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de Jesus LCL, Freitas ADS, Dutra JDCF, Campos GM, Américo MF, Laguna JG, Dornelas EG, Carvalho RDDO, Vital KD, Fernandes SOA, Cardoso VN, de Oliveira JS, de Oliveira MFA, Faria AMC, Ferreira E, Souza RDO, Martins FS, Barroso FAL, Azevedo V. Lactobacillus delbrueckii CIDCA 133 fermented milk modulates inflammation and gut microbiota to alleviate acute colitis. Food Res Int 2024; 186:114322. [PMID: 38729712 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis CIDCA 133 is a health-promoting bacterium that can alleviate gut inflammation and improve the epithelial barrier in a mouse model of mucositis. Despite these beneficial effects, the protective potential of this strain in other inflammation models, such as inflammatory bowel disease, remains unexplored. Herein, we examined for the first time the efficacy of Lactobacillus delbrueckii CIDCA 133 incorporated into a fermented milk formulation in the recovery of inflammation, epithelial damage, and restoration of gut microbiota in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Oral administration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii CIDCA 133 fermented milk relieved colitis by decreasing levels of inflammatory factors (myeloperoxidase, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, toll-like receptor 2, nuclear factor-κB, interleukins 10 and 6, and tumor necrosis factor), secretory immunoglobulin A levels, and intestinal paracellular permeability. This immunobiotic also modulated the expression of tight junction proteins (zonulin and occludin) and the activation of short-chain fatty acids-related receptors (G-protein coupled receptors 43 and 109A). Colonic protection was effectively associated with acetate production and restoration of gut microbiota composition. Treatment with Lactobacillus delbrueckii CIDCA 133 fermented milk increased the abundance of Firmicutes members (Lactobacillus genus) while decreasing the abundance of Proteobacteria (Helicobacter genus) and Bacteroidetes members (Bacteroides genus). These promising outcomes influenced the mice's mucosal healing, colon length, body weight, and disease activity index, demonstrating that this immunobiotic could be explored as an alternative approach for managing inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Cláudio Lima de Jesus
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andria Dos Santos Freitas
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Joyce da Cruz Ferraz Dutra
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Munis Campos
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Monique Ferrary Américo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Guimarães Laguna
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Evandro Gonçalves Dornelas
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Kátia Duarte Vital
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jamil Silvano de Oliveira
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Maria Caetano Faria
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Enio Ferreira
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of General Pathology, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ramon de Oliveira Souza
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Microbiology, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Research and Development Board, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Santos Martins
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Microbiology, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Vasco Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Sheikh IA, Bianchi-Smak J, Laubitz D, Schiro G, Midura-Kiela MT, Besselsen DG, Vedantam G, Jarmakiewicz S, Filip R, Ghishan FK, Gao N, Kiela PR. Transplant of microbiota from Crohn's disease patients to germ-free mice results in colitis. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2333483. [PMID: 38532703 PMCID: PMC10978031 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2333483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is beyond debate, attempts to verify the causative role of IBD-associated dysbiosis have been limited to reports of promoting the disease in genetically susceptible mice or in chemically induced colitis. We aimed to further test the host response to fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) from Crohn's disease patients on mucosal homeostasis in ex-germ-free (xGF) mice. We characterized and transferred fecal microbiota from healthy patients and patients with defined Crohn's ileocolitis (CD_L3) to germ-free mice and analyzed the resulting microbial and mucosal homeostasis by 16S profiling, shotgun metagenomics, histology, immunofluorescence (IF) and RNAseq analysis. We observed a markedly reduced engraftment of CD_L3 microbiome compared to healthy control microbiota. FMT from CD_L3 patients did not lead to ileitis but resulted in colitis with features consistent with CD: a discontinued pattern of colitis, more proximal colonic localization, enlarged isolated lymphoid follicles and/or tertiary lymphoid organ neogenesis, and a transcriptomic pattern consistent with epithelial reprograming and promotion of the Paneth cell-like signature in the proximal colon and immune dysregulation characteristic of CD. The observed inflammatory response was associated with persistently increased abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalimonas umbilicate, Blautia hominis, Clostridium butyricum, and C. paraputrificum and unexpected growth of toxigenic C. difficile, which was below the detection level in the community used for inoculation. Our study provides the first evidence that the transfer of a dysbiotic community from CD patients can lead to spontaneous inflammatory changes in the colon of xGF mice and identifies a signature microbial community capable of promoting colonization of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ali Sheikh
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Daniel Laubitz
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Gabriele Schiro
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Monica T. Midura-Kiela
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - David G. Besselsen
- Pediatrics, University Animal Care, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Gayatri Vedantam
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sara Jarmakiewicz
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow, Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Rafał Filip
- Institute of Medicine, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Gastroenterology with IBD Unit, Clinical Hospital, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Fayez K. Ghishan
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pawel R. Kiela
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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3
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Holcomb L, Holman JM, Hurd M, Lavoie B, Colucci L, Hunt B, Hunt T, Kinney M, Pathak J, Mawe GM, Moses PL, Perry E, Stratigakis A, Zhang T, Chen G, Ishaq SL, Li Y. Early life exposure to broccoli sprouts confers stronger protection against enterocolitis development in an immunological mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. mSystems 2023; 8:e0068823. [PMID: 37942948 PMCID: PMC10734470 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00688-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE To our knowledge, IL-10-KO mice have not previously been used to investigate the interactions of host, microbiota, and broccoli, broccoli sprouts, or broccoli bioactives in resolving symptoms of CD. We showed that a diet containing 10% raw broccoli sprouts increased the plasma concentration of the anti-inflammatory compound sulforaphane and protected mice to varying degrees against disease symptoms, including weight loss or stagnation, fecal blood, and diarrhea. Younger mice responded more strongly to the diet, further reducing symptoms, as well as increased gut bacterial richness, increased bacterial community similarity to each other, and more location-specific communities than older mice on the diet intervention. Crohn's disease disrupts the lives of patients and requires people to alter dietary and lifestyle habits to manage symptoms. The current medical treatment is expensive with significant side effects, and a dietary intervention represents an affordable, accessible, and simple strategy to reduce the burden of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Holcomb
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Johanna M. Holman
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Molly Hurd
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Brigitte Lavoie
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Louisa Colucci
- Department of Biology, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA
| | - Benjamin Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Timothy Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Marissa Kinney
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Jahnavi Pathak
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Gary M. Mawe
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Peter L. Moses
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
- Finch Therapeutics, Somerville, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emma Perry
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Allesandra Stratigakis
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA
| | - Grace Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Suzanne L. Ishaq
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Yanyan Li
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
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Curvino EJ, Roe EF, Freire Haddad H, Anderson AR, Woodruff ME, Votaw NL, Segura T, Hale LP, Collier JH. Engaging natural antibody responses for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease via phosphorylcholine-presenting nanofibres. Nat Biomed Eng 2023:10.1038/s41551-023-01139-6. [PMID: 38012308 PMCID: PMC11128482 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease lacks a long-lasting and broadly effective therapy. Here, by taking advantage of the anti-infection and anti-inflammatory properties of natural antibodies against the small-molecule epitope phosphorylcholine (PC), we show in multiple mouse models of colitis that immunization of the animals with self-assembling supramolecular peptide nanofibres bearing PC epitopes induced sustained levels of anti-PC antibodies that were both protective and therapeutic. The strength and type of immune responses elicited by the nanofibres could be controlled through the relative valency of PC epitopes and exogenous T-cell epitopes on the nanofibres and via the addition of the adjuvant CpG. The nanomaterial-assisted induction of the production of therapeutic antibodies may represent a durable therapy for inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily F Roe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Alexa R Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mia E Woodruff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nicole L Votaw
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Laura P Hale
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joel H Collier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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Holcomb L, Holman JM, Hurd M, Lavoie B, Colucci L, Hunt B, Hunt T, Kinney M, Pathak J, Mawe GM, Moses PL, Perry E, Stratigakis A, Zhang T, Chen G, Ishaq SL, Li Y. Early life exposure to broccoli sprouts confers stronger protection against enterocolitis development in an immunological mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.27.525953. [PMID: 36747766 PMCID: PMC9900910 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.27.525953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's Disease (CD) is a presentation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that manifests in childhood and adolescence, and involves chronic and severe enterocolitis, immune and gut microbiome dysregulation, and other complications. Diet and gut-microbiota-produced metabolites are sources of anti-inflammatories which could ameliorate symptoms. However, questions remain on how IBD influences biogeographic patterns of microbial location and function in the gut, how early life transitional gut communities are affected by IBD and diet interventions, and how disruption to biogeography alters disease mediation by diet components or microbial metabolites. Many studies on diet and IBD use a chemically induced ulcerative colitis model, despite the availability of an immune-modulated CD model. Interleukin-10-knockout (IL-10-KO) mice on a C57BL/6 background, beginning at age 4 or 7 weeks, were fed a control diet or one containing 10% (w/w) raw broccoli sprouts, which was high in the sprout-sourced anti-inflammatory sulforaphane. Diets began 7 days prior to, and for 2 weeks after inoculation with Helicobacter hepaticus, which triggers Crohn's-like symptoms in these immune-impaired mice. The broccoli sprout diet increased sulforaphane in plasma; decreased weight stagnation, fecal blood, and diarrhea associated; and increased microbiota richness in the gut, especially in younger mice. Sprout diets resulted in some anatomically specific bacteria in younger mice, and reduced the prevalence and abundance of pathobiont bacteria which trigger inflammation in the IL-10-KO mouse, for example; Escherichia coli and Helicobacter. Overall, the IL-10-KO mouse model is responsive to a raw broccoli sprout diet and represents an opportunity for more diet-host-microbiome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Holcomb
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Johanna M. Holman
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Molly Hurd
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
| | - Brigitte Lavoie
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
| | - Louisa Colucci
- Department of Biology, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA 04401
| | - Benjamin Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Timothy Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Marissa Kinney
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Jahnavi Pathak
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Gary M. Mawe
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
| | - Peter L. Moses
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
- Finch Therapeutics, Somerville, Massachusetts, USA 02143
| | - Emma Perry
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Allesandra Stratigakis
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA 13790
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA 13790
| | - Grace Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA 48109
| | - Suzanne L. Ishaq
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Yanyan Li
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
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Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect Mechanism of Polysaccharides from Charred Angelica sinensis on the Layer Chickens Based on the Detection of the Intestinal Floras and Short-Chain Fatty Acids of Cecal Contents and Association Analysis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10030224. [PMID: 36977263 PMCID: PMC10058873 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10030224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To analyze the intervention mechanism of polysaccharides from charred Angelica sinensis (CASP) on the liver injury caused by Ceftiofur sodium (CS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the perspective of the intestine. Ninety-four one-day-old laying chickens underwent free feeding and drinking water for three days. Then, fourteen laying chickens were randomly selected as the control group, and sixteen laying chickens were selected as the model group. Sixteen laying chickens in the rest were randomly selected as the intervention group of CASP. Chickens in the intervention group were given CASP by the oral administration (0.25 g/kg/d) for 10 days, the control and model groups were given the same amount of physiological saline. During the 8th and 10th days, laying chickens in the model and CASP intervention group were subcutaneously injected with CS at the neck. In contrast, those in the control group were subcutaneously injected with the same amount of normal saline simultaneously. Except for the control group, the layer chickens in the model and CASP intervention groups were injected with LPS after CS injection on the 10th day of the experiment. In contrast, those in the control group were injected with the same amount of normal saline at the same time. 48 h after the experiment, the liver samples of each group were collected, and the liver injury was analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy. And the cecum contents of six-layer chickens in each group were collected, and the intervention mechanism of CASP on the liver injury from the perspective of the intestine was analyzed by the 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing technology and the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) detection of cecal contents based on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and their association analysis was carried out. The results showed that the structure of chicken liver in the normal control group was normal, while that in the model group was damaged. The structure of chicken liver in the CASP intervention group was similar to the normal control group. The intestinal floras in the model group were maladjusted compared to the normal control group. After the intervention of CASP, the diversity, and richness of chicken intestinal floras changed significantly. It was speculated that the intervention mechanism of CASP on the chicken liver injury might be related to the abundance and proportion of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Compared with the model group, the indexes of ace, chao1, observed species, and PD whole tree of chicken cecum floras in the intervention group of CASP were significantly increased (p < 0.05). The contents of acetic acid, butyric acid, and total SCFAs in the intervention group of CASP were significantly lower than those in the model group (p < 0.05), and the contents of propionic acid and valeric acid in the intervention group of CASP were significantly lower than those in the model group (p < 0.05) and normal control group (p < 0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the changes in the intestinal floras were correlated with the changes in SCFAs in the cecum. It is confirmed that the liver-protecting effect of CASP is indeed related to the changes in the intestinal floras and SCFAs content in the cecum, which provides a basis for screening liver-protecting alternative antibiotics products for poultry.
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Xu J, Xu J, Shi T, Zhang Y, Chen F, Yang C, Guo X, Liu G, Shao D, Leong KW, Nie G. Probiotic-Inspired Nanomedicine Restores Intestinal Homeostasis in Colitis by Regulating Redox Balance, Immune Responses, and the Gut Microbiome. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207890. [PMID: 36341495 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbiota-based therapeutics offer innovative strategies to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). However, the poor clinical outcome so far and the limited flexibility of the bacterial approach call for improvement. Inspired by the health benefits of probiotics in alleviating symptoms of bowel diseases, bioartificial probiotics are designed to restore the intestinal microenvironment in colitis by regulating redox balance, immune responses, and the gut microbiome. The bioartificial probiotic comprises two components: an E. coli Nissle 1917-derived membrane (EM) as the surface and the biodegradable diselenide-bridged mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SeM) as the core. When orally administered, the probiotic-inspired nanomedicine (SeM@EM) adheres strongly to the mucus layer and restored intestinal redox balance and immune regulation homeostasis in a murine model of acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate. In addition, the respective properties of the EM and SeM synergistically alter the gut microbiome to a favorable state by increasing the bacterial diversity and shifting the microbiome profile to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. This work suggests a safe and effective nanomedicine that can restore intestinal homeostasis for IBDs therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Junchao Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tongfei Shi
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fangman Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, 510006, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Xinjing Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Guangna Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dan Shao
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, 510006, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Wang Z, Iida N, Seishima J, Okafuji H, Yutani M, Fujinaga Y, Hashimoto Y, Tomita H, Mizukoshi E, Kaneko S. Patient-derived Enterococcus faecium with inflammatory genotypes promote colitis. J Gastroenterol 2022; 57:770-783. [PMID: 35882645 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-022-01905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysbiosis of gut microbiota promotes colitis in ulcerative colitis (UC). Enterococcus faecium is an important constituent of dysbiotic microbiota. However, the mechanisms underlying E. faecium-induced colitis remain unclear. METHODS Overall, 23 E. faecium strains isolated from human feces and 3 commercial strains were inoculated into Il10-/- mice. Mouse colons were histologically evaluated and analyzed using real-time PCR analysis of cytokines. Genes in 26 E. faecium strains were identified by whole-genome shotgun sequencing of genomic DNA. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from each strain was measured. An antioxidant, lipoic acid, was orally administered to the colitis mouse model. RESULTS Inoculation of E. faecium derived from patients with UC resulted in colitis in Il10-/- mice. The genotypes of 26 strains were characterized by identifying 1893 known genes; clustering all the strains based on the genotypes showed two major groups-inflammatory and probiotic clusters. Additionally, linear discriminant analysis clarified that lipoic acid metabolism was a significantly abundant pathway in the probiotic cluster compared to the inflammatory cluster. Further, the production of ROS was greater in inflammatory than in probiotic strains. Administration of lipoic acid in E. faecium-inoculated mice ameliorated colitis. CONCLUSIONS Enterococcus faecium strains in the inflammatory cluster promoted colitis with higher production of ROS than the strains in the probiotic cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Noriho Iida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Jun Seishima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Okafuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yutani
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicinal Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yukako Fujinaga
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicinal Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hashimoto
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Haruyoshi Tomita
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Eishiro Mizukoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
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9
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Laubitz D, Gurney MA, Midura-Kiela M, Clutter C, Besselsen DG, Chen H, Ghishan FK, Kiela PR. Decreased NHE3 expression in colon cancer is associated with DNA damage, increased inflammation and tumor growth. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14725. [PMID: 36042372 PMCID: PMC9427942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19091-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of intra- and extracellular pH in cancer contributes to extracellular matrix remodeling, favors cell migration, proliferation, and metastasis. Although the primary attention has been focused on the role of the ubiquitous Na+/H+ exchanger isoform NHE1, the role of NHE3, the predominant apical isoform in colonic surface epithelium in the pathogenesis of colon cancer has not been investigated. Here, we show that NHE3 mRNA expression is significantly reduced in colorectal cancer patients and that low NHE3 expression is associated with poorer survival. Deletion of NHE3 in ApcMin mice evaluated at 15 weeks of age (significant mortality was observed beyond this time) led to lower body weights, increased mucosal inflammation, increased colonic tumor numbers, evidence of enhanced DNA damage in tumor surface epithelium, and to significant alteration in the gut microbiota. In the absence of the inflammatory and microbial pressors, ca. 70% knockdown of NHE3 expression in SK-CO15 cells led to reduced intracellular pH, elevated apical pH, dramatic differences in their transcriptomic profile, increased susceptibility to DNA damage, increased proliferation, decreased apoptosis and reduced adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins. Our findings suggest that loss of NHE3 in the surface epithelium of colonic tumors has profound consequences for cancer progression and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Laubitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Michael A Gurney
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Monica Midura-Kiela
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Christy Clutter
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | | | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Fayez K Ghishan
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Pawel R Kiela
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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10
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review of Pre-Clinical Murine Models of Human Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169344. [PMID: 36012618 PMCID: PMC9409205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are both highly inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although the cause of IBD is still unclear, several experimental IBD murine models have enabled researchers to make great inroads into understanding human IBD pathology. Here, we discuss the current pre-clinical experimental murine models for human IBD, including the chemical-induced trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) model, oxazolone and dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) models, the gene-deficient I-kappa-B kinase gamma (Iκκ-γ) and interleukin(IL)-10 models, and the CD4+ T-cell transfer model. We offer a comprehensive review of how these models have been used to dissect the etiopathogenesis of disease, alongside their limitations. Furthermore, the way in which this knowledge has led to the translation of experimental findings into novel clinical therapeutics is also discussed.
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11
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Helicobacter bilis Contributes to the Occurrence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Inducing Host Immune Disorders. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1837850. [PMID: 35983246 PMCID: PMC9381287 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1837850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota coevolve with humans to achieve a symbiotic relationship, which ultimately leads to physiological homeostasis. A variety of diseases can occur once this balance is disrupted. Helicobacter bilis (H. bilis) is an opportunistic pathogen in humans, triggering multiple diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a chronic immunologically mediated inflammation of the human gastrointestinal tract, and its occurrence is closely related to the gut microbiota. Several studies have demonstrated that H. bilis colonization is associated with IBD, and its mechanism is related to host immunity. However, few studies have investigated these mechanisms of action. Therefore, this article is aimed at reviewing these studies and summarizing the mechanisms of H. bilis-induced IBD from two perspectives: adaptive immunity and innate immunity. Furthermore, this study provides a preliminary discussion on treating H. bilis-related IBD. In addition, we also demonstrated that H. bilis played an important role in promoting the carcinogenesis of IBD and discussed its mechanism.
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12
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Alginate Oligosaccharides Ameliorate DSS-Induced Colitis through Modulation of AMPK/NF-κB Pathway and Intestinal Microbiota. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142864. [PMID: 35889822 PMCID: PMC9321948 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are shown to have various biological activities of great value to medicine, food, and agriculture. However, little information is available about their beneficial effects and mechanisms on ulcerative colitis. In this study, AOS with a polymerization degree between 2 and 4 were found to possess anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. AOS could decrease the levels of nitric oxide (NO), IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα, and upregulate the levels of IL-10 in both RAW 264.7 and bone-marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) cells under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Additionally, oral AOS administration could significantly prevent bodyweight loss, colonic shortening, and rectal bleeding in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice. AOS pretreatment could also reduce disease activity index scores and histopathologic scores and downregulate proinflammatory cytokine levels. Importantly, AOS administration could reverse DSS-induced AMPK deactivation and NF-κB activation in colonic tissues, as evidenced by enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and p65 phosphorylation inhibition. AOS could also upregulate AMPK phosphorylation and inhibit NF-κB activation in vitro. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of gut microbiota indicated that supplemental doses of AOS could affect overall gut microbiota structure to a varying extent and specifically change the abundance of some bacteria. Medium-dose AOS could be superior to low- or high-dose AOS in maintaining remission in DSS-induced colitis mice. In conclusion, AOS can play a protective role in colitis through modulation of gut microbiota and the AMPK/NF-kB pathway.
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13
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Oral exposure to bisphenol A exacerbates allergic inflammation in a mouse model of food allergy. Toxicology 2022; 472:153188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Exploring the relationship between the gut microbiome and mental health outcomes in a posttraumatic stress disorder cohort relative to trauma-exposed controls. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 56:24-38. [PMID: 34923209 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) imposes a significant burden on patients and communities. Although the microbiome-gut-brain axis has been proposed as a mediator or moderator of PTSD risk and persistence of symptoms, clinical data directly delineating the gut microbiome's relationship to PTSD are sparse. This study investigated associations between the gut microbiome and mental health outcomes in participants with PTSD (n = 79) and trauma-exposed controls (TECs) (n = 58). Diagnoses of PTSD, major depressive disorder (MDD), and childhood trauma were made using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5), MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), respectively. Microbial communities from stool samples were profiled using 16S ribosomal RNA gene V4 amplicon sequencing and tested for associations with PTSD-related variables of interest. Random forest models identified a consortium of four genera, i.e., a combination of Mitsuokella, Odoribacter, Catenibacterium, and Olsenella, previously associated with periodontal disease, that could distinguish PTSD status with 66.4% accuracy. The relative abundance of this consortium was higher in the PTSD group and correlated positively with CAPS-5 and CTQ scores. MDD diagnosis was also associated with increased relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes phylum. Current use of psychotropics significantly impacted community composition and the relative abundances of several taxa. Early life trauma may prime the microbiome for changes in composition that facilitate a pro-inflammatory cascade and increase the risk of development of PTSD. Future studies should rigorously stratify participants into healthy controls, TECs, and PTSD (stratified by psychotropic drug use) to explore the role of the oral-gut-microbiome-brain axis in trauma-related disorders.
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15
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Friedrich V, Forné I, Matzek D, Ring D, Popper B, Jochum L, Spriewald S, Straub T, Imhof A, Krug A, Stecher B, Brocker T. Helicobacter hepaticus is required for immune targeting of bacterial heat shock protein 60 and fatal colitis in mice. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-20. [PMID: 33550886 PMCID: PMC7889221 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1882928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota and the immune system are in constant exchange shaping both host immunity and microbial communities. Here, improper immune regulation can cause inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis. Antibody therapies blocking signaling through the CD40-CD40L axis showed promising results as these molecules are deregulated in certain IBD patients. To better understand the mechanism, we used transgenic DC-LMP1/CD40 animals with a constitutive CD40-signal in CD11c+ cells, causing a lack of intestinal CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) and failure to induce regulatory T (iTreg) cells. These mice rapidly develop spontaneous fatal colitis, accompanied by dysbiosis and increased inflammatory IL-17+IFN-γ+ Th17/Th1 and IFN-γ + Th1 cells. In the present study, we analyzed the impact of the microbiota on disease development and detected elevated IgA- and IgG-levels in sera from DC-LMP1/CD40 animals. Their serum antibodies specifically bound intestinal bacteria, and by proteome analysis, we identified a 60 kDa chaperonin GroEL (Hsp60) from Helicobacter hepaticus (Hh) as the main specific antigen targeted in the absence of iTregs. When re-derived to a different Hh-free specific-pathogen-free (SPF) microbiota, mice showed few signs of disease, normal microbiota, and no fatality. Upon recolonization of mice with Hh, the disease developed rapidly. Thus, the present work identifies GroEL/Hsp60 as a major Hh-antigen and its role in disease onset, progression, and outcome in this colitis model. Our results highlight the importance of CD103+ DC- and iTreg-mediated immune tolerance to specific pathobionts to maintain healthy intestinal balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Friedrich
- Institute for Immunology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ignasi Forné
- Protein Analysis Unit, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dana Matzek
- Core Facility Animal Models, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Diana Ring
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bastian Popper
- Core Facility Animal Models, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lara Jochum
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Spriewald
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Straub
- Core Facility Bioinformatics, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Axel Imhof
- Protein Analysis Unit, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Krug
- Institute for Immunology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bärbel Stecher
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Brocker
- Institute for Immunology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany,CONTACT Thomas Brocker Institute for Immunology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich82152, Germany
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16
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Oroian BA, Ciobica A, Timofte D, Stefanescu C, Serban IL. New Metabolic, Digestive, and Oxidative Stress-Related Manifestations Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5599265. [PMID: 34966477 PMCID: PMC8712172 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5599265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) represents a pressing and generally invalidating syndrome that is triggered by a terrifying or stressful experience, relying on recurrently reliving the traumatic event feelings associated to it, which is subsequently linked to ongoing activations of stress-related neurobiological pathways and is often associated with neurodegeneration. In this paper, we examine what lies beneath this disorder, reviewing evidence that connects PTSD with a wide array of mechanisms and its intertwined pathways that can lead to the decompensation of different pathologies, such as cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal ailments, autoimmune disorders, and endocrine diseases. Also, the significance of the oxidative stress in this frame of reference is debated. Thus, knowing and identifying the main features of the distressing experience, the circumstances around it, as well as the neuropsychological and emotional characteristics of people prone to develop PTSD after going through disturbing incidents can offer an opportunity to anticipate the development of potential destructive consequences in several psychological dimensions: cognitive, affective, relational, behavioral, and somatic. We can also observe more closely the intricate connections of the disorder to other pathologies and their underlying mechanisms such as inflammation, oxidative stress, bacterial overgrowth syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, metabolic disorders, oxytocin, and cortisol in order to understand it better and to optimize the course of treatment and its management. The complex foundation PTSD possesses is supported by the existing clinical, preclinical, and experimental data encompassed in the current review. Different biological systems and processes such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, sympathetic nervous system, oxidative stress, inflammation, and microbiome suffer modifications and changes when it comes to PTSD; that is why targeted therapies exert tremendous alleviations of symptoms in patients diagnosed with this disorder. Therefore, this implies that PTSD is not restricted to the psychiatric domain and should be viewed as a systemic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, B dul Carol I No. 11 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniel Timofte
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristinel Stefanescu
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionela Lăcrămioara Serban
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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17
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Visekruna A, Luu M. The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Bile Acids in Intestinal and Liver Function, Inflammation, and Carcinogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:703218. [PMID: 34381785 PMCID: PMC8352571 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.703218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past decade, researchers have investigated the role of microbiota in health and disease. Recent findings support the hypothesis that commensal bacteria and in particular microbiota-derived metabolites have an impact on development of inflammation and carcinogenesis. Major classes of microbial-derived molecules such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and secondary bile acids (BAs) were shown to have immunomodulatory potential in various autoimmune, inflammatory as well as cancerous disease models and are dependent on diet-derived substrates. The versatile mechanisms underlying both beneficial and detrimental effects of bacterial metabolites comprise diverse regulatory pathways in lymphocytes and non-immune cells including changes in the signaling, metabolic and epigenetic status of these. Consequently, SCFAs as strong modulators of immunometabolism and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been investigated as therapeutic agents attenuating inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Moreover, BAs were shown to modulate the microbial composition, adaptive and innate immune response. In this review, we will discuss the recent findings in the field of microbiota-derived metabolites, especially with respect to the molecular and cellular mechanisms of SCFA and BA biology in the context of intestinal and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Visekruna
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maik Luu
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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18
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Negi S, Saini S, Tandel N, Sahu K, Mishra RP, Tyagi RK. Translating Treg Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Humanized Mice. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081847. [PMID: 34440615 PMCID: PMC8393385 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans, afflicted in genetically predisposed individuals due to dysregulated immune response directed against constituents of gut flora. The defective immune responses mounted against the regulatory mechanisms amplify and maintain the IBD-induced mucosal inflammation. Therefore, restoring the balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immunepathways in the gut may contribute to halting the IBD-associated tissue-damaging immune response. Phenotypic and functional characterization of various immune-suppressive T cells (regulatory T cells; Tregs) over the last decade has been used to optimize the procedures for in vitro expansion of these cells for developing therapeutic interventional strategies. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of action and functional importance of Tregs during the pathogenesis of IBD and modulating the disease induced inflammation as well as role of mouse models including humanized mice repopulated with the human immune system (HIS) to study the IBD. "Humanized" mouse models provide new tools to analyze human Treg ontogeny, immunobiology, and therapy and the role of Tregs in developing interventional strategies against IBD. Overall, humanized mouse models replicate the human conditions and prove a viable tool to study molecular functions of human Tregs to harness their therapeutic potential.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Colitis, Ulcerative/genetics
- Colitis, Ulcerative/immunology
- Colitis, Ulcerative/metabolism
- Colitis, Ulcerative/therapy
- Crohn Disease/genetics
- Crohn Disease/immunology
- Crohn Disease/metabolism
- Crohn Disease/therapy
- Disease Models, Animal
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Humans
- Mice, Transgenic
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/transplantation
- Transplantation, Heterologous
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Negi
- Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-Immunology Lab, Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India; (S.N.); (S.S.); (K.S.)
- BERPDC Department, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Sheetal Saini
- Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-Immunology Lab, Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India; (S.N.); (S.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Nikunj Tandel
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India;
| | - Kiran Sahu
- Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-Immunology Lab, Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India; (S.N.); (S.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Ravi P.N. Mishra
- BERPDC Department, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India
- Correspondence: (R.P.N.M.); or (R.K.T.)
| | - Rajeev K. Tyagi
- Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-Immunology Lab, Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India; (S.N.); (S.S.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.P.N.M.); or (R.K.T.)
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19
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Ochoa S, Collado L. Enterohepatic Helicobacter species - clinical importance, host range, and zoonotic potential. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:728-761. [PMID: 34153195 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1924117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The genus Helicobacter defined just over 30 years ago, is a highly diverse and fast-growing group of bacteria that are able to persistently colonize a wide range of animals. The members of this genus are subdivided into two groups with different ecological niches, associated pathologies, and phylogenetic relationships: the gastric Helicobacter (GH) and the enterohepatic Helicobacter (EHH) species. Although GH have been mostly studied, EHH species have become increasingly important as emerging human pathogens and potential zoonotic agents in the last years. This group of bacteria has been associated with the development of several diseases in humans from acute pathologies like gastroenteritis to chronic pathologies that include inflammatory bowel disease, and liver and gallbladder diseases. However, their reservoirs, as well as their routes of transmission, have not been well established yet. Therefore, this review summarizes the current knowledge of taxonomy, epidemiology, and clinical role of the EHH group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ochoa
- Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Collado
- Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
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20
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Xu Y, Xie L, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Tang J, He X, Zhou J, Peng W. Tremella fuciformis Polysaccharides Inhibited Colonic Inflammation in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Treated Mice via Foxp3+ T Cells, Gut Microbiota, and Bacterial Metabolites. Front Immunol 2021; 12:648162. [PMID: 33868283 PMCID: PMC8049506 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.648162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tremella fuciformis is an edible medicinal mushroom, and its polysaccharide components are found to confer various health benefits. This study identified the protective effects of polysaccharides of Tremella fuciformis (TPs) against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. High dose of TPs (HTPs) could prevent the colon from shortening, reduce activity of colonic myeloperoxidase and serum diamine oxidase (DAO), decrease the concentration of D-lactate, and alleviate the colonic tissue damage in colitic mice. HTPs treatment stimulated Foxp3+T cells, and promoted the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines whereas it reduced the production of pro-inflammatory and the portion of immunoglobulin A (IgA)-coated bacteria, which was related to modulation of immune responses. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that TPs could significantly increase gut community diversity, and restore the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Odoribacter, Helicobacter, Ruminococcaceae, and Marinifilaceae. According to metabolomic analysis, HTPs induced specific microbial metabolites akin to that in normal mice. Tyrosine biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism, and bile acid metabolism were influenced in the HTPs group compared with those in the DSS group. HTPs could alleviate DSS-induced colitis by immunoregulation and restored the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. The results indicated that HTPs have potential to be developed as a food supplement to ameliorate intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyin Xu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyuan Xie
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Tang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolan He
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihong Peng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
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21
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Krawiec P, Pawłowska-Kamieniak A, Pac-Kożuchowska E. Interleukin 10 and interleukin 10 receptor in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: from bench to bedside lesson. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2021; 18:13. [PMID: 33691712 PMCID: PMC7948370 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-021-00279-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background The differences between adults and children in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) phenotype, severity, complications, co-morbidities, and response to the therapy resulted in the extraction of paediatric IBD. It has been revealed that the substantial role in the development of IBD in children under 6 years of age plays a single genetic mutation (monogenic IBD). On the other hand, in older children and adolescents IBD is usually associated with number of interactions between susceptibility loci (polygenic IBD). Main body Until now there have been described about 60 monogenic defects which affect the variety of immune mechanisms in IBD pathogenesis including epithelial barrier, function of neutrophil granulocytes and phagocytes, T- and B-cell selection and activation, immune inhibitory mechanisms, or apoptosis. Il-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine which modulates innate and adaptive immunity affecting expression of pro-inflammatory molecules and function of the variety of immune cells. Patients with identified defects in Il-10 pathway manifest with life-threating colitis with perianal lesions which occurs within first months of life. Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is curative therapy in children with Il-10 signalling defects. Conclusion Clinical awareness of Il-10 signalling defects enables early recognition and prompt management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Krawiec
- Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Racławickie 1, 20-059, Lublin, Poland.
| | | | - Elżbieta Pac-Kożuchowska
- Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Racławickie 1, 20-059, Lublin, Poland
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22
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Derkacz A, Olczyk P, Olczyk K, Komosinska-Vassev K. The Role of Extracellular Matrix Components in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10051122. [PMID: 33800267 PMCID: PMC7962650 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10051122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) within the intestine tissues, which simultaneously involves an increased degradation of ECM components and excessive intestinal fibrosis, is a defining trait of the progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). The increased activity of proteases, especially matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), leads to excessive degradation of the extracellular matrix and the release of protein and glycoprotein fragments, previously joined with the extracellular matrix, into the circulation. MMPs participate in regulating the functions of the epithelial barrier, the immunological response, and the process of wound healing or intestinal fibrosis. At a later stage of fibrosis during IBD, excessive formation and deposition of the matrix is observed. To assess changes in the extracellular matrix, quantitative measurement of the concentration in the blood of markers dependent on the activity of proteases, involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix proteins as well as markers indicating the formation of a new ECM, has recently been proposed. This paper describes attempts to use the quantification of ECM components as markers to predict intestinal fibrosis and evaluate the healing process of the gut. The markers which reflect increased ECM degradation, together with the ones which show the process of creating a new matrix during IBD, allow the attainment of important information regarding the changes in the intestinal tissue, epithelial integrity and extracellular matrix remodeling. This paper contains evidence confirming that ECM remodeling is an integral part of directional cell signaling in the progression of IBD, and not only a basis for the ongoing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Derkacz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.D.); (K.O.)
| | - Paweł Olczyk
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Krystyna Olczyk
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.D.); (K.O.)
| | - Katarzyna Komosinska-Vassev
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.D.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32364-1150
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23
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Bédard A, Westerling-Bui T, Zuraw A. Proof of Concept for a Deep Learning Algorithm for Identification and Quantification of Key Microscopic Features in the Murine Model of DSS-Induced Colitis. Toxicol Pathol 2021; 49:897-904. [PMID: 33576323 DOI: 10.1177/0192623320987804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disease which leads to life-threatening complications and decreased quality of life. The dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model in mice is known for rapid screening of candidate compounds. Efficacy assessment in this model relies partly on microscopic semiquantitative scoring, which is time-consuming and subjective. We hypothesized that deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) could be used to identify acute inflammation in H&E-stained sections in a consistent and quantitative manner. Training sets were established using ×20 whole slide images of the entire colon. Supervised training of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was performed using a commercial AI platform to detect the entire colon tissue, the muscle and mucosa layers, and 2 categories within the mucosa (normal and acute inflammation E1). The training sets included slides of naive, vehicle-DSS and cyclosporine A-DSS mice. The trained CNN was able to segment, with a high level of concordance, the different tissue compartments in the 3 groups of mice. The segmented areas were used to determine the ratio of E1-affected mucosa to total mucosa. This proof-of-concept work shows promise to increase efficiency and decrease variability of microscopic scoring of DSS colitis when screening candidate compounds for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Bédard
- Pathology Department, 25913Charles River, Senneville, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Aleksandra Zuraw
- Pathology Department, 25913Charles River, Senneville, Quebec, Canada
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24
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Gut Microbiota-Host Interactions in Inborn Errors of Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031416. [PMID: 33572538 PMCID: PMC7866830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a group of disorders that are mostly caused by genetic mutations affecting immune host defense and immune regulation. Although IEI present with a wide spectrum of clinical features, in about one third of them various degrees of gastrointestinal (GI) involvement have been described and for some IEI the GI manifestations represent the main and peculiar clinical feature. The microbiome plays critical roles in the education and function of the host's innate and adaptive immune system, and imbalances in microbiota-immunity interactions can contribute to intestinal pathogenesis. Microbial dysbiosis combined to the impairment of immunosurveillance and immune dysfunction in IEI, may favor mucosal permeability and lead to inflammation. Here we review how immune homeostasis between commensals and the host is established in the gut, and how these mechanisms can be disrupted in the context of primary immunodeficiencies. Additionally, we highlight key aspects of the first studies on gut microbiome in patients affected by IEI and discuss how gut microbiome could be harnessed as a therapeutic approach in these diseases.
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25
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Tarris G, de Rougemont A, Charkaoui M, Michiels C, Martin L, Belliot G. Enteric Viruses and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Viruses 2021; 13:v13010104. [PMID: 33451106 PMCID: PMC7828589 DOI: 10.3390/v13010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a multifactorial disease in which dietary, genetic, immunological, and microbial factors are at play. The role of enteric viruses in IBD remains only partially explored. To date, epidemiological studies have not fully described the role of enteric viruses in inflammatory flare-ups, especially that of human noroviruses and rotaviruses, which are the main causative agents of viral gastroenteritis. Genome-wide association studies have demonstrated the association between IBD, polymorphisms of the FUT2 and FUT3 genes (which drive the synthesis of histo-blood group antigens), and ligands for norovirus and rotavirus in the intestine. The role of autophagy in defensin-deficient Paneth cells and the perturbations of cytokine secretion in T-helper 1 and T-helper 17 inflammatory pathways following enteric virus infections have been demonstrated as well. Enteric virus interactions with commensal bacteria could play a significant role in the modulation of enteric virus infections in IBD. Based on the currently incomplete knowledge of the complex phenomena underlying IBD pathogenesis, future studies using multi-sampling and data integration combined with new techniques such as human intestinal enteroids could help to decipher the role of enteric viruses in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Tarris
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Dijon, F 21000 Dijon, France; (G.T.); (L.M.)
- National Reference Centre for Gastroenteritis Viruses, Laboratory of Virology, University Hospital of Dijon, F 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Alexis de Rougemont
- National Reference Centre for Gastroenteritis Viruses, Laboratory of Virology, University Hospital of Dijon, F 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Maëva Charkaoui
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, University Hospital of Dijon, F 21000 Dijon, France; (M.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Christophe Michiels
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, University Hospital of Dijon, F 21000 Dijon, France; (M.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Laurent Martin
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Dijon, F 21000 Dijon, France; (G.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Gaël Belliot
- National Reference Centre for Gastroenteritis Viruses, Laboratory of Virology, University Hospital of Dijon, F 21000 Dijon, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-380-293-171; Fax: +33-380-293-280
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26
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Jamwal DR, Laubitz D, Harrison CA, da Paz VF, Cox CM, Wong R, Midura-Kiela M, Gurney MA, Besselsen DG, Setty P, Lybarger L, Bhattacharya D, Wilson JM, Ghishan FK, Kiela PR. Intestinal Epithelial Expression of MHCII Determines Severity of Chemical, T-Cell-Induced, and Infectious Colitis in Mice. Gastroenterology 2020; 159:1342-1356.e6. [PMID: 32589883 PMCID: PMC9190026 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) provide a barrier that separates the mucosal immune system from the luminal microbiota. IECs constitutively express low levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II proteins, which are upregulated upon exposure to interferon gamma. We investigated the effects of deleting MHCII proteins specifically in mice with infectious, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-, and T-cell-induced colitis. METHODS We disrupted the histocompatibility 2, class II antigen A, beta 1 gene (H2-Ab1) in IECs of C57BL/6 mice (I-AbΔIEC) or Rag1-/- mice (Rag1-/-I-AbΔIEC); we used I-AbWT mice as controls. Colitis was induced by administration of DSS, transfer of CD4+CD45RBhi T cells, or infection with Citrobacter rodentium. Colon tissues were collected and analyzed by histology, immunofluorescence, xMAP, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and organoids were generated. Microbiota (total and immunoglobulin [Ig]A-coated) in intestinal samples were analyzed by16S amplicon profiling. IgA+CD138+ plasma cells from Peyer's patches and lamina propria were analyzed by flow cytometry and IgA repertoire was determined by next-generation sequencing. RESULTS Mice with IEC-specific loss of MHCII (I-AbΔIEC mice) developed less severe DSS- or T-cell transfer-induced colitis than control mice. Intestinal tissues from I-AbΔIEC mice had a lower proportion of IgA-coated bacteria compared with control mice, and a reduced luminal concentration of secretory IgA (SIgA) following infection with C rodentium. There was no significant difference in the mucosal IgA repertoire of I-AbΔIEC vs control mice, but opsonization of cultured C rodentium by SIgA isolated from I-AbΔIEC mice was 50% lower than that of SIgA from mAbWT mice. Fifty percent of I-AbΔIEC mice died after infection with C rodentium, compared with none of the control mice. We observed a transient but significant expansion of the pathogen in the feces of I-AbΔIEC mice compared with I-AbWT mice. CONCLUSIONS In mice with DSS or T-cell-induced colitis, loss of MHCII from IECs reduces but does not eliminate mucosal inflammation. However, in mice with C rodentium-induced colitis, loss of MHCII reduces bacterial clearance by decreasing binding of IgA to commensal and pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa R. Jamwal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Daniel Laubitz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | | | - Christopher M. Cox
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Rachel Wong
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | | | | | - Prashanth Setty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Lonnie Lybarger
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Jean M. Wilson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Fayez K. Ghishan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Pawel R. Kiela
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona,Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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27
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Franklin CL, Ericsson AC. Complex Microbiota in Laboratory Rodents: Management Considerations. ILAR J 2020; 60:289-297. [PMID: 32706377 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our bodies and those of our animal research subjects are colonized by bacterial communities that occupy virtually every organ system, including many previously considered sterile. These bacteria reside as complex communities that are collectively referred to as microbiota. Prior to the turn of the century, characterization of these communities was limited by a reliance on culture of organisms on a battery of selective media. It was recognized that the vast majority of microbes, especially those occupying unique niches of the body such as the anaerobic environment of the intestinal tract, were uncultivatable. However, with the onset and advancement of next-generation sequencing technology, we are now capable of characterizing these complex communities without the need to cultivate, and this has resulted in an explosion of information and new challenges in interpreting data generated about, and in the context of, these complex communities. We have long known that these microbial communities often exist in an intricate balance that, if disrupted (ie, dysbiosis), can lead to disease or increased susceptibility to disease. Because of many functional redundancies, the makeup of these colonies can vary dramatically within healthy individuals [1]. However, there is growing evidence that subtle differences can alter the phenotype of various animal models, which may translate to the varying susceptibility to disease seen in the human population. In this manuscript, we discuss how to include complex microbiota as a consideration in experimental design and model reproducibility and how to exploit the extensive variation that exists in contemporary rodent research colonies. Our focus will be the intestinal or gut microbiota (GM), but it should be recognized that microbial communities exist in many other body compartments and these too likely influence health and disease [2, 3]. Much like host genetics, can we one day harness the vast genetic capacity of the microbes we live with in ways that will benefit human and animal health?
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig L Franklin
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Mutant Mouse Resource and Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,MU Metagenomics Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Aaron C Ericsson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Mutant Mouse Resource and Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,MU Metagenomics Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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28
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Xue AJ, Miao SJ, Sun H, Qiu XX, Wang SN, Wang L, Ye ZQ, Zheng CF, Huang ZH, Wang YH, Huang Y. Intestinal dysbiosis in pediatric Crohn's disease patients with IL10RA mutations. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:3098-3109. [PMID: 32587451 PMCID: PMC7304104 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i22.3098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have employed animal models to explore the association between microbiota and interleukin (IL) 10 signaling; however, limited information is available about the human microbiome.
AIM To characterize the microbiome in patients with IL10RA mutations and to explore the association between gut dysbiosis and disease severity.
METHODS Fecal samples were collected from patients who were diagnosed with loss-of-function mutations in the IL10RA gene between January 2017 and July 2018 at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University. Age-matched volunteer children were recruited as healthy controls. Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) were used as disease controls to standardize the antibiotic exposure. Microbial DNA was extracted from the fecal samples. All analyses were based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing data.
RESULTS Seventeen patients with IL10RA mutations (IL10RA group), 17 patients with pediatric CD, and 26 healthy children were included. Both patients with IL10RA mutations and those with CD exhibited a reduced diversity of gut microbiome with increased variability. The relative abundance of Firmicutes was substantially increased in the IL10RA group (P = 0.02). On further comparison of the relative abundance of taxa between patients with IL10RA mutations and healthy children, 13 taxa showed significant differences. The IL10RA-specific dysbiosis indices exhibited a significant positive correlation with weighted pediatric CD activity index and simple endoscopic score for CD.
CONCLUSION In patients with IL10RA mutations and early onset inflammatory bowel disease, gut dysbiosis shows a moderate association with disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Juan Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Shi-Jian Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Hua Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Zi-Qing Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Cui-Fang Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Zhi-Heng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Yu-Huan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
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29
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Mizoguchi E, Low D, Ezaki Y, Okada T. Recent updates on the basic mechanisms and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases in experimental animal models. Intest Res 2020; 18:151-167. [PMID: 32326669 PMCID: PMC7206339 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2019.09154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific pathogenesis underlining inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is very complicated, and it is further more difficult to clearly explain the pathophysiology of 2 major forms of IBD, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), and both disorders affect individuals throughout life. Despite every extensive effort, the interplay among genetic factors, immunological factors, environmental factors and intestinal microbes is still completely unrevealed. Animal models are indispensable to find out mechanistic details that will facilitate better preclinical setting to target specific components involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. Based on many recent reports, dysbiosis of the commensal microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, not only IBD but also colon cancer, obesity, psoriasis as well as allergic disorders, in both human and animal models. Advanced technologies including cell-specific and inducible knockout systems, which are recently employed to mouse IBD models, have further enhanced the ability of developing new therapeutic strategies for IBD. Furthermore, data from these mouse models highlight the critical involvement of dysregulated immune responses and impaired colonic epithelial defense system in the pathogenesis of IBD. In this review, we will explain from the history of animal models of IBD to the recent reports of the latest compounds, therapeutic strategies, and approaches tested on IBD animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Mizoguchi
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Daren Low
- Crohn's & Colitis Society of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yui Ezaki
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Okada
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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30
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Eor JY, Tan PL, Son YJ, Lee CS, Kim SH. Milk products fermented by
Lactobacillus
strains modulate the gut–bone axis in an ovariectomised murine model. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Young Eor
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources Korea University Seoul136‐713South Korea
| | - Pei Lei Tan
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea
| | - Yoon Ji Son
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources Korea University Seoul136‐713South Korea
| | - Chul Sang Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea
| | - Sae Hun Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources Korea University Seoul136‐713South Korea
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31
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Jamwal DR, Marati RV, Harrison CA, Midura-Kiela MT, Figliuolo Paz VR, Besselsen DG, Ghishan FK, Kiela PR. Total CD3 T Cells Are Necessary and Sufficient to Induce Colitis in Immunodeficient Mice With Dendritic Cell-Specific Deletion of TGFbR2: A Novel IBD Model to Study CD4 and CD8 T-Cell Interaction. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:229-241. [PMID: 31559420 PMCID: PMC7185689 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial disorder, with the innate and adaptive immune cells contributing to disease initiation and progression. However, the intricate cross-talk between immune cell lineages remains incompletely understood. The role of CD8+ T cells in IBD pathogenesis has been understudied, largely due to the lack of appropriate models. METHODS We previously reported spontaneous colitis in mice with impaired TGFβ signaling due to dendritic cell-specific knockout of TGFbR2 (TGFβR2ΔDC). Here, we demonstrate that crossing TGFβR2ΔDC mice with a Rag1-/- background eliminates all symptoms of colitis and that adoptive transfer of unfractionated CD3+ splenocytes is sufficient to induce progressive colitis in Rag1-/-TGFβR2ΔDC mice. RESULTS Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are required for the induction of colitis accompanied by activation of both T-cell lineages and DCs, increased expression of mucosal IFNγ, TNFα, IL6, IL1β, and IL12, and decreased frequencies of CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. Development of colitis required CD40L expression in CD4+ T cells, and the disease was partially ameliorated by IFNγ neutralization. CONCLUSIONS This novel model provides an important tool for studying IBD pathogenesis, in particular the complex interactions among innate and adaptive immune cells in a controlled fashion, and represents a valuable tool for preclinical evaluation of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raji V Marati
- Department of Pediatrics, Tucson, Arizona, USA,Present affiliation: Roche Tissue Diagnostics, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Christy A Harrison
- Department of Pediatrics, Tucson, Arizona, USA,Present affiliation: New York City Department of Health & Mental Hygiene, Long Island City, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Pawel R Kiela
- Department of Pediatrics, Tucson, Arizona, USA,Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA,Address correspondence to: Pawel R. Kiela, DVM, PhD, University of Arizona, Steele Children’s Research Center, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Rm. 6351, Tucson, AZ 85724 ()
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32
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Seishima J, Iida N, Kitamura K, Yutani M, Wang Z, Seki A, Yamashita T, Sakai Y, Honda M, Yamashita T, Kagaya T, Shirota Y, Fujinaga Y, Mizukoshi E, Kaneko S. Gut-derived Enterococcus faecium from ulcerative colitis patients promotes colitis in a genetically susceptible mouse host. Genome Biol 2019; 20:252. [PMID: 31767028 PMCID: PMC6876129 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent metagenomic analyses have revealed dysbiosis of the gut microbiota of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. However, the impacts of this dysbiosis are not fully understood, particularly at the strain level. Results We perform whole-genome shotgun sequencing of fecal DNA extracts from 13 healthy donors and 16 UC and 8 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. The microbiota of UC and CD patients is taxonomically and functionally divergent from that of healthy donors, with E. faecium being the most differentially abundant species between the two microbial communities. Transplantation of feces from UC or CD patients into Il10−/− mice promotes pathological inflammation and cytokine expression in the mouse colon, although distinct cytokine expression profiles are observed between UC and CD. Unlike isolates derived from healthy donors, E. faecium isolates from the feces of UC patients, along with E. faecium strain ATCC 19434, promotes colitis and colonic cytokine expression. Inflammatory E. faecium strains, including ATCC 19434 and a UC-derived strain, cluster separately from commercially available probiotic strains based on whole-genome shotgun sequencing analysis. The presence of E. faecium in fecal samples is associated with large disease extent and the need for multiple medications in UC patients. Conclusions E. faecium strains derived from UC patients display an inflammatory genotype that causes colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Seishima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Noriho Iida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kitamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yutani
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicinal Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Akihiro Seki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Masao Honda
- Department of Advanced Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takashi Kagaya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shirota
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yukako Fujinaga
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicinal Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Eishiro Mizukoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
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Godinho-Silva C, Domingues RG, Rendas M, Raposo B, Ribeiro H, da Silva JA, Vieira A, Costa RM, Barbosa-Morais NL, Carvalho T, Veiga-Fernandes H. Light-entrained and brain-tuned circadian circuits regulate ILC3s and gut homeostasis. Nature 2019; 574:254-258. [PMID: 31534216 PMCID: PMC6788927 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are major regulators of inflammation, infection, microbiota composition and metabolism1. ILC3s and neuronal cells have been shown to interact at discrete mucosal locations to steer mucosal defence2,3. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether neuroimmune circuits operate at an organismal level, integrating extrinsic environmental signals to orchestrate ILC3 responses. Here we show that light-entrained and brain-tuned circadian circuits regulate enteric ILC3s, intestinal homeostasis, gut defence and host lipid metabolism in mice. We found that enteric ILC3s display circadian expression of clock genes and ILC3-related transcription factors. ILC3-autonomous ablation of the circadian regulator Arntl led to disrupted gut ILC3 homeostasis, impaired epithelial reactivity, a deregulated microbiome, increased susceptibility to bowel infection and disrupted lipid metabolism. Loss of ILC3-intrinsic Arntl shaped the gut 'postcode receptors' of ILC3s. Strikingly, light-dark cycles, feeding rhythms and microbial cues differentially regulated ILC3 clocks, with light signals being the major entraining cues of ILC3s. Accordingly, surgically or genetically induced deregulation of brain rhythmicity led to disrupted circadian ILC3 oscillations, a deregulated microbiome and altered lipid metabolism. Our work reveals a circadian circuitry that translates environmental light cues into enteric ILC3s, shaping intestinal health, metabolism and organismal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita G Domingues
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Rendas
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Raposo
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hélder Ribeiro
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Alves da Silva
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
- Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Vieira
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui M Costa
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nuno L Barbosa-Morais
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tânia Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Revathi S, Hakkim FL, Ramesh Kumar N, Bakshi HA, Sangilimuthu AY, Tambuwala MM, Changez M, Nasef MM, Krishnan M, Kayalvizhi N. In Vivo Anti Cancer Potential of Pyrogallol in Murine Model of Colon Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:2645-2651. [PMID: 31554359 PMCID: PMC6976835 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.9.2645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colon cancer is aggressive and it causes 0.5 million deaths per year. Practicing natural medicines for cancer treatment is safer than conventional drugs. World health organization emphasizes on the importance of practicing natural medicines and developing natural product based drugs for cancer treatment. Recently we reported an anti colon cancer activity associated with pyrogallol isolated from medicinal plant Acacia nilotica in HT-29 cells in vitro. To extend our observation in this study we evaluated in vivo colon tumor remission property of acetone extract of A. nilotica (ACE) and pyrogallol. Materials and Methods: In vivo toxicity of ACE and pyrogallol was assessed and In vivo tumor remission activity of ACE and pyrogallol was determined in murine model. Results: Mice were tolerated different doses of ACE and pyrogallol. Tumor size was considerably reduced in pyrogallol treated mice similar to doxorubicin. Tumor bearing mice treated with ACE and pyrogallol showed mild decline in body weight. Conclusion: Pyrogallol was found to be an effective anti colon cancer agent with less toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemaisamy Revathi
- Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India. ,
| | - Faruck Lukmanul Hakkim
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences, , Dhofar University, Salalah, Oman
- Research Center, Dhofar University, Salalah, Oman
| | - Neelamegam Ramesh Kumar
- Insect Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hamid A Bakshi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saad Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saad Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Changez
- Chemistry Division, Department of Basic Sciences, College of Applied and Health Sciences, Sharqiyah University, Ibra, Oman
| | - Mohamed M Nasef
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Muthukalingan Krishnan
- Insect Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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35
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The microbiome and immunodeficiencies: Lessons from rare diseases. J Autoimmun 2019; 98:132-148. [PMID: 30704941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are inherited disorders of the immune system, associated with a considerable increase in susceptibility to infections. PIDs can also predispose to malignancy, inflammation and autoimmunity. There is increasing awareness that some aspects of the immune dysregulation in PIDs may be linked to intestinal microbiota. Indeed, the gut microbiota and its metabolites have been shown to influence immune functions and immune homeostasis both locally and systemically. Recent studies have indicated that genetic defects causing PIDs lead to perturbations in the conventional mechanisms underlying homeostasis in the gut, resulting in poor immune surveillance at the intestinal barrier, which associates with altered intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation. Consistently, a substantial proportion of PID patients presents with clinically challenging IBD-like pathology. Here, we describe the current body of literature reporting on dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in different PIDs and how this can be either the result or cause of immune dysregulation. Further, we report how infections in PIDs enhance pathobionts colonization and speculate how, in turn, pathobionts may be responsible for increased disease susceptibility and secondary infections in these patients. The potential relationship between the microbial composition in the intestine and other sites, such as the oral cavity and skin, is also highlighted. Finally, we provide evidence, in preclinical models of PIDs, for the efficacy of microbiota manipulation to ameliorate disease complications, and suggest that the potential use of dietary intervention to correct dysbiotic flora in PID patients may hold promise.
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IL-10 gene-modified dendritic cells-induced type 1 T regulatory cells inhibit graft-versus-host disease while preserving graft-versus-leukemia effect. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 507:122-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nakahama T, Kato Y, Kim JI, Vongpipatana T, Suzuki Y, Walkley CR, Kawahara Y. ADAR1-mediated RNA editing is required for thymic self-tolerance and inhibition of autoimmunity. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201846303. [PMID: 30361393 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201846303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells play a crucial role in the adaptive immune system, and their maturation process is tightly regulated. Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) is the enzyme responsible for adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in dsRNAs, and loss of ADAR1 activates the innate immune sensing response via melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), which interprets unedited dsRNA as non-self. Although ADAR1 is highly expressed in the thymus, its role in the adaptive immune system, especially in T cells, remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that T cell-specific deletion of Adar1 in mice causes abnormal thymic T cell maturation including impaired negative selection and autoimmunity such as spontaneous colitis. This is caused by excessive expression of interferon-stimulated genes, which reduces T cell receptor (TCR) signal transduction, due to a failure of RNA editing in ADAR1-deficient thymocytes. Intriguingly, concurrent deletion of MDA5 restores thymocyte maturation and prevents colitis. These findings suggest that prevention of MDA5 sensing of endogenous dsRNA by ADAR1-mediated RNA editing is required for preventing both innate immune responses and T cell-mediated autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Nakahama
- Department of RNA Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Kato
- Department of RNA Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jung In Kim
- Department of RNA Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tuangtong Vongpipatana
- Department of RNA Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Laboratory of Systems Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Carl R Walkley
- St Vincent's Institute and Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia
| | - Yukio Kawahara
- Department of RNA Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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38
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Kang Y, Yang G, Zhang S, Ross CF, Zhu MJ. Goji Berry Modulates Gut Microbiota and Alleviates Colitis in IL-10-Deficient Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800535. [PMID: 30243032 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This study examines the beneficial effects of Goji berry against spontaneous colitis and its prebiotic role in IL-10-deficient mice. METHODS IL-10-deficient mice are assigned to a standard rodent diet (control) or a control diet supplemented with Goji (1% of dry feed weight) for 10 weeks, at which point colonic tissues and fecal contents are collected. RESULTS Goji supplementation decreases colonic pathobiological scores and mRNA expression of Il17a and Tgfb1, while it enhances Muc1 expression and fecal IgA content. Illumina MiSeq sequencing reveals that Goji supplementation increases Actinobacteria phylum, resulting in a bloom of Bifidobacteria in gut microbiota. Additionally, dietary Goji promotes butyrate-producing bacteria including Lachnospiraceae-Ruminococcaceae family and Roseburia spp. under Clostridium cluster XIVa. Furthermore, butyrate-producers Clostridium leptum and its dominant constituent Fecalibacterium prazusnitzii are markedly increased in the Goji group. Moreover, the gene-encoding butyryl-coenzyme A CoA transferase, a key enzyme responsible for butyrate synthesis in butyrate-producing bacteria, is increased sixfold in the fecal samples of Goji group associated with increased fecal butyrate content. CONCLUSION Data collectively show that dietary Goji results in the blooming of Bifidobacteria and butyrate-producing bacteria. These bacteria may cross-feed each other, conferring preventative effects against colitis in IL-10-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Kang
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Guan Yang
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Shuming Zhang
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Carolyn F Ross
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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Casey KM, Johnson AL, Hunrath MN, Fraser JK, McCowan NC, Wasson K, Doty RA, Griffey SM, Imai DM. Proliferative Typhlocolitis With Multinucleated Giant Cells: A Nonspecific Enteropathy in Immunodeficient Sentinel Mice. Vet Pathol 2018; 56:157-168. [PMID: 30222063 DOI: 10.1177/0300985818798106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Beginning in 2015, athymic nude sentinel mice from conventional, medium-, and high-security facilities presented to the Comparative Pathology Laboratory (CPL) with weight loss, diarrhea, and/or rectal prolapse. Regardless of whether clinical signs were present or absent, the gross observation of ceco-colonic thickening corresponded histologically to pleocellular typhlocolitis with mucosal hyperplasia and lamina proprial multinucleated cells. A subset of affected sentinels exhibited granulomatous serositis and hepatosplenic necrosis with multinucleated cells. Initial suspicion of mouse hepatitis virus infection was excluded by polymerase chain reaction, electron microscopy, and serology. Multinucleated giant cells were confirmed as macrophages by positive immunoreactivity to Mac-3 and Iba-1 and negative immunoreactivity to pancytokeratin. From conventional and medium-security facilities, Helicobacter species were identified in 40 of 143 (27.9%) mice, with H. hepaticus accounting for 72.5% of identified Helicobacter species. Other agents included opportunistic bacterial infection (41/145, 28.3%), murine norovirus (16/106, 15.1%), and pinworms (2/146, 1.4%). From high-security facilities, only Enterobacter cloacae was identified (2/13, 15.4%), and no evidence of Helicobacter sp., murine norovirus, or pinworms was present. No potentially infectious disease agent(s) was identified in 71 of 146 (48.6%) affected nude sentinels from conventional and medium-security facilities and 11 of 13 (84.6%) affected nude sentinels from high-security facilities. No statistically significant differences in histologic lesion scores were identified between Helicobacter-positive and Helicobacter-negative mice. Thus, proliferative typhlocolitis with multinucleated giant cells was considered a nonspecific histologic pattern associated with a variety of primary and opportunistic pathogens in athymic nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerriann M Casey
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.,2 Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amanda L Johnson
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Melea N Hunrath
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jenelle K Fraser
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nicole C McCowan
- 3 Campus Veterinary Services, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Wasson
- 4 Office of Research and Economic Development, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | | | - Stephen M Griffey
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Denise M Imai
- 1 Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Liang J, Huang HI, Benzatti FP, Karlsson AB, Zhang JJ, Youssef N, Ma A, Hale LP, Hammer GE. Inflammatory Th1 and Th17 in the Intestine Are Each Driven by Functionally Specialized Dendritic Cells with Distinct Requirements for MyD88. Cell Rep 2017; 17:1330-1343. [PMID: 27783947 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal dynamics between microbiota and dendritic cells (DCs) support modest numbers of T cells, yet these do not cause inflammation. The DCs that induce inflammatory T cells and the signals that drive this process remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that small intestine DCs lacking the signaling attenuator A20 induce inflammatory T cells and that the signals perceived and antigen-presenting cell (APC) functions are unique for different DC subsets. Thus, although CD103+CD11b- DCs exclusively instruct IFNγ+ T cells, CD103+CD11b+ DCs exclusively instruct IL-17+ T cells. Surprisingly, APC functions of both DC subsets are upregulated in a MyD88-independent fashion. In contrast, CD103-CD11b+ DCs instruct both IFNγ+ and IL-17+ T cells, and only the IL-17-inducing APC functions require MyD88. In disease pathogenesis, both CD103-CD11b+ and CD103+CD11b+ DCs expand pathologic Th17 cells. Thus, in disease pathogenesis, specific DCs instruct specific inflammatory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hsin-I Huang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Fernanda P Benzatti
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Amelia B Karlsson
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Junyi J Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nourhan Youssef
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Biology, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Averil Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Laura P Hale
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Gianna E Hammer
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inadequate immunoregulation and elevated inflammation may be risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and microbial inputs are important determinants of immunoregulation; however, the association between the gut microbiota and PTSD is unknown. This study investigated the gut microbiome in a South African sample of PTSD-affected individuals and trauma-exposed (TE) controls to identify potential differences in microbial diversity or microbial community structure. METHODS The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 was used to diagnose PTSD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria. Microbial DNA was extracted from stool samples obtained from 18 individuals with PTSD and 12 TE control participants. Bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene V3/V4 amplicons were generated and sequenced. Microbial community structure, α-diversity, and β-diversity were analyzed; random forest analysis was used to identify associations between bacterial taxa and PTSD. RESULTS There were no differences between PTSD and TE control groups in α- or β-diversity measures (e.g., α-diversity: Shannon index, t = 0.386, p = .70; β-diversity, on the basis of analysis of similarities: Bray-Curtis test statistic = -0.033, p = .70); however, random forest analysis highlighted three phyla as important to distinguish PTSD status: Actinobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Verrucomicrobia. Decreased total abundance of these taxa was associated with higher Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale scores (r = -0.387, p = .035). CONCLUSIONS In this exploratory study, measures of overall microbial diversity were similar among individuals with PTSD and TE controls; however, decreased total abundance of Actinobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Verrucomicrobia was associated with PTSD status.
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Kang M, Martin A. Microbiome and colorectal cancer: Unraveling host-microbiota interactions in colitis-associated colorectal cancer development. Semin Immunol 2017; 32:3-13. [PMID: 28465070 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota occurs in many human chronic immune-mediated diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Reciprocally, uncontrolled immune responses, that may or may not be induced by dysbiosis, are central to the development of IBD and CAC. There has been a surge of interest in investigating the relationship between microbiota, inflammation and CAC. In this review, we discuss recent findings related to gut microbiota and chronic immune-mediated diseases, such as IBD and CAC. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of chronic inflammation in CAC are examined. Finally, we discuss the development of novel microbiota-based therapeutics for IBD and colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsong Kang
- University of Toronto, Department of Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alberto Martin
- University of Toronto, Department of Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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43
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Modulation of host defence against bacterial and viral infections by omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Infect 2016; 73:523-535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Reber SO, Langgartner D, Foertsch S, Postolache TT, Brenner LA, Guendel H, Lowry CA. Chronic subordinate colony housing paradigm: A mouse model for mechanisms of PTSD vulnerability, targeted prevention, and treatment-2016 Curt Richter Award Paper. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016; 74:221-230. [PMID: 27676359 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable individual variability in vulnerability for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); evidence suggests that this variability is related in part to genetic and environmental factors, including adverse early life experience. Interestingly, recent studies indicate that induction of chronic low-grade inflammation may be a common mechanism underlying gene and environment interactions that increase the risk for development of PTSD symptoms, and, therefore, may be a target for novel interventions for prevention or treatment of PTSD. Development of murine models with face, construct, and predictive validity would provide opportunities to investigate in detail complex genetic, environmental, endocrine, and immunologic factors that determine vulnerability to PTSD-like syndromes, and furthermore may provide mechanistic insight leading to development of novel interventions for both prevention and treatment of PTSD symptoms. Here we describe the potential use of the chronic subordinate colony housing (CSC) paradigm in mice as an adequate animal model for development of a PTSD-like syndrome and describe recent studies that suggest novel interventions for the prevention and treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan O Reber
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Dominik Langgartner
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Sandra Foertsch
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Teodor T Postolache
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore MD, MD 21201, USA; Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO 80220, USA; Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Denver, CO 80220, USA.
| | - Lisa A Brenner
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO 80220, USA; Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Denver, CO 80220, USA.
| | - Harald Guendel
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO 80220, USA; Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Denver, CO 80220, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Lai KP, Chung YT, Li R, Wan HT, Wong CKC. Bisphenol A alters gut microbiome: Comparative metagenomics analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:923-930. [PMID: 27554980 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence has shown that an alteration of the gut microbiota is associated with diet, and plays an important role in animal health and metabolic diseases. However, little is known about the influence of environmental contaminants on the gut microbial community. Bisphenol A (BPA), which is widely used for manufacturing plastic products, has recently been classified as an environmental obesogen. Although many studies have demonstrated the metabolic-disrupting effects of BPA on liver and pancreatic functions, the possible effects of this synthetic compound on the metabolic diversity of the intestinal microbiota is unknown. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis on caecum samples of CD-1 mice, the present study aimed to test the hypothesis that dietary BPA intake may influence the gut microbiota composition and functions, an important attributing factor to development of the metabolic syndrome. A high-fat diet (HFD) and high-sucrose diet (HSD) were included as the positive controls for comparing the changes in the intestinal microbial profiles. Our results demonstrated a significant reduction of species diversity in the gut microbiota of BPA-fed mice. Alpha and beta diversity analyses showed that dietary BPA intake led to a similar gut microbial community structure as that induced by HFD and HSD in mice. In addition, comparative analysis of the microbial communities revealed that both BPA and a HFD favored the growth of Proteobacteria, a microbial marker of dysbiosis. Consistently, growth induction of the family Helicobacteraceae and reduction of the Firmicutes and Clostridia populations were observed in the mice fed BPA or a HFD. Collectively, our study highlighted that the effects of dietary BPA intake on the shift of microbial community structure were similar to those of a HFD and HSD, and revealed microbial markers for the development of diseases associated with an unstable microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Po Lai
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yan-Tung Chung
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rong Li
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hin-Ting Wan
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chris Kong-Chu Wong
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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Helicobacter bilis Infection Alters Mucosal Bacteria and Modulates Colitis Development in Defined Microbiota Mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22:2571-2581. [PMID: 27755267 PMCID: PMC5123692 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter bilis infection of C3H/HeN mice harboring the altered Schaedler flora (ASF) triggers progressive immune responsiveness and the development of colitis. We sought to investigate temporal alterations in community structure of a defined (ASF-colonized) microbiota in normal and inflamed murine intestines and to correlate microbiota changes to histopathologic lesions. METHODS The colonic mucosal microbiota of healthy mice and ASF mice colonized with H. bilis for 3, 6, or 12 weeks were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA genes of total bacteria, group-specific organisms, and individual ASF bacterial species. Microbial profiling of ASF and H. bilis abundance was performed on cecal contents. RESULTS Helicobacter bilis-colonized mice developed colitis associated with temporal changes in composition and spatial distribution of the mucosal microbiota. The number of total bacteria, ASF519, and helicobacter-positive bacteria were increased (P < 0.05), whereas ASF360/361-positive bacteria were decreased (P < 0.05) versus controls. Adherent biofilms in colitic mice were most often (P < 0.05) composed of total bacteria, ASF457, and H. bilis. Total numbers of ASF519 and H. bilis bacteria were positively correlated (P = 0.03, r = 0.39 and P < 0.0001, r = 0.73), and total numbers of ASF360/361 bacteria were negatively correlated (P = 0.003, r = -0.53) to histopathologic score. Differences in cecal abundance of ASF members were not observed. CONCLUSIONS Altered community structure with murine colitis is characterized by distinct ASF bacteria that interact with the colonic mucosa, by formation of an isolating interlaced layer, by attachment, or by invasion, and this interaction is differentially expressed over time.
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Lowry CA, Smith DG, Siebler PH, Schmidt D, Stamper CE, Hassell JE, Yamashita PS, Fox JH, Reber SO, Brenner LA, Hoisington AJ, Postolache TT, Kinney KA, Marciani D, Hernandez M, Hemmings SMJ, Malan-Muller S, Wright KP, Knight R, Raison CL, Rook GAW. The Microbiota, Immunoregulation, and Mental Health: Implications for Public Health. Curr Environ Health Rep 2016; 3:270-86. [PMID: 27436048 PMCID: PMC5763918 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-016-0100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The hygiene or "Old Friends" hypothesis proposes that the epidemic of inflammatory disease in modern urban societies stems at least in part from reduced exposure to microbes that normally prime mammalian immunoregulatory circuits and suppress inappropriate inflammation. Such diseases include but are not limited to allergies and asthma; we and others have proposed that the markedly reduced exposure to these Old Friends in modern urban societies may also increase vulnerability to neurodevelopmental disorders and stress-related psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and affective disorders, where data are emerging in support of inflammation as a risk factor. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the potential for Old Friends, including environmental microbial inputs, to modify risk for inflammatory disease, with a focus on neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions. We highlight potential mechanisms, involving bacterially derived metabolites, bacterial antigens, and helminthic antigens, through which these inputs promote immunoregulation. Though findings are encouraging, significant human subjects' research is required to evaluate the potential impact of Old Friends, including environmental microbial inputs, on biological signatures and clinically meaningful mental health prevention and intervention outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA.
| | - David G Smith
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA
| | - Philip H Siebler
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA
| | - Dominic Schmidt
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA
| | - Christopher E Stamper
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA
| | - James E Hassell
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA
| | - Paula S Yamashita
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA
| | - James H Fox
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA
| | - Stefan O Reber
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lisa A Brenner
- Departments of Psychiatry, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Denver, CO, 80220, USA
| | - Andrew J Hoisington
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO, 80840, USA
| | - Teodor T Postolache
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Rocky Mountain MIRECC, Denver, CO, 80220, USA
- VISN 5 MIRECC, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Kerry A Kinney
- Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | | | - Mark Hernandez
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Sian M J Hemmings
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | - Stefanie Malan-Muller
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | - Kenneth P Wright
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Departments of Pediatrics and Computer Science and Engineering, and Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Charles L Raison
- School of Human Ecology and School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Graham A W Rook
- Center for Clinical Microbiology, UCL (University College London), WC1E 6BT, London, UK
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48
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Ibiza S, García-Cassani B, Ribeiro H, Carvalho T, Almeida L, Marques R, Misic AM, Bartow-McKenney C, Larson DM, Pavan WJ, Eberl G, Grice EA, Veiga-Fernandes H. Glial-cell-derived neuroregulators control type 3 innate lymphoid cells and gut defence. Nature 2016; 535:440-443. [PMID: 27409807 PMCID: PMC4962913 DOI: 10.1038/nature18644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) are major regulators of inflammation and infection at mucosal barriers. ILC3 development is thought to be programmed, but how ILC3 perceive, integrate and respond to local environmental signals remains unclear. Here we show that ILC3 in mice sense their environment and control gut defence as part of a glial–ILC3–epithelial cell unit orchestrated by neurotrophic factors. We found that enteric ILC3 express the neuroregulatory receptor RET. ILC3-autonomous Ret ablation led to decreased innate interleukin-22 (IL-22), impaired epithelial reactivity, dysbiosis and increased susceptibility to bowel inflammation and infection. Neurotrophic factors directly controlled innate Il22 downstream of the p38 MAPK/ERK-AKT cascade and STAT3 activation. Notably, ILC3 were adjacent to neurotrophic-factor-expressing glial cells that exhibited stellate-shaped projections into ILC3 aggregates. Glial cells sensed microenvironmental cues in a MYD88-dependent manner to control neurotrophic factors and innate IL-22. Accordingly, glial-intrinsic Myd88 deletion led to impaired production of ILC3-derived IL-22 and a pronounced propensity towards gut inflammation and infection. Our work sheds light on a novel multi-tissue defence unit, revealing that glial cells are central hubs of neuron and innate immune regulation by neurotrophic factor signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sales Ibiza
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Edifício Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bethania García-Cassani
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Edifício Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hélder Ribeiro
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Edifício Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tânia Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Edifício Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Almeida
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Edifício Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rute Marques
- Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Ana M Misic
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, 1007 Biomedical Research Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, US
| | - Casey Bartow-McKenney
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, 1007 Biomedical Research Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, US
| | - Denise M Larson
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, US
| | - William J Pavan
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, US
| | - Gérard Eberl
- Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth A Grice
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, 1007 Biomedical Research Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, US
| | - Henrique Veiga-Fernandes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Edifício Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research. Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown. 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
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Immunization with a heat-killed preparation of the environmental bacterium Mycobacterium vaccae promotes stress resilience in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E3130-9. [PMID: 27185913 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1600324113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of inflammatory diseases is increasing in modern urban societies. Inflammation increases risk of stress-related pathology; consequently, immunoregulatory or antiinflammatory approaches may protect against negative stress-related outcomes. We show that stress disrupts the homeostatic relationship between the microbiota and the host, resulting in exaggerated inflammation. Repeated immunization with a heat-killed preparation of Mycobacterium vaccae, an immunoregulatory environmental microorganism, reduced subordinate, flight, and avoiding behavioral responses to a dominant aggressor in a murine model of chronic psychosocial stress when tested 1-2 wk following the final immunization. Furthermore, immunization with M. vaccae prevented stress-induced spontaneous colitis and, in stressed mice, induced anxiolytic or fear-reducing effects as measured on the elevated plus-maze, despite stress-induced gut microbiota changes characteristic of gut infection and colitis. Immunization with M. vaccae also prevented stress-induced aggravation of colitis in a model of inflammatory bowel disease. Depletion of regulatory T cells negated protective effects of immunization with M. vaccae on stress-induced colitis and anxiety-like or fear behaviors. These data provide a framework for developing microbiome- and immunoregulation-based strategies for prevention of stress-related pathologies.
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50
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Nagy E, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, MacIver NJ, Hale LP. Reproduction and Growth in a Murine Model of Early Life-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152764. [PMID: 27045690 PMCID: PMC4821577 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in transgenic murine models have provided insight into the complexity underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a disease hypothesized to result from an injurious immune response against intestinal microbiota. We recently developed a mouse model of IBD that phenotypically and histologically resembles human childhood-onset ulcerative colitis (UC), using mice that are genetically modified to be deficient in the cytokines TNF and IL-10 (“T/I” mice). Here we report the effects of early life onset of colon inflammation on growth and reproductive performance of T/I mice. T/I dams with colitis often failed to get pregnant or had small litters with pups that failed to thrive. Production was optimized by breeding double homozygous mutant T/I males to females homozygous mutant for TNF deficiency and heterozygous for deficiency of IL-10 (“T/I-het” dams) that were not susceptible to spontaneous colon inflammation. When born to healthy (T/I-het) dams, T/I pups initially gained weight similarly to wild type (WT) pups and to their non-colitis-susceptible T/I-het littermates. However, their growth curves diverged between 8 and 13 weeks, when most T/I mice had developed moderate to severe colitis. The observed growth failure in T/I mice occurred despite a significant increase in their food consumption and in the absence of protein loss in the stool. This was not due to TNF-induced anorexia or altered food consumption due to elevated leptin levels. Metabolic studies demonstrated increased consumption of oxygen and water and increased production of heat and CO2 in T/I mice compared to their T/I-het littermates, without differences in motor activity. Based on the clinical similarities of this early life onset model of IBD in T/I mice to human IBD, these results suggest that mechanisms previously hypothesized to explain growth failure in children with IBD require re-evaluation. The T/I mouse model may be useful for further investigation of such mechanisms and for development of therapies to prevent reproductive complications and/or growth failure in humans with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eniko Nagy
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ramona M. Rodriguiz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - William C. Wetsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Nancie J. MacIver
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Laura P. Hale
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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