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Rye CS, Ofstad AP, Åsvold BO, Romundstad PR, Horn J, Dalen H. The influence of diagnostic subgroups, patient- and hospital characteristics for the validity of cardiovascular diagnoses-Data from a Norwegian hospital trust. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302181. [PMID: 38626147 PMCID: PMC11020852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular discharge diagnoses may serve as endpoints in epidemiological studies if they have a high validity. Aim was to study if diagnoses-specific characteristics like type, sub-categories, and position of cardiovascular diagnoses affected diagnostic accuracy. METHODS Patients (n = 7,164) with a discharge diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, heart failure or cerebrovascular disease were included. Data were presented as positive predictive values (PPV) and sensitivity. RESULTS PPV was high (≥88%) for acute myocardial infarction (n = 2,189) (except for outpatients). For heart failure (n = 4,026) PPV was 67% overall, but higher (>99%) when etiology or echocardiography was included. For hemorrhagic (n = 257) and ischemic (n = 1,034) strokes PPVs were 87% and 80%, respectively, with sensitivity of 79% and 75%. Transient ischemic attacks (n = 926) had PPV 56%, but sensitivity 86%. Primary diagnoses showed higher validity than subsequent diagnoses and inpatient diagnoses were more valid than outpatient diagnoses (except for transient ischemic attack). The diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction and heart failure where most valid when placed at cardiology units, while ischemic stroke when discharged from an internal medicine unit. CONCLUSIONS The diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction and stroke had excellent validity when placed during hospital stays. Similarly, heart failure diagnoses had excellent validity when echocardiography was performed before placing the diagnosis, while overall the diagnoses of heart failure and transient ischemic attack were less valid. In conclusion, the results indicate that cardiovascular diagnoses based on objective findings such as acute myocardial infarction and stroke have excellent validity and may be used as endpoints in clinical epidemiological studies with less rigid validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Sæthern Rye
- Department of Medicine, Namsos Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Namsos, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne Pernille Ofstad
- Department of Medical Research, Bærum Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Gjettum, Norway
- Medical Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Norway KS, Asker, Norway
| | - Bjørn Olav Åsvold
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pål Richard Romundstad
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Julie Horn
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Håvard Dalen
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
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2
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Shah AM, Myhre PL, Arthur V, Dorbala P, Rasheed H, Buckley LF, Claggett B, Liu G, Ma J, Nguyen NQ, Matsushita K, Ndumele C, Tin A, Hveem K, Jonasson C, Dalen H, Boerwinkle E, Hoogeveen RC, Ballantyne C, Coresh J, Omland T, Yu B. Large scale plasma proteomics identifies novel proteins and protein networks associated with heart failure development. Nat Commun 2024; 15:528. [PMID: 38225249 PMCID: PMC10789789 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44680-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) causes substantial morbidity and mortality but its pathobiology is incompletely understood. The proteome is a promising intermediate phenotype for discovery of novel mechanisms. We measured 4877 plasma proteins in 13,900 HF-free individuals across three analysis sets with diverse age, geography, and HF ascertainment to identify circulating proteins and protein networks associated with HF development. Parallel analyses in Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study participants in mid-life and late-life and in Trøndelag Health Study participants identified 37 proteins consistently associated with incident HF independent of traditional risk factors. Mendelian randomization supported causal effects of 10 on HF, HF risk factors, or left ventricular size and function, including matricellular (e.g. SPON1, MFAP4), senescence-associated (FSTL3, IGFBP7), and inflammatory (SVEP1, CCL15, ITIH3) proteins. Protein co-regulation network analyses identified 5 modules associated with HF risk, two of which were influenced by genetic variants that implicated trans hotspots within the VTN and CFH genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amil M Shah
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Peder L Myhre
- Akershus University Hospital and K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Victoria Arthur
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pranav Dorbala
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Humaira Rasheed
- Akershus University Hospital and K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Research Center, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Leo F Buckley
- Department of Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Claggett
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guning Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianzhong Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ngoc Quynh Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kunihiro Matsushita
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chiadi Ndumele
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adrienne Tin
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Kristian Hveem
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Research Center, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christian Jonasson
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Research Center, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Håvard Dalen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Levanger Hospital, Levanger, Norway
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ron C Hoogeveen
- Division of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Josef Coresh
- Departments of Medicine and Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Akershus University Hospital and K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Kizer JR, Patel S, Ganz P, Newman AB, Bhasin S, Lee SJ, Cawthon PM, LeBrasseur NK, Shah SJ, Psaty BM, Tracy RP, Cummings SR. Circulating Growth Differentiation Factors 11 and 8, Their Antagonists Follistatin and Follistatin-Like-3, and Risk of Heart Failure in Elders. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glad206. [PMID: 37624693 PMCID: PMC10733168 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterochronic parabiosis has identified growth differentiation factor (GDF)-11 as a potential means of cardiac rejuvenation, but findings have been inconsistent. A major barrier has been lack of assay specificity for GDF-11 and its homolog GDF-8. METHODS We tested the hypothesis that GDF-11 and GDF-8, and their major antagonists follistatin and follistatin-like (FSTL)-3, are associated with incident heart failure (HF) and its subtypes in elders. Based on validation experiments, we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to measure total serum GDF-11 and GDF-8, along with follistatin and FSTL-3 by immunoassay, in 2 longitudinal cohorts of older adults. RESULTS In 2 599 participants (age 75.2 ± 4.3) followed for 10.8 ± 5.6 years, 721 HF events occurred. After adjustment, neither GDF-11 (HR per doubling: 0.93 [0.67, 1.30]) nor GDF-8 (HR: 1.02 per doubling [0.83, 1.27]) was associated with incident HF or its subtypes. Positive associations with HF were detected for follistatin (HR: 1.15 [1.00, 1.32]) and FLST-3 (HR: 1.38 [1.03, 1.85]), and with HF with preserved ejection fraction for FSTL-3 (HR: 1.77 [1.03, 3.02]). (All HRs per doubling of biomarker.) FSTL-3 associations with HF appeared stronger at higher follistatin levels and vice versa, and also for men, Blacks, and lower kidney function. CONCLUSIONS Among older adults, serum follistatin and FSTL-3, but not GDF-11 or GDF-8, were associated with incident HF. These findings do not support the concept that low serum levels of total GDF-11 or GDF-8 contribute to HF late in life, but do implicate transforming growth factor-β superfamily pathways as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge R Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sheena Patel
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peter Ganz
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Cardiology Division, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shalender Bhasin
- Research Program in Men’s Health: Aging and Metabolism, Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- The Jackson Laboratory and University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
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4
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Shikatani EA, Wang T, Dingwell LS, White-Dzuro C, Momen A, Husain M. GDF5 deficiency prevents cardiac rupture following acute myocardial infarction in mice. Cardiovasc Pathol 2024; 68:107581. [PMID: 37838075 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed that growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) limits infarct expansion post-myocardial infarction (MI). We now examine the acute post-MI role of GDF5 in cardiac rupture. METHODS AND RESULTS Following permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery, GDF5 deficiency (i.e., GDF5 knockout mice) reduced the incidence of cardiac rupture (4/24 vs. 17/24; P < .05), and improved survival over 28-d compared to wild-type (WT) mice (79% vs. 25%; P < .0001). Moreover, at 3-d post-MI, GDF5-deficient mice manifest: (a) reduced heart weight/body weight ratio (P < .0001) without differences in infarct size or cardiomyocyte size; (b) increased infarct zone expression of Col1a1 (P < .05) and Col3a1 (P < .01), suggesting increased myocardial fibrosis; and (c) reduced aortic and left ventricular peak systolic pressures (P ≤ .05), suggesting reduced afterload. Despite dysregulated inflammatory markers and reduced circulating monocytes in GDF5-deficient mice at 3-d post-MI, reciprocal bone marrow transplantation (BMT) failed to implicate GDF5 in BM-derived cells, suggesting the involvement of tissue-resident GDF5 expression in cardiac rupture. CONCLUSIONS Loss of GDF5 reduces cardiac rupture post-MI with increased myocardial fibrosis and lower afterload, albeit at the cost of chronic adverse remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Shikatani
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tao Wang
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luke S Dingwell
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin White-Dzuro
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdul Momen
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mansoor Husain
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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5
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Kuku KO, Shearer JJ, Hashemian M, Oyetoro R, Park H, Dulek B, Bielinski SJ, Larson NB, Ganz P, Levy D, Psaty BM, Joo J, Roger VL. Development and Validation of a Protein Risk Score for Mortality in Heart Failure : A Community Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med 2024; 177:39-49. [PMID: 38163367 PMCID: PMC10958437 DOI: 10.7326/m23-2328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome with high mortality. Current risk stratification approaches lack precision. High-throughput proteomics could improve risk prediction. Its use in clinical practice to guide the management of patients with HF depends on validation and evidence of clinical benefit. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a protein risk score for mortality in patients with HF. DESIGN Community-based cohort. SETTING Southeast Minnesota. PARTICIPANTS Patients with HF enrolled between 2003 and 2012 and followed through 2021. MEASUREMENTS A total of 7289 plasma proteins in 1351 patients with HF were measured using the SomaScan Assay (SomaLogic). A protein risk score was derived using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and temporal validation in patients enrolled between 2003 and 2007 (development cohort) and 2008 and 2012 (validation cohort). Multivariable Cox regression was used to examine the association between the protein risk score and mortality. The performance of the protein risk score to predict 5-year mortality risk was assessed using calibration plots, decision curves, and relative utility analyses and compared with a clinical model, including the Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure mortality risk score and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. RESULTS The development (n = 855; median age, 78 years; 50% women; 29% with ejection fraction <40%) and validation cohorts (n = 496; median age, 76 years; 45% women; 33% with ejection fraction <40%) were mostly similar. In the development cohort, 38 unique proteins were selected for the protein risk score. Independent of ejection fraction, the protein risk score demonstrated good calibration, reclassified mortality risk particularly at the extremes of the risk distribution, and showed greater clinical utility compared with the clinical model. LIMITATION Participants were predominantly of European ancestry, potentially limiting the generalizability of the findings to different patient populations. CONCLUSION Validation of the protein risk score demonstrated good calibration and evidence of predicted benefits to stratify the risk for death in HF superior to that of clinical methods. Further studies are needed to prospectively evaluate the score's performance in diverse populations and determine risk thresholds for interventions. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE Division of Intramural Research at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayode O Kuku
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph J. Shearer
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maryam Hashemian
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca Oyetoro
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hoyoung Park
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brittany Dulek
- Integrated Data Science Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Suzette, J. Bielinski
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nicholas B. Larson
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter Ganz
- Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genomics, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jungnam Joo
- Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Véronique L. Roger
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Kraler S, Balbi C, Vdovenko D, Lapikova-Bryhinska T, Camici GG, Liberale L, Bonetti N, Canestro CD, Burger F, Roth A, Carbone F, Vassalli G, Mach F, Bhasin S, Wenzl FA, Muller O, Räber L, Matter CM, Montecucco F, Lüscher TF, Akhmedov A. Circulating GDF11 exacerbates myocardial injury in mice and associates with increased infarct size in humans. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2729-2742. [PMID: 37742057 PMCID: PMC10757585 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The heart rejuvenating effects of circulating growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a transforming growth factor-β superfamily member that shares 90% homology with myostatin (MSTN), remains controversial. Here, we aimed to probe the role of GDF11 in acute myocardial infarction (MI), a frequent cause of heart failure and premature death during ageing. METHODS AND RESULTS In contrast to endogenous Mstn, myocardial Gdf11 declined during the course of ageing and was particularly reduced following ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, suggesting a therapeutic potential of GDF11 signalling in MI. Unexpectedly, boosting systemic Gdf11 by recombinant GDF11 delivery (0.1 mg/kg body weight over 30 days) prior to myocardial I/R augmented myocardial infarct size in C57BL/6 mice irrespective of their age, predominantly by accelerating pro-apoptotic signalling. While intrinsic cardioprotective signalling pathways remained unaffected by high circulating GDF11, targeted transcriptomics and immunomapping studies focusing on GDF11-associated downstream targets revealed attenuated Nkx2-5 expression confined to CD105-expressing cells, with pro-apoptotic activity, as assessed by caspase-3 levels, being particularly pronounced in adjacent cells, suggesting an indirect effect. By harnessing a highly specific and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based assay, we show that in prospectively recruited patients with MI circulating GDF11 but not MSTN levels incline with age. Moreover, GDF11 levels were particularly elevated in those at high risk for adverse outcomes following the acute event, with circulating GDF11 emerging as an independent predictor of myocardial infarct size, as estimated by standardized peak creatine kinase-MB levels. CONCLUSION Our data challenge the initially reported heart rejuvenating effects of circulating GDF11 and suggest that high levels of systemic GDF11 exacerbate myocardial injury in mice and humans alike. Persistently high GDF11 levels during ageing may contribute to the age-dependent loss of cardioprotective mechanisms and thus poor outcomes of elderly patients following acute MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Balbi
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
- Laboratories for Translational Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Daria Vdovenko
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | | | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicole Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Candela Diaz Canestro
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Burger
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aline Roth
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vassalli
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
- Laboratories for Translational Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shalender Bhasin
- Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florian A Wenzl
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Muller
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Räber
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Matter
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College and Kings College, London, UK
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
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7
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Gao J, Wang H, Shen J, Liu X, Zhu X, Huang C, Li G, Sun Y, Liu Z, Sun YE, Liu H. Mutual regulation between GDF11 and TET2 prevents senescence of mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2827-2840. [PMID: 37801347 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a putative systemic rejuvenation factor. In this study, we characterized the mechanism by which GDF11 reversed aging of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In culture, aged MSCs proliferate slower and are positive for senescence markers senescence-associated β-galactosidase and P16ink4a . They have shortened telomeres, decreased GDF11 expression, and reduced osteogenic potential. GDF11 can block MSC aging in vitro and reverse age-dependent bone loss in vivo. The antiaging effect of GDF11 is via activation of the Smad2/3-PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. Unexpectedly, GDF11 also upregulated a DNA demethylase Tet2, which served as a key mediator for GDF11 to autoregulate itself via demethylation of the GDF11 promoter. Mutation of Tet2 facilitates MSC aging by blocking GDF11 expression. Mutagenesis of Tet2-regulated CpG sites also blocks GDF11 expression, leading to MSC aging. Together, a novel mutual regulatory relationship between GDF11 and an epigenetic factor Tet2 unveiled their antiaging roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyan Shen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Translational Center for Stem Cell Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ce Huang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gongchen Li
- Department of Implantology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Implantology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Center for Stem Cell Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Implantology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Medical School, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hailiang Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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8
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Newman AB, Patel S, Kizer JR, Lee SJ, Bhasin S, Cawthon P, LeBrasseur N, Tracy RP, Ganz P, Cummings SR. Evaluation of Associations of Growth Differentiation Factor-11, Growth Differentiation Factor-8, and Their Binding Proteins Follistatin and Follistatin-Like Protein-3 With Dementia and Cognition. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:2039-2047. [PMID: 36660892 PMCID: PMC10613013 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies using heterochronic parabiosis discovered that circulating factors mediate brain aging in animal models. METHODS We assessed growth differentiation factors (GDF)-11 and GDF-8 using mass spectrometry and inhibitors follistatin and follistatin-like protein-3 (FSTL-3) with ELISA in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS; N = 1 506) and the Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study (N = 1 237). CLL-11 and beta-2 microglobulin (β2M) were measured with ELISA in a subset of 400 individuals in Health ABC. Associations were assessed with cognitive function, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings (CHS only), and incident dementia using correlations, linear regression, and Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS In CHS, levels of GDF-11, GDF-8, and follistatin were not correlated cross-sectionally with the 3MSE or DSST, brain MRI findings of white matter hyperintensity, atrophy, or small infarcts, nor were they associated with incident dementia. FSTL-3 was modestly correlated with poorer cognitive function, greater white matter hyperintensities, and atrophy on MRI, as well as with incident dementia with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.72 (95% CI = 1.13, 2.61) per doubling of FSTL-3. FSTL-3 was not associated with cognition or dementia in Health ABC, but GDF-8 was associated with both. The adjusted HR for incident dementia was 1.50 (95% CI = 1.07, 2.10) per doubling of GDF-8. CONCLUSIONS Total GDF-11 level was not related to cognition or dementia in older adults. Associations of GDF-8 with cognitive outcomes in Health ABC were not expected, but consistent with animal models. Associations of FSTL-3 with cognition, brain abnormalities, and incident dementia in CHS implicate TGFβ superfamily inhibition in the pathogenesis of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,USA
| | - Sheena Patel
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- Jackson Laboratory and University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shalinder Bhasin
- Research Program in Men’s Health, Aging and Metabolism, Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peggy Cawthon
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nathan LeBrasseur
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Russel P Tracy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont,USA
| | - Peter Ganz
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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9
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Dubin RF, Deo R, Ren Y, Wang J, Zheng Z, Shou H, Go AS, Parsa A, Lash JP, Rahman M, Hsu CY, Weir MR, Chen J, Anderson A, Grams ME, Surapaneni A, Coresh J, Li H, Kimmel PL, Vasan RS, Feldman H, Segal MR, Ganz P. Proteomics of CKD progression in the chronic renal insufficiency cohort. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6340. [PMID: 37816758 PMCID: PMC10564759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) portends myriad complications, including kidney failure. In this study, we analyze associations of 4638 plasma proteins among 3235 participants of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study with the primary outcome of 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate or kidney failure over 10 years. We validate key findings in the Atherosclerosis Risk in the Communities study. We identify 100 circulating proteins that are associated with the primary outcome after multivariable adjustment, using a Bonferroni statistical threshold of significance. Individual protein associations and biological pathway analyses highlight the roles of bone morphogenetic proteins, ephrin signaling, and prothrombin activation. A 65-protein risk model for the primary outcome has excellent discrimination (C-statistic[95%CI] 0.862 [0.835, 0.889]), and 14/65 proteins are druggable targets. Potentially causal associations for five proteins, to our knowledge not previously reported, are supported by Mendelian randomization: EGFL9, LRP-11, MXRA7, IL-1 sRII and ILT-2. Modifiable protein risk markers can guide therapeutic drug development aimed at slowing CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth F Dubin
- Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Rajat Deo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yue Ren
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jianqiao Wang
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zihe Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Haochang Shou
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alan S Go
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, the Department of Health Systems Science, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Afshin Parsa
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James P Lash
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mahboob Rahman
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chi-Yuan Hsu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, the Department of Health Systems Science, Oakland, CA, USA
- Division of Nephrology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew R Weir
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Amanda Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Morgan E Grams
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Precision Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aditya Surapaneni
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Precision Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul L Kimmel
- Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- University of Texas School of Public Health San Antonio and the University of Texas Health Sciences Center in San Antonio. Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harold Feldman
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark R Segal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter Ganz
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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10
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Driss LB, Lian J, Walker RG, Howard JA, Thompson TB, Rubin LL, Wagers AJ, Lee RT. GDF11 and aging biology - controversies resolved and pending. J Cardiovasc Aging 2023; 3:42. [PMID: 38235060 PMCID: PMC10793994 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Since the exogenous administration of GDF11, a TGF-ß superfamily member, was reported to have beneficial effects in some models of human disease, there have been many research studies in GDF11 biology. However, many studies have now confirmed that exogenous administration of GDF11 can improve physiology in disease models, including cardiac fibrosis, experimental stroke, and disordered metabolism. GDF11 is similar to GDF8 (also called Myostatin), differing only by 11 amino acids in their mature signaling domains. These two proteins are now known to be biochemically different both in vitro and in vivo. GDF11 is much more potent than GDF8 and induces more strongly SMAD2 phosphorylation in the myocardium compared to GDF8. GDF8 and GDF11 prodomain are only 52% identical and are cleaved by different Tolloid proteases to liberate the mature signaling domain from inhibition of the prodomain. Here, we review the state of GDF11 biology, highlighting both resolved and remaining controversies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ben Driss
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - John Lian
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ryan G. Walker
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - James A. Howard
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Thomas B. Thompson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Lee L. Rubin
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Amy J. Wagers
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard T. Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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11
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Xu B, Chen K, Su W, Liu Y, Sheng Y, Ye T, Wu G, Zong G. Correlation Between GDF11 Serum Levels, Severity of Coronary Artery Lesions, and the Prognosis of Patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2023; 16:938-947. [PMID: 36749564 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10358-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the correlation among serum GDF11, the severity of coronary artery lesions, and the prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). A total of 367 patients were enrolled and divided into control (n = 172) and STEMI (n = 195) groups. Serum GDF11 (P < 0.001) was an independent predictor of STEMI and was negatively correlated with SYNTAX score (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that serum GDF11 could screen patients for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). KM curve analysis showed that patients with lower concentration of GDF11 had a higher incidence of MACEs, and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the serum GDF11 (P < 0.001) was an independent predictor of MACEs. Serum GDF11 was negatively correlated with the severity of coronary lesions and was also an independent prognostic indicator of MACEs in patients with STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baida Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The 904Th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, 214044, China
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wentao Su
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yehong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The 904Th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, 214044, China
| | - Ying Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, The 904Th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, 214044, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The 904Th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, 214044, China
| | - Gangyong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The 904Th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, 214044, China.
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Gangjun Zong
- Department of Cardiology, The 904Th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, 214044, China.
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China.
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12
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Jakubina P, Meloux A, Duloquin G, Aho S, Vergely C, Béjot Y. Plasma growth differentiation factor - 8 / Myostatin level as prognostic biomarker of patients with ischemic stroke and acute revascularization therapy. PARADISE study. J Neurol Sci 2023; 448:120611. [PMID: 36958132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying biological markers of ischemic stroke (IS) is an important research approach to develop innovative therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to assess the association between plasma Growth Differentiation Factor-8 (GDF-8)/Myostatin levels and outcome of IS patients. METHODS Consecutive patients with acute IS treated with either intravenous thrombolysis and/or mechanical thrombectomy at Dijon University Hospital, France were prospectively included. Clinical variables were recorded, and plasma GDF-8 was collected just after the revascularization procedure. Primary endpoint was functional outcome at 3 months assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Secondary endpoints included mRS scores at 6 and 12 months, and overall mortality over 1-year of follow-up. RESULTS Among the 173 included patients (median age: 76 years, Interquartile range (IQR): 66-85; 49% women), median plasma GDF-8 levels at admission were significantly lower in those with a poor outcome at 3 months defined as a mRS score > 2 (2073 (IQR: 1564-2757) pg/mL versus 1471 (1192-2241) pg/mL, p < 0.001). Lower GDF-8 levels at admission were associated with higher 3-months mRS score in multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis (OR = 0.9995; 95% CI: 0.9991-0.9999, p = 0.011). The association was also observed with 6- and 12-month mRS scores. Although mortality was higher in patients with lower GDF-8 levels, the association was not significant in multivariable Cox analysis. CONCLUSION Lower plasma GDF-8 levels were associated with a poorer functional outcome in IS patients treated with acute revascularization therapy. Underlying pathophysiological mechanisms involving GDF-8 in post-stroke outcome remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Jakubina
- Dijon Stroke Registry, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Dijon, France.; EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases (PEC2), University of Burgundy, France
| | - Alexandre Meloux
- EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases (PEC2), University of Burgundy, France
| | - Gauthier Duloquin
- Dijon Stroke Registry, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Dijon, France.; EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases (PEC2), University of Burgundy, France
| | - Serge Aho
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital of Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Vergely
- EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases (PEC2), University of Burgundy, France
| | - Yannick Béjot
- Dijon Stroke Registry, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Dijon, France.; EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases (PEC2), University of Burgundy, France.
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13
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Ribeiro ASF, Zerolo BE, López-Espuela F, Sánchez R, Fernandes VS. Cardiac System during the Aging Process. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2023.0115. [PMID: 37163425 PMCID: PMC10389818 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging process is accompanied by a continuous decline of the cardiac system, disrupting the homeostatic regulation of cells, organs, and systems. Aging increases the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, thus heart failure and mortality. Understanding the cardiac aging process is of pivotal importance once it allows us to design strategies to prevent age-related cardiac events and increasing the quality of live in the elderly. In this review we provide an overview of the cardiac aging process focus on the following topics: cardiac structural and functional modifications; cellular mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction in the aging; genetics and epigenetics in the development of cardiac diseases; and aging heart and response to the exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blanca Egea Zerolo
- Escuela de Enfermería y Fisioterapia San Juan de Dios. Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fidel López-Espuela
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Raúl Sánchez
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Congénitas, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vítor S Fernandes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Ye D, Liu Y, Pan H, Feng Y, Lu X, Gan L, Wan J, Ye J. Insights into bone morphogenetic proteins in cardiovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1125642. [PMID: 36909186 PMCID: PMC9996008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1125642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secretory proteins belonging to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. These proteins play important roles in embryogenesis, bone morphogenesis, blood vessel remodeling and the development of various organs. In recent years, as research has progressed, BMPs have been found to be closely related to cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis, vascular calcification, cardiac remodeling, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). In this review, we summarized the potential roles and related mechanisms of the BMP family in the cardiovascular system and focused on atherosclerosis and PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqi Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiyi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liren Gan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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15
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Tsai MJ, Fay LY, Liou DY, Chen Y, Chen YT, Lee MJ, Tu TH, Huang WC, Cheng H. Multifaceted Benefits of GDF11 Treatment in Spinal Cord Injury: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010421. [PMID: 36613862 PMCID: PMC9820576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) initiates a series of cellular and molecular events that include both primary and secondary injury cascades. This secondary cascade provides opportunities for the delivery of therapeutic intervention. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, regulates various biological processes in mammals. The effects of GDF11 in the nervous system were not fully elucidated. Here, we perform extensive in vitro and in vivo studies to unravel the effects of GDF11 on spinal cord after injury. In vitro culture studies showed that GDF11 increased the survival of both neuronal and oligodendroglial cells but decreased microglial cells. In stressed cultures, GDF11 effectively inhibited LPS stimulation and also protected neurons from ischemic damage. Intravenous GDF11 administration to rat after eliciting SCI significantly improved hindlimb functional restoration of SCI rats. Reduced neuronal connectivity was evident at 6 weeks post-injury and these deficits were markedly attenuated by GDF11 treatment. Furthermore, SCI-associated oligodendroglial alteration were more preserved by GDF11 treatment. Taken together, GDF11 infusion via intravenous route to SCI rats is beneficial, facilitating its therapeutic application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Jywan Tsai
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Fay
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Dann-Ying Liou
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yi Chen
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Tzu Chen
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Jen Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsi Tu
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Huang
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Henrich Cheng
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-28757718
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16
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Inoue A, Piao L, Yue X, Huang Z, Hu L, Wu H, Meng X, Xu W, Yu C, Sasaki T, Itakura K, Umegaki H, Kuzuya M, Cheng XW. Young bone marrow transplantation prevents aging-related muscle atrophy in a senescence-accelerated mouse prone 10 model. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:3078-3090. [PMID: 36058630 PMCID: PMC9745469 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young bone marrow transplantation (YBMT) has been shown to stimulate vascular regeneration in pathological conditions, including ageing. Here, we investigated the benefits and mechanisms of the preventive effects of YBMT on loss of muscle mass and function in a senescence-associated mouse prone 10 (SAMP10) model, with a special focus on the role of growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF-11). METHODS Nine-week-old male SAMP10 mice were randomly assigned to a non-YBMT group (n = 6) and a YBMT group (n = 7) that received the bone marrow of 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS Compared to the non-YBMT mice, the YBMT mice showed the following significant increases (all P < 0.05 in 6-7 mice): endurance capacity (>61.3%); grip strength (>37.9%), percentage of slow myosin heavy chain fibres (>14.9-15.9%). The YBMT also increased the amounts of proteins or mRNAs for insulin receptor substrate 1, p-Akt, p-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase1/2, p-mammalian target of rapamycin, Bcl-2, peroxisom proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator (PGC-1α), plus cytochrome c oxidase IV and the numbers of proliferating cells (n = 5-7, P < 0.05) and CD34+/integrin-α7+ muscle stem cells (n = 5-6, P < 0.05). The YMBT significantly decreased the levels of gp91phox, caspase-9 proteins and apoptotic cells (n = 5-7, P < 0.05) in both muscles; these beneficial changes were diminished by the blocking of GDF-11 (n = 5-6, P < 0.05). An administration of mouse recombinant GDF-11 improved the YBMT-mediated muscle benefits (n = 5-6, P < 0.05). Cell therapy with young bone marrow from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice exhibited GFP+ myofibres in aged muscle tissues. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that YBMT can prevent muscle wasting and dysfunction by mitigating apoptosis and proliferation via a modulation of GDF-11 signalling and mitochondrial dysfunction in SAMP10 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Inoue
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Limei Piao
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, PR China
| | - Xueling Yue
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Human Cord Applied Cell Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Public Health, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hongxian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiangkun Meng
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Wenhu Xu
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, PR China
| | - Chenglin Yu
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, PR China
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuokaken, Japan
| | - Kohji Itakura
- Division for Medical Research Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, PR China
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17
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Höving AL, Schmidt KE, Kaltschmidt B, Kaltschmidt C, Knabbe C. The Role of Blood-Derived Factors in Protection and Regeneration of Aged Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179626. [PMID: 36077021 PMCID: PMC9455681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration substantially relies on the functionality of tissue-resident endogenous adult stem cell populations. However, during aging, a progressive decline in organ function and regenerative capacities impedes endogenous repair processes. Especially the adult human heart is considered as an organ with generally low regenerative capacities. Interestingly, beneficial effects of systemic factors carried by young blood have been described in diverse organs including the heart, brain and skeletal muscle of the murine system. Thus, the interest in young blood or blood components as potential therapeutic agents to target age-associated malignancies led to a wide range of preclinical and clinical research. However, the translation of promising results from the murine to the human system remains difficult. Likewise, the establishment of adequate cellular models could help to study the effects of human blood plasma on the regeneration of human tissues and particularly the heart. Facing this challenge, this review describes the current knowledge of blood plasma-mediated protection and regeneration of aging tissues. The current status of preclinical and clinical research examining blood borne factors that act in stem cell-based tissue maintenance and regeneration is summarized. Further, examples of cellular model systems for a more detailed examination of selected regulatory pathways are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L. Höving
- Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Kazuko E. Schmidt
- Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- AG Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Cornelius Knabbe
- Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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18
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Srivastava H, Pozzoli M, Lau E. Defining the Roles of Cardiokines in Human Aging and Age-Associated Diseases. Front Aging 2022; 3:884321. [PMID: 35821831 PMCID: PMC9261440 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.884321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years an expanding collection of heart-secreted signaling proteins have been discovered that play cellular communication roles in diverse pathophysiological processes. This minireview briefly discusses current evidence for the roles of cardiokines in systemic regulation of aging and age-associated diseases. An analysis of human transcriptome and secretome data suggests the possibility that many other cardiokines remain to be discovered that may function in long-range physiological regulations. We discuss the ongoing challenges and emerging technologies for elucidating the identity and function of cardiokines in endocrine regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himangi Srivastava
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Marina Pozzoli
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Edward Lau
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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19
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Williams SA, Ostroff R, Hinterberg MA, Coresh J, Ballantyne CM, Matsushita K, Mueller CE, Walter J, Jonasson C, Holman RR, Shah SH, Sattar N, Taylor R, Lean ME, Kato S, Shimokawa H, Sakata Y, Nochioka K, Parikh CR, Coca SG, Omland T, Chadwick J, Astling D, Hagar Y, Kureshi N, Loupy K, Paterson C, Primus J, Simpson M, Trujillo NP, Ganz P. A proteomic surrogate for cardiovascular outcomes that is sensitive to multiple mechanisms of change in risk. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabj9625. [PMID: 35385337 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj9625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A reliable, individualized, and dynamic surrogate of cardiovascular risk, synoptic for key biologic mechanisms, could shorten the path for drug development, enhance drug cost-effectiveness and improve patient outcomes. We used highly multiplexed proteomics to address these objectives, measuring about 5000 proteins in each of 32,130 archived plasma samples from 22,849 participants in nine clinical studies. We used machine learning to derive a 27-protein model predicting 4-year likelihood of myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, or death. The 27 proteins encompassed 10 biologic systems, and 12 were associated with relevant causal genetic traits. We independently validated results in 11,609 participants. Compared to a clinical model, the ratio of observed events in quintile 5 to quintile 1 was 6.7 for proteins versus 2.9 for the clinical model, AUCs (95% CI) were 0.73 (0.72 to 0.74) versus 0.64 (0.62 to 0.65), c-statistics were 0.71 (0.69 to 0.72) versus 0.62 (0.60 to 0.63), and the net reclassification index was +0.43. Adding the clinical model to the proteins only improved discrimination metrics by 0.01 to 0.02. Event rates in four predefined protein risk categories were 5.6, 11.2, 20.0, and 43.4% within 4 years; median time to event was 1.71 years. Protein predictions were directionally concordant with changed outcomes. Adverse risks were predicted for aging, approaching an event, anthracycline chemotherapy, diabetes, smoking, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer history, cardiovascular disease, high systolic blood pressure, and lipids. Reduced risks were predicted for weight loss and exenatide. The 27-protein model has potential as a "universal" surrogate end point for cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Josef Coresh
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | | | | | - Christian E Mueller
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland
| | - Joan Walter
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland.,Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich 7491, Switzerland
| | - Christian Jonasson
- Jebsen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Rury R Holman
- Diabetes Trials Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Svati H Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Duke Department of Medicine, and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Roy Taylor
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Michael E Lean
- School of Medicine, Nursing and Dentistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | | | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan.,Graduate School, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita 286-8686, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Sakata
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nochioka
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | | | - Steven G Coca
- Mt Sinai Clinical and Translational Science Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 11766, USA
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo 1478, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter Ganz
- Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
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20
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Li L, Gao Y, Liu Z, Dong C, Wang W, Wu K, Gu S, Zhou Y. GDF11 alleviates neointimal hyperplasia in a rat model of artery injury by regulating endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and rapid re-endothelialization. J Transl Med 2022; 20:28. [PMID: 35033112 PMCID: PMC8760779 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neointimal hyperplasia induced by interventional surgery can lead to progressive obliteration of the vascular lumen, which has become a major factor affecting prognosis. The rate of re-endothelialization is known to be inversely related to neointima formation. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a secreted protein with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiaging properties. Recent reports have indicated that GDF11 can improve vascular remodeling by maintaining the differentiated phenotypes of vascular smooth muscle cells. However, it is not known whether and how GDF11 promotes re-endothelialization in vascular injury. The present study was performed to clarify the influence of GDF11 on re-endothelialization after vascular injury. Methods An adult Sprague–Dawley rat model of common carotid artery balloon dilatation injury was surgically established. A recombinant adenovirus carrying GDF11 was delivered into the common carotid artery to overexpress GDF11. Vascular re-endothelialization and neointima formation were assessed in harvested carotid arteries through histomolecular analysis. CCK-8 analysis, LDH release and Western blotting were performed to investigate the effects of GDF11 on endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and relevant signaling pathways in vitro. Results GDF11 significantly enhanced re-endothelialization and reduced neointima formation in rats with balloon-dilatation injury by suppressing the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Administration of an endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) inhibitor, 4PBA, attenuated endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by lysophosphatidylcholine. In addition, upregulation of LOX-1 expression involved elevated ER stress and could result in endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, GDF11 significantly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated endothelial cell pyroptosis by negatively regulating LOX-1-dependent ER stress. Conclusions We conclude that GDF11 improves re-endothelialization and can attenuate vascular remodeling by reducing endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These findings shed light on new treatment strategies to promote re-endothelialization based on GDF11 as a future target. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03229-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Zhenchuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Chenglai Dong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Kaiqin Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Shaorui Gu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yongxin Zhou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China.
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21
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Lee HJ, Hong SJ, Kim SS, Kwon YY, Choi BH, Choi KM, Sheen SH, Lee MJ, Hwang SY, Park K, Joo Y, Song H, Lee CK. CD4+/CD8+ Ratio and Growth Differentiation Factor 8 Levels in Peripheral Blood of Large Canine Males Are Useful Parameters to Build an Age Prediction Model. World J Mens Health 2022; 40:316-329. [PMID: 35021315 PMCID: PMC8987144 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To build an age prediction model, we measured CD4+ and CD8+ cells, and humoral components in canine peripheral blood. Materials and Methods Large Belgian Malinois (BGM) and German Shepherd Dog (GSD) breeds (n=27), aged from 1 to 12 years, were used for this study. Peripheral bloods were obtained by venepuncture, then plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated immediately. Six myokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-15, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), and GDF11 were measured from plasma and CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes ratio were measured from PBMC. These parameters were then tested with age prediction models to find the best fit model. Results We found that the T-lymphocyte ratio (CD4+/CD8+) was significantly correlated with age (r=0.46, p=0.016). Among the six myokines, only GDF8 showed a significant correlation with age (r=0.52, p=0.005). Interestingly, these two markers showed better correlations in male dogs than females, and BGM breed than GSD. Using these two age biomarkers, we could obtain the best fit in a quadratic linear mixed model (r=0.77, p=3×10-6). Conclusions Age prediction is a challenging task because of complication with biological age. Our quadratic linear mixed model using CD4+/CD8+ ratio and GDF8 level showed a meaningful age prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Jun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Jin Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Soo Kim
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Yon Kwon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Hwan Choi
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea
| | - Kyung-Mi Choi
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seo-Hyeong Sheen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Young Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Younghun Joo
- Military Working Dog Training Center, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hwayoung Song
- Military Working Dog Training Center, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Cheol-Koo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
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22
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Ravenscroft TA, Phillips JB, Fieg E, Bajikar SS, Peirce J, Wegner J, Luna AA, Fox EJ, Yan YL, Rosenfeld JA, Zirin J, Kanca O, Benke PJ, Cameron ES, Strehlow V, Platzer K, Jamra RA, Klöckner C, Osmond M, Licata T, Rojas S, Dyment D, Chong JSC, Lincoln S, Stoler JM, Postlethwait JH, Wangler MF, Yamamoto S, Krier J, Westerfield M, Bellen HJ. Heterozygous loss-of-function variants significantly expand the phenotypes associated with loss of GDF11. Genet Med 2021; 23:1889-1900. [PMID: 34113007 PMCID: PMC8487929 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a key signaling protein required for proper development of many organ systems. Only one prior study has associated an inherited GDF11 variant with a dominant human disease in a family with variable craniofacial and vertebral abnormalities. Here, we expand the phenotypic spectrum associated with GDF11 variants and document the nature of the variants. METHODS We present a cohort of six probands with de novo and inherited nonsense/frameshift (4/6 patients) and missense (2/6) variants in GDF11. We generated gdf11 mutant zebrafish to model loss of gdf11 phenotypes and used an overexpression screen in Drosophila to test variant functionality. RESULTS Patients with variants in GDF11 presented with craniofacial (5/6), vertebral (5/6), neurological (6/6), visual (4/6), cardiac (3/6), auditory (3/6), and connective tissue abnormalities (3/6). gdf11 mutant zebrafish show craniofacial abnormalities and body segmentation defects that match some patient phenotypes. Expression of the patients' variants in the fly showed that one nonsense variant in GDF11 is a severe loss-of-function (LOF) allele whereas the missense variants in our cohort are partial LOF variants. CONCLUSION GDF11 is needed for human development, particularly neuronal development, and LOF GDF11 alleles can affect the development of numerous organs and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Ravenscroft
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Sameer S Bajikar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Judy Peirce
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Jeremy Wegner
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Alia A Luna
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Eric J Fox
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Yi-Lin Yan
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Zirin
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oguz Kanca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul J Benke
- Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, FL, USA
| | | | - Vincent Strehlow
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chiara Klöckner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthew Osmond
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Licata
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha Rojas
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Dyment
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Josephine S C Chong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Baylor College of Medicine Joint Center of Medical Genetics, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, The People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | - Michael F Wangler
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joel Krier
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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23
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Bhatta L, Cepelis A, Vikjord SA, Malmo V, Laugsand LE, Dalen H, Langhammer A, Janszky I, Strand LB, Brumpton BM. Bone mineral density and risk of cardiovascular disease in men and women: the HUNT study. Eur J Epidemiol 2021. [PMID: 34515906 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-021-00803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The association between bone mineral density (BMD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not fully understood. We evaluated BMD as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and specifically atrial fibrillation (AF), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ischemic (IS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) and heart failure (HF) in men and women. This prospective population cohort utilized data on 22 857 adults from the second and third surveys of the HUNT Study in Norway free from CVD at baseline. BMD was measured using single and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the non-dominant distal forearm and T-score was calculated. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated from adjusted cox proportional hazards models. The analyses were sex-stratified, and models were adjusted for age, age-squared, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol use, and education level. Additionally, in women, we adjusted for estrogen use and postmenopause. During a mean follow-up of 13.6 ± 5.7 years, 2 928 individuals (12.8%) developed fatal or non-fatal CVD, 1 020 AF (4.5%), 1 172 AMI (5.1%), 1 389 IS (6.1%), 264 HS (1.1%), and 464 HF (2.0%). For every 1 unit decrease in BMD T-score the HR for any CVD was 1.01 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.04) in women and 0.99 (95% CI 0.94 to 1.03) in men. Point estimates for the four cardiovascular outcomes ranged from slightly protective (HR 0.95 for AF in men) to slightly deleterious (HR 1.12 for HS in men). We found no evidence of association of lower distal forearm BMD with CVD, AF, AMI, IS, HS, and HF.
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Chen L, Luo G, Liu Y, Lin H, Zheng C, Xie D, Zhu Y, Chen L, Huang X, Hu D, Xie J, Chen Z, Liao W, Bin J, Wang Q, Liao Y. Growth differentiation factor 11 attenuates cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury via enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and telomerase activity. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:665. [PMID: 34215721 PMCID: PMC8253774 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. Considering that GDF11 plays a role in the aging/rejuvenation process and that aging is associated with telomere shortening and cardiac dysfunction, we hypothesized that GDF11 might protect against IR injury by activating telomerase. Human plasma GDF11 levels were significantly lower in acute coronary syndrome patients than in chronic coronary syndrome patients. IR mice with myocardial overexpression GDF11 (oe-GDF11) exhibited a significantly smaller myocardial infarct size, less cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, fewer apoptotic cardiomyocytes, higher telomerase activity, longer telomeres, and higher ATP generation than IR mice treated with an adenovirus carrying a negative control plasmid. Furthermore, mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins and some antiapoptotic proteins were significantly upregulated by oe-GDF11. These cardioprotective effects of oe-GDF11 were significantly antagonized by BIBR1532, a specific telomerase inhibitor. Similar effects of oe-GDF11 on apoptosis and mitochondrial energy biogenesis were observed in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, whereas GDF11 silencing elicited the opposite effects to oe-GDF11 in mice. We concluded that telomerase activation by GDF11 contributes to the alleviation of myocardial IR injury through enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and suppressing cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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MESH Headings
- Aminobenzoates/pharmacology
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/genetics
- Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Growth Differentiation Factors/genetics
- Growth Differentiation Factors/metabolism
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mitochondria, Heart/drug effects
- Mitochondria, Heart/enzymology
- Mitochondria, Heart/genetics
- Mitochondria, Heart/pathology
- Myocardial Infarction/enzymology
- Myocardial Infarction/genetics
- Myocardial Infarction/pathology
- Myocardial Infarction/prevention & control
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/enzymology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/genetics
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Naphthalenes/pharmacology
- Organelle Biogenesis
- Rats
- Signal Transduction
- Telomerase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Telomerase/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Guangjin Luo
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yameng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hairuo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Cankun Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Dongxiao Xie
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yingqi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoxia Huang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Donghong Hu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiahe Xie
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhenhuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qiancheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Ma Y, Liu Y, Han F, Qiu H, Shi J, Huang N, Hou N, Sun X. Growth differentiation factor 11: a "rejuvenation factor" involved in regulation of age-related diseases? Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:12258-12272. [PMID: 33886503 PMCID: PMC8109099 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily of cytokines, is a critical rejuvenation factor in aging cells. GDF11 improves neurodegenerative and neurovascular disease outcomes, increases skeletal muscle volume, and enhances muscle strength. Its wide-ranging biological effects may include the reversal of senescence in clinical applications, as well as the ability to reverse age-related pathological changes and regulate organ regeneration after injury. Nevertheless, recent data have led to controversy regarding the functional roles of GDF11, because the underlying mechanisms were not clearly established in previous studies. In this review, we examine the literature regarding GDF11 in age-related diseases and discuss potential mechanisms underlying the effects of GDF11 in regulation of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yongping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongyan Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Na Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ningning Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Ren K, Li B, Liu Z, Xia L, Zhai M, Wei X, Duan W, Yu S. GDF11 prevents the formation of thoracic aortic dissection in mice: Promotion of contractile transition of aortic SMCs. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4623-4636. [PMID: 33764670 PMCID: PMC8107100 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is an aortic disease associated with dysregulated extracellular matrix composition and de‐differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11) is a member of transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) superfamily associated with cardiovascular diseases. The present study attempted to investigate the expression of GDF11 in TAD and its effects on aortic SMC phenotype transition. GDF11 level was found lower in the ascending thoracic aortas of TAD patients than healthy aortas. The mouse model of TAD was established by β‐aminopropionitrile monofumarate (BAPN) combined with angiotensin II (Ang II). The expression of GDF11 was also decreased in thoracic aortic tissues accompanied with increased inflammation, arteriectasis and elastin degradation in TAD mice. Administration of GDF11 mitigated these aortic lesions and improved the survival rate of mice. Exogenous GDF11 and adeno‐associated virus type 2 (AAV‐2)‐mediated GDF11 overexpression increased the expression of contractile proteins including ACTA2, SM22α and myosin heavy chain 11 (MYH11) and decreased synthetic markers including osteopontin and fibronectin 1 (FN1), indicating that GDF11 might inhibit SMC phenotype transition and maintain its contractile state. Moreover, GDF11 inhibited the production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, 3, 9 in aortic SMCs. The canonical TGF‐β (Smad2/3) signalling was enhanced by GDF11, while its inhibition suppressed the inhibitory effects of GDF11 on SMC de‐differentiation and MMP production in vitro. Therefore, we demonstrate that GDF11 may contribute to TAD alleviation via inhibiting inflammation and MMP activity, and promoting the transition of aortic SMCs towards a contractile phenotype, which provides a therapeutic target for TAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ren
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Buying Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengen Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xufeng Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Liang X, Dou X, Tian L, Li Q. A Renewed Focus on GDF11 Level Fluctuation in Human Serum in Relation to Physical Examination Indicators. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:1095-1102. [PMID: 31120107 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth and differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily. Previous studies have shown that GDF11 decreases with age and has antiaging effects; however, such reports are controversial. We choose 152 subjects covering a large age range (2 hours to 75 years) to measure serum GDF11. Twenty-two hematological variables and 13 biochemical values were measured. Pearson's analysis found a significant correlation between GDF11 and age (p = .0000, r = .4898), as well as serum creatinine, uric acid, triglycerides, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet volume distribution width. GDF11 negatively correlated with aspartate transaminase, white blood cell count, platelet count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count, mean platelet volume, and plateletcrit. Interestingly, we found GDF11 increases in people aged 20-30 years, holds steady in people aged 30-50 years, and increases in people older than 50 years. The results suggest that GDF11 serves different roles along the life span. The current actual evidence supports that GDF11 is helpful to promote aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liang
- Light Industry and Food Engineering College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaowei Dou
- Harvard Medical School, VA Medical Center, West Roxbury, Massachusetts
| | - Long Tian
- The Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital of Qinzhou City, China
| | - Quanyang Li
- Light Industry and Food Engineering College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Xu B, Huang Y, Zhang R, Tang M, He Z, Jin L, Zong Y, Hu C, Jia W. Serum growth differentiation factor 11 is closely related to metabolic syndrome in a Chinese cohort. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:234-243. [PMID: 32592621 PMCID: PMC7858141 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Despite increasing interest in growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) based on its involvement in age-related disorders, clinical implications - especially for metabolic diseases - remain unclear. Therefore, we assessed the association between serum GDF11 levels and metabolic disturbance in the Chinese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 381 individuals from the Shanghai Nicheng Cohort Study were included. In addition to anthropometry, laboratory and ultrasonography measurements, serum concentrations of GDF11 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Circulating GDF11 concentrations were unchanged with age (r = -0.064, P = 0.210), but showed an inverse relationship to body mass index, waist circumference and fat-free mass index (all P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed decreased GDF11 concentrations accompanied by elevated diastolic blood pressure, fasting and 2-h plasma glucose, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol after adjusting for sex, age and body mass index, whereas variations in aspartate aminotransferase and free thyroxine were consistent with GDF11 (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, people, especially men, with abnormal glycometabolism, body mass index and/or fat accumulation in the liver had lower serum levels of GDF11 (P < 0.05); an increase in metabolic syndrome morbidity along with the circulatory decline of GDF11 was found when stratified by GDF11-level quartiles (P-trend <0.001). Logistic regression showed that serum GDF11 levels were independently correlated with the presence of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio 0.665, 95% confidence interval 0.510-0.867, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS We confirmed GDF11 as an endocrine factor playing a significant role in multiple metabolic processes and an indicator of metabolic syndrome in the Chinese population, particularly in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Shanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Huang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney DiseasesJinling HospitalNanjing University School of MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Mengyang Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismFengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to the Southern Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhen He
- Shanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Li Jin
- Shanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Yicen Zong
- Shanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghaiChina
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismFengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to the Southern Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghaiChina
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Berezin AE, Berezin AA, Lichtenauer M. Myokines and Heart Failure: Challenging Role in Adverse Cardiac Remodeling, Myopathy, and Clinical Outcomes. Dis Markers 2021; 2021:6644631. [PMID: 33520013 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6644631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a global medical problem that characterizes poor prognosis and high economic burden for the health system and family of the HF patients. Although modern treatment approaches have significantly decreased a risk of the occurrence of HF among patients having predominant coronary artery disease, hypertension, and myocarditis, the mortality of known HF continues to be unacceptably high. One of the most important symptoms of HF that negatively influences tolerance to physical exercise, well-being, social adaptation, and quality of life is deep fatigue due to HF-related myopathy. Myopathy in HF is associated with weakness of the skeletal muscles, loss of myofibers, and the development of fibrosis due to microvascular inflammation, metabolic disorders, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The pivotal role in the regulation of myocardial and skeletal muscle rejuvenation, attenuation of muscle metabolic homeostasis, and protection against ischemia injury and apoptosis belongs to myokines. Myokines are defined as a wide spectrum of active molecules that are directly synthesized and released by both cardiac and skeletal muscle myocytes and regulate energy homeostasis in autocrine/paracrine manner. In addition, myokines have a large spectrum of pleiotropic capabilities that are involved in the pathogenesis of HF including cardiac remodeling, muscle atrophy, and cardiac cachexia. The aim of the narrative review is to summarize the knowledge with respect to the role of myokines in adverse cardiac remodeling, myopathy, and clinical outcomes among HF patients. Some myokines, such as myostatin, irisin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, interleukin-15, fibroblast growth factor-21, and growth differential factor-11, being engaged in the regulation of the pathogenesis of HF-related myopathy, can be detected in peripheral blood, and the evaluation of their circulating levels can provide new insights to the course of HF and stratify patients at higher risk of poor outcomes prior to sarcopenic stage.
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Suh J, Lee YS. Similar sequences but dissimilar biological functions of GDF11 and myostatin. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1673-93. [PMID: 33077875 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-00516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and myostatin (MSTN) are closely related TGFβ family members that are often believed to serve similar functions due to their high homology. However, genetic studies in animals provide clear evidence that they perform distinct roles. While the loss of Mstn leads to hypermuscularity, the deletion of Gdf11 results in abnormal skeletal patterning and organ development. The perinatal lethality of Gdf11-null mice, which contrasts with the long-term viability of Mstn-null mice, has led most research to focus on utilizing recombinant GDF11 proteins to investigate the postnatal functions of GDF11. However, the reported outcomes of the exogenous application of recombinant GDF11 proteins are controversial partly because of the different sources and qualities of recombinant GDF11 used and because recombinant GDF11 and MSTN proteins are nearly indistinguishable due to their similar structural and biochemical properties. Here, we analyze the similarities and differences between GDF11 and MSTN from an evolutionary point of view and summarize the current understanding of the biological processing, signaling, and physiological functions of GDF11 and MSTN. Finally, we discuss the potential use of recombinant GDF11 as a therapeutic option for a wide range of medical conditions and the possible adverse effects of GDF11 inhibition mediated by MSTN inhibitors.
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31
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Chen W, Wang H, Feng J, Chen L. Overexpression of circRNA circUCK2 Attenuates Cell Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via miR-125b-5p/GDF11 Signaling. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2020; 22:673-683. [PMID: 33230465 PMCID: PMC7585838 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are expressed at high levels in the brain and are involved in various central nervous system diseases. However, the potential role of circRNAs in ischemic stroke-associated neuronal injury remains largely unknown. Herein, we uncovered the function and underlying mechanism of the circRNA UCK2 (circUCK2) in ischemia stroke. The oxygen-glucose deprivation model in HT-22 cells was used to mimic ischemia stroke in vitro. Neuronal viability and apoptosis were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling) staining, respectively. Middle cerebral artery occlusion was conducted to evaluate the function of circUCK2 in mice. The levels of circUCK2 were significantly decreased in brain tissues from a mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Upregulated circUCK2 levels significantly decreased infarct volumes, attenuated neuronal injury, and improved neurological deficits. circUCK2 reduced oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cell apoptosis by regulating transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (Smad3) signaling. Furthermore, circUCK2 functioned as an endogenous miR-125b-5p sponge to inhibit miR-125b-5p activity, resulting in an increase in growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) expression and a subsequent amelioration of neuronal injury. Consequently, these findings showed that the circUCK2/miR-125b-5p/GDF11 axis is an essential signaling pathway during ischemia stroke. Thus, the circRNA circUCK2 may serve as a potential target for novel treatment in patients with ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanghao Chen
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jia Feng
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Lukui Chen
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Abstract
Background The majority of studies evaluating cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as a cardiovascular risk factor use cardiovascular mortality and not cardiovascular disease events as the primary end point, and generally do not include women. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of estimated CRF (eCRF) with the risk of first acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods and Results We included 26 163 participants (51.5% women) from the HUNT study (Nord‐Trøndelag Health Study), with a mean age of 55.7 years, without cardiovascular disease at baseline. Baseline eCRF was grouped into tertiles. AMI was derived from hospital records and deaths from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. We used Fine and Gray regression modeling to estimate subdistribution hazards ratio (SHR) of AMI, accounting for competing risk of death. During a mean (range) follow‐up of 13 (0.02–15.40) years (347 462 person‐years), 1566 AMI events were recorded. In fully adjusted models men in the 2 highest eCRF had 4% (SHR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.83–1.11) and 10% (SHR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.77–1.05) lower SHR of AMI, respectively, when compared with men in the lowest tertile. The corresponding numbers in women were 12% (SHR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.72–1.08) and 25% (SHR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60–0.95). Conclusions eCRF was inversely associated with risk of AMI event among women but not in men. Our data suggest that high eCRF may have substantial benefit in reducing the risk of AMI. Therefore, our data suggest that an increased focus on eCRF as a cardiovascular disease risk marker in middle‐aged and older adults is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Shigdel
- 1 Department of Public Health and Nursing Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway
| | - Håvard Dalen
- 2 K.G. Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway.,3 Clinic of Cardiology St. Olav's University Hospital Trondheim Norway.,4 Department of Medicine Levanger Hospital Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust Levanger Norway
| | - Xuemei Sui
- 5 Department of Exercise Science Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia SC
| | - Carl J Lavie
- 6 Department of Cardiovascular Diseases John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute Ochsner Clinical School The University of Queensland School of Medicine New Orleans LA
| | - Ulrik Wisløff
- 2 K.G. Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway.,7 School of Human Movement & Nutrition Sciences University of Queensland Australia
| | - Linda Ernstsen
- 1 Department of Public Health and Nursing Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway
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33
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Añón-Hidalgo J, Catalán V, Rodríguez A, Ramírez B, Silva C, Galofré JC, Salvador J, Frühbeck G, Gómez-Ambrosi J. Circulating GDF11 levels are decreased with age but are unchanged with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:1733-44. [PMID: 30897065 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily which declines with age and exerts anti-aging regenerative effects in skeletal muscle in mice. However, recent data in humans and mice are conflicting casting doubts about its true functional actions. The aim of the present study was to compare the circulating concentrations of GDF11 in individuals of different ages as well as body weight and glycemic status. Serum concentrations of GDF11 were measured by ELISA in 319 subjects. There was a significant increase in GDF11 concentrations in people in the 41-50 y group and a decline in the elder groups (61-70 and 71-80 y groups, P=0.008 for the comparison between all age groups). However, no significant correlation between fat-free mass index (FFMI), a formula used to estimate the amount of muscle mass in relation to height, and logGDF11 was observed (r=0.08, P=0.197). Moreover, no significant differences in circulating concentrations of GDF11 regarding obesity or glycemic status were found. Serum GDF11 concentrations in humans decrease in older ages being unaltered in obesity and T2D. Further studies should determine the exact pathophysiological role of GDF11 in aging.
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Tiemann J, Wagner T, Vanakker OM, van Gils M, Cabrera JLB, Ibold B, Faust I, Knabbe C, Hendig D. Cellular and Molecular Biomarkers Indicate Premature Aging in Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum Patients. Aging Dis 2020; 11:536-546. [PMID: 32489700 PMCID: PMC7220280 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular processes of aging are very heterogenic and not fully understood. Studies on rare progeria syndromes, which display an accelerated progression of physiological aging, can help to get a better understanding. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) caused by mutations in the ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 6 (ABCC6) gene shares some molecular characteristics with such premature aging diseases. Thus, this is the first study trying to broaden the knowledge of aging processes in PXE patients. In this study, we investigated aging associated biomarkers in primary human dermal fibroblasts and sera from PXE patients compared to healthy controls. Determination of serum concentrations of the aging biomarkers eotaxin-1 (CCL11), growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) showed no significant differences between PXE patients and healthy controls. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) showed a significant increase in serum concentrations of PXE patients older than 45 years compared to the appropriate control group. Tissue specific gene expression of GDF11 and IGFBP3 were significantly decreased in fibroblasts from PXE patients compared to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). IGFBP3 protein concentration in supernatants of fibroblasts from PXE patients were decreased compared to NHDF but did not reach statistical significance due to potential gender specific variations. The minor changes in concentration of circulating aging biomarkers in sera of PXE patients and the significant aberrant tissue specific expression seen for selected factors in PXE fibroblasts, suggests a link between ABCC6 deficiency and accelerated aging processes in affected peripheral tissues of PXE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Tiemann
- 1Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wagner
- 1Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | | | - Matthias van Gils
- 2Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - José-Luis Bueno Cabrera
- 3Haematology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Bettina Ibold
- 1Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Isabel Faust
- 1Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Knabbe
- 1Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Doris Hendig
- 1Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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Hudobenko J, Ganesh BP, Jiang J, Mohan EC, Lee S, Sheth S, Morales D, Zhu L, Kofler JK, Pautler RG, McCullough LD, Chauhan A. Growth differentiation factor-11 supplementation improves survival and promotes recovery after ischemic stroke in aged mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8049-8066. [PMID: 32365331 PMCID: PMC7244081 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor (GDF) 11 levels decline with aging. The age-related loss of GDF 11 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of age-related diseases. GDF11 supplementation reversed cardiac hypertrophy, bone loss, and pulmonary dysfunction in old mice, suggesting that GDF11 has a rejuvenating effect. Less is known about the potential of GDF11 to improve recovery after an acute injury, such as stroke, in aged mice. GDF11/8 levels were assessed in young and aged male mice and in postmortem human brain samples. Aged mice were subjected to a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Five days after MCAo, mice received and bromodeoxyuridine / 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and either recombinant GDF11 or vehicle for five days and were assessed for recovery for one month following stroke. MRI was used to determine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume, corpus callosum (CC) area, and brain atrophy at 30 days post-stroke. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess gliosis, neurogenesis, angiogenesis and synaptic density. Lower GDF11/8 levels were found with age in both mice and humans (p<0.05). GDF11 supplementation reduced mortality and improved sensorimotor deficits after stroke. Treatment also reduced brain atrophy and gliosis, increased angiogenesis, improved white matter integrity, and reduced inflammation after stroke. GDF11 may have a role in brain repair after ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Hudobenko
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bhanu Priya Ganesh
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Eric C Mohan
- University of Connecticut Health Science Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Songmi Lee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sunil Sheth
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Diego Morales
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liang Zhu
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Research Design Core, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Julia K Kofler
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Louise D McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Meloux A, Rochette L, Maza M, Bichat F, Tribouillard L, Cottin Y, Zeller M, Vergely C. Growth Differentiation Factor-8 (GDF8)/Myostatin is a Predictor of Troponin I Peak and a Marker of Clinical Severity after Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Med 2019; 9:E116. [PMID: 31906236 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF8), also known as myostatin, is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily that inhibits skeletal muscle growth. We aimed to investigate the association between GDF8 and peak troponin I levels after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS All consecutive patients admitted from June 2016 to February 2018 for type 1 AMI in the Coronary Care Unit of University Hospital of Dijon Bourgogne (France) were included in our prospective study. Blood samples were harvested on admission, and serum levels of GDF8 were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. RESULTS Among the 296 patients with type 1 AMI, median age was 68 years and 27% were women. GDF8 levels (median (IQR) = 2375 ng/L) were negatively correlated with age, sex and diabetes (p < 0.001 for all). GDF8 levels were higher in patients with in-hospital ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (VT/VF) than those without in-hospital VT/VF. GDF8 was positively correlated with troponin I peak (r = 0.247; p < 0.001). In multivariate linear regression analysis, log GDF8 (OR: 21.59; 95% CI 34.08-119.05; p < 0.001) was an independent predictor of troponin I peak. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that GDF8 levels could reflect the extent of myocardial damage during AMI, similar to peak troponin I, which is currently used to estimate infarct size. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking the GDF8 cytokine with troponin I levels.
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Goldstein JM, Valido A, Lewandowski JP, Walker RG, Mills MJ, Messemer KA, Besseling P, Lee KH, Wattrus SJ, Cho M, Lee RT, Wagers AJ. Variation in zygotic CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing outcomes generates novel reporter and deletion alleles at the Gdf11 locus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18613. [PMID: 31819086 PMCID: PMC6901511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54766-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology have significantly expanded the possibilities and accelerated the pace of creating genetically engineered animal models. However, CRISPR/Cas-based strategies designed to precisely edit the genome can often yield unintended outcomes. Here, we report the use of zygotic CRISPR/Cas9 injections to generate a knock-in GFP reporter mouse at the Gdf11 locus. Phenotypic and genomic characterization of founder animals from these injections revealed a subset that contained the correct targeting event and exhibited GFP expression that, within the hematopoietic system, was restricted predominantly to lymphoid cells. Yet, in another subset of founder mice, we detected aberrant integration events at the target site that dramatically and inaccurately shifted hematopoietic GFP expression from the lymphoid to the myeloid lineage. Additionally, we recovered multiple Gdf11 deletion alleles that modified the C-terminus of the GDF11 protein. When bred to homozygosity, most of these alleles recapitulated skeletal phenotypes reported previously for Gdf11 knockout mice, suggesting that these represent null alleles. However, we also recovered one Gdf11 deletion allele that encodes a novel GDF11 variant protein ("GDF11-WE") predicted to contain two additional amino acids (tryptophan (W) and glutamic acid (E)) at the C-terminus of the mature ligand. Unlike the other Gdf11 deletion alleles recovered in this study, homozygosity for the Gdf11WE allele did not phenocopy Gdf11 knockout skeletal phenotypes. Further investigation using in vivo and in vitro approaches demonstrated that GDF11-WE retains substantial physiological function, indicating that GDF11 can tolerate at least some modifications of its C-terminus and providing unexpected insights into its biochemical activities. Altogether, our study confirms that one-step zygotic injections of CRISPR/Cas gene editing complexes provide a quick and powerful tool to generate gene-modified mouse models. Moreover, our findings underscore the critical importance of thorough characterization and validation of any modified alleles generated by CRISPR, as unintended on-target effects that fail to be detected by simple PCR screening can produce substantially altered phenotypic readouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Goldstein
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Austin Valido
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Jordan P Lewandowski
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Ryan G Walker
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Melanie J Mills
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Kathleen A Messemer
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Paul Besseling
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Kyu Ha Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Samuel J Wattrus
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Miook Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Richard T Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Amy J Wagers
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Manolova V, Nyffenegger N, Flace A, Altermatt P, Varol A, Doucerain C, Sundstrom H, Dürrenberger F. Oral ferroportin inhibitor ameliorates ineffective erythropoiesis in a model of β-thalassemia. J Clin Invest 2019; 130:491-506. [PMID: 31638596 PMCID: PMC6934209 DOI: 10.1172/jci129382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Thalassemia is a genetic anemia caused by partial or complete loss of β-globin synthesis, leading to ineffective erythropoiesis and RBCs with a short life span. Currently, there is no efficacious oral medication modifying anemia for patients with β-thalassemia. The inappropriately low levels of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin enable excessive iron absorption by ferroportin, the unique cellular iron exporter in mammals, leading to organ iron overload and associated morbidities. Correction of unbalanced iron absorption and recycling by induction of hepcidin synthesis or treatment with hepcidin mimetics ameliorates β-thalassemia. However, hepcidin modulation or replacement strategies currently in clinical development all require parenteral drug administration. We identified oral ferroportin inhibitors by screening a library of small molecular weight compounds for modulators of ferroportin internalization. Restricting iron availability by VIT-2763, the first clinical stage oral ferroportin inhibitor, ameliorated anemia and the dysregulated iron homeostasis in the Hbbth3/+ mouse model of β-thalassemia intermedia. VIT-2763 not only improved erythropoiesis but also corrected the proportions of myeloid precursors in spleens of Hbbth3/+ mice. VIT-2763 is currently being developed as an oral drug targeting ferroportin for the treatment of β-thalassemia.
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Huang HT, Liu ZC, Wu KQ, Gu SR, Lu TC, Zhong CJ, Zhou YX. MiR-92a regulates endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) by targeting GDF11 via activate SMAD2/3/FAK/Akt/eNOS pathway. Ann Transl Med 2019; 7:563. [PMID: 31807544 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.09.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background The effects of miR-92a on EPCs are still poorly elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-92a on EPCs (Endothelial progenitor cells) in a model of hypoxia (HO) or high glucose (HG)-induced EPCs injury by targeting GDF11 (Differentiation growth factor 11). Methods The effects of miR-92a on EPCs subjected to HO or HG were investigated firstly. Subsequently, the action mechanism of miR-92a on EPCs by targeting GDF11 was elucidated. Proliferation, apoptosis, migration, angiogenesis was measured with MTT, flow cytometry, transwell, tube formation respectively. After 24 h, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by fluorescence intensity. LDH and NO (nitric oxide) levels were determined by ELISA. The expression of FLK-1 (fetal liver kinase 1) and vWF (von Willebrand factor) was detected by immunofluorescence. mRNA and protein expression levels were examined using PCR and western blotting respectively. The interaction between miR-92a and GDF11 was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results Our results showed that HO or HG increased apoptosis, production of LDH and generation of ROS, but decreased the ability of migration and tube formation and generation of NO in EPCs; inhibiting of miR-92a decreased HO or HG-induced injury of EPCs, whereas miR-92a over-expression had the opposite effect; the protective effects induced by inhibiting of miR-92a on EPCs could be reversed by GDF11 siRNA and the harmful effects induced by over-expression of miR-92a could be rescued by over-expression of GDF11, which showed that the harmful effects of miR-92a be related to its inhibition of GDF11 and subsequent inactivation of the SMAD2/3/FAK/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. Conclusions Inhibiting miR-92a can protect EPCs from HO or HG-induced injury. The effect of miR-92a on EPCs are mediated by regulating of GDF11 and downstream SMAD2/3/FAK/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Huang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Zhen-Chuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Kai-Qin Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Shao-Rui Gu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Tian-Cheng Lu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Chong-Jun Zhong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yong-Xin Zhou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
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Yang VK, Rush JE, Bhasin S, Wagers AJ, Lee RT. Plasma growth differentiation factors 8 and 11 levels in cats with congestive heart failure secondary to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Vet Cardiol 2019; 25:41-51. [PMID: 31568985 PMCID: PMC7703810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Growth differentiation factor (GDF) 11 has been shown to reduce cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Low levels of GDF-11 are associated with cardiac hypertrophy in humans. The authors hypothesized that plasma GDF-11 level is decreased in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Given the close homology between GDF-11 and myostatin/GDF-8, GDF-8 levels were also assessed. ANIMALS Thirty-seven client-owned cats were enrolled, including cats with normal cardiac structure (n = 16), cats with HCM or hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM; n = 14), and cats with HCM and congestive heart failure (CHF; n = 7). METHODS Plasma samples were analyzed for GDF-8 and GDF-11 using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. Levels of GDF-8 and GDF-11 were compared between cats with normal cardiac structure, HCM or HOCM, and CHF. RESULTS No differences in GDF-11 concentrations were found between cats with normal cardiac structure and cats with HCM/HOCM, with or without history of CHF. Decreased GDF-8 concentrations were detected in cats with CHF compared to cats with HCM/HOCM without history of CHF (p=0.031) and cats with normal cardiac structure (p=0.027). Growth differentiation factor 8 was higher in cats with HOCM compared to those with CHF (p=0.002). No statistical difference was noted in GDF-8 level as a function of age, weight, or body condition score. CONCLUSIONS Plasma GDF-11 was not different between cats with HCM/HOCM and cats with normal cardiac structure regardless of age. Plasma GDF-8 was decreased in cats with CHF compared to cats with normal cardiac structure and cats with asymptomatic HCM/HOCM, suggesting a possible role in CHF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Yang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA, 01536, USA.
| | - J E Rush
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, 200 Westboro Rd, North Grafton, MA, 01536, USA
| | - S Bhasin
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - A J Wagers
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA; Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, 77 Ave. Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - R T Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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Harper SC, Johnson J, Borghetti G, Zhao H, Wang T, Wallner M, Kubo H, Feldsott EA, Yang Y, Joo Y, Gou X, Sabri AK, Gupta P, Myzithras M, Khalil A, Franti M, Houser SR. GDF11 Decreases Pressure Overload-Induced Hypertrophy, but Can Cause Severe Cachexia and Premature Death. Circ Res 2019; 123:1220-1231. [PMID: 30571461 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.312955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Possible beneficial effects of GDF11 (growth differentiation factor 11) on the normal, diseased, and aging heart have been reported, including reversing aging-induced hypertrophy. These effects have not been well validated. High levels of GDF11 have also been shown to cause cardiac and skeletal muscle wasting. These controversies could be resolved if dose-dependent effects of GDF11 were defined in normal and aged animals as well as in pressure overload-induced pathological hypertrophy. OBJECTIVE To determine dose-dependent effects of GDF11 on normal hearts and those with pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Twelve- to 13-week-old C57BL/6 mice underwent transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. One-week post-TAC, these mice received rGDF11 (recombinant GDF11) at 1 of 3 doses: 0.5, 1.0, or 5.0 mg/kg for up to 14 days. Treatment with GDF11 increased plasma concentrations of GDF11 and p-SMAD2 in the heart. There were no significant differences in the peak pressure gradients across the aortic constriction between treatment groups at 1 week post-TAC. Two weeks of GDF11 treatment caused dose-dependent decreases in cardiac hypertrophy as measured by heart weight/tibia length ratio, myocyte cross-sectional area, and left ventricular mass. GDF11 improved cardiac pump function while preventing TAC-induced ventricular dilation and caused a dose-dependent decrease in interstitial fibrosis (in vivo), despite increasing markers of fibroblast activation and myofibroblast transdifferentiation (in vitro). Treatment with the highest dose (5.0 mg/kg) of GDF11 caused severe body weight loss, with significant decreases in both muscle and organ weights and death in both sham and TAC mice. CONCLUSIONS Although GDF11 treatment can reduce pathological cardiac hypertrophy and associated fibrosis while improving cardiac pump function in pressure overload, high doses of GDF11 cause severe cachexia and death. Use of GDF11 as a therapy could have potentially devastating actions on the heart and other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shavonn C Harper
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jaslyn Johnson
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Giulia Borghetti
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Sciences (H.Z.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Tao Wang
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Markus Wallner
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.,Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (M.W.)
| | - Hajime Kubo
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Eric A Feldsott
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yijun Yang
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yunichel Joo
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xinji Gou
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Abdel Karim Sabri
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Biotherapeutics Discovery Research (P.G., M.M.), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT
| | - Maria Myzithras
- Biotherapeutics Discovery Research (P.G., M.M.), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT
| | - Ashraf Khalil
- Research Beyond Borders (A.K., M.F.), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT
| | - Michael Franti
- Research Beyond Borders (A.K., M.F.), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT
| | - Steven R Houser
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center (S.C.H., J.J., G.B., T.W., M.W., H.K., E.A.F., Y.Y., Y.J., X.G., A.K.S., S.R.H.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
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Cepelis A, Brumpton BM, Laugsand LE, Dalen H, Langhammer A, Janszky I, Strand LB. Asthma, asthma control and risk of acute myocardial infarction: HUNT study. Eur J Epidemiol 2019; 34:967-77. [PMID: 31512117 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-019-00562-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Asthma, a chronic inflammatory airway disease, shares several common pathophysiological mechanisms with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Our aim was to assess the prospective associations between asthma, levels of asthma control and risk of AMI. We followed 57,104 adults without previous history of AMI at baseline from Nord-Trøndelag health study (HUNT) in Norway. Self-reported asthma was categorised as active asthma (i.e., using asthma medication) and non-active asthma (i.e., not using asthma medication). Levels of asthma control were defined as controlled, partly controlled, and uncontrolled based on the Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines. AMI was ascertained by linking HUNT data with hospital records. A total of 2868 AMI events (5.0%) occurred during a mean (SD) follow-up of 17.2 (5.4) years. Adults with active asthma had an estimated 29% higher risk of developing AMI [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.29, 95% CI 1.08-1.54] compared with adults without asthma. There was a significant dose-response association between asthma control and AMI risk, with highest risk in adults with uncontrolled asthma (adjusted HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.13-2.66) compared to adults with controlled asthma (p for trend < 0.05). The associations were not explained by smoking status, physical activity and C-reactive protein levels. Our study suggests that active asthma and poor asthma control are associated with moderately increased risk of AMI. Further studies are needed to evaluate causal relationship and the underlying mechanisms and to clarify the role of asthma medications in the risk of AMI.
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Daseke MJ, Valerio FM, Kalusche WJ, Ma Y, DeLeon-Pennell KY, Lindsey ML. Neutrophil proteome shifts over the myocardial infarction time continuum. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:37. [PMID: 31418072 PMCID: PMC6695384 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In response to myocardial infarction (MI), neutrophils (PMNs) are early responders that initiate the inflammatory reaction. Because macrophages and fibroblasts show polarization states after MI, we hypothesized PMNs also undergo phenotypic changes over the MI time course. The objective of the current study was to map the continuum of polarization phenotypes in cardiac neutrophils over the first week of MI. C57BL/6J male mice (3–6 months old) underwent permanent coronary artery ligation to induce MI, and PMNs were isolated from the infarct region at days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after MI. Day 0 served as a no MI negative control. Aptamer proteomics was performed on biological replicates (n = 10–12) for each time point. Day (D)1 MI neutrophils had a high degranulation profile with increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. D3 MI neutrophil profiles showed upregulation of apoptosis and induction of extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. D5 MI neutrophils further increased their ECM reorganization profile. D7 MI neutrophils had a reparative signature that included expression of fibronectin, galectin-3, and fibrinogen to contribute to scar formation by stimulating ECM reorganization. Of note, fibronectin was a key modulator of degranulation, as it amplified MMP-9 release in the presence of an inflammatory stimulus. Our results indicate that neutrophils selectively degranulate over the MI time course, reflective of both their intrinsic protein profiles as well as the ECM environment in which they reside. MMPs, cathepsins, and ECM proteins were prominent neutrophil degranulation indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Daseke
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Fritz M Valerio
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - William J Kalusche
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Yonggang Ma
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Kristine Y DeLeon-Pennell
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Merry L Lindsey
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985850 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5850, USA. .,Research Service, Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Ma J, Gao B, Zhang K, Zhang Q, Jia G, Li J, Li C, Yan LJ, Cai Z. Circulating factors in young blood as potential therapeutic agents for age-related neurodegenerative and neurovascular diseases. Brain Res Bull 2019; 153:15-23. [PMID: 31400495 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent animal studies on heterochronic parabiosis (a technique combining the blood circulation of two animals) have revealed that young blood has a powerful rejuvenating effect on brain aging. Circulating factors, especially growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and C-C motif chemokine 11 (CCL11), may play a key role in this effect, which inspires hope for novel approaches to treating age-related cerebral diseases in humans, such as neurodegenerative and neurovascular diseases. Recently, attempts have begun to translate these astonishing and exciting findings from mice to humans and from bench to bedside. However, increasing reports have shown contradictory data, questioning the capacity of these circulating factors to reverse age-related brain dysfunction. In this review, we summarize the current research on the role of young blood, as well as the circulating factors GDF11 and CCL11, in the aging brain and age-related cerebral diseases. We highlight recent controversies, discuss related challenges and provide a future outlook.
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Garbern J, Kristl AC, Bassaneze V, Vujic A, Schoemaker H, Sereda R, Peng L, Ricci-Blair EM, Goldstein JM, Walker RG, Bhasin S, Wagers AJ, Lee RT. Analysis of Cre-mediated genetic deletion of Gdf11 in cardiomyocytes of young mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H201-H212. [PMID: 31125255 PMCID: PMC6692736 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00615.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Administration of active growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) to aged mice can reduce cardiac hypertrophy, and low serum levels of GDF11 measured together with the related protein, myostatin (also known as GDF8), predict future morbidity and mortality in coronary heart patients. Using mice with a loxP-flanked ("floxed") allele of Gdf11 and Myh6-driven expression of Cre recombinase to delete Gdf11 in cardiomyocytes, we tested the hypothesis that cardiac-specific Gdf11 deficiency might lead to cardiac hypertrophy in young adulthood. We observed that targeted deletion of Gdf11 in cardiomyocytes does not cause cardiac hypertrophy but rather leads to left ventricular dilation when compared with control mice carrying only the Myh6-cre or Gdf11-floxed alleles, suggesting a possible etiology for dilated cardiomyopathy. However, the mechanism underlying this finding remains unclear because of multiple confounding effects associated with the selected model. First, whole heart Gdf11 expression did not decrease in Myh6-cre; Gdf11-floxed mice, possibly because of upregulation of Gdf11 in noncardiomyocytes in the heart. Second, we observed Cre-associated toxicity, with lower body weights and increased global fibrosis, in Cre-only control male mice compared with flox-only controls, making it challenging to infer which changes in Myh6-cre;Gdf11-floxed mice were the result of Cre toxicity versus deletion of Gdf11. Third, we observed differential expression of cre mRNA in Cre-only controls compared with the cardiomyocyte-specific knockout mice, also making comparison between these two groups difficult. Thus, targeted Gdf11 deletion in cardiomyocytes may lead to left ventricular dilation without hypertrophy, but alternative animal models are necessary to understand the mechanism for these findings. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We observed that targeted deletion of growth differentiation factor 11 in cardiomyocytes does not cause cardiac hypertrophy but rather leads to left ventricular dilation compared with control mice carrying only the Myh6-cre or growth differentiation factor 11-floxed alleles. However, the mechanism underlying this finding remains unclear because of multiple confounding effects associated with the selected mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Garbern
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amy C Kristl
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Vinicius Bassaneze
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ana Vujic
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Henk Schoemaker
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca Sereda
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Liming Peng
- Brigham Research Assay Core, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elisabeth M Ricci-Blair
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jill M Goldstein
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan G Walker
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Shalender Bhasin
- Brigham Research Assay Core, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amy J Wagers
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Richard T Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
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Añón-Hidalgo J, Catalán V, Rodríguez A, Ramírez B, Idoate-Bayón A, Silva C, Mugueta C, Galofré JC, Salvador J, Frühbeck G, Gómez-Ambrosi J. Circulating Concentrations of GDF11 are Positively Associated with TSH Levels in Humans. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060878. [PMID: 31248139 PMCID: PMC6617068 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a member of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily which declines with age and has been proposed as an anti-aging factor with regenerative effects in skeletal muscle in mice. However, recent data in humans and mice are conflicting, casting doubts about its true functional actions. The aim of the present study was to analyze the potential involvement of GFD11 in energy homeostasis in particular in relation with thyroid hormones. Serum concentrations of GDF11 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 287 subjects. A highly significant positive correlation was found between GDF11 and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations (r = 0.40, p < 0.001). Neither resting energy expenditure (REE) nor REE per unit of fat-free mass (REE/FFM) were significantly correlated (p > 0.05 for both) with GDF11 levels. In a multiple linear regression analysis, the model that best predicted logGDF11 included logTSH, leptin, body mass index (BMI), age, and C-reactive protein (logCRP). This model explained 37% of the total variability of logGDF11 concentrations (p < 0.001), with only logTSH being a significant predictor of logGDF11. After segregating subjects by TSH levels, those within the low TSH group exhibited significantly decreased (p < 0.05) GDF11 concentrations as compared to the normal TSH group or the high TSH group. A significant correlation of GDF11 levels with logCRP (r = 0.19, p = 0.025) was found. GDF11 levels were not related to the presence of hypertension or cardiopathy. In conclusion, our results show that circulating concentrations of GDF11 are closely associated with TSH concentrations and reduced in subjects with low TSH levels. However, GDF11 is not related to the regulation of energy expenditure. Our data also suggest that GDF11 may be involved in the regulation of inflammation, without relation to cardiac function. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of GDF11 in metabolism and its potential involvement in thyroid pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Añón-Hidalgo
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Victoria Catalán
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Ramírez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Adrián Idoate-Bayón
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Camilo Silva
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Mugueta
- Department of Biochemistry, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Juan C Galofré
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Javier Salvador
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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Idkowiak-Baldys J, Santhanam U, Buchanan SM, Pfaff KL, Rubin LL, Lyga J. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) has pronounced effects on skin biology. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218035. [PMID: 31181098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) belongs to the TGF-β superfamily of proteins and is closely related to myostatin. Recent findings show that GDF11 has rejuvenating properties with pronounced effects on the cardiovascular system, brain, skeletal muscle, and skeleton in mice. Several human studies were also conducted, some implicating decreasing levels of circulating GDF11 with age. To date, however, there have not been any reports on its role in human skin. This study examined the impact of GDF11 on human skin, specifically related to skin aging. The effect of recombinant GDF11 on the function of various skin cells was examined in human epidermal keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, melanocytes, dermal microvascular endothelial cells and 3D skin equivalents, as well as in ex vivo human skin explants. GDF11 had significant effects on the production of dermal matrix components in multiple skin models in vitro and ex vivo. In addition, it had a pronounced effect on expression of multiple skin related genes in full thickness 3D skin equivalents. This work, for the first time, demonstrates an important role for GDF11 in skin biology and a potential impact on skin health and aging.
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Chen P, Liu Z, Luo Y, Chen L, Li S, Pan Y, Lei X, Wu D, Xu D. Predictive value of serum myostatin for the severity and clinical outcome of heart failure. Eur J Intern Med 2019; 64:33-40. [PMID: 31056368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exact relationship between serum myostatin and the severity and prognosis of chronic heart failure (CHF) is unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between serum myostatin and the severity and prognosis in patients with CHF. METHODS Two hundred and eighty-eight CHF patients and 62 healthy controls were studied. Cardiac ultrasound and serum myostatin, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and other parameters were detected. CHF patients were divided into 3 groups according to tertiles of NT-proBNP or myostatin levels respectively. RESULTS Serum myostatin levels were higher in CHF patients than in controls. New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV patients had the highest levels of serum myostatin among the four NYHA classes. Compared with the low tertile NT-proBNP group, serum myostatin levels were significantly higher in the moderate and high tertile groups (15.47 ± 4.25 vs. 14.18 ± 3.69 ng/mL, p = .026; 16.28 ± 5.34 vs. 14.18 ± 3.69 ng/mL, p = .002). During 51-months follow-up, of 173 patients there were 36 deaths. Compared to survivors, nonsurvivors had significantly higher serum myostatin (18.11 ± 4.52 vs. 14.85 ± 5.11 ng/mL, p < .01). Patients in the high tertile myostatin group had lower survival rate (73.95% vs. 93.75%; p < .05) and larger number of CHF rehospitalization than those in the low tertile group. Cox regression analysis showed that serum myostatin was an independent predictor of mortality. CONCLUSIONS Serum myostatin levels can reflect the severity of CHF and be a predictor of adverse prognosis in CHF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yishan Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lushan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaonan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhi Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daihong Wu
- Ultrasonic Department, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A. Egerman
- Age-Related Disorders, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David J. Glass
- Age-Related Disorders, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
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