases were reported in Jiangsu Province from 2001 to 2020. Since 2012, no indigenous malaria cases have been reported in Jiangsu Province. However, in recent years, there has been a substantial increase of imported cases from abroad. To continue improving the malaria surveillance and response system, Jiangsu Province has conducted population-based health education to improve the healthcare seeking behaviour of malaria patients, strengthened the capacity of health facilities to improve the performance of malaria diagnosis and treatment, and strengthened health workforce capacity to improve the implementation of 1-3-7 approach. Continually improving surveillance and response system can play a critical role in the early detection and rapid response of individual malaria cases and prevent the re-establishment of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission (NHC) on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guangyu Lu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Huayun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission (NHC) on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission (NHC) on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yaobao Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission (NHC) on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission (NHC) on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Cheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission (NHC) on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guoding Zhu
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission (NHC) on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission (NHC) on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Zhao L, Wang HT, Ye RZ, Li ZW, Wang WJ, Wei JT, Du WY, Yin CN, Wang SS, Liu JY, Ji XK, Wang YC, Cui XM, Liu XY, Li CY, Qi C, Liu LL, Li XJ, Xue FZ, Cao WC. Profile and dynamics of infectious diseases: a population-based observational study using multi-source big data. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:332. [PMID: 35379167 PMCID: PMC8977827 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07313-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current surveillance system only focuses on notifiable infectious diseases in China. The arrival of the big-data era provides us a chance to elaborate on the full spectrum of infectious diseases. Methods In this population-based observational study, we used multiple health-related data extracted from the Shandong Multi-Center Healthcare Big Data Platform from January 2013 to June 2017 to estimate the incidence density and describe the epidemiological characteristics and dynamics of various infectious diseases in a population of 3,987,573 individuals in Shandong province, China. Results In total, 106,289 cases of 130 infectious diseases were diagnosed among the population, with an incidence density (ID) of 694.86 per 100,000 person-years. Besides 73,801 cases of 35 notifiable infectious diseases, 32,488 cases of 95 non-notifiable infectious diseases were identified. The overall ID continuously increased from 364.81 per 100,000 person-years in 2013 to 1071.80 per 100,000 person-years in 2017 (χ2 test for trend, P < 0.0001). Urban areas had a significantly higher ID than rural areas, with a relative risk of 1.25 (95% CI 1.23–1.27). Adolescents aged 10–19 years had the highest ID of varicella, women aged 20–39 years had significantly higher IDs of syphilis and trichomoniasis, and people aged ≥ 60 years had significantly higher IDs of zoster and viral conjunctivitis (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Infectious diseases remain a substantial public health problem, and non-notifiable diseases should not be neglected. Multi-source-based big data are beneficial to better understand the profile and dynamics of infectious diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07313-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Run-Ze Ye
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Li
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia-Te Wei
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wan-Yu Du
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao-Nan Yin
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Yue Liu
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Ji
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Yong-Chao Wang
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-da Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Liu
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chun-Yu Li
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Chang Qi
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Li-Li Liu
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Li
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Fu-Zhong Xue
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China.
| | - Wu-Chun Cao
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-da Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
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Hao Q, Gao Q, Zhao R, Wang H, Li H, Jiang B. The effect and attributable risk of daily temperature on category C infectious diarrhea in Guangdong Province, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:23963-23974. [PMID: 34817816 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have explored the effect between ambient temperature and infectious diarrhea (ID) mostly using relative risk, which provides limited information in practical applications. Few studies have focused on the disease burden of ID caused by temperature, especially for different subgroups and cities in a multi-city setting. This study aims to estimate the effects and attributable risks of temperature on category C ID and explore potential modifiers among various cities in Guangdong. First, distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMs) were used to explore city-specific associations between daily mean temperature and category C ID from 2014 to 2016 in Guangdong and pooled by applying multivariate meta-analysis. Then, multivariate meta-regression was implemented to analyze the potential heterogeneity among various cities. Finally, we assessed the attributable burden of category C ID due to temperature, low (below the 5th percentile of temperature) and high temperature (above the 95th percentile of temperature) for each city and subgroup population. Compared with the 50th percentile of daily mean temperature, adverse effects on category C ID were found when the temperature was lower than 12.27 ℃ in Guangdong Province. Some city-specific factors (longitude, urbanization rate, population density, disposable income per capita, and the number of medical technicians and beds per thousand persons) could modify the relationship of temperature-category C ID. During the study period, there were 60,505 category C ID cases (17.14% of total cases) attributable to the exposure of temperature, with the attributable fraction (AF) of low temperature (4.23%, 95% empirical confidence interval (eCI): 1.79-5.71%) higher than high temperature (1.34%, 95% eCI: 0.86-1.64%). Males, people under 5 years, and workers appeared to be more vulnerable to temperature, with AFs of 29.40%, 19.25%, and 21.49%, respectively. The AF varied substantially at the city level, with the largest AF of low temperature occurring in Shaoguan (9.58%, 95% eCI: 8.36-10.09%), and that of high temperature occurring in Shenzhen (3.16%, 95% eCI: 2.70-3.51%). Low temperature was an important risk factor for category C ID in Guangdong Province, China. The exposure-response relationship could be modified by city-specific characteristics. Considering the whole population, the attributable risk of low temperature was much higher than that of high temperature, and males, people under 5 years, and workers were vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Hao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Baofa Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Li ZW, Yin CN, Wang HT, Du WY, Wang WJ, Xue FZ, Zhao L, Cao WC; Cheeloo EcoHealth Consortium (CLEC). Incidence trend and disease burden of seven vaccine-preventable diseases in Shandong province, China, 2013-2017: Findings from a population-based observational study. Vaccine X 2022; 10:100145. [PMID: 35243321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although vaccines provide a cost-effective solution to vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), the disease burden of VPDs is still very high in most parts of the world. Methods A population-based observational study was conducted in Shandong province, China, from 2013 to 2017, giving an insight into the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of seven VPDs. The incidence trend was estimated using the Poisson regression model. The disease burden was calculated using the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Results Most VPDs included in the China’s National Immunization Program had higher incidence density (ID) in inland cities. The ID of mumps decreased significantly, while herpes zoster increased (both P < 0.05). The top three causes of the disease burden as assessed with DALYs included tuberculosis, herpes zoster, and hepatitis B, with the rates of 72.21, 59.99, and 52.10 DALYs/100 000, respectively. The disease burden of influenza and herpes zoster were relatively high in people aged > 50 years, while highest DALYs of hepatitis B were found in young adults. Conclusion Inequalities in the vaccine coverage by geography, socio-economic status, and targeted population contribute to the increasing incidence and high burden of VPDs and call for renewed and sustained immunization strategies in China.
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Su X, Zheng L, Zhang H, Shen T, Liu Y, Hu X. Secular Trends of Acute Viral Hepatitis Incidence and Mortality in China, 1990 to 2019 and Its Prediction to 2030: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:842088. [PMID: 35360747 PMCID: PMC8962367 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.842088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the patterns and trends in the context of both incidence and mortality and anticipating future trends is important for viral hepatitis prevention, treatment, and guiding resource allocation in China. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive temporal analysis of acute viral hepatitis and its type using the most updated data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD 2019) to estimate the incidence and mortality of hepatitis from 1990 to 2019 and make predictions to 2030. Methods The age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and mortality rate (ASMR) of viral hepatitis in China were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD 2019). Trends of ASIR and ASMR for viral hepatitis were plotted using locally weighted regression (LOESS). We used joinpoint regression analysis to detect temporal changes and estimate the annual percent of change (APC) of each trend segment and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). A Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis was employed to describe ASIR and ASMR trends between 1990 and 2019 and projections to 2030. Results In 1990, there were 67 million incident cases of acute viral hepatitis, which then decreased to 47 million incidence cases in 2019. Hepatitis A and hepatitis B account for the majority of acute viral hepatitis, and the most pronounced declines in hepatitis B (−48.7%) and hepatitis C (−39.0%) were observed between 1990 and 2019. The ASIR of overall acute viral hepatitis shows a persistent decline, with an average annual percent of change (AAPC) of −1.9% (95% CI: −1.9, −1.8) between 1990 and 2019. The trend of ASMR demonstrated a rapid decline between 1990 and 2005, followed by a slow decline until 2030. Conclusion Our study reveals favorable declining trends of incidence and mortality for acute viral hepatitis in China from 1990 and 2019, and these favorable trends are predicted to continue up to 2030. Despite the favorable trends observed, the absolute number of viral hepatitis, especially hepatitis A and B, is still substantial in China. A scaled-up vaccine campaign is still needed to tackle the large number of vaccine preventable hepatitis infections.
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