1
|
Zhang X, Xu Y, Zhang W, Yang B, Zhang Y, Jia Z, Huang S, Zhang A, Li S. TRAF1 improves cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via inhibition of inflammation and metabolic disorders. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130423. [PMID: 37419425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe clinical complication with no satisfactory therapies in the clinic. Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) plays a vital role in both inflammation and metabolism. However, the TRAF1 effect in cisplatin induced AKI needs to be evaluated. METHODS We observed the role of TRAF1 in eight-week-old male mice and mouse proximal tubular cells both treated with cisplatin by examining the indicators associated with kidney injury, apoptosis, inflammation, and metabolism. RESULTS TRAF1 expression was decreased in cisplatin-treated mice and mouse proximal tubular cells (mPTCs), suggesting a potential role of TRAF1 in cisplatin-associated kidney injury. TRAF1 overexpression significantly alleviated cisplatin-triggered AKI and renal tubular injury, as demonstrated by reduced serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, as well as the ameliorated histological damage and inhibited upregulation of NGAL and KIM-1. Moreover, the NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine production enhanced by cisplatin were significantly blunted by TRAF1. Meanwhile, the increased number of apoptotic cells and enhanced expression of BAX and cleaved Caspase-3 were markedly decreased by TRAF1 overexpression both in vivo and vitro. Additionally, a significant correction of the metabolic disturbance, including perturbations in energy generation and lipid and amino acid metabolism, was observed in the cisplatin-treated mice kidneys. CONCLUSION TRAF1 overexpression obviously attenuated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, possibly by correcting the impaired metabolism, inhibiting inflammation, and blocking apoptosis in renal tubular cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These observations emphasize the novel mechanisms associated to metabolism and inflammation of TRAF1 in cisplatin-induced kidney injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Zhang
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Bingyu Yang
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Shuzhen Li
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee YG, Yang N, Chun I, Porazzi P, Carturan A, Paruzzo L, Sauter CT, Guruprasad P, Pajarillo R, Ruella M. Apoptosis: a Janus bifrons in T-cell immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e005967. [PMID: 37055217 PMCID: PMC10106075 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer. In particular, immune checkpoint blockade, bispecific antibodies, and adoptive T-cell transfer have yielded unprecedented clinical results in hematological malignancies and solid cancers. While T cell-based immunotherapies have multiple mechanisms of action, their ultimate goal is achieving apoptosis of cancer cells. Unsurprisingly, apoptosis evasion is a key feature of cancer biology. Therefore, enhancing cancer cells' sensitivity to apoptosis represents a key strategy to improve clinical outcomes in cancer immunotherapy. Indeed, cancer cells are characterized by several intrinsic mechanisms to resist apoptosis, in addition to features to promote apoptosis in T cells and evade therapy. However, apoptosis is double-faced: when it occurs in T cells, it represents a critical mechanism of failure for immunotherapies. This review will summarize the recent efforts to enhance T cell-based immunotherapies by increasing apoptosis susceptibility in cancer cells and discuss the role of apoptosis in modulating the survival of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment and potential strategies to overcome this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Gu Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nicholas Yang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Inkook Chun
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patrizia Porazzi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alberto Carturan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Luca Paruzzo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Christopher Tor Sauter
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Puneeth Guruprasad
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Raymone Pajarillo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marco Ruella
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gissler MC, Stachon P, Wolf D, Marchini T. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Associated Factors (TRAFs) in Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:826630. [PMID: 35252400 PMCID: PMC8891542 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.826630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF receptor associated factors (TRAFs) represent a family of cytoplasmic signaling adaptor proteins that regulate, bundle, and transduce inflammatory signals downstream of TNF- (TNF-Rs), interleukin (IL)-1-, Toll-like- (TLRs), and IL-17 receptors. TRAFs play a pivotal role in regulating cell survival and immune cell function and are fundamental regulators of acute and chronic inflammation. Lately, the inhibition of inflammation by anti-cytokine therapy has emerged as novel treatment strategy in patients with atherosclerosis. Likewise, growing evidence from preclinical experiments proposes TRAFs as potent modulators of inflammation in atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation. Yet, TRAFs show a highly complex interplay between different TRAF-family members with partially opposing and overlapping functions that are determined by the level of cellular expression, concomitant signaling events, and the context of the disease. Therefore, inhibition of specific TRAFs may be beneficial in one condition and harmful in others. Here, we carefully discuss the cellular expression and signaling events of TRAFs and evaluate their role in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. We also highlight metabolic effects of TRAFs and discuss the development of TRAF-based therapeutics in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Colin Gissler
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Peter Stachon
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- *Correspondence: Dennis Wolf
| | - Timoteo Marchini
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cannons JL, Villarino AV, Kapnick SM, Preite S, Shih HY, Gomez-Rodriguez J, Kaul Z, Shibata H, Reilley JM, Huang B, Handon R, McBain IT, Gossa S, Wu T, Su HC, McGavern DB, O'Shea JJ, McGuire PJ, Uzel G, Schwartzberg PL. PI3Kδ coordinates transcriptional, chromatin, and metabolic changes to promote effector CD8 + T cells at the expense of central memory. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109804. [PMID: 34644563 PMCID: PMC8582080 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta (PI3Kδ) syndrome (APDS) present with sinopulmonary infections, lymphadenopathy, and cytomegalvirus (CMV) and/or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viremia, yet why patients fail to clear certain chronic viral infections remains incompletely understood. Using patient samples and a mouse model (Pik3cdE1020K/+ mice), we demonstrate that, upon activation, Pik3cdE1020K/+ CD8+ T cells exhibit exaggerated features of effector populations both in vitro and after viral infection that are associated with increased Fas-mediated apoptosis due to sustained FoxO1 phosphorylation and Fasl derepression, enhanced mTORC1 and c-Myc signatures, metabolic perturbations, and an altered chromatin landscape. Conversely, Pik3cdE1020K/+ CD8+ cells fail to sustain expression of proteins critical for central memory, including TCF1. Strikingly, activated Pik3cdE1020K/+ CD8+ cells exhibit altered transcriptional and epigenetic circuits characterized by pronounced interleukin-2 (IL-2)/STAT5 signatures and heightened IL-2 responses that prevent differentiation to memory-like cells in IL-15. Our data position PI3Kδ as integrating multiple signaling nodes that promote CD8+ T cell effector differentiation, providing insight into phenotypes of patients with APDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Cannons
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Alejandro V Villarino
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Senta M Kapnick
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Silvia Preite
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Han-Yu Shih
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Julio Gomez-Rodriguez
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; TCR2 Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Zenia Kaul
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hirofumi Shibata
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Julie M Reilley
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bonnie Huang
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robin Handon
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ian T McBain
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Selamawit Gossa
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tuoqi Wu
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; University of Colorado, Department of Immunology, Denver, CO 80204, USA; Department of Immunology and Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Helen C Su
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dorian B McGavern
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John J O'Shea
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter J McGuire
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gulbu Uzel
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Inhibitory feedback control of NF-κB signalling in health and disease. Biochem J 2021; 478:2619-2664. [PMID: 34269817 PMCID: PMC8286839 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cells must adapt to changes in their environment to maintain cell, tissue and organismal integrity in the face of mechanical, chemical or microbiological stress. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is one of the most important transcription factors that controls inducible gene expression as cells attempt to restore homeostasis. It plays critical roles in the immune system, from acute inflammation to the development of secondary lymphoid organs, and also has roles in cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. Given its role in such critical processes, NF-κB signalling must be subject to strict spatiotemporal control to ensure measured and context-specific cellular responses. Indeed, deregulation of NF-κB signalling can result in debilitating and even lethal inflammation and also underpins some forms of cancer. In this review, we describe the homeostatic feedback mechanisms that limit and ‘re-set’ inducible activation of NF-κB. We first describe the key components of the signalling pathways leading to activation of NF-κB, including the prominent role of protein phosphorylation and protein ubiquitylation, before briefly introducing the key features of feedback control mechanisms. We then describe the array of negative feedback loops targeting different components of the NF-κB signalling cascade including controls at the receptor level, post-receptor signalosome complexes, direct regulation of the critical ‘inhibitor of κB kinases’ (IKKs) and inhibitory feedforward regulation of NF-κB-dependent transcriptional responses. We also review post-transcriptional feedback controls affecting RNA stability and translation. Finally, we describe the deregulation of these feedback controls in human disease and consider how feedback may be a challenge to the efficacy of inhibitors.
Collapse
|
6
|
Peña-Asensio J, Sanz-de-Villalobos E, Miquel J, Larrubia JR. Tumor necrosis family receptor superfamily member 9/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 pathway on hepatitis C viral persistence and natural history. World J Hepatol 2020; 12:754-765. [PMID: 33200014 PMCID: PMC7643212 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i10.754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an excellent immunological model for understanding the mechanisms developed by non-cytopathic viruses and tumors to evade the adaptative immune response. The antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell response is essential for keeping HCV under control, but during persistent infection, these cells become exhausted or even deleted. The exhaustion process is progressive and depends on the infection duration and level of antigenemia. During high antigenic load and long duration of infection, T cells become extremely exhausted and ultimately disappear due to apoptosis. The development of exhaustion involves the impairment of positive co-stimulation induced by regulatory cytokines, such as transforming growth factor beta 1. This cytokine downregulates tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 1 (TRAF1), the signal transducer of the T cell co-stimulatory molecule TNFR superfamily member 9 (known as 4-1BB). This impairment correlates with the low reactivity of T cells and an exhaustion phenotype. Treatment with interleukin-7 in vitro restores TRAF1 expression and rescues T cell effector function. The process of TRAF1 loss and its in vitro recovery is hierarchical, and more affected by severe disease progression. In conclusion, TRAF1 dynamics on T cells define a new pathogenic model that describes some aspects of the natural history of HCV, and sheds light on novel immunotherapy strategies for chronic viral infections and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Peña-Asensio
- Department of Systems Biology, Guadalajara University Hospital. University of Alcalá, Guadalajara E-19002, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Eduardo Sanz-de-Villalobos
- Translational Hepatology Unit, Guadalajara University Hospital, University of Alcalá, Guadalajara E-19002, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Joaquín Miquel
- Translational Hepatology Unit, Guadalajara University Hospital, University of Alcalá, Guadalajara E-19002, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Juan Ramón Larrubia
- Translational Hepatology Unit, Guadalajara University Hospital, University of Alcalá, Guadalajara E-19002, Guadalajara, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arkee T, Bishop GA. TRAF family molecules in T cells: Multiple receptors and functions. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 107:907-915. [PMID: 31749173 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2mr1119-397r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The TNFR superfamily of receptors, the major focus of the recent TNFR Superfamily Conference held in June 2019, employ the TNFR-associated factor (TRAF) family of adaptor proteins in key aspects of their signaling pathways. Although many early studies investigated TRAF functions via exogenous overexpression in nonhematopoietic cell lines, it has subsequently become clear that whereas TRAFs share some overlap in function, each also plays unique biologic roles, that can be highly context dependent. This brief review summarizes the current state of knowledge of functions of each of the TRAF molecules that mediate important functions in T lymphocytes: TRAFs 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6. Due to our current appreciation of the contextual nature of TRAF function, our focus is upon findings made specifically in T lymphocytes. Key T cell functions for each TRAF are detailed, as well as future knowledge gaps of interest and importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Arkee
- Graduate Program in Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gail A Bishop
- Graduate Program in Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Depts. of Microbiology & Immunology and Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Iowa City VA Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu W, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhang K, Wu Y, Jin D. TRAF1 Exacerbates Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury via ASK1-JNK/p38 Signaling. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e012575. [PMID: 31650881 PMCID: PMC6898833 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background After acute myocardial infarction, the recovery of ischemic myocardial blood flow may cause myocardial reperfusion injury, which reduces the efficacy of myocardial reperfusion. Ways to reduce and prevent myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury are of great clinical significance in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction. TRAF1 (tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1) is an important adapter protein that is implicated in molecular events regulating immunity, inflammation, and cell death. Little is known about the role and impact of TRAF1 in myocardial I/R injury. Methods and Results TRAF1 expression is markedly induced in wild-type mice and cardiomyocytes after I/R or hypoxia/reoxygenation stimulation. I/R models were established in TRAF1 knockout mice and wild type mice (n=10 per group). We demonstrated that TRAF1 deficiency protects against myocardial I/R-induced loss of heat function, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte death. In addition, overexpression of TRAF1 in primary cardiomyocytes promotes hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced inflammation and apoptosis in vitro. Mechanistically, TRAF1 promotes myocardial I/R injury through regulating ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1)-mediated JNK/p38 (c-Jun N-terminal kinase/p38) MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) cascades. Conclusions Our results indicated that TRAF1 aggravates the development of myocardial I/R injury by enhancing the activation of ASK1-mediated JNK/p38 cascades. Targeting the TRAF1-ASK1-JNK/p38 pathway provide feasible therapies for cardiac I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weipan Xu
- Department of Cardiology Huangshi Central Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University Edong Healthcare Group Huang Shi China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention Huang Shi China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center for Animal Experiment Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology Huangshi Central Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University Edong Healthcare Group Huang Shi China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Cardiology Huangshi Central Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University Edong Healthcare Group Huang Shi China
| | - Yongbo Wu
- Department of Cardiology Huangshi Central Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University Edong Healthcare Group Huang Shi China
| | - Daoqun Jin
- Department of Cardiology Huangshi Central Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University Edong Healthcare Group Huang Shi China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou AC, Batista NV, Watts TH. 4-1BB Regulates Effector CD8 T Cell Accumulation in the Lung Tissue through a TRAF1-, mTOR-, and Antigen-Dependent Mechanism to Enhance Tissue-Resident Memory T Cell Formation during Respiratory Influenza Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:2482-2492. [PMID: 30867239 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The TNFR superfamily member 4-1BB is important in the establishment of tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm) in the lung tissue following influenza infection. Moreover, supraphysiological boosting of 4-1BB in the airways during the boost phase of a prime-boost immunization regimen increases the long-lived Trm population, correlating with increased protection against heterotypic challenge. However, little is known about how 4-1BB contributes to the establishment of the lung Trm population. In this study, we show that effects of 4-1BB on lung Trm accumulation are already apparent at the effector stage, suggesting that the major role of 4-1BB in Trm formation is to allow persistence of CD8 T effector cells in the lung as they transition to Trm. Using supraphysiological stimulation of 4-1BB in the boost phase of a prime-boost immunization, we show that the effect of 4-1BB on Trm generation requires local delivery of both Ag and costimulation, is inhibited by rapamycin treatment during secondary CD8 effector T cell expansion, and is dependent on the signaling adaptor TRAF1. The decrease in lung Trm following early rapamycin treatment is accompanied by increased circulating memory T cells, as well as fewer effectors, suggesting a role for mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the formation of Trm through effects on the accumulation of effector precursors. Taken together, these data point to an important role for 4-1BB, TRAF1, and mTOR in the persistence of CD8 effector T cells in the lung parenchyma, thereby allowing the transition to Trm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Nathália V Batista
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Tania H Watts
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Edilova MI, Abdul-Sater AA, Watts TH. TRAF1 Signaling in Human Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2969. [PMID: 30619326 PMCID: PMC6305416 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) associated factor 1 (TRAF1) is a signaling adaptor first identified as part of the TNFR2 signaling complex. TRAF1 plays a key role in pro-survival signaling downstream of TNFR superfamily members such as TNFR2, LMP1, 4-1BB, and CD40. Recent studies have uncovered another role for TRAF1, independent of its role in TNFR superfamily signaling, in negatively regulating Toll-like receptor and Nod-like receptor signaling, through sequestering the linear ubiquitin assembly complex, LUBAC. TRAF1 has diverse roles in human disease. TRAF1 is overexpressed in many B cell related cancers and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TRAF1 have been linked to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Genome wide association studies have identified an association between SNPs in the 5' untranslated region of the TRAF1 gene with increased incidence and severity of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. The loss of TRAF1 from chronically stimulated CD8 T cells results in desensitization of the 4-1BB signaling pathway, thereby contributing to T cell exhaustion during chronic infection. These apparently opposing roles of TRAF1 as both a positive and negative regulator of immune signaling have led to some confusion in the literature. Here we review the role of TRAF1 as a positive and negative regulator in different signaling pathways. Then we discuss the role of TRAF1 in human disease, attempting to reconcile seemingly contradictory roles based on current knowledge of TRAF1 signaling and biology. We also discuss avenues for future research to further clarify the impact of TRAF1 in human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Edilova
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ali A Abdul-Sater
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tania H Watts
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zapata JM, Perez-Chacon G, Carr-Baena P, Martinez-Forero I, Azpilikueta A, Otano I, Melero I. CD137 (4-1BB) Signalosome: Complexity Is a Matter of TRAFs. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2618. [PMID: 30524423 PMCID: PMC6262405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD137 (4-1BB, Tnsfr9) is a member of the TNF-receptor (TNFR) superfamily without known intrinsic enzymatic activity in its cytoplasmic domain. Hence, akin to other members of the TNFR family, it relies on the TNFR-Associated-Factor (TRAF) family of adaptor proteins to build the CD137 signalosome for transducing signals into the cell. Thus, upon CD137 activation by binding of CD137L trimers or by crosslinking with agonist monoclonal antibodies, TRAF1, TRAF2, and TRAF3 are readily recruited to the cytoplasmic domain of CD137, likely as homo- and/or heterotrimers with different configurations, initiating the construction of the CD137 signalosome. The formation of TRAF2-RING dimers between TRAF2 molecules from contiguous trimers would help to establish a multimeric structure of TRAF-trimers that is probably essential for CD137 signaling. In addition, available studies have identified a large number of proteins that are recruited to CD137:TRAF complexes including ubiquitin ligases and proteases, kinases, and modulatory proteins. Working in a coordinated fashion, these CD137-signalosomes will ultimately promote CD137-mediated T cell proliferation and survival and will endow T cells with stronger effector functions. Current evidence allows to envision the molecular events that might take place in the early stages of CD137-signalosome formation, underscoring the key roles of TRAFs and of K63 and K48-ubiquitination of target proteins in the signaling process. Understanding the composition and fine regulation of CD137-signalosomes assembly and disassembly will be key to improve the therapeutic activities of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) encompassing the CD137 cytoplasmic domain and a new generation of CD137 agonists for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Zapata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Perez-Chacon
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Carr-Baena
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivan Martinez-Forero
- Departamento de Inmunologia and Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Medica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arantza Azpilikueta
- Departamento de Inmunologia and Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Medica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Itziar Otano
- Departamento de Inmunologia and Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Medica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Departamento de Inmunologia and Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Medica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,MSD, London, United Kingdom.,Departamento de Inmunologia e Inmunoterapia, Clinica Universitaria, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhu S, Jin J, Gokhale S, Lu AM, Shan H, Feng J, Xie P. Genetic Alterations of TRAF Proteins in Human Cancers. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2111. [PMID: 30294322 PMCID: PMC6158389 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R)-associated factor (TRAF) family of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins regulate the signal transduction pathways of a variety of receptors, including the TNF-R superfamily, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), and cytokine receptors. TRAF-dependent signaling pathways participate in a diverse array of important cellular processes, including the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and activation of different cell types. Many of these TRAF-dependent signaling pathways have been implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Here we analyze the current evidence of genetic alterations of TRAF molecules available from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) as well as the published literature, including copy number variations and mutation landscape of TRAFs in various human cancers. Such analyses reveal that both gain- and loss-of-function genetic alterations of different TRAF proteins are commonly present in a number of human cancers. These include pancreatic cancer, meningioma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, bladder cancer, uterine cancer, melanoma, sarcoma, and B cell malignancies, among others. Furthermore, we summarize the key in vivo and in vitro evidence that demonstrates the causal roles of genetic alterations of TRAF proteins in tumorigenesis within different cell types and organs. Taken together, the information presented in this review provides a rationale for the development of therapeutic strategies to manipulate TRAF proteins or TRAF-dependent signaling pathways in different human cancers by precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sining Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Samantha Gokhale
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Angeli M. Lu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Haiyan Shan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Feng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Member, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tang X, Zhang L, Wei W. Roles of TRAFs in NF-κB signaling pathways mediated by BAFF. Immunol Lett 2018; 196:113-118. [PMID: 29378215 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
B cell activating factor (BAFF) is an important cytokine for the maintenance of B cell development, survival and homeostasis. BAFF/BAFF-R could directly activate nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) are key regulatory proteins in NF-κB signaling pathways. TRAF1 enhances the activation of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNF-R2) induced by NF-κB. TRAF2 and TRAF3 signal adapters act cooperatively to control the maturation and survival signals mediated by BAFF receptor. TRAF5 is most homologous to TRAF3, as well as most functionally similar to TRAF2. TRAF6 is also required for the BAFF-mediated activation of NF-κB signal pathway. TRAF7 is involved in signal transduction pathways that lead either to activation or repression of NF-κB transcription factor. In this article, we reviewed the roles of TRAFs in NF-κB signaling pathway mediated by BAFF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Education, Ministry of China, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Education, Ministry of China, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Education, Ministry of China, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
According to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection Stage, Interleukin-7 Plus 4-1BB Triggering Alone or Combined with PD-1 Blockade Increases TRAF1 low HCV-Specific CD8 + Cell Reactivity. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.01443-17. [PMID: 29093082 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01443-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific CD8+ T cells suffer a progressive exhaustion during persistent infection (PI) with HCV. This process could involve the positive immune checkpoint 4-1BB/4-1BBL through the loss of its signal transducer, TRAF1. To address this issue, peripheral HCV-specific CD8+ T cells (pentamer-positive [pentamer+]/CD8+ T cells) from patients with PI and resolved infection (RI) after treatment were studied. The duration of HCV infection and the liver fibrosis progression rate inversely correlated with the likelihood of detection of peripheral pentamer+/CD8+ cells. In PI, pentamer+/CD8+ cells had impaired antigen-specific reactivity that worsened when these cells were not detectable ex vivo Short/midduration PI was characterized by detectable peripheral PD-1+ CD127low TRAF1low cells. After triggering of T cell receptors (TCR), the TRAF1 level positively correlated with the levels of CD127, Mcl-1, and CD107a expression and proliferation intensity but negatively with PD-1 expression, linking TRAF1low to exhaustion. In vitro treatment with interleukin-7 (IL-7) upregulated TRAF1 expression, while treatment with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) did the opposite, suggesting that the IL-7/TGF-β1 balance, besides TCR stimulation, could be involved in TRAF1 regulation. In fact, the serum TGF-β1 concentration was higher in patients with PI than in patients with RI, and it negatively correlated with TRAF1 expression. In line with IL-7 increasing the level of TRAF1 expression, IL-7 plus 4-1BBL treatment in vitro enhanced T cell reactivity in patients with short/midduration infection. However, in patients with long-lasting PI, anti-PD-L1, in addition to the combination of IL-7 and 4-1BBL, was necessary to reestablish T cell proliferation in individuals with slowly progressing liver fibrosis (slow fibrosers) but had no effect in rapid fibrosers. In conclusion, a peripheral hyporeactive TRAF1low HCV-specific CD8+ T cell response, restorable by IL-7 plus 4-1BBL treatment, characterizes short/midduration PI. In long-lasting disease, HCV-specific CD8+ T cells are rarely detectable ex vivo, but treatment with IL-7, 4-1BBL, and anti-PD-L1 recovers their reactivity in vitro in slow fibrosers.IMPORTANCE Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects 71 million people worldwide. Two-thirds develop a chronic disease that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Direct-acting antivirals clear the infection, but there are still patients who relapse. In these cases, additional immunotherapy could play a vital role. A successful anti-HCV immune response depends on virus-specific CD8+ T cells. During chronic infection, these cells are functionally impaired, which could be due to the failure of costimulation. This study describes exhausted specific T cells, characterized by low levels of expression of the signal transducer TRAF1 of the positive costimulatory pathway 4-1BB/4-1BBL. IL-7 upregulated TRAF1 expression and improved T cell reactivity in patients with short/midduration disease, while in patients with long-lasting infection, it was also necessary to block the negative PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint. When the results are taken together, this work supports novel ways of restoring the specific CD8+ T cell response, shedding light on the importance of TRAF1 signaling. This could be a promising target for future immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhu S, Jin J, Gokhale S, Lu AM, Shan H, Feng J, Xie P. Genetic Alterations of TRAF Proteins in Human Cancers. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 30294322 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02111/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R)-associated factor (TRAF) family of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins regulate the signal transduction pathways of a variety of receptors, including the TNF-R superfamily, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), and cytokine receptors. TRAF-dependent signaling pathways participate in a diverse array of important cellular processes, including the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and activation of different cell types. Many of these TRAF-dependent signaling pathways have been implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Here we analyze the current evidence of genetic alterations of TRAF molecules available from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) as well as the published literature, including copy number variations and mutation landscape of TRAFs in various human cancers. Such analyses reveal that both gain- and loss-of-function genetic alterations of different TRAF proteins are commonly present in a number of human cancers. These include pancreatic cancer, meningioma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, bladder cancer, uterine cancer, melanoma, sarcoma, and B cell malignancies, among others. Furthermore, we summarize the key in vivo and in vitro evidence that demonstrates the causal roles of genetic alterations of TRAF proteins in tumorigenesis within different cell types and organs. Taken together, the information presented in this review provides a rationale for the development of therapeutic strategies to manipulate TRAF proteins or TRAF-dependent signaling pathways in different human cancers by precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sining Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Samantha Gokhale
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Angeli M Lu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Haiyan Shan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Feng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Member, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang C, Edilova MI, Wagar LE, Mujib S, Singer M, Bernard NF, Croughs T, Lederman MM, Sereti I, Fischl MA, Kremmer E, Ostrowski M, Routy JP, Watts TH. Effect of IL-7 Therapy on Phospho-Ribosomal Protein S6 and TRAF1 Expression in HIV-Specific CD8 T Cells in Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:558-564. [PMID: 29222166 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
IL-7 therapy has been evaluated in patients who do not regain normal CD4 T cell counts after virologically successful antiretroviral therapy. IL-7 increases total circulating CD4 and CD8 T cell counts; however, its effect on HIV-specific CD8 T cells has not been fully examined. TRAF1, a prosurvival signaling adaptor required for 4-1BB-mediated costimulation, is lost from chronically stimulated virus-specific CD8 T cells with progression of HIV infection in humans and during chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis infection in mice. Previous results showed that IL-7 can restore TRAF1 expression in virus-specific CD8 T cells in mice, rendering them sensitive to anti-4-1BB agonist therapy. In this article, we show that IL-7 therapy in humans increases the number of circulating HIV-specific CD8 T cells. For a subset of patients, we also observed an increased frequency of TRAF1+ HIV-specific CD8 T cells 10 wk after completion of IL-7 treatment. IL-7 treatment increased levels of phospho-ribosomal protein S6 in HIV-specific CD8 T cells, suggesting increased activation of the metabolic checkpoint kinase mTORC1. Thus, IL-7 therapy in antiretroviral therapy-treated patients induces sustained changes in the number and phenotype of HIV-specific T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Maria I Edilova
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lisa E Wagar
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shariq Mujib
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | - Nicole F Bernard
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, Division of Clinical Immunology, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Thérèse Croughs
- Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Michael M Lederman
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Irini Sereti
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Margaret A Fischl
- Miami Center for AIDS Research, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Elisabeth Kremmer
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Mario Ostrowski
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B1W8, Canada; and
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Division of Hematology and Immunodeficiency Service, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Tania H Watts
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou AC, Wagar LE, Wortzman ME, Watts TH. Intrinsic 4-1BB signals are indispensable for the establishment of an influenza-specific tissue-resident memory CD8 T-cell population in the lung. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:1294-1309. [PMID: 28051085 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2016.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The induction of long-lived heterotypic T-cell protection against influenza virus remains elusive, despite the conservation of T-cell epitopes. T-cell protection against influenza is critically dependent on lung-resident memory T cells (Trm). Here we show that intranasal administration of 4-1BBL along with influenza nucleoprotein in a replication-defective adenovirus vector to influenza pre-immune mice induces a remarkably stable circulating effector memory CD8 T-cell population characterized by higher IL-7Rα expression than control-boosted T cells, as well as a substantial lung parenchymal CD69+ CD8 Trm population, including both CD103+ and CD103- cells. These T-cell responses persist to greater than 200 days post-boost and protect against lethal influenza challenge in aged (year old) mice. The expansion of the nucleoprotein-specific CD8 Trm population during boosting involves recruitment of circulating antigen-specific cells and is critically dependent on local rather than systemic administration of 4-1BBL as well as on 4-1BB on the CD8 T cells. Moreover, during primary influenza infection of mixed bone marrow chimeras, 4-1BB-deficient T cells fail to contribute to the lung-resident Trm population. These findings establish both endogenous and supraphysiological 4-1BBL as a critical regulator of lung-resident memory CD8 T cells during influenza infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A C Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L E Wagar
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M E Wortzman
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T H Watts
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang F, Qu N, Peng J, Yue C, Yuan L, Yuan Y. CagA promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of GES-1 cells by upregulating TRAF1/4-1BB. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1262-1268. [PMID: 28627614 PMCID: PMC5561785 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) is one of the most important virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori, and serves a role in H. pylori‑mediated tumorigenesis in gastric cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of CagA on the proliferation and apoptosis of GES‑1 cells, and the underlying mechanism. A CagA eukaryotic expression plasmid was constructed and transfected into GES‑1 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of CagA, tumor necrosis factor receptor‑associated factor 1 (TRAF1) and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (4‑1BB) were determined using the reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Western blot and ELISA analysis was used to detect the release of interleukin (IL)‑8. An MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis was used to assess cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Ectopic expression of CagA markedly increased TRAF1 and 4‑1BB mRNA and protein levels in GES‑1 cells. CagA increased the expression and release of IL‑8 in GES‑1 cells. The expression of CagA significantly promoted the proliferation (P<0.05) and inhibited the apoptosis (P<0.05) of GES‑1 cells. In conclusion, CagA upregulated TRAF1/4‑1BB, thereby promoting the proliferation and inhibiting the apoptosis of GES-1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Nanfang Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Chun Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Lingzhi Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-1 (TRAF-1) expression is increased in renal cell carcinoma patient serum but decreased in cancer tissue compared with normal: potential biomarker significance. Pathology 2016; 46:518-22. [PMID: 25158810 DOI: 10.1097/pat.0000000000000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) generally has a poor prognosis because of late diagnosis and metastasis. We have previously described decreased tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-1 (TRAF-1) in RCC compared with paired normal kidney in a patient cohort in Australia. In the present study, TRAF-1 expression in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) and normal kidney was again compared, but in a cohort from University Malaya Medical Centre. Serum TRAF-1 was also evaluated in RCC and normal samples.Immunohistochemistry with automated batch staining and Aperio ImageScope morphometry was used to compare TRAF-1 in 61 ccRCC with paired normal kidney tissue. Serum from 15 newly diagnosed and untreated ccRCC and 15 healthy people was tested for TRAF-1 using ELISA.In this cohort, TRAF-1 was highly expressed in proximal tubular epithelium of normal kidney, and significantly decreased in ccRCC tissue (p < 0.001). Conversely, TRAF-1 in serum from ccRCC patients was significantly increased over control serum (132 ± 30 versus 54 ± 14 pg/mL, respectively; p = 0.013).Decreased TRAF-1 in RCC tissue, reported previously, was confirmed. This, along with significantly increased serum TRAF-1 may indicate the protein is actively secreted during development and progression of ccRCC. Therefore, the increased serum TRAF-1 may be a useful non-invasive indicator of RCC development.
Collapse
|
20
|
The signaling adaptor TRAF1 negatively regulates Toll-like receptor signaling and this underlies its role in rheumatic disease. Nat Immunol 2016; 18:26-35. [PMID: 27893701 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
TRAF1 is a signaling adaptor known for its role in tumor necrosis factor receptor-induced cell survival. Here we show that monocytes from healthy human subjects with a rheumatoid arthritis-associated single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the TRAF1 gene express less TRAF1 protein but greater amounts of inflammatory cytokines in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The TRAF1 MATH domain binds directly to three components of the linear ubiquitination (LUBAC) complex, SHARPIN, HOIP and HOIL-1, to interfere with the recruitment and linear ubiquitination of NEMO. This results in decreased NF-κB activation and cytokine production, independently of tumor necrosis factor. Consistent with this, Traf1-/- mice show increased susceptibility to LPS-induced septic shock. These findings reveal an unexpected role for TRAF1 in negatively regulating Toll-like receptor signaling, providing a mechanistic explanation for the increased inflammation seen with a disease-associated TRAF1 SNP.
Collapse
|
21
|
Association of the polymorphisms of TRAF1 (rs10818488) and TNFAIP3 (rs2230926) with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus and their relationship to disease activity among Egyptian patients. Cent Eur J Immunol 2016; 41:165-75. [PMID: 27536202 PMCID: PMC4967658 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2016.60991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study Recent studies demonstrated the association of tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) (rs2230926) and tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 1 (TRAF1) (rs10818488) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in different populations. We aimed at determining whether they confer susceptibility to SLE and RA in Egyptian population and if there is any relation to disease activity and auto-antibodies profile. Material and methods A case-control study involving 105 individuals with RA, 90 with SLE and 75 healthy controls was performed using TaqMan genotyping assay for two SNPs that showed the best evidence of association in the previous Caucasian studies. Results We detected significant differences in G allele frequency of TNFAIP3 (rs2230926) with SLE (p = 0.017*) and RA (OR = 2.333; 95% CI: 1.103-4.935, p = 0.023*) and association with RA disease activity (< 0.001). The A allele of TRAF1 was significantly increased in RA compared to controls(p = 0.049) and with RA activity (p = 0.001), while TRAF1 polymorphism did not exhibit any significant difference in the frequencies of genotypes or alleles in SLE and control (p = 0.280). Conclusions TNFAIP3 is a susceptibility gene to SLE and RA in the Egyptian population and is correlated to disease activity and the presence of autoantibodies while TRAF1 polymorphisms increase the risk of RA but not to SLE in Egyptian populations.
Collapse
|
22
|
Liang Y, Meng S, Zhang JA, Zhu YF, Li C, Yang XJ, Jiang WJ, He ST, Xu J. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) polymorphisms and susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid disease. Autoimmunity 2015; 49:84-9. [PMID: 26699338 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2015.1124423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Former studies have revealed the link between the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) polymorphisms and autoimmunity. In the present study, we took an opportunity to investigate the association between TRAF1 and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) in order to find a new susceptibility gene. A total of 1029 AITD patients [677 Graves' disease (GD) patients and 352 Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) patients] and 899 controls were enrolled. We used matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF-MS) to detect the polymorphisms of rs4836834, rs10760130, rs10818488, rs2239658, rs2900180. We also explored the association between polymorphisms and clinical subphenotypes. Genotype frequencies of the five loci in all AITD patients were significantly different from those of controls. Genotype frequencies of rs10760130, rs2239658 and rs2900180 in GD patients were significantly different from controls. Allele analysis found that T allele of rs4836834, G allele of rs10760130, A allele of rs10818488, T allele of rs2239658 and T allele of rs2900180 were significantly higher in GD and AITD patients. No significant differences were found between HT patients and controls. Haplotype analysis found three haplotypes including ACAGC, TTGAT and TCGAC. ACAGC frequencies were significantly lower in GD and HT patients. However, TTGAT frequency was only significantly higher in GD patients. No significant results were found between polymorphisms and clinical subphenotypes. Our study reveals TRAF1 as a susceptibility gene of AITD in Chinese Han population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- a Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , China and
| | - Shuai Meng
- b Department of Endocrinology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jin-an Zhang
- b Department of Endocrinology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yuan-feng Zhu
- a Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , China and
| | - Cui Li
- a Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , China and
| | - Xiang-ju Yang
- a Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , China and
| | - Wen-juan Jiang
- b Department of Endocrinology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Shuang-tao He
- b Department of Endocrinology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jian Xu
- b Department of Endocrinology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sionov RV, Vlahopoulos SA, Granot Z. Regulation of Bim in Health and Disease. Oncotarget 2015; 6:23058-134. [PMID: 26405162 PMCID: PMC4695108 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The BH3-only Bim protein is a major determinant for initiating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Tight regulation of its expression and activity at the transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels together with the induction of alternatively spliced isoforms with different pro-apoptotic potential, ensure timely activation of Bim. Under physiological conditions, Bim is essential for shaping immune responses where its absence promotes autoimmunity, while too early Bim induction eliminates cytotoxic T cells prematurely, resulting in chronic inflammation and tumor progression. Enhanced Bim induction in neurons causes neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. Moreover, type I diabetes is promoted by genetically predisposed elevation of Bim in β-cells. On the contrary, cancer cells have developed mechanisms that suppress Bim expression necessary for tumor progression and metastasis. This review focuses on the intricate network regulating Bim activity and its involvement in physiological and pathophysiological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Spiros A. Vlahopoulos
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, Horemeio Research Laboratory, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Zvi Granot
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Giardino Torchia ML, Munitic I, Castro E, Herz J, McGavern DB, Ashwell JD. c-IAP ubiquitin protein ligase activity is required for 4-1BB signaling and CD8(+) memory T-cell survival. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:2672-82. [PMID: 26096449 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201445342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (c-IAP) 1 and 2 are widely expressed ubiquitin protein ligases that regulate a variety of cellular functions, including the sensitivity of T cells to costimulation. 4-1BB is a TNF receptor family member that signals via a complex that includes TRAF family members and the c-IAPs to upregulate NF-κB and ERK, and has been implicated in memory T-cell survival. Here, we show that effector and memory T cells from mice expressing a dominant negative E3-inactive c-IAP2 (c-IAP2(H570A)) have impaired signaling downstream of 4-1BB. When infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, unlike mice in which c-IAPs were acutely downregulated by c-IAP antagonists, the primary response of c-IAP2(H570A) mice was normal. However, the number of antigen-specific CD8(+) but not CD4(+) T cells declined more rapidly and to a greater extent in c-IAP2(H570A) mice than in WT controls. Studies with T-cell adoptive transfer demonstrated that the enhanced decay of memory cells was T-cell intrinsic. Thus, c-IAP E3 activity is required for 4-1BB coreceptor signaling and maintenance of CD8(+) T-cell memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana Munitic
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ehydel Castro
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jasmin Herz
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dorian B McGavern
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan D Ashwell
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
So T, Nagashima H, Ishii N. TNF Receptor-Associated Factor (TRAF) Signaling Network in CD4 + T-Lymphocytes. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2015; 236:139-54. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.236.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori So
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroyuki Nagashima
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Naoto Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gibbons RM, Liu X, Pulko V, Harrington SM, Krco CJ, Kwon ED, Dong H. B7-H1 limits the entry of effector CD8(+) T cells to the memory pool by upregulating Bim. Oncoimmunology 2014; 1:1061-1073. [PMID: 23170254 PMCID: PMC3494620 DOI: 10.4161/onci.20850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Protective T‑cell immunity against cancer and infections is dependent on the generation of a durable effector and memory T‑cell pool. Studies from cancer and chronic infections reveal that B7-H1 (PD-L1) engagement with its receptor PD-1 promotes apoptosis of effector T cells. It is not clear how B7-H1 regulates T‑cell apoptosis and the subsequent impact of B7-H1 on the generation of memory T cells. In immunized B7-H1-deficient mice, we detected an increased expansion of effector CD8+ T cells and a delayed T‑cell contraction followed by the emergence of a protective CD8+ T‑cell memory capable of completely rejecting tumor metastases in the lung. Intracellular staining revealed that antigen-primed CD8+ T cells in B7-H1-deficient mice express lower levels of the pro-apoptotic molecule Bim. The engagement of activated CD8+ T cells by a plate-bound B7-H1 fusion protein led to the upregulation of Bim and increased cell death. Assays based on blocking antibodies determined that both PD-1 and CD80 are involved in the B7-H1-mediated regulation of Bim in activated CD8+ T cells. Our results suggest that B7-H1 may negatively regulate CD8+ T‑cell memory by enhancing the depletion of effector CD8+ T cells through the upregulation of Bim. Our findings may provide a new strategy for targeting B7-H1 signaling in effector CD8+ T cells to achieve protective antitumor memory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Gibbons
- Department of Immunology; College of Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester, MN USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Patient samples of renal cell carcinoma show reduced expression of TRAF1 compared with normal kidney and functional studies in vitro indicate TRAF1 promotes apoptosis: potential for targeted therapy. Pathology 2014; 44:453-9. [PMID: 22810054 DOI: 10.1097/pat.0b013e3283557748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor (TRAF) family of proteins links the TNF receptor superfamily to cell signalling cascades. TRAF1 is involved in regulation of apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation and stress responses. It has a role in development of several malignancies, but no information for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is available. METHODS Expression profiles for TRAF1 were investigated in 121 samples of human RCC of various subtypes plus paired normal kidney prepared in tissue microarrays, in comparison with apoptosis (morphology, ApopTag) and mitosis (morphology, proliferating cell nuclear antigen/PCNA). TRAF1 function was tested in vitro in RCC ACHN cells. TRAF1 short interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to inhibit expression of TRAF1 in ACHN cells untreated or treated with cancer therapies known to induce apoptosis (20 Gy X-irradiation and/or 500 IU/mL interferon-alpha). RESULTS In patient samples, TRAF1 localised to proximal tubular epithelium in normal kidney and was significantly decreased in clear cell RCC as one group (p < 0.01) and all other RCC subclassifications grouped together (p < 0.05). There was little apoptosis identified in any RCC samples. In vitro, TRAF1 siRNA caused significant reduction in TRAF1 expression and a concurrent decrease in apoptosis and increase in proliferative activity (both p < 0.05) in the ACHN RCC cells treated with radiation and interferon-alpha. CONCLUSION TRAF1 may have a pro-apoptotic, anti-mitotic role in RCC. The low TRAF1 expression in untreated RCC patient samples compared with normal kidney, and the localisation of TRAF1 to the proximal tubular epithelium from which many RCC originate, may indicate a potential for targeted therapy in RCC.
Collapse
|
28
|
Cippà PE, Gabriel SS, Kraus AK, Chen J, Wekerle T, Guimezanes A, Wüthrich RP, Fehr T. Bcl-2 inhibition to overcome memory cell barriers in transplantation. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:333-42. [PMID: 24472193 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Memory T cells (Tm) represent a major barrier for immunosuppression and tolerance induction after solid organ transplantation. Taking into consideration the critical role of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in the generation and maintenance of Tm, we developed a new concept to deplete alloreactive Tm by targeting Bcl-2 proteins. The small-molecule Bcl-2/Bcl-XL inhibitor ABT-737 efficiently induced apoptosis in alloreactive Tm in vitro and in vivo and prolonged skin graft survival in sensitized recipients. A short course of ABT-737 induction therapy prevented Tm-mediated resistance in a donor-specific transfusion model and allowed mixed chimerism induction across Tm barriers. Since Bcl-2 inhibitors yielded encouraging safety results in cancer trials, this novel approach might represent a substantial advance to prevent allograft rejection and induce tolerance in sensitized recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P E Cippà
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Roles for TNF-receptor associated factor 3 (TRAF3) in lymphocyte functions. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2013; 25:147-56. [PMID: 24433987 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
TRAF3 is an adapter protein that serves and regulates the functions of several types of receptors, located both inside the cell and at the plasma membrane. These include members of the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFR-SF), toll-like receptors (TLR), and cytokine receptors. It has become increasingly evident that the roles and functions of TRAF3 are highly context-dependent. TRAF3 can serve distinct roles for different receptors in the same cell, and also has highly cell-type-dependent functions. This review focuses upon the current state of knowledge regarding how TRAF3 regulates the biology and effector functions of B and T lymphocytes, two major cell types of the adaptive immune response in which TRAF3 has markedly distinct roles.
Collapse
|
30
|
Hauser AE. [Stromal cells as coordinators of adaptive immune response and immunological memory]. Z Rheumatol 2013; 72:986-92. [PMID: 24337201 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-012-1031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Greek term stroma literally means in translation mattress, covering or bed. In the medical context this describes the connective tissue framework of an organ which is composed of the stromal cells and the extracellular matrix components which are produced by these cells. According to the original definition stromal cells have a non-hematopoietic origin and adherently grow in cell culture. Nowadays the term is used to cover a heterogeneous group of connective tissue cells of mesenchymal origin which includes fibroblasts, reticular stromal cells and endothelial cells as well as tissue-specific connective tissue cells, such as osteoblasts and adipocytes. Because the stromal cells in the various tissues are very different with respect to morphology and functional characteristics, the manifold aspects of the individual stromal cell populations are now just beginning to be understood. This article presents a summary of new knowledge on the various functions of stromal cells in the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A E Hauser
- Immundynamik und Intravitalmikroskopie, Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), ein Institut der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft , Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Stemness of T cells and the hematopoietic stem cells: fate, memory, niche, cytokines. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2013; 24:485-501. [PMID: 24231048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are able to generate both cells that differentiate and cells that remain undifferentiated but potentially have the same developmental program. The prolonged duration of the protective immune memory for infectious diseases such as polio, small pox, and measles, suggested that memory T cells may have stem cell properties. Understanding the molecular basis for the life-long persistence of memory T cells may be useful to project targeted therapies for immune deficiencies and infectious diseases and to formulate vaccines. In the last decade evidence from different laboratories shows that memory T cells may share self-renewal pathways with bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells. In stem cells the intrinsic self-renewal activity, which depends on gene expression, is known to be modulated by extrinsic signals from the environment that may be tissue specific. These extrinsic signals for stemness of memory T cells include cytokines such as IL-7 and IL-15 and there are other cytokine signals for maintaining the cytokine signature (TH1, TH2, etc.) of memory T cells. Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways that might be common to bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and memory T lymphocytes are discussed and related to self-renewal functions.
Collapse
|
32
|
Wortzman ME, Clouthier DL, McPherson AJ, Lin GHY, Watts TH. The contextual role of TNFR family members in CD8+T-cell control of viral infections. Immunol Rev 2013; 255:125-48. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Derek L. Clouthier
- The Department of Immunology; University of Toronto; Toronto; ON; Canada
| | - Ann J. McPherson
- The Department of Immunology; University of Toronto; Toronto; ON; Canada
| | - Gloria H. Y. Lin
- The Department of Immunology; University of Toronto; Toronto; ON; Canada
| | - Tania H. Watts
- The Department of Immunology; University of Toronto; Toronto; ON; Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R)-associated factor (TRAF) family of intracellular proteins were originally identified as signaling adaptors that bind directly to the cytoplasmic regions of receptors of the TNF-R superfamily. The past decade has witnessed rapid expansion of receptor families identified to employ TRAFs for signaling. These include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), T cell receptor, IL-1 receptor family, IL-17 receptors, IFN receptors and TGFβ receptors. In addition to their role as adaptor proteins, most TRAFs also act as E3 ubiquitin ligases to activate downstream signaling events. TRAF-dependent signaling pathways typically lead to the activation of nuclear factor-κBs (NF-κBs), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), or interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs). Compelling evidence obtained from germ-line and cell-specific TRAF-deficient mice demonstrates that each TRAF plays indispensable and non-redundant physiological roles, regulating innate and adaptive immunity, embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, stress response, and bone metabolism. Notably, mounting evidence implicates TRAFs in the pathogenesis of human diseases such as cancers and autoimmune diseases, which has sparked new appreciation and interest in TRAF research. This review presents an overview of the current knowledge of TRAFs, with an emphasis on recent findings concerning TRAF molecules in signaling and in human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Nelson Labs Room B336, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Larrubia JR, Lokhande MU, García-Garzón S, Miquel J, Subirá D, Sanz-de-Villalobos E. Role of T cell death in maintaining immune tolerance during persistent viral hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:1877-1889. [PMID: 23569333 PMCID: PMC3613103 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i12.1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus-specific T cells play an important role in the resolution of hepatic infection. However, during chronic hepatitis infection these cells lack their effector functions and fail to control the virus. Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus have developed several mechanisms to generate immune tolerance. One of these strategies is the depletion of virus-specific T cells by apoptosis. The immunotolerogenic liver has unique property to retain and activate naïve T cell to avoid the over reactivation of immune response against antigens which is exploited by hepatotropic viruses to persist. The deletion of the virus-specific T cells occurs by intrinsic (passive) apoptotic mechanism. The pro-apoptotic molecule Bcl-2 interacting mediator (Bim) has attracted increasing attention as a pivotal involvement in apoptosis, as a regulator of tissue homeostasis and an enhancer for the viral persistence. Here, we reviewed our current knowledge on the evidence showing critical role of Bim in viral-specific T cell death by apoptotic pathways and helps in the immune tolerance.
Collapse
|
35
|
Xu K, Peng H, Zhou M, Wang W, Li R, Zhu KK, Zhang M, Wen PF, Pan HF, Ye DQ. Association study of TRAF1/C5 polymorphism (rs10818488) with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: A meta-analysis. Gene 2013; 517:46-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
36
|
Sabbagh L, Andreeva D, Laramée GD, Oussa NAE, Lew D, Bisson N, Soumounou Y, Pawson T, Watts TH. Leukocyte-specific protein 1 links TNF receptor-associated factor 1 to survival signaling downstream of 4-1BB in T cells. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 93:713-21. [PMID: 23446150 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1112579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
4-1BB is a member of the TNFR superfamily, which contributes to the activation of signaling pathways required for the survival of activated and memory T cells. We have shown previously that TRAF1, an adaptor protein recruited to 4-1BB, is required for 4-1BB-mediated CD8 T cell survival in vivo. With the use of a proteomics approach in primary T cells, we have identified LSP1 as a novel protein recruited to the 4-1BB signaling complex in a TRAF1-dependent manner. Further characterization of the interaction between TRAF1 and LSP1 revealed that LSP1 requires the TRAF-N domain of TRAF1 for direct association. Similarly to TRAF1(-/-) T cells, LSP1(-/-) T cells exhibit impaired ERK activation following stimulation through 4-1BB and consequently, are unable to down-modulate expression of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Bim. Moreover, we demonstrate that the absence of LSP1 expression leads to defective expansion and survival of T cells in response to 4-1BB stimulation. Thus, we have identified LSP1 as a new mediator involved in 4-1BB signaling and T cell survival. Collectively, our work shows that TRAF1 and LSP1 cooperate downstream of 4-1BB to activate ERK signaling and down-modulate the levels of Bim leading to enhanced T cell survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Sabbagh
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Oussa NAE, Soumounou Y, Sabbagh L. TRAF1 phosphorylation on Serine 139 modulates NF-κB activity downstream of 4-1BB in T cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 432:129-34. [PMID: 23376065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptor-associated factor-1 (TRAF1) adaptor protein is a key component in initiating intracellular signalling pathways downstream of TNF receptors (TNFR). More importantly, TRAF1 has a pattern of expression restricted primarily to lymphoid cells and plays an important role in lymphocyte survival. TRAF1 has been shown to be phosphorylated on Serine 139, consequently inhibiting NF-κB activation downstream of TNFR2 when expressed in HeLa cells. We have previously demonstrated that TRAF1 cooperates with the TNFR family member 4-1BB to mediate signalling in T cells. However, the impact of TRAF1 phosphorylation on events downstream of 4-1BB in T cells remained to be defined. Using a proteomics approach we demonstrate that TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) preferentially associates with the TRAF1 Serine 139 to Alanine (S139A) mutant. TBK1 is a kinase that functions upstream of NIK and IKK in the activation of the NF-κB pathway. When TRAF1-deficient CD8 T cells were reconstituted with the TRAF1 S139A mutant, we observed more sustained levels of IκBα degradation in response to 4-1BB stimulation in contrast to cells expressing either TRAF1 wild-type or TRAF1 S139D phospho-mimetic mutant. Together, these findings define the importance of the basal phosphorylation state of the TRAF1 Serine 139 residue in coordinating signalling events downstream of 4-1BB in primary T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N A Eustache Oussa
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, 5415 l'Assomption Boulevard, Montreal, QC, Canada H1T 2M4
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cheng T, Choi Y, Finkel TH, Tsao PY, Ji MQ, Eisenberg RA. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 influences KRN/I-Ag7 mouse arthritis autoantibody production. J Clin Immunol 2013; 33:759-66. [PMID: 23354839 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-013-9866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, genomewide association analysis has revealed that the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated factor 1-Complement 5 (TRAF1-C5) containing locus on chromosome 9 was associated with an increased risk for RA. Studies in model systems suggested that either gain- or loss-of-function TRAF1 mutations have immune effects that could plausibly lead to or exacerbate the arthritis phenotype. KRN/I-A(g7) (KxB/N) is a genetic mouse model of inflammatory arthritis. We aimed to assess the impact of TRAF1 deficiency on KRN/I-A(g7) mice. METHODS We have bred KRN/I-A(g7) mice onto a TRAF1-deficient background and followed cohorts for the spontaneous appearance of arthritis. We have also transferred KxB/N serum to B6.I-A(g7) TRAF1KO recipients. In addition, systemic autoimmunity was induced through cGVH by injecting bm12 splenocytes into TRAF1KO recipient mice. RESULTS TRAF1-deficient KRN/I-A(g7) mice spontaneously developed severe, progressive arthritis, comparable to that seen in TRAF1-intact KRN/I-A(g7) mice. However, the anti-GPI antibody titer was significantly lower in the former group. Interestingly, the TRAF1KO mice that had background levels of anti-GPI antibodies still showed severe arthritis, although with a brief delay compared to TRAF1 sufficient mice. In addition, TRAF1KO mice were fully susceptible to passive, serum transfer experiments. In another model of autoimmunity, TRAF1KO had no effect on cGVH autoantibodies production; nor was the response to an exogenous antigen impaired. CONCLUSION The pathogenesis of spontaneous KRN/I-A(g7) arthritis can largely proceed by TRAF1-independent pathways. The production of anti-GPI autoantibody, but not other autoantibody or antibody responses, was markedly impaired by TRAF1 deficiency. The spontaneous arthritis model in KRN mice appears to be much less antibody dependent than previously believed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wensveen FM, Klarenbeek PL, van Gisbergen KPJM, Pascutti MF, Derks IAM, van Schaik BDC, Ten Brinke A, de Vries N, Cekinovic D, Jonjic S, van Lier RAW, Eldering E. Pro-apoptotic protein Noxa regulates memory T cell population size and protects against lethal immunopathology. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 190:1180-91. [PMID: 23277490 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Memory T cells form a highly specific defense layer against reinfection with previously encountered pathogens. In addition, memory T cells provide protection against pathogens that are similar, but not identical to the original infectious agent. This is because each T cell response harbors multiple clones with slightly different affinities, thereby creating T cell memory with a certain degree of diversity. Currently, the mechanisms that control size, diversity, and cross-reactivity of the memory T cell pool are incompletely defined. Previously, we established a role for apoptosis, mediated by the BH3-only protein Noxa, in controlling diversity of the effector T cell population. This function might positively or negatively impact T cell memory in terms of function, pool size, and cross-reactivity during recall responses. Therefore, we investigated the role of Noxa in T cell memory during acute and chronic infections. Upon influenza infection, Noxa(-/-) mice generate a memory compartment of increased size and clonal diversity. Reinfection resulted in an increased recall response, whereas cross-reactive responses were impaired. Chronic infection of Noxa(-/-) mice with mouse CMV resulted in enhanced memory cell inflation, but no obvious pathology. In contrast, in a model of continuous, high-level T cell activation, reduced apoptosis of activated T cells rapidly led to severe organ pathology and premature death in Noxa-deficient mice. These results establish Noxa as an important regulator of the number of memory cells formed during infection. Chronic immune activation in the absence of Noxa leads to excessive accumulation of primed cells, which may result in severe pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix M Wensveen
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lin GHY, Edele F, Mbanwi AN, Wortzman ME, Snell LM, Vidric M, Roth K, Hauser AE, Watts TH. Contribution of 4-1BBL on radioresistant cells in providing survival signals through 4-1BB expressed on CD8⁺ memory T cells in the bone marrow. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42:2861-74. [PMID: 22886791 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201242503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The persistence of memory lymphocytes is a critical feature of adaptive immunity. The TNF family ligand 4-1BBL supports the antigen-independent survival of CD8⁺ memory T cells. Here, we show that mice lacking 4-1BB only on αβ T cells show a similar defect in CD8⁺ T-cell recall responses, as previously shown in 4-1BBL-deficient mice. We show that 4-1BB is selectively expressed on BM CD8⁺ but not CD4⁺ memory T cells of unimmunized mice. Its ligand, 4-1BBL, is found on VCAM-1⁺ stromal cells, CD11c⁺ cells, and a Gr1(lo) myeloid population in unimmunized mice. Adoptive transfer of in vitro generated memory T cells into mice lacking 4-1BBL only on radioresistant cells recapitulates the defect in CD8⁺ T-cell survival seen in the complete knockout mice, with smaller effects of 4-1BBL on hematopoietic cells. In BM, adoptively transferred DsRed CD8⁺ memory T cells are most often found in proximity to VCAM-1⁺ cells or Gr1⁺ cells, followed by B220⁺ cells and to a much lesser extent near CD11c⁺ cells. Thus, a VCAM-1⁺CD45(-) stromal cell is a plausible candidate for the radioresistant cell that provides 4-1BBL to CD8⁺ memory T cells in the BM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria H Y Lin
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
PP2A-dependent control of transcriptionally active FOXO3a in CD8(+) central memory lymphocyte survival requires p47(phox). Cell Death Dis 2012; 3:e375. [PMID: 22914323 PMCID: PMC3434656 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) transcription factor is regulated by complex post-translational modifications that allow for transcriptional control of various apoptosis factors including pro-apoptotic Bim. Although it has been shown that kinases phosphorylate FOXO3a in memory T cells, the role of protein phosphatases in the control of memory T lymphocyte FOXO3a function is less clear. Here, we report that FOXO3a is dephosphorylated (activated) by a protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)-dependent mechanism in CD8+ memory lymphocytes (Tm) during Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) infection, which allows for enhanced Bim transcription in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase p47phox-deficient (p47phox−/−) Tm. Consequently, CD8+ Tm from Lm-infected p47phox−/− mice express significantly higher levels of each pro-apoptotic Bim protein isoform. Furthermore, there was a profound reduction in the accumulation of CD8+ T central memory (Tcm) cells in infected p47phox−/− spleens, and 65% p47phox−/− mouse moribundity following secondary Lm reinfection compared with 25% in wild-type mice. Notably, blocking PP2A activity attenuated FOXO3 activation and Bim transcription in p47phox−/− CD8+ memory lymphocytes. Our findings indicate a critical role for p47phox in a dynamic interplay between PP2A and FOXO3a that regulates pro-apoptotic Bim transcription in CD8+ memory lymphocytes during infection.
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
Memory CD8+ T cells are sufficient to alleviate impaired host resistance to influenza A virus infection caused by neonatal oxygen supplementation. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2012; 19:1432-41. [PMID: 22787195 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00265-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental oxygen administered to preterm infants is an important clinical intervention, but it is associated with life-long changes in lung development and increased sensitivity to respiratory viral infections. The precise immunological changes caused by neonatal oxygen treatment remain poorly understood. We previously reported that adult mice exposed to supplemental oxygen as neonates display persistent pulmonary inflammation and enhanced mortality after a sublethal influenza A virus infection. These changes suggest that neonatal hyperoxia impairs the cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell response required to clear the virus. In this study, we show that although host resistance to several different strains of influenza A virus is reduced by neonatal hyperoxia, this treatment does not impair viral clearance, nor does it alter the magnitude of the virus-specific CD8(+) T cell response to primary infection. Moreover, memory T cells are sufficient to ameliorate the increased morbidity and mortality and alleviate the excessive lung damage observed in mice exposed to high oxygen levels as neonates, and we attribute this sufficiency principally to virus-specific memory CD8(+) T cells. Thus, we show that neonatal hyperoxia reduces host resistance to influenza virus infection without diminishing the function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes or the generation of virus-specific memory T cells and that CD8(+) memory T cells are sufficient to provide protection from negative consequences of this important life-saving intervention. Our findings suggest that vaccines that generate robust T cell memory may be efficacious at reducing the increased sensitivity to respiratory viral infections in people born prematurely.
Collapse
|
44
|
McPherson AJ, Snell LM, Mak TW, Watts TH. Opposing roles for TRAF1 in the alternative versus classical NF-κB pathway in T cells. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:23010-9. [PMID: 22570473 PMCID: PMC3391120 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.350538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells lacking TRAF1 hyperproliferate in response to T cell receptor signaling but have impaired signaling downstream of specific TNFR family members such as 4-1BB. Here we resolve this paradox by showing that while TRAF1 is required for maximal activation of the classical NF-κB pathway downstream of 4-1BB in primary T cells, TRAF1 also restricts the constitutive activation of NIK in anti-CD3-activated T cells. Activation of the alternative NF-κB pathway is restricted in unstimulated cells by a cIAP1/2:TRAF2:TRAF3:NIK complex. Using knockdown of NIK by siRNA we show that in activated CD8 T cells TRAF1 is also involved in this process and that constitutive activation of the alternative NF-κB pathway is responsible for costimulation independent hyperproliferation and excess cytokine production in TRAF1-deficient CD8 T cells compared with WT CD8 T cells. The T cell costimulatory molecule 4-1BB critically regulates the survival of activated and memory CD8 T cells. We demonstrate that stimulation through 4-1BB induces cIAP1-dependent TRAF3 degradation and activation of the alternative NF-κB pathway. We also show that while both TRAF1 and cIAP1 have non-redundant roles in suppressing the alternative NF-κB pathway in T cells activated in the absence of costimulation, activation of the classical NF-κB pathway downstream of 4-1BB requires TRAF1, whereas cIAP1 plays a redundant role with cIAP2. Collectively these results demonstrate that TRAF1 plays a critical role in regulating T cell activation both through restricting the costimulation independent activation of NIK in activated T cells and by promoting the 4-1BB-induced classical NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tak W. Mak
- From the Department of Immunology and
- The Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute at Princess Margaret Hospital and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Temporal expression of microRNA cluster miR-17-92 regulates effector and memory CD8+ T-cell differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:9965-70. [PMID: 22665768 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1207327109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are important regulators of various developmental and physiological processes. However, their roles in the CD8(+) T-cell response are not well understood. Using an acute viral infection model, we show that microRNAs of the miR-17-92 cluster are strongly induced after T-cell activation, down-regulated after clonal expansion, and further silenced during memory development. miR-17-92 promotes cell-cycle progression of effector CD8(+) T cells, and its expression is critical to the rapid expansion of these cells. However, excessive miR-17-92 expression enhances mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and strongly skews the differentiation toward short-lived terminal effector cells. Failure to down-regulate miR-17-92 leads to a gradual loss of memory cells and defective central memory cell development. Therefore, our results reveal a temporal expression pattern of miR-17-92 by antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells during viral infection, the precise control of which is critical to the effector expansion and memory differentiation of CD8(+) T cells.
Collapse
|
46
|
Hildebrand JM, Yi Z, Buchta CM, Poovassery J, Stunz LL, Bishop GA. Roles of tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 3 (TRAF3) and TRAF5 in immune cell functions. Immunol Rev 2012; 244:55-74. [PMID: 22017431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2011.01055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A large and diverse group of receptors utilizes the family of cytoplasmic signaling proteins known as tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factors (TRAFs). In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest and exploration of the roles played by TRAF3 and TRAF5 in cellular regulation, particularly in cells of the immune system, the cell types of focus in this review. This work has revealed that TRAF3 and TRAF5 can play diverse roles for different receptors even in the same cell type, as well as distinct roles in different cell types. Evidence indicates that TRAF3 and TRAF5 play important roles beyond the TNFR-superfamily (SF) and viral mimics of its members, mediating certain innate immune receptor and cytokine receptor signals, and most recently, signals delivered by the T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling complex. Additionally, much research has demonstrated the importance of TRAF3-mediated cellular regulation via its cytoplasmic interactions with additional signaling proteins. In particular, we discuss below evidence for the participation by TRAF3 in a number of the regulatory post-translational modifications involving ubiquitin that are important in various signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M Hildebrand
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Snell LM, Lin GHY, McPherson AJ, Moraes TJ, Watts TH. T-cell intrinsic effects of GITR and 4-1BB during viral infection and cancer immunotherapy. Immunol Rev 2012; 244:197-217. [PMID: 22017440 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2011.01063.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
GITR [glucocorticoid inducible tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-related protein] and 4-1BB are costimulatory TNFR family members that are expressed on regulatory and effector T cells as well as on other cells of the immune system. Here we discuss the role of GITR and 4-1BB on T cells during viral infections and in cancer immunotherapy. Systemic treatment with agonistic anti-4-1BB antibody leads to a number of immune system abnormalities, and clinical trials of anti-4-1BB have been terminated. However, other modes of 4-1BB ligation may be less toxic. To date, similar toxicities have not been reported for anti-GITR treatment of mice, although anti-GITR antibodies can exacerbate mouse autoimmune models. Intrinsic effects of GITR and 4-1BB on effector T cells appear to predominate over their effects on other cell types in some models. Despite their similarities in enhancing T-cell survival, 4-1BB and GITR are clearly not redundant, and both pathways are required for maximal CD8(+) T-cell responses and mouse survival following severe respiratory influenza infection. GITR uses TNFR-associated factor (TRAF) 2 and TRAF5, whereas 4-1BB recruits TRAF1 and TRAF2 to mediate survival signaling in T cells. The differential use of signaling adapters combined with their differential expression may explain the non-redundant roles of GITR and 4-1BB in the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Snell
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang C, McPherson AJ, Jones RB, Kawamura KS, Lin GHY, Lang PA, Ambagala T, Pellegrini M, Calzascia T, Aidarus N, Elford AR, Yue FY, Kremmer E, Kovacs CM, Benko E, Tremblay C, Routy JP, Bernard NF, Ostrowski MA, Ohashi PS, Watts TH. Loss of the signaling adaptor TRAF1 causes CD8+ T cell dysregulation during human and murine chronic infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 209:77-91. [PMID: 22184633 PMCID: PMC3260874 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20110675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The signaling adaptor TNFR-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) is specifically lost from virus-specific CD8 T cells during the chronic phase of infection with HIV in humans or lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) clone 13 in mice. In contrast, TRAF1 is maintained at higher levels in virus-specific T cells of HIV controllers or after acute LCMV infection. TRAF1 expression negatively correlates with programmed death 1 expression and HIV load and knockdown of TRAF1 in CD8 T cells from viral controllers results in decreased HIV suppression ex vivo. Consistent with the desensitization of the TRAF1-binding co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB, 4-1BBL-deficient mice have defects in viral control early, but not late, in chronic infection. TGFβ induces the posttranslational loss of TRAF1, whereas IL-7 restores TRAF1 levels. A combination treatment with IL-7 and agonist anti-4-1BB antibody at 3 wk after LCMV clone 13 infection expands T cells and reduces viral load in a TRAF1-dependent manner. Moreover, transfer of TRAF1(+) but not TRAF1(-) memory T cells at the chronic stage of infection reduces viral load. These findings identify TRAF1 as a potential biomarker of HIV-specific CD8 T cell fitness during the chronic phase of disease and a target for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Immunology, 2 Clinical Sciences Division, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhou CB, Li ZW. Progress in understanding the role of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway in the immunoregulation of HBV infection. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:2752-2759. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i26.2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is an inhibitory co-stimulatory molecule belonging to the CD28 family. It plays an important role in the maintenance of immune tolerance through binding to its ligands. Recent studies showed that the PD-1/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway played an essential role in the development of chronic viral infection, autoimmune diseases and tumor immunity. Manipulating this pathway may have possible clinical applications to HBV treatment. This article will review the recent progress in understanding the role of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway in the immunoregulation of HBV infection.
Collapse
|
50
|
Role of 4-1BBL and TRAF1 in the CD8 T cell response to influenza virus and HIV. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 691:177-86. [PMID: 21153322 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-6612-4_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|