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Zhang Y, Cao Z, Wang L, Dong B, Qi S, Xu X, Bao Q, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Chang G, Chen G. Effects of linseed oil supplementation duration on fatty acid profile and fatty acid metabolism-related genes in the muscles of Chinese crested white ducks. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102896. [PMID: 37473521 PMCID: PMC10371819 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Meat rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids is considered beneficial to health. Supplementing the diet with linseed oil promotes the deposition of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in poultry, a conclusion that has been confirmed multiple times in chicken meat. However, fewer studies have focused on the effects of dietary fatty acids on duck meat. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of the feeding time of a linseed oil diet on duck meat performance and gene expression, including meat quality performance, plasma biochemical indicators, fatty acid profile, and gene expression. For this study, we selected 168 Chinese crested ducks at 28 days old and divided them into three groups, with 56 birds in each group. The linseed oil content in the different treatment groups was as follows: the control group (0% flaxseed oil), the 14d group (2% linseed oil), and the 28d group (2% linseed oil). Ducks in the two experimental groups were fed a linseed oil diet for 28 and 14 days at 28 and 42 days of age, respectively. The results showed that linseed oil had no negative effect on duck performance (slaughter rate, breast muscle weight, and leg muscle weight) or meat quality performance (pH, meat color, drip loss, and shear force) (P > 0.05). The addition of linseed oil in the diet increased plasma total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P < 0.05), while decreasing triglyceride content (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the supplementation of linseed oil for four weeks affected the composition of muscle fatty acids. Specifically, levels of α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid were increased (P < 0.05), while eicosatetraenoic acid content was negatively correlated with flaxseed oil intake (P < 0.05). qRT-PCR analysis further revealed that the expression of FATP1, FABP5, and ELOVL5 genes in the breast muscle, as well as FABP3 and FADS2 genes in the thigh muscle, increased after four weeks of linseed oil supplementation (P < 0.05). However, after two weeks of feeding, CPT1A gene expression inhibited fatty acid deposition, suggesting an increase in fatty acid oxidation (P < 0.05). Overall, the four-week feeding time may be a key factor in promoting the deposition of n-3 PUFAs in duck meat. However, the limitation of this study is that it remains unknown whether longer supplementation time will continue to affect the deposition of n-3 PUFAs. Further experiments are needed to explain how prolonged feeding of linseed oil will affect the meat quality traits and fatty acid profile of duck meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Zhi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Laidi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Bingqiang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Shangzong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Xinlei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Qiang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Guobin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Guohong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China.
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Bashir N, Şekeroğlu A, Tainika B, Özer CO. Effect of different pasture species on growth performance, carcass traits, internal organ weights, and meat quality of slower growing broilers in free-range production system. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:162. [PMID: 37071306 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of Medicago sativa (A), Trifolium repens (WC), Lolium perenne (PR), and their mixture (Mix) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, internal organ weights, and meat quality of slower-growing broiler chickens in a free-range production system. The animal materials comprised of mixed-sex Hubbard ISA Red JA, which were reared in the deep litter system for the first 3 weeks, and thereafter, the pop hole in each of the indoor pens was opened to allow birds access to the range containing one of the above pasture treatments. The range availability was ensured from 08:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. The results indicated no significant difference in broiler live body weight, feed conversion ratio, and livability between 28 and 77 days among the pasture treatments (P > 0.05). No significant variations were observed in the carcass and internal organ weights among pasture types (P > 0.05). Additionally, while the dry matter content (P < 0.01), TBA value (P < 0.05), and fatty acid profiles differed (P < 0.01), the protein, ash, water holding capacity, and oxidation stability of broiler breast meat did not differ among pasture groups (P > 0.05). Moreover, while the values of breast meat lightness (L*) and brightness (b*) differed (P < 0.05), redness and pH did not differ between the sexes (P > 0.05). Furthermore, sex significantly affected ash, protein content (P < 0.05), and TBA value (P < 0.01) of breast meat but did not affect dry matter, water holding capacity, and peroxide value of breast meat. Also, there was a significant difference in the weight of the neck, breast, thigh, live weight, hot carcass yield, heart, liver, abdominal fat, and digestive system between sexes (P < 0.05). However, breast meat fat content and fatty acid profiles were not influenced by the sex of the broilers (P > 0.05). It was concluded that access to the studied pasture species has no effect on the growth performance traits but results in notable variations in the fatty acid profiles in broiler breast meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bashir
- Department of Animal Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Şekeroğlu
- Department of Animal Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey.
| | - Brian Tainika
- Department of Animal Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Cem Okan Özer
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Nevsehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, 50300, Nevşehir, Turkey
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Wahid ST, Lee BG, Kim IH. Effect of purified fish oil supplementation on growth performance, meat quality and blood profile in broilers. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:723-732. [PMID: 35833698 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present research experimented with the view of observing the effect of supplementing purified fish oil (FO) on growth performance, organ weight, meat quality, along with blood profile of broilers. The experiment was conducted upon 1600 male Ross 308, each aged 1 day, broiler strains with an average body weight of 43.15 ± 1.35 g were randomly allotted into four dietary treatment groups where CON, basal diet; TRT1, CON + 0.05% FO; TRT2, CON + 0.10% FO; and TRT3, CON + 0.15% FO respectively. Each treatment group consisted of 20 replication pens, with each pen containing 20 broiler chicks. The 4-week long experiment was divided into two phases. The first phase (Days 7-21), the second phase (Days 22-35) and the overall (Days 7-35). On Day 21, the body weight of broilers in TRT2 and TRT3 was higher than the control. Increasing doses of purified FO supplementation showed a linear (p < 0.05) increase in body weight on Day 21. At the end of Phase 1, FO supplementation improved the body weight gain (BWG) of TRT2 and TRT3 group birds compared to CON. Increasing doses of FO supplementation increased the BWG linearly in all phases. Increasing doses of FO increased chicks' breast muscle weight with the highest value in the TRT3 group. Moreover, liver weight was linearly decreased in FO supplementation groups compared to the CON group. Abdominal fat was linearly decreased in FO supplemented groups. FO supplementation caused the lowest cholesterol and triglyceride in TRT3 than the CON group with a linear reduction. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was reduced by FO supplemental groups. In addition, FO supplementation increased the red blood cell (RBC) in the TRT3 group compared to the CON group. In conclusion, refined FO increased BWG, breast muscle weight and RBC and reduced cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL in broilers' blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaya Tanzin Wahid
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
| | - Byung Gill Lee
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
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Tarricone S, Iaffaldano N, Colonna MA, Giannico F, Selvaggi M, Caputi Jambrenghi A, Cariglia M, Ragni M. Effects of Dietary Red Grape Extract on the Quality Traits in Juvenile European Sea Bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020254. [PMID: 36670794 PMCID: PMC9854464 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive fish farming is responsible for the occurrence of various stressors that negatively affect the health of cultured animals. Polyphenols are plant-derived compounds with biological activities and positive influences on the performances and immunity of fish. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of a polyphenol extract obtained from Nero di Troia red grape on the quality of farmed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets. Three diets were tested: control (n = 90) received a conventional feed, whereas the two experimental groups (n = 90 each) received the control feed supplemented with the red grape polyphenol extract (GPE) at the concentration of 100 (GPE 100) or 200 mg/kg (GPE 200). The two GPE diets lowered (p < 0.05) the red (a *) and yellow (b *) indexes, fillet hardness, and total lipid content. Chewiness, concentration of saturated fatty acids, and the Atherogenic Index were higher (p < 0.05) in the control group; GPE diets increased (p < 0.05) the polyunsaturated fatty acids content. Furthermore, the concentration of malondialdehyde was lower (p < 0.05) in fillets of the GPE groups, thus confirming the antioxidant effect of the red grape extract and its effectiveness in preventing lipid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Tarricone
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicolaia Iaffaldano
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Colonna
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesco Giannico
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Selvaggi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Caputi Jambrenghi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Michela Cariglia
- Gargano Pesca Società Agricola Consortile Arl-Società Benefit, Porto Alti Fondali, 71043 Manfredonia, Italy
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Cartoni Mancinelli AC, Mattioli S, Twining C, Dal Bosco AD, Donoghue AM, Arsi K, Angelucci E, Chiattelli D, Castellini C. Poultry Meat and Eggs as an Alternative Source of n-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Human Nutrition. Nutrients 2022; 14:1969. [PMID: 35565936 PMCID: PMC9099610 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) on human health are widely known. Humans are rather inefficient in synthesizing n-3 LC-PUFA; thus, these compounds should be supplemented in the diet. However, most Western human diets have unbalanced n-6/n-3 ratios resulting from eating habits and the fact that fish sources (rich in n-3 LC-PUFA) are not sufficient (worldwide deficit ~347,956 t/y) to meet the world requirements. In this context, it is necessary to find new and sustainable sources of n-3 LC-PUFA. Poultry products can provide humans n-3 LC-PUFA due to physiological characteristics and the wide consumption of meat and eggs. The present work aims to provide a general overview of the main strategies that should be adopted during rearing and postproduction to enrich and preserve n-3 LC-PUFA in poultry products. The strategies include dietary supplementation of α-Linolenic acid (ALA) or n-3 LC-PUFA, or enhancing n-3 LC-PUFA by improving the LA (Linoleic acid)/ALA ratio and antioxidant concentrations. Moreover, factors such as genotype, rearing system, transport, and cooking processes can impact the n-3 LC-PUFA in poultry products. The use of a multifactorial view in the entire production chain allows the relevant enrichment and preservation of n-3 LC-PUFA in poultry products.
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Cong ON, Viet DN, Kim DP, Hornick JL. Effects of dietary sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) oil and medicinal plant powder supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, and breast meat quality of colored broiler chickens raised in Vietnam. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:87. [PMID: 35122524 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02994-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing dietary soybean oil (SBO) with sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) oil (SIO) supplemented or not with medicinal plant powder (MP, 60% cinnamon twig, and 40% star anise fruits) on broiler performance, carcass traits, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) content of breast meat. A total of 288 Ho × Luong Phuong broiler chickens (age and average body weight: 6 weeks old and 877 ± 13.4 g) were equally divided into three groups (6 replicates of 16 birds each), balanced by BW and sex. Each group was randomly allocated to one of three dietary treatments: a 2% SBO diet (CON), a 2% SIO diet (SI), and a diet supplemented with 2% SIO and 1% MP (SIM). The experiment lasted for 70 days. Broiler performance, carcass traits, and technological meat quality were not affected by the diets (P > 0.05). However, colored broiler chickens fed the SIM diet had increased empty gizzard percentage (P < 0.05) compared to those fed the CON diet. Especially, the n-3 PUFA content of breast meat from broiler chickens fed diets containing SIO was higher than those of birds fed CON diet (P < 0.01). A significant decrease in cholesterol content was observed (P < 0.01) in broilers fed SIM diet compared to those fed CON diet. In conclusion, replacing 2% SBO with 2% SIO and 1% MP supplementation in broiler diets increased n-3 PUFA content and decreased cholesterol content in breast meat, without negative effects on bird performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality. Therefore, a combination of SIO and MP can be used as an effective strategy to ameliorate the meat quality of finishing broiler chickens by enhancing n-3 PUFA content and reducing the cholesterol content of breast meat.
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Mahiza MIN, Lokman HI, Ibitoye EB. Fatty acid profile in the breast and thigh muscles of the slow- and fast-growing birds under the same management system. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:409. [PMID: 34292417 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02777-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the effect of feeding the same diet to different breeds of chickens and at different ages on fatty acid (FA) composition of the breast and thigh muscles. A total of 150 chickens comprising 50 each of red jungle fowl (RJ) and village chicken (VC), the slow-growing birds, and the commercial broiler (CB), fast-growing birds, were used for this study. Ten chickens from each breed were serially euthanized at days 1, 10, 20, 56, and 120 post hatch, and pectoralis major and bicep femoris were harvested to represent the breast and thigh muscles respectively. It was revealed that the breast muscle concentrations of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are significantly different (p<0.05) among the breeds. Also, the FA composition of breast and thigh muscles among RJ, VC, and CB at various ages studied varied significantly (p<0.05) but without a definite pattern. The composition of MUFA was lower, but that of PUFA was higher in the RJ and VC than in the CB breast muscles. Within the breeds, the composition of total MUFA decreased, while that of PUFA increased with age. The total MUFA and PUFA showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between the breast and thigh muscles at different ages evaluated. This study suggests that slow-growing birds (RJ and VC) might be better sources of desirable FA than the fast-growing birds, CB.
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El-Bahr SM, Shousha S, Alfattah MA, Al-Sultan S, Khattab W, Sabeq II, Ahmed-Farid O, El-Garhy O, Albusadah KA, Alhojaily S, Shehab A. Enrichment of Broiler Chickens' Meat with Dietary Linseed Oil and Lysine Mixtures: Influence on Nutritional Value, Carcass Characteristics and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030618. [PMID: 33799454 PMCID: PMC8000725 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of four combinations of dietary linseed oil and lysine mixtures on performance, fatty and amino acid profiles, oxidative stress biomarkers, cell energy and meat quality parameters of broiler chickens. One hundred and sixty broiler chicks were allocated into four groups. Birds of groups 1–4 were fed diets containing optimum lysine and 2% of linseed oil, optimum lysine and 4% of linseed oil, high lysine and 2% of linseed oil, and high lysine and 4% of linseed oil, respectively, for a period of 35 days. High linseed oil or lysine levels did not affect the performance of the tested birds, but the high level of dietary linseed oil decreased the concentrations of muscles’ saturated fatty acids (SFA). The highest values of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty (ω-3 PUFA) and arachidonic acids with lowest levels of monounsaturated fatty (MUFA) were detected in the muscles of birds fed diets containing high linseed oils and/or lysine levels. High linseed oil or lysine levels provided the best essential amino acid profile and improved antioxidant components as well as cell energy, and tenderness and redness of the meat. Conclusively, high dietary lysine and linseed oil combinations improved the nutritional value, antioxidant status and cell energy of broiler chickens’ meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry M. El-Bahr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (K.A.A.); (S.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21523, Egypt
- Correspondence: or
| | - Saad Shousha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (K.A.A.); (S.A.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt
| | | | - Saad Al-Sultan
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wasseem Khattab
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt; (W.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Islam I. Sabeq
- Department of Food Control and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt;
| | - Omar Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Osama El-Garhy
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt;
| | - Khalid A. Albusadah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (K.A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Sameer Alhojaily
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (K.A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Ahmed Shehab
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt; (W.K.); (A.S.)
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Fouad AM, El-Senousey HK, Ruan D, Xia W, Chen W, Wang S, Zheng C. Nutritional modulation of fertility in male poultry. Poult Sci 2020; 99:5637-5646. [PMID: 33142481 PMCID: PMC7647795 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased consumption of protein derived from poultry demands greater poultry production, but increased poultry production (meat and eggs) is dependent on the fertility of the parent flocks. Clearly, the fertility of poultry flocks is associated with the fertility of both males and females, but the low numbers of males used for natural or artificial insemination mean that their role is more important. Thus, enhancing the semen volume, sperm concentration, viability, forward motility, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in sperm, as well as protecting against oxidative damage, could help to optimize the sperm membrane functionality, mitochondrial activity, and sperm-egg penetration, and thus fertility. Therefore, this review summarizes the nutritional factors that could improve the fertility of poultry males as well as their associated mechanisms to allow poultry producers to overcome low-fertility problems, especially in aging poultry males, thereby obtaining beneficial impacts on the poultry production industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohamed Fouad
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - HebatAllah Kasem El-Senousey
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Dong Ruan
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Weiguang Xia
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Chuntian Zheng
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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Güz BC, Molenaar R, de Jong IC, Kemp B, van den Brand H, van Krimpen M. Effects of dietary organic minerals, fish oil, and hydrolyzed collagen on growth performance and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 98:6552-6563. [PMID: 31392338 PMCID: PMC6870562 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is a crucial factor for growth and bone development in broiler chickens. Adjustments in dietary ingredients might affect bone development and consequently locomotion related problems. This study was designed to evaluate effects of dietary organic minerals (ORM), fish oil (FISH), and hydrolyzed collagen (COL) on growth performance and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens. A total of three hundred eighty four 1-day-old Ross 308 male broiler chickens were used in a complete randomized block design with 4 diet groups and 8 replicates per diet group. In the ORM diet, the inorganic macro and trace minerals were replaced by their organic varieties. In the FISH diet, palm oil and soybean oil were partly replaced by FISH. In the COL diet, soybean meal was partly replaced by COL. Results showed that the ORM and COL diet groups reached a higher body weight (BW) at 42 D of age than the FISH diet group, whereas the control group was in between. The feed conversion ratio between day 1 and 42 was lower in the ORM and COL diet groups than in both other diet groups. On day 28, 35, and 42, gait score (GS), Varus Valgus deformity, tibia length (TL), thickness, femoral and metatarsal head thickness (THT), mineral content (TMC), mineral density (TMD), breaking strength (TBS), stiffness (TSF), and energy to fracture (TEF) were measured (n = 3/replicate). The ORM diet group had higher TL at day 42, higher THT at day 28, higher TMC at day 42, higher TMD at day 28, 35, and 42, higher TBS at day 42, higher TSF at day 35 and 42, and higher TEF at day 42 compared to the FISH diet group, with the COL and control diet groups in between. It can be concluded that replacing dietary inorganic macro and trace minerals by their organic varieties seems to stimulate tibia dimensions, strength, and mineral content of broiler chickens. On the contrary, FISH appears to negatively affect tibia characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Güz
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Gelderland, The Netherlands
| | - R Molenaar
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Gelderland, The Netherlands
| | - I C de Jong
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, Gelderland, The Netherlands
| | - B Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Gelderland, The Netherlands
| | - H van den Brand
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Gelderland, The Netherlands
| | - M van Krimpen
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, Gelderland, The Netherlands
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Pirmohammadi A, Khalaji S, Yari M. Effects of Linseed Expansion on its Dietary Molecular Structures, and on Broiler Chicks Digestive Enzymes Activity, Serum Metabolites, and Ileal Morphology. J APPL POULTRY RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfz061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Puvača N, Lukač D, Ljubojević D, Stanaćev V, Beuković M, Kostadinović L, Plavša N. Fatty acid composition and regression prediction of fatty acid concentration in edible chicken tissues. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2014; 70:585-92. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933914000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Chiroque G, Vásquez G, Vásquez E, Vásquez E, Más D, Betancur C, Ruiz C, Botello A, Martínez Y. Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Breast Meat Fatty Acids Profile of Helmeted Guinea Fowls (Numida meleagris) Fed Increasing Level of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) and Pumpkin Seed (Cucurbita moschata) Meals. Braz J Poult Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Chiroque
- Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Perú
| | - G Vásquez
- Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Perú
| | - E Vásquez
- Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Perú
| | - E Vásquez
- Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Perú
| | - D Más
- Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Mexico
| | | | | | - A Botello
- Universidad Técnica “Luis Vargas Torres” de Esmeraldas, Ecuador
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Hang T, Molee W, Khempaka S. Linseed oil or tuna oil supplementation in slow-growing chicken diets: Can their meat reach the threshold of a “high in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids” product? J APPL POULTRY RES 2018. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfy010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Dal Bosco A, Mattioli S, Cullere M, Szendrő Z, Gerencsér Z, Matics Z, Castellini C, Szin M, Dalle Zotte A. Effect of diet and packaging system on the oxidative status and polyunsaturated fatty acid content of rabbit meat during retail display. Meat Sci 2018; 143:46-51. [PMID: 29689420 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of two dietary lipid sources (sunflower vs. linseed oil) and three packaging methods (PVC film - BAG vs. modified atmosphere CO2 20% + 80% O2 - MAP vs. and vacuum - VAC) on the oxidative status and polyunsaturated fatty acid content of rabbit loins (Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle), at days 1, 4 and 10 of simulated retail display. The diet, storage time and packaging method affected the oxidative status of rabbit meat under retail display. As expected, storage time, independently on the other factors, significantly reduced the antioxidant content of loin meat. Accordingly, TBARs values significantly increased during storage, as well as the dietary supplementation of linseed. The fatty acid profile of the fresh loin closely respected that of the diets. At day 10, oxidative status and fatty acid profile of MAP samples could be yet considered optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Dal Bosco
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Marco Cullere
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Kaposvár University, 40, Guba S. Str., H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szendrő
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Zsolt Gerencsér
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Zsolt Matics
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Melinda Szin
- Olivia Ltd, Mizse tanya 94, 6050 Lajosmizse, Hungary
| | - Antonella Dalle Zotte
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Kaposvár University, 40, Guba S. Str., H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
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Mellouk N, Ramé C, Marchand M, Staub C, Touzé JL, Venturi É, Mercerand F, Travel A, Chartrin P, Lecompte F, Ma L, Froment P, Dupont J. Effect of different levels of feed restriction and fish oil fatty acid supplementation on fat deposition by using different techniques, plasma levels and mRNA expression of several adipokines in broiler breeder hens. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191121. [PMID: 29364913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reproductive hens are subjected to a restricted diet to limit the decline in fertility associated with change in body mass. However, endocrine and tissue responses to diet restriction need to be documented. Objective We evaluated the effect of different levels of feed restriction, with or without fish oil supplementation, on metabolic parameters and adipokine levels in plasma and metabolic tissues of reproductive hens. Methods We designed an in vivo protocol involving 4 groups of hens; RNS: restricted (Rt) unsupplemented, ANS: ad libitum (Ad, receiving an amount of feed 1.7 times greater than animals on the restricted diet) unsupplemented, RS: Rt supplemented, and AS: Ad supplemented. The fish oil supplement was used at 1% of the total diet composition. Results Hens fed with the Rt diet had a significantly (P < 0.0001) lower growth than Ad hens, while the fish oil supplementation had no effect on these parameters. Furthermore, the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and the fat ultrasonographic examinations produced similar results to the other methods that required animals to be killed (carcass analysis and weight of adipose tissue). In addition, the Rt diet significantly (P < 0.05) decreased plasma levels of triglycerides, phospholipids, glucose and ADIPOQ, and fish oil supplementation decreased plasma levels of RARRES2. We also showed a positive correlation between insulin values and ADIPOQ or NAMPT or RARRES2 values, and a negative correlation of fat percentage to RARRES2 values. Moreover, the effects of the Rt diet and fish oil supplementation on the mRNA expression depended on the factors tested and the hen age. Conclusions Rt diet and fish oil supplementation are able to modulate metabolic parameters and the expression of adipokines and their receptors in metabolic tissue.
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Mohiti-Asli M, Ghanaatparast-Rashti M. Feeding antioxidant vitamin and vegetable oils to broilers: vitamin E reduced negative effect of soybean oil on immune response and meat lipid oxidation. Anim Prod Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/an16677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of feeding vitamin E, vitamin C, and two sources of vegetable oil on immune response and meat quality of broilers. A total of 320 one-day-old chicks were used in a completely randomised design with eight treatments arranged as a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial with two levels of vitamin E (0 and 200 mg/kg), two levels of vitamin C (0 and 1000 mg/kg), and two sources of vegetable oil (soybean and canola). Dietary supplementation of either vitamin E or C increased (P < 0.05) secondary humoral response, whereas oil sources had no significant effect. Broilers fed soybean oil had lower cellular response to the phytohemagglutinin skin test than those fed canola oil in diet, and supplementation of vitamin E increased cellular immune response. However, fat, cholesterol and pH of meat were not affected by source of oil or antioxidants, lipid oxidation was higher (P < 0.05) in thigh and breast meat of broilers fed soybean oil than canola oil. Dietary supplementation of vitamin E decreased (P < 0.05) lipid oxidation in thigh and breast of broilers fed diet containing soybean oil, without any effect on meat oxidation of those fed canola oil. Dietary supplementation of vitamin C increased lipid oxidation in thigh meat of broilers (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that inclusion of soybean oil to the diet, compared with canola oil, increased need for antioxidant. Vitamin E had beneficial effects on immune response and reduced meat lipid oxidation; nonetheless future studies should explore the antioxidant effect of vitamin C in stored meat.
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Kanakri K, Carragher J, Hughes R, Muhlhausler B, Gibson R. The Effect of Different Dietary Fats on the Fatty Acid Composition of Several Tissues in Broiler Chickens. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201700237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Kanakri
- FOODplus Research Centre School of Agriculture, Food and Wine The University of Adelaide Waite CampusUrrbraeSA 5064Australia
| | - John Carragher
- FOODplus Research Centre School of Agriculture, Food and Wine The University of Adelaide Waite CampusUrrbraeSA 5064Australia
| | - Robert Hughes
- South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI) Roseworthy CampusRoseworthySA 5371Australia
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of Adelaide Roseworthy CampusRoseworthySA 5371Australia
| | - Beverly Muhlhausler
- FOODplus Research Centre School of Agriculture, Food and Wine The University of Adelaide Waite CampusUrrbraeSA 5064Australia
| | - Robert Gibson
- FOODplus Research Centre School of Agriculture, Food and Wine The University of Adelaide Waite CampusUrrbraeSA 5064Australia
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Allahyari-Bake S, Jahanian R. Effects of dietary fat source and supplemental lysophosphatidylcholine on performance, immune responses, and ileal nutrient digestibility in broilers fed corn/soybean meal- or corn/wheat/soybean meal-based diets. Poult Sci 2017; 96:1149-1158. [PMID: 27697931 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two separate experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of different fat sources and a supplemental exogenous emulsifier (lysophosphatidylcholine, LPC) on growth performance, antibody production titers, and ileal nutrient digestibility in broiler chicks fed with different basal diets. A total of 288 one-day-old Ross 308 chicks were used for each trial (6 dietary treatments based on 3 × 2 factorial arrangements of treatments in both trials) with 4 replicates of 12 birds each. Dietary treatments consisted of 3 different fat sources (soy oil, SO; soy free fatty acids, SFFA; and palm fat powder, PFP) and 2 LPC levels (0 and 0.1% of diet), which were evaluated with 2 different basal diets (corn/soybean meal-based diets in Exp. 1, or corn/wheat/soybean meal-based diets in Exp. 2). In Exp. 1, average daily feed intake (ADFI) was increased (P < 0.01) in birds fed PFP diets compared with those fed SO or SFFA diets. Although supplemental LPC decreased (P < 0.01) ADFI, the birds fed SFFA diets had the greater ADFI at the presence of LPC (fat source × LPC, P < 0.01). Dietary supplementation of LPC caused a 4.6% improvement (P < 0.001) in average daily weight gain (ADWG) and consequently improved (P < 0.01) feed conversion ratio (FCR). Supplemental LPC was more effective in increasing ADWG in SFFA-containing diets, resulted in a significant (P < 0.01) dietary fat source × LPC interaction. Dietary inclusion of LPC increased (P < 0.01) bursa weight and improved (P < 0.05) antibody production titers against sheep red blood cells and Newcastle disease virus during primary responses. Ileal digestibility of ether extract (EE) was improved (P < 0.05) in birds fed diets containing SO as compared with those fed PFP diets; dietary LPC supplementation, however, had no marked effect on ileal nutrient digestibility. In Exp. 2, ADWG was greater (P < 0.05) in birds fed SO-containing diets compared with PFP-supplemented broiler chicks. Furthermore, dietary supplementation with LPC improved (P < 0.05) FCR value by 2.1%. Relative thymus weight was greater (P < 0.05) in birds fed LPC-supplemented diets than those fed unsupplemented diets. Supplemental LPC increased (P < 0.05) Gumboro antibody titer, and the lowest antibody response was allotted to the birds fed PFP diets. The greatest (P < 0.05) EE digestibility was assigned to the birds fed SO and SFFA diets. The present findings showed that birds fed SFFA-containing diets had similar performance as SO birds, and supplemental LPC improved overall performance especially in SFFA-fed birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Allahyari-Bake
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht 33916-53755, Iran
| | - R Jahanian
- Poultry Nutrition Research Center, Bioscitech Research Institute, Isfahan 81398-67433, Iran
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Jaturasitha S, Chaiwang N, Kreuzer M. Thai native chicken meat: an option to meet the demands for specific meat quality by certain groups of consumers; a review. Anim Prod Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an15646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Native chickens are slowly growing indigenous chicken (Gallus domesticus) breeds; many of them were developed from jungle fowl, which is found in every part of Asia. These breeds are disease resistant, easy adapting to tropical climates, and have a low mortality. In Thailand, a distinct sector of consumers prefers to eat meat from native chickens rather than that from broilers because it is more tasty and chewy. In addition, studies have shown that it has a low content of fat which may be helpful for people susceptible to coronary heart diseases. This review also compiles evidence for further indicators of a special meat quality such as more oxidative (Type I) muscle fibres, a higher collagen content (promoting the preferred chewiness), an elevated content of certain flavor-relevant compounds, as well as high ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids.
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Jaturasitha S, Chaiwang N, Kayan A, Kreuzer M. Nutritional strategies to improve the lipid composition of meat, with emphasis on Thailand and Asia. Meat Sci 2016; 120:157-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Nabavi SF, Bilotto S, Russo GL, Orhan IE, Habtemariam S, Daglia M, Devi KP, Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Nabavi SM. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancer: lessons learned from clinical trials. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2015;34:359-380. [PMID: 26227583 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-015-9572-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, extensive studies have addressed the therapeutic effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) against different human diseases such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, etc. A growing body of scientific research shows the pharmacokinetic information and safety of these natural occurring substances. Moreover, during recent years, a plethora of studies has demonstrated that omega-3 FAs possess therapeutic role against certain types of cancer. It is also known that omega-3 FAs can improve efficacy and tolerability of chemotherapy. Previous reports showed that suppression of nuclear factor-κB, activation of AMPK/SIRT1, modulation of cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, and up-regulation of novel anti-inflammatory lipid mediators such as protectins, maresins, and resolvins, are the main mechanisms of antineoplastic effect of omega-3 FAs. In this review, we have collected the available clinical data on the therapeutic role of omega-3 FAs against breast cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, as well as cancer cachexia. We also discussed the chemistry, dietary source, and bioavailability of omega-3 FAs, and the potential molecular mechanisms of anticancer and adverse effects.
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Carragher JF, Mühlhäusler BS, Geier MS, House JD, Hughes RJ, Gibson RA. Effect of dietary ALA on growth rate, feed conversion ratio, mortality rate and breast meat omega-3 LCPUFA content in broiler chickens. Anim Prod Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/an14743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that feeding chickens a diet containing high levels of the n-3 PUFA α-linolenic acid (ALA) significantly increases the content of the principal omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, in their meat and eggs. However, the effect of the diet on production characteristics of the birds has not been assessed. This study aimed to determine the effect of feeding male and female Cobb 500 broilers (n = 3840) a high ALA diet (containing 2.5% flaxseed oil) compared with a standard commercial Control diet (containing 2.5% tallow) on growth, feed conversion ratio and mortality until 6 weeks of age. As expected the dietary flaxseed oil significantly increased breast meat levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (~4-fold), with most eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid being deposited in the phospholipid fraction. Both male and female birds fed the high ALA diet were significantly heavier at 6 weeks of age (77 g heavier in females, 87 g heavier in males). They also had a significantly (10%) lower feed conversion ratio, and a mortality rate that was not different from the Control diet across the 6-week feeding period. These findings indicate that a high ALA diet has the potential to enrich chicken breast meat with eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid without loss of growth rate or feed efficiency, or increase in fat content of breast meat.
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Laika M, Jahanian R. Dietary supplementation of organic selenium could improve performance, antibody response, and yolk oxidative stability in laying hens fed on diets containing oxidized fat. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 165:195-205. [PMID: 25653003 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of organic selenium (Se) on performance, egg quality indices, and yolk oxidative stability in laying hens fed diets with different fat sources. A total of 270 Hy-line W-36 Leghorn hens of 47 weeks of age were randomly distributed into the 5 replicate cages of 9 dietary treatments. Experimental diets consisted of a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with three different fat sources (soybean oil, SO; yellow grease, YG; and palm fat powder, PFP) and three different levels of supplemental Se (0, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg of diet) as supplied by zinc-L-selenomethionine (ZnSeMet) complex, which fed during a 77-day feeding trial including 7 days for adaptation and 70 days as the main recording period. Results showed that the highest (P < 0.05) egg weights assigned to the hens fed on SO-supplemented diets. Hen-day egg production was affected by both dietary fat source (P < 0.01) and Se level (P < 0.05) throughout the trial period. Regardless of dietary fat source, dietary supplementation of ZnSeMet improved (P < 0.05) egg mass during all trial periods. Moreover, the significant (P < 0.05) fat source× Se interactions were observed for egg mass, so that dietary supplementation with 0.4 mg/kg Se was more effective in diets supplemented with YG. Although feed intake was not affected by experimental diets during the first 35-day period, dietary inclusion of PFP reduced feed intake during both second 35-day (P < 0.01) and entire trial period (P < 0.05). The best (P < 0.01) feed conversion ratio during the first 35-day period was assigned to the birds fed on SO-diets, followed by those fed YG-diets. Dietary supplementation of ZnSeMet improved (P < 0.05) feed efficiency during the first 35-day period. Supplementation of ZnSeMet into the diets increased yolk index, with more impact in hens fed on YG-diets. The highest concentration of yolk malondialdehyde was observed in YG-fed groups, and ZnSeMet supplementation of diets decreased (P < 0.05) yolk malondialdehyde. The highest (P<0.01) glutathione peroxidase activity was observed for hens fed on diets supplemented by YG, followed by those on SO-diets. Although different fat sources had no effect on antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus, supplemental ZnSeMet improved (P < 0.05) antibody response. The present findings indicate that dietary supplementation of ZnSeMet could improve performance parameters and egg oxidative stability in laying hens, with the highest impact in diets containing oxidized (high peroxide values) fat sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Laika
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
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Mirshekar R, Boldaji F, Dastar B, Yamchi A, Pashaei S. Longer consumption of flaxseed oil enhances n-3 fatty acid content of chicken meat and expression of FADS2 gene. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mirshekar
- Faculty of Animal Science; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Golestan Iran
| | - Fathollah Boldaji
- Faculty of Animal Science; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Golestan Iran
| | - Behrouz Dastar
- Faculty of Animal Science; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Golestan Iran
| | - Ahad Yamchi
- Faculty of Plant Production; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Golestan Iran
| | - Somayeh Pashaei
- Faculty of Animal Science; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Golestan Iran
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Muhammed MA, Domendra D, Muthukumar SP, Sakhare PZ, Bhaskar N. Effects of fermentatively recovered fish waste lipids on the growth and composition of broiler meat. Br Poult Sci 2015; 56:79-87. [PMID: 25347232 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2014.980719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of feeding fermentatively recovered fish oil (FFO) from fish processing waste (FPW), on the performance and carcass composition of broilers. A total of 60 one-d-old VenCobb broiler chicks randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups were studied. 2. The birds were randomly assigned to treatment groups and fed with a normal commercial diet (control, T1), a diet with 2% groundnut oil (positive control, T2), a diet with 1% FFO (T3), a diet with 1.5% FFO (T4) and a diet with 2% FFO (T5). Performance and growth parameters (feed intake and body weight) and fatty acid composition of serum, liver and meat were determined. 3. The performance characteristics of broiler meat did not differ among treatments. Feeding FFO reduced total cholesterol concentration in serum, meat and liver of the FFO-fed groups (T3 to T5) as compared to both the controls (T1 and T2), but there was no significant difference in triglyceride concentration between treatments. Increased concentrations of EPA and DHA in serum, liver and meat of FFO-fed groups, as compared to both controls, were observed as the FFO concentration increased. 4. The study clearly demonstrates the value of oil recovered from FPW in addition to addressing the environmental issues related to disposal of such biological waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Muhammed
- a Department of Meat and Marine Sciences , CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI) , Mysore , India
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Mandal GP, Ghosh TK, Patra AK. Effect of Different Dietary n-6 to n-3 Fatty Acid Ratios on the Performance and Fatty Acid Composition in Muscles of Broiler Chickens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:1608-14. [PMID: 25358321 PMCID: PMC4213706 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2014.14013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the different dietary ratios of n-6 to n-3 (n-6/n-3) fatty acid (FA) on performance and n-6/n-3 FA in muscles of broiler chickens. A total of 300 one-day-old Cobb chicks were randomly assigned to 3 treatments of 10 replicates in each (10 birds/replicate). Birds were fed on a corn-soybean meal-based diet containing 1% oil during starter (day 1 to 21) and 2% oil during finisher (day 22 to 39) phases, respectively. Treatments of high, medium and low dietary n-6/n-3 FA were formulated by replacing rice bran oil with linseed oil to achieve n-6/n-3 FA close to >20:1, 10:1 and 5:1, respectively. Average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were similar (p>0.05) among the treatments. Serum glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were not affected (p>0.05) by dietary treatments. In breast, concentration of C18:3n-3 was significantly greater (p = 0.001) for medium and low vs high n-6/n-3 FA, while concentrations of C20:5n-3, C22:6n-3, total n-3 FA, and n-6/n-3 FA were significantly higher for low vs medium, and medium vs high dietary n-6/n-3 FA. In contrast, concentrations of C18:2 and mono-unsaturated FA (MUFA) were lower for low vs high dietary n-6/n-3 FA. In thigh muscles, concentrations of C20:5n-3 were higher (p<0.05) for medium and low vs high dietary n-6/n-3 FA, and concentrations of C18:3n-3, C22:6, and n-3 FA were greater (p<0.05) for medium vs high, low vs medium dietary n-6/n-3 FA. However, concentrations of C18:1, MUFA, n-6/n-3 were lower (p<0.05) for low and medium vs high dietary n-6/n-3 FA. In conclusion, lowering the dietary n-6/n-3 FA did not affect the performance of chickens, but enhanced beneficial long-chain n-3 FA and decreased n-6/n-3 FA in chicken breast and thigh, which could be advantageous for obtaining healthy chicken products.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. P. Mandal
- Corresponding Author: G. P. Mandal. Fax: +91-33-25571986, E-mail:
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Lu T, Harper AF, Zhao J, Dalloul RA. Effects of a dietary antioxidant blend and vitamin E on growth performance, oxidative status, and meat quality in broiler chickens fed a diet high in oxidants. Poult Sci 2014; 93:1649-57. [PMID: 24864296 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effects of a dietary antioxidant blend (AB) and vitamin E on performance, oxidative status, and meat quality. Cobb 500 male broilers (n = 1,200, d 0) were randomly distributed into 6 treatments with 10 replicate pens. Treatments included 1) HO: high oxidant diet, vitamin E at 10 IU/kg, 3% oxidized soybean oil, 3% polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) source; 2) VE: the HO diet with vitamin E at 200 IU/kg; 3) AOX: the HO diet with AB at 135 mg/kg; 4) VE+AOX: the HO diet with vitamin E at 200 IU/kg and AB at 135 mg/kg; 5) SC: standard control; and 6) PC: positive control, the SC diet with AB at 135 mg/kg. From d 0 through d 21, high oxidant diet treatment birds had greater BW, ADG, and ADFI than the SC birds; the AOX birds had better G:F on d 10 and 42, and from d 0 to 42 than SC birds (P < 0.05). The plasma TBA reactive substance level was lower in the AOX birds than the VE treatment birds in all phases (P < 0.05). High oxidant diet treatment birds had greater α-1-acid glycoprotein levels on d 10 than SC and PC birds (P < 0.05). The AOX, PC, and SC birds had a greater level of uric acid than the HO and VE+AOX birds on d 10. Superoxide dismutase expression in the liver was less with the HO treatment compared with the SC treatment on d 7 (P < 0.05). The vitamin E concentration in the breast muscle was greatest in the VE birds, whereas vitamin A concentration was greater in the PC birds compared with the SC birds on d 21 (P < 0.05). Compared with VE and AOX, the HO treatment had greater drip loss (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary addition of AOX was effective in improving growth, moderately restored the whole body antioxidant capability, and reduced drip loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lu
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061
| | - A F Harper
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061
| | - J Zhao
- Novus International Inc., St. Charles, MO 63304
| | - R A Dalloul
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061
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Kitessa SM, Abeywardena M, Wijesundera C, Nichols PD. DHA-containing oilseed: a timely solution for the sustainability issues surrounding fish oil sources of the health-benefitting long-chain omega-3 oils. Nutrients 2014; 6:2035-58. [PMID: 24858407 PMCID: PMC4042577 DOI: 10.3390/nu6052035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Benefits of long-chain (≥C20) omega-3 oils (LC omega-3 oils) for reduction of the risk of a range of disorders are well documented. The benefits result from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); optimal intake levels of these bioactive fatty acids for maintenance of normal health and prevention of diseases have been developed and adopted by national and international health agencies and science bodies. These developments have led to increased consumer demand for LC omega-3 oils and, coupled with increasing global population, will impact on future sustainable supply of fish. Seafood supply from aquaculture has risen over the past decades and it relies on harvest of wild catch fisheries also for its fish oil needs. Alternate sources of LC omega-3 oils are being pursued, including genetically modified soybean rich in shorter-chain stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4ω3). However, neither oils from traditional oilseeds such as linseed, nor the SDA soybean oil have shown efficient conversion to DHA. A recent breakthrough has seen the demonstration of a land plant-based oil enriched in DHA, and with omega-6 PUFA levels close to that occurring in marine sources of EPA and DHA. We review alternative sources of DHA supply with emphasis on the need for land plant oils containing EPA and DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soressa M Kitessa
- CSIRO Animal, Foods and Health Sciences, P.O. Box 10041, Adelaide BC, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Mahinda Abeywardena
- CSIRO Animal, Foods and Health Sciences, P.O. Box 10041, Adelaide BC, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Chakra Wijesundera
- CSIRO Animal, Foods and Health Sciences, Werribee, Victoria, VIC 3030, Australia.
| | - Peter D Nichols
- Food Futures Flagship, Division of Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia.
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Milićević D, Vranić D, Mašić Z, Parunović N, Trbović D, Nedeljković-Trailović J, Petrović Z. The role of total fats, saturated/unsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol content in chicken meat as cardiovascular risk factors. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:42. [PMID: 24588940 PMCID: PMC3975875 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of the study was to present information about the chemical composition, the fatty acids profile, and cholesterol content of chicken meat in order to investigate the impact of chicken meat consumption on cardiovascular risk in the general population. Methods A total of 48 6-wk-old broiler chickens broilers from two farms in June to November of 2012, and February of 2013, were used in this trial. Total lipid content was determined by extraction of fat by petrol ether (Soxhlet) after acid hydrolysis of samples. Fatty acids were determined by capillary gas chromatography. Cholesterol determination was performed by using HPLC/PDA system. Results The results indicate that the total free cholesterol content in raw breast and drumstick of chickens was in the range of 37,41–79,9 mg/100 g and 48,35-99,5 mg/100 g, respectively. The main fatty acids identified in all cuts were C18:1c9, C18:2n6, C16:0, C18:0, and C16:1. Decreasing the dietary n-6/n-3 clearly decreased the content in breast and drumstick muscle of C18:2n6, C18:3n3, and C20: 3n6, but increased that of C16:0, C18:0, and C20:2. Also, the major saturated fatty acid (SFA) (C16:0 and C18:0) was significantly differ among the four treatments. Conclusion Our study shows that dietary fat and fatty acid composition influence the concentrations of total cholesterol content, total fat content, and fatty acid composition in broiler muscle. This information will aid in determining the burden of chicken meat as a cardiovascular risk factors disease and act as a planning tool for public-health Programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragan Milićević
- Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Kaćanskog 13, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Duarte KF, Junqueira OM, Borges LL, Rodrigues E, Filardi RDS, Praes MFFM, Laurentiz ACD, Domingues CHDF. Performance, carcass traits, and body composition of broilers fed different linseed oil levels between 21 and 56 days of age. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2014000100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- KF Duarte
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho
| | | | - LL Borges
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho
| | - E Rodrigues
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Triangulo Mineiro
| | | | - MFFM Praes
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho
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Hernandez F. Performance and Fatty Acid Composition of Adipose Tissue, Breast and Thigh in Broilers Fed Flaxseed: A Review. Curr Res Nutr Food Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.1.2.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Interest on the enrichment of poultry meat with n-3 fatty acids has increased given its important role in human health. Flaxseed is the main sources of n-3 fatty acids, and contains between 45 to 71% of total fatty acids of the oil as α-linolenic acid. This paper reviews the plausibility of n-3 enrichment. Its focus is on the processing of flaxseed and begins by summarizing the benefits of supplementation on broiler performance. The literature on altering the FA deposition in different tissues is then reviewed, and the factors that affect the incorporation of n-3 PUFA into edible tissues of poultry are investigated. Flaxseed supplementation caused a reduction in the abdominal fat pad, and the main fatty acid deposited in the tissue is LNA. The use of fold-change analysis allowed interpreting and determining the variation of results within experiments that do not report data in similar units of measure. The fold change analysis identified three categories of desaturation response to feeding flaxseed to broilers, resulting in different values for EPA and DHA in both breast and thigh tissues: high, medium and low fold-changes. The use of flaxseed oil, whole or ground flaxseed 14 to 21 day before slaughter is recommended to poultry producers as feeding strategies to optimize n-3 enrichment, without compromising animal performance. Enriched DHA deposition could be accomplished feeding whole flaxseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hernandez
- Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Research and Innovation Division,7000 113 Street, 307 J.G. O'Donoghue Building, Edmonton, AB, T6H 5T6, Canada
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Lopes D, Xavier E, Santos V, Gonçalves F, Anciuti M, Roll V, Del Pino F, Feijó J, Catalan A. Growth performance, carcass traits, meat chemical composition and blood serum metabolites of broiler chicken fed on diets containing flaxseed oil. Br Poult Sci 2013; 54:780-8. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2013.843161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Arshad MS, Anjum FM, Khan MI, Shahid M. Wheat germ oil and α-lipoic acid predominantly improve the lipid profile of broiler meat. J Agric Food Chem 2013; 61:11158-11165. [PMID: 24191686 DOI: 10.1021/jf4041029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In response to recent assertions that synthetic antioxidants may have the potential to cause toxic effects and to consumers' increased attention to consuming natural products, the poultry industry has been seeking sources of natural antioxidants, alone or in combination with synthetic antioxidants that are currently being used by the industry. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of α-lipoic acid, α-tocopherol, and wheat germ oil on the status of antioxidant enzymes, fatty acid profile, and serum biochemical profile of broiler blood. One-day-old (180) broiler birds were fed six different feeds varying in their antioxidant content: no addition (T1), natural α-tocopherol (wheat germ oil, T2), synthetic α-tocopherol (T3), α-lipoic acid (T4), α-lipoic acid together with natural α-tocopherol (T5), and α-lipoic acid together with synthetic α-tocopherol (T6). The composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the breast and leg meat was positively influenced by the different dietary supplements. The content of fatty acid was significantly greater in broilers receiving T2 both in breast (23.92%) and in leg (25.82%) meat, whereas lower fatty acid levels was found in broilers receiving diets containing T6 in the breast (19.57%) and leg (21.30%) meat. Serum total cholesterol (113.42 mg/dL) and triglycerides (52.29 mg/dL) were lowest in the group given natural α-tocopherol and α-lipoic acid. Wheat germ oil containing natural α-tocopherol alone or with α-lipoic acid was more effective than synthetic α-tocopherol in raising levels of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase while lowering plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides and raising high-density lipoprotein and plasma protein significantly. It was concluded that the combination of wheat germ oil and α-lipoic acid is helpful in improving the lipid profile of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid Arshad
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology and ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Kralik Z, Kralik G, Biazik E, Straková E, Suchý P. Effects of organic selenium in broiler feed on the content of selenium and fatty acid profile in lipids of thigh muscle tissue. ACTA VET BRNO 2013; 82:277-82. [DOI: 10.2754/avb201382030277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to determine the effects of selenium supplementation to broiler feed on the content of selenium, total fatty acids in lipids and on the oxidative stability of broiler thigh muscle tissue. The experiment involved 40 broilers fattened for 42 days. During the first three weeks, all broilers consumed starter diet containing 22% crude protein. After three weeks, broilers were divided into two groups and fed finisher diets containing 18% crude protein and supplemented with 3% sunflower oil and 3% linseed oil. Group 1 was not administered artificial selenium; Group 2 was supplemented with organic selenium at the amount of 0.5 mg Se/kg of feed. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) content of selenium was observed in the thigh muscle tissue of Group 2 compared to Group 1 (1.071 and 0.511 mg/kg of dry matter, respectively). The increase of selenium content in feed to 0.5 mg/kg resulted in an increase of total n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (from 5.27% to 6.25%), and in reduction of total monounsaturated fatty acids (from 39.60% to 36.74%) in the lipids of thigh muscle tissue. The increase in total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induced significant (P < 0.05) lowering of the n6/n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio (4.62 and 5.01 for the first and second group, respectively). The increase of selenium content in broiler feed led to a decrease of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (P > 0.05) and increase of linolenic acid and total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.05) in thigh muscle tissue of broilers. Since selenium and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are nutricines, our results show that the produced broiler meat may be considered as functional food.
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Maroufyan E, Kasim A, Yong Meng G, Ebrahimi M, Teck Chwen L, Mehrbod P, Kamalidehghan B, Soleimani Farjam A. Effect of dietary combination of methionine and fish oil on cellular immunity and plasma fatty acids in infectious bursal disease challenged chickens. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:531397. [PMID: 24198724 DOI: 10.1155/2013/531397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the modulatory effects of dietary methionine and fish oil on immune response, plasma fatty acid profile, and blood parameters of infectious bursal disease (IBD) challenged broiler chickens. A total of 300 one-day-old male broiler chicks were assigned to one of six dietary treatment groups in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. There were three levels of fish oil (0, 2.5 and 5.5%), and two levels of methionine (NRC recommendation and twice NRC recommendation). The results showed that the birds fed with 5.5% fish oil had higher total protein, white blood cell count, and IL-2 concentration than those of other groups at 7 days after IBD challenge. Inclusion of fish oil in diet had no effect on IFN-γ concentration. However, supplementation of methionine twice the recommendation enhanced the serum IFN-γ and globulin concentration. Neither of fish oil nor methionine supplementation affected the liver enzymes concentration. It can be suggested that a balance of moderate level of fish oil (2.5%) and methionine level (twice NRC recommendation) might enhance immune response in IBD challenged broiler chickens.
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Franco D, Lorenzo J. Meat quality and nutritional composition of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) reared in an extensive system. Br Poult Sci 2013; 54:594-602. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2013.828195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mašek T, Starčević K, Filipović N, Stojević Z, Brozić D, Gottstein Ž, Severin K. Tissue fatty acid composition and estimated ∆ desaturase activity after castration in chicken broilers fed with linseed or sunflower oil. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 98:384-92. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - K. Starčević
- Department of Animal Husbandry; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - N. Filipović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; School of Medicine; University of Split; Split 21000 Croatia
| | - Z. Stojević
- Department of Physiology and Radiobiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - D. Brozić
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - Ž. Gottstein
- Department of Poultry Diseases; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - K. Severin
- Department of Judicial Medicine; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
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Xie P, Wang Y, Wang C, Yuan C, Zou X. Effect of different fat sources in parental diets on growth performance, villus morphology, digestive enzymes and colorectal microbiota in pigeon squabs. Arch Anim Nutr 2013; 67:147-60. [DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2013.776329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gregory MK, Geier MS, Gibson RA, James MJ. Effect of dietary canola oil on long-chain omega-3 fatty acid content in broiler hearts. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 98:235-8. [PMID: 23510129 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Young and healthy broilers are susceptible to sudden death syndrome (SDS), which is caused by cardiac arrhythmia. The long-chain 'fish-type' omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have cardioprotective anti-arrhythmic effects in animals and humans. Raising the cardiac level of EPA and DHA in chickens may protect against SDS. However, fish oil as a source of EPA and DHA in poultry feed is costly and introduces undesirable properties to the meat. Whilst omega-3 vegetable oils, such as canola oil, are cheaper and do not have a strong odour, they contain the short-chain fatty acid α-linolenic acid, which requires conversion to EPA and DHA after ingestion. We investigated the capacity for dietary canola oil to elevate cardiac EPA and DHA in broilers. Broilers were fed with diets containing either 3% canola oil or tallow, which is currently used in some commercial feeds. Upon completion of a 42 day feeding trial, canola oil significantly increased EPA and EPA + DHA in heart phospholipids relative to tallow. The elevation in cardiac EPA and EPA + DHA may provide anti-arrhythmic effects and protect against SDS in poultry. This proof-of-concept biochemical study suggests that a larger study to assess the clinical outcome of SDS may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Gregory
- Rheumatology Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Aghaei N, Safamehr A, Mehmannavaz Y, Chekaniazar S. Blood and tissue fatty acid compositions, lipoprotein levels, performance and meat flavor of broilers fed fish oil: changes in the pre- and post-withdrawal design. Animal 2012; 6:2031-40. [PMID: 23031324 DOI: 10.1017/S1751731112000924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Administration of fish oil (FO) in broiler diets can elevate α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) levels, which are protective against cardiovascular disease. However, optimization based solely on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) enrichment in chicken meat could lead to lower meat quality, unless the withdrawal period (plan) is applied for 1 week. The present study investigated whether the incorporation of FO in the diet for 32 days followed by its withdrawal for 1 week affected blood lipid profiles, lipoprotein particles, performance and meat flavor in male broiler chickens. Two hundred and forty birds (1-day-old, Ross 308) were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary groups: 0%, 1%, 2% or 3% FO with four replicates. Broilers were fed for 49 days according to a 4-phase feeding program. The experimental phase comprised day 11 to 42, and FO was removed on day 42. Blood samples were collected during the pre- and post-withdrawal period after the recordings before slaughter. The FO groups demonstrated decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and increased high-density lipoprotein levels on day 42 (P < 0.01); however, these values were not significant after design withdrawal. Diet supplementation with FO elevated the blood levels of palmitic acid (C16:0) and n-3 PUFAs, especially long-chain (LC) PUFAs (EPA, C20:5n-3 and DHA, C22:6n-3), and caused a decline in the level of arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4n-6; P < 0.05). Application of a one-week withdrawal period resulted in a decrease in (P < 0.05) linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) and an increase in the level of AA, unlike their amounts on day 42. Although blood and tissue LC n-3 PUFA levels on day 49 were significantly higher in the FO groups compared with the control, they demonstrated a substantial decrease on day 49 compared with day 42. The best results, mainly the lowest n-6/n-3 fatty acids (FAs) and feed conversion ratio (FCRs), were observed for 3% FO (group T4), even after institution of the withdrawal design. Degradation of total n-3 FAs deposited in tissues occurred after instituting the withdrawal plan diet, but deposited levels of EPA and DHA in tissues could ensure omega-3 enrichment of broiler meat in groups 3 and 4. On the basis of the dissatisfaction of the panelists toward group 4 meats (scored as near to acceptable) and their satisfaction with cooked samples of T3 (scored as good), group 3 meats were selected as good-quality n-3-enriched broiler meat.
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Kartikasari LR, Hughes RJ, Geier MS, Makrides M, Gibson RA. Dietary alpha-linolenic acid enhances omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in chicken tissues. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2012; 87:103-9. [PMID: 22925778 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of enriching broiler chicken diets with a vegetable source of n-3 fat in the form of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) on the accumulation of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) in chicken meat were investigated. Sixty unsexed one-day-old broiler chickens (Cobb 500) were randomly allocated to one of six diets (n=10 birds/diet) for 4 weeks. The ALA levels varied from 1 to 8% energy (%en) while the level of the n-6 fatty acid linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) was held to less than 5%en in all diets. At harvest (day 28) the levels of n-3 LCPUFA including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in breast and thigh meat increased in a curvilinear manner as dietary ALA increased, reaching 4- to 9-fold above the levels seen in control birds. In contrast, arachidonic acid (AA) was reduced in response to increasing dietary ALA.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Kartikasari
- FOODplus Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Maroufyan E, Kasim A, Ebrahimi M, Loh T, Hair-Bejo M, Soleimani A. Dietary methionine and n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio reduce adverse effects of infectious bursal disease in broilers. Poult Sci 2012; 91:2173-82. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Jankowski J, Zdunczyk Z, Mikulski D, Juskiewicz J, Naczmanski J, Pomianowski JF, Zdunczyk P. Fatty acid profile, oxidative stability, and sensory properties of breast meat from turkeys fed diets with a differentn-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Franco D, Rois D, Vázquez JA, Lorenzo JM. Comparison of growth performance, carcass components, and meat quality between Mos rooster (Galician indigenous breed) and Sasso T-44 line slaughtered at 10 months. Poult Sci 2012; 91:1227-39. [PMID: 22499883 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to make a full study of the meat from Mos-breed roosters (Spanish indigenous chicken). To achieve this purpose, the type of breed (Mos vs. a hybrid line, Sasso T-44) and the effect of finishing treatment in the last month (corn vs. commercial fodder) on growth performance, carcass and meat quality (physicochemical and textural traits), fatty and amino acid profile, and sensorial description were studied. The finishing feeding effect did not modify the growth, but the differences between genotypes were statistically significant (P < 0.05), in where Sasso T-44 was the genotype that generated the best growths and associated parameters. With regard to carcass characteristics, no significant influences of finishing feeding treatment (P > 0.05) were found, and carcass weight clearly differed between genotypes due to the lower growth rate of Mos roosters. Drumstick, thigh, and wing percentages were greater in Mos breed than in Sasso T-44 birds, whereas breast (15.2%), that is the most highly valued piece of the chicken, was similar for both genotypes. Significant differences in pH, protein, and ash content between genotypes have been found, whereas finishing feeding treatment had an effect on myoglobin and redness index (P < 0.01), showing meat from roosters fed with corn had a higher luminosity. Despite the fact of the slaughtered age of birds, values of shear force were slightly higher than 2 kg (2.11 kg) for both genotypes, thus it can be classified as very tender meat. Mos breed showed a higher percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids (25.90 vs. 22.74; P < 0.001) and a lower percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (35.14 vs. 38.95; P < 0.001) than Sasso T-44 chicken muscles. Surprisingly, birds finishing with the corn diet (2 times higher in linolenic acid than fodder) did not increase their polyunsaturated fatty acid level in the breast, obtaining in the Mos breed a polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio of 0.69. The amino acid profile of the indigenous-breed breast was not similar to that of the commercial-strain breast; besides, finishing feeding treatment had more of an effect on amino acid profile, affecting the majority of amino acids, with the exception of phenylalanine and threonine.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Franco
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrán das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
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Franco D, Rois D, Vázquez JA, Purriños L, González R, Lorenzo JM. Breed effect between Mos rooster (Galician indigenous breed) and Sasso T-44 line and finishing feed effect of commercial fodder or corn. Poult Sci 2012; 91:487-98. [PMID: 22252364 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the Mos rooster breed growth performance, carcass, and meat quality. The breed effect (Mos vs. Sasso T-44) and finishing feed in the last month (fodder vs. corn) on animal growth, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty and amino acid profiles were studied using a randomized block design with initial weight as covariance. In total, 80 roosters (n = 30 of Sasso T-44 line and n = 50 of Mos breed) were used. They were separated by breed and allocated to 2 feeding treatment groups (concentrate and corn). Each feeding treatment group consisted of 15 and 25 roosters, for Sasso T-44 line and Mos breed, respectively. Finishing feeding did not affect growth parameters in the 2 genotypes of rooster tested (P > 0.05). Nonetheless, the comparison between both types of roosters led to significant differences in growth parameters (P < 0.05). Regarding carcass characteristics, no significant influences of finishing feeding treatment (P > 0.05) were found, and as expected, carcass weight clearly differed between genotypes due to the lower growth rate of Mos roosters. However, drumstick, thigh, and wing percentages were greater in the Mos breed than in the hybrid line. In color instrumental traits, roosters feeding with corn showed breast meat with significantly (P < 0.001) higher a* and b* values than those of cocks feeding with commercial fodder. Values of shear force were less than 2 kg for both genotypes, thus it can be classified as very tender meat. Finishing with corn significantly increased (P < 0.001) the polyunsaturated fatty acid content in the breast; the Mos breed had a polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio of 0.73. The amino acid profile of the indigenous breed was not similar to that of the commercial strain. Finishing feeding treatment had a greater influence than breed effect on amino acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Franco
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrán das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
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