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Xu Y, Liu X, Zeng W, Zhu Y, Dong J, Wu F, Chen C, Sharma S, Lin Y. DOCK1 insufficiency disrupts trophoblast function and pregnancy outcomes via DUSP4-ERK pathway. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302247. [PMID: 37967942 PMCID: PMC10651491 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal trophoblast function is associated with diseases such as recurrent spontaneous abortion, pre-eclampsia, and preterm birth, and endangers maternal and fetal health. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we found DOCK1 expression is decreased in the placental villi of patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion, and that its expression determined the invasive properties of extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs), highlighting a previously unknown role of DOCK1 in regulating EVT function. Furthermore, DOCK1 deficiency disturbed the ubiquitinated degradation of DUSP4, leading to its accumulation. This caused inactivation of the ERK signaling pathway, resulting in inadequate EVT migration and invasion. DOCK1 was implicated in regulating the ubiquitin levels of DUSP4, possibly by modulating the E3 ligase enzyme HUWE1. The results of our in vivo experiments confirmed that the DOCK1 inhibitor TBOPP caused miscarriage in mice by inactivating the DUSP4/ERK pathway. Collectively, our results revealed the crucial role of DOCK1 in the regulation of EVT function via the DUSP4-ERK pathway and a basis for the development of novel treatments for adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by trophoblast dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichi Xu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihong Zeng
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueyue Zhu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junpeng Dong
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cailian Chen
- Department of Automation, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Surendra Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Doan RA, Monk KR. Dock1 acts cell-autonomously in Schwann cells to regulate the development, maintenance, and repair of peripheral myelin. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.26.564271. [PMID: 37961336 PMCID: PMC10634861 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.26.564271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Schwann cells, the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), are critical for myelin development, maintenance, and repair. Rac1 is a known regulator of radial sorting, a key step in developmental myelination, and we previously showed in zebrafish that loss of Dock1, a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, results in delayed peripheral myelination in development. We demonstrate here that Dock1 is necessary for myelin maintenance and remyelination after injury in adult zebrafish. Furthermore, it performs an evolutionary conserved role in mice, acting cell-autonomously in Schwann cells to regulate peripheral myelin development, maintenance, and repair. Additionally, manipulating Rac1 levels in larval zebrafish reveals that dock1 mutants are sensitized to inhibition of Rac1, suggesting an interaction between the two proteins during PNS development. We propose that the interplay between Dock1 and Rac1 signaling in Schwann cells is required to establish, maintain, and facilitate repair and remyelination within the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Doan
- The Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kelly R Monk
- The Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Akkawi C, Feuillard J, Diaz FL, Belkhir K, Godefroy N, Peloponese JM, Mougel M, Laine S. Murine leukemia virus (MLV) P50 protein induces cell transformation via transcriptional regulatory function. Retrovirology 2023; 20:16. [PMID: 37700325 PMCID: PMC10496198 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-023-00631-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The murine leukemia virus (MLV) has been a powerful model of pathogenesis for the discovery of genes involved in cancer. Its splice donor (SD')-associated retroelement (SDARE) is important for infectivity and tumorigenesis, but the mechanism remains poorly characterized. Here, we show for the first time that P50 protein, which is produced from SDARE, acts as an accessory protein that transregulates transcription and induces cell transformation. RESULTS By infecting cells with MLV particles containing SDARE transcript alone (lacking genomic RNA), we show that SDARE can spread to neighbouring cells as shown by the presence of P50 in infected cells. Furthermore, a role for P50 in cell transformation was demonstrated by CCK8, TUNEL and anchorage-independent growth assays. We identified the integrase domain of P50 as being responsible for transregulation of the MLV promoter using luciferase assay and RTqPCR with P50 deleted mutants. Transcriptomic analysis furthermore revealed that the expression of hundreds of cellular RNAs involved in cancerogenesis were deregulated in the presence of P50, suggesting that P50 induces carcinogenic processes via its transcriptional regulatory function. CONCLUSION We propose a novel SDARE-mediated mode of propagation of the P50 accessory protein in surrounding cells. Moreover, due to its transforming properties, P50 expression could lead to a cellular and tissue microenvironment that is conducive to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charbel Akkawi
- Team R2D2: Retroviral RNA Dynamics and Delivery, IRIM, UMR9004, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Feuillard
- Team R2D2: Retroviral RNA Dynamics and Delivery, IRIM, UMR9004, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Felipe Leon Diaz
- Team R2D2: Retroviral RNA Dynamics and Delivery, IRIM, UMR9004, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Khalid Belkhir
- ISEM, CNRS, EPHE, Université Montpellier, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Nelly Godefroy
- ISEM, CNRS, EPHE, Université Montpellier, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Marylene Mougel
- Team R2D2: Retroviral RNA Dynamics and Delivery, IRIM, UMR9004, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Sebastien Laine
- Team R2D2: Retroviral RNA Dynamics and Delivery, IRIM, UMR9004, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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4
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He Y, Goyette MA, Chapelle J, Boufaied N, Al Rahbani J, Schonewolff M, Danek EI, Muller WJ, Labbé DP, Côté JF, Lamarche-Vane N. CdGAP is a talin-binding protein and a target of TGF-β signaling that promotes HER2-positive breast cancer growth and metastasis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112936. [PMID: 37552602 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in metastasis, which is the leading cause of death in breast cancer patients. Here, we show that Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein (CdGAP) promotes tumor formation and metastasis to lungs in the HER2-positive (HER2+) murine breast cancer model. CdGAP facilitates intravasation, extravasation, and growth at metastatic sites. CdGAP depletion in HER2+ murine primary tumors mediates crosstalk with a Dlc1-RhoA pathway and is associated with a transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-induced EMT transcriptional signature. CdGAP is positively regulated by TGF-β signaling during EMT and interacts with the adaptor talin to modulate focal adhesion dynamics and integrin activation. Moreover, HER2+ breast cancer patients with high CdGAP mRNA expression combined with a high TGF-β-EMT signature are more likely to present lymph node invasion. Our results suggest CdGAP as a candidate therapeutic target for HER2+ metastatic breast cancer by inhibiting TGF-β and integrin/talin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Marie-Anne Goyette
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jennifer Chapelle
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Nadia Boufaied
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jalal Al Rahbani
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Maribel Schonewolff
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Eric I Danek
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - William J Muller
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - David P Labbé
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jean-François Côté
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Nathalie Lamarche-Vane
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
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5
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Zhu L, Tu D, Li R, Li L, Zhang W, Jin W, Li T, Zhu H. The diagnostic significance of the ZNF gene family in pancreatic cancer: a bioinformatics and experimental study. Front Genet 2023; 14:1089023. [PMID: 37396042 PMCID: PMC10311482 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1089023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is among the most devastating of all cancers with a poor survival rate. Therefore, we established a zinc finger (ZNF) protein-based prognostic prediction model for PAAD patients. Methods: The RNA-seq data for PAAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Differentially expressed ZNF protein genes (DE-ZNFs) in PAAD and normal control tissues were screened using the "lemma" package in R. An optimal risk model and an independent prognostic value were established by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Survival analyses were performed to assess the prognostic ability of the model. Results: We constructed a ZNF family genes-related risk score model that is based on the 10 DE-ZNFs (ZNF185, PRKCI, RTP4, SERTAD2, DEF8, ZMAT1, SP110, U2AF1L4, CXXC1, and RMND5B). The risk score was found to be a significant independent prognostic factor for PAAD patients. Seven significantly differentially expressed immune cells were identified between the high- and low-risk patients. Then, based on the prognostic genes, we constructed a ceRNA regulatory network that includes 5 prognostic genes, 7 miRNAs and 35 lncRNAs. Expression analysis showed ZNF185, PRKCI and RTP4 were significantly upregulated, while ZMAT1 and CXXC1 were significantly downregulated in the PAAD samples in all TCGA - PAAD, GSE28735 and GSE15471 datasets. Moreover, the upregulation of RTP4, SERTAD2, and SP110 were verified by the cell experiments. Conclusion: We established and validated a novel, Zinc finger protein family - related prognostic risk model for patients with PAAD, that has the potential to inform patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dong Tu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, No. 920 Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, China
| | - Ruixue Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenxiang Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tiehan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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6
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Cervantes-Villagrana RD, García-Jiménez I, Vázquez-Prado J. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases (RhoGEFs) as oncogenic effectors and strategic therapeutic targets in metastatic cancer. Cell Signal 2023; 109:110749. [PMID: 37290677 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer cells dynamically adjust their shape to adhere, invade, migrate, and expand to generate secondary tumors. Inherent to these processes is the constant assembly and disassembly of cytoskeletal supramolecular structures. The subcellular places where cytoskeletal polymers are built and reorganized are defined by the activation of Rho GTPases. These molecular switches directly respond to signaling cascades integrated by Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which are sophisticated multidomain proteins that control morphological behavior of cancer and stromal cells in response to cell-cell interactions, tumor-secreted factors and actions of oncogenic proteins within the tumor microenvironment. Stromal cells, including fibroblasts, immune and endothelial cells, and even projections of neuronal cells, adjust their shapes and move into growing tumoral masses, building tumor-induced structures that eventually serve as metastatic routes. Here we review the role of RhoGEFs in metastatic cancer. They are highly diverse proteins with common catalytic modules that select among a variety of homologous Rho GTPases enabling them to load GTP, acquiring an active conformation that stimulates effectors controlling actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Therefore, due to their strategic position in oncogenic signaling cascades, and their structural diversity flanking common catalytic modules, RhoGEFs possess unique characteristics that make them conceptual targets of antimetastatic precision therapies. Preclinical proof of concept, demonstrating the antimetastatic effect of inhibiting either expression or activity of βPix (ARHGEF7), P-Rex1, Vav1, ARHGEF17, and Dock1, among others, is emerging.
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7
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Boland A, Côté J, Barford D. Structural biology of DOCK-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:794-810. [PMID: 36271211 PMCID: PMC10152721 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
DOCK proteins are a family of multi-domain guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that activate the RHO GTPases CDC42 and RAC1, thereby regulating several RHO GTPase-dependent cellular processes. DOCK proteins are characterized by the catalytic DHR2 domain (DOCKDHR2 ), and a phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)P3 -binding DHR1 domain (DOCKDHR1 ) that targets DOCK proteins to plasma membranes. DOCK-family GEFs are divided into four subfamilies (A to D) differing in their specificities for CDC42 and RAC1, and the composition of accessory signalling domains. Additionally, the DOCK-A and DOCK-B subfamilies are constitutively associated with ELMO proteins that auto-inhibit DOCK GEF activity. We review structural studies that have provided mechanistic insights into DOCK-protein functions. These studies revealed how a conserved nucleotide sensor in DOCKDHR2 catalyses nucleotide exchange, the basis for how different DOCK proteins activate specifically CDC42 and RAC1, and sometimes both, and how up-stream regulators relieve the ELMO-mediated auto-inhibition. We conclude by presenting a model for full-length DOCK9 of the DOCK-D subfamily. The involvement of DOCK GEFs in a range of diseases highlights the importance of gaining structural insights into these proteins to better understand and specifically target them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Boland
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of GenevaSwitzerland
| | - Jean‐Francois Côté
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM)Canada
- Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineUniversité de MontréalCanada
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8
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Guo F, Chen D, Zong Z, Wu W, Mo C, Zheng Z, Li J, Zhang X, Xiong D. Comprehensive analysis of aberrantly expressed circRNAs, mRNAs and lncRNAs in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24836. [PMID: 36597889 PMCID: PMC9937882 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The location of nasopharyngeal cancer is hidden, so it is difficult to diagnose at an early stage. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression profiles of circRNAs, mRNAs and IncRNAs and to provide some basis for further studies. METHODS Expression profiles of circRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs were analyzed using microarray techniques. The differentially expressed ncRNA was calculated by bioinformatics. RESULTS A total of 3048 circRNAs, 2179 lncRNAs, and 2015 mRNAs were detected to be significantly differentially expressed in NPC. The most upregulated circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs were hsa-circ-0067562, NONHSAT232922.1, and HOXB13, respectively. And, the most downregulated circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs were hsa_circ_0078837, lnc-TTC8-4:3, and LTF, respectively. The number of upregulated DE lncRNAs was more than twice than those downregulated. Our data showed that 80.44% of pairs of lncRNAs and cis-mRNAs demonstrated positive correlations. For lncRNAs and trans-mRNAs pairs, 53.7% of pairs showed positive correlation. LncRNA-mediated cis regulation is a prevalent regulatory mode in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. CR1, LRMP and SORBS2 are predicted to be mediated not only by cis-acting lncRNA modes of action, but also by trans-acting lncRNA mechanisms. Additionally, we constructed a diagnostic prediction model with a high sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION Our study characterized the landscape of circRNAs, mRNAs and lncRNAs in NPC tissue and provided novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Guo
- School of MedicineAnhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanChina,Medical Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Dayang Chen
- Medical Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Zengyan Zong
- School of MedicineAnhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanChina,Medical Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Wei Wu
- Medical Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Chan Mo
- Medical Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Zhou Zheng
- Medical Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of OtorhinolaryngologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiuming Zhang
- School of MedicineAnhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanChina,Medical Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Dan Xiong
- School of MedicineAnhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanChina,Medical Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
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Feng J, Lu H, Ma W, Tian W, Lu Z, Yang H, Cai Y, Cai P, Sun Y, Zhou Z, Feng J, Deng J, Shu Y, Qu K, Jia W, Gao P, Zhang H. Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies synthetic lethality between DOCK1 inhibition and metformin in liver cancer. Protein Cell 2022; 13:825-841. [PMID: 35217990 PMCID: PMC9237198 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-022-00906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is currently a strong candidate anti-tumor agent in multiple cancers. However, its anti-tumor effectiveness varies among different cancers or subpopulations, potentially due to tumor heterogeneity. It thus remains unclear which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient subpopulation(s) can benefit from metformin treatment. Here, through a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9-based knockout screen, we find that DOCK1 levels determine the anti-tumor effects of metformin and that DOCK1 is a synthetic lethal target of metformin in HCC. Mechanistically, metformin promotes DOCK1 phosphorylation, which activates RAC1 to facilitate cell survival, leading to metformin resistance. The DOCK1-selective inhibitor, TBOPP, potentiates anti-tumor activity by metformin in vitro in liver cancer cell lines and patient-derived HCC organoids, and in vivo in xenografted liver cancer cells and immunocompetent mouse liver cancer models. Notably, metformin improves overall survival of HCC patients with low DOCK1 levels but not among patients with high DOCK1 expression. This study shows that metformin effectiveness depends on DOCK1 levels and that combining metformin with DOCK1 inhibition may provide a promising personalized therapeutic strategy for metformin-resistant HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junru Feng
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Wenhao Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Zhuan Lu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Hongying Yang
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yongping Cai
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Pengfei Cai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yuchen Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Zilong Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Jiaqian Feng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Jiazhong Deng
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Ying Shu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Kun Qu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Weidong Jia
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Ping Gao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China. .,School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China. .,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
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Yazbeck P, Cullere X, Bennett P, Yajnik V, Wang H, Kawada K, Davis VM, Parikh A, Kuo A, Mysore V, Hla T, Milstone DS, Mayadas TN. DOCK4 Regulation of Rho GTPases Mediates Pulmonary Vascular Barrier Function. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:886-902. [PMID: 35477279 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vascular endothelium maintains tissue-fluid homeostasis by controlling the passage of large molecules and fluid between the blood and interstitial space. The interaction of catenins and the actin cytoskeleton with VE-cadherin (vascular endothelial cadherin) is the primary mechanism for stabilizing AJs (adherens junctions), thereby preventing lung vascular barrier disruption. Members of the Rho (Ras homology) family of GTPases and conventional GEFs (guanine exchange factors) of these GTPases have been demonstrated to play important roles in regulating endothelial permeability. Here, we evaluated the role of DOCK4 (dedicator of cytokinesis 4)-an unconventional Rho family GTPase GEF in vascular function. METHODS We generated mice deficient in DOCK4' used DOCK4 silencing and reconstitution approaches in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells' used assays to evaluate protein localization, endothelial cell permeability, and small GTPase activation. RESULTS Our data show that DOCK4-deficient mice are viable. However, these mice have hemorrhage selectively in the lung, incomplete smooth muscle cell coverage in pulmonary vessels, increased basal microvascular permeability, and impaired response to S1P (sphingosine-1-phosphate)-induced reversal of thrombin-induced permeability. Consistent with this, DOCK4 rapidly translocates to the cell periphery and associates with the detergent-insoluble fraction following S1P treatment, and its absence prevents S1P-induced Rac-1 activation and enhancement of barrier function. Moreover, DOCK4-silenced pulmonary artery endothelial cells exhibit enhanced basal permeability in vitro that is associated with enhanced Rho GTPase activation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that DOCK4 maintains AJs necessary for lung vascular barrier function by establishing the normal balance between RhoA (Ras homolog family member A) and Rac-1-mediated actin cytoskeleton remodeling, a previously unappreciated function for the atypical GEF family of molecules. Our studies also identify S1P as a potential upstream regulator of DOCK4 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Yazbeck
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.Y., F.C., P.B., H.W., V.M.D., V.M., D.S.M., T.N.M.)
| | - Xavier Cullere
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.Y., F.C., P.B., H.W., V.M.D., V.M., D.S.M., T.N.M.)
| | - Paul Bennett
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.Y., F.C., P.B., H.W., V.M.D., V.M., D.S.M., T.N.M.)
| | - Vijay Yajnik
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (V.Y., K.K., A.P.).,Now with GI Therapeutic Area Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA (V.Y., A.P.)
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.Y., F.C., P.B., H.W., V.M.D., V.M., D.S.M., T.N.M.)
| | - Kenji Kawada
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (V.Y., K.K., A.P.).,Now with Department of Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan (K.K.)
| | - Vanessa M Davis
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.Y., F.C., P.B., H.W., V.M.D., V.M., D.S.M., T.N.M.)
| | - Asit Parikh
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (V.Y., K.K., A.P.).,Now with GI Therapeutic Area Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA (V.Y., A.P.)
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery' Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA (A.K., T.H.)
| | - Vijayashree Mysore
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.Y., F.C., P.B., H.W., V.M.D., V.M., D.S.M., T.N.M.)
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery' Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA (A.K., T.H.)
| | - David S Milstone
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.Y., F.C., P.B., H.W., V.M.D., V.M., D.S.M., T.N.M.)
| | - Tanya N Mayadas
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.Y., F.C., P.B., H.W., V.M.D., V.M., D.S.M., T.N.M.)
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11
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García-Jiménez I, Cervantes-Villagrana RD, Del-Río-Robles JE, Castillo-Kauil A, Beltrán-Navarro YM, García-Román J, Reyes-Cruz G, Vázquez-Prado J. Gβγ mediates activation of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF17 that promotes metastatic lung cancer progression. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101440. [PMID: 34808208 PMCID: PMC8703085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic lung cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. Dissemination of cancer cells can be facilitated by various agonists within the tumor microenvironment, including by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). We postulate that Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), which integrate signaling cues driving cell migration, are critical effectors in metastatic cancer. Specifically, we addressed the hypothetical role of ARHGEF17, a RhoGEF, as a potential effector of Gβγ in metastatic lung cancer cells responding to LPA. Here, we show that ARHGEF17, originally identified as a tumor endothelial marker, is involved in tumor growth and metastatic dissemination of lung cancer cells in an immunocompetent murine model. Gene expression–based analysis of lung cancer datasets showed that increased levels of ARHGEF17 correlated with reduced survival of patients with advanced-stage tumors. Cellular assays also revealed that this RhoGEF participates in the invasive and migratory responses elicited by Gi protein–coupled LPA receptors via the Gβγ subunit complex. We demonstrate that this signaling heterodimer promoted ARHGEF17 recruitment to the cell periphery and actin fibers. Moreover, Gβγ allosterically activates ARHGEF17 by the removal of inhibitory intramolecular restrictions. Taken together, our results indicate that ARHGEF17 may be a valid potential target in the treatment of metastatic lung cancer.
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12
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Huang WC, Chi HC, Tung SL, Chen PM, Shih YC, Huang YC, Chu PY. Identification of the Novel Tumor Suppressor Role of FOCAD/miR-491-5p to Inhibit Cancer Stemness, Drug Resistance and Metastasis via Regulating RABIF/MMP Signaling in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:2524. [PMID: 34685504 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) possesses poor prognosis mainly due to development of chemoresistance and lack of effective endocrine or targeted therapies. MiR-491-5p has been found to play a tumor suppressor role in many cancers including breast cancer. However, the precise role of miR-491-5p in TNBC has never been elucidated. In this study, we reported the novel tumor suppressor function of FOCAD/miR-491-5p in TNBC. High expression of miR-491-5p was found to be associated with better overall survival in breast cancer patients. We found that miR-491-5p could be an intronic microRNA processed form FOCAD gene. We are the first to demonstrate that both miR-491-5p and FOCAD function as tumor suppressors to inhibit cancer stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, drug resistance, cell migration/invasion, and pulmonary metastasis etc. in TNBC. MiR-491-5p was first reported to directly target Rab interacting factor (RABIF) to downregulate RABIF-mediated TNBC cancer stemness, drug resistance, cell invasion, and pulmonary metastasis via matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) signaling. High expression of RABIF was found to be correlated with poor clinical outcomes of breast cancer and TNBC patients. Our data indicated that miR-491-5p and RABIF are potential prognostic biomarkers and targeting the novel FOCAD/miR-491-5p/RABIF/MMP signaling pathway could serve as a promising strategy in TNBC treatment.
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Mehra C, Chung JH, He Y, Lara-Márquez M, Goyette MA, Boufaied N, Barrès V, Ouellet V, Guérard KP, Delliaux C, Saad F, Lapointe J, Côté JF, Labbé DP, Lamarche-Vane N. CdGAP promotes prostate cancer metastasis by regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1042. [PMID: 34493786 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High mortality of prostate cancer patients is primarily due to metastasis. Understanding the mechanisms controlling metastatic processes remains essential to develop novel therapies designed to prevent the progression from localized disease to metastasis. CdGAP plays important roles in the control of cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, which are central to cancer progression. Here we show that elevated CdGAP expression is associated with early biochemical recurrence and bone metastasis in prostate cancer patients. Knockdown of CdGAP in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells reduces cell motility, invasion, and proliferation while inducing apoptosis in CdGAP-depleted PC-3 cells. Conversely, overexpression of CdGAP in DU-145, 22Rv1, and LNCaP cells increases cell migration and invasion. Using global gene expression approaches, we found that CdGAP regulates the expression of genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis and cell cycle progression. Subcutaneous injection of CdGAP-depleted PC-3 cells into mice shows a delayed tumor initiation and attenuated tumor growth. Orthotopic injection of CdGAP-depleted PC-3 cells reduces distant metastasic burden. Collectively, these findings support a pro-oncogenic role of CdGAP in prostate tumorigenesis and unveil CdGAP as a potential biomarker and target for prostate cancer treatments. Mehra et al. investigate the role of CdGAP in early biochemical recurrence and bone metastasis in prostate cancer. The authors find that knocking down CdGAP leads to reduced cell motility, invasion and proliferation in PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells while orthotopic injection of CdGAP-depleted PC-3 cells reduces distant metastatic burden.
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Qin L, Cao X, Kaneko T, Voss C, Liu X, Wang G, Li SSC. Dynamic interplay of two molecular switches enabled by the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 and IL-6-STAT3 signaling axes controls epithelial cell migration in response to growth factors. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101161. [PMID: 34480897 PMCID: PMC8477194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is an essential physiological process, and aberrant migration of epithelial cells underlies many pathological conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms governing cell migration are not fully understood. We report here that growth factor–induced epithelial cell migration is critically dependent on the crosstalk of two molecular switches, namely phosphorylation switch (P-switch) and transcriptional switch (T-switch). P-switch refers to dynamic interactions of deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) and PI3K with tensin-3 (TNS3), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), C-terminal tension, and vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (VAV2) that are dictated by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2–extracellular signal–regulated protein kinase 1/2–dependent phosphorylation of TNS3, PTEN, and VAV2. Phosphorylation of TNS3 and PTEN on specific Thr residues led to the switch of DLC1–TNS3 and PI3K–PTEN complexes to DLC1–PTEN and PI3K–TNS3 complexes, whereas Ser phosphorylation of VAV2 promotes the transition of the PI3K–TNS3/PTEN complexes to PI3K–VAV2 complex. T-switch denotes an increase in C-terminal tension transcription/expression regulated by both extracellular signal–regulated protein kinase 1/2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) via interleukin-6–Janus kinase–STAT3 signaling pathway. We have found that, the P-switch is indispensable for both the initiation and continuation of cell migration induced by growth factors, whereas the T-switch is only required to sustain cell migration. The interplay of the two switches facilitated by the interleukin-6–Janus kinase–STAT3 pathway governs a sequence of dynamic protein–protein interactions for sustained cell migration. That a similar mechanism is employed by both normal and tumorigenic epithelial cells to drive their respective migration suggests that the P-switch and T-switch are general regulators of epithelial cell migration and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyugao Qin
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xuan Cao
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tomonori Kaneko
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Courtney Voss
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xuguang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guoping Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shawn S-C Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Reyimu A, Chen Y, Song X, Zhou W, Dai J, Jiang F. Identification of latent biomarkers in connection with progression and prognosis in oral cancer by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:240. [PMID: 34384424 PMCID: PMC8361649 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral cancer (OC) is a common and dangerous malignant tumor with a low survival rate. However, the micro level mechanism has not been explained in detail. Methods Gene and miRNA expression micro array data were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DE miRNAs) were identified by R software. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were used to assess the potential molecular mechanisms of DEGs. Cytoscape software was utilized to construct protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and miRNA-gene network. Central genes were screened out with the participation of gene degree, molecular complex detection (MCODE) plugin, and miRNA-gene network. Then, the identified genes were checked by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) gene expression profile, Kaplan-Meier data, Oncomine, and the Human Protein Atlas database. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to predict the diagnostic efficiency of crucial gene level in normal and tumor tissues. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyze the effect of dominant genes and clinical characteristics on the overall survival rate of OC patients. Results Gene expression data of gene expression profiling chip(GSE9844, GSE30784, and GSE74530) were obtained from GEO database, including 199 tumor and 63 non-tumor samples. We identified 298 gene mutations, including 200 upregulated and 98 downregulated genes. GO functional annotation analysis showed that DEGs were enriched in extracellular structure and extracellular matrix containing collagen. In addition, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the DEGs were significantly enriched in IL-17 signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Then, we detected three most relevant modules in PPI network. Central genes (CXCL8, DDX60, EIF2AK2, GBP1, IFI44, IFI44L, IFIT1, IL6, MMP9,CXCL1, CCL20, RSAD2, and RTP4) were screened out with the participation of MCODE plugin, gene degree, and miRNA-gene network. TCGA gene expression profile and Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high expression of CXCL8, DDX60, IL6, and RTP4 was associated with poor prognosis in OC patients, while patients with high expression of IFI44L and RSAD2 had a better prognosis. The elevated expression of CXCL8, DDX60, IFI44L, RSAD2, and RTP44 in OC was verified by using Oncomine database. ROC curve showed that the mRNA levels of these five genes had a helpful diagnostic effect on tumor tissue. The Human Protein Atlas database showed that the protein expressions of DDX60, IFI44L, RSAD2, and RTP44 in tumor tissues were higher than those in normal tissues. Finally, univariate and multivariate Cox regression showed that DDX60, IFI44L, RSAD2, and RTP44 were independent prognostic indicators of OC. Conclusion This study revealed the potential biomarkers and relevant pathways of OC from publicly available GEO database, and provided a theoretical basis for elucidating the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdusemer Reyimu
- Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Wubi Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingjing Dai
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Melanoma accounts for 80% of skin cancer deaths. The pathogenesis of melanoma is regulated by gene networks. Thus, we aimed here to identify gene networks and hub genes associated with melanoma and to further identify their underlying mechanisms. METHODS GTEx (normal skin) and TCGA (melanoma tumor) RNA-seq datasets were employed for this purpose. We conducted weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify key modules and hub genes associated with melanoma. Log-rank analysis and multivariate Cox model analysis were performed to identify prognosis genes, which were validated using two independent melanoma datasets. We also evaluated the correlation between prognostic gene and immune cell infiltration. RESULTS The blue module was the most relevant for melanoma and was thus considered the key module. Intersecting genes were identified between this module and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Finally, 72 genes were identified and verified as hub genes using the Oncomine database. Log-rank analysis and multivariate Cox model analysis identified 13 genes that were associated with the prognosis of the metastatic melanoma group, and RTP4 was validated as a prognostic gene using two independent melanoma datasets. RTP4 was not previously associated with melanoma. When we evaluated the correlation between prognostic gene and immune cell infiltration, we discovered that RTP4 was associated with immune cell infiltration. Further, RTP4 was significantly associated with genes encoding components of immune checkpoints (PDCD1, TIM-3, and LAG3). CONCLUSIONS RTP4 is a novel prognosis-related hub gene in cutaneous melanoma. The novel gene RTP4 identified here will facilitate the exploration of the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis and progression of melanoma and the discovery of potential new target for drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine for Metabolic Diseases, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China
| | - Jue Qi
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiankang Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine for Metabolic Diseases, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China.
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Chen Y, Xu R, Ruze R, Yang J, Wang H, Song J, You L, Wang C, Zhao Y. Construction of a prognostic model with histone modification-related genes and identification of potential drugs in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:291. [PMID: 34090418 PMCID: PMC8178883 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly fatal and aggressive disease with its incidence and mortality quite discouraging. An effective prediction model is urgently needed for the accurate assessment of patients’ prognosis to assist clinical decision-making. Methods Gene expression data and clinicopathological data of the samples were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) analysis, univariate Cox regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, random forest screening and multivariate Cox regression analysis were applied to construct the risk signature. The effectiveness and independence of the model were validated by time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analysis and survival point graph in training set, test set, TCGA entire set and GSE57495 set. The validity of the core gene was verified by immunohistochemistry and our own independent cohort. Meanwhile, functional enrichment analysis of DEGs between the high and low risk groups revealed the potential biological pathways. Finally, CMap database and drug sensitivity assay were utilized to identify potential small molecular drugs as the risk model-related treatments for PC patients. Results Four histone modification-related genes were identified to establish the risk signature, including CBX8, CENPT, DPY30 and PADI1. The predictive performance of risk signature was validated in training set, test set, TCGA entire set and GSE57495 set, with the areas under ROC curve (AUCs) for 3-year survival were 0.773, 0.729, 0.775 and 0.770 respectively. Furthermore, KM survival analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis proved it as an independent prognostic factor. Mechanically, functional enrichment analysis showed that the poor prognosis of high-risk population was related to the metabolic disorders caused by inadequate insulin secretion, which was fueled by neuroendocrine aberration. Lastly, a cluster of small molecule drugs were identified with significant potentiality in treating PC patients. Conclusions Based on a histone modification-related gene signature, our model can serve as a reliable prognosis assessment tool and help to optimize the treatment for PC patients. Meanwhile, a cluster of small molecule drugs were also identified with significant potentiality in treating PC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01928-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlu Song
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
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Borrero-García LD, Del Mar Maldonado M, Medina-Velázquez J, Troche-Torres AL, Velazquez L, Grafals-Ruiz N, Dharmawardhane S. Rac inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for EGFR/HER2 targeted therapy resistant breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:652. [PMID: 34074257 PMCID: PMC8170972 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Even though targeted therapies are available for cancers expressing oncogenic epidermal growth receptor (EGFR) and (or) human EGFR2 (HER2), acquired or intrinsic resistance often confounds therapy success. Common mechanisms of therapy resistance involve activating receptor point mutations and (or) upregulation of signaling downstream of EGFR/HER2 to Akt and (or) mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. However, additional pathways of resistance may exist thus, confounding successful therapy. Methods To determine novel mechanisms of EGFR/HER2 therapy resistance in breast cancer, gefitinib or lapatinib resistant variants were created from SKBR3 breast cancer cells. Syngenic therapy sensitive and resistant SKBR3 variants were characterized for mechanisms of resistance by mammosphere assays, viability assays, and western blotting for total and phospho proteins. Results Gefitinib and lapatinib treatments reduced mammosphere formation in the sensitive cells, but not in the therapy resistant variants, indicating enhanced mesenchymal and cancer stem cell-like characteristics in therapy resistant cells. The therapy resistant variants did not show significant changes in known therapy resistant pathways of AKT and MAPK activities downstream of EGFR/HER2. However, these cells exhibited elevated expression and activation of the small GTPase Rac, which is a pivotal intermediate of GFR signaling in EMT and metastasis. Therefore, the potential of the Rac inhibitors EHop-016 and MBQ-167 to overcome therapy resistance was tested, and found to inhibit viability and induce apoptosis of therapy resistant cells. Conclusions Rac inhibition may represent a viable strategy for treatment of EGFR/HER2 targeted therapy resistant breast cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08366-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis D Borrero-García
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Maria Del Mar Maldonado
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Julia Medina-Velázquez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Angel L Troche-Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis Velazquez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Nilmary Grafals-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Suranganie Dharmawardhane
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
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Verma AK, Ali SA, Singh P, Kumar S, Mohanty AK. Transcriptional Repression of MFG-E8 Causes Disturbance in the Homeostasis of Cell Cycle Through DOCK/ZP4/STAT Signaling in Buffalo Mammary Epithelial Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:568660. [PMID: 33869165 PMCID: PMC8047144 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.568660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammary gland is a unique apocrine gland made up of a branching network of ducts that end in alveoli. It is an ideal system to study the molecular mechanisms associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, and oncogenesis. MFG-E8, also known as Lactadherin, is a vital glycoprotein related to the milk fat globule membrane and initially identified to get secreted in bovine milk. Our previous report suggests that a high level of MFG-E8 is indicative of high milk yield in dairy animals. Here, we showed that MFG-E8 controls the cell growth and morphology of epithelial cells through a network of regulatory transcription factors. To understand the comprehensive action, we downregulated its expression in MECs by MFG-E8 specific shRNA. We generated a knockdown proteome profile of differentially expressed proteins through a quantitative iTRAQ experiment on a high-resolution mass spectrometer (Q-TOF). The downregulation of MFG-E8 resulted in reduced phagocytosis and cell migration ability, whereas it also leads to more lifespan to knockdown vis-a-vis healthy cells, which is confirmed through BrdU, MTT, and Caspase 3/7. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that MFG-E8 knockdown perturbs a large number of intracellular signaling, eventually leading to cessation in cell growth. Based on the directed network analysis, we found that MFG-E8 is activated by CX3CL1, TP63, and CSF2 and leads to the activation of SOCS3 and CCL2 for the regulation of cell proliferation. We further proved that the depletion of MFG-E8 resulted in activated cytoskeletal remodeling by MFG-E8 knockdown, which results in the activation of three independent pathways ZP4/JAK-STAT5, DOCK1/STAT3, and PIP3/AKT/mTOR. Overall, this study suggests that MFG-E8 expression in mammary epithelial cells is an indication of intracellular deterioration in cell health. To date, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the downstream targets of MFG-E8 involved in the regulation of mammary epithelial cell health.
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20
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Yang X, Wang Y, Pang S, Li X, Wang P, Ma R, Ma Y, Song C. LINC00665 promotes the progression of acute myeloid leukemia by regulating the miR-4458/DOCK1 pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5009. [PMID: 33658535 PMCID: PMC7930206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the role of LINC00665, miR-4458 and DOCK1 and their interactions in the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The relative expression of LINC00665, miR-4458 and DOCK1 in AML samples was measured using qRT-PCR, and the protein level of DOCK1 in AML cell lines was examined using western blot. CCK8, BrdU, transwell, cell adhesion, and caspase-3 activity assays were carried out to evaluate the viability, proliferation, migration, adhesion, and apoptosis of AML cells, respectively. Luciferase reporter, RIP, and RNA pull-down assays were also performed to confirm the target relationship among LINC00665, miR-4458 and DOCK1. Findings revealed that LINC00665 and DOCK1 were aberrantly overexpressed in AML tissues and that the expression of miR-4458 was low in AML tissues. Silencing LINC00665 or DOCK1 presented significant restriction to the proliferation, migration and adhesion of AML cells. Apart from that, it was found that inhibiting miR-4458 could enhance the proliferation, migration and adhesion of AML cells but suppress the apoptosis of AML cells. Experimental results also indicated that LINC00665 exerted its positive function on AML cells by sponging miR-4458 and that miR-4458 influenced the progression of AML cells by targeting DOCK1 directly. Overall, this finding not only provided a novel molecular pathway for the diagnosis and treatment of AML but also showed that LINC00665 could enhance the progression of AML by regulating the miR-4458/DOCK1 pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Base Pairing
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Interferon Regulatory Factors/genetics
- Interferon Regulatory Factors/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- MicroRNAs/antagonists & inhibitors
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- rac GTP-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- rac GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
- rac GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.3 Kangfu Front Road, ZhengzhouHenan, 450052, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.3 Kangfu Front Road, ZhengzhouHenan, 450052, China
| | - Sulei Pang
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.3 Kangfu Front Road, ZhengzhouHenan, 450052, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.3 Kangfu Front Road, ZhengzhouHenan, 450052, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.3 Kangfu Front Road, ZhengzhouHenan, 450052, China
| | - Ruojin Ma
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.3 Kangfu Front Road, ZhengzhouHenan, 450052, China
| | - Yunyun Ma
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.3 Kangfu Front Road, ZhengzhouHenan, 450052, China
| | - Chunge Song
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.3 Kangfu Front Road, ZhengzhouHenan, 450052, China
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21
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Salemme V, Angelini C, Chapelle J, Centonze G, Natalini D, Morellato A, Taverna D, Turco E, Ala U, Defilippi P. The p140Cap adaptor protein as a molecular hub to block cancer aggressiveness. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:1355-1367. [PMID: 33079227 PMCID: PMC7904710 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03666-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The p140Cap adaptor protein is a scaffold molecule encoded by the SRCIN1 gene, which is physiologically expressed in several epithelial tissues and in the neurons. However, p140Cap is also strongly expressed in a significant subset of cancers including breast cancer and neuroblastoma. Notably, cancer patients with high p140Cap expression in their primary tumors have a lower probability of developing a distant event and ERBB2-positive breast cancer sufferers show better survival. In neuroblastoma patients, SRCIN1 mRNA levels represent an independent risk factor, which is inversely correlated to disease aggressiveness. Consistent with clinical data, SRCIN1 gain or loss of function mouse models demonstrated that p140Cap may affect tumor growth and metastasis formation by controlling the signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis and metastatic features. This study reviews data showing the relevance of SRCIN1/p140Cap in cancer patients, the impact of SRCIN1 status on p140Cap expression, the specific mechanisms through which p140Cap can limit cancer progression, the molecular functions regulated by p140Cap, along with the p140Cap interactome, to unveil its key role for patient stratification in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Salemme
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Costanza Angelini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Jennifer Chapelle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgia Centonze
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Dora Natalini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morellato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Taverna
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Emilia Turco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Ugo Ala
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
| | - Paola Defilippi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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22
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Humphries B, Wang Z, Yang C. Rho GTPases: Big Players in Breast Cancer Initiation, Metastasis and Therapeutic Responses. Cells 2020; 9:E2167. [PMID: 32992837 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPases, a family of the Ras GTPase superfamily, are key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton. They were originally thought to primarily affect cell migration and invasion; however, recent advances in our understanding of the biology and function of Rho GTPases have demonstrated their diverse roles within the cell, including membrane trafficking, gene transcription, migration, invasion, adhesion, survival and growth. As these processes are critically involved in cancer initiation, metastasis and therapeutic responses, it is not surprising that studies have demonstrated important roles of Rho GTPases in cancer. Although the majority of data indicates an oncogenic role of Rho GTPases, tumor suppressor functions of Rho GTPases have also been revealed, suggesting a context and cell-type specific function for Rho GTPases in cancer. This review aims to summarize recent progresses in our understanding of the regulation and functions of Rho GTPases, specifically in the context of breast cancer. The potential of Rho GTPases as therapeutic targets and prognostic tools for breast cancer patients are also discussed.
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23
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Ferrari MG, Ganaie AA, Shabenah A, Mansini AP, Wang L, Murugan P, Davicioni E, Wang J, Deng Y, Hoeppner LH, Warlick CA, Konety BR, Saleem M. Identifying and treating ROBO1 -ve /DOCK1 +ve prostate cancer: An aggressive cancer subtype prevalent in African American patients. Prostate 2020; 80:1045-1057. [PMID: 32687658 PMCID: PMC7556361 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need to develop novel therapies which could be beneficial to patients with prostate cancer (CaP) including those who are predisposed to poor outcome, such as African-Americans. This study investigates the role of ROBO1-pathway in predicting outcome and race-based disparity in patients with CaP. METHODS AND RESULTS Aided by RNA sequencing-based DECIPHER-testing and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of tumors we show that ROBO1 is lost during the progressive stages of CaP, a prevalent feature in African-Americans. We show that the loss of ROBO1 predicts high-risk of recurrence, metastasis and poor outcome of androgen-deprivation therapy in radical prostatectomy-treated patients. These data identified an aggressive ROBO1deficient /DOCK1+ve sub-class of CaP. Combined genetic and IHC data showed that ROBO1 loss is accompanied by DOCK1/Rac1 elevation in grade-III/IV primary-tumors and Mets. We observed that the hypermethylation of ROBO1-promoter contributes to loss of expression that is highly prevalent in African-Americans. Because of limitations in restoring ROBO1 function, we asked if targeting the DOCK1 could be an ideal strategy to inhibit progression or treat ROBO1deficient metastatic-CaP. We tested the pharmacological efficacy of CPYPP, a selective inhibitor of DOCK1 under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Using ROBO1-ve and ROBO1+ve CaP models, we determined the median effective concentration of CPYPP for growth. DOCK1-inhibitor treatment significantly decreased the (a) Rac1-GTP/β-catenin activity, (b) transmigration of ROBO1deficient cells across endothelial lining, and (c) metastatic spread of ROBO1deficient cells through the vasculature of transgenicfl Zebrafish model. CONCLUSION We suggest that ROBO1 status forms as predictive biomarker of outcome in high-risk populations such as African-Americans and DOCK1-targeting therapy has a clinical potential for treating metastatic-CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G. Ferrari
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
| | - Arsheed A. Ganaie
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
| | - Ashraf Shabenah
- Institute for Health Informatics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
| | - Adrian P. Mansini
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
| | - Li Wang
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Paari Murugan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota
| | | | - Jinhua Wang
- Institute for Health Informatics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
| | - Yibin Deng
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
| | | | - Christopher A. Warlick
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
| | - Badrinath R. Konety
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
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24
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Li JC, Chang X, Chen Y, Li XZ, Zhang XL, Yang SM, Hu CJ, Zhang H. Loss of the Tumor Suppressor HACE1 Contributes to Cancer Progression. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:1018-1028. [PMID: 30827236 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190227184654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
HACE1 belongs to the family of HECT domain-containing E3 ligases, which plays an important role in the occurrence, invasion and metastatic process in many human malignancies. HACE1 is a tumor suppressor gene that is reduced in most cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissue. The loss or knocking out of HACE1 leads to enhanced tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis; in contrast, the overexpression of HACE1 can inhibit the development of tumors. Hypermethylation reduces the expression of HACE1, thereby promoting tumor development. HACE1 can inhibit the development of inflammation or tumors via the ubiquitination pathway. Therefore, HACE1 may be a potential therapeutic target, providing new strategies for disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Chen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xin-Zhe Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xiang-Lian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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25
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Mastrangelo M, Torres B, De Vita G, Goldoni M, De Giorgi A, Bernardini L, Leuzzi V. Neurodevelopmental Impairment As the Main Phenotypic Hallmark Associated with the Translocation t(7;10)(7p22.3;q26.11). J Pediatr Genet 2020; 11:68-73. [PMID: 35186394 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Reported here is a novel patient carrying an unbalanced t (10q26.11-q26.3; 7p22.3) and presenting with a severe intellectual disability with autistic features, abnormalities of muscle tone, and a drug-responsive epilepsy. The prominence of neurological and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in the clinical phenotype highlights a possible pathogenic role for different genes in the involved regions. Hypothetical mechanisms may include a possible gene dosage effect for DOCK1 and/or haploinsufficiency of PRKAR1B SUN1, ADAP1 , and GPER1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mastrangelo
- Division of Child Neurology and Infantile Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Torres
- Medical Genetics Division, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Foundation, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gloria De Vita
- Division of Child Neurology and Infantile Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Goldoni
- Medical Genetics Division, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Foundation, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Agnese De Giorgi
- Division of Child Neurology and Infantile Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bernardini
- Medical Genetics Division, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Foundation, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Division of Child Neurology and Infantile Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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26
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Chang L, Yang J, Jo CH, Boland A, Zhang Z, McLaughlin SH, Abu-Thuraia A, Killoran RC, Smith MJ, Côté JF, Barford D. Structure of the DOCK2-ELMO1 complex provides insights into regulation of the auto-inhibited state. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3464. [PMID: 32651375 PMCID: PMC7351999 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
DOCK (dedicator of cytokinesis) proteins are multidomain guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for RHO GTPases that regulate intracellular actin dynamics. DOCK proteins share catalytic (DOCKDHR2) and membrane-associated (DOCKDHR1) domains. The structurally-related DOCK1 and DOCK2 GEFs are specific for RAC, and require ELMO (engulfment and cell motility) proteins for function. The N-terminal RAS-binding domain (RBD) of ELMO (ELMORBD) interacts with RHOG to modulate DOCK1/2 activity. Here, we determine the cryo-EM structures of DOCK2-ELMO1 alone, and as a ternary complex with RAC1, together with the crystal structure of a RHOG-ELMO2RBD complex. The binary DOCK2-ELMO1 complex adopts a closed, auto-inhibited conformation. Relief of auto-inhibition to an active, open state, due to a conformational change of the ELMO1 subunit, exposes binding sites for RAC1 on DOCK2DHR2, and RHOG and BAI GPCRs on ELMO1. Our structure explains how up-stream effectors, including DOCK2 and ELMO1 phosphorylation, destabilise the auto-inhibited state to promote an active GEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leifu Chang
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Chang Hwa Jo
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Andreas Boland
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology, Science III, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ziguo Zhang
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | | | - Afnan Abu-Thuraia
- Montreal Institute of Clinical Research (IRCM), Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Ryan C Killoran
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Matthew J Smith
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Côté
- Montreal Institute of Clinical Research (IRCM), Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - David Barford
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
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27
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Both circular RNA DOCK1 (circDOCK1) and microRNA-124 (miR-124) are implicated in carcinogenesis, but functional association between these two molecules remains uncharacterized. Here, we aimed to ascertain the role of circDOCK1-miR-124 node in thyroid cancer cells. METHODS circDOCK1 in thyroid cancer specimens from 25 patients was quantified by qRT-PCR. FTC-133 and TPC-1 cells were enforced to overproduce circDOCK1 and miR-124 which were confirmed by qRT-PCR. The alteration in viability, migration and invasion was monitored. Cellular lysis was subjected to Western blot for detecting cyclin D1, p53, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), and vimentin. The phosphorylation of JAK1, STAT3, and AMPK was determined by Western blot. RESULTS Results from qRT-PCR showed circDOCK1 was enriched in thyroid carcinoma tissues. circDOCK1 fortified the viability of FTC-133 and TPC-1 cells, as well as their activities to migrate and invade. circDOCK1 increased cyclin D1 and decreased p53, and meanwhile induced the accumulation of MMP-9 and vimentin. miR-124 conferred a reverse effect on the abovementioned alteration. Besides, miR-124 blockaded the phosphorylation of JAK1, STAT3, and AMPK which was induced by circDOCK1. CONCLUSION circDOCK1 contributed to thyroid carcinogenesis through inhibition of miR-124 in thyroid cancer cells with dampening signaling transduction of JAK/STAT/AMPK in virtue of miR-124 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cui
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Xue
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
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28
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Zhang W, Zheng X, Xie S, Zhang S, Mao J, Cai Y, Lu X, Chen W, Ni H, Xie L. TBOPP enhances the anticancer effect of cisplatin by inhibiting DOCK1 in renal cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1187-1194. [PMID: 32626999 PMCID: PMC7339706 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with chemotherapy remains a challenge; therefore, improving the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying RCC chemoresistance and developing novel therapeutic strategies is important. Dedicator of cytokinesis 1 (DOCK1), the first member of the DOCK family to be discovered, displays various roles during tumorigenesis; however, its role during RCC progression is not completely understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to clarify the function of DOCK1 and 1-[2-(3′-(trifluoromethyl)-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-5-pyrrolidinylsulfonyl-2 (1H)-pyridone (TBOPP), a DOCK1-sensitive inhibitor, during RCC development and chemoresistance. The results of CCK-8 and EdU assay indicated that TBOPP decreased RCC cell viability and proliferation compared with the control group, and sensitized RCC cells to cisplatin. Moreover, RCC cells with high DOCK1 expression levels displayed increased resistance to cisplatin, whereas DOCK1 knockdown enhanced the lethal effects of cisplatin on RCC cells. Furthermore, the results determined by western blotting, CCK-8 and cell apoptosis assay indicated that TBOPP effectively reduced DOCK1 expression levels compared with the control group, and the TBOPP-mediated cisplatin sensitizing effect was mediated by DOCK1 inhibition. The present study suggests that DOCK1 plays a vital role in RCC cell chemoresistance to cisplatin; therefore, TBOPP may serve as a novel therapeutic agent for RCC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Shangzhi Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Shufen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Jiayan Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Ying Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Haibin Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Liping Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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Maldonado MDM, Medina JI, Velazquez L, Dharmawardhane S. Targeting Rac and Cdc42 GEFs in Metastatic Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:201. [PMID: 32322580 PMCID: PMC7156542 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rho family GTPases Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 have emerged as key players in cancer metastasis, due to their essential roles in regulating cell division and actin cytoskeletal rearrangements; and thus, cell growth, migration/invasion, polarity, and adhesion. This review will focus on the close homologs Rac and Cdc42, which have been established as drivers of metastasis and therapy resistance in multiple cancer types. Rac and Cdc42 are often dysregulated in cancer due to hyperactivation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), belonging to both the diffuse B-cell lymphoma (Dbl) and dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) families. Rac/Cdc42 GEFs are activated by a myriad of oncogenic cell surface receptors, such as growth factor receptors, G-protein coupled receptors, cytokine receptors, and integrins; consequently, a number of Rac/Cdc42 GEFs have been implicated in metastatic cancer. Hence, inhibiting GEF-mediated Rac/Cdc42 activation represents a promising strategy for targeted metastatic cancer therapy. Herein, we focus on the role of oncogenic Rac/Cdc42 GEFs and discuss the recent advancements in the development of Rac and Cdc42 GEF-interacting inhibitors as targeted therapy for metastatic cancer, as well as their potential for overcoming cancer therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Mar Maldonado
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Julia Isabel Medina
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis Velazquez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Suranganie Dharmawardhane
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of RNAs with a covalently closed loop structure without a 3′ polyadenylation [poly-(A)] tail or a 5′ cap. They used to be considered as the occasional and useless products of RNA splicing errors because they could not be detected by traditional RNA sequencing technology. Benefiting from the development of specific biochemical and computational approaches, researchers showed that circRNAs are universally expressed and functional. Further studies have revealed their important functions regarding regulating gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. These functions include acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, binding to RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), acting as transcriptional regulatory factors, and serving as translation templates. The advances in circRNA research has opened researchers' eyes to a new area of research on the roles of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of various diseases, especially at the immune level because of the close relationship between circRNAs and the immune response. Emerging research indicates that circRNAs could act as potential biomarkers related to diagnosis, therapeutic effects, and prognosis, and they may be effective therapeutic targets in immunological disorders, including certain diseases that are currently difficult to treat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xikun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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Chiang SK, Chang WC, Chen SE, Chang LC. DOCK1 Regulates Growth and Motility through the RRP1B-Claudin-1 Pathway in Claudin-Low Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111762. [PMID: 31717460 PMCID: PMC6896004 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dedicator of cytokinesis 1 (DOCK1) is a critical regulator of cancer metastasis. Claudins are transmembrane proteins that play a role in epithelial barrier integrity. Due to a loss or low expression of claudins (CLDN), the claudin-low type of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by a mesenchymal-like phenotype with strong metastatic potential. In order to elucidate the mechanism of DOCK1 in cancer metastasis, we first analyzed the transcriptomic changes using a clinical database of human TNBC and found that the increase in DOCK1 expression was highly correlated with the poor survival rate of TNBC patients. Interference with DOCK1 expression by shRNA resulted in re-expression of claudin-1 in conjunction with significant inhibition of cell viability and motility of claudin-low breast cancer cells. Accordingly, overexpression of claudin-1 suppressed cell viability and migration. Genetic knockdown and pharmacological blockade of Rac1/Rac2 up-regulated claudin-1. DOCK1 knockdown also caused a decrease in DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) expression and an increase in claudin-1 transcript and promoter activity. Furthermore, RRP1B mediated DOCK1 depletion, which up-regulated claudin-1 expression, cell viability, and motility in claudin-low breast cancer cells. This study demonstrated that DOCK1 mediates growth and motility through down-regulated claudin-1 expression via the RRP1B–DNMT–claudin-1 pathway and that claudin-1 serves as an important effector in DOCK1-mediated cancer progression and metastasis in claudin-low breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Kai Chiang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Shuen-Ei Chen
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Research Center for Sustainable Energy and Nanotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-E.C.); (L.-C.C.); Tel.: 886-4-22870613 (ext. 227) (S.-E.C.); +886-4-22052121 (ext. 7913) (L.-C.C.)
| | - Ling-Chu Chang
- Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-E.C.); (L.-C.C.); Tel.: 886-4-22870613 (ext. 227) (S.-E.C.); +886-4-22052121 (ext. 7913) (L.-C.C.)
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Hu N, Pang Y, Zhao H, Si C, Ding H, Chen L, Wang C, Qin T, Li Q, Han Y, Dai Y, Zhang Y, Shi J, Wu D, Zhang X, Cheng Z, Fu L. High expression of DOCK2 indicates good prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia. J Cancer 2019; 10:6088-6094. [PMID: 31762818 PMCID: PMC6856589 DOI: 10.7150/jca.33244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DOCK family proteins are evolutionarily conserved guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPase with different cellular functions. It has been demonstrated that DOCK1 had adverse prognostic effect in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We first analyzed data of 85 AML patients who were treated with chemotherapy and had available DOCK1 to DOCK11 expression information and found that DOCK1 and DOCK2 had prognostic significance in AML. In view of the known prognosis of DOCK1 in AML, we then explored the prognostic role of DOCK2. One hundred fifty-six AML patients with DOCK2 expression data were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and enrolled in this study. Patients were divided based on treatment modality into the chemotherapy group and the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) group. Each group was divided into two groups by the median expression levels of DOCK2. In the chemotherapy group, high DOCK2 expression was associated with longer event-free survival (EFS, P=0.001) and overall survival (OS, P=0.007). In the allo-HSCT group, EFS and OS were not significantly different between high and low DOCK2 expression groups. Multivariate analysis showed that high DOCK2 expression was an independent favorable prognostic factor for both EFS and OS in all patients (all P<0.05). In conclusion, our results indicated that high DOCK2 expression, in contrast to DOCK1, conferred good prognosis in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Hu
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Yifan Pang
- Department of Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA
| | - Hongmian Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Chaozeng Si
- Department of Operations and Information Management, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Tong Qin
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Qianyu Li
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Yifeng Dai
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Jinlong Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xinyou Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Zhiheng Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.,Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
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Li H, Mou Q, Li P, Yang Z, Wang Z, Niu J, Liu Y, Sun Z, Lv S, Zhang B, Yin C. MiR-486-5p inhibits IL-22-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cell by repressing Dock1. J Cancer 2019; 10:4695-4706. [PMID: 31528235 PMCID: PMC6746125 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of important steps that lead to cancer metastasis. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a T helper 17 (Th17) cells-secreted cytokine, it can promote invasion and metastasis of many cancers. MiR-486-5p is a microRNA that known to function as a tumor suppressor, and bioinformatics analysis predicts that Dock-1 has a binding site of miR-486-5p. In current research, we examined the relative expression levels of miR-486-5p and Dock-1 in 80 pairs of breast cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues, also the effects of modifying their levels in cultured cells. We illustrated that IL-22 and Dock1 promote the invasion, metastasis, and EMT of breast cancer using Transwell invasion assay, western blot and immunofluorescence. MiR-486-5p directly bound the Dock1 mRNA 3' untranslated region and inhibited IL-22-induced EMT of breast cancer cells via the Dock1/NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway. Dock1 overexpression reversed the effect caused by the overexpression of miR-486-5p. Overexpression of miR-486-5p or downregulation of Dock1 reduced pulmonary metastasis in mice. This study provided insight into a potential mechanism where miRNAs regulate breast cancer metastasis and provided a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Li
- Medicine Research Center, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qingjie Mou
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Peirui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhiyi Yang
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhaoyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jie Niu
- College of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhiliang Sun
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Shijun Lv
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chonggao Yin
- College of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Zhang G, Zhang J, Yang X, Zhang X, Yang S, Wang J, Hu K, Shi J, Ke X, Fu L. High expression of dedicator of cytokinesis 1 adversely influences the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:3053-3060. [PMID: 31114350 PMCID: PMC6489661 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s192845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Overexpression of dedicator of cytokinesis 1 (DOCK1) has been confirmed as an unfavorable prognostic marker in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Purpose: This study is to explore the clinical implications of DOCK1 on AML patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Patients and methods: We analyzed 71 de novo AML patients treated with allo-HSCT and divided them into two groups (DOCK1 high vs DOCK1 low) by the median expression level of DOCK1. Results: High DOCK1 expression was associated with older age (P=0.019), wild-type CEBPA (P=0.002), IDH1/2 mutations (P=0.010) and RUNX1 mutation (P=0.005). Univariate analyses showed that DOCK1 high and RUNX1 mutation were associated with shorter OS (P<0.001, P=0.024). Multivariate analysis confirmed the negative effect of high DOCK1 level on overall survival (P=0.010). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that in AML patients who received allo-HSCT, high DOCK1 expression might have a persistent negative prognostic impact post-transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoqi Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jilei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinpei Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Yang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Big Data, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Biswas M, Chatterjee SS, Boila LD, Chakraborty S, Banerjee D, Sengupta A. MBD3/NuRD loss participates with KDM6A program to promote DOCK5/8 expression and Rac GTPase activation in human acute myeloid leukemia. FASEB J 2019; 33:5268-5286. [PMID: 30668141 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801035r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer genome sequencing studies have focused on identifying oncogenic mutations. However, mutational profiling alone may not always help dissect underlying epigenetic dependencies in tumorigenesis. Nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) is an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex that regulates transcriptional architecture and is involved in cell fate commitment. We demonstrate that loss of MBD3, an important NuRD scaffold, in human primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells associates with leukemic NuRD. Interestingly, CHD4, an intact ATPase subunit of leukemic NuRD, coimmunoprecipitates and participates with H3K27Me3/2-demethylase KDM6A to induce expression of atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factors, dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) 5 and 8 (DOCK5/8), promoting Rac GTPase signaling. Mechanistically, MBD3 deficiency caused loss of histone deacytelase 1 occupancy with a corresponding increase in KDM6A, CBP, and H3K27Ac on DOCK5/8 loci, leading to derepression of gene expression. Importantly, the Cancer Genome Atlas AML cohort reveals that DOCK5/ 8 levels are correlated with MBD3 and KDM6A, and DOCK5/ 8 expression is significantly increased in patients who are MBD3 low and KDM6A high with a poor survival. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of DOCK signaling selectively attenuates AML cell survival. Because MBD3 and KDM6A have been implicated in metastasis, our results may suggest a general phenomenon in tumorigenesis. Collectively, these findings provide evidence for MBD3-deficient NuRD in leukemia pathobiology and inform a novel epistasis between NuRD and KDM6A toward maintenance of oncogenic gene expression in AML.-Biswas, M., Chatterjee, S. S., Boila, L. D., Chakraborty, S., Banerjee, D., Sengupta, A. MBD3/NuRD loss participates with KDM6A program to promote DOCK5/8 expression and Rac GTPase activation in human acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayukh Biswas
- Stem Cell and Leukemia Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), Translational Research Unit of Excellence (TRUE), Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.,Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-IICB, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; and
| | - Shankha Subhra Chatterjee
- Stem Cell and Leukemia Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), Translational Research Unit of Excellence (TRUE), Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.,Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-IICB, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; and
| | - Liberalis Debraj Boila
- Stem Cell and Leukemia Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), Translational Research Unit of Excellence (TRUE), Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.,Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-IICB, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; and
| | - Sayan Chakraborty
- Stem Cell and Leukemia Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), Translational Research Unit of Excellence (TRUE), Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.,Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-IICB, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; and
| | | | - Amitava Sengupta
- Stem Cell and Leukemia Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), Translational Research Unit of Excellence (TRUE), Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.,Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-IICB, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; and
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Zheng XB, Liu HS, Zhang LJ, Liu XH, Zhong XL, Zhou C, Hu T, Wu XR, Hu JC, Lian L, Deng QL, Chen YF, Ke J, He XW, Wu XJ, He XS, Lan P. Engulfment and Cell Motility Protein 1 Protects Against DSS-induced Colonic Injury in Mice via Rac1 Activation. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:100-114. [PMID: 30219846 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mucosal healing is an emerging therapeutic goal that could result in clinical remission of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. We sought to determine the role of engulfment and cell motility protein 1 [ELMO1] in wound healing in vitro and in vivo and to investigate the underlying pathways. METHODS RNA transcriptome sequencing was performed to detect the expression profiles of mRNA between inflamed tissues and corresponding non-inflamed tissues of IBD patients, followed by Gene Expression Omnibus [GEO] datasets and western blot analysis. The effects of ELMO1 overexpression or knockdown on cell migration and proliferation were determined. The dependence of these effects on Rac1 was assessed using a Rac1 inhibitor [NSC23766] and a Rac1 pull-down assay. We identified the underlying pathways involved by Gene Ontology [GO] analysis. A dextran sulphate sodium [DSS]-induced colitis model was established to evaluate the role of ELMO1 in colonic mucosal healing. RESULTS ELMO1 was upregulated in inflamed tissues compared with corresponding non-inflamed tissues. ELMO1 overexpression increased cell migration in a Rac1-dependent manner. Depletion of ELMO1, or NSC23766 administration, abolished this effect. GO analysis revealed that ELMO1 overexpression preferentially affected pathways involved in cytoskeletal regulation and wound healing, which was demonstrated by enhanced F-actin staining and increased numbers of extending lamellipodia in cells overexpressing ELMO1. In DSS-induced colitis, systemic delivery of pSin-EF2-ELMO1-Pur attenuated colonic inflammation and promoted recovery from colonic injury. The protective effect of ELMO1 was dependent on Rac1 activation. CONCLUSIONS ELMO1 protects against DSS-induced colonic injury in mice through its effect on epithelial migration via Rac1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bin Zheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Shan Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Long-Juan Zhang
- Laboratory of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuan-Hui Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhong
- Joint Cardiac Surgery Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chi Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tuo Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian-Rui Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Cong Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Lian
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi-Ling Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Ke
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Wen He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Fujita W, Yokote M, Gomes I, Gupta A, Ueda H, Devi LA. Regulation of an Opioid Receptor Chaperone Protein, RTP4, by Morphine. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 95:11-19. [PMID: 30348895 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.112987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling by classic analgesics, such as morphine, is governed primarily by the relative abundance of opioid receptors at the cell surface, and this is regulated by receptor delivery to, and retrieval from, the plasma membrane. Although retrieval mechanisms, such as receptor endocytosis, have been extensively investigated, fewer studies have explored mechanisms of receptor maturation and delivery to the plasma membrane. A previous study implicated receptor transporter proteins (RTPs) in the latter process. Since not much is known about regulation of RTP expression, we initiated studies examining the effect of chronic morphine administration on the levels of RTPs in the brain. Among the four RTPs, we detected selective and region-specific changes in RTP4 expression; RTP4 mRNA is significantly upregulated in the hypothalamus compared with other brain regions. We examined whether increased RTP4 expression impacted receptor protein levels and found a significant increase in the abundance of mu opioid receptors (MOPrs) but not other related G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs, such as delta opioid, CB1 cannabinoid, or D2 dopamine receptors) in hypothalamic membranes from animals chronically treated with morphine. Next, we used a cell culture system to show that RTP4 expression is necessary and sufficient for regulating opioid receptor abundance at the cell surface. Interestingly, selective MOPr-mediated increase in RTP4 expression leads to increases in cell surface levels of MOPr-delta opioid receptor heteromers, and this increase is significantly attenuated by RTP4 small interfering RNA. Together, these results suggest that RTP4 expression is regulated by chronic morphine administration, and this, in turn, regulates opioid receptor cell surface levels and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Fujita
- Departments of Frontier Life Science (W.F.) and Therapeutic Innovation and Pharmacology (M.Y., H.U.), Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; and Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (I.G., A.G., L.A.D.)
| | - Mini Yokote
- Departments of Frontier Life Science (W.F.) and Therapeutic Innovation and Pharmacology (M.Y., H.U.), Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; and Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (I.G., A.G., L.A.D.)
| | - Ivone Gomes
- Departments of Frontier Life Science (W.F.) and Therapeutic Innovation and Pharmacology (M.Y., H.U.), Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; and Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (I.G., A.G., L.A.D.)
| | - Achla Gupta
- Departments of Frontier Life Science (W.F.) and Therapeutic Innovation and Pharmacology (M.Y., H.U.), Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; and Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (I.G., A.G., L.A.D.)
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Departments of Frontier Life Science (W.F.) and Therapeutic Innovation and Pharmacology (M.Y., H.U.), Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; and Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (I.G., A.G., L.A.D.)
| | - Lakshmi A Devi
- Departments of Frontier Life Science (W.F.) and Therapeutic Innovation and Pharmacology (M.Y., H.U.), Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; and Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (I.G., A.G., L.A.D.)
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Jung SY, Mancuso N, Yu H, Papp J, Sobel E, Zhang ZF. Genome-Wide Meta-analysis of Gene-Environmental Interaction for Insulin Resistance Phenotypes and Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 12:31-42. [PMID: 30327367 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR)-related genetic variants are possibly associated with breast cancer, and the gene-phenotype-cancer association could be modified by lifestyle factors including obesity, physical inactivity, and high-fat diet. Using data from postmenopausal women, a population highly susceptible to obesity, IR, and increased risk of breast cancer, we implemented a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in two steps: (1) GWAS meta-analysis of gene-environmental (i.e., behavioral) interaction (G*E) for IR phenotypes (hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance) and (2) after the G*E GWAS meta-analysis, the identified SNPs were tested for their associations with breast cancer risk in overall or subgroup population, where the SNPs were identified at genome-wide significance. We found 58 loci (55 novel SNPs; 5 index SNPs and 6 SNPs, independent of each other) that are associated with IR phenotypes in women overall or women stratified by obesity, physical activity, and high-fat diet; among those 58 loci, 29 (26 new loci; 2 index SNPs and 2 SNPs, independently) were associated with postmenopausal breast cancer. Our study suggests that a number of newly identified SNPs may have their effects on glucose intolerance by interplaying with obesity and other lifestyle factors, and a substantial proportion of these SNPs' susceptibility can also interact with the lifestyle factors to ultimately influence breast cancer risk. These findings may contribute to improved prediction accuracy for cancer and suggest potential intervention strategies for those women carrying genetic risk that will reduce their breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yon Jung
- Translational Sciences Section, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Nick Mancuso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Herbert Yu
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Jeanette Papp
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eric Sobel
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Wang Q, Qu L, Chen X, Zhao YH, Luo Q. Progress in Understanding the Relationship Between Circular RNAs and Neurological Disorders. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 65:546-556. [PMID: 30069802 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1125-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of endogenous noncoding RNAs distinct from linear forms, are produced by backsplicing events within genes. circRNAs are structurally stable, highly conserved molecules found widely in organisms, and display tissue-type and developmental-stage specific expression patterns, which reveal their significant regulatory functions in gene expression. Based on accumulating evidence, some circRNAs are now believed to be a class of competitive endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression. For example, circRNAs may prevent microRNAs from inhibiting target RNAs acting as microRNA sponges, or interact with RNA binding proteins and thereby efficiently and post-transcriptionally regulate expression of the parental and other genes. In addition, an increasing number of studies have shown that circRNAs play important roles in the development and progression of neurological disorders. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview on the biogenesis, characteristics, and functions of circRNAs. We also discuss the critical role of circRNAs in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunhui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Steet, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lai Qu
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Steet, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Steet, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Steet, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Steet, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China.
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Liang Y, Wang S, Zhang Y. Downregulation of Dock1 and Elmo1 suppresses the migration and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer epithelial cells through the RhoA/Rac1 pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3481-3488. [PMID: 30127952 PMCID: PMC6096110 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dedicator of cytokinesis 1 (Dock1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, has been proven to facilitate cell survival, motility and proliferation via the activation of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1). Engulfment and cell motility 1 (Elmo1) serves as a mammalian homolog of Ced-12, which has been evolutionarily conserved from worm to human. The present study aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of Dock1 and Elmo1 in the migration and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) epithelial cells. Cell Counting kit-8, cell migration and cell invasion assays were performed to assess cell viability, migration and invasion, respectively. A plate clone formation assay was performed to determine cell proliferation. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays were used to evaluate mRNA and protein expression. The results revealed that the downregulation of Dock1 and Elmo1 inhibited cell viability, suppressed migration and invasion, and reduced Rac1 activity in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, downregulation of Dock1 and Elmo1 also attenuated the expression of migration-associated proteins and affected the Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA)/Rac1 pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that the downregulation of Dock1 and Elmo1 suppresses the migration and invasion of TNBC epithelial cells through the RhoA/Rac1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Liang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Shushu Wang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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Liu C, Guo T, Xu G, Sakai A, Ren S, Fukusumi T, Ando M, Sadat S, Saito Y, Khan Z, Fisch KM, Califano J. Characterization of Alternative Splicing Events in HPV-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identifies an Oncogenic DOCK5 Variant. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5123-5132. [PMID: 29945995 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and alternative splicing is considered to play important roles in tumor progression. Our study is designed to identify alternative splicing events (ASEs) in human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative HNSCC.Experimental Design: RNA sequencing data of 407 HPV-negative HNSCC and 38 normal samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and splice junctions were discovered using MapSplice. Outlier analysis was used to identify significant splicing junctions between HPV-negative HNSCC and normal samples. To explore the functional role of the identified DOCK5 variant, we checked its expression with qRT-PCR in a separate primary tumor validation set and performed proliferation, migration, and invasion assays.Results: A total of 580 significant splicing events were identified in HPV-negative HNSCC, and the most common type of splicing events was an alternative start site (33.3%). The prevalence of a given individual ASE among the tumor cohort ranged from 9.8% and 64.4%. Within the 407 HPV-negative HNSCC samples in TCGA, the number of significant ASEs differentially expressed in each tumor ranged from 17 to 290. We identified a novel candidate oncogenic DOCK5 variant confirmed using qRT-PCR in a separate primary tumor validation set. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments indicated that DOCK5 variant promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of HPV-negative HNSCC cells, and patients with higher expression of DOCK5 variant showed decreased overall survival.Conclusions: Analysis of ASEs in HPV-negative HNSCC identifies multiple alterations likely related to carcinogenesis, including an oncogenic DOCK5 variant. Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 5123-32. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Theresa Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Guorong Xu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Akihiro Sakai
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Shuling Ren
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Takahito Fukusumi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Mizuo Ando
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Sayed Sadat
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Yuki Saito
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Zubair Khan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kathleen M Fisch
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Joseph Califano
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California. .,Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
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Zuo Y, Ulu A, Chang JT, Frost JA. Contributions of the RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor Net1 to polyoma middle T antigen-mediated mammary gland tumorigenesis and metastasis. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:41. [PMID: 29769144 PMCID: PMC5956559 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The RhoA activating protein Net1 contributes to breast cancer cell proliferation, motility, and invasion in vitro, yet little is known about its roles in mammary gland tumorigenesis and metastasis. Methods Net1 knockout (KO) mice were bred to mice with mammary gland specific expression of the polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) oncogene. Mammary gland tumorigenesis and lung metastasis were monitored. Individual tumors were assessed for proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, RhoA activation, and activation of PyMT-dependent signaling pathways. Primary tumor cells from wild-type and Net1 KO mice were transplanted into the mammary glands of wild-type, nontumor-bearing mice, and tumor growth and metastasis were assessed. Gene expression in wild-type and Net1 KO tumors was analyzed by gene ontology enrichment and for relative activation of gene expression signatures indicative of signaling pathways important for breast cancer initiation and progression. A gene expression signature indicative of Net1 function was identified. Human breast cancer gene expression profiles were screened for the presence of a Net1 gene expression signature. Results We show that Net1 makes fundamental contributions to mammary gland tumorigenesis and metastasis. Net1 deletion delays tumorigenesis and strongly suppresses metastasis in PyMT-expressing mice. Moreover, we observe that loss of Net1 reduces cancer cell proliferation, inhibits tumor angiogenesis, and promotes tumor cell apoptosis. Net1 is required for maximal RhoA activation within tumors and for primary tumor cell motility. Furthermore, the ability of PyMT to initiate oncogenic signaling to ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt1 is inhibited by Net1 deletion. Primary tumor cell transplantation indicates that the reduction in tumor angiogenesis and lung metastasis observed upon Net1 deletion are tumor cell autonomous effects. Using a gene expression signature indicative of Net1 activity, we show that Net1 signaling is activated in 10% of human breast cancers, and that this correlates with elevated proliferation and PI3K pathway activity. We also demonstrate that human breast cancer patients with a high Net1 gene expression signature experience shorter distant metastasis-free survival. Conclusions These data indicate that Net1 is required for tumor progression in the PyMT mouse model and suggest that Net1 may contribute to breast cancer progression in humans. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-0966-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zuo
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Arzu Ulu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Chang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Frost
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Goyette MA, Duhamel S, Aubert L, Pelletier A, Savage P, Thibault MP, Johnson RM, Carmeliet P, Basik M, Gaboury L, Muller WJ, Park M, Roux PP, Gratton JP, Côté JF. The Receptor Tyrosine Kinase AXL Is Required at Multiple Steps of the Metastatic Cascade during HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Progression. Cell Rep 2018; 23:1476-1490. [PMID: 29719259 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AXL is activated by its ligand GAS6 and is expressed in triple-negative breast cancer cells. In the current study, we report AXL expression in HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancers where it correlates with poor patient survival. Using murine models of HER2+ breast cancer, Axl, but not its ligand Gas6, was found to be essential for metastasis. We determined that AXL is required for intravasation, extravasation, and growth at the metastatic site. We found that AXL is expressed in HER2+ cancers displaying epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signatures where it contributes to sustain EMT. Interfering with AXL in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) impaired transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-induced cell invasion. Last, pharmacological inhibition of AXL specifically decreased the metastatic burden of mice developing HER2+ breast cancer. Our data identify AXL as a potential anti-metastatic co-therapeutic target for the treatment of HER2+ breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Anne Goyette
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Duhamel
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Léo Aubert
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Ariane Pelletier
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Paul Savage
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | | | - Radia Marie Johnson
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Mark Basik
- Department of Oncology and Surgery, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Louis Gaboury
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - William J Muller
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Morag Park
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Philippe P Roux
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gratton
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-François Côté
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
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Michaelsen SR, Aslan D, Urup T, Poulsen HS, Grønbæk K, Broholm H, Kristensen LS. DNA Methylation Levels of the ELMO Gene Promoter CpG Islands in Human Glioblastomas. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E679. [PMID: 29495584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Complete surgical resection of glioblastoma is difficult due to the invasive nature of this primary brain tumor, for which the molecular mechanisms behind remain poorly understood. The three human ELMO genes play key roles in cellular motility, and have been linked to metastasis and poor prognosis in other cancer types. The aim of this study was to investigate methylation levels of the ELMO genes and their correlation to clinical characteristics and outcome in patients diagnosed with glioblastoma. To measure DNA methylation levels we designed pyrosequencing assays targeting the promoter CpG island of each the ELMO genes. These were applied to diagnostic tumor specimens from a well-characterized cohort of 121 patients who received standard treatment consisting of surgery, radiation therapy, plus concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy. The promoter methylation levels of ELMO1 and ELMO2 were generally low, whereas ELMO3 methylation levels were high, in the tumor biopsies. Thirteen, six, and 18 biopsies were defined as aberrantly methylated for ELMO1, ELMO2, and ELMO3, respectively. There were no significant associations between the methylation status of any of the ELMO gene promoter CpG islands and overall survival, progression-free survival, and clinical characteristics of the patients including intracranial tumor location. Therefore, the methylation status of the ELMO gene promoter CpG islands is unlikely to have prognostic value in glioblastoma.
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Chatterjee SS, Biswas M, Boila LD, Banerjee D, Sengupta A. SMARCB1 Deficiency Integrates Epigenetic Signals to Oncogenic Gene Expression Program Maintenance in Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:791-804. [PMID: 29483235 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
SWI/SNF is an evolutionarily conserved multi-subunit chromatin remodeling complex that regulates epigenetic architecture and cellular identity. Although SWI/SNF genes are altered in approximately 25% of human malignancies, evidences showing their involvement in tumor cell-autonomous chromatin regulation and transcriptional plasticity are limiting. This study demonstrates that human primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells exhibit near complete loss of SMARCB1 (BAF47 or SNF5/INI1) and SMARCD2 (BAF60B) associated with nucleation of SWI/SNFΔ SMARCC1 (BAF155), an intact core component of SWI/SNFΔ, colocalized with H3K27Ac to target oncogenic loci in primary AML cells. Interestingly, gene ontology (GO) term and pathway analysis suggested that SMARCC1 occupancy was enriched on genes regulating Rac GTPase activation, cell trafficking, and AML-associated transcriptional dysregulation. Transcriptome profiling revealed that expression of these genes is upregulated in primary AML blasts, and loss-of-function studies confirmed transcriptional regulation of Rac GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) by SMARCB1. Mechanistically, loss of SMARCB1 increased recruitment of SWI/SNFΔ and associated histone acetyltransferases (HAT) to target loci, thereby promoting H3K27Ac and gene expression. Together, SMARCB1 deficiency induced GEFs for Rac GTPase activation and augmented AML cell migration and survival. Collectively, these findings highlight tumor suppressor role of SMARCB1 and illustrate SWI/SNFΔ function in maintaining an oncogenic gene expression program in AML.Implications: Loss of SMARCB1 in AML associates with SWI/SNFΔ nucleation, which in turn promotes Rac GTPase GEF expression, Rac activation, migration, and survival of AML cells, highlighting SWI/SNFΔ downstream signaling as important molecular regulator in AML. Mol Cancer Res; 16(5); 791-804. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankha Subhra Chatterjee
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Translational Research Unit of Excellence (TRUE), Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mayukh Biswas
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Translational Research Unit of Excellence (TRUE), Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Liberalis Debraj Boila
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Translational Research Unit of Excellence (TRUE), Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Debasis Banerjee
- Clinical Hematology, Park Clinic, Gorky Terrace, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Amitava Sengupta
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Translational Research Unit of Excellence (TRUE), Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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Abstract
The small RhoGTPase Rac1 is implicated in a variety of events related to actin cytoskeleton rearrangement. Remarkably, another event that is completely different from those related to actin regulation has the same relevance; the Rac1-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through NADPH oxidases (NOX). Each outcome involves different Rac1 downstream effectors; on one hand, events related to the actin cytoskeleton require Rac1 to bind to WAVEs proteins and PAKs that ultimately promote actin branching and turnover, on the other, NOX-derived ROS production demands active Rac1 to be bound to a cytosolic activator of NOX. How Rac1-mediated signaling ends up promoting actin-related events, NOX-derived ROS, or both is poorly understood. Rac1 regulators, including scaffold proteins, are known to exert tight control over its functions. Hence, evidence of Rac1 regulatory events leading to both actin remodeling and NOX-mediated ROS generation are discussed. Moreover, cellular functions linked to physiological and pathological conditions that exhibit crosstalk between Rac1 outcomes are analyzed, while plausible roles in neuronal functions (and dysfunctions) are highlighted. Together, discussed evidence shed light on cellular mechanisms which requires Rac1 to direct either actin- and/or ROS-related events, helping to understand crucial roles of Rac1 dual functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Acevedo
- FONDAP Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Christian González-Billault
- FONDAP Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, 7800024, Chile; The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, USA.
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Tajiri H, Uruno T, Shirai T, Takaya D, Matsunaga S, Setoyama D, Watanabe M, Kukimoto-Niino M, Oisaki K, Ushijima M, Sanematsu F, Honma T, Terada T, Oki E, Shirasawa S, Maehara Y, Kang D, Côté JF, Yokoyama S, Kanai M, Fukui Y. Targeting Ras-Driven Cancer Cell Survival and Invasion through Selective Inhibition of DOCK1. Cell Rep 2018; 19:969-980. [PMID: 28467910 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic Ras plays a key role in cancer initiation but also contributes to malignant phenotypes by stimulating nutrient uptake and promoting invasive migration. Because these latter cellular responses require Rac-mediated remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, we hypothesized that molecules involved in Rac activation may be valuable targets for cancer therapy. We report that genetic inactivation of the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor DOCK1 ablates both macropinocytosis-dependent nutrient uptake and cellular invasion in Ras-transformed cells. By screening chemical libraries, we have identified 1-(2-(3'-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2-oxoethyl)-5-pyrrolidinylsulfonyl-2(1H)-pyridone (TBOPP) as a selective inhibitor of DOCK1. TBOPP dampened DOCK1-mediated invasion, macropinocytosis, and survival under the condition of glutamine deprivation without impairing the biological functions of the closely related DOCK2 and DOCK5 proteins. Furthermore, TBOPP treatment suppressed cancer metastasis and growth in vivo in mice. Our results demonstrate that selective pharmacological inhibition of DOCK1 could be a therapeutic approach to target cancer cell survival and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotada Tajiri
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takehito Uruno
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Immunology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shirai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takaya
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mayuki Watanabe
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Immunology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | | | - Kounosuke Oisaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Miho Ushijima
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Sanematsu
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Immunology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Teruki Honma
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takaho Terada
- RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Eiji Oki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Senji Shirasawa
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jean-François Côté
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (Université de Montréal), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | | | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fukui
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Immunology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Tomino T, Tajiri H, Tatsuguchi T, Shirai T, Oisaki K, Matsunaga S, Sanematsu F, Sakata D, Yoshizumi T, Maehara Y, Kanai M, Cote JF, Fukui Y, Uruno T. DOCK1 inhibition suppresses cancer cell invasion and macropinocytosis induced by self-activating Rac1P29S mutation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 497:298-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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49
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Ben Djoudi Ouadda A, He Y, Calabrese V, Ishii H, Chidiac R, Gratton JP, Roux PP, Lamarche-Vane N. CdGAP/ARHGAP31 is regulated by RSK phosphorylation and binding to 14-3-3β adaptor protein. Oncotarget 2018; 9:11646-11664. [PMID: 29545927 PMCID: PMC5837747 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein (CdGAP, also named ARHGAP31) is a negative regulator of the GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42. Associated with the rare developmental disorder Adams-Oliver Syndrome (AOS), CdGAP is critical for embryonic vascular development and VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. Moreover, CdGAP is an essential component in the synergistic interaction between TGFβ and ErbB-2 signaling pathways during breast cancer cell migration and invasion, and is a novel E-cadherin transcriptional co-repressor with Zeb2 in breast cancer. CdGAP is highly phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues in response to growth factors and is a substrate of ERK1/2 and GSK-3. Here, we identified Ser1093 and Ser1163 in the C-terminal region of CdGAP, which are phosphorylated by RSK in response to phorbol ester. These phospho-residues create docking sites for binding to 14-3-3 adaptor proteins. The interaction between CdGAP and 14-3-3 proteins inhibits the GAP activity of CdGAP and sequesters CdGAP into the cytoplasm. Consequently, the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of CdGAP is inhibited and CdGAP-induced cell rounding is abolished. In addition, 14-3-3β inhibits the ability of CdGAP to repress the E-cadherin promoter and to induce cell migration. Finally, we show that 14-3-3β is unable to regulate the activity and subcellular localization of the AOS-related mutant proteins lacking these phospho-residues. Altogether, we provide a novel mechanism of regulation of CdGAP activity and localization, which impacts directly on a better understanding of the role of CdGAP as a promoter of breast cancer and in the molecular causes of AOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ben Djoudi Ouadda
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.,McGill University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Yi He
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.,McGill University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Viviane Calabrese
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Hidetaka Ishii
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.,McGill University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Rony Chidiac
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Department of pharmacology, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gratton
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Department of pharmacology, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Philippe P Roux
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Lamarche-Vane
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.,McGill University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
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50
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Liu TH, Zheng F, Cai MY, Guo L, Lin HX, Chen JW, Liao YJ, Kung HF, Zeng YX, Xie D. The putative tumor activator ARHGEF3 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell pathogenesis by inhibiting cellular apoptosis. Oncotarget 2017; 7:25836-48. [PMID: 27028992 PMCID: PMC5041948 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most prevalent forms of highly invasive malignancy in Southern China and Southeast Asia. The pathogenesis of NPC is a multistep process driven by the acquisition of numerous genetic abnormalities. We investigated the potential oncogenic role of the Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 gene, ARHGEF3, in NPC pathogenesis. Expression levels of ARHGEF3 were frequently up-regulated in NPC cell lines and tissues. In a large cohort of clinical NPC tissues high expression of ARHGEF3 was positively associated with an increased T status, distant metastasis, and a more advanced clinical stage (P < 0.05). Survival analysis revealed that ARHGEF3 expression was a significant and independent prognosis factor for NPC patients. In NPC cell lines, knockdown of ARHGEF3 was sufficient to inhibit cell growth, motility, and invasion in vitro, whereas ectopic overexpression of ARHGEF3 substantially enhanced NPC cells tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Depletion of ARHGEF3 in NPC cells dramatically promoted caspase-3 induced apoptosis and an anti-apoptosis factor, BIRC8, was identified as a critical downstream target of the ARHGEF3. Our findings suggest that increased expression of ARHGEF3 plays a critical oncogenic role in NPC pathogenesis by preventing cell apoptosis through the up-regulation of BIRC8, and ARHGEF3 might be employed as a novel prognostic marker and effective therapeutic target for human NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hao Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mu-Yan Cai
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan-Xin Lin
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Wei Chen
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ji Liao
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hsiang-Fu Kung
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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