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Doddanna SJ, Nayak MT, Sanath AK, Abedeen MZ. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of gingiva: A rare case report. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021; 18:80. [PMID: 34760071 PMCID: PMC8543100 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.326653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is an exceptional, aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) because of its unique histological feature and an ominous clinical behavior. Recently, it has been recognized as a high-grade SCC. The most preferential site of occurrence is the upper aerodigestive tract. Because of its aggressive behavior and tendency to metastasize, BSCCs are considered to have poor prognosis. We present a BSCC case in a 60-year-old male, which was clinically diagnosed as an aggressive inflammatory lesion with a differential diagnosis of granulomatous lesion, involving the mandibular anterior gingiva. Till now, only 17 cases of BSCC with gingival involvement have been reported in the literature. Here, we present one additional case of BSCC involving gingiva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunitha Jagaluru Doddanna
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Meghanand T Nayak
- Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Pathology, Teerthanker Mahaveeer Dental College and Research Centre, TMU, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aparna K Sanath
- Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Pathology, Teerthanker Mahaveeer Dental College and Research Centre, TMU, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Zanul Abedeen
- Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Pathology, Teerthanker Mahaveeer Dental College and Research Centre, TMU, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Dai LL, Yang XX, Zhao HW, Han Q, Chen Y. [Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in gingiva: a case report]. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 38:343-346. [PMID: 32573146 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As an aggressive subtype of squamous cell carcinoma, basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) rarely occurs in the oral and maxillofacial region. The gingiva is an unusual site of BSCC. This study reported a 78-year-old male who presented with left maxillary pain. Clinical examination revealed a gingival mass in the left maxilla. Under microscope, the lesion showed typical comedo necrosis and peripheral palisading. Areas of glandular-like structures were also observed. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that the Ki-67 score of BSCC in this case was 28%, and S-100 was positive in some areas. However, P16 and CK7 were negative. Finally, a diagnosis of BSCC was made based on the pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics. The patient underwent subtotal maxillectomy. After 12 months later, the patient was alive with no evidence of disease. Combined with relevant literature, this article analyzed the clinicopathological features, differential diagnosis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of BSCC. Although surgery remains the main treatment in the head and neck region, radiation-chemotherapy should be considered in some human papilloma virus-positive cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ling Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Xie S, Bredell M, Yang H, Shen S, Yang H. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary gingiva: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:1287-1290. [PMID: 25120708 PMCID: PMC4114586 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare, but distinct histologic variant of squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region. It is considered to have a poor prognosis due to its aggressive behavior and tendency to metastasize. The usual sites of BSCC are the floor of the mouth, hypopharynx and base of the tongue, and according to the English-language literature its presentation in the gingiva is somewhat uncommon. In the current report, the unusual case of a 40-year-old male is presented; the patient exhibited a painless irregular mass in the maxillary gingiva, which infiltrated the maxillary sinus, as observed by computed tomography. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections revealed a diagnosis of BSCC with typical central necrosis in the cancer nests, which contained basaloid and squamous cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed that p63 was weakly positive, high molecular weight cytokeratin (CK) was focally positive, and S-100, CK7, CK14 and vimentin were negative. It must be noted that histopathology results may be incorrectly interpreted as adenoid cystic carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma and basal cell adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shule Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518001, P.R. China
| | - Marius Bredell
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich CH-8091, Switzerland
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518001, P.R. China
| | - Shiyue Shen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518001, P.R. China
| | - Huijun Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518001, P.R. China
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Hirai E, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto N, Yamashita Y, Kounoe T, Kondo Y, Yonemasu H, Takahashi T, Kurokawa H. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the mandible: Report of two cases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 108:e54-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 07/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Deniz K, Yüce İ, Çağlı S, Okten T, Güney E. Expression of PCNA and Bcl-2 in Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx: A Controlled Study. Ear Nose Throat J 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/014556130808700814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the difference in the biologic nature of typical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basaloid SCC (BSCC) of the larynx by studying proliferation and antiapoptotic markers. We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and bcl-2 protein in 15 patients with laryngeal BSCC and 15 stage-and site-matched controls with typical laryngeal SCC. We found no significant difference between the two groups in the PCNA index or the frequency of bcl-2 overexpression, nor did we find any significant difference in survival. Our findings indicate that the biologic nature of typical laryngeal SCC and laryngeal BSCC is similar. In addition, our follow-up data suggest that the clinical course of laryngeal BSCC is no worse than that of typical laryngeal SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Deniz
- From the Department of Pathology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - İmdat Yüce
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sedat Çağlı
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Turhan Okten
- From the Department of Pathology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ercihan Güney
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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Muramatsu T, Shima K, Ohta K, Kizaki H, Ro Y, Kohno Y, Abiko Y, Shimono M. Inhibition of osteopontin expression and function in oral cancer cell lines by antisense oligonucleotides. Cancer Lett 2005; 217:87-95. [PMID: 15596299 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2004] [Revised: 05/25/2004] [Accepted: 05/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We examined expression and function of osteopontin (OPN) in oral cancer cell lines using antisense oligonucleotide (AS). Quantitative real-time RT-PCR showed that expression in BSC-OF cells was significantly higher (10-fold) than that in KB cell. AS-study showed that foci of AS-treated BSC-OF cells possessed thin processes and radiated morphologically, although BSC-OF cells showed round foci. Cell growth in AS-group was lower (<80%) than the control. Invasion ability in AS-group became significantly lower (P<0.01). These results suggest that BSC-OF cell is useful for over-expression of OPN, and that OPN contributes to morphology, growth and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Muramatsu
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Dental College, 1-2-2, Masago, Mihama-ku, Chiba 261-8502, Japan.
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Sampaio-Góes FCG, Oliveira DT, Dorta RG, Nonogaki S, Landman G, Nishimoto IN, Kowalski LP. Expression of PCNA, p53, Bax, and Bcl-X in oral poorly differentiated and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma: Relationships with prognosis. Head Neck 2005; 27:982-9. [PMID: 16136583 DOI: 10.1002/hed.20258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the clinical features and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), p53, Bcl-X, and Bax expression in primary oral basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (PDSCC) matched by stage and site and to assess the possible prognostic significance of these variables. METHODS Seventeen cases of oral BSCC were compared with 27 PDSCCs matched by stage and tumor site. In addition, PCNA, p53, Bax, and Bcl-X expression in both carcinomas were evaluated in relation to their clinicopathologic features and prognostic values using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found between the groups (BSCC and PDSCC) in regard to clinical features and immunohistochemical reactivity for antibodies PCNA, p53, and Bcl-X. In comparison with PDSCC, the BSCC group exhibited a higher Bax score (p = .031). The 5-year and 10-year overall survival, cancer-specific survival, and disease-free survival rates demonstrated no significant differences between the BSCC and PDSCC groups, and the PCNA, p53, Bax, and Bcl-X also showed no prognostic value. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the clinical and biologic course of BSCC is similar to PDSCC in the oral cavity when clinical stage and site are matched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C G Sampaio-Góes
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Area de Patologia, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75 CEP 17012-901, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
The diagnosis of basaloid tumors of the salivary glands can be challenging. In most cases, conventional histologic examination, if carried out meticulously, will be sufficient. Yet, immunohistochemistry will be of help for the definition of purely myoepithelial tumors, basaloid squamous cell carcinomas, and canalicular adenomas. The differential diagnosis of canalicular adenoma, basal cell adenoma and basal cell adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, myoepithelial tumors, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Jäkel
- Institut für Oralpathologie, Zentrum Klinisch-theoretische Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg.
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Abstract
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) of the oral mucosa other than the tongue is uncommon. We report a case of a 67-year-old man who diagnosed with Stage I BSCC in the floor of the mouth. This early stage presentation carries a considerably better prognosis. Clinical summary of 46 cases of oral BSCC indicated that the tongue base was the most preferred site (61%). The patients were 19 males and 15 females with the mean age of 61 years (n=34). Most presented with Stage III or IV disease (62%). Even at the initial presentation, 47% had cervical lymph node metastases. Its aggressive clinical behaviour was characterized by a high incidence of local recurrence (32%), regional lymph node metastases (52%), and mortality rate (38%). Because of the advanced stage at presentation, oral BSCC is prognostically worse.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ide
- Department of Oral Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical School, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan
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Coletta RD, Cotrim P, Vargas PA, Villalba H, Pires FR, de Moraes M, de Almeida OP. Basaloid squamous carcinoma of the oral cavity: report of 2 cases and study of AgNOR, PCNA, p53, and MMP expression. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2001; 91:563-9. [PMID: 11346736 DOI: 10.1067/moe.2001.113161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Basaloid squamous carcinoma (BSC) is an uncommon aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with a predilection for the head and neck. In the English literature, approximately 40 cases of BSC in the oral cavity have been described. In this study, the clinicopathologic features of 2 cases of BSC affecting the buccal mucosa are reported. In addition, we compare the proliferative and invasive potential of BSC cells with that of poorly differentiated SCC cells matched for age, sex, site, and TNM status. Proliferative activity was studied through use of the argyrophilic nuclear organizer region (AgNOR) method and immunohistochemical quantification of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The invasive potential was evaluated through use of the semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Alterations of p53 were also investigated through use of immunohistochemistry. The tumors showed many clinical and histopathologic similarities to tumors in cases previously reported. The AgNOR and PCNA indices were significantly higher in the 2 cases of BSC than in the cases of SCC. Immunostaining for p53 protein showed a higher percentage of positive cells and more intense staining in the BSC tissues than in the SCC tissues. RT-PCR studies clearly demonstrated that the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 was higher in cells from BSCs than in cells from SCCs. Taken together, the data described here are compatible with the concept that BSC has a more aggressive biologic behavior than conventional SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Coletta
- Department of Oral Surgery, University of Campinas Dental School, Caixa Postal 52, 13414-018 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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