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Onodera Y, Mitani S, Hosoda C, Takabayashi Y, Sakata A, Kawasaki R, Mori R, Ohshima C, Nishio K, Sugimoto M, Soejima K, Mackman N, Shima M, Tatsumi K. Regulation of von Willebrand factor by ADAMTS13 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in mice. Int J Hematol 2023; 118:699-710. [PMID: 37759076 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between von Willebrand factor (VWF) and inflammation has attracted considerable attention in recent years. VWF, which is stored in the Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) of endothelial cells (ECs), is released from WPBs in response to inflammatory stimuli and is thought to contribute to inflammation by promoting leukocyte extravasation. In this study, lung injury model mice were produced by intratracheal injection with lipopolysaccharides. The severity of lung inflammation was evaluated in mice with different genotypes (wild-type, Vwf-/-, Adamts13-/-) and mice treated with drugs that inhibit VWF function. Lung inflammation was significantly ameliorated in Vwf-/- mice compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, inflammation was significantly suppressed in wild-type mice treated with anti-VWF A1 antibody or recombinant human ADAMTS13 compared with the untreated control group. The underlying mechanism appears to be an increased VWF/ADAMTS13 ratio at the site of inflammation and the interaction between blood cell components, such as leukocytes and platelets, and the VWF A1 domain, which promotes leukocyte infiltration into the lung. This study suggested that ADAMTS13 protein and other VWF-targeting agents may be a novel therapeutic option for treatment of pulmonary inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Onodera
- Advanced Medical Science of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Seiji Mitani
- Advanced Medical Science of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Chihiro Hosoda
- Advanced Medical Science of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yoko Takabayashi
- Advanced Medical Science of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Asuka Sakata
- Medicinal Biology of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kawasaki
- Advanced Medical Science of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
- Medicinal Biology of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- Product Research Department, Medical Affairs Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kamakura, Japan
| | - Ryota Mori
- Advanced Medical Science of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ohshima
- Advanced Medical Science of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kenji Nishio
- Department of General Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Sugimoto
- Department of General Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, UNC Blood Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Midori Shima
- Medicinal Biology of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kohei Tatsumi
- Advanced Medical Science of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan.
- Medicinal Biology of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
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2
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Sachetto ATA, Mackman N. Monocyte Tissue Factor Expression: Lipopolysaccharide Induction and Roles in Pathological Activation of Coagulation. Thromb Haemost 2023; 123:1017-1033. [PMID: 37168007 PMCID: PMC10615589 DOI: 10.1055/a-2091-7006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The coagulation system is a part of the mammalian host defense system. Pathogens and pathogen components, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), induce tissue factor (TF) expression in circulating monocytes that then activates the coagulation protease cascade. Formation of a clot limits dissemination of pathogens, enhances the recruitment of immune cells, and facilitates killing of pathogens. However, excessive activation of coagulation can lead to thrombosis. Here, we review studies on the mechanism of LPS induction of TF expression in monocytes and its contribution to thrombosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Binding of LPS to Toll-like receptor 4 on monocytes induces a transient expression of TF that involves activation of intracellular signaling pathways and binding of various transcription factors, such as c-rel/p65 and c-Fos/c-Jun, to the TF promoter. Inhibition of TF in endotoxemia and sepsis models reduces activation of coagulation and improves survival. Studies with endotoxemic mice showed that hematopoietic cells and myeloid cells play major roles in the activation of coagulation. Monocyte TF expression is also increased after surgery. Activated monocytes release TF-positive extracellular vesicles (EVs) and levels of circulating TF-positive EVs are increased in endotoxemic mice and in patients with sepsis. More recently, it was shown that inflammasomes contribute to the induction of TF expression and activation of coagulation in endotoxemic mice. Taken together, these studies indicate that monocyte TF plays a major role in activation of coagulation. Selective inhibition of monocyte TF expression may reduce pathologic activation of coagulation in sepsis and other diseases without affecting hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T. A. Sachetto
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
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3
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Ballard-Kordeliski A, Lee RH, O'Shaughnessy EC, Kim PY, Jones S, Mackman N, Flick MJ, Paul DS, Adalsteinsson D, Bergmeier W. 4D intravital imaging studies identify platelets as the predominant cellular procoagulant surface in a mouse model of hemostasis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.25.554449. [PMID: 37662350 PMCID: PMC10473702 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.25.554449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Interplay between platelets, coagulation/fibrinolytic factors, and endothelial cells (ECs) is necessary for effective hemostatic plug formation. This study describes a novel four-dimensional (4D) imaging platform to visualize and quantify hemostatic plug components with high spatiotemporal resolution. Fibrin accumulation following laser-induced endothelial ablation was observed at the EC-platelet plug interface, controlled by the antagonistic balance between fibrin generation and breakdown. Phosphatidylserine (PS) was first detected in close physical proximity to the fibrin ring, followed by exposure across the endothelium. Impaired PS exposure in cyclophilinD -/- mice resulted in a significant reduction in fibrin accumulation. Adoptive transfer and inhibitor studies demonstrated a key role for platelets, but not ECs, in fibrin generation during hemostatic plug formation. Inhibition of fibrinolysis with tranexamic acid (TXA) led to increased fibrin accumulation in WT mice, but not in cyclophilinD -/- mice or WT mice treated with antiplatelet drugs. These studies implicate platelets as the functionally dominant procoagulant surface during hemostatic plug formation. In addition, they suggest that impaired fibrin formation due to reduced platelet procoagulant activity is not reversed by TXA treatment.
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4
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Grover SP, Bharathi V, Posma JJ, Griffin JH, Palumbo JS, Mackman N, Antoniak S. Thrombin-mediated activation of PAR1 enhances doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury in mice. Blood Adv 2023; 7:1945-1953. [PMID: 36477178 PMCID: PMC10189413 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin is cardiotoxic and can cause irreversible heart failure. In addition to being cardiotoxic, doxorubicin also induces the activation of coagulation. We determined the effect of thrombin-mediated activation of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) on doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury. Administration of doxorubicin to mice resulted in a significant increase in plasma prothrombin fragment 1+2, thrombin-antithrombin complexes, and extracellular vesicle tissue factor activity. Doxorubicin-treated mice expressing low levels of tissue factor, but not factor XII-deficient mice, had reduced plasma thrombin-antithrombin complexes compared to controls. To evaluate the role of thrombin-mediated activation of PAR1, transgenic mice insensitive to thrombin (Par1R41Q) or activated protein C (Par1R46Q) were subjected to acute and chronic models of doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury and compared with Par1 wild-type (Par1+/+) and PAR1 deficient (Par1-/-) mice. Par1R41Q and Par1-/- mice, but not Par1R46Q mice, demonstrated similar reductions in the cardiac injury marker cardiac troponin I, preserved cardiac function, and reduced cardiac fibrosis compared to Par1+/+ controls after administration of doxorubicin. Furthermore, inhibition of Gαq signaling downstream of PAR1 with the small molecule inhibitor Q94 significantly preserved cardiac function in Par1+/+ mice, but not in Par1R41Q mice subjected to the acute model of cardiac injury when compared to vehicle controls. In addition, mice with PAR1 deleted in either cardiomyocytes or cardiac fibroblasts demonstrated reduced cardiac injury compared to controls. Taken together, these data suggest that thrombin-mediated activation of PAR1 contributes to doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P. Grover
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Blood Research Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Vanthana Bharathi
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Blood Research Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jens J. Posma
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Blood Research Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - John H. Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Joseph S. Palumbo
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Nigel Mackman
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Blood Research Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Silvio Antoniak
- UNC Blood Research Center, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UNC McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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5
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Grzegorski SJ, Zhao Y, Richter CE, Ku CJ, Lavik KI, Paul D, Morrissey JH, Shavit JA. Genetic duplication of tissue factor reveals subfunctionalization in venous and arterial hemostasis. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010534. [PMID: 36449521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) is an evolutionarily conserved protein necessary for initiation of hemostasis. Zebrafish have two copies of the tissue factor gene (f3a and f3b) as the result of an ancestral teleost fish duplication event (so called ohnologs). In vivo physiologic studies of TF function have been difficult given early lethality of TF knockout in the mouse. We used genome editing to produce knockouts of both f3a and f3b in zebrafish. Since ohnologs arose through sub- or neofunctionalization, they can unmask unknown functions of non-teleost genes and could reveal whether mammalian TF has developmental functions distinct from coagulation. Here we show that a single copy of either f3a or f3b is necessary and sufficient for normal lifespan. Complete loss of TF results in lethal hemorrhage by 2-4 months despite normal embryonic and vascular development. Larval vascular endothelial injury reveals predominant roles for TFa in venous circulation and TFb in arterial circulation. Finally, we demonstrate that loss of TF predisposes to a stress-induced cardiac tamponade independent of its role in fibrin formation. Overall, our data suggest partial subfunctionalization of TFa and TFb. This multigenic zebrafish model has the potential to facilitate study of the role of TF in different vascular beds.
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6
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Ehara H, Tatsumi K, Takafuji Y, Kawao N, Ishida M, Okada K, Mackman N, Kaji H. Role of tissue factor in delayed bone repair induced by diabetic state in mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260754. [PMID: 34855855 PMCID: PMC8638858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue factor (TF) is the primary activator of the extrinsic coagulation protease cascade. Although TF plays roles in various pathological states, such as thrombosis, inflammatory diseases, cancer, and atherosclerosis, its involvement in bone metabolism remains unknown. Materials and methods The present study examined the roles of TF in delayed bone repair induced by a diabetic state in mice using wild-type (WT) and low TF-expressing (LTF) male mice. A diabetic state was induced by intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ). Results A prolonged diabetic state significantly reduced total and trabecular bone mineral densities (BMD) as well as cortical bone thickness in WT and LTF mice; these BMD parameters were similar between WT and LTF mice treated with or without STZ. The diabetic state induced in WT mice delayed the repair of the femur following injury. The diabetic state induced in LTF mice was associated with further delays in bone repair. In in vitro experiments, TF significantly decreased receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand-induced osteoclast formation and osteoclastogenic gene expression in RAW264.7 cells. However, it did not affect the gene expression levels of runt-related transcription factor 2 and osterix as well as alkaline phosphatase activity in mouse primary osteoblasts. Conclusion Low TF state was associated with enhanced bone repair delay induced by diabetic state in mice. The TF-induced suppression of bone remodeling may be a contributing factor to the protective effects of TF against delayed bone repair in a diabetic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ehara
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Tatsumi
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
- Advanced Medical Science of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Takafuji
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kawao
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Ishida
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Okada
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, UNC Blood Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Hiroshi Kaji
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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7
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Grover SP, Schmedes CM, Auriemma AC, Butler E, Parrish ML, Miszta A, Cleuren AC, Visser M, Heitmeier S, Posma JJ, Spronk HM, Antoniak S, Wolberg AS, Pawlinski R, Gailani D, Mackman N. Differential roles of factors IX and XI in murine placenta and hemostasis under conditions of low tissue factor. Blood Adv 2020; 4:207-16. [PMID: 31935292 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic tenase complex (FIXa-FVIIIa) of the intrinsic coagulation pathway and, to a lesser extent, thrombin-mediated activation of FXI, are necessary to amplify tissue factor (TF)-FVIIa-initiated thrombin generation. In this study, we determined the contribution of murine FIX and FXI to TF-dependent thrombin generation in vitro. We further investigated TF-dependent FIX activation in mice and the contribution of this pathway to hemostasis. Thrombin generation was decreased in FIX- but not in FXI-deficient mouse plasma. Furthermore, injection of TF increased levels of FIXa-antithrombin complexes in both wild-type and FXI-/- mice. Genetic studies were used to determine the effect of complete deficiencies of either FIX or FXI on the survival of mice expressing low levels of TF. Low-TF;FIX-/y male mice were born at the expected frequency, but none survived to wean. In contrast, low-TF;FXI-/- mice were generated at the expected frequency at wean and had a 6-month survival equivalent to that of low-TF mice. Surprisingly, a deficiency of FXI, but not FIX, exacerbated the size of blood pools in low-TF placentas and led to acute hemorrhage and death of some pregnant dams. Our data indicate that FIX, but not FXI, is essential for survival of low-TF mice after birth. This finding suggests that TF-FVIIa-mediated activation of FIX plays a critical role in murine hemostasis. In contrast, FXI deficiency, but not FIX deficiency, exacerbated blood pooling in low-TF placentas, indicating a tissue-specific requirement for FXI in the murine placenta under conditions of low TF.
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8
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Iyer A, Humphries TLR, Owens EP, Zhao KN, Masci PP, Johnson DW, Nikolic-Paterson D, Gobe GC, Fairlie DP, Vesey DA. PAR2 Activation on Human Kidney Tubular Epithelial Cells Induces Tissue Factor Synthesis, That Enhances Blood Clotting. Front Physiol 2021; 12:615428. [PMID: 33776786 PMCID: PMC7987918 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.615428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulation abnormalities and increased risk of atherothrombosis are common in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Mechanisms that alter renal hemostasis and lead to thrombotic events are not fully understood. Here we show that activation of protease activated receptor-2 (PAR2) on human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HTECs), induces tissue factor (TF) synthesis and secretion that enhances blood clotting. PAR-activating coagulation-associated protease (thrombin), as well as specific PAR2 activators (matriptase, trypsin, or synthetic agonist 2f-LIGRLO-NH2 (2F), induced TF synthesis and secretion that were potently inhibited by PAR2 antagonist, I-191. Thrombin-induced TF was also inhibited by a PAR1 antagonist, Vorapaxar. Peptide activators of PAR1, PAR3, and PAR4 failed to induce TF synthesis. Differential centrifugation of the 2F-conditoned medium sedimented the secreted TF, together with the exosome marker ALG-2 interacting protein X (ALIX), indicating that secreted TF was associated with extracellular vesicles. 2F-treated HTEC conditioned medium significantly enhanced blood clotting, which was prevented by pre-incubating this medium with an antibody for TF. In summary, activation of PAR2 on HTEC stimulates synthesis and secretion of TF that induces blood clotting, and this is attenuated by PAR2 antagonism. Thrombin-induced TF synthesis is at least partly mediated by PAR1 transactivation of PAR2. These findings reveal how underlying hemostatic imbalances might increase thrombosis risk and subsequent chronic fibrin deposition in the kidneys of patients with CKD and suggest PAR2 antagonism as a potential therapeutic strategy for intervening in CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abishek Iyer
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tyrone L R Humphries
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Evan P Owens
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Kong-Nan Zhao
- Centre for Venomics Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul P Masci
- Centre for Venomics Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David W Johnson
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Department of Nephrology, The University of Queensland at Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - David Nikolic-Paterson
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre and Monash University Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David P Fairlie
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David A Vesey
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Department of Nephrology, The University of Queensland at Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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9
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Grover SP, Mackman N. Description of the first mutation in the human tissue factor gene associated with a bleeding tendency. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:3-6. [PMID: 33225609 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Grover
- UNC Blood Research Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nigel Mackman
- UNC Blood Research Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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10
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Prasad JM, Negrón O, Du X, Mullins ES, Palumbo JS, Gilbertie JM, Höök M, Grover SP, Pawlinski R, Mackman N, Degen JL, Flick MJ. Host fibrinogen drives antimicrobial function in Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis through bacterial-mediated prothrombin activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2009837118. [PMID: 33443167 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009837118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-clotting protein fibrinogen has been implicated in host defense following Staphylococcus aureus infection, but precise mechanisms of host protection and pathogen clearance remain undefined. Peritonitis caused by staphylococci species is a complication for patients with cirrhosis, indwelling catheters, or undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Here, we sought to characterize possible mechanisms of fibrin(ogen)-mediated antimicrobial responses. Wild-type (WT) (Fib+) mice rapidly cleared S. aureus following intraperitoneal infection with elimination of ∼99% of an initial inoculum within 15 min. In contrast, fibrinogen-deficient (Fib-) mice failed to clear the microbe. The genotype-dependent disparity in early clearance resulted in a significant difference in host mortality whereby Fib+ mice uniformly survived whereas Fib- mice exhibited high mortality rates within 24 h. Fibrin(ogen)-mediated bacterial clearance was dependent on (pro)thrombin procoagulant function, supporting a suspected role for fibrin polymerization in this mechanism. Unexpectedly, the primary host initiator of coagulation, tissue factor, was found to be dispensable for this antimicrobial activity. Rather, the bacteria-derived prothrombin activator vWbp was identified as the source of the thrombin-generating potential underlying fibrin(ogen)-dependent bacterial clearance. Mice failed to eliminate S. aureus deficient in vWbp, but clearance of these same microbes in WT mice was restored if active thrombin was administered to the peritoneal cavity. These studies establish that the thrombin/fibrinogen axis is fundamental to host antimicrobial defense, offer a possible explanation for the clinical observation that coagulase-negative staphylococci are a highly prominent infectious agent in peritonitis, and suggest caution against anticoagulants in individuals susceptible to peritoneal infections.
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11
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Schulman S, El-Darzi E, Florido MH, Friesen M, Merrill-Skoloff G, Brake MA, Schuster CR, Lin L, Westrick RJ, Cowan CA, Flaumenhaft R, Ouwehand WH, Peerlinck K, Freson K, Turro E, Furie B. A coagulation defect arising from heterozygous premature termination of tissue factor. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:5302-5312. [PMID: 32663190 PMCID: PMC7524505 DOI: 10.1172/jci133780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) is the primary initiator of blood coagulation in vivo and the only blood coagulation factor for which a human genetic defect has not been described. As there are no routine clinical assays that capture the contribution of endogenous TF to coagulation initiation, the extent to which reduced TF activity contributes to unexplained bleeding is unknown. Using whole genome sequencing, we identified a heterozygous frameshift variant (p.Ser117HisfsTer10) in F3, the gene encoding TF, causing premature termination of TF (TFshort) in a woman with unexplained bleeding. Routine hematological laboratory evaluation of the proposita was normal. CRISPR-edited human induced pluripotent stem cells recapitulating the variant were differentiated into vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells that demonstrated haploinsufficiency of TF. The variant F3 transcript is eliminated by nonsense-mediated decay. Neither overexpression nor addition of exogenous recombinant TFshort inhibited factor Xa or thrombin generation, excluding a dominant-negative mechanism. F3+/- mice provide an animal model of TF haploinsufficiency and exhibited prolonged bleeding times, impaired thrombus formation, and reduced survival following major injury. Heterozygous TF deficiency is present in at least 1 in 25,000 individuals and could limit coagulation initiation in undiagnosed individuals with abnormal bleeding but a normal routine laboratory evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Schulman
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, and
| | | | - Mary H.C. Florido
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Max Friesen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Marisa A. Brake
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Lin Lin
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis
| | - Randal J. Westrick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Chad A. Cowan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - NIHR BioResource
- NIHR BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals (detailed in the Supplemental Acknowledgments)
| | - Willem H. Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, and
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kathelijne Peerlinck
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Freson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ernest Turro
- NIHR BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals (detailed in the Supplemental Acknowledgments)
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, and
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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12
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Sluka SHM, Stämpfli SF, Akhmedov A, Rodewald TK, Sanz-Moreno A, Horsch M, Grest P, Rothmeier AS, Rathkolb B, Schrewe A, Beckers J, Neff F, Wolf E, Camici GG, Fuchs H, Durner VG, de Angelis MH, Lüscher TF, Ruf W, Tanner FC. Murine tissue factor disulfide mutation causes a bleeding phenotype with sex specific organ pathology and lethality. Haematologica 2020; 105:2484-2495. [PMID: 33054088 PMCID: PMC7556672 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.218818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor is highly expressed in sub-endothelial tissue. The extracellular allosteric disulfide bond Cys186-Cys209 of human tissue factor shows high evolutionary conservation and in vitro evidence suggests that it significantly contributes to tissue factor procoagulant activity. To investigate the role of this allosteric disulfide bond in vivo, we generated a C213G mutant tissue factor mouse by replacing Cys213 of the corresponding disulfide Cys190-Cys213 in murine tissue factor. A bleeding phenotype was prominent in homozygous C213G tissue factor mice. Pre-natal lethality of 1/3rd of homozygous offspring was observed between E9.5 and E14.5 associated with placental hemorrhages. After birth, homozygous mice suffered from bleedings in different organs and reduced survival. Homozygous C213G tissue factor male mice showed higher incidence of lung bleedings and lower survival rates than females. In both sexes, C213G mutation evoked a reduced protein expression (about 10-fold) and severely reduced pro-coagulant activity (about 1000-fold). Protein glycosylation was impaired and cell membrane exposure decreased in macrophages in vivo. Single housing of homozygous C213G tissue factor males reduced the occurrence of severe bleeding and significantly improved survival, suggesting that inter-male aggressiveness might significantly account for the sex differences. These experiments show that the tissue factor allosteric disulfide bond is of crucial importance for normal in vivo expression, post-translational processing and activity of murine tissue factor. Although C213G tissue factor mice do not display the severe embryonic lethality of tissue factor knock-out mice, their postnatal bleeding phenotype emphasizes the importance of fully functional tissue factor for hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon F. Stämpfli
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
- Cardiology Division, Heart Center, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Klein Rodewald
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adrián Sanz-Moreno
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marion Horsch
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Paula Grest
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea S. Rothmeier
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anja Schrewe
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Frauke Neff
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Giovanni G. Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix C. Tanner
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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13
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Ten Cate H, Guzik TJ, Eikelboom J, Spronk HMH. Pleiotropic actions of factor Xa inhibition in cardiovascular prevention: mechanistic insights and implications for anti-thrombotic treatment. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:2030-2044. [PMID: 32931586 PMCID: PMC8318102 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which atherothrombotic complications lead to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. At advanced stages, myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke, and peripheral artery disease, including major adverse limb events, are caused either by acute occlusive atherothrombosis or by thromboembolism. Endothelial dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell activation, and vascular inflammation are essential in the development of acute cardiovascular events. Effects of the coagulation system on vascular biology extend beyond thrombosis. Under physiological conditions, coagulation proteases in blood are pivotal in maintaining haemostasis and vascular integrity. Under pathological conditions, including atherosclerosis, the same coagulation proteases (including factor Xa, factor VIIa, and thrombin) become drivers of atherothrombosis, working in concert with platelets and vessel wall components. While initially atherothrombosis was attributed primarily to platelets, recent advances indicate the critical role of fibrin clot and plasma coagulation factors. Mechanisms of atherothrombosis and hypercoagulability vary depending on plaque erosion or plaque rupture. In addition to contributing to thrombus formation, factor Xa and thrombin can affect endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, vascular smooth muscle cell function as well as immune cell activation and vascular inflammation. By these mechanisms, they promote atherosclerosis and contribute to plaque instability. In this review, we first discuss the postulated vasoprotective mechanisms of protease-activated receptor signalling induced by coagulation enzymes under physiological conditions. Next, we discuss preclinical studies linking coagulation with endothelial cell dysfunction, thromboinflammation, and atherogenesis. Understanding these mechanisms is pivotal for the introduction of novel strategies in cardiovascular prevention and therapy. We therefore translate these findings to clinical studies of direct oral anticoagulant drugs and discuss the potential relevance of dual pathway inhibition for atherothrombosis prevention and vascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Ten Cate
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thrombosis Expertise Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Thrombosis Expertise Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - John Eikelboom
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton General Hospital and McMaster University, Hamilton, L8L 2x2, ON, Canada
| | - Henri M H Spronk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thrombosis Expertise Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Thrombosis Expertise Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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14
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Yang X, Cheng X, Tang Y, Qiu X, Wang Y, Kang H, Wu J, Wang Z, Liu Y, Chen F, Xiao X, Mackman N, Billiar TR, Han J, Lu B. Bacterial Endotoxin Activates the Coagulation Cascade through Gasdermin D-Dependent Phosphatidylserine Exposure. Immunity 2019; 51:983-996.e6. [PMID: 31836429 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Excessive activation of the coagulation system leads to life-threatening disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Here, we examined the mechanisms underlying the activation of coagulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major cell-wall component of Gram-negative bacteria. We found that caspase-11, a cytosolic LPS receptor, activated the coagulation cascade. Caspase-11 enhanced the activation of tissue factor (TF), an initiator of coagulation, through triggering the formation of gasdermin D (GSDMD) pores and subsequent phosphatidylserine exposure, in a manner independent of cell death. GSDMD pores mediated calcium influx, which induced phosphatidylserine exposure through transmembrane protein 16F, a calcium-dependent phospholipid scramblase. Deletion of Casp11, ablation of Gsdmd, or neutralization of phosphatidylserine or TF prevented LPS-induced DIC. In septic patients, plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1β, biomarkers of GSDMD activation, correlated with phosphatidylserine exposure in peripheral leukocytes and DIC scores. Our findings mechanistically link immune recognition of LPS to coagulation, with implications for the treatment of DIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yang
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoye Cheng
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China
| | - Yiting Tang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China
| | - Xianhui Qiu
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Kang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhongtai Wang
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China
| | - Yukun Liu
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China
| | - Fangping Chen
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jiahuai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ben Lu
- Department of Hematology and Critical Care Medicine, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China.
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15
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Zhang N, Czepielewski RS, Jarjour NN, Erlich EC, Esaulova E, Saunders BT, Grover SP, Cleuren AC, Broze GJ, Edelson BT, Mackman N, Zinselmeyer BH, Randolph GJ. Expression of factor V by resident macrophages boosts host defense in the peritoneal cavity. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1291-1300. [PMID: 31048328 PMCID: PMC6547866 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20182024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages resident in different organs express distinct genes, but understanding how this diversity fits into tissue-specific features is limited. Here, we show that selective expression of coagulation factor V (FV) by resident peritoneal macrophages in mice promotes bacterial clearance in the peritoneal cavity and serves to facilitate the well-known but poorly understood "macrophage disappearance reaction." Intravital imaging revealed that resident macrophages were nonadherent in peritoneal fluid during homeostasis. Bacterial entry into the peritoneum acutely induced macrophage adherence and associated bacterial phagocytosis. However, optimal control of bacterial expansion in the peritoneum also required expression of FV by the macrophages to form local clots that effectively brought macrophages and bacteria in proximity and out of the fluid phase. Thus, acute cellular adhesion and resident macrophage-induced coagulation operate independently and cooperatively to meet the challenges of a unique, open tissue environment. These events collectively account for the macrophage disappearance reaction in the peritoneal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Rafael S Czepielewski
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nicholas N Jarjour
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Emma C Erlich
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ekaterina Esaulova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Brian T Saunders
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Steven P Grover
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - George J Broze
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Brian T Edelson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Bernd H Zinselmeyer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Gwendalyn J Randolph
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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16
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Smiley ST, Szaba FM, Kummer LW, Duso DK, Lin JS. Yersinia pestis Pla Protein Thwarts T Cell Defense against Plague. Infect Immun 2019; 87:e00126-19. [PMID: 30804102 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00126-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plague is a rapidly lethal human disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis This study demonstrated that the Y. pestis plasminogen activator Pla, a protease that promotes fibrin degradation, thwarts T cell-mediated defense against fully virulent Y. pestis Introducing a single point mutation into the active site of Pla suffices to render fully virulent Y. pestis susceptible to primed T cells. Mechanistic studies revealed essential roles for fibrin during T cell-mediated defense against Pla-mutant Y. pestis Moreover, the efficacy of T cell-mediated protection against various Y. pestis strains displayed an inverse relationship with their levels of Pla activity. Together, these data indicate that Pla functions to thwart fibrin-dependent T cell-mediated defense against plague. Other important human bacterial pathogens, including staphylococci, streptococci, and borrelia, likewise produce virulence factors that promote fibrin degradation. The discovery that Y. pestis thwarts T cell defense by promoting fibrinolysis suggests novel therapeutic approaches to amplifying T cell responses against human pathogens.
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17
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Heestermans M, Salloum-Asfar S, Streef T, Laghmani EH, Salvatori D, Luken BM, Zeerleder SS, Spronk HMH, Korporaal SJ, Kirchhofer D, Wagenaar GTM, Versteeg HH, Reitsma PH, Renné T, van Vlijmen BJM. Mouse venous thrombosis upon silencing of anticoagulants depends on tissue factor and platelets, not FXII or neutrophils. Blood 2019; 133:2090-9. [PMID: 30898865 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-06-853762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor, coagulation factor XII, platelets, and neutrophils are implicated as important players in the pathophysiology of (experimental) venous thrombosis (VT). Their role became evident in mouse models in which surgical handlings were required to provoke VT. Combined inhibition of the natural anticoagulants antithrombin (Serpinc1) and protein C (Proc) using small interfering RNA without additional triggers also results in a venous thrombotic phenotype in mice, most notably with vessel occlusion in large veins of the head. VT is fatal but is fully rescued by thrombin inhibition. In the present study, we used this VT mouse model to investigate the involvement of tissue factor, coagulation factor XII, platelets, and neutrophils. Antibody-mediated inhibition of tissue factor reduced the clinical features of VT, the coagulopathy in the head, and fibrin deposition in the liver. In contrast, genetic deficiency in, and small interfering RNA-mediated depletion of, coagulation factor XII did not alter VT onset, severity, or thrombus morphology. Antibody-mediated depletion of platelets fully abrogated coagulopathy in the head and liver fibrin deposition. Although neutrophils were abundant in thrombotic lesions, depletion of circulating Ly6G-positive neutrophils did not affect onset, severity, thrombus morphology, or liver fibrin deposition. In conclusion, VT after inhibition of antithrombin and protein C is dependent on the presence of tissue factor and platelets but not on coagulation factor XII and circulating neutrophils. This study shows that distinct procoagulant pathways operate in mouse VT, dependent on the triggering stimulus.
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18
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D'Alessandro E, Posma J, Spronk H, ten Cate H. Tissue factor (:Factor VIIa) in the heart and vasculature: More than an envelope. Thromb Res 2018; 168:130-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Chen KD, Lin CC, Tsai MC, Huang KT, Chiu KW. Tumor microenvironment mediated by suppression of autophagic flux drives liver malignancy. Biomed J. 2018;41:163-168. [PMID: 30080656 PMCID: PMC6138774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological role of autophagy in the catabolic process of the body involves protein synthesis and degradation in homeostasis under normal and stressed conditions. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the role of tumor microenvironment (TME) has been concerned as the main issue in fighting against this deadly malignancy. During the last decade, the crosstalk between tumor cells and their TME in HCC extensively accumulated. However, a deeper knowledge for the actual function of autophagy in this interconnection which involved in supporting tumor development, progression and chemoresistance in HCC is needed but still largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that coagulants tissue factor (TF) and factor VII (FVII) has a pathological role in promoting tumor growth by activating protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). Autophagy-associated LC3A/B-II formation was selectively suppressed by FVII/PAR2 signaling which mediated by mTOR activation through Atg7 but not Atg5/Atg12 axis. The coagulant-derived autophagic suppression seemed potentiate a vicious circle of malignancy in producing more FVII and PAR2 which facilitate in vivo and in vitro tumor progression of HCC and the investigations are consistent with the clinical observations. In this review, we briefly summarize the current understanding of autophagy and discuss recent evidence for its role in HCC malignancy.
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20
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Grover SP, Mackman N. Tissue Factor: An Essential Mediator of Hemostasis and Trigger of Thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:709-725. [PMID: 29437578 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) is the high-affinity receptor and cofactor for factor (F)VII/VIIa. The TF-FVIIa complex is the primary initiator of blood coagulation and plays an essential role in hemostasis. TF is expressed on perivascular cells and epithelial cells at organ and body surfaces where it forms a hemostatic barrier. TF also provides additional hemostatic protection to vital organs, such as the brain, lung, and heart. Under pathological conditions, TF can trigger both arterial and venous thrombosis. For instance, atherosclerotic plaques contain high levels of TF on macrophage foam cells and microvesicles that drives thrombus formation after plaque rupture. In sepsis, inducible TF expression on monocytes leads to disseminated intravascular coagulation. In cancer patients, tumors release TF-positive microvesicles into the circulation that may contribute to venous thrombosis. TF also has nonhemostatic roles. For instance, TF-dependent activation of the coagulation cascade generates coagulation proteases, such as FVIIa, FXa, and thrombin, which induce signaling in a variety of cells by cleavage of protease-activated receptors. This review will focus on the roles of TF in protective hemostasis and pathological thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Grover
- From the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Nigel Mackman
- From the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
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21
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Stark K, Schubert I, Joshi U, Kilani B, Hoseinpour P, Thakur M, Grünauer P, Pfeiler S, Schmidergall T, Stockhausen S, Bäumer M, Chandraratne S, von Brühl ML, Lorenz M, Coletti R, Reese S, Laitinen I, Wörmann SM, Algül H, Bruns CJ, Ware J, Mackman N, Engelmann B, Massberg S. Distinct Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer Microvesicle-Associated Venous Thrombosis Identifies New Antithrombotic Targets In Vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:772-786. [PMID: 29419408 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cancer patients are at high risk of developing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and venous thromboembolism, a leading cause of mortality in this population. However, it is largely unclear how malignant tumors drive the prothrombotic cascade culminating in DVT. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here, we addressed the pathophysiology of malignant DVT compared with nonmalignant DVT and focused on the role of tumor microvesicles as potential targets to prevent cancer-associated DVT. We show that microvesicles released by pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells (pancreatic tumor-derived microvesicles [pcMV]) boost thrombus formation in a model of flow restriction of the mouse vena cava. This depends on the synergistic activation of coagulation by pcMV and host tissue factor. Unlike nonmalignant DVT, which is initiated and propagated by innate immune cells, thrombosis triggered by pcMV was largely independent of myeloid leukocytes or platelets. Instead, we identified externalization of the phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine as a major mechanism controlling the prothrombotic activity of pcMV. Disrupting phosphatidylethanolamine-dependent activation of factor X suppressed pcMV-induced DVT without causing changes in hemostasis. CONCLUSIONS Together, we show here that the pathophysiology of pcMV-associated experimental DVT differs markedly from innate immune cell-promoted nonmalignant DVT and is therefore amenable to distinct antithrombotic strategies. Targeting phosphatidylethanolamine on tumor microvesicles could be a new strategy for prevention of cancer-associated DVT without causing bleeding complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Stark
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.).
| | - Irene Schubert
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Urjita Joshi
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Badr Kilani
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Parandis Hoseinpour
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Manovriti Thakur
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Petra Grünauer
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Susanne Pfeiler
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Tobias Schmidergall
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Sven Stockhausen
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Markus Bäumer
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Sue Chandraratne
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Marie-Luise von Brühl
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Michael Lorenz
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Raffaele Coletti
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Sven Reese
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Iina Laitinen
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Sonja Maria Wörmann
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Hana Algül
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Christiane J Bruns
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Jerry Ware
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Nigel Mackman
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Bernd Engelmann
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Steffen Massberg
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
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22
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Unruh D, Ünlü B, Lewis CS, Qi X, Chu Z, Sturm R, Keil R, Ahmad SA, Sovershaev T, Adam M, Van Dreden P, Woodhams BJ, Ramchandani D, Weber GF, Rak JW, Wolberg AS, Mackman N, Versteeg HH, Bogdanov VY. Antibody-based targeting of alternatively spliced tissue factor: a new approach to impede the primary growth and spread of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:25264-75. [PMID: 26967388 PMCID: PMC5041902 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternatively spliced Tissue Factor (asTF) is a secreted form of Tissue Factor (TF), the trigger of blood coagulation whose expression levels are heightened in several forms of solid cancer, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). asTF binds to β1 integrins on PDAC cells, whereby it promotes tumor growth, metastatic spread, and monocyte recruitment to the stroma. In this study, we determined if targeting asTF in PDAC would significantly impact tumor progression. We here report that a novel inhibitory anti-asTF monoclonal antibody curtails experimental PDAC progression. Moreover, we show that tumor-derived asTF is able to promote PDAC primary growth and spread during early as well as later stages of the disease. This raises the likelihood that asTF may comprise a viable target in early- and late-stage PDAC. In addition, we show that TF expressed by host cells plays a significant role in PDAC spread. Together, our data demonstrate that targeting asTF in PDAC is a novel strategy to stem PDAC progression and spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusten Unruh
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Betül Ünlü
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Clayton S Lewis
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Qi
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Zhengtao Chu
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Robert Sturm
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ryan Keil
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Syed A Ahmad
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Georg F Weber
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Janusz W Rak
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alisa S Wolberg
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nigel Mackman
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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23
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Labberton L, Kenne E, Long AT, Nickel KF, Di Gennaro A, Rigg RA, Hernandez JS, Butler L, Maas C, Stavrou EX, Renné T. Neutralizing blood-borne polyphosphate in vivo provides safe thromboprotection. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12616. [PMID: 27596064 PMCID: PMC5025862 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphosphate is an inorganic procoagulant polymer. Here we develop specific inhibitors of polyphosphate and show that this strategy confers thromboprotection in a factor XII-dependent manner. Recombinant Escherichia coli exopolyphosphatase (PPX) specifically degrades polyphosphate, while a PPX variant lacking domains 1 and 2 (PPX_Δ12) binds to the polymer without degrading it. Both PPX and PPX_Δ12 interfere with polyphosphate- but not tissue factor- or nucleic acid-driven thrombin formation. Targeting polyphosphate abolishes procoagulant platelet activity in a factor XII-dependent manner, reduces fibrin accumulation and impedes thrombus formation in blood under flow. PPX and PPX_Δ12 infusions in wild-type mice interfere with arterial thrombosis and protect animals from activated platelet-induced venous thromboembolism without increasing bleeding from injury sites. In contrast, targeting polyphosphate does not provide additional protection from thrombosis in factor XII-deficient animals. Our data provide a proof-of-concept approach for combating thrombotic diseases without increased bleeding risk, indicating that polyphosphate drives thrombosis via factor XII. The inorganic procoagulant polymer polyphosphate participates in thrombosis via factor XII. Here the authors use recombinant probes that specifically bind or degrade circulating polyphosphate to protect mice in arterial and venous thrombosis models without an increased bleeding risk, the primary complication of all currently used anticoagulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Labberton
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, L1:00, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellinor Kenne
- Clinical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, L1:00, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andy T Long
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin F Nickel
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, L1:00, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Di Gennaro
- Clinical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, L1:00, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rachel A Rigg
- Clinical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, L1:00, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health &Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - James S Hernandez
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA
| | - Lynn Butler
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, L1:00, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Coen Maas
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Evi X Stavrou
- Department of Medicine, Louis Stokes Veterans Administration Hospital, 10701 East Boulevard, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, L1:00, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Bode MF, Mackman N. A combined deficiency of tissue factor and PAR-4 is associated with fatal pulmonary hemorrhage in mice. Thromb Res 2016; 146:46-50. [PMID: 27586081 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mice with a complete absence of tissue factor (TF) die during embryonic development whereas mice with low levels of TF (Low-TF mice) survive to adulthood. Low-TF mice exhibit spontaneous hemorrhage in various organs, including the lung. In contrast, mice can survive without protease-activated receptor (PAR)-4, which is the major thrombin receptor on mouse platelets. We determined the effect of combining a deficiency PAR-4 (primary hemostasis) with a deficiency in TF (secondary hemostasis) on embryonic development and survival of adult mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Low-TF mice (mTF-/-, hTF+/+) were crossed with PAR-4-/- mice to generate heterozygous mice (mTF+/-, hTF+/-, PAR-4+/-). These mice were intercrossed to generate Low-TF mice lacking PAR-4. Mice surviving to wean were genotyped and survival was monitored for 6months. RESULTS We observed the expected number of Low-TF,PAR-4-/- mice at wean indicating survival in utero and after birth. However, an absence of PAR-4 was associated with premature death of all Low-TF,PAR-4-/- mice in the 6month observational period. This compares with 40% death of the Low-TF,PAR-4+/+ mice (p=0.003). Low-TF,PAR-4+/- mice had an intermediate phenotype with 55% of the mice dying within 6months. The primary cause of mortality of Low-TF,PAR-4-/- mice was pulmonary hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS Low-TF,PAR-4-/- mice survive into adulthood, but combining a deficiency of primary hemostasis (PAR-4 deficiency) with secondary hemostasis (low levels of TF) leads to premature death primarily due to pulmonary hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Bode
- University of North Carolina, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; 160 Dental Circle, CB #7075, 6025 Burnett-Womack-Bldg., Chapel Hill, NC 27514-7075, USA.
| | - Nigel Mackman
- University of North Carolina, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine; McAllister Heart Institute, 111 Mason Farm Road, 2312C Medical Biomolecular Research Bldg., CB #7126, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7126, USA.
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25
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Wang S, Reeves B, Sparkenbaugh EM, Russell J, Soltys Z, Zhang H, Faber JE, Key NS, Kirchhofer D, Granger DN, Mackman N, Pawlinski R. Protective and detrimental effects of neuroectodermal cell-derived tissue factor in mouse models of stroke. JCI Insight 2016; 1. [PMID: 27489885 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the CNS, a dysregulated hemostatic response contributes to both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes. Tissue factor (TF), the primary initiator of the extrinsic coagulation cascade, plays an essential role in hemostasis and also contributes to thrombosis. Using both genetic and pharmacologic approaches, we characterized the contribution of neuroectodermal (NE) cell TF to the pathophysiology of stroke. We used mice with various levels of TF expression and found that astrocyte TF activity reduced to ~5% of WT levels was still sufficient to maintain hemostasis after hemorrhagic stroke but was also low enough to attenuate inflammation, reduce damage to the blood-brain barrier, and improve outcomes following ischemic stroke. Pharmacologic inhibition of TF during the reperfusion phase of ischemic stroke attenuated neuronal damage, improved behavioral deficit, and prevented mortality of mice. Our data demonstrate that NE cell TF limits bleeding complications associated with the transition from ischemic to hemorrhagic stroke and also contributes to the reperfusion injury after ischemic stroke. The high level of TF expression in the CNS is likely the result of selective pressure to limit intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after traumatic brain injury but, in the modern era, poses the additional risk of increased ischemia-reperfusion injury after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobin Wang
- McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brandi Reeves
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erica M Sparkenbaugh
- McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Janice Russell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Zbigniew Soltys
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Hua Zhang
- McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - James E Faber
- McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nigel S Key
- McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel Kirchhofer
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - D Neil Granger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Nigel Mackman
- McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rafal Pawlinski
- McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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26
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Antoniak S, Tatsumi K, Hisada Y, Milner JJ, Neidich SD, Shaver CM, Pawlinski R, Beck MA, Bastarache JA, Mackman N. Tissue factor deficiency increases alveolar hemorrhage and death in influenza A virus-infected mice. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:1238-48. [PMID: 26947929 PMCID: PMC5892427 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Essentials H1N1 Influenza A virus (IAV) infection is a hemostatic challenge for the lung. Tissue factor (TF) on lung epithelial cells maintains lung hemostasis after IAV infection. Reduced TF-dependent activation of coagulation leads to alveolar hemorrhage. Anticoagulation might increase the risk for hemorrhages into the lung during severe IAV infection. SUMMARY Background Influenza A virus (IAV) infection is a common respiratory tract infection that causes considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objective To investigate the effect of genetic deficiency of tissue factor (TF) in a mouse model of IAV infection. Methods Wild-type mice, low-TF (LTF) mice and mice with the TF gene deleted in different cell types were infected with a mouse-adapted A/Puerto Rico/8/34 H1N1 strain of IAV. TF expression was measured in the lungs, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected to measure extracellular vesicle TF, activation of coagulation, alveolar hemorrhage, and inflammation. Results IAV infection of wild-type mice increased lung TF expression, activation of coagulation and inflammation in BALF, but also led to alveolar hemorrhage. LTF mice and mice with selective deficiency of TF in lung epithelial cells had low basal levels of TF and failed to increase TF expression after infection; these two strains of mice had more alveolar hemorrhage and death than controls. In contrast, deletion of TF in either myeloid cells or endothelial cells and hematopoietic cells did not increase alveolar hemorrhage or death after IAV infection. These results indicate that TF expression in the lung, particularly in epithelial cells, is required to maintain alveolar hemostasis after IAV infection. Conclusion Our study indicates that TF-dependent activation of coagulation is required to limit alveolar hemorrhage and death after IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Antoniak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, UNC McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 111 Mason Farm Road Campus Box 7126, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kohei Tatsumi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, UNC McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 111 Mason Farm Road Campus Box 7126, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yohei Hisada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, UNC McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 111 Mason Farm Road Campus Box 7126, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - J. Justin Milner
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive Campus Box 7461, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Scott D. Neidich
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive Campus Box 7461, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ciara M. Shaver
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, T-1218 MCN, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rafal Pawlinski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, UNC McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 111 Mason Farm Road Campus Box 7126, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Melinda A. Beck
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive Campus Box 7461, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julie A. Bastarache
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, T-1218 MCN, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, UNC McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 111 Mason Farm Road Campus Box 7126, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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27
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Witkowski M, Landmesser U, Rauch U. Tissue factor as a link between inflammation and coagulation. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2016; 26:297-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Keshava S, Sundaram J, Rajulapati A, Pendurthi UR, Rao LVM. Pharmacological concentrations of recombinant factor VIIa restore hemostasis independent of tissue factor in antibody-induced hemophilia mice. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:546-50. [PMID: 26727350 PMCID: PMC4785069 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ESSENTIALS: The role of tissue factor (TF) in recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) therapy in hemophilia is unclear. An acquired mouse hemophilia model with very low or normal levels of human TF was used in the study. rFVIIa is equally effective in correcting the bleeding in mice expressing low or normal levels of TF. Pharmacological doses of rFVIIa restore hemostasis in hemophilia independent of TF. SUMMARY BACKGROUND Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) has been used widely for treating hemophilia patients with inhibitory autoantibodies against factor VIII or IX. Its mechanism of action is not entirely known. A majority of in vitro studies suggested that pharmacological concentrations of rFVIIa restore hemostasis in hemophilia in a phospholipid-dependent manner, independent of tissue factor (TF). However, a few studies suggested that a TF-dependent mechanism has a primary role in correction of bleeding by rFVIIa in hemophilia patients. Here, we investigated the potential contribution of TF in rFVIIa-induced hemostasis in hemophilia employing a model system of FVIII antibody-induced hemophilia in TF transgenic mice. METHODS Mice expressing low levels of human TF (LTF mice), mice expressing relatively high levels of human TF (HTF mice) and wild-type mice (WT mice) had neutralizing anti-FVIII antibodies administered in order to induce hemophilia in these mice. The mice were then treated with varying concentrations of rFVIIa. rFVIIa-induced hemostasis was evaluated with the saphenous vein bleeding model. RESULTS Administration of FVIII inhibitory antibodies induced the hemophilic bleeding phenotype in all three genotypes. rFVIIa administration rescued the bleeding phenotype in all three genotypes. No significant differences were observed in rFVIIa-induced correction of bleeding between LTF and HTF mice that had FVIII antibodies administered. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide strong evidence supporting the suggestion that the hemostatic effect of pharmacological doses of rFVIIa stems from a TF-independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Keshava
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - J Sundaram
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - A Rajulapati
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - U R Pendurthi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - L V M Rao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
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29
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Schatz F, Guzeloglu-Kayisli O, Arlier S, Kayisli UA, Lockwood CJ. The role of decidual cells in uterine hemostasis, menstruation, inflammation, adverse pregnancy outcomes and abnormal uterine bleeding. Hum Reprod Update 2016; 22:497-515. [PMID: 26912000 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmw004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human pregnancy requires robust hemostasis to prevent hemorrhage during extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion of the decidualized endometrium, modification of spiral arteries and post-partum processes. However, decidual hemorrhage (abruption) can occur throughout pregnancy from poorly transformed spiral arteries, causing fetal death or spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), or it can promote the aberrant placentation observed in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and pre-eclampsia; all leading causes of perinatal or maternal morbidity and mortality. In non-fertile cycles, the decidua undergoes controlled menstrual bleeding. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) accompanying progestin-only, long-acting, reversible contraception (pLARC) accounts for most discontinuations of these safe and highly effective agents, thereby contributing to unwanted pregnancies and abortion. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of decidual cells in uterine hemostasis, menstruation, inflammation, adverse pregnancy outcomes and abnormal uterine bleeding. METHODS We conducted a critical review of the literature arising from PubMed searches up to December 2015, regarding in situ and in vitro expression and regulation of several specific proteins involved in uterine hemostasis in decidua and cycling endometrium. In addition, we discussed clinical and molecular mechanisms associated with pLARC-induced AUB and pregnancy complications with abruptions, chorioamnionitis or pre-eclampsia. RESULTS Progestin-induced decidualization of estradiol-primed human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) increases in vivo and in vitro expression of tissue factor (TF) and type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) while inhibiting plasminogen activators (PAs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and the vasoconstrictor, endothelin-1 (ET-1). These changes in decidual cell-derived regulators of hemostasis, fibrinolysis, extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, and vascular tone prevent hemorrhage during EVT invasion and vascular remodeling. In non-fertile cycles, progesterone withdrawal reduces TF and PAI-1 while increasing PA, MMPs and ET-1, causing menstrual-associated bleeding, fibrinolysis, ECM degradation and ischemia. First trimester decidual hemorrhage elicits later adverse outcomes including pregnancy loss, pre-eclampsia, abruption, IUGR and PTB. Decidual hemorrhage generates excess thrombin that binds to decidual cell-expressed protease-activated receptors (PARs) to induce chemokines promoting shallow placentation; such bleeding later in pregnancy generates thrombin to down-regulate decidual cell progesterone receptors and up-regulate cytokines and MMPs linked to PTB. Endometria of pLARC users display ischemia-induced excess vasculogenesis and progestin inhibition of spiral artery vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration leading to dilated fragile vessels prone to bleeding. Moreover, aberrant TF-derived thrombin signaling also contributes to the pathogenesis of endometriosis via induction of angiogenesis, inflammation and cell survival. CONCLUSION Perivascular decidualized HESCs promote endometrial hemostasis during placentation yet facilitate menstruation through progestational regulation of hemostatic, proteolytic, and vasoactive proteins. Pathological endometrial hemorrhage elicits excess local thrombin generation, which contributes to pLARC associated AUB, endometriosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes through several biochemical mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Schatz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ozlem Guzeloglu-Kayisli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sefa Arlier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Umit A Kayisli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Charles J Lockwood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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30
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Niemann H, Petersen B. The production of multi-transgenic pigs: update and perspectives for xenotransplantation. Transgenic Res 2016; 25:361-74. [PMID: 26820415 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-016-9934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The domestic pig shares many genetic, anatomical and physiological similarities to humans and is thus considered to be a suitable organ donor for xenotransplantation. However, prior to clinical application of porcine xenografts, three major hurdles have to be overcome: (1) various immunological rejection responses, (2) physiological incompatibilities between the porcine organ and the human recipient and (3) the risk of transmitting zoonotic pathogens from pig to humans. With the introduction of genetically engineered pigs expressing high levels of human complement regulatory proteins or lacking expression of α-Gal epitopes, the HAR can be consistently overcome. However, none of the transgenic porcine organs available to date was fully protected against the binding of anti-non-Gal xenoreactive natural antibodies. The present view is that long-term survival of xenografts after transplantation into primates requires additional modifications of the porcine genome and a specifically tailored immunosuppression regimen compliant with current clinical standards. This requires the production and characterization of multi-transgenic pigs to control HAR, AVR and DXR. The recent emergence of new sophisticated molecular tools such as Zinc-Finger nucleases, Transcription-activator like endonucleases, and the CRISPR/Cas9 system has significantly increased efficiency and precision of the production of genetically modified pigs for xenotransplantation. Several candidate genes, incl. hTM, hHO-1, hA20, CTLA4Ig, have been explored in their ability to improve long-term survival of porcine xenografts after transplantation into non-human primates. This review provides an update on the current status in the production of multi-transgenic pigs for xenotransplantation which could bring porcine xenografts closer to clinical application.
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Sparkenbaugh EM, Chantrathammachart P, Chandarajoti K, Mackman N, Key NS, Pawlinski R. Thrombin-independent contribution of tissue factor to inflammation and cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse model of sickle cell disease. Blood 2016; 127:1371-3. [PMID: 26817955 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-11-681114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Antoniak S, Mackman N. Editorial Commentary: Tissue factor expression by the endothelium: Coagulation or inflammation? Trends Cardiovasc Med 2016; 26:304-5. [PMID: 26850939 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Antoniak
- Department of Medicine, UNC McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, UNC McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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Rautou PE, Tatsumi K, Antoniak S, Owens AP, Sparkenbaugh E, Holle LA, Wolberg AS, Kopec AK, Pawlinski R, Luyendyk JP, Mackman N. Hepatocyte tissue factor contributes to the hypercoagulable state in a mouse model of chronic liver injury. J Hepatol 2016; 64:53-9. [PMID: 26325534 PMCID: PMC4691429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis have a dysregulated coagulation system and are prone to thrombosis. The basis for this hypercoagulable state is not completely understood. Tissue factor (TF) is the primary initiator of coagulation in vivo. Patients with cirrhosis have increased TF activity in white blood cells and circulating microparticles. The aim of our study was to determine the contribution of TF to the hypercoagulable state in a mouse model of chronic liver injury. METHODS We measured levels of TF activity in the liver, white blood cells and circulating microparticles, and a marker of activation of coagulation (thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TATc)) in the plasma of mice subjected to bile duct ligation for 12days. We used wild-type mice, mice with a global TF deficiency (low TF mice), and mice deficient for TF in either myeloid cells (TF(flox/flox),LysMCre mice) or in hepatocytes (TF(flox/flox),AlbCre). RESULTS Wild-type mice with liver injury had increased levels of white blood cell, microparticle TF activity and TATc compared to sham mice. Low TF mice and mice lacking TF in hepatocytes had reduced levels of TF in the liver and in microparticles and exhibited reduced activation of coagulation without a change in liver fibrosis. In contrast, mice lacking TF in myeloid cells had reduced white blood cell TF but no change in microparticle TF activity or TATc. CONCLUSIONS Hepatocyte TF activates coagulation in a mouse model of chronic liver injury. TF may contribute to the hypercoagulable state associated with chronic liver diseases in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France.
| | - Kohei Tatsumi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Silvio Antoniak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - A. Phillip Owens
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Erica Sparkenbaugh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lori A. Holle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alisa S. Wolberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Anna K. Kopec
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Rafal Pawlinski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - James P. Luyendyk
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids in medium to large sized arteries. Atherothrombosis is a term used to describe formation of a thrombus after rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque. Thrombosis can lead to myocardial infarction and stroke. Risk factors for atherosclerosis include hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking and hypertension all of which increase tissue factor (TF) expression. High levels of TF are present in atherosclerotic plaques due to expression by macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells and the presence of cell-derived TF-positive microvesicles (MVs). In addition, hyperlipidemia leads to the formation of oxidized LDL, which induces TF expression in circulating monocytes and the release of TF-positive MVs. The major source of TF that drives thrombosis after plaque rupture is TF within the plaque. However, TF in the blood on monocytes and MVs may also contribute the thrombosis. Inhibition of the TF/factor VIIa complex is unlikely to be an effective strategy to reduce atherothrombosis due the essential role of the complex in hemostasis. However, selective blockade of pathologic TF without affecting protective TF may be effective in reducing atherothrombosis. For instance, statins have been shown to reduce TF expression in the plaque and in circulating monocytes, which would be expected to reduce thrombosis. Further studies are needed to determine safe strategies to reduce pathologic TF expression and atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Tatsumi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, McAllister Heart Institute, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Group,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Wang J, Xiao J, Wen D, Wu X, Mao Z, Zhang J, Ma D. Endothelial cell-anchored tissue factor pathway inhibitor regulates tumor metastasis to the lung in mice. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:882-96. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - Jiajun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - Danping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - Xie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - Zuohua Mao
- Department of Parasitology and Microbiology; Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Fudan University; Shanghai China
- Children's Hospital; Fudan University; Shanghai China
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Ahrens HE, Petersen B, Herrmann D, Lucas-Hahn A, Hassel P, Ziegler M, Kues WA, Baulain U, Baars W, Schwinzer R, Denner J, Rataj D, Werwitzke S, Tiede A, Bongoni AK, Garimella PS, Despont A, Rieben R, Niemann H. siRNA mediated knockdown of tissue factor expression in pigs for xenotransplantation. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:1407-14. [PMID: 25808638 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Acute vascular rejection (AVR), in particular microvascular thrombosis, is an important barrier to successful pig-to-primate xenotransplantation. Here, we report the generation of pigs with decreased tissue factor (TF) levels induced by small interfering (si)RNA-mediated gene silencing. Porcine fibroblasts were transfected with TF-targeting small hairpin (sh)RNA and used for somatic cell nuclear transfer. Offspring were analyzed for siRNA, TF mRNA and TF protein level. Functionality of TF downregulation was investigated by a whole blood clotting test and a flow chamber assay. TF siRNA was expressed in all twelve liveborn piglets. TF mRNA expression was reduced by 94.1 ± 4.7% in TF knockdown (TFkd) fibroblasts compared to wild-type (WT). TF protein expression in PAEC stimulated with 50 ng/mL TNF-α was significantly lower in TFkd pigs (mean fluorescence intensity TFkd: 7136 ± 136 vs. WT: 13 038 ± 1672). TF downregulation significantly increased clotting time (TFkd: 73.3 ± 8.8 min, WT: 45.8 ± 7.7 min, p < 0.0001) and significantly decreased thrombus formation compared to WT (mean thrombus coverage per viewing field in %; WT: 23.5 ± 13.0, TFkd: 2.6 ± 3.7, p < 0.0001). Our data show that a functional knockdown of TF is compatible with normal development and survival of pigs. TF knockdown could be a valuable component in the generation of multi-transgenic pigs for xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Ahrens
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Mariensee, Neustadt, Germany
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Liang HP, Kerschen EJ, Hernandez I, Basu S, Zogg M, Botros F, Jia S, Hessner MJ, Griffin JH, Ruf W, Weiler H. EPCR-dependent PAR2 activation by the blood coagulation initiation complex regulates LPS-triggered interferon responses in mice. Blood 2015; 125:2845-54. [PMID: 25733582 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-11-610717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection and inflammation are invariably associated with activation of the blood coagulation mechanism, secondary to the inflammation-induced expression of the coagulation initiator tissue factor (TF) on innate immune cells. By investigating the role of cell-surface receptors for coagulation factors in mouse endotoxemia, we found that the protein C receptor (ProcR; EPCR) was required for the normal in vivo and in vitro induction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-regulated gene expression. In cultured bone marrow-derived myeloid cells and in monocytic RAW264.7 cells, the LPS-induced expression of functionally active TF, assembly of the ternary TF-VIIa-Xa initiation complex of blood coagulation, and the EPCR-dependent activation of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) by the ternary TF-VIIa-Xa complex were required for the normal LPS induction of messenger RNAs encoding the TLR3/4 signaling adaptor protein Pellino-1 and the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 8. In response to in vivo challenge with LPS, mice lacking EPCR or PAR2 failed to fully initiate an interferon-regulated gene expression program that included the Irf8 target genes Lif, Iigp1, Gbp2, Gbp3, and Gbp6. The inflammation-induced expression of TF and crosstalk with EPCR, PAR2, and TLR4 therefore appear necessary for the normal evolution of interferon-regulated host responses.
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Getz TM, Piatt R, Petrich BG, Monroe D, Mackman N, Bergmeier W. Novel mouse hemostasis model for real-time determination of bleeding time and hemostatic plug composition. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:417-25. [PMID: 25442192 PMCID: PMC4414118 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hemostasis is a rapid response by the body to stop bleeding at sites of vessel injury. Both platelets and fibrin are important for the formation of a hemostatic plug. Mice have been used to uncover the molecular mechanisms that regulate the activation of platelets and coagulation under physiologic conditions. However, measurements of hemostasis in mice are quite variable, and current methods do not quantify platelet adhesion or fibrin formation at the site of injury. METHODS We describe a novel hemostasis model that uses intravital fluorescence microscopy to quantify platelet adhesion, fibrin formation and time to hemostatic plug formation in real time. Repeated vessel injuries of ~ 50-100 μm in diameter were induced with laser ablation technology in the saphenous vein of mice. RESULTS Hemostasis in this model was strongly impaired in mice deficient in glycoprotein Ibα or talin-1, which are important regulators of platelet adhesiveness. In contrast, the time to hemostatic plug formation was only minimally affected in mice deficient in the extrinsic tissue factor (TF(low)) or the intrinsic factor IX coagulation pathways, even though platelet adhesion was significantly reduced. A partial reduction in platelet adhesiveness obtained with clopidogrel led to instability within the hemostatic plug, especially when combined with impaired coagulation in TF(low) mice. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we present a novel, highly sensitive method to quantify hemostatic plug formation in mice. On the basis of its sensitivity to platelet adhesion defects and its real-time imaging capability, we propose this model as an ideal tool with which to study the efficacy and safety of antiplatelet agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Getz
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Sparkenbaugh EM, Chantrathammachart P, Wang S, Jonas W, Kirchhofer D, Gailani D, Gruber A, Kasthuri R, Key NS, Mackman N, Pawlinski R. Excess of heme induces tissue factor-dependent activation of coagulation in mice. Haematologica 2015; 100:308-14. [PMID: 25596265 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.114728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An excess of free heme is present in the blood during many types of hemolytic anemia. This has been linked to organ damage caused by heme-mediated oxidative stress and vascular inflammation. We investigated the mechanism of heme-induced coagulation activation in vivo. Heme caused coagulation activation in wild-type mice that was attenuated by an anti-tissue factor antibody and in mice expressing low levels of tissue factor. In contrast, neither factor XI deletion nor inhibition of factor XIIa-mediated factor XI activation reduced heme-induced coagulation activation, suggesting that the intrinsic coagulation pathway is not involved. We investigated the source of tissue factor in heme-induced coagulation activation. Heme increased the procoagulant activity of mouse macrophages and human PBMCs. Tissue factor-positive staining was observed on leukocytes isolated from the blood of heme-treated mice but not on endothelial cells in the lungs. Furthermore, heme increased vascular permeability in the mouse lungs, kidney and heart. Deletion of tissue factor from either myeloid cells, hematopoietic or endothelial cells, or inhibition of tissue factor expressed by non-hematopoietic cells did not reduce heme-induced coagulation activation. However, heme-induced activation of coagulation was abolished when both non-hematopoietic and hematopoietic cell tissue factor was inhibited. Finally, we demonstrated that coagulation activation was partially attenuated in sickle cell mice treated with recombinant hemopexin to neutralize free heme. Our results indicate that heme promotes tissue factor-dependent coagulation activation and induces tissue factor expression on leukocytes in vivo. We also demonstrated that free heme may contribute to thrombin generation in a mouse model of sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M Sparkenbaugh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Pichika Chantrathammachart
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shaobin Wang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Will Jonas
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Kirchhofer
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David Gailani
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andras Gruber
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Raj Kasthuri
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nigel S Key
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rafal Pawlinski
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Kothari H, Keshava S, Vatsyayan R, Mackman N, Rao LVM, Pendurthi UR. Role of tissue factor in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced inflammation and disease pathogenesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114141. [PMID: 25462128 PMCID: PMC4252100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic lung infectious disease characterized by severe inflammation and lung granulomatous lesion formation. Clinical manifestations of TB include hypercoagulable states and thrombotic complications. We previously showed that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection induces tissue factor (TF) expression in macrophages in vitro. TF plays a key role in coagulation and inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the role of TF in M.tb-induced inflammatory responses, mycobacterial growth in the lung and dissemination to other organs. Wild-type C57BL/6 and transgenic mice expressing human TF, either very low levels (low TF) or near to the level of wild-type (HTF), in place of murine TF were infected with M.tb via aerosol exposure. Levels of TF expression, proinflammatory cytokines and thrombin-antithrombin complexes were measured post M.tb infection and mycobacterial burden in the tissue homogenates were evaluated. Our results showed that M.tb infection did not increase the overall TF expression in lungs. However, macrophages in the granulomatous lung lesions in all M.tb-infected mice, including low TF mice, showed increased levels of TF expression. Conspicuous fibrin deposition in the granuloma was detected in wild-type and HTF mice but not in low TF mice. M.tb infection significantly increased expression levels of cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß in lung tissues. However, no significant differences were found in proinflammatory cytokines among the three experimental groups. Mycobacterial burden in lungs and dissemination into spleen and liver were essentially similar in all three genotypes. Our data indicate, in contrast to that observed in acute bacterial infections, that TF-mediated coagulation and/or signaling does not appear to contribute to the host-defense in experimental tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hema Kothari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LVMR); (HK)
| | - Shiva Keshava
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, United States of America
| | - Rit Vatsyayan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, United States of America
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599, United States of America
| | - L. Vijaya Mohan Rao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LVMR); (HK)
| | - Usha R. Pendurthi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, United States of America
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Tissue factor (TF) is expressed in the heart where it is required for haemostasis. High levels of TF are also expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and likely contribute to atherothrombosis after plaque rupture. Indeed, risk factors for atherothrombosis, such as diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, smoking and hypertension, are associated with increased TF expression in circulating monocytes, microparticles and plasma. Several therapies that reduce atherothrombosis, such as statins, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers and anti-platelet drugs, are associated with reduced TF expression. In addition to its haemostatic and pro-thrombotic functions, the TF : FVIIa complex and downstream coagulation proteases activate cells by cleavage of protease-activated receptors (PARs). In mice, deficiencies in either PAR-1 or PAR-2 reduce cardiac remodelling and heart failure after ischaemia-reperfusion injury. This suggests that inhibition of coagulation proteases and PARs may be protective in heart attack patients. In contrast, the TF/thrombin/PAR-1 pathway is beneficial in a mouse model of Coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis. We found that stimulation of PAR-1 increases the innate immune response by enhancing TLR3-dependent IFN-β expression. Therefore, inhibition of the TF/thrombin/PAR-1 pathway in patients with viral myocarditis could have detrimental effects. CONCLUSION The TF : FVIIa complex has both protective and pathological roles in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N Mackman
- Nigel Mackman, Ph.D., FAHA, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, 111 Mason Farm Road, 2312B Medical Biomolecular Research Bldg., CB #7126, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA, E-mail:
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Abstract
The liver is the primary source of a number of circulating coagulation factors, and acute liver injury and chronic liver disease are each associated with alterations in blood coagulation. Current views of the connection between liver injury and coagulation extend beyond the impact of liver disease on synthesis of coagulation factors to include a role for coagulation factor activity in the initiation and progression of liver disease. Mechanisms of coagulation initiation in liver disease are not completely understood. Compared to other tissues, liver expresses very low levels of tissue factor (TF). Recent studies indicate that expression of TF by hepatocytes comprises the majority of liver procoagulant activity, and that hepatocyte TF activates coagulation induced by liver injury. This review will briefly cover the expression and regulation of TF by hepatocytes, the role of TF in coagulation triggered by liver toxicity, and the contribution of coagulation activity to the progression of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Kopec
- Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - James P Luyendyk
- Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824.
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Wu YY, V. Nguyen A, Wu XX, Loh M, Vu M, Zou Y, Liu Q, Guo P, Wang Y, Montgomery LL, Orlofsky A, Rand JH, Lin EY. Antiphospholipid Antibodies Promote Tissue Factor–Dependent Angiogenic Switch and Tumor Progression. The American Journal of Pathology 2014; 184:3359-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Magnus N, Meehan B, Garnier D, Hashemi M, Montermini L, Lee TH, Milsom C, Pawlinski R, Ohlfest J, Anderson M, Mackman N, Rak J. The contribution of tumor and host tissue factor expression to oncogene-driven gliomagenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 454:262-8. [PMID: 25450387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive form of glial brain tumors, associated with angiogenesis, thrombosis, and upregulation of tissue factor (TF), the key cellular trigger of coagulation and signaling. Since TF is upregulated by oncogenic mutations occurring in different subsets of human brain tumors we investigated whether TF contributes to tumourigenesis driven by oncogenic activation of EGFR (EGFRvIII) and RAS pathways in the brain. Here we show that TF expression correlates with poor prognosis in glioma, but not in GBM. In situ, the TF protein expression is heterogeneously expressed in adult and pediatric gliomas. GBM cells harboring EGFRvIII (U373vIII) grow aggressively as xenografts in SCID mice and their progression is delayed by administration of monoclonal antibodies blocking coagulant (CNTO 859) and signaling (10H10) effects of TF in vivo. Mice in which TF gene is disrupted in the neuroectodermal lineage exhibit delayed progression of spontaneous brain tumors driven by oncogenic N-ras and SV40 large T antigen (SV40LT) expressed under the control of sleeping beauty transposase. Reduced host TF levels in low-TF/SCID hypomorphic mice mitigated growth of glioma subcutaneously but not in the brain. Thus, we suggest that tumor-associated TF may serve as therapeutic target in the context of oncogene-driven disease progression in a subset of glioma.
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Vatsyayan R, Kothari H, Mackman N, Pendurthi UR, Rao LVM. Inactivation of factor VIIa by antithrombin in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo: role of tissue factor and endothelial cell protein C receptor. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103505. [PMID: 25102166 PMCID: PMC4125150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that antithrombin (AT) could act as a significant physiologic regulator of FVIIa. However, in vitro studies showed that AT could inhibit FVIIa effectively only when it was bound to tissue factor (TF). Circulating blood is known to contain only traces of TF, at best. FVIIa also binds endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR), but the role of EPCR on FVIIa inactivation by AT is unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the role of TF and EPCR in inactivation of FVIIa by AT in vivo. Low human TF mice (low TF, ∼1% expression of the mouse TF level) and high human TF mice (HTF, ∼100% of the mouse TF level) were injected with human rFVIIa (120 µg kg−1 body weight) via the tail vein. At varying time intervals following rFVIIa administration, blood was collected to measure FVIIa-AT complex and rFVIIa antigen levels in the plasma. Despite the large difference in TF expression in the mice, HTF mice generated only 40–50% more of FVIIa-AT complex as compared to low TF mice. Increasing the concentration of TF in vivo in HTF mice by LPS injection increased the levels of FVIIa-AT complexes by about 25%. No significant differences were found in FVIIa-AT levels among wild-type, EPCR-deficient, and EPCR-overexpressing mice. The levels of FVIIa-AT complex formed in vitro and ex vivo were much lower than that was found in vivo. In summary, our results suggest that traces of TF that may be present in circulating blood or extravascular TF that is transiently exposed during normal vessel damage contributes to inactivation of FVIIa by AT in circulation. However, TF’s role in AT inactivation of FVIIa appears to be minor and other factor(s) present in plasma, on blood cells or vascular endothelium may play a predominant role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rit Vatsyayan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hema Kothari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Usha R. Pendurthi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - L. Vijaya Mohan Rao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Antoniak S, Sparkenbaugh E, Pawlinski R. Tissue factor, protease activated receptors and pathologic heart remodelling. Thromb Haemost 2014; 112:893-900. [PMID: 25104210 DOI: 10.1160/th14-03-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue factor is the primary initiator of coagulation cascade and plays an essential role in haemostasis and thrombosis. In addition, tissue factor and coagulation proteases contribute to many cellular responses via activation of protease activated receptors. The heart is an organ with high levels of constitutive tissue factor expression. This review focuses on the role of tissue factor, coagulation proteases and protease activated receptors in heart haemostasis and the pathological heart remodelling associated with myocardial infarction, viral myocarditis and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafal Pawlinski
- Rafal Pawlinski, PhD, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, 320A Mary Ellen Jones Bldg, 98 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA, Tel: 919 843 8387, Fax: 919 843 4896, E-mail:
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Sluka SHM, Akhmedov A, Vogel J, Unruh D, Bogdanov VY, Camici GG, Lüscher TF, Ruf W, Tanner FC. Alternatively spliced tissue factor is not sufficient for embryonic development. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97793. [PMID: 24879059 PMCID: PMC4039448 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) triggers blood coagulation and is translated from two mRNA splice isoforms, encoding membrane-anchored full-length TF (flTF) and soluble alternatively-spliced TF (asTF). The complete knockout of TF in mice causes embryonic lethality associated with failure of the yolk sac vasculature. Although asTF plays roles in postnatal angiogenesis, it is unknown whether it activates coagulation sufficiently or makes previously unrecognized contributions to sustaining integrity of embryonic yolk sac vessels. Using gene knock-in into the mouse TF locus, homozygous asTF knock-in (asTFKI) mice, which express murine asTF in the absence of flTF, exhibited embryonic lethality between day 9.5 and 10.5. Day 9.5 homozygous asTFKI embryos expressed asTF protein, but no procoagulant activity was detectable in a plasma clotting assay. Although the α-smooth-muscle-actin positive mesodermal layer as well as blood islands developed similarly in day 8.5 wild-type or homozygous asTFKI embryos, erythrocytes were progressively lost from disintegrating yolk sac vessels of asTFKI embryos by day 10.5. These data show that in the absence of flTF, asTF expressed during embryonic development has no measurable procoagulant activity, does not support embryonic vessel stability by non-coagulant mechanisms, and fails to maintain a functional vasculature and embryonic survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna H. M. Sluka
- Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Vogel
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dusten Unruh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Vladimir Y. Bogdanov
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Giovanni G. Camici
- Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F. Lüscher
- Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Felix C. Tanner
- Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Greer IA, Brenner B, Gris JC. Antithrombotic treatment for pregnancy complications: which path for the journey to precision medicine? Br J Haematol 2014; 165:585-99. [PMID: 24593333 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Haemostatic and vascular biology mechanisms appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. Although low-dose aspirin (LDA) has a modest effect in preventing preeclampsia, antithrombotic interventions, LDA and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) have not definitively proven their effectiveness in women with placenta-mediated pregnancy complications selected by previous pregnancy outcome alone. Given the heterogeneous aetiology of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications, it is critical to stratify patients according to maternal and fetal characteristics and disease mechanisms rather than simply by pregnancy outcome, such as miscarriage. Such stratification could identify those who could benefit from antithrombotic interventions in pregnancy. We lack data on genome-wide association studies, biomarkers and trials of interventions applied to specific homogeneous populations. Future studies should focus on elaborating different disease mechanisms and examining antithrombotic interventions in specific and more homogeneous groups, such as thrombophilic women with well-characterized placenta-mediated pregnancy complications, stratified by disease severity and pathological findings. Because of fetal safety concerns with new anticoagulants, the intervention should focus on heparins alone or in combination with LDA. Thus, placenta-mediated pregnancy complications deserve precision medicine, defining disease by mechanism rather than outcome with interventions focused on a more personalized approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Greer
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Davila M, Robles-Carrillo L, Unruh D, Huo Q, Gardiner C, Sargent IL, Adam M, Woodhams BJ, Francis JL, Bogdanov VY, Amirkhosravi A. Microparticle association and heterogeneity of tumor-derived tissue factor in plasma: is it important for coagulation activation? J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12:186-96. [PMID: 24298933 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-derived tissue factor (TF) activates coagulation in vitro and in vivo in an orthotopic model of human pancreatic cancer. Here, we further characterized tumor-derived TF in this model. METHODS Conditioned medium (CM) of L3.6pl human pancreatic tumor cells and plasma from nude mice bearing L3.6pl tumors were ultracentrifuged, and the pellets were filtered through membranes with different pore sizes. The size distribution of particles was analyzed in CM or plasma fractions with nanoparticle tracking and dynamic light scattering. Human TF antigen and activity were measured in pellets and supernatants with ELISA and clotting or thrombin generation assays, respectively. Human alternatively spliced TF (asTF) was measured with ELISA. Human TF and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) concentrations were assessed in plasma of mice injected with filtered fractions of CM. RESULTS Particles in both CM and plasma were < 0.4 μm. TF antigen and activity in the CM were mainly associated with microparticles (MP). Approximately 50% of antigen and 20% of activity were associated with particles of < 0.1 μm. Injection of < 0.1 μm particles into mice caused a 30% drop in platelet counts and an increase in TAT levels. In contrast, ~ 90% of TF antigen in tumor-bearing mice plasmas was non-sedimentable, whereas TF activity was exclusively associated with MP. Particles of < 0.1 μm and the supernatants of both CM and plasma gained TF activity after addition of exogenous phospholipids. Although asTF was found in MP-free CM supernatants, it was also present in CM and plasma pellets. CONCLUSIONS Tumor-derived particles of < 0.1 μm and non-sedimentable TF are or can become procoagulant in the presence of phospholipids, and may contribute to the procoagulant potential of circulating TF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Davila
- Florida Hospital Center for Thrombosis Research, Orlando, FL, USA
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Darbousset R, Mezouar S, Dignat-George F, Panicot-Dubois L, Dubois C. Involvement of neutrophils in thrombus formation in living mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 62:1-9. [PMID: 24485849 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Thrombosis is one of the major causes of human death worldwide. Identification of the cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to thrombus formation is thus crucial for the understanding of the thrombotic process. To examine thrombus formation in a living mouse, new technologies have been developed. Digital intravital microscopy allows to visualize the development of thrombosis and generation of fibrin in real-time within living animal in a physiological context. This specific system allowed the identification of new cellular partners involved in platelet adhesion and activation. Furthermore, it improved, especially, the knowledge of the early phase of thrombus formation and fibrin generation in vivo. Until now, platelets used to be considered the sole central player in thrombus generation. However, recently, it has been demonstrated that leukocytes, particularly neutrophils, play a crucial role in the activation of the blood coagulation cascade leading to thrombosis. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms leading to thrombus formation in the microcirculation according to the method of injury in mice with a special focus on the new identified roles of neutrophils in this process.
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