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Taneera J, Saber-Ayad MM. Preservation of β-Cells as a Therapeutic Strategy for Diabetes. Horm Metab Res 2024; 56:261-271. [PMID: 38387480 DOI: 10.1055/a-2239-2668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The preservation of pancreatic islet β-cells is crucial in diabetes mellitus, encompassing both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. β-cell dysfunction, reduced mass, and apoptosis are central to insufficient insulin secretion in both types. Research is focused on understanding β-cell characteristics and the factors regulating their function to develop novel therapeutic approaches. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), β-cell destruction by the immune system calls for exploring immunosuppressive therapies, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and leukotriene antagonists. Islet transplantation, stem cell therapy, and xenogeneic transplantation offer promising strategies for type 1 diabetes treatment. For type 2 diabetes (T2D), lifestyle changes like weight loss and exercise enhance insulin sensitivity and maintain β-cell function. Additionally, various pharmacological approaches, such as cytokine inhibitors and protein kinase inhibitors, are being investigated to protect β-cells from inflammation and glucotoxicity. Bariatric surgery emerges as an effective treatment for obesity and T2D by promoting β-cell survival and function. It improves insulin sensitivity, modulates gut hormones, and expands β-cell mass, leading to diabetes remission and better glycemic control. In conclusion, preserving β-cells offers a promising approach to managing both types of diabetes. By combining lifestyle modifications, targeted pharmacological interventions, and advanced therapies like stem cell transplantation and bariatric surgery, we have a significant chance to preserve β-cell function and enhance glucose regulation in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Taneera
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha M Saber-Ayad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Yasasilka XR, Lee MS. Role of β-cell autophagy in β-cell physiology and the development of diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2024. [PMID: 38470018 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the molecular mechanism of autophagy was a landmark in understanding not only the physiology of cells and tissues, but also the pathogenesis of diverse diseases, including diabetes and metabolic disorders. Autophagy of pancreatic β-cells plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of the mass, structure and function of β-cells, whose dysregulation can lead to abnormal metabolic profiles or diabetes. Modulators of autophagy are being developed to improve metabolic profile and β-cell function through the removal of harmful materials and rejuvenation of organelles, such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Among the known antidiabetic drugs, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists enhance the autophagic activity of β-cells, which might contribute to the profound effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on systemic metabolism. In this review, the results from studies on the role of autophagy in β-cells and their implication in the development of diabetes are discussed. In addition to non-selective (macro)autophagy, the role and mechanisms of selective autophagy and other minor forms of autophagy that might occur in β-cells are discussed. As β-cell failure is the ultimate cause of diabetes and unresponsiveness to conventional therapy, modulation of β-cell autophagy might represent a future antidiabetic treatment approach, particularly in patients who are not well managed with current antidiabetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xaviera Riani Yasasilka
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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Moon S, Lim JY, Lee M, Han Y, Kim H, Kwon W, Jang JY, Kim MN, Park KS, Jung HS. Glucolipotoxicity Suppressed Autophagy and Insulin Contents in Human Islets, and Attenuation of PERK Activity Enhanced Them in an ATG7-Dependent Manner. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:231-241. [PMID: 37670417 PMCID: PMC10995495 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Administration of pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum kinase inhibitor (PERKi) improved insulin secretion and hyperglycemia in obese diabetic mice. In this study, autophagic balance was studied whether to mediate it. METHODS Human islets were isolated from living patients without diabetes. PERKi GSK2606414 effects were evaluated in the islets under glucolipotoxicity by palmitate. Islet insulin contents and secretion were measured. Autophagic flux was assessed by microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) conversion, a red fluorescent protein (RFP)-green fluorescent protein (GFP)- LC3 tandem assay, and P62 levels. For mechanical analyses, autophagy was suppressed using 3-methyladenine in mouse islets. Small interfering RNA for an autophagy-related gene autophagy related 7 (Atg7) was transfected to interfere autophagy. RESULTS PERKi administration to mice decreased diabetes-induced P62 levels in the islets. Glucolipotoxicity significantly increased PERK phosphorylation by 70% and decreased insulin contents by 50% in human islets, and addition of PERKi (40 to 80 nM) recovered both. PERKi also enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (6-fold). PERKi up-regulated LC3 conversion suppressed by glucolipotoxicity, and down-regulated P62 contents without changes in P62 transcription, indicating enhanced autophagic flux. Increased autophagosome-lysosome fusion by PERKi was visualized in mouse islets, where PERKi enhanced ATG7 bound to LC3. Suppression of Atg7 eliminated PERKi-induced insulin contents and secretion. CONCLUSION This study provided functional changes of human islets with regard to autophagy under glucolipotoxicity, and suggested modulation of autophagy as an anti-diabetic mechanism of PERKi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoil Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mirang Lee
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngmin Han
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongbeom Kim
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wooil Kwon
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Young Jang
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Na Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Seung Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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4
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Liu B, Hua D, Shen L, Li T, Tao Z, Fu C, Tang Z, Yang J, Zhang L, Nie A, Jiang Y, Wang J, Li Y, Gu Y, Ning G. NPC1 is required for postnatal islet β cell differentiation by maintaining mitochondria turnover. Theranostics 2024; 14:2058-2074. [PMID: 38505613 PMCID: PMC10945349 DOI: 10.7150/thno.90946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: NPC1 is a protein localized on the lysosome membrane regulating intracellular cholesterol transportation and maintaining normal lysosome function. GWAS studies have found that NPC1 variants in T2D was a pancreatic islet expression quantitative trait locus, suggesting a potential role of NPC1 in T2D islet pathophysiology. Methods: Two-week-old Npc1-/- mice and wild type littermates were employed to examine pancreatic β cell morphology and functional changes induced by loss of Npc1. Single cell RNA sequencing was conducted on primary islets. Npc1-/- Min6 cell line was generated using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Seahorse XF24 was used to analyze primary islet and Min6 cell mitochondria respiration. Ultra-high-resolution cell imaging with Lattice SIM2 and electron microscope imaging were used to observe mitochondria and lysosome in primary islet β and Min6 cells. Mitophagy Dye and mt-Keima were used to measure β cell mitophagy. Results: In Npc1-/- mice, we found that β cell survival and pancreatic β cell mass expansion as well as islet glucose induced insulin secretion in 2-week-old mice were reduced. Npc1 loss retarded postnatal β cell differentiation and growth as well as impaired mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) function to increase mitochondrial superoxide production, which might be attributed to impaired autophagy flux particularly mitochondria autophagy (mitophagy) induced by dysfunctional lysosome in Npc1 null β cells. Conclusion: Our study revealed that NPC1 played an important role in maintaining normal lysosome function and mitochondria turnover, which ensured establishment of sufficient mitochondria OXPHOS for islet β cells differentiation and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Duanyi Hua
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyan Shen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheying Tao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyang Fu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongzheng Tang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aifang Nie
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiran Jiang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiqiu Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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5
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Hsu C, Templin AT, Prosswimmer T, Shea D, Li J, Brooks‐Worrell B, Kahn SE, Daggett V. Human islet amyloid polypeptide-induced β-cell cytotoxicity is linked to formation of α-sheet structure. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4854. [PMID: 38062941 PMCID: PMC10823758 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) results from insulin secretory dysfunction arising in part from the loss of pancreatic islet β-cells. Several factors contribute to β-cell loss, including islet amyloid formation, which is observed in over 90% of individuals with T2D. The amyloid is comprised of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP). Here we provide evidence that early in aggregation, hIAPP forms toxic oligomers prior to formation of amyloid fibrils. The toxic oligomers contain α-sheet secondary structure, a nonstandard secondary structure associated with toxic oligomers in other amyloid diseases. De novo, synthetic α-sheet compounds designed to be nontoxic and complementary to the α-sheet structure in the toxic oligomers inhibit hIAPP aggregation and neutralize oligomer-mediated cytotoxicity in cell-based assays. In vivo administration of an α-sheet design to mice for 4 weeks revealed no evidence of toxicity nor did it elicit an immune response. Furthermore, the α-sheet designs reduced endogenous islet amyloid formation and mitigation of amyloid-associated β-cell loss in cultured islets isolated from an hIAPP transgenic mouse model of islet amyloidosis. Characterization of the involvement of α-sheet in early aggregation of hIAPP and oligomer toxicity contributes to elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying amyloid-associated β-cell loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Chieh Hsu
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Molecular Engineering ProgramUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Andrew T. Templin
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of MedicineVA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Tatum Prosswimmer
- Molecular Engineering ProgramUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Dylan Shea
- Molecular Engineering ProgramUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Jinzheng Li
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Barbara Brooks‐Worrell
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of MedicineVA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Steven E. Kahn
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of MedicineVA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Valerie Daggett
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Molecular Engineering ProgramUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
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Bhagat V, Verchere CB. A small molecule improves diabetes in mice expressing human islet amyloid polypeptide. Islets 2023; 15:12-15. [PMID: 36634699 PMCID: PMC9839368 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2022.2163829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the number of studies on islet and beta cell autophagy have substantially increased due to growing interest in the role of autophagy in maintaining cellular homeostasis in diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) aggregates to form higher structure oligomers and fibrils that are toxic to beta cells and induce islet inflammation. The primary mechanism of oligomer and fibril clearance in beta cells is through the autophagic pathway, a process that is impaired in type 2 diabetes. Thus, toxic oligomeric and fibrillar forms of hIAPP accumulate in type 2 diabetic islets. Recently, Kim et al. characterized the ability of a small molecule autophagy enhancer, MSL-7, to clear hIAPP oligomers in mice expressing hIAPP. Herein, we outline the primary findings of the study, limitations, and future directions to further investigate the therapeutic potential of autophagy enhancers to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vriti Bhagat
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C. Bruce Verchere
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- CONTACT Cameron B. Verchere BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28 Avenue, Vancouver, BCV5Z4H4, Canada
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7
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Sadeghi A, Niknam M, Momeni-Moghaddam MA, Shabani M, Aria H, Bastin A, Teimouri M, Meshkani R, Akbari H. Crosstalk between autophagy and insulin resistance: evidence from different tissues. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:456. [PMID: 37876013 PMCID: PMC10599071 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01424-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin is a critical hormone that promotes energy storage in various tissues, as well as anabolic functions. Insulin resistance significantly reduces these responses, resulting in pathological conditions, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The management of insulin resistance requires better knowledge of its pathophysiological mechanisms to prevent secondary complications, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Recent evidence regarding the etiological mechanisms behind insulin resistance emphasizes the role of energy imbalance and neurohormonal dysregulation, both of which are closely regulated by autophagy. Autophagy is a conserved process that maintains homeostasis in cells. Accordingly, autophagy abnormalities have been linked to a variety of metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, T2DM, obesity, and CVDs. Thus, there may be a link between autophagy and insulin resistance. Therefore, the interaction between autophagy and insulin function will be examined in this review, particularly in insulin-responsive tissues, such as adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asie Sadeghi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Niknam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Shabani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Aria
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Bastin
- Clinical Research Development Center "The Persian Gulf Martyrs" Hospital, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Maryam Teimouri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Akbari
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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8
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Oh SJ, Park K, Sonn SK, Oh GT, Lee MS. Pancreatic β-cell mitophagy as an adaptive response to metabolic stress and the underlying mechanism that involves lysosomal Ca 2+ release. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1922-1932. [PMID: 37653033 PMCID: PMC10545665 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is an excellent example of selective autophagy that eliminates damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria, and it is crucial for the maintenance of mitochondrial integrity and function. The critical roles of autophagy in pancreatic β-cell structure and function have been clearly shown. Furthermore, morphological abnormalities and decreased function of mitochondria have been observed in autophagy-deficient β-cells, suggesting the importance of β-cell mitophagy. However, the role of authentic mitophagy in β-cell function has not been clearly demonstrated, as mice with pancreatic β-cell-specific disruption of Parkin, one of the most important players in mitophagy, did not exhibit apparent abnormalities in β-cell function or glucose homeostasis. Instead, the role of mitophagy in pancreatic β-cells has been investigated using β-cell-specific Tfeb-knockout mice (TfebΔβ-cell mice); Tfeb is a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis or autophagy gene expression and participates in mitophagy. TfebΔβ-cell mice were unable to adaptively increase mitophagy or mitochondrial complex activity in response to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic stress. Consequently, TfebΔβ-cell mice exhibited impaired β-cell responses and further exacerbated metabolic deterioration after HFD feeding. TFEB was activated by mitochondrial or metabolic stress-induced lysosomal Ca2+ release, which led to calcineurin activation and mitophagy. After lysosomal Ca2+ release, depleted lysosomal Ca2+ stores were replenished by ER Ca2+ through ER→lysosomal Ca2+ refilling, which supplemented the low lysosomal Ca2+ capacity. The importance of mitophagy in β-cell function was also demonstrated in mice that developed β-cell dysfunction and glucose intolerance after treatment with a calcineurin inhibitor that hampered TFEB activation and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Oh
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, 31151, Korea
| | - Kihyoun Park
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, 31151, Korea
| | - Seong Keun Sonn
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03767, Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03767, Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, 31151, Korea.
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9
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Ruiz-Velasco A, Raja R, Chen X, Ganenthiran H, Kaur N, Alatawi NHO, Miller JM, Abouleisa RR, Ou Q, Zhao X, Fonseka O, Wang X, Hille SS, Frey N, Wang T, Mohamed TM, Müller OJ, Cartwright EJ, Liu W. Restored autophagy is protective against PAK3-induced cardiac dysfunction. iScience 2023; 26:106970. [PMID: 37324527 PMCID: PMC10265534 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the development of clinical treatments, heart failure remains the leading cause of mortality. We observed that p21-activated kinase 3 (PAK3) was augmented in failing human and mouse hearts. Furthermore, mice with cardiac-specific PAK3 overexpression exhibited exacerbated pathological remodeling and deteriorated cardiac function. Myocardium with PAK3 overexpression displayed hypertrophic growth, excessive fibrosis, and aggravated apoptosis following isoprenaline stimulation as early as two days. Mechanistically, using cultured cardiomyocytes and human-relevant samples under distinct stimulations, we, for the first time, demonstrated that PAK3 acts as a suppressor of autophagy through hyper-activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Defective autophagy in the myocardium contributes to the progression of heart failure. More importantly, PAK3-provoked cardiac dysfunction was mitigated by administering an autophagic inducer. Our study illustrates a unique role of PAK3 in autophagy regulation and the therapeutic potential of targeting this axis for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ruiz-Velasco
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Rida Raja
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Haresh Ganenthiran
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Namrita Kaur
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Nasser hawimel o Alatawi
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jessica M. Miller
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, 580 S Preston St, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Riham R.E. Abouleisa
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, 580 S Preston St, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Qinghui Ou
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, 580 S Preston St, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Xiangjun Zhao
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Oveena Fonseka
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Xin Wang
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Susanne S. Hille
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tao Wang
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Tamer M.A. Mohamed
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, 580 S Preston St, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Oliver J. Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Elizabeth J. Cartwright
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Wei Liu
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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10
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Park K, Sonn SK, Seo S, Kim J, Hur KY, Oh GT, Lee MS. Impaired TFEB activation and mitophagy as a cause of PPP3/calcineurin inhibitor-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Autophagy 2023; 19:1444-1458. [PMID: 36217215 PMCID: PMC10240995 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2132686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy or mitophagy plays crucial roles in the maintenance of pancreatic β-cell function. PPP3/calcineurin can modulate the activity of TFEB, a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy gene expression, through dephosphorylation. We studied whether PPP3/calcineurin inhibitors can affect the mitophagy of pancreatic β-cells and pancreatic β-cell function employing FK506, an immunosuppressive drug against graft rejection. FK506 suppressed rotenone- or oligomycin+antimycin-A-induced mitophagy measured by Mito-Keima localization in acidic lysosomes or RFP-LC3 puncta colocalized with TOMM20 in INS-1 insulinoma cells. FK506 diminished nuclear translocation of TFEB after treatment with rotenone or oligomycin+antimycin A. Forced TFEB nuclear translocation by a constitutively active TFEB mutant transfection restored impaired mitophagy by FK506, suggesting the role of decreased TFEB nuclear translocation in FK506-mediated mitophagy impairment. Probably due to reduced mitophagy, recovery of mitochondrial potential or quenching of mitochondrial ROS after removal of rotenone or oligomycin+antimycin A was delayed by FK506. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption was reduced by FK506, indicating reduced mitochondrial function by FK506. Likely due to mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin release from INS-1 cells was reduced by FK506 in vitro. FK506 treatment also reduced insulin release and impaired glucose tolerance in vivo, which was associated with decreased mitophagy and mitochondrial COX activity in pancreatic islets. FK506-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and glucose intolerance were ameliorated by an autophagy enhancer activating TFEB. These results suggest that diminished mitophagy and consequent mitochondrial dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells contribute to FK506-induced β-cell dysfunction or glucose intolerance, and autophagy enhancement could be a therapeutic modality against post-transplantation diabetes mellitus caused by PPP3/calcineurin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihyoun Park
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Keun Sonn
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungwoon Seo
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Yeon Hur
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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11
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Sehrawat A, Mishra J, Mastana SS, Navik U, Bhatti GK, Reddy PH, Bhatti JS. Dysregulated autophagy: A key player in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and its complications. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166666. [PMID: 36791919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is essential in regulating the turnover of macromolecules via removing damaged organelles, misfolded proteins in various tissues, including liver, skeletal muscles, and adipose tissue to maintain the cellular homeostasis. In these tissues, a specific type of autophagy maintains the accumulation of lipid droplets which is directly related to obesity and the development of insulin resistance. It appears to play a protective role in a normal physiological environment by eliminating the invading pathogens, protein aggregates, and damaged organelles and generating energy and new building blocks by recycling the cellular components. Ageing is also a crucial modulator of autophagy process. During stress conditions involving nutrient deficiency, lipids excess, hypoxia etc., autophagy serves as a pro-survival mechanism by recycling the free amino acids to maintain the synthesis of proteins. The dysregulated autophagy has been found in several ageing associated diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. So, targeting autophagy can be a promising therapeutic strategy against the progression to diabetes related complications. Our article provides a comprehensive outline of understanding of the autophagy process, including its types, mechanisms, regulation, and role in the pathophysiology of T2DM and related complications. We also explored the significance of autophagy in the homeostasis of β-cells, insulin resistance (IR), clearance of protein aggregates such as islet amyloid polypeptide, and various insulin-sensitive tissues. This will further pave the way for developing novel therapeutic strategies for diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sehrawat
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Jayapriya Mishra
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sarabjit Singh Mastana
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
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12
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Dalle S, Abderrahmani A, Renard E. Pharmacological inhibitors of β-cell dysfunction and death as therapeutics for diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1076343. [PMID: 37008937 PMCID: PMC10050720 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1076343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 500 million adults suffer from diabetes worldwide, and this number is constantly increasing. Diabetes causes 5 million deaths per year and huge healthcare costs per year. β-cell death is the major cause of type 1 diabetes. β-cell secretory dysfunction plays a key role in the development of type 2 diabetes. A loss of β-cell mass due to apoptotic death has also been proposed as critical for the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Death of β-cells is caused by multiple factors including pro-inflammatory cytokines, chronic hyperglycemia (glucotoxicity), certain fatty acids at high concentrations (lipotoxicity), reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and islet amyloid deposits. Unfortunately, none of the currently available antidiabetic drugs favor the maintenance of endogenous β-cell functional mass, indicating an unmet medical need. Here, we comprehensively review over the last ten years the investigation and identification of molecules of pharmacological interest for protecting β-cells against dysfunction and apoptotic death which could pave the way for the development of innovative therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Dalle
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- Université Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centrale Lille, Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, Lille, France
| | - Eric Renard
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire de Thérapie Cellulaire du Diabète, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Montpellier, France
- Département d’Endocrinologie, Diabètologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Montpellier, France
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13
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Fukunaka A, Shimura M, Ichinose T, Pereye OB, Nakagawa Y, Tamura Y, Mizutani W, Inoue R, Inoue T, Tanaka Y, Sato T, Saitoh T, Fukada T, Nishida Y, Miyatsuka T, Shirakawa J, Watada H, Matsuyama S, Fujitani Y. Zinc and iron dynamics in human islet amyloid polypeptide-induced diabetes mouse model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3484. [PMID: 36922503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30498-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal homeostasis is tightly regulated in cells and organisms, and its disturbance is frequently observed in some diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders. Previous studies suggest that zinc and iron are necessary for the normal functions of pancreatic β cells. However, the distribution of elements in normal conditions and the pathophysiological significance of dysregulated elements in the islet in diabetic conditions have remained unclear. In this study, to investigate the dynamics of elements in the pancreatic islets of a diabetic mouse model expressing human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP): hIAPP transgenic (hIAPP-Tg) mice, we performed imaging analysis of elements using synchrotron scanning X-ray fluorescence microscopy and quantitative analysis of elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We found that in the islets, zinc significantly decreased in the early stage of diabetes, while iron gradually decreased concurrently with the increase in blood glucose levels of hIAPP-Tg mice. Notably, when zinc and/or iron were decreased in the islets of hIAPP-Tg mice, dysregulation of glucose-stimulated mitochondrial respiration was observed. Our findings may contribute to clarifying the roles of zinc and iron in islet functions under pathophysiological diabetic conditions.
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14
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Nakamura J, Yamamoto T, Takabatake Y, Namba-Hamano T, Minami S, Takahashi A, Matsuda J, Sakai S, Yonishi H, Maeda S, Matsui S, Matsui I, Hamano T, Takahashi M, Goto M, Izumi Y, Bamba T, Sasai M, Yamamoto M, Matsusaka T, Niimura F, Yanagita M, Nakamura S, Yoshimori T, Ballabio A, Isaka Y. TFEB-mediated lysosomal exocytosis alleviates high-fat diet-induced lipotoxicity in the kidney. JCI Insight 2023; 8:162498. [PMID: 36649084 PMCID: PMC9977505 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.162498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for end-stage kidney disease. We previously found that lysosomal dysfunction and impaired autophagic flux contribute to lipotoxicity in obesity-related kidney disease, in both humans and experimental animal models. However, the regulatory factors involved in countering renal lipotoxicity are largely unknown. Here, we found that palmitic acid strongly promoted dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB) by inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 pathway in a Rag GTPase-dependent manner, though these effects gradually diminished after extended treatment. We then investigated the role of TFEB in the pathogenesis of obesity-related kidney disease. Proximal tubular epithelial cell-specific (PTEC-specific) Tfeb-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) exhibited greater phospholipid accumulation in enlarged lysosomes, which manifested as multilamellar bodies (MLBs). Activated TFEB mediated lysosomal exocytosis of phospholipids, which helped reduce MLB accumulation in PTECs. Furthermore, HFD-fed, PTEC-specific Tfeb-deficient mice showed autophagic stagnation and exacerbated injury upon renal ischemia/reperfusion. Finally, higher body mass index was associated with increased vacuolation and decreased nuclear TFEB in the proximal tubules of patients with chronic kidney disease. These results indicate a critical role of TFEB-mediated lysosomal exocytosis in counteracting renal lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nakamura
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Takabatake
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Namba-Hamano
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Minami
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Matsuda
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Sakai
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yonishi
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shihomi Maeda
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sho Matsui
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isao Matsui
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Hamano
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Nephrology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Maiko Goto
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miwa Sasai
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, and.,Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, World Premier International Research Center Initiative Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, and.,Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, World Premier International Research Center Initiative Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taiji Matsusaka
- Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medical Science, and
| | - Fumio Niimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nakamura
- Department of Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences.,Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, and
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yoshitaka Isaka
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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15
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Oh SJ, Lee MS. Role of Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Therapeutic Potential of Autophagy Modulators in the Treatment of Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e276. [PMID: 36163475 PMCID: PMC9512677 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is critically involved in the maintenance of intracellular nutrient homeostasis and organelle function. Dysregulated autophagy is likely to play a role in the development of metabolic disorders and diabetes because autophagy is critical in the rejuvenation of dysfunctional or stressed endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria that play a crucial role in the development of diabetes. Indeed, systemic autophagy insufficiency led to the increased tissue lipid content, aggravated metabolic and finally more severe diabetes when metabolic stress was imposed, suggesting that autophagy insufficiency of dysfunction of lysosome, an effector organelle of autophagy, due to aging, genetic predisposition or environmental factors could be an underlying cause of diabetes. Conversely, autophagy enhancer could improve metabolic profile of obese mice by reducing tissue lipid content and ameliorating metabolic inflammation. Furthermore, clearance of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) oligomer and amyloid that accumulate in pancreatic islets of > 90% of diabetes patients was also dependent on autophagy. Consistently, autophagy enhancer could improve glucose profile and β-cell function of transgenic mice expressing amyloidogenic hIAPP in pancreatic β-cells, which was accompanied by reduced accumulation of hIAPP oligomer or amyloid, ameliorated β-cell apoptosis and increased β-cell mass. These results suggest that autophagy enhancer could be a novel therapeutic modality against diabetes associated with lipid overload and human diabetes characterized by islet amyloid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Oh
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
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16
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Abstract
Pancreatic beta cell homeostasis is crucial for the synthesis and secretion of insulin; disruption of homeostasis causes diabetes, and is a treatment target. Adaptation to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through the unfolded protein response (UPR) and adequate regulation of autophagy, which are closely linked, play essential roles in this homeostasis. In diabetes, the UPR and autophagy are dysregulated, which leads to beta cell failure and death. Various studies have explored methods to preserve pancreatic beta cell function and mass by relieving ER stress and regulating autophagic activity. To promote clinical translation of these research results to potential therapeutics for diabetes, we summarize the current knowledge on ER stress and autophagy in human insulin-secreting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoil Moon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Seung Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Qin L, Yang Y, Hao J, He X, Liu S, Chu X, Mao W. Antidiabetic-activity sulfated polysaccharide from Chaetomorpha linum: Characteristics of its structure and effects on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:333-345. [PMID: 35227705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide from the green alga Chaetomorpha linum, designated CHS2, was obtained by water extraction, preparative anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. Results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses showed that CHS2 was a sulfated rhamnogalactoarabinan, and its backbone was mainly constituted by 4-linked and 3,4-linked β-l-arabinopyranose with sulfate groups at C-2/C-3 of 4-linked β-l-arabinopyranose. The branching contained 4-linked, 6-linked β-d-galactopyranose and terminal rhamnose residues. Based on the inhibition of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) aggregation and morphology change of hIAPP aggregates in in vitro tests, it was proved that CHS2 effectively inhibited the hIAPP aggregation and possessed strong antidiabetic activity. CHS2 was nearly no toxicity in NIT-1 cells and could attenuate hIAPP-induced cytotoxicity. CHS2 may significantly reduce the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and hIAPP aggregation-induced oxidative stress in NIT-1 cells. CHS2 was co-localized with mitochondria, and largely protected mitochondria function from hIAPP aggregation-induced damage through stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential and enhancing the mitochondrial complex I, II or III activity and ATP level. The data demonstrated that CHS2 could have potential prospect to become an antidiabetic drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yajing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiejie Hao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaoxi He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wenjun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
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18
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Salib A, Cayabyab F, Yoshihara E. Stem Cell-Derived Islets for Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5099. [PMID: 35563490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of insulin a century ago, insulin injection has been a primary treatment for both type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is a complicated disea se that is triggered by the dysfunction of insulin-producing β cells and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Insulin injection partially compensates for the role of endogenous insulin which promotes glucose uptake, lipid synthesis and organ growth. However, lacking the continuous, rapid, and accurate glucose regulation by endogenous functional β cells, the current insulin injection therapy is unable to treat the root causes of the disease. Thus, new technologies such as human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived islets are needed for both identifying the key molecular and genetic causes of T2D and for achieving a long-term treatment. This perspective review will provide insight into the efficacy of hPSC-derived human islets for treating and understanding T2D. We discuss the evidence that β cells should be the primary target for T2D treatment, the use of stem cells for the modeling of T2D and the potential use of hPSC-derived islet transplantation for treating T2D.
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19
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Brown MR, Laouteouet D, Delobel M, Villard O, Broca C, Bertrand G, Wojtusciszyn A, Dalle S, Ravier MA, Matveyenko AV, Costes S. The nuclear receptor REV-ERBα is implicated in the alteration of β-cell autophagy and survival under diabetogenic conditions. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:353. [PMID: 35428762 PMCID: PMC9012816 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with impaired regulation of autophagy which controls β-cell development, function, and survival through clearance of misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. However, the mechanisms responsible for defective autophagy in T2DM β-cells remain unknown. Since recent studies identified circadian clock transcriptional repressor REV-ERBα as a novel regulator of autophagy in cancer, in this study we set out to test whether REV-ERBα-mediated inhibition of autophagy contributes to the β-cell failure in T2DM. Our study provides evidence that common diabetogenic stressors (e.g., glucotoxicity and cytokine-mediated inflammation) augment β-cell REV-ERBα expression and impair β-cell autophagy and survival. Notably, pharmacological activation of REV-ERBα was shown to phenocopy effects of diabetogenic stressors on the β-cell through inhibition of autophagic flux, survival, and insulin secretion. In contrast, negative modulation of REV-ERBα was shown to provide partial protection from inflammation and glucotoxicity-induced β-cell failure. Finally, using bioinformatic approaches, we provide further supporting evidence for augmented REV-ERBα activity in T2DM human islets associated with impaired transcriptional regulation of autophagy and protein degradation pathways. In conclusion, our study reveals a previously unexplored causative relationship between REV-ERBα expression, inhibition of autophagy, and β-cell failure in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Brown
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Damien Laouteouet
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgane Delobel
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Orianne Villard
- grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XLaboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes (LTCD), PRIMS facility, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), University hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France ,grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XDepartment of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Broca
- grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XLaboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes (LTCD), PRIMS facility, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), University hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gyslaine Bertrand
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Wojtusciszyn
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France ,grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XLaboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes (LTCD), PRIMS facility, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), University hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France ,grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XDepartment of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Dalle
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Magalie A. Ravier
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Aleksey V. Matveyenko
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA ,grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Safia Costes
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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20
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Israeli T, Riahi Y, Garzon P, Louzada RA, Werneck-de-Castro JP, Blandino-Rosano M, Yeroslaviz-Stolper R, Kadosh L, Tornovsky-Babeay S, Hacker G, Israeli N, Agmon O, Tirosh B, Cerasi E, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Leibowitz G. Nutrient Sensor mTORC1 Regulates Insulin Secretion by Modulating β-Cell Autophagy. Diabetes 2022; 71:453-469. [PMID: 34862201 PMCID: PMC8893949 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic regulation of autophagy in β-cells by cycles of fasting-feeding and its effects on insulin secretion are unknown. In β-cells, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is inhibited while fasting and is rapidly stimulated during refeeding by a single amino acid, leucine, and glucose. Stimulation of mTORC1 by nutrients inhibited the autophagy initiator ULK1 and the transcription factor TFEB, thereby preventing autophagy when β-cells were continuously exposed to nutrients. Inhibition of mTORC1 by Raptor knockout mimicked the effects of fasting and stimulated autophagy while inhibiting insulin secretion, whereas moderate inhibition of autophagy under these conditions rescued insulin secretion. These results show that mTORC1 regulates insulin secretion through modulation of autophagy under different nutritional situations. In the fasting state, autophagy is regulated in an mTORC1-dependent manner, and its stimulation is required to keep insulin levels low, thereby preventing hypoglycemia. Reciprocally, stimulation of mTORC1 by elevated leucine and glucose, which is common in obesity, may promote hyperinsulinemia by inhibiting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Israeli
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Riahi
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Perla Garzon
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruy Andrade Louzada
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Joao Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Manuel Blandino-Rosano
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Roni Yeroslaviz-Stolper
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liat Kadosh
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Tornovsky-Babeay
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gilad Hacker
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nitzan Israeli
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orly Agmon
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Boaz Tirosh
- Stress Signaling Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Erol Cerasi
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Gil Leibowitz
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Corresponding author: Gil Leibowitz,
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21
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Abstract
Autophagy is pivotal in the maintenance of organelle function and intracellular nutrient balance. Besides the role of autophagy in the homeostasis and physiology of the individual tissues and whole organism in vivo, dysregulated autophagy has been incriminated in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases including metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory or immunological disorders, cancer and aging. Search for autophagy modulators has been widely conducted to amend dysregulation of autophagy or pharmacologically modulate autophagy in those diseases. Current data support the view that autophagy modulation could be a new modality for treatment of metabolic syndrome associated with lipid overload, human-type diabetes characterized by deposition of islet amyloid or other diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, infection and cardiovascular diseases. While clinically available bona fide autophagy modulators have not been developed yet, it is expected that on-going investigation will lead to the development of authentic autophagy modulators that can be safely administered to patients in the near future and will open a new horizon for treatment of incurable or difficult diseases.
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22
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Liang R, Liu N, Cao J, Liu T, Sun P, Cai X, Zhang L, Liu Y, Zou J, Wang L, Ding X, Zhang B, Shen Z, Yoshida S, Dou J, Wang S. HIF-1α/FOXO1 axis regulated autophagy is protective for β cell survival under hypoxia in human islets. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166356. [PMID: 35124169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
β cells suffer from hypoxia due to the rapid metabolic rate to supply insulin production. Mechanistic study of β cell survival under hypoxia may shed light on the β cell mass loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we found that the expressions of LC3 and p62/SQSTM1, two key autophagy regulators, were significantly higher in β cells than that in non-β endocrine cells in both non-diabetic and T2DM pancreases, and the autophagy process was accelerated upon Cobalt Chloride (CoCl2) treatment in ex vivo cultured primary human islets. Meanwhile, CoCl2 induced the upregulation of FOXO1 in human islets, where HIF-1α played a key role. CoCl2 treatment caused the increase of β cell apoptosis, yet inhibiting autophagy by Chloroquine or by FOXO1 knockdown further aggravated apoptosis, suggesting that FOXO1-regulated autophagy is protective for β cell survival under hypoxia. Immunofluorescence staining showed that LC3 and p62/SQSTM1 expressions were significantly decreased in T2DM patients and negatively correlated with HbA1c, indicating that the autophagy capacity of β cells is impaired along with the progression of the disease. Our study revealed that HIF-1α/FOXO1 regulated autophagy benefits β cell survival under hypoxia and autophagy dysregulation may account for β cell mass loss in T2DM. BRIEF SUMMARY: Our study revealed that HIF-1α/FOXO1 regulated autophagy benefits β cell survival under hypoxia and autophagy dysregulation may account for β cell mass loss in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Jinglin Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Tengli Liu
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Peng Sun
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Xiangheng Cai
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Lanqiu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, PR China
| | - Yaojuan Liu
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Zou
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Le Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Xuejie Ding
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Boya Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Zhongyang Shen
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Sei Yoshida
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
| | - Jian Dou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China.
| | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300384, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, PR China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
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23
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Abstract
Diabetes is a very complex disease which is characterized by the appearance of insulin resistance that is primarily compensated by an increase in pancreatic beta cell mass, generating hyperinsulinemia. After time, pancreatic beta cells die by apoptosis appearing in the second phase of the disease, and characterized by hypoinsulinemia. There are multiple conditions that can alter pancreatic beta cell homeostasis and viability, being the most relevant ones; ER stress, cytotoxicity by amylin, mTORC1 hyperactivity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and alterations in autophagy/mitophagy flux. In addition, the possible effects that different polyphenols could exert in the modulation of these mechanisms and regulating pancreatic beta cell viability are analyzed. It is necessary a profound analysis and understanding of all the possible mechanisms involved in the control and maintenance of pancreatic beta cell viability to develop more accurate and target treatments for controlling beta cell homeostasis and preventing or even reversing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana García-Aguilar
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Guillén
- Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carlos Guillén,
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24
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Raimundo AF, Ferreira S, Pobre V, Lopes-da-Silva M, Brito JA, dos Santos DJVA, Saraiva N, dos Santos CN, Menezes R. Urolithin B: Two-way attack on IAPP proteotoxicity with implications for diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1008418. [PMID: 36589826 PMCID: PMC9797523 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1008418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes is one of the major metabolic diseases worldwide. Despite being a complex systemic pathology, the aggregation and deposition of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP), or amylin, is a recognized histopathological marker of the disease. Although IAPP proteotoxicity represents an important trigger of β-cell dysfunction and ultimately death, its exploitation as a therapeutic tool remains underdeveloped. The bioactivity of (poly)phenols towards inhibition of pathological protein aggregation is well known, however, most of the identified molecules have limited bioavailability. METHODS Using a strategy combining in silico, cell-free and cell studies, we scrutinized a unique in-house collection of (poly)phenol metabolites predicted to appear in the human circulation after (poly)phenols ingestion. RESULTS We identified urolithin B as a potent inhibitor of IAPP aggregation and a powerful modulator of cell homeostasis pathways. Urolithin B was shown to affect IAPP aggregation pattern, delaying the formation of amyloid fibrils and altering their size and morphology. The molecular mechanisms underlying urolithin B-mediated protection include protein clearance pathways, mitochondrial function, and cell cycle ultimately rescuing IAPP-mediated cell dysfunction and death. DISCUSSION In brief, our study uncovered urolithin B as a novel small molecule targeting IAPP pathological aggregation with potential to be exploited as a therapeutic tool for mitigating cellular dysfunction in diabetes. Resulting from the colonic metabolism of dietary ellagic acid in the human body, urolithin B bioactivity has the potential to be explored in nutritional, nutraceutical, and pharmacological perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F. Raimundo
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade NOVA Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sofia Ferreira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- CBIOS – Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidad de Alcalá, Escuela de Doctorado, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vânia Pobre
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade NOVA Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Lopes-da-Silva
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José A. Brito
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade NOVA Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Nuno Saraiva
- CBIOS – Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia N. dos Santos
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Regina Menezes
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- CBIOS – Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisboa, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Regina Menezes,
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25
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Liu J, Wang L, Ge L, Sun W, Song Z, Lu X, Jin C, Wu S, Yang J. Lanthanum decreased VAPB-PTPP51, BAP31-FIS1, and MFN2-MFN1 expression of mitochondria-associated membranes and induced abnormal autophagy in rat hippocampus. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 161:112831. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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26
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Abstract
Over the past several decades, research on autophagy, a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, has been advanced by studies in different model organisms, especially in the field of its molecular mechanism and regulation. The malfunction of autophagy is linked to various diseases, among which cancer and neurodegenerative diseases are the major focus. In this review, we cover some other important diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, infectious and inflammatory diseases, and metabolic disorders, as well as rare diseases, with a hope of providing a more complete understanding of the spectrum of autophagy's role in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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27
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Raimundo AF, Ferreira S, Tomás-Barberán FA, Santos CN, Menezes R. Urolithins: Diet-Derived Bioavailable Metabolites to Tackle Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 13:4285. [PMID: 34959837 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes remains one of the leading causes of deaths and co-morbidities in the world, with tremendous human, social and economic costs. Therefore, despite therapeutics and technological advancements, improved strategies to tackle diabetes management are still needed. One of the suggested strategies is the consumption of (poly)phenols. Positive outcomes of dietary (poly)phenols have been pointed out towards different features in diabetes. This is the case of ellagitannins, which are present in numerous foodstuffs such as pomegranate, berries, and nuts. Ellagitannins have been reported to have a multitude of effects on metabolic diseases. However, these compounds have high molecular weight and do not reach circulation at effective concentrations, being metabolized in smaller compounds. After being metabolized into ellagic acid in the small intestine, the colonic microbiota hydrolyzes and metabolizes ellagic acid into dibenzopyran-6-one derivatives, known as urolithins. These low molecular weight compounds reach circulation in considerable concentrations ranging until micromolar levels, capable of reaching target tissues. Different urolithins are formed throughout the metabolization process, but urolithin A, isourolithin A, and urolithin B, and their phase-II metabolites are the most frequent ones. In recent years, urolithins have been the focus of attention in regard to their effects on a multiplicity of chronic diseases, including cancer and diabetes. In this review, we will discuss the latest advances about the protective effects of urolithins on diabetes.
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28
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Abstract
Autophagy, a process of cellular self-digestion, delivers intracellular components including superfluous and dysfunctional proteins and organelles to the lysosome for degradation and recycling and is important to maintain cellular homeostasis. In recent decades, autophagy has been found to help fight against a variety of human diseases, but, at the same time, autophagy can also promote the procession of certain pathologies, which makes the connection between autophagy and diseases complex but interesting. In this review, we summarize the advances in understanding the roles of autophagy in human diseases and the therapeutic methods targeting autophagy and discuss some of the remaining questions in this field, focusing on cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases and metabolic disorders.
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29
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Wang Y, Westermark GT. The Amyloid Forming Peptides Islet Amyloid Polypeptide and Amyloid β Interact at the Molecular Level. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011153. [PMID: 34681811 PMCID: PMC8541034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies support a connection between the two common disorders, type-2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. Both conditions have local amyloid formation in their pathogenesis, and cross-seeding between islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) and amyloid β (Aβ) could constitute the link. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay was used to investigate the occurrence of heterologous interactions between IAPP and Aβ and to compare the potential toxic effects of IAPP/Aβ, IAPP/IAPP, and Aβ/Aβ expression in living cells. Microscopy was used to confirm the fluorescence and determine the lysosomal, mitochondrial areas and mitochondrial membrane potential, and a FACS analysis was used to determine ROS production and the role for autophagy. Drosophila melanogaster expressing IAPP and Aβ was used to study their co-deposition and effects on longevity. We showed that the co-expression of IAPP and Aβ resulted in fluorophore reconstitution to the same extent as determined for homologous IAPP/IAPP or Aβ/Aβ expression. The BiFC(+)/BiFC(−) ratio of lysosomal area calculations increased in transfected cells independent of the vector combinations, while only Aβ/Aβ expression increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Expression combinations containing Aβ were necessary for the formation of a congophilic amyloid. In Drosophila melanogaster expressing IAPP/Aβ, co-deposition of the amyloid-forming peptides caused reduced longevity. The BiFC results confirmed a heterologous interaction between IAPP and Aβ, while co-deposits in the brain of Drosophila suggest mixed amyloid aggregates.
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30
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Korolenko TA, Dubrovina NI, Ovsyukova MV, Bgatova NP, Tenditnik MV, Pupyshev AB, Akopyan AA, Goncharova NV, Lin CL, Zavjalov EL, Tikhonova MA, Amstislavskaya TG. Treatment with Autophagy Inducer Trehalose Alleviates Memory and Behavioral Impairments and Neuroinflammatory Brain Processes in db/db Mice. Cells 2021; 10:2557. [PMID: 34685538 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy attenuation has been found in neurodegenerative diseases, aging, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. In experimental models of neurodegenerative diseases, the correction of autophagy in the brain reverses neuronal and behavioral deficits and hence seems to be a promising therapy for neuropathologies. Our aim was to study the effect of an autophagy inducer, trehalose, on brain autophagy and behavior in a genetic model of diabetes with signs of neuronal damage (db/db mice). A 2% trehalose solution was administered as drinking water during 24 days of the experiment. Expressions of markers of autophagy (LC3-II), neuroinflammation (IBA1), redox state (NOS), and neuronal density (NeuN) in the brain were assessed by immunohistochemical analysis. For behavioral phenotyping, the open field, elevated plus-maze, tail suspension, pre-pulse inhibition, and passive avoidance tests were used. Trehalose caused a slight reduction in increased blood glucose concentration, considerable autophagy activation, and a decrease in the neuroinflammatory response in the brain along with improvements of exploration, locomotor activity, anxiety, depressive-like behavior, and fear learning and memory in db/db mice. Trehalose exerted some beneficial peripheral and systemic effects and partially reversed behavioral alterations in db/db mice. Thus, trehalose as an inducer of mTOR-independent autophagy is effective at alleviating neuronal and behavioral disturbances accompanying experimental diabetes.
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31
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Sun-Wang JL, Yarritu-Gallego A, Ivanova S, Zorzano A. The ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy: self-digestion for metabolic health. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:594-608. [PMID: 34034951 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health challenge. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of T2DM is key to improving current therapies. Loss of protein homeostasis leads to the accumulation of damaged proteins in cells, which results in tissue dysfunction. The elimination of damaged proteins occurs through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy. In this review, we describe the mutual regulation between the UPS and autophagy and the involvement of these two proteolytic systems in metabolic dysregulation, insulin resistance, and T2DM. We propose that alterations in the UPS or autophagy contribute to triggering insulin resistance and the development of T2DM. In addition, these two pathways emerge as promising therapeutic targets for improving insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liang Sun-Wang
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alex Yarritu-Gallego
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saška Ivanova
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain.
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32
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Burillo J, Marqués P, Jiménez B, González-Blanco C, Benito M, Guillén C. Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Mellitus in Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:1236. [PMID: 34069890 PMCID: PMC8157600 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease that is characterized by the appearance of insulin resistance. The term insulin resistance is very wide and could affect different proteins involved in insulin signaling, as well as other mechanisms. In this review, we have analyzed the main molecular mechanisms that could be involved in the connection between type 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration, in general, and more specifically with the appearance of Alzheimer's disease. We have studied, in more detail, the different processes involved, such as inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Burillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Marqués
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Jiménez
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos González-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Benito
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Guillén
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Costes S, Bertrand G, Ravier MA. Mechanisms of Beta-Cell Apoptosis in Type 2 Diabetes-Prone Situations and Potential Protection by GLP-1-Based Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5303. [PMID: 34069914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia secondary to the decline of functional beta-cells and is usually accompanied by a reduced sensitivity to insulin. Whereas altered beta-cell function plays a key role in T2D onset, a decreased beta-cell mass was also reported to contribute to the pathophysiology of this metabolic disease. The decreased beta-cell mass in T2D is, at least in part, attributed to beta-cell apoptosis that is triggered by diabetogenic situations such as amyloid deposits, lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. In this review, we discussed the molecular mechanisms involved in pancreatic beta-cell apoptosis under such diabetes-prone situations. Finally, we considered the molecular signaling pathways recruited by glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapies to potentially protect beta-cells from death under diabetogenic situations.
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Oakes A, Menefee K, Lamba A, Palato LM, Rinauro DJ, Tun A, Jauregui B, Chang K, Nogaj LA, Moffet DA. Nonhuman IAPP Variants Inhibit Human IAPP Aggregation. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:963-971. [PMID: 34365921 PMCID: PMC10712300 DOI: 10.2174/0929866528666210806152706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify naturally occurring variants of IAPP capable of inhibiting the aggregation of human IAPP and protecting living cells from the toxic effects of human IAPP. BACKGROUND The loss of insulin-producing β-cells and the overall progression of type 2 diabetes appears to be linked to the formation of toxic human IAPP (hIAPP, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide, amylin) amyloid in the pancreas. Inhibiting the initial aggregation of hIAPP has the potential to slow, if not stop entirely, the loss of β-cells and halt the progression of the disease. OBJECTIVE To identify and characterize naturally occurring variants of IAPP capable of inhibiting human IAPP aggregation. METHODS Synthetic human IAPP was incubated with synthetic IAPP variants identified from natural sources under conditions known to promote amyloid-based aggregation. To identify IAPP variants capable of inhibiting human IAPP aggregation, Thioflavin T-binding fluorescence, atomic force microscopy, and cell-rescue assays were performed. RESULTS While most IAPP variants showed little to no ability to inhibit human IAPP aggregation, several variants showed some ability to inhibit aggregation, with two variants showing substantial inhibitory potential. CONCLUSION Several naturally occurring IAPP variants capable of inhibiting human IAPP aggregation were identified and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Oakes
- Department of Biology, Mount Saint Mary’s University, Los Angeles, CA 90049, USA
| | - Kate Menefee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Arleen Lamba
- Department of Biology, Mount Saint Mary’s University, Los Angeles, CA 90049, USA
| | - Larry M. Palato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Dillon J. Rinauro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Angela Tun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Betssy Jauregui
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Kevin Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Luiza A. Nogaj
- Department of Biology, Mount Saint Mary’s University, Los Angeles, CA 90049, USA
| | - David A. Moffet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
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