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Chen C, Zhang S, Yang T, Wang C, Han G. Associations between environmental heavy metals exposure and preserved ratio impaired spirometry in the U.S. adults. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2023; 30:108274-108287. [PMID: 37749472 PMCID: PMC10611825 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
We examined 9556 individuals aged 18 to 79 years who had information on spirometry testing and heavy metals and used multivariable logistic or linear regression to evaluate associations between serum levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury and PRISm and lung function in U.S. adults, which were conducted first in all participants, and then separately in never/former smokers and current smokers. The overall prevalence of PRISm was 7.02%. High levels of serum cadmium were significantly associated with PRISm in all individuals, no matter in never/former smokers (quartile 4 vs 1, the OR = 2.517, 95% CI = 1.376-4.604, p-trend = 0.0077) and current smokers (quartile 4 vs 1, the OR = 2.201, 95% CI = 1.265-3.830, p-trend = 0.0020). Serum lead and mercury were not significantly correlated with PRISm, regardless of smoking status. Serum cadmium was strongly correlated with lower FEV1/FVC, regardless of smoking status. Besides, serum cadmium was also significantly related to lower FVC % predicted in never/former smokers and lower FEV1% predicted in current smokers. Serum lead was strongly correlated with lower FVC % predicted and FEV1/FVC in all individuals and never/former smokers. And serum mercury was significantly associated with decrements in FVC % predicted in all individuals and current smokers. These findings demonstrate that serum cadmium is associated with a higher risk of PRISm and lower lung function, with the most significant effect on FEV1/FVC in particular. Our results also indicate that exposure to lead and mercury negatively affects lung function in never/former smokers and current smokers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunan Zhang
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yang
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen Wang
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiling Han
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
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Curtis JL. Understanding COPD Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Definition. Respir Care 2023; 68:859-870. [PMID: 37353333 PMCID: PMC10289621 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
COPD, one of the leading worldwide health problems, currently lacks truly disease-modifying medical therapies applicable to most patients. Developing such novel therapies has been hampered by the marked heterogeneity of phenotypes between individuals with COPD. Such heterogeneity suggests that, rather than a single cause (particularly just direct inhalation of tobacco products), development and progression of COPD likely involve both complex gene-by-environment interactions to multiple inhalational exposures and a variety of molecular pathways. However, there has been considerable recent progress toward understanding how specific pathological processes can lead to discrete COPD phenotypes, particularly that of small airways disease. Advances in imaging techniques that correlate to specific types of histological damage, and in the immunological mechanisms of lung damage in COPD, hold promise for development of personalized therapies. At the same time, there is growing recognition that the current diagnostic criteria for COPD, based solely on spirometry, exclude large numbers of individuals with very similar disease manifestations. This concise review summarizes current understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of COPD and provides background explaining the increasing calls to expand the diagnostic criteria used to diagnose COPD and some challenges in doing so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Curtis
- Medical Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Li D, Kim W, An J, Kim S, Lee S, Do A, Kim W, Lee S, Yoon D, Lee K, Ha S, Silverman EK, Cho M, Shin C, Won S. Heritability Analyses Uncover Shared Genetic Effects of Lung Function and Change over Time. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071261. [PMID: 35886044 PMCID: PMC9316642 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic influence on lung functions has been identified in previous studies; however, the relative longitudinal effects of genetic factors and their interactions with smoking on lung function remain unclear. Here, we identified the longitudinal effects of genetic variants on lung function by determining single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability and genetic correlations, and by analyzing interactions with smoking. Subject-specific means and annual change rates were calculated for eight spirometric measures obtained from 6622 Korean adults aged 40−69 years every two years for 14 years, and their heritabilities were estimated separately. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) heritability for the subject-specific means of all spirometric measures (8~32%) and change rates of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC; 16%) and post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (17%) were detected. Significant genetic correlations of the change rate with the subject-specific mean were observed for FEV1/FVC (ρg = 0.64) and post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (ρg = 0.47). Furthermore, post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC showed significant heritability of SNP-by-smoking interaction (hGXS2 = 0.4) for the annual change rate. The GWAS also detected genome-wide significant SNPs for FEV1 (rs4793538), FEV1/FVC (rs2704589, rs62201158, and rs9391733), and post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (rs2445936). We found statistically significant evidence of heritability role on the change in lung function, and this was shared with the effects on cross-sectional measurements. We also found some evidence of interaction with smoking for the change of lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghe Li
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.L.); (A.D.)
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Woojin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Jahoon An
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Soriul Kim
- Institute for Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136701, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Seungku Lee
- Institute for Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136701, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Ahra Do
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Wonji Kim
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (W.K.); (E.K.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Sanghun Lee
- Department of Medical Consilience, Graduate School, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea;
| | - Dankyu Yoon
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Korea;
| | - Kwangbae Lee
- Korea Medical Institute, Seoul 03173, Korea; (K.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Seounguk Ha
- Korea Medical Institute, Seoul 03173, Korea; (K.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (W.K.); (E.K.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Michael Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (W.K.); (E.K.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Chol Shin
- Institute for Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136701, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.)
- Division of Pulmonary Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Sungho Won
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.L.); (A.D.)
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- RexSoft Inc., Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (S.W.)
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Cho MH, Hobbs BD, Silverman EK. Genetics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: understanding the pathobiology and heterogeneity of a complex disorder. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2022; 10:485-96. [PMID: 35427534 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00510-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a deadly and highly morbid disease. Susceptibility to and heterogeneity of COPD are incompletely explained by environmental factors such as cigarette smoking. Family-based and population-based studies have shown that a substantial proportion of COPD risk is related to genetic variation. Genetic association studies have identified hundreds of genetic variants that affect risk for COPD, decreased lung function, and other COPD-related traits. These genetic variants are associated with other pulmonary and non-pulmonary traits, demonstrate a genetic basis for at least part of COPD heterogeneity, have a substantial effect on COPD risk in aggregate, implicate early-life events in COPD pathogenesis, and often involve genes not previously suspected to have a role in COPD. Additional progress will require larger genetic studies with more ancestral diversity, improved profiling of rare variants, and better statistical methods. Through integration of genetic data with other omics data and comprehensive COPD phenotypes, as well as functional description of causal mechanisms for genetic risk variants, COPD genetics will continue to inform novel approaches to understanding the pathobiology of COPD and developing new strategies for management and treatment.
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Dauty M, Georges T, Le Blanc C, Louguet B, Menu P, Fouasson-Chailloux A. Reference Values of Forced Vital Capacity and Expiratory Flow in High-Level Cyclists. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1293. [PMID: 34947824 DOI: 10.3390/life11121293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that spirometric theoretical values may not be applicable to the high-level sports population. No reference values exist for high-level professional cyclists. We aimed to establish predictive spirometric values by reference equations. One hundred and forty-five French Caucasian high-level professional cyclists, aged 18–38, performed basic anthropometric assessment and spirometry during the medical evaluation at the beginning of the sport season. Measured values were compared with theoretical values. Predictive equations were established from anthropometric parameters to explain variations of spirometric parameters. High-level cyclists had significantly higher spirometric values than the theoretical values established from a general population, except for forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory flow (FEF) at 25% of FVC. Only FVC and FEV1 were well predicted from body height. The FVC variation of 43.5% is explained by body height and weight. The FEV1 variation of 25.8% is explained only by body height. High-level cycling is associated with important respiratory adaptations depending on the body height and the sport specificity: intensive and prolonged endurance training. These findings are interesting for clinical individual application to diagnose obstructive disease and test reversibility with bronchodilator drugs.
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Zhang PD, Zhang XR, Zhang A, Li ZH, Liu D, Zhang YJ, Mao C. Associations of genetic risk and smoking with incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2021; 59:13993003.01320-2021. [PMID: 34172472 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01320-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic and smoking contribute to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but whether a combined polygenic risk score (PRS) is associated with incident COPD and whether it has a synergistic effect on the smoking remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of PRS with COPD and explore whether smoking behaviors could modify such association. METHODS Multivariable Cox proportional models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association of the PRS and smoking with COPD. RESULTS The study included 439 255 participants (mean age 56.5; 53.9% female), with a median follow-up of 9.0 years. The PRSlasso containing 2.5 million variants showed better discrimination and a stronger association for incident COPD than the PRS279 containing 279 genome-wide significance variants. Compared with the low genetic risk, the HRs of the medium and high genetic risk were 1.39 (95% CI, 1.31-1.48) and 2.40 (95% CI, 2.24-2.56), respectively. The HR of high genetic risk and current smoking was 11.62 (95% CI, 10.31-13.10) times of low genetic risk and never smoking. There were significant interactions between the PRSlasso and smoking status for incident COPD (p for interaction<0.001). From low genetic risk to high genetic risk, the HRs of current smoking increased from 4.32 (95% CI, 3.69-5.06) to 6.89 (95% CI, 6.21-7.64), and the population-attributable risks of smoking increased from 42.7% to 61.1%. CONCLUSION PRS constructed from millions of variants below genome-wide significance showed significant associations with incident COPD. Participants with a high genetic risk may be more susceptible to developing COPD when exposed to smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Pei-Dong Zhang and Xi-Ru Zhang contributed to the work equally
| | - Xi-Ru Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Pei-Dong Zhang and Xi-Ru Zhang contributed to the work equally
| | - Ao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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7
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Pratte KA, Curtis JL, Kechris K, Couper D, Cho MH, Silverman EK, DeMeo DL, Sciurba FC, Zhang Y, Ortega VE, O'Neal WK, Gillenwater LA, Lynch DA, Hoffman EA, Newell JD, Comellas AP, Castaldi PJ, Miller BE, Pouwels SD, Hacken NHTT, Bischoff R, Klont F, Woodruff PG, Paine R, Barr RG, Hoidal J, Doerschuk CM, Charbonnier JP, Sung R, Locantore N, Yonchuk JG, Jacobson S, Tal-Singer R, Merrill D, Bowler RP. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) as a biomarker of COPD. Respir Res 2021; 22:127. [PMID: 33906653 PMCID: PMC8076883 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01686-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) is a proposed emphysema and airflow obstruction biomarker; however, previous publications have shown inconsistent associations and only one study has investigate the association between sRAGE and emphysema. No cohorts have examined the association between sRAGE and progressive decline of lung function. There have also been no evaluation of assay compatibility, receiver operating characteristics, and little examination of the effect of genetic variability in non-white population. This manuscript addresses these deficiencies and introduces novel data from Pittsburgh COPD SCCOR and as well as novel work on airflow obstruction. A meta-analysis is used to quantify sRAGE associations with clinical phenotypes. METHODS sRAGE was measured in four independent longitudinal cohorts on different analytic assays: COPDGene (n = 1443); SPIROMICS (n = 1623); ECLIPSE (n = 2349); Pittsburgh COPD SCCOR (n = 399). We constructed adjusted linear mixed models to determine associations of sRAGE with baseline and follow up forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) and emphysema by quantitative high-resolution CT lung density at the 15th percentile (adjusted for total lung capacity). RESULTS Lower plasma or serum sRAGE values were associated with a COPD diagnosis (P < 0.001), reduced FEV1 (P < 0.001), and emphysema severity (P < 0.001). In an inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis, one SD lower log10-transformed sRAGE was associated with 105 ± 22 mL lower FEV1 and 4.14 ± 0.55 g/L lower adjusted lung density. After adjusting for covariates, lower sRAGE at baseline was associated with greater FEV1 decline and emphysema progression only in the ECLIPSE cohort. Non-Hispanic white subjects carrying the rs2070600 minor allele (A) and non-Hispanic African Americans carrying the rs2071288 minor allele (A) had lower sRAGE measurements compare to those with the major allele, but their emphysema-sRAGE regression slopes were similar. CONCLUSIONS Lower blood sRAGE is associated with more severe airflow obstruction and emphysema, but associations with progression are inconsistent in the cohorts analyzed. In these cohorts, genotype influenced sRAGE measurements and strengthened variance modelling. Thus, genotype should be included in sRAGE evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey L Curtis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Medical Service, Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katerina Kechris
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David Couper
- Department of Biostatistics, Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael H Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank C Sciurba
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Victor E Ortega
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Wanda K O'Neal
- Marsico Lung Institute (CF Research Center), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lucas A Gillenwater
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO, 80206, USA.,Computational Bioscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - David A Lynch
- Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Eric A Hoffman
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John D Newell
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Alejandro P Comellas
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter J Castaldi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Simon D Pouwels
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Nick H T Ten Hacken
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Frank Klont
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert Paine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Hoidal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Claire M Doerschuk
- Marsico Lung Institute (CF Research Center), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Ruby Sung
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | | | - John G Yonchuk
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Sean Jacobson
- Department of Genetics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Russell P Bowler
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO, 80206, USA.
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Sunny SK, Zhang H, Mzayek F, Relton CL, Ring S, Henderson AJ, Ewart S, Holloway JW, Arshad SH. Pre-adolescence DNA methylation is associated with lung function trajectories from pre-adolescence to adulthood. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:5. [PMID: 33407823 PMCID: PMC7789734 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pattern of lung function development from pre-adolescence to adulthood plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases. Inconsistent findings in genetic studies on lung function trajectories, the importance of DNA methylation (DNA-M), and the critical role of adolescence in lung function development motivated the present study of pre-adolescent DNA-M with lung function trajectories. This study investigated epigenome-wide associations of DNA-M at cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotide sites (CpGs) at childhood with lung function trajectories from childhood to young adulthood. METHODS DNA-M was measured in peripheral blood at age 10 years in the Isle of Wight (IOW) birth cohort. Spirometry was conducted at ages 10, 18, and 26 years. A training/testing-based method was used to screen CpGs. Multivariable logistic regressions were applied to assess the association of DNA-M with lung function trajectories from pre-adolescence to adulthood. To detect differentially methylated regions (DMRs) among CpGs, DMR enrichment analysis was conducted. Findings were further tested in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort. Pathway analyses were performed on the mapped genes of the identified CpGs and DMRs. Biological relevance of the identified CpGs was assessed with gene expression. All analyses were stratified by sex. RESULTS High and low trajectories of FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC in each sex were identified. At PBonferroni < 0.05, DNA-M at 96 distinct CpGs (41 in males) showed associations with FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC trajectories in IOW cohort. These 95 CpGs (cg24000797 was disqualified) were further tested in ALSPAC; 44 CpGs (19 in males) of these 95 showed the same directions of association as in the IOW cohort; and three CpGs (two in males) were replicated. DNA-M at two and four CpGs showed significant associations with the corresponding gene expression in males and females, respectively. At PFDR < 0.05, 23 and 10 DMRs were identified in males and females, respectively. Pathways were identified; some of those were linked to lung function and chronic obstructive lung diseases. CONCLUSION The identified CpGs at pre-adolescence have the potential to serve as candidate markers for lung function trajectory prediction and chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadia Khan Sunny
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA
| | - Fawaz Mzayek
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA
| | - Caroline L. Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK
| | - Susan Ring
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK
| | - A. John Henderson
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK
| | - Susan Ewart
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - John W. Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - S. Hasan Arshad
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Parkhurst Road, Newport, Isle of Wight, PO30 5TG UK
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9
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Portas L, Pereira M, Shaheen SO, Wyss AB, London SJ, Burney PGJ, Hind M, Dean CH, Minelli C. Lung Development Genes and Adult Lung Function. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 202:853-865. [PMID: 32392078 PMCID: PMC7491406 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201912-2338oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Poor lung health in adult life may occur partly through
suboptimal growth and development, as suggested by epidemiological evidence
pointing to early life risk factors. Objectives: To systematically investigate the effects of lung
development genes on adult lung function. Methods: Using UK Biobank data, we tested the association of 391
genes known to influence lung development with FVC and FEV1/FVC. We
split the dataset into two random subsets of 207,616 and 138,411 individuals,
using the larger subset to select the most promising signals and the smaller
subset for replication. Measurements and Main Results: We identified 55 genes, of which 36
(16 for FVC, 19 for FEV1/FVC, and one for both) had not been
identified in the largest, most recent genome-wide study of lung function. Most
of these 36 signals were intronic variants; expression data from blood and lung
tissue showed that the majority affect the expression of the genes they lie
within. Further testing of 34 of these 36 signals in the CHARGE and SpiroMeta
consortia showed that 16 replicated after Bonferroni correction and another 12
replicated at nominal significance level. Of the 55 genes, 53 fell into four
biological categories whose function is to regulate organ size and cell
integrity (growth factors; transcriptional regulators; cell-to-cell adhesion;
extracellular matrix), suggesting that these specific processes are important
for adult lung health. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the importance of lung
development genes in regulating adult lung function and influencing both
restrictive and obstructive patterns. Further investigation of these
developmental pathways could lead to druggable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Portas
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Pereira
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Congenica Ltd., Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Seif O Shaheen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annah B Wyss
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Stephanie J London
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Peter G J Burney
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Hind
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Charlotte H Dean
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,MRC Harwell Institute, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Cosetta Minelli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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10
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Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly heterogeneous disease with limited adequate treatments. Biomarkers-which may relate to disease susceptibility, diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment response-are ideally suited to dissecting such a complex disease and form a critical component of the precision medicine paradigm. Not all potential candidates, however, make good biomarkers. To date, only plasma fibrinogen has been approved by regulatory bodies as a biomarker of exacerbation risk for clinical trial enrichment. This review outlines some of the challenges of biomarker research in COPD and highlights novel and promising biomarker candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Milne
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 166, St Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 166, St Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital Södersjukhuset Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Department of Pediatric Allergology and Pediatric Pulmonology University of Groningen Groningen, the Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC) University of Groningen Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefano Guerra
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona and.,ISGlobal Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Talaminos-Barroso A, Roa-Romero LM, Ortega-Ruiz F, Cejudo-Ramos P, Márquez-Martín E, Reina-Tosina J. Effects of genetics and altitude on lung function. Clin Respir J 2020; 15:247-256. [PMID: 33112470 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this work is to present a review on the impact of genetics and altitude on lung function from classic and recent studies. DATA SOURCE A systematic search has been carried out in different databases of scientific studies, using keywords related to lung volumes, spirometry, altitude and genetics. RESULTS The results of this work have been structured into three parts. First, the relationship between genes and lung function. Next, a review of the genetic predispositions related to respiratory adaptation of people who inhabit high-altitude regions for millennia. Finally, temporary effects and long-term acclimatisation on respiratory physiology at high altitude are presented. CONCLUSIONS The works focused on the influence of genetics and altitude on lung function are currently of interest in terms of studying the interactions between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors in the configuration of the pathophysiological adaptation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francisco Ortega-Ruiz
- Medical-Surgical Unit of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain.,Spanish Networking Center on Biomedical Research, Area of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Cejudo-Ramos
- Medical-Surgical Unit of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain.,Spanish Networking Center on Biomedical Research, Area of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Márquez-Martín
- Medical-Surgical Unit of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
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13
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Moll M, Sakornsakolpat P, Shrine N, Hobbs BD, DeMeo DL, John C, Guyatt AL, McGeachie MJ, Gharib SA, Obeidat M, Lahousse L, Wijnant SRA, Brusselle G, Meyers DA, Bleecker ER, Li X, Tal-Singer R, Manichaikul A, Rich SS, Won S, Kim WJ, Do AR, Washko GR, Barr RG, Psaty BM, Bartz TM, Hansel NN, Barnes K, Hokanson JE, Crapo JD, Lynch D, Bakke P, Gulsvik A, Hall IP, Wain L, Weiss ST, Silverman EK, Dudbridge F, Tobin MD, Cho MH. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and related phenotypes: polygenic risk scores in population-based and case-control cohorts. Lancet Respir Med 2020; 8:696-708. [PMID: 32649918 PMCID: PMC7429152 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors influence chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk, but the individual variants that have been identified have small effects. We hypothesised that a polygenic risk score using additional variants would predict COPD and associated phenotypes. METHODS We constructed a polygenic risk score using a genome-wide association study of lung function (FEV1 and FEV1/forced vital capacity [FVC]) from the UK Biobank and SpiroMeta. We tested this polygenic risk score in nine cohorts of multiple ethnicities for an association with moderate-to-severe COPD (defined as FEV1/FVC <0·7 and FEV1 <80% of predicted). Associations were tested using logistic regression models, adjusting for age, sex, height, smoking pack-years, and principal components of genetic ancestry. We assessed predictive performance of models by area under the curve. In a subset of studies, we also studied quantitative and qualitative CT imaging phenotypes that reflect parenchymal and airway pathology, and patterns of reduced lung growth. FINDINGS The polygenic risk score was associated with COPD in European (odds ratio [OR] per SD 1·81 [95% CI 1·74-1·88] and non-European (1·42 [1·34-1·51]) populations. Compared with the first decile, the tenth decile of the polygenic risk score was associated with COPD, with an OR of 7·99 (6·56-9·72) in European ancestry and 4·83 (3·45-6·77) in non-European ancestry cohorts. The polygenic risk score was superior to previously described genetic risk scores and, when combined with clinical risk factors (ie, age, sex, and smoking pack-years), showed improved prediction for COPD compared with a model comprising clinical risk factors alone (AUC 0·80 [0·79-0·81] vs 0·76 [0·75-0·76]). The polygenic risk score was associated with CT imaging phenotypes, including wall area percent, quantitative and qualitative measures of emphysema, local histogram emphysema patterns, and destructive emphysema subtypes. The polygenic risk score was associated with a reduced lung growth pattern. INTERPRETATION A risk score comprised of genetic variants can identify a small subset of individuals at markedly increased risk for moderate-to-severe COPD, emphysema subtypes associated with cigarette smoking, and patterns of reduced lung growth. FUNDING US National Institutes of Health, Wellcome Trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Moll
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Phuwanat Sakornsakolpat
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nick Shrine
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Brian D Hobbs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine John
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anna L Guyatt
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Michael J McGeachie
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Computational Medicine Core, Center for Lung Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ma'en Obeidat
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lies Lahousse
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara R A Wijnant
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Brusselle
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Xingnan Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ruth Tal-Singer
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sungho Won
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, College of National Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Ah Ra Do
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, College of National Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - George R Washko
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen Barnes
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - James D Crapo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - David Lynch
- Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Per Bakke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Amund Gulsvik
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian P Hall
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Louise Wain
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
| | - Michael H Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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Oelsner EC, Ortega VE, Smith BM, Nguyen JN, Manichaikul AW, Hoffman EA, Guo X, Taylor KD, Woodruff PG, Couper DJ, Hansel NN, Martinez FJ, Paine R, Han MK, Cooper C, Dransfield MT, Criner G, Krishnan JA, Bowler R, Bleecker ER, Peters S, Rich SS, Meyers DA, Rotter JI, Barr RG. A Genetic Risk Score Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Susceptibility and Lung Structure on Computed Tomography. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 200:721-731. [PMID: 30925230 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201812-2355oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been associated with numerous genetic variants, yet the extent to which its genetic risk is mediated by variation in lung structure remains unknown.Objectives: To characterize associations between a genetic risk score (GRS) associated with COPD susceptibility and lung structure on computed tomography (CT).Methods: We analyzed data from MESA Lung (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Lung Study), a U.S. general population-based cohort, and SPIROMICS (Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study). A weighted GRS was calculated from 83 SNPs that were previously associated with lung function. Lung density, spatially matched airway dimensions, and airway counts were assessed on full-lung CT. Generalized linear models were adjusted for age, age squared, sex, height, principal components of genetic ancestry, smoking status, pack-years, CT model, milliamperes, and total lung volume.Measurements and Main Results: MESA Lung and SPIROMICS contributed 2,517 and 2,339 participants, respectively. Higher GRS was associated with lower lung function and increased COPD risk, as well as lower lung density, smaller airway lumens, and fewer small airways, without effect modification by smoking. Adjustment for CT lung structure, particularly small airway measures, attenuated associations between the GRS and FEV1/FVC by 100% and 60% in MESA and SPIROMICS, respectively. Lung structure (P < 0.0001), but not the GRS (P > 0.10), improved discrimination of moderate-to-severe COPD cases relative to clinical factors alone.Conclusions: A GRS associated with COPD susceptibility was associated with CT lung structure. Lung structure may be an important mediator of heritability and determinant of personalized COPD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Oelsner
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Victor E Ortega
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunologic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Benjamin M Smith
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Jennifer N Nguyen
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Eric A Hoffman
- Department of Radiology.,Department of Medicine, and.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | | | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - David J Couper
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fernando J Martinez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Robert Paine
- Division of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Meilan K Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Christopher Cooper
- Department of Medicine, and.,Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mark T Dransfield
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Gerard Criner
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jerry A Krishnan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Russell Bowler
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish, Denver, Colorado; and
| | | | - Stephen Peters
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunologic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | | | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York
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15
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Decrue F, Gorlanova O, Usemann J, Frey U. Lung functional development and asthma trajectories. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:17-27. [PMID: 31989229 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00784-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Early life environmental risk factors are associated with chronic respiratory morbidity in child- and adulthood. A possible mechanism for this sustained effect is their influence on early life lung functional growth and development, a susceptible phase of rapid lung growth with increased plasticity. We summarize evidence of hereditary and environmental ante-, peri-, and early postnatal factors on lung functional development, such as air pollution, tobacco exposure, nutrition, intrauterine growth retardation, prematurity, early life infections, microbiome, and allergies and their effect on lung functional trajectories. While some of the factors (e.g., prematurity) directly impair lung growth, the influence of many environmental factors is mediated through inflammatory processes (e.g., recurrent infections or oxidative stress). The timing and nature of these influences and their impact result in degrees of impaired maximal lung functional capacity in early adulthood; and they potentially impact future long-term respiratory morbidity such as chronic asthma or chronic obstructive airway disease (COPD). We discuss possibilities to prevent or modify such early abnormal lung functional growth trajectories and the need for future studies and prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Decrue
- University Children's Hospital (UKBB), University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 33, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olga Gorlanova
- University Children's Hospital (UKBB), University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 33, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Usemann
- University Children's Hospital (UKBB), University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 33, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Respiratory Medicin, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Frey
- University Children's Hospital (UKBB), University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 33, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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16
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Li D, Kang H, Lee S, Won S. Progressive effects of single-nucleotide polymorphisms on 16 phenotypic traits based on longitudinal data. Genes Genomics 2020; 42:393-403. [PMID: 31902109 PMCID: PMC7113194 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-019-00902-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background There are many research studies have estimated the heritability of phenotypic traits, but few have considered longitudinal changes in several phenotypic traits together. Objective To evaluate the progressive effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on prominent health-related phenotypic traits by determining SNP-based heritability (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$h_{snp}^{2}$$\end{document}hsnp2) using longitudinal data. Methods Sixteen phenotypic traits associated with major health indices were observed biennially for 6843 individuals with 10-year follow-up in a Korean community-based cohort. Average SNP heritability and longitudinal changes in the total period were estimated using a two-stage model. Average and periodic differences for each subject were considered responses to estimate SNP heritability. Furthermore, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed for significant SNPs. Results Each SNP heritability for the phenotypic mean of all sixteen traits through 6 periods (baseline and five follow-ups) were significant. Gradually, the forced vital capacity in one second (FEV1) reflected the only significant SNP heritability among longitudinal changes at a false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted 0.05 significance level (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$h_{snp}^{2} = 0.171$$\end{document}hsnp2=0.171, FDR = 0.0012). On estimating chromosomal heritability, chromosome 2 displayed the highest heritability upon periodic changes in FEV1. SNPs including rs2272402 and rs7209788 displayed a genome-wide significant association with longitudinal changes in FEV1 (P = 1.22 × 10−8 for rs2272402 and P = 3.36 × 10−7 for rs7209788). De novo variants including rs4922117 (near LPL, P = 2.13 × 10−15) of log-transformed high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratios and rs2335418 (near HMGCR, P = 3.2 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\times$$\end{document}× 10−9) of low-density lipoprotein were detected on GWAS. Conclusion Significant genetic effects on longitudinal changes in FEV1 among the middle-aged general population and chromosome 2 account for most of the genetic variance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s13258-019-00902-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghe Li
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahn Kang
- Biology Department, Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences, Boston College, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanghun Lee
- Department of Medical Consilience, Graduate School, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungho Won
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Kwanak-ro Kwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Abstract
Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk is strongly influenced by cigarette smoking, genetic factors are also important determinants of COPD. In addition to Mendelian syndromes such as alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, many genomic regions that influence COPD susceptibility have been identified in genome-wide association studies. Similarly, multiple genomic regions associated with COPD-related phenotypes, such as quantitative emphysema measures, have been found. Identifying the functional variants and key genes within these association regions remains a major challenge. However, newly identified COPD susceptibility genes are already providing novel insights into COPD pathogenesis. Network-based approaches that leverage these genetic discoveries have the potential to assist in decoding the complex genetic architecture of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
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18
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Khadzhieva MB, Kuzovlev AN, Salnikova LE. Pneumonia: host susceptibility and shared genetics with pulmonary function and other traits. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 198:367-380. [PMID: 31487037 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia is a common and severe infectious lung disease. Host genetics, together with underlying medical and lifestyle conditions, determine pneumonia susceptibility. We performed a secondary analysis of the results of two genome-wide studies for pneumonia in 23andMe participants (40 600 cases/90 039 controls) (Tian et al., 2017) and UK Biobank (BB) participants (12 614 cases/324 585 controls) (via the Global Biobank Engine) and used the GTEx database to correlate the results with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) data in lung and whole blood. In the 23andMe pneumonia single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) set, 177 genotyped SNPs in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region satisfied the genome-wide significance level, P ≤ 5·0E-08. Several target genes (e.g. C4A, VARS2, SFTA2, HLA-C, HLA-DQA2) were unidirectionally regulated by many HLA eSNPs associated with a higher risk of pneumonia. In lung, C4A transcript was up-regulated by 291 pneumonia risk alleles spanning the half the HLA region. Among SNPs correlated with the expression levels of SFTA2 and VARS2, approximately 75% overlapped: all risk alleles were associated with VARS2 up-regulation and SFTA2 down-regulation. To find shared gene loci between pneumonia and pulmonary function (PF), we used data from the Global Biobank Engine and literature on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of PF in general populations. Numerous gene loci overlapped between pneumonia and PF: 28·8% in the BB data set and 49·2% in the 23andMe data set. Enrichment analysis within the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) and National Human Genome Research Institute-European Bioinformatics Institute (NHGRI-EBI) Catalog of pneumonia and pneumonia/PF gene sets identified significant overlap between these gene sets and genes related to inflammatory, developmental, neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular and obesity-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Khadzhieva
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia.,N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Kuzovlev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia
| | - L E Salnikova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia.,N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
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DeMeo DL. The Recursive Trek of Epigenetics from the Bench to the Bedside. Predictive Methylation Marks by the Dozen. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 198:145-146. [PMID: 29585206 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201803-0477ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn L DeMeo
- 1 Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts
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Liu CT, Merino J, Rybin D, DiCorpo D, Benke KS, Bragg-Gresham JL, Canouil M, Corre T, Grallert H, Isaacs A, Kutalik Z, Lahti J, Marullo L, Marzi C, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Rocheleau G, Rueedi R, Scapoli C, Verweij N, Vogelzangs N, Willems SM, Yengo L, Bakker SJL, Beilby J, Hui J, Kajantie E, Müller-Nurasyid M, Rathmann W, Balkau B, Bergmann S, Eriksson JG, Florez JC, Froguel P, Harris T, Hung J, James AL, Kavousi M, Miljkovic I, Musk AW, Palmer LJ, Peters A, Roussel R, van der Harst P, van Duijn CM, Vollenweider P, Barroso I, Prokopenko I, Dupuis J, Meigs JB, Bouatia-Naji N. Genome-wide Association Study of Change in Fasting Glucose over time in 13,807 non-diabetic European Ancestry Individuals. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9439. [PMID: 31263163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects the health of millions of people worldwide. The identification of genetic determinants associated with changes in glycemia over time might illuminate biological features that precede the development of T2D. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study of longitudinal fasting glucose changes in up to 13,807 non-diabetic individuals of European descent from nine cohorts. Fasting glucose change over time was defined as the slope of the line defined by multiple fasting glucose measurements obtained over up to 14 years of observation. We tested for associations of genetic variants with inverse-normal transformed fasting glucose change over time adjusting for age at baseline, sex, and principal components of genetic variation. We found no genome-wide significant association (P < 5 × 10-8) with fasting glucose change over time. Seven loci previously associated with T2D, fasting glucose or HbA1c were nominally (P < 0.05) associated with fasting glucose change over time. Limited power influences unambiguous interpretation, but these data suggest that genetic effects on fasting glucose change over time are likely to be small. A public version of the data provides a genomic resource to combine with future studies to evaluate shared genetic links with T2D and other metabolic risk traits.
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Belgrave DCM, Granell R, Turner SW, Curtin JA, Buchan IE, Le Souëf PN, Simpson A, Henderson AJ, Custovic A. Lung function trajectories from pre-school age to adulthood and their associations with early life factors: a retrospective analysis of three population-based birth cohort studies. Lancet Respir Med 2018; 6:526-534. [PMID: 29628377 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(18)30099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maximal lung function in early adulthood is an important determinant of mortality and COPD. We investigated whether distinct trajectories of lung function are present during childhood and whether these extend to adulthood and infancy. METHODS To ascertain trajectories of FEV1, we studied two population-based birth cohorts (MAAS and ALSPAC) with repeat spirometry from childhood into early adulthood (1046 participants from 5-16 years and 1390 participants from 8-24 years). We used a third cohort (PIAF) with repeat lung function measures in infancy (V'maxFRC) and childhood (FEV1; 196 participants from 1 month to 18 years of age) to investigate whether these childhood trajectories extend from early life. We identified trajectories using latent profile modelling. We created an allele score to investigate genetic associations of trajectories, and constructed a multivariable model to identify their early-life predictors. FINDINGS We identified four childhood FEV1 trajectories: persistently high, normal, below average, and persistently low. The persistently low trajectory (129 [5%] of 2436 participants) was associated with persistent wheezing and asthma throughout follow-up. In genetic analysis, compared with the normal trajectory, the pooled relative risk ratio per allele was 0·96 (95% CI 0·92-1·01; p=0·13) for persistently high, 1·01 (0·99-1·02; p=0·49) for below average, and 1·05 (0·98-1·13; p=0·13) for persistently low. Most children in the low V'maxFRC trajectory in infancy did not progress to the low FEV1 trajectory in childhood. Early-life factors associated with the persistently low trajectory included recurrent wheeze with severe wheezing exacerbations, early allergic sensitisation, and tobacco smoke exposure. INTERPRETATION Reduction of childhood smoke exposure and minimisation of the risk of early-life sensitisation and wheezing exacerbations might reduce the risk of diminished lung function in early adulthood. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Granell
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - John A Curtin
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Iain E Buchan
- Health Informatics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter N Le Souëf
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Angela Simpson
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - A John Henderson
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Adnan Custovic
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Li Y, Cho MH, Zhou X. What do polymorphisms tell us about the mechanisms of COPD? Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:2847-63. [PMID: 29203722 DOI: 10.1042/CS20160718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is characterized by irreversible lung airflow obstruction. Cigarette smoke is the major risk factor for COPD development. However, only a minority number of smokers develop COPD, and there are substantial variations in lung function among smokers, suggesting that genetic determinants in COPD susceptibility. During the past decade, genome-wide association studies and exome sequencing have been instrumental to identify the genetic determinants of complex traits, including COPD. Focused studies have revealed mechanisms by which genetic variants contribute to COPD and have led to novel insights in COPD pathogenesis. Through functional investigations of causal variants in COPD, from the proteinase-antiproteinase theory to emerging roles of developmental pathways (such as Hedgehog and Wnt pathways) in COPD, we have greatly expanded our understanding on this complex pulmonary disease. In this review, we critically review functional investigations on roles of genetic polymorphisms in COPD, and discuss future challenges and opportunities in discovering novel mechanisms of functional variants.
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Abstract
Recent years have witnessed critical contributions to our understanding of the determinants and long-term implications of lung function development. In this article, we review studies that have contributed to advances in understanding lung function development and its critical importance for lung health into adult life. In particular, we have focused on early life determinants that include genetic factors, perinatal events, environmental exposures, lifestyle, infancy lower respiratory tract infections, and persistent asthma phenotypes. Longitudinal studies have conclusively demonstrated that lung function deficits that are established by school age may track into adult life and increase the risk of adult lung obstructive diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Furthermore, these contributions have provided initial evidence in support of a direct influence by early life events on an accelerated decline of lung function and an increased susceptibility to its environmental determinants well into adult life. As such, we argue that future health-care programs based on precision medicine approaches that integrate deep phenotyping with tailored medication and advice to patients should also foster optimal lung function growth to be fully effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children's Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefano Guerra
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,ISGlobal Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain
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