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Picker SM, Parker G, Gissen P. Features of Congenital Arthrogryposis Due to Abnormalities in Collagen Homeostasis, a Scoping Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13545. [PMID: 37686358 PMCID: PMC10487887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital arthrogryposis (CA) refers to the presence of multiple contractures at birth. It is a feature of several inherited syndromes, notable amongst them are disorders of collagen formation. This review aims to characterize disorders that directly or indirectly impact collagen structure and function leading to CA in search for common phenotypic or pathophysiological features, possible genotype-phenotype correlation, and potential novel treatment approaches based on a better understanding of the underlying pathomechanism. Nine genes, corresponding to five clinical phenotypes, were identified after a literature search. The most notable trend was the extreme phenotype variability. Clinical features across all syndromes ranged from subtle with minimal congenital contractures, to severe with multiple congenital contractures and extra-articular features including skin, respiratory, or other manifestations. Five of the identified genes were involved in the function of the Lysyl Hydroxylase 2 or 3 enzymes, which enable the hydroxylation and/or glycosylation of lysyl residues to allow the formation of the collagen superstructure. Whilst current treatment approaches are post-natal surgical correction, there are also potential in-utero therapies being developed. Cyclosporin A showed promise in treating collagen VI disorders although there is an associated risk of immunosuppression. The treatments that could be in the clinical trials soon are the splice correction therapies in collagen VI-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George Parker
- Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK;
| | - Paul Gissen
- National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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2
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Kapustin A, Tsakali SS, Whitehead M, Chennell G, Wu MY, Molenaar C, Kutikhin A, Bogdanov L, Sinitsky M, Rubina K, Clayton A, Verweij FJ, Pegtel DM, Zingaro S, Lobov A, Zainullina B, Owen D, Parsons M, Cheney RE, Warren D, Humphries MJ, Iskratsch T, Holt M, Shanahan CM. Extracellular vesicles stimulate smooth muscle cell migration by presenting collagen VI. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.17.551257. [PMID: 37645762 PMCID: PMC10462164 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.17.551257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) supports blood vessel architecture and functionality and undergoes active remodelling during vascular repair and atherogenesis. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are essential for vessel repair and, via their secretome, are able to invade from the vessel media into the intima to mediate ECM remodelling. Accumulation of fibronectin (FN) is a hallmark of early vascular repair and atherosclerosis and here we show that FN stimulates VSMCs to secrete small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) by activating the β1 integrin/FAK/Src pathway as well as Arp2/3-dependent branching of the actin cytoskeleton. Spatially, sEV were secreted via filopodia-like cellular protrusions at the leading edge of migrating cells. We found that sEVs are trapped by the ECM in vitro and colocalise with FN in symptomatic atherosclerotic plaques in vivo. Functionally, ECM-trapped sEVs induced the formation of focal adhesions (FA) with enhanced pulling forces at the cellular periphery. Proteomic and GO pathway analysis revealed that VSMC-derived sEVs display a cell adhesion signature and are specifically enriched with collagen VI. In vitro assays identified collagen VI as playing the key role in cell adhesion and invasion. Taken together our data suggests that the accumulation of FN is a key early event in vessel repair acting to promote secretion of collage VI enriched sEVs by VSMCs. These sEVs stimulate migration and invasion by triggering peripheral focal adhesion formation and actomyosin contraction to exert sufficient traction forces to enable VSMC movement within the complex vascular ECM network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kapustin
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK, Tel. 020 7848 5221, FAX 020 7848 5193
| | - Sofia Serena Tsakali
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK, Tel. 020 7848 5221, FAX 020 7848 5193
| | - Meredith Whitehead
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK, Tel. 020 7848 5221, FAX 020 7848 5193
| | - George Chennell
- Wohl Cellular Imaging Centre, King’s College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9NU
| | - Meng-Ying Wu
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK, Tel. 020 7848 5221, FAX 020 7848 5193
| | - Chris Molenaar
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK, Tel. 020 7848 5221, FAX 020 7848 5193
| | - Anton Kutikhin
- Laboratory for Molecular, Translational and Digital Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, Kemerovo, 650002, Russian Federation
| | - Leo Bogdanov
- Laboratory for Molecular, Translational and Digital Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, Kemerovo, 650002, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim Sinitsky
- Laboratory for Molecular, Translational and Digital Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, Kemerovo, 650002, Russian Federation
| | - Kseniya Rubina
- Laboratory of Morphogenesis and Tissue Reparation, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky av. 27-1, Moscow, 119991, Russia, tel/fax +74959329904
| | - Aled Clayton
- Tissue Microenvironment Research Group, Division of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Tenovus Building, Cardiff, UK, CF14 2XN
| | - Frederik J Verweij
- Division of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Biophysics, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Michiel Pegtel
- Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simona Zingaro
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - Arseniy Lobov
- Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretskiy Prospekt, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Bozhana Zainullina
- Centre for Molecular and Cell Technologies, Research Park, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dylan Owen
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, School of Mathematics and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - Richard E. Cheney
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Derek Warren
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK, NR4 7TJ
| | - Martin James Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Iskratsch
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, Engineering Building, Mile End Road, E1 4NS
| | - Mark Holt
- Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK, Tel. 020 7848 5221, FAX 020 7848 5193
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3
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KWONG AKY, ZHANG Y, HO RSL, GAO Y, LING X, TSANG MHY, LUK HM, CHUNG BHY, BÖNNEMANN CG, JAVED A, CHAN SHS. COLLAGEN VI-RELATED MYOPATHIES: CLINICAL VARIABILITY, PHENOTYPE-GENOTYPE CORRELATION AND EXPLORATORY TRANSCRIPTOME STUDY. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:371-381. [PMID: 37023487 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Collagen VI-related myopathies are a group of disorders that cause muscle weakness and joint contractures with significant variability in disease severity among patients. Here we report the clinical and genetic characteristics of 13 Chinese patients. Detailed histological, radiological and muscle transcriptomic evaluations were also conducted for selected representative patients. Across the cohort, fifteen putative disease causal variants were identified in three genes encoding collagen VI subunits, COL6A1 (n=6), COL6A2 (n=5), and COL6A3 (n=4). Most of these variants (12/15, 80%) were dominant negative and occurred at the triple helical domain. The rest (3/15, 20%) were located at the C-terminus. Two previously unreported variants, an in-frame mutation (COL6A1:c.1084_1092del) and a missense mutation (COL6A2:c.811G>C), were also noted. The transcriptome data from the muscle biopsies of two patients in the study with dominant negative mutations [COL6A2:c.811G>C and COL6A1:c.930+189C>T] supports the accepted aetiology of Collagen VI myopathy as dysfunction of the extracellular matrix. It also suggests there are perturbations to skeletal muscle differentiation and skeletal system development. It should be noted that although the phenotypes of patients can be mostly explained by the position and dominant-negative effect of the variants, exceptions and variability still exist and have to be reckoned with. This study provides valuable data explaining the varying severity of phenotypes among ethnically Chinese patients.
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4
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Saito Y, Baba S, Komaki H, Nishino I. A 7-year-old female with hypotonia and scoliosis. Brain Pathol 2022; 32:e13076. [PMID: 35665974 PMCID: PMC9616082 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Saito
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Genome Analysis, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Child Neurology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shimpei Baba
- Department of Child Neurology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Komaki
- Department of Child Neurology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Genome Analysis, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Masri AT, Oweis L, Qudah AA, El-Shanti H. Congenital muscle dystrophies: Role of singleton whole exome sequencing in countries with limited resources. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 217:107271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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6
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Takenaka-Ninagawa N, Kim J, Zhao M, Sato M, Jonouchi T, Goto M, Yoshioka CKB, Ikeda R, Harada A, Sato T, Ikeya M, Uezumi A, Nakatani M, Noguchi S, Sakurai H. Collagen-VI supplementation by cell transplantation improves muscle regeneration in Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy model mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:446. [PMID: 34372931 PMCID: PMC8351132 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) function as supportive cells on skeletal muscle homeostasis through several secretory factors including type 6 collagen (COL6). Several mutations of COL6A1, 2, and 3 genes cause Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD). Skeletal muscle regeneration deficiency has been reported as a characteristic phenotype in muscle biopsy samples of human UCMD patients and UCMD model mice. However, little is known about the COL6-dependent mechanism for the occurrence and progression of the deficiency. The purpose of this study was to clarify the pathological mechanism of UCMD by supplementing COL6 through cell transplantation. Methods To test whether COL6 supplementation has a therapeutic effect for UCMD, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted using four types of MSCs: (1) healthy donors derived-primary MSCs (pMSCs), (2) MSCs derived from healthy donor induced pluripotent stem cell (iMSCs), (3) COL6-knockout iMSCs (COL6KO-iMSCs), and (4) UCMD patient-derived iMSCs (UCMD-iMSCs). Results All four MSC types could engraft for at least 12 weeks when transplanted into the tibialis anterior muscles of immunodeficient UCMD model (Col6a1KO) mice. COL6 protein was restored by the MSC transplantation if the MSCs were not COL6-deficient (types 1 and 2). Moreover, muscle regeneration and maturation in Col6a1KO mice were promoted with the transplantation of the COL6-producing MSCs only in the region supplemented with COL6. Skeletal muscle satellite cells derived from UCMD model mice (Col6a1KO-MuSCs) co-cultured with type 1 or 2 MSCs showed improved proliferation, differentiation, and maturation, whereas those co-cultured with type 3 or 4 MSCs did not. Conclusions These findings indicate that COL6 supplementation improves muscle regeneration and maturation in UCMD model mice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02514-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Takenaka-Ninagawa
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Jinsol Kim
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masae Sato
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Jonouchi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Megumi Goto
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Clémence Kiho Bourgeois Yoshioka
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Rukia Ikeda
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Aya Harada
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takahiko Sato
- Department of Anatomy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Makoto Ikeya
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Uezumi
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Research Team for Geriatric Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Masashi Nakatani
- Division for Therapies against Intractable Diseases, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science (ICMS), Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Satoru Noguchi
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Clinical Development, Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8551, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Sakurai
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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Li JY, Liu SZ, Zheng DF, Zhang YS, Yu M. Collagen VI-related myopathy with scoliosis alone: A case report and literature review. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:5302-5312. [PMID: 34307582 PMCID: PMC8283577 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i19.5302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scoliosis is a complex three-dimensional deformity of spine and one of the common complications of collagen VI-related myopathy, caused by mutations in collagen type VI alpha 1 chain (COL6A1), COL6A2, and COL6A3 genes. The typical clinical presentations of collagen VI-related myopathy include weakness, hypotonia, laxity of distal joints, contractures of proximal joints, and skeletal deformities.
CASE SUMMARY A 28-year-old female presented with scoliosis for 28 years without weakness, hypotonia, laxity of distal joints, and contracture of proximal joints. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed hemivertebra, butterfly vertebra, and the missing vertebral space. Patients underwent orthopedic surgery and paravertebral muscle biopsy. The Cobb angle dropped from 103.4° to 52.9°. However, the muscle biopsy showed neurogenic muscular atrophy with myogenic lesions, suggesting congenital muscular dystrophy. Gene analysis indicated that mutations in COL6A1 (c.1612-10G>A) and COL6A2 (c.115+10G>T, c.2749G>A). Immunohistochemistry staining for collagen VI displayed shallow and discontinuous. Eventually, the patient was diagnosed as collagen VI-related myopathy.
CONCLUSION This newly found subtype of collagen VI-related myopathy has no typical manifestations; however, it is characterized by severe scoliosis and congenital vertebral deformity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yu Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuo-Zi Liu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dan-Feng Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying-Shuang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
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Inoue M, Saito Y, Yonekawa T, Ogawa M, Iida A, Nishino I, Noguchi S. Causative variant profile of collagen VI-related dystrophy in Japan. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:284. [PMID: 34167565 PMCID: PMC8223365 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01921-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagen VI-related dystrophy spans a clinical continuum from severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy to milder Bethlem myopathy. This disease is caused by causative variants in COL6A1, COL6A2, or COL6A3. Most reported causative variants are de novo; therefore, to identify possible associated causative variants, comprehensive large cohort studies are required for different ethnicities. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed clinical information, muscle histology, and genetic analyses from 147 Japanese patients representing 130 families, whose samples were sent for diagnosis to the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry between July 1979 and January 2020. Genetic analyses were conducted by gene-based resequencing, targeted panel resequencing, and whole exome sequencing, in combination with cDNA analysis. RESULTS Of a total of 130 families with 1-5 members with collagen VI-related dystrophy, 120 had mono-allelic and 10 had bi-allelic variants in COL6A1, COL6A2, or COL6A3. Among them, 60 variants were in COL6A1, 57 in COL6A2, and 23 in COL6A3, including 37 novel variants. Mono-allelic variants were classified into four groups: missense (69, 58%), splicing (40, 33%), small in-frame deletion (7, 6%), and large genomic deletion (4, 3%). Variants in the triple helical domains accounted for 88% (105/120) of all mono-allelic variants. CONCLUSIONS We report the causative variant profile of a large set of Japanese cases of collagen VI-related dystrophy. This dataset can be used as a reference to support genetic diagnosis and variant-specific treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Inoue
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.,Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.,Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yonekawa
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Megumu Ogawa
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Aritoshi Iida
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.,Department of Clinical Genome Analysis, Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.,Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Genome Analysis, Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Noguchi
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
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9
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Podvin S, Jones A, Liu Q, Aulston B, Mosier C, Ames J, Winston C, Lietz CB, Jiang Z, O’Donoghue AJ, Ikezu T, Rissman RA, Yuan SH, Hook V. Mutant Presenilin 1 Dysregulates Exosomal Proteome Cargo Produced by Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Neurons. ACS Omega 2021; 6:13033-13056. [PMID: 34056454 PMCID: PMC8158845 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation and propagation of hyperphosphorylated tau (p-Tau) is a neuropathological hallmark occurring with neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Extracellular vesicles, exosomes, have been shown to initiate tau propagation in the brain. Notably, exosomes from human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) neurons expressing the AD familial A246E mutant form of presenilin 1 (mPS1) are capable of inducing tau deposits in the mouse brain after in vivo injection. To gain insights into the exosome proteome cargo that participates in propagating tau pathology, this study conducted proteomic analysis of exosomes produced by human iPSC neurons expressing A246E mPS1. Significantly, mPS1 altered the profile of exosome cargo proteins to result in (1) proteins present only in mPS1 exosomes and not in controls, (2) the absence of proteins in the mPS1 exosomes which were present only in controls, and (3) shared proteins which were upregulated or downregulated in the mPS1 exosomes compared to controls. These results show that mPS1 dysregulates the proteome cargo of exosomes to result in the acquisition of proteins involved in the extracellular matrix and protease functions, deletion of proteins involved in RNA and protein translation systems along with proteasome and related functions, combined with the upregulation and downregulation of shared proteins, including the upregulation of amyloid precursor protein. Notably, mPS1 neuron-derived exosomes displayed altered profiles of protein phosphatases and kinases involved in regulating the status of p-tau. The dysregulation of exosome cargo proteins by mPS1 may be associated with the ability of mPS1 neuron-derived exosomes to propagate tau pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Podvin
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego,
La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Alexander Jones
- Biomedical
Sciences Graduate Program, University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Qing Liu
- Department
of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Brent Aulston
- Department
of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Charles Mosier
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego,
La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Janneca Ames
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego,
La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Charisse Winston
- Department
of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Christopher B. Lietz
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego,
La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Zhenze Jiang
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego,
La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Anthony J. O’Donoghue
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego,
La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Tsuneya Ikezu
- Department
of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology,
Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston 02118, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Robert A. Rissman
- Department
of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
- Veterans
Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,
La Jolla, San Diego 92161, California, United States
| | - Shauna H. Yuan
- Department
of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
| | - Vivian Hook
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego,
La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
- Biomedical
Sciences Graduate Program, University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
- Department
of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego 92093, California, United States
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10
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Faldini C, Viroli G, Fiore M, Barile F, Manzetti M, Merlini L, Ruffilli A. Surgical treatment of scoliosis in Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy: a case series of 3 patients. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2021; 10:75-80. [PMID: 33996351 PMCID: PMC8122316 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2020.03162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Scoliosis in Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (UCMD) is very common, with a reported incidence of more than 50%, and it is rapidly progressive. There are no previous studies which specifically focus on scoliosis surgery in UCMD patients. This article reports three cases of scoliosis surgery in UCMD, focusing on operative course, clinical and radiological results achieved, fusion area and complications, with a 2-year follow-up. The surgical technique adopted for vertebral arthrodesis included: high-density pedicle screw systems, asymmetric rods contouring and direct vertebral rotation. The summary results shown a significative correction of the coronal deformity, with a reduction of the mean Cobb angle from 49° to 25° post-operatively. Mean pelvic tilt remained stable, while L5-tilt showed a decrease from 10° to 6°. Mean screw density was 1.92. None of the patients required extended fixation to S2. No major complications were reported, and patients maintained their pre-operative walking ability. All the patients reported a subjective improvement in quality of life, with a better sitting comfort. In conclusion, posterior spinal fusion with high-density pedicle screw systems and direct vertebral rotation may be safe and effective in surgical correction of scoliosis in UCMD. If pelvic obliquity and L5-tilt are less than 15°, could be possible to achieve an optimal spinal and pelvic balance even without sacral or pelvic fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Faldini
- 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Viroli
- 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Fiore
- 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), Bologna, Italy
- Address correspondence to:Michele Fiore, 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), via G. C. Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy. E-mail:
| | - Francesca Barile
- 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Manzetti
- 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Luciano Merlini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Ruffilli
- 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), Bologna, Italy
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11
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Bazrafshan S, Kushlaf H, Kakroo M, Quinlan J, Becker RC, Sadayappan S. Genetic Modifiers of Hereditary Neuromuscular Disorders and Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020349. [PMID: 33567613 PMCID: PMC7915259 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel genetic variants exist in patients with hereditary neuromuscular disorders (NMD), including muscular dystrophy. These patients also develop cardiac manifestations. However, the association between these gene variants and cardiac abnormalities is understudied. To determine genetic modifiers and features of cardiac disease in NMD patients, we have reviewed electronic medical records of 651 patients referred to the Muscular Dystrophy Association Care Center at the University of Cincinnati and characterized the clinical phenotype of 14 patients correlating with their next-generation sequencing data. The data were retrieved from the electronic medical records of the 14 patients included in the current study and comprised neurologic and cardiac phenotype and genetic reports which included comparative genomic hybridization array and NGS. Novel associations were uncovered in the following eight patients diagnosed with Limb-girdle Muscular Dystrophy, Bethlem Myopathy, Necrotizing Myopathy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Peripheral Polyneuropathy, and Valosin-containing Protein-related Myopathy. Mutations in COL6A1, COL6A3, SGCA, SYNE1, FKTN, PLEKHG5, ANO5, and SMCHD1 genes were the most common, and the associated cardiac features included bundle branch blocks, ventricular chamber dilation, septal thickening, and increased outflow track gradients. Our observations suggest that features of cardiac disease and modifying gene mutations in patients with NMD require further investigation to better characterize genotype–phenotype relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sholeh Bazrafshan
- Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (S.B.); (M.K.); (R.C.B.)
| | - Hani Kushlaf
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Neuromuscular Center, University of Cincinnati Gardner Neuroscience Institute, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (H.K.); (J.Q.)
| | - Mashhood Kakroo
- Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (S.B.); (M.K.); (R.C.B.)
| | - John Quinlan
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Neuromuscular Center, University of Cincinnati Gardner Neuroscience Institute, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (H.K.); (J.Q.)
| | - Richard C. Becker
- Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (S.B.); (M.K.); (R.C.B.)
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (S.B.); (M.K.); (R.C.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-513-558-7498
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12
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Natera-de Benito D, Foley AR, Domínguez-González C, Ortez C, Jain M, Mebrahtu A, Donkervoort S, Hu Y, Fink M, Yun P, Ogata T, Medina J, Vigo M, Meilleur KG, Leach ME, Dastgir J, Díaz-Manera J, Carrera-García L, Expósito-Escudero J, Alarcon M, Cuadras D, Montiel-Morillo E, Milisenda JC, Dominguez-Rubio R, Olivé M, Colomer J, Jou C, Jimenez-Mallebrera C, Bönnemann CG, Nascimento A. Association of Initial Maximal Motor Ability With Long-term Functional Outcome in Patients With COL6-Related Dystrophies. Neurology 2021; 96:e1413-e1424. [PMID: 33441455 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000011499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To accurately categorize the phenotypes of individuals with collagen VI-related dystrophies (COL6-RDs) during the first years of life to predict long-term motor function and pulmonary function, to provide phenotype-specific anticipatory care, and to improve clinical trial readiness. METHODS This retrospective, multicenter, international study analyzed the relationship of long-term motor and pulmonary function with the initial maximal motor ability achieved in individuals with COL6-RD. RESULTS We studied 119 patients with COL6-RD from Spain (n = 54) and the United States (n = 65). The early maximal motor milestones of ability to rise from the floor unassisted and ability to climb 4 steps without holding onto a railing demonstrated reliability in distinguishing between 3 COL6-RD phenotypic subgroups: (1) Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, (2) intermediate COL6-RD, and (3) Bethlem myopathy. Long-term motor function and pulmonary function are strongly correlated with the maximal motor ability achieved during the first years of life. Maximal motor capacity can predict other disease-relevant events such as the age at loss of ambulation and the need for the initiation of nocturnal noninvasive ventilation. CONCLUSION This work proposes a prospective phenotypic classification for COL6-RDs that will enable an accurate prediction of a patient's COL6-RD phenotype during the first years of life. The ability to establish a patient's COL6-RD phenotypic classification early will enable a more accurate prognosis of future motor and pulmonary function, thus improving anticipatory clinical care, and it will be instrumental in aiding the design of future clinical trials by allowing early stratification of trial cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Natera-de Benito
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Reghan Foley
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Domínguez-González
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Ortez
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Minal Jain
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aron Mebrahtu
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Donkervoort
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ying Hu
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margaret Fink
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pomi Yun
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tracy Ogata
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julita Medina
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Vigo
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katherine G Meilleur
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meganne E Leach
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jahannaz Dastgir
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Díaz-Manera
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Carrera-García
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jessica Expósito-Escudero
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Macarena Alarcon
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Cuadras
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Montiel-Morillo
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José C Milisenda
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul Dominguez-Rubio
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Olivé
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Colomer
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Jou
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jimenez-Mallebrera
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andres Nascimento
- From the Neuromuscular Unit (D.N.-d.B., C.O., L.C.-G., J.E.-E., M.A., J.C., C.J., C.J.-M., A.N.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (A.R.F., S.D., Y.H., M.F., P.Y., T.O., M.E.L., J.D., C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rehabilitation Medicine Department (M.J., A.M.), Clinical Research Center, and Neuromuscular Symptoms Unit (K.G.M.), Tissue Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (C.D.-G., E.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Research Institute (imas12), Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (J.M., M.V.), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (J.D.-M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Statistics Department (D.C.), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu; Department of Internal Medicine (J.C.M.), Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERER, Villarroel 170; Neuropathology Unit (R.D.-R., M.O.), Department of Pathology and Neuromuscular Unit, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Pathology (C.J.), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Bardakov SN, Deev RV, Magomedova RM, Umakhanova ZR, Allamand V, Gartioux C, Zulfugarov KZ, Akhmedova PG, Tsargush VA, Titova AA, Mavlikeev MO, Zorin VL, Chernets EN, Dalgatov GD, Konovalov FA, Isaev AA. Intrafamilial Phenotypic Variability of Collagen VI-Related Myopathy Due to a New Mutation in the COL6A1 Gene. J Neuromuscul Dis 2020; 8:273-285. [PMID: 33337382 PMCID: PMC8075389 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-200476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A family of five male siblings (three survivors at 48, 53 and 58 years old; two deceased at 8 months old and 2.5 years old) demonstrating significant phenotypic variability ranging from intermediate to the myosclerotic like Bethlem myopathy is presented. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) identified a new homozygous missense mutation chr21:47402679 T > C in the canonical splice donor site of the second intron (c.227 + 2T>C) in the COL6A1 gene. mRNA analysis confirmed skipping of exon 2 encoding 925 amino-acids in 94–95% of resulting transcripts. Three sibs presented with intermediate phenotype of collagen VI-related dystrophies (48, 53 and 2.5 years old) while the fourth sibling (58 years old) was classified as Bethlem myopathy with spine rigidity. The two older siblings with the moderate progressive phenotype (48 and 53 years old) lost their ability to maintain a vertical posture caused by pronounced contractures of large joints, but continued to ambulate throughout life on fully bent legs without auxiliary means of support. Immunofluorescence analysis of dermal fibroblasts demonstrated that no type VI collagen was secreted in any of the siblings’ cells, regardless of clinical manifestations severity while fibroblast proliferation and colony formation ability was decreased. The detailed genetic and long term clinical data contribute to broadening the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of COL6A1 related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman V Deev
- Human Stem Cells Institute, Moscow, Russia.,I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Valérie Allamand
- Sorbonne Université UPMC Paris 06 -Inserm UMRS974, Research Center in Myology, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Corine Gartioux
- Sorbonne Université UPMC Paris 06 -Inserm UMRS974, Research Center in Myology, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Angelina A Titova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Mikhail O Mavlikeev
- I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Gimat D Dalgatov
- Scientific-Clinical Center of Otorhinolaryngology FMBA of Russia Moscow, Russia
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14
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Mhatre R, Sekar D, Ponmalar J, Nagappa M, Veeramani PK, Polavarapu K, Vengalil S, Atchayaram N, Narayanappa G. Utility of Immunohistochemistry and Western Blot in Profiling Clinically Suspected Cases of Congenital Muscular Dystrophy. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2020; 24:198-203. [PMID: 34220063 PMCID: PMC8232506 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_18_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Immunocharacterization of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) to determine the frequency of various subtypes in a large Indian Cohort. Materials and Methods: This retrospective (2014-2017) study was carried on muscle biopsies of clinically suspected cases of CMD with histological evidence of dystrophy/myopathic features. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) to antibodies against laminin (α2, α5,β1,γ1), Collagen-VI (A1,2,3), and Western blot (WB) for α-dystroglycan and POMT1 was performed. Results: The study included 57 cases, of which 15 cases (26.3%) had mean age at presentation of 3.5 years, M: F = 1.5:1, elevated creatinine kinase (CK) (mean 1657 U/L), global developmental delay, multiple contractures, abnormal facies, white matter hyperintensities and showed laminin-α2 deficiency (Merosin deficient CMD). In addition, secondary reduction in laminin-β1, over-expression of laminin-α5, and preserved laminin-γ1 was noted. Ullrich CMD constituted 11/57 cases (19.2%) with mean age at presentation of 5.3 years, M: F = 1.2:1 and normal CK. They presented with proximal muscle weakness, soft velvety palms and soles, contractures, and joint hyperextensibility. Collagen-VI (A1,2,3) showed either complete (n = 3) or sarcolemmal specific (n = 8) loss of staining. Out of the remaining 31 cases, WB for α-dystroglycan was performed in 17 cases which showed deficiency in seven (12.3%). Three of these in addition revealed secondary partial loss of laminin-α2. WB for POMT1 showed deficiency in a single case clinically diagnosed Walker–Warburg syndrome, who presented with seizures and classical features of pachygyria, lissencephaly, and cerebellar cyst on MRI. Twenty-four cases (42.2%) remained uncharacterized and need genetic evaluation. Conclusion: The study helped in characterizing 57.8% of the proband. Immunotyping helps to direct mutational analysis for targeted genes and offers a potential route for prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Mhatre
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Deepha Sekar
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Jessiena Ponmalar
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Madhu Nagappa
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Kiran Polavarapu
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Seena Vengalil
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Nalini Atchayaram
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Gayathri Narayanappa
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Congenital muscular dystrophies and congenital myopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders resulting in hypotonia, muscle weakness, and dystrophic or myopathic features on muscle biopsy. This article summarizes the clinical and genetic aspects of these disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Historically, diagnoses of congenital muscular dystrophy and congenital myopathy have been made by clinical features and histopathology; however, recent advances in genetics have changed diagnostic practice by relying more heavily on genetic findings. This article reviews the clinical and genetic features of the most common congenital muscular dystrophies including laminin subunit alpha 2 (LAMA2)-related (merosin deficient), collagen VI-related, and α-dystroglycan-related congenital muscular dystrophies and reviews the most common congenital myopathies including nemaline rod, core, and centronuclear myopathies. With the increasing accessibility of genetic testing, the number of genes found to be associated with these disorders has increased dramatically. A wide spectrum of severity and onset (from birth to adulthood) exist across all subtypes. Progression and other features are variable depending on the subtype and severity of the specific genetic mutation. SUMMARY Congenital muscular dystrophy and congenital myopathy are increasingly recognized disorders. A growing appreciation for the breadth of phenotypic variability and overlap between established subtypes has challenged long-standing phenotypic and histopathologic classifications of these disorders but has driven a greater understanding of pathogenesis and opened the door to the development of novel treatments.
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16
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Stavusis J, Micule I, Wright NT, Straub V, Topf A, Panadés-de Oliveira L, Domínguez-González C, Inashkina I, Kidere D, Chrestian N, Lace B. Collagen VI-related limb-girdle syndrome caused by frequent mutation in COL6A3 gene with conflicting reports of pathogenicity. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 30:483-491. [PMID: 32448721 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently the scientific community has started to view Bethlem myopathy 1 and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy as two extremes of a collagen VI-related myopathy spectrum rather than two separate entities, as both are caused by mutations in one of the collagen VI genes. Here we report three individuals in two families who are homozygous for a COL6A3 mutation (c.7447A> G; p.Lys2483Glu), and compare their clinical features with seven previously published cases. Individuals carrying homozygous or compound heterozygous c.7447A> G, (p.Lys2483Glu) mutation exhibit mild phenotype without loss of ambulation, similar to the cases described previously as Collagen VI-related limb-girdle syndrome. The phenotype could arise due to an aberrant assembly of Von Willebrand factor A domains. Based on these data, we propose that c.7447A> G, (p.Lys2483Glu) is a common pathogenic mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Stavusis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia.
| | - Ieva Micule
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Nathan T Wright
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, United States
| | - Volker Straub
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ana Topf
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Luísa Panadés-de Oliveira
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Av. de Córdoba, s/n, 28,041, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Inna Inashkina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Dita Kidere
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Nicolas Chrestian
- Child neurology department, CHUQ, Laval University, 2325 Rue de l'Université, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Baiba Lace
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia; Medical Genetics department, CHUQ, 2705 Blvd Laurier, Quebec City, Canada
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17
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Zanoteli E, Soares PS, Silva AMSD, Camelo CG, Fonseca ATQSM, Albuquerque MAV, Moreno CAM, Lopes Abath Neto O, Novo Filho GM, Kulikowski LD, Reed UC. Clinical features of collagen VI-related dystrophies: A large Brazilian cohort. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020; 192:105734. [PMID: 32065942 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.105734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Collagen VI-related dystrophies (COL6-RDs) have a broad clinical spectrum and are caused by mutations in the COL6A1, COL6A2 and COL6A3 genes. Despite the clinical variability, two phenotypes are classically recognized: Bethlem myopathy (BM, milder form) and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD, more severe form), with many patients presenting an intermediate phenotype. In this work, we present clinical and genetic data from 28 patients (27 families), aged 6-38 years (mean of 16.96 years), with COL6-RDs. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical, muscle histology and genetic data are presented. COL6A1, COL6A2 and COL6A3 genes were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). RESULTS Homozygous or heterozygous variants were found in COL6A1 (12 families), COL6A2 (12 families) and COL6A3 (3 families). Patients with the severe UCMD phenotype (three cases) had a homogeneous clinical picture characterized by neonatal onset of manifestations, no gait acquisition and a stable course, but with severe respiratory involvement. Most of the patients with the mild UCMD phenotype had neonatal onset of manifestations (88.8 %), delayed motor development (66.6 %), slowly progressive course, pulmonary involvement (55.5 %) and loss of the walking capacity before the age of 10 (66.6 %). In the intermediate group (nine patients), some children had neonatal onset of manifestations (44.5 %) and delayed motor development (88.9 %); but all of them achieved the ability to walk and were still ambulatory. Some patients that had the BM phenotype presented neonatal manifestations (57.1 %); however, all of them had normal motor development and normal pulmonary function. Only one patient from the group of BM lost the walking capacity during the evolution of the disease. Other frequent findings observed in all groups were joint retractions, spinal deformities, distal hyperextensibility, congenital hip dislocation and keloid formation. CONCLUSION COL6-RDs present variable clinical manifestations, but common findings are helpful for the clinical suspicion. NGS is a valuable approach for diagnosis, providing useful information for the genetic counseling of families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmar Zanoteli
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Priscilla Souza Soares
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Clara Gontijo Camelo
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Osório Lopes Abath Neto
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gil Monteiro Novo Filho
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Umbertina Conti Reed
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Ge L, Zhang C, Wang Z, Chan SHS, Zhu W, Han C, Zhang X, Zheng H, Wu L, Jin B, Shan J, Mao B, Zhong J, Peng X, Cheng Y, Hu J, Sun Y, Lu J, Hua Y, Zhu S, Wei C, Wang S, Jiao H, Yang H, Fu X, Fan Y, Chang X, Wang S, Bao X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Wu Y, Jiang Y, Yuan Y, Rutkowski A, Bönnemann CG, Wei W, Wu X, Xiong H. Congenital muscular dystrophies in China. Clin Genet 2019; 96:207-215. [PMID: 31066047 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous conditions. We launched a nationwide study to determine the frequency of CMD in the Chinese population and assess the status of diagnosis and disease management for CMD in China. Cases were chosen from databases in 34 tertiary academic hospitals from 29 first-level administrative divisions (provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions, and special administrative regions), and medical records were reviewed to confirm the diagnoses. The study included 409 patients, of those patients who consented to genetic testing (n = 340), mutations were identified in 286 of them. The most common forms identified were LAMA2-related CMD (36.4%), followed by COL6-related CMD (23.2%) and α-dystroglycanopathy (21.0%). The forms of CMD related to mutations in LMNA and SEPN1 were less frequent (12.5% and 2.4%, respectively). We also recorded a significant difference in the diagnostic capabilities and disease management of CMD, with this being relatively backward in research centers from less developed regions. We provide, for the first time, comprehensive epidemiologic information of CMD in a large cohort of Chinese people. To our knowledge, this is the largest sample size of its kind so far highlighting the prevalence of CMD in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ge
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sophelia H S Chan
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxi Han
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liwen Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Jin
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingli Shan
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bing Mao
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianmin Zhong
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyin Peng
- Department of Neurology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics Children's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaying Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Junlan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Hua
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Sainan Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cuijie Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Jiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haipo Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbin Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingzhi Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingmin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Anne Rutkowski
- Kaiser Permanente SCPMG Cure CMD, Los Angeles, California
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wei Wei
- Beijing Kangso Medical Inspection Co., LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Xiru Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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19
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Kim SY, Kim WJ, Kim H, Choi SA, Lee JS, Cho A, Jang SS, Lim BC, Kim KJ, Kim JI, Hahn SH, Chae JH. Collagen VI-related myopathy: Expanding the clinical and genetic spectrum. Muscle Nerve 2019; 58:381-388. [PMID: 29406609 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to analyze the clinical and genetic characteristics of collagen VI-related myopathy. METHODS We analyzed the clinical course and mutation spectrum in patients with collagen VI gene mutations among our congenital muscular dystrophy cohort. RESULTS Among 24 patients with mutations in collagen VI coding genes, 13 (54.2%) were categorized as Ullrich type, and 11 (45.8%) as non-Ullrich type. Congenital orthopedic problems were similarly observed in both types, yet multiple joint contractures were found only in the Ullrich type. Clinical courses and pathology findings varied between patients. Mutations in COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 were found in 15 (65%), 3 (13%), and 5 (22%) patients, respectively, without genotype-phenotype association. Five novel variants were detected. DISCUSSION We verified clinical heterogeneity of collagen VI-related myopathy, which emphasizes the importance of genetic testing. Genotype-phenotype association or early predictors for progression were not identified. Multiple joint contractures predict rapid deterioration. Muscle Nerve 58: 381-388, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-744
| | - Woo Joong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-744
| | - Hyuna Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-744
| | - Sun Ah Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-744
| | - Jin Sook Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Genome Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Anna Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Song Jang
- Department of biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Chan Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-744
| | - Ki Joong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-744
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Si Houn Hahn
- Department of Genome Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jong-Hee Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehakro Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-744
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20
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Bolduc V, Foley AR, Solomon-Degefa H, Sarathy A, Donkervoort S, Hu Y, Chen GS, Sizov K, Nalls M, Zhou H, Aguti S, Cummings BB, Lek M, Tukiainen T, Marshall JL, Regev O, Marek-Yagel D, Sarkozy A, Butterfield RJ, Jou C, Jimenez-Mallebrera C, Li Y, Gartioux C, Mamchaoui K, Allamand V, Gualandi F, Ferlini A, Hanssen E, Wilton SD, Lamandé SR, MacArthur DG, Wagener R, Muntoni F, Bönnemann CG. A recurrent COL6A1 pseudoexon insertion causes muscular dystrophy and is effectively targeted by splice-correction therapies. JCI Insight 2019; 4:124403. [PMID: 30895940 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.124403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of advanced next-generation sequencing technologies is increasingly uncovering novel classes of mutations that may serve as potential targets for precision medicine therapeutics. Here, we show that a deep intronic splice defect in the COL6A1 gene, originally discovered by applying muscle RNA sequencing in patients with clinical findings of collagen VI-related dystrophy (COL6-RD), inserts an in-frame pseudoexon into COL6A1 mRNA, encodes a mutant collagen α1(VI) protein that exerts a dominant-negative effect on collagen VI matrix assembly, and provides a unique opportunity for splice-correction approaches aimed at restoring normal gene expression. Using splice-modulating antisense oligomers, we efficiently skipped the pseudoexon in patient-derived fibroblast cultures and restored a wild-type matrix. Similarly, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to precisely delete an intronic sequence containing the pseudoexon and efficiently abolish its inclusion while preserving wild-type splicing. Considering that this splice defect is emerging as one of the single most frequent mutations in COL6-RD, the design of specific and effective splice-correction therapies offers a promising path for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Bolduc
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Herimela Solomon-Degefa
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Apurva Sarathy
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sandra Donkervoort
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Grace S Chen
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Sizov
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew Nalls
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom.,Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Aguti
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Beryl B Cummings
- Analytical and Translation Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Monkol Lek
- Analytical and Translation Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Taru Tukiainen
- Analytical and Translation Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jamie L Marshall
- Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oded Regev
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Dina Marek-Yagel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Anna Sarkozy
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Russell J Butterfield
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Cristina Jou
- Pathology Department and Biobanc de l'Hospital Infantil Sant Joan de Déu per a la Investigació, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jimenez-Mallebrera
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERER (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yan Li
- Peptide/Protein Sequencing Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Corine Gartioux
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris, France
| | - Kamel Mamchaoui
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Allamand
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Paris, France
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferlini
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom.,Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eric Hanssen
- Bio21 Advanced Microscopy Facility, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Steve D Wilton
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Shireen R Lamandé
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Daniel G MacArthur
- Analytical and Translation Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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21
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Panadés-de Oliveira L, Rodríguez-López C, Cantero Montenegro D, Marcos Toledano MDM, Fernández-Marmiesse A, Esteban Pérez J, Hernández Lain A, Domínguez-González C. Bethlem myopathy: a series of 16 patients and description of seven new associated mutations. J Neurol 2019; 266:934-941. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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22
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Earle N, Bevilacqua JA. Distrofias musculares en el paciente adulto. Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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23
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Mohassel P, Foley AR, Bönnemann CG. Extracellular matrix-driven congenital muscular dystrophies. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:188-204. [PMID: 29933045 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle function relies on the myofibrillar apparatus inside myofibers as well as an intact extracellular matrix surrounding each myofiber. Muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) plays several roles including but not limited to force transmission, regulation of growth factors and inflammatory responses, and influencing muscle stem cell (i.e. satellite cell) proliferation and differentiation. In most myopathies, muscle ECM undergoes remodeling and fibrotic changes that may be maladaptive for normal muscle function and recovery. In addition, mutations in skeletal muscle ECM and basement proteins can cause muscle disease. In this review, we summarize the clinical features of two of the most common congenital muscular dystrophies, COL6-related dystrophies and LAMA2-related dystrophies, which are caused by mutations in muscle ECM and basement membrane proteins. The study of clinical features of these diseases has helped to inform basic research and understanding of the biology of muscle ECM. In return, basic studies of muscle ECM have provided the conceptual framework to develop therapeutic interventions for these and other similar disorders of muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Mohassel
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, United States of America
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, United States of America
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, United States of America.
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24
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Lamandé SR, Bateman JF. Collagen VI disorders: Insights on form and function in the extracellular matrix and beyond. Matrix Biol 2017; 71-72:348-367. [PMID: 29277723 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the three canonical collagen VI genes, COL6A1, COL6A2 and COL6A3, cause a spectrum of muscle disease from Bethlem myopathy at the mild end to the severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Mutations can be either dominant or recessive and the resulting clinical severity is influenced by the way mutations impact the complex collagen VI assembly process. Most mutations are found towards the N-terminus of the triple helical collagenous domain and compromise extracellular microfibril assembly. Outside the triple helix collagen VI is highly polymorphic and discriminating mutations from rare benign changes remains a major diagnostic challenge. Collagen VI deficiency alters extracellular matrix structure and biomechanical properties and leads to increased apoptosis and oxidative stress, decreased autophagy, and impaired muscle regeneration. Therapies that target these downstream consequences have been tested in a collagen VI null mouse and also in small human trials where they show modest clinical efficacy. An important role for collagen VI in obesity, cancer and diabetes is emerging. A major barrier to developing effective therapies is the paucity of information about how collagen VI deficiency in the extracellular matrix signals the final downstream consequences - the receptors involved and the intracellular messengers await further characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shireen R Lamandé
- Musculoskeletal Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.
| | - John F Bateman
- Musculoskeletal Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
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25
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Butterfield RJ, Dunn DM, Hu Y, Johnson K, Bönnemann CG, Weiss RB. Transcriptome profiling identifies regulators of pathogenesis in collagen VI related muscular dystrophy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189664. [PMID: 29244830 PMCID: PMC5731705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The collagen VI related muscular dystrophies (COL6-RD), Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) and Bethlem myopathy (BM) are among the most common congenital muscular dystrophies and are characterized by distal joint laxity and a combination of distal and proximal joint contractures. Inheritance can be dominant negative (DN) or recessive depending on the type and location of the mutation. DN mutations allow incorporation of abnormal chains into secreted tetramers and are the most commonly identified mutation type in COL6-RD. Null alleles (nonsense, frameshift, and large deletions) do not allow incorporation of abnormal chains and act recessively. To better define the pathways disrupted by mutations in collagen VI, we have used a transcriptional profiling approach with RNA-Seq to identify differentially expressed genes in COL6-RD individuals from controls. Methods RNA-Seq allows precise detection of all expressed transcripts in a sample and provides a tool for quantification of expression data on a genomic scale. We have used RNA-Seq to identify differentially expressed genes in cultured dermal fibroblasts from 13 COL6-RD individuals (8 dominant negative and 5 null) and 6 controls. To better assess the transcriptional changes induced by abnormal collagen VI in the extracellular matrix (ECM); we compared transcriptional profiles from subjects with DN mutations and subjects with null mutations to transcriptional profiles from controls. Results Differentially expressed transcripts between COL6-RD and control fibroblasts include upregulation of ECM components and downregulation of factors controlling matrix remodeling and repair. DN and null samples are differentiated by downregulation of genes involved with DNA replication and repair in null samples. Conclusions Differentially expressed genes identified here may help identify new targets for development of therapies and biomarkers to assess the efficacy of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell J. Butterfield
- University of Utah, Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Diane M. Dunn
- University of Utah, Department of Human Genetics, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Ying Hu
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kory Johnson
- Bioinformatics section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carsten G. Bönnemann
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robert B. Weiss
- University of Utah, Department of Human Genetics, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
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26
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D'Amico A, Fattori F, Tasca G, Petrini S, Gualandi F, Bruselles A, D'Oria V, Verardo M, Carrozzo R, Niceta M, Udd B, Ferlini A, Tartaglia M, Bertini E. Somatic mosaicism represents an underestimated event underlying collagen 6-related disorders. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2017; 21:873-883. [PMID: 28760337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagen VI-related disorders (COL6-RD) are a group of heterogenous muscular diseases due to mutations in the COL6A1, COL6A2 and COL6A3 genes, encoding for collagen VI, a critical component of the extracellular matrix. Ullrich congenital muscle disorder and Bethlem myopathy represent the ends of a clinical spectrum that includes intermediate phenotypes of variable severity. UCMD are caused by recessive loss of function mutations or de-novo dominant-negative mutations. The intermediate phenotype and BM are more commonly caused by dominantly acting mutations, and less commonly by recessive mutations. Recently parental mosaicism for dominant mutations in COL6 have been reported in four COL6-RD families and germinal mosaicism has been also identified in a family with recurrence of UCMD in two half-sibs. METHODS AND RESULTS Here we report three unrelated patients affected by a COL6-RD who carried de novo mosaic mutations in COL6A genes. These mutations, missed by Sanger sequencing, were identified by next generation sequencing. CONCLUSIONS This report highlights the importance of a complete diagnostic workup when clinical and histological finding are consistent with a COL6-RD and strengthen the impression that mosaicisms are underestimated events underlying COL6-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele D'Amico
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Fattori
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Tasca
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Logistic Unit of Medical Genetics, University-Hospital of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruselles
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina D'Oria
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Verardo
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalba Carrozzo
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Niceta
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alessandra Ferlini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Logistic Unit of Medical Genetics, University-Hospital of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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27
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Lee JH, Shin HY, Park HJ, Kim SH, Kim SM, Choi YC. Clinical, Pathologic, and Genetic Features of Collagen VI-Related Myopathy in Korea. J Clin Neurol 2017; 13:331-339. [PMID: 28831785 PMCID: PMC5653620 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2017.13.4.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Mutations in collagen VI-related genes (COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3) cause Bethlem myopathy (BM) and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD). These were previously believed to be separate disease entities, but they are now both classified as collagen VI-related myopathies, which cover a broad clinical spectrum. We aimed to analyze the clinical, pathologic, and genetic characteristics of patients with collagen VI-related myopathy in Korea. Methods We reviewed the clinical, pathologic, and genetic features in 22 patients with collagen VI-related myopathy from 13 families, as confirmed by genetic analysis of collagen VI-related genes. Results The mean ages of the 22 patients at first symptom presentation and diagnosis were 4.5 and 24.9 years, respectively. Four patients in 4 families showed the phenotype of intermediate collagen VI-related myopathies (IM), 16 patients in 7 families had the BM phenotype, and 2 patients in 2 families presented with the typical UCMD phenotype. Based on genetic analysis, five patients (five families) comprising four with IM and one with typical UCMD had missense mutations in the triple-helical domain of COL6A1, and ten patients (four families) with BM showed exon-14-skipping mutations. Additionally, we found two novel mutations: c.956A>G (p.K319R) in COL6A1 and c.6221G>T (p.G2074V) in COL6A3. Conclusions Missense mutations in the triple-helical domain of COL6A1 are the most common mutations related to collagen VI-related myopathy in Korea. Patients with these mutations have a tendency toward an earlier disease onset and more severe progression compared to patients with other mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Young Shin
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Jun Park
- Department of Neurology, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Min Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Chul Choi
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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28
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Liang WC, Tian X, Yuo CY, Chen WZ, Kan TM, Su YN, Nishino I, Wong LJC, Jong YJ. Comprehensive target capture/next-generation sequencing as a second-tier diagnostic approach for congenital muscular dystrophy in Taiwan. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170517. [PMID: 28182637 PMCID: PMC5300266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) is a heterogeneous disease entity. The detailed clinical manifestation and causative gene for each subgroup of CMD are quite variable. This study aims to analyze the phenotypes and genotypes of Taiwanese patients with CMD as the epidemiology of CMD varies among populations and has been scantly described in Asia. METHODS A total of 48 patients suspected to have CMD were screened and categorized by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry studies. Different genetic analyses, including next-generation sequencing (NGS), were selected, based on the clinical and pathological findings. RESULTS We identified 17 patients with sarcolemma-specific collagen VI deficiency (SSCD), 6 patients with merosin deficiency, two with reduced alpha-dystroglycan staining, and two with striking lymphocyte infiltration in addition to dystrophic change on muscle pathology. Fourteen in 15 patients with SSCD, were shown to have COL6A1, COL6A2 or COL6A3 mutations by NGS analysis; all showed marked distal hyperlaxity and normal intelligence but the overall severity was less than in previously reported patients from other populations. All six patients with merosin deficiency had mutations in LAMA2. They showed relatively uniform phenotype that were compatible with previous studies, except for higher proportion of mental retardation with epilepsy. With reduced alpha-dystroglycan staining, one patient was found to carry mutations in POMT1 while another patient carried mutations in TRAPPC11. LMNA mutations were found in the two patients with inflammatory change on muscle pathology. They were clinically characterized by neck flexion limitation and early joint contracture, but no cardiac problem had developed yet. CONCLUSION Muscle pathology remains helpful in guiding further molecular analyses by direct sequencing of certain genes or by target capture/NGS as a second-tier diagnostic tool, and is crucial for establishing the genotype-phenotype correlation. We also determined the frequencies of the different types of CMD in our cohort which is important for the development of a specific care system for each disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chen Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Xia Tian
- Baylor Genetics, Houston Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston Texas, United States of America
| | - Chung-Yee Yuo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Zi Chen
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Min Kan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ning Su
- Sofiva Genomics Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan
- Dianthus Maternal Fetal Medicine Clinic, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lee-Jun C. Wong
- Baylor Genetics, Houston Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston Texas, United States of America
| | - Yuh-Jyh Jong
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- * E-mail: ,
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Noguchi S, Ogawa M, Malicdan MC, Nonaka I, Nishino I. Muscle Weakness and Fibrosis Due to Cell Autonomous and Non-cell Autonomous Events in Collagen VI Deficient Congenital Muscular Dystrophy. EBioMedicine 2016; 15:193-202. [PMID: 28043812 PMCID: PMC5233815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital muscular dystrophies with collagen VI deficiency are inherited muscle disorders with a broad spectrum of clinical presentation and are caused by mutations in one of COL6A1–3 genes. Muscle pathology is characterized by fiber size variation and increased interstitial fibrosis and adipogenesis. In this study, we define critical events that contribute to muscle weakness and fibrosis in a mouse model with collagen VI deficiency. The Col6a1GT/GT mice develop non-progressive weakness from younger age, accompanied by stunted muscle growth due to reduced IGF-1 signaling activity. In addition, the Col6a1GT/GT mice have high numbers of interstitial skeletal muscle mesenchymal progenitor cells, which dramatically increase with repeated myofiber necrosis/regeneration. Our results suggest that impaired neonatal muscle growth and the activation of the mesenchymal cells in skeletal muscles contribute to the pathology of collagen VI deficient muscular dystrophy, and more importantly, provide the insights on the therapeutic strategies for collagen VI deficiency. Collagen VI muscular dystrophy mouse shows small muscle size and endomysial fibrosis. Insufficient IGF-1 signaling in Col6a1GT/GT is responsible for decreased myofiber numbers during perinatal muscle growth. Overactivation of MPCs in Col6a1GT/GT largely contributes to fibrosis, possibly explaining the phenotype of human patients.
Congenital muscular dystrophy with collagen VI deficiency shows specific muscle pathology characterized by fiber size variation and increased interstitial fibrosis and adipogenesis. We show two mechanistic events in the model mouse, an impaired muscle growth during perinatal due to insufficient IGF-1 signaling, and an endomysial fibrosis by overactivation of muscle-residential mesenchymal progenitor cells. This overactivation induces the dysregulated muscle niche, which results in specific pathology in collagen VI deficient muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Noguchi
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Development, Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Megumu Ogawa
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - May Christine Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Ikuya Nonaka
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Development, Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
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Davignon L, Chauveau C, Julien C, Dill C, Duband-Goulet I, Cabet E, Buendia B, Lilienbaum A, Rendu J, Minot MC, Guichet A, Allamand V, Vadrot N, Fauré J, Odent S, Lazaro L, Leroy JP, Marcorelles P, Dubourg O, Ferreiro A. The transcription coactivator ASC-1 is a regulator of skeletal myogenesis, and its deficiency causes a novel form of congenital muscle disease. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:1559-73. [PMID: 27008887 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent progress in the genetic characterization of congenital muscle diseases, the genes responsible for a significant proportion of cases remain unknown. We analysed two branches of a large consanguineous family in which four patients presented with a severe new phenotype, clinically marked by neonatal-onset muscle weakness predominantly involving axial muscles, life-threatening respiratory failure, skin abnormalities and joint hyperlaxity without contractures. Muscle biopsies showed the unreported association of multi-minicores, caps and dystrophic lesions. Genome-wide linkage analysis followed by gene and exome sequencing in patients identified a homozygous nonsense mutation in TRIP4 encoding Activating Signal Cointegrator-1 (ASC-1), a poorly characterized transcription coactivator never associated with muscle or with human inherited disease. This mutation resulted in TRIP4 mRNA decay to around 10% of control levels and absence of detectable protein in patient cells. ASC-1 levels were higher in axial than in limb muscles in mouse, and increased during differentiation in C2C12 myogenic cells. Depletion of ASC-1 in cultured muscle cells from a patient and in Trip4 knocked-down C2C12 led to a significant reduction in myotube diameter ex vivo and in vitro, without changes in fusion index or markers of initial myogenic differentiation. This work reports the first TRIP4 mutation and defines a novel form of congenital muscle disease, expanding their histological, clinical and molecular spectrum. We establish the importance of ASC-1 in human skeletal muscle, identify transcriptional co-regulation as novel pathophysiological pathway, define ASC-1 as a regulator of late myogenic differentiation and suggest defects in myotube growth as a novel myopathic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurianne Davignon
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France, Inserm U787, Myology Group, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France, UPMC, UMR787, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Claire Chauveau
- Inserm U787, Myology Group, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France, UPMC, UMR787, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Julien
- Inserm U787, Myology Group, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France, UPMC, UMR787, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Dill
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Isabelle Duband-Goulet
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Eva Cabet
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Brigitte Buendia
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Alain Lilienbaum
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - John Rendu
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble, France, Biochimie Génétique et Moléculaire, CHRU de Grenoble, 38700 Grenoble, France, INSERM U386, Equipe Muscle et Pathologies, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Agnès Guichet
- CHU Angers, Service de génétique médicale, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Valérie Allamand
- UPMC, Inserm UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Vadrot
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Julien Fauré
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble, France, Biochimie Génétique et Moléculaire, CHRU de Grenoble, 38700 Grenoble, France, INSERM U386, Equipe Muscle et Pathologies, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Pôle Neurosciences, Service de Neurologie, CHU de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Leïla Lazaro
- Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque, 64109 Bayonne, France
| | - Jean Paul Leroy
- Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Pathologie, CHU de Brest, 29609 Brest, France
| | - Pascale Marcorelles
- Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Pathologie, CHU de Brest, 29609 Brest, France, EA 4685 Laboratoire de Neuroscience de Brest, Université Bretagne Occidentale, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Odile Dubourg
- Inserm U787, Myology Group, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France, UPMC, UMR787, 75013 Paris, France, AP-HP, Laboratoire de Neuropathologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France and
| | - Ana Ferreiro
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France, Inserm U787, Myology Group, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France, UPMC, UMR787, 75013 Paris, France, AP-HP, Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Paris-Est, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
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Matsui Y, Sunatani Y, Hayashi N, Okino K, Okushi Y, Mukai K, Adachi H, Yamaya H, Iwabuchi K, Yokoyama H. DNA double-strand breaks induced intractable glomerular fibrosis in renal allografts. Clin Exp Nephrol 2015; 20:479-88. [PMID: 26440363 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-015-1174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The relationship between DNA damage and glomerular fibrosis in renal allografts remains unclear. METHODS We examined renal allograft specimens from 35 patients in which DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and glomerular fibrosis were detected by phospho-histone H2A.X (γ-H2AX) expression and collagen (COL) types III, IV, and VI accumulation. We also examined the in vitro relationship between DNA damage and COL accumulation by mitomycin C (MMc)-induced DNA damage in human glomerular endothelial cells (HRGEc). RESULTS The γ-H2AX and COL type VI, which mainly accumulated in the subendothelial and mesangial regions, were positively correlated with the duration of the post-renal transplant (RT) period. In multiple regression analysis, the duration of the post-RT period and cg in the Banff '07 classification were identified as a significant predictor of COL type VI accumulation and γ-H2AX expression in the glomerular capillaries. In addition, the γ-H2AX-positive area was also identified as a predictor of glomerular accumulation of COL type VI. COL type VI was detected in the cytoplasm of the HRGEc, which was secreted into the supernatant after MMc stimulation with γ-H2AX expression. The number of γ-H2AX (-)/COL type VI (+) cells was inversely associated with the number of γ-H2AX (+)/COL type VI (-) cells during 24-h MMc treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the long-term RT induces DSBs and HRGEc-secreted COL type VI accumulation in the glomerular capillaries, which might progress to intractable glomerular fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Matsui
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yumi Sunatani
- Department of Biochemistry I, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Norifumi Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Okino
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yuki Okushi
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Mukai
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroki Adachi
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamaya
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Kuniyoshi Iwabuchi
- Department of Biochemistry I, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yokoyama
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
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Abstract
Presently, human collagen VI-related diseases such as Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) and Bethlem myopathy (BM) remain incurable, emphasizing the need to unravel their etiology and improve their treatments. In UCMD, symptom onset occurs early, and both diseases aggravate with ageing. In zebrafish fry, morpholinos reproduced early UCMD and BM symptoms but did not allow to study the late phenotype. Here, we produced the first zebrafish line with the human mutation frequently found in collagen VI-related disorders such as UCMD and BM. We used a transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) to design the col6a1ama605003-line with a mutation within an essential splice donor site, in intron 14 of the col6a1 gene, which provoke an in-frame skipping of exon 14 in the processed mRNA. This mutation at a splice donor site is the first example of a template-independent modification of splicing induced in zebrafish using a targetable nuclease. This technique is readily expandable to other organisms and can be instrumental in other disease studies. Histological and ultrastructural analyzes of homozygous and heterozygous mutant fry and 3 months post-fertilization (mpf) fish revealed co-dominantly inherited abnormal myofibers with disorganized myofibrils, enlarged sarcoplasmic reticulum, altered mitochondria and misaligned sarcomeres. Locomotion analyzes showed hypoxia-response behavior in 9 mpf col6a1 mutant unseen in 3 mpf fish. These symptoms worsened with ageing as described in patients with collagen VI deficiency. Thus, the col6a1ama605003-line is the first adult zebrafish model of collagen VI-related diseases; it will be instrumental both for basic research and drug discovery assays focusing on this type of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zlatko Radev
- UMS 1374, AMAGEN, INRA, Jouy en Josas, Domaine de Vilvert, France
- UMS 3504, AMAGEN, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Michel Hermel
- UMR 9197, INRA-CASBAH team, NEURO-Psi, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
- * E-mail: (FS); (JMH)
| | - Yannick Elipot
- UMR 9197, DECA team, NEURO-Psi, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Sandrine Bretaud
- UMR 5242, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Florence Ruggiero
- UMR 5242, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Frédéric Sohm
- UMS 1374, AMAGEN, INRA, Jouy en Josas, Domaine de Vilvert, France
- UMS 3504, AMAGEN, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- * E-mail: (FS); (JMH)
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Abstract
The congenital muscular dystrophies (CMD) and myopathies (CM) are a diverse group of diseases that share features such as early onset of symptoms (in the first year of life), genetic causes, and high risks for restrictive lung disease and orthopedic deformities. Understanding for disease mechanism is available and a fairly well-structured genotype-phenotype correlation for all the CMDs and CMs is now available. To best illustrate the clinical spectrum and diagnostic algorithm for these diseases, this article presents 5 cases, including Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, nemaline myopathy, centronuclear myopathy, merosin deficiency congenital muscular dystrophy, and core myopathy.
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Abstract
Collagen VI is widely distributed throughout extracellular matrices (ECMs) in various tissues. In skeletal muscle, collagen VI is particularly concentrated in and adjacent to basement membranes of myofibers. Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) is caused by mutations in either COL6A1, COL6A2 or COL6A3 gene, thereby leading to collagen VI deficiency in the ECM. It is known to occur through either recessive or dominant genetic mechanism, the latter most typically by de novo mutations. UCMD is well defined by the clinicopathological hallmarks including distal hyperlaxity, proximal joint contractures, protruding calcanei, scoliosis and respiratory insufficiency. Recent reports have depicted the robust natural history of UCMD; that is, loss of ambulation by early teenage years, rapid decline in respiratory function by 10 years of age and early-onset, rapidly progressive scoliosis. Muscle pathology is characterised by prominent interstitial fibrosis disproportionate to the relative paucity of necrotic and regenerating fibres. To date, treatment for patients is supportive for symptoms such as joint contractures, respiratory failure and scoliosis. There have been clinical trials based on the theory of mitochondrion-mediated myofiber apoptosis or impaired autophagy. Furthermore, the fact that collagen VI producing cells in skeletal muscle are interstitial mesenchymal cells can support proof of concept for stem cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yonekawa
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, NCNP, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan Department of Clinical Development, Translational Medical Center, NCNP
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Chae JH, Vasta V, Cho A, Lim BC, Zhang Q, Eun SH, Hahn SH. Utility of next generation sequencing in genetic diagnosis of early onset neuromuscular disorders. J Med Genet 2015; 52:208-16. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jobling R, D'Souza R, Baker N, Lara-Corrales I, Mendoza-Londono R, Dupuis L, Savarirayan R, Ala-Kokko L, Kannu P. The collagenopathies: review of clinical phenotypes and molecular correlations. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2014; 16:394. [PMID: 24338780 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-013-0394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Genetic defects of collagen formation (the collagenopathies) affect almost every organ system and tissue in the body. They can be grouped by clinical phenotype, which usually correlates with the tissue distribution of the affected collagen subtype. Many of these conditions present in childhood; however, milder phenotypes presenting in adulthood are increasingly recognized. Many are difficult to differentiate clinically. Precise diagnosis by means of genetic testing assists in providing prognosis information, family counseling, and individualized treatment. This review provides an overview of the current range of clinical presentations associated with collagen defects, and the molecular mechanisms important to understanding how the results of genetic testing affect medical care.
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Noguchi S, Ogawa M, Kawahara G, Malicdan MC, Nishino I. Allele-specific Gene Silencing of Mutant mRNA Restores Cellular Function in Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Fibroblasts. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2014; 3:e171. [PMID: 24959844 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2014.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) is an inherited muscle disorder characterized clinically by muscle weakness, distal joint hyperlaxity, and proximal joint contractures. Sporadic and recessive mutations in the three collagen VI genes, COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3, are reported to be causative. In the sporadic forms, a heterozygous point mutation causing glycine substitution in the triple helical domain has been identified in higher rate. In this study, we examined the efficacy of siRNAs, which target point mutation site, on specific knockdown toward transcripts from mutant allele and evaluated consequent cellular phenotype of UCMD fibroblasts. We evaluated the effect of siRNAs targeted to silence-specific COL6A1 alleles in UCMD fibroblasts, where simultaneous expression of both wild-type and mutant collagen VI resulted in defective collagen localization. Addition of mutant-specific siRNAs allowed normal extracellular localization of collagen VI surrounding fibroblasts, suggesting selective inhibition of mutant collagen VI. Targeting the single-nucleotide COL6A1 c.850G>A (p.G284R) mutation responsible a sporadic autosomal dominant form of UCMD can potently and selectively block expression of mutant collagen VI. These results suggest that allele-specific knockdown of the mutant mRNA can potentially be considered as a therapeutic procedure in UCMD due to COL6A1 point mutations.
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Butterfield RJ, Foley AR, Dastgir J, Asman S, Dunn DM, Zou Y, Hu Y, Donkervoort S, Flanigan KM, Swoboda KJ, Winder TL, Weiss RB, Bönnemann CG. Position of glycine substitutions in the triple helix of COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 is correlated with severity and mode of inheritance in collagen VI myopathies. Hum Mutat 2014; 34:1558-67. [PMID: 24038877 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Glycine substitutions in the conserved Gly-X-Y motif in the triple helical (TH) domain of collagen VI are the most commonly identified mutations in the collagen VI myopathies including Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, Bethlem myopathy, and intermediate (INT) phenotypes. We describe clinical and genetic characteristics of 97 individuals with glycine substitutions in the TH domain of COL6A1, COL6A2, or COL6A3 and add a review of 97 published cases, for a total of 194 cases. Clinical findings include severe, INT, and mild phenotypes even from patients with identical mutations. INT phenotypes were most common, accounting for almost half of patients, emphasizing the importance of INT phenotypes to the overall phenotypic spectrum. Glycine substitutions in the TH domain are heavily clustered in a short segment N-terminal to the 17th Gly-X-Y triplet, where they are acting as dominants. The most severe cases are clustered in an even smaller region including Gly-X-Y triplets 10-15, accounting for only 5% of the TH domain. Our findings suggest that clustering of glycine substitutions in the N-terminal region of collagen VI is not based on features of the primary sequence. We hypothesize that this region may represent a functional domain within the triple helix.
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Zhang YZ, Zhao DH, Yang HP, Liu AJ, Chang XZ, Hong DJ, Bonnemann C, Yuan Y, Wu XR, Xiong H. Novel collagen VI mutations identified in Chinese patients with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. World J Pediatr 2014; 10:126-32. [PMID: 24801232 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-014-0481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We determined the clinical and molecular genetic characteristics of 8 Chinese patients with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD). METHODS Clinical data of probands were collected and muscle biopsies of patients were analyzed. Exons of COL6A1, COL6A2 and COL6A3 were analyzed by direct sequencing. Mutations in COL6A1, COL6A2 and COL6A3 were identified in 8 patients. RESULTS Among these mutations, 5 were novel [three in the triple helical domain (THD) and 2 in the second C-terminal (C2) domain]. We also identified five known missense or in-frame deletion mutations in THD and C domains. Immunohistochemical studies on muscle biopsies from patients showed reduced level of collagen VI at the muscle basement membrane and mis-localization of the protein in interstitial and perivascular regions. CONCLUSIONS The novel mutations we identified underscore the importance of THD and C2 domains in the assembly and function of collagen VI, thereby providing useful information for the genetic counseling of UCMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
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Bönnemann CG, Wang CH, Quijano-Roy S, Deconinck N, Bertini E, Ferreiro A, Muntoni F, Sewry C, Béroud C, Mathews KD, Moore SA, Bellini J, Rutkowski A, North KN. Diagnostic approach to the congenital muscular dystrophies. Neuromuscul Disord 2014; 24:289-311. [PMID: 24581957 PMCID: PMC5258110 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) are early onset disorders of muscle with histological features suggesting a dystrophic process. The congenital muscular dystrophies as a group encompass great clinical and genetic heterogeneity so that achieving an accurate genetic diagnosis has become increasingly challenging, even in the age of next generation sequencing. In this document we review the diagnostic features, differential diagnostic considerations and available diagnostic tools for the various CMD subtypes and provide a systematic guide to the use of these resources for achieving an accurate molecular diagnosis. An International Committee on the Standard of Care for Congenital Muscular Dystrophies composed of experts on various aspects relevant to the CMDs performed a review of the available literature as well as of the unpublished expertise represented by the members of the committee and their contacts. This process was refined by two rounds of online surveys and followed by a three-day meeting at which the conclusions were presented and further refined. The combined consensus summarized in this document allows the physician to recognize the presence of a CMD in a child with weakness based on history, clinical examination, muscle biopsy results, and imaging. It will be helpful in suspecting a specific CMD subtype in order to prioritize testing to arrive at a final genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten G Bönnemann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| | - Ching H Wang
- Driscoll Children's Hospital, Corpus Christi, TX, United States
| | - Susana Quijano-Roy
- Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, and UFR des sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ), France
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Brussels and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Ana Ferreiro
- UMR787 INSERM/UPMC and Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Sewry
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Béroud
- INSERM U827, Laboratoire de Génétique Moleculaire, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Jonathan Bellini
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | | | - Kathryn N North
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Pan TC, Zhang RZ, Arita M, Bogdanovich S, Adams SM, Gara SK, Wagener R, Khurana TS, Birk DE, Chu ML. A mouse model for dominant collagen VI disorders: heterozygous deletion of Col6a3 Exon 16. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:10293-10307. [PMID: 24563484 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.549311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dominant and recessive mutations in collagen VI genes, COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3, cause a continuous spectrum of disorders characterized by muscle weakness and connective tissue abnormalities ranging from the severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy to the mild Bethlem myopathy. Herein, we report the development of a mouse model for dominant collagen VI disorders by deleting exon 16 in the Col6a3 gene. The resulting heterozygous mouse, Col6a3(+/d16), produced comparable amounts of normal Col6a3 mRNA and a mutant transcript with an in-frame deletion of 54 bp of triple-helical coding sequences, thus mimicking the most common molecular defect found in dominant Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy patients. Biosynthetic studies of mutant fibroblasts indicated that the mutant α3(VI) collagen protein was produced and exerted a dominant-negative effect on collagen VI microfibrillar assembly. The distribution of the α3(VI)-like chains of collagen VI was not altered in mutant mice during development. The Col6a3(+/d16) mice developed histopathologic signs of myopathy and showed ultrastructural alterations of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle and abnormal collagen fibrils in tendons. The Col6a3(+/d16) mice displayed compromised muscle contractile functions and thereby provide an essential preclinical platform for developing treatment strategies for dominant collagen VI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Cheng Pan
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Rui-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Machiko Arita
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Sasha Bogdanovich
- Department of Physiology and Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Sheila M Adams
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Sudheer Kumar Gara
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50931, Germany
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50931, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50931, Germany
| | - Tejvior S Khurana
- Department of Physiology and Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - David E Birk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Mon-Li Chu
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
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Alexeev V, Arita M, Donahue A, Bonaldo P, Chu ML, Igoucheva O. Human adipose-derived stem cell transplantation as a potential therapy for collagen VI-related congenital muscular dystrophy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:21. [PMID: 24522088 PMCID: PMC4054951 DOI: 10.1186/scrt411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMD) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by muscle weakness within the first two years of life. Collagen VI-related muscle disorders have recently emerged as one of the most common types of CMD. COL6 CMD is caused by deficiency and/or dysfunction of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein collagen VI. Currently, there is no specific treatment for this disabling and life-threatening disease. The primary cellular targets for collagen VI CMD therapy are fibroblasts in muscle, tendon and skin, as opposed to muscle cells for other types of muscular dystrophies. However, recent advances in stem cell research have raised the possibility that use of adult stem cells may provide dramatic new therapies for treatment of COL6 CMD. Methods Here, we developed a procedure for isolation of human stem cells from the adipose layer of neonatal skin. The adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) were examined for expression of ECM and related genes using gene expression array analysis. The therapeutic potential of ADSC was assessed after a single intramuscular transplantation in collagen VI-deficient mice. Results Analysis of primary cultures confirmed that established ADSC represent a morphologically homogenous population with phenotypic and functional features of adult mesenchymal stem cells. A comprehensive gene expression analysis showed that ADSC express a vast array of ECM genes. Importantly, it was observed that ADSC synthesize and secrete all three collagen VI chains, suggesting suitability of ADSC for COL6 CMD treatment. Furthermore, we have found that a single intramuscular transplantation of ADSC into Col6a1−/−Rag1−/− mice under physiological and cardiotoxin-induced injury/regeneration conditions results in efficient engraftment and migration of stem cells within the skeletal muscle. Importantly, we showed that ADSC can survive long-term and continuously secrete the therapeutic collagen VI protein missing in the mutant mice. Conclusions Overall, our findings suggest that stem cell therapy can potentially provide a new avenue for the treatment of COL6 CMD and other muscular disorders and injuries.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide information regarding the diagnosis and natural history of some very rare disorders: congenital muscular dystrophies and congenital myopathies. Patients with these conditions share characteristics such as early onset of weakness and severe hypotonia. Other organs such as the brain, eyes, and skin may be involved. Diagnosis depends largely on recognition of phenotype, muscle biopsy, and mutation analysis. RECENT FINDINGS More than 30 genes have been associated with these diseases, most of which have only been recognized in the past decade. Increasing availability of DNA analysis has been important in decreasing delay in diagnosis. SUMMARY Patients with congenital muscular dystrophy or congenital myopathy are at high risk of complications including restrictive lung disease, orthopedic deformities, seizures, cardiomyopathy, and malignant hyperthermia. Life expectancy varies with the severity of complications. Having an accurate and specific diagnosis allows the neurologist to carry out anticipatory guidance and appropriate monitoring. New hope exists for experimental treatments for congenital muscular dystrophy and congenital myopathy as our understanding of pathogenesis evolves.
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Foley AR, Quijano-Roy S, Collins J, Straub V, McCallum M, Deconinck N, Mercuri E, Pane M, D'Amico A, Bertini E, North K, Ryan MM, Richard P, Allamand V, Hicks D, Lamandé S, Hu Y, Gualandi F, Auh S, Muntoni F, Bönnemann CG. Natural history of pulmonary function in collagen VI-related myopathies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 136:3625-33. [PMID: 24271325 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The spectrum of clinical phenotypes associated with a deficiency or dysfunction of collagen VI in the extracellular matrix of muscle are collectively termed 'collagen VI-related myopathies' and include Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, Bethlem myopathy and intermediate phenotypes. To further define the clinical course of these variants, we studied the natural history of pulmonary function in correlation to motor abilities in the collagen VI-related myopathies by analysing longitudinal forced vital capacity data in a large international cohort. Retrospective chart reviews of genetically and/or pathologically confirmed collagen VI-related myopathy patients were performed at 10 neuromuscular centres: USA (n = 2), UK (n = 2), Australia (n = 2), Italy (n = 2), France (n = 1) and Belgium (n = 1). A total of 486 forced vital capacity measurements obtained in 145 patients were available for analysis. Patients at the severe end of the clinical spectrum, conforming to the original description of Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy were easily identified by severe muscle weakness either preventing ambulation or resulting in an early loss of ambulation, and demonstrated a cumulative decline in forced vital capacity of 2.6% per year (P < 0.0001). Patients with better functional abilities, in whom walking with/without assistance was achieved, were initially combined, containing both intermediate and Bethlem myopathy phenotypes in one group. However, one subset of patients demonstrated a continuous decline in pulmonary function whereas the other had stable pulmonary function. None of the patients with declining pulmonary function attained the ability to hop or run; these patients were categorized as intermediate collagen VI-related myopathy and the remaining patients as Bethlem myopathy. Intermediate patients had a cumulative decline in forced vital capacity of 2.3% per year (P < 0.0001) whereas the relationship between age and forced vital capacity in patients with Bethlem myopathy was not significant (P = 0.1432). Nocturnal non-invasive ventilation was initiated in patients with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy by 11.3 years (±4.0) and in patients with intermediate collagen VI-related myopathy by 20.7 years (±1.5). The relationship between maximal motor ability and forced vital capacity was highly significant (P < 0.0001). This study demonstrates that pulmonary function profiles can be used in combination with motor function profiles to stratify collagen VI-related myopathy patients phenotypically. These findings improve our knowledge of the natural history of the collagen VI-related myopathies, enabling proactive optimization of care and preparing this patient population for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reghan Foley
- 1 Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, University College London Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
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Yonekawa T, Komaki H, Okada M, Hayashi YK, Nonaka I, Sugai K, Sasaki M, Nishino I. Rapidly progressive scoliosis and respiratory deterioration in Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2013; 84:982-8. [PMID: 23572247 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-304710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterise the natural history of Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD). PATIENTS AND METHODS Questionnaire-based nationwide survey to all 5442 certified paediatric and adult neurologists in Japan was conducted from October 2010 to February 2011. We enrolled the 33 patients (age at assessment, 11 ± 6.6 years) who were reported to have collagen VI deficiency on immunohistochemistry in muscle biopsies. We analysed the development, clinical manifestations, Cobb angle and %vital capacity (%VC) in spirogram. RESULTS Cobb angle over 30° was noted at age 9.9 ± 5.3 years (n=17). The maximum progression rate was 16.2 ± 10°/year (n=13). %VC was decreased exponentially with age, resulting in severe respiratory dysfunction before pubescence. Scoliosis surgery was performed in 3 patients at ages 5 years, 9 years and 10 years. Postoperative %VC was relatively well maintained in the youngest patient. Non-invasive ventilation was initiated at age 11.2 ± 3.6 years (n=13). Twenty-five (81%) of 31 patients walked independently by age 1.7 ± 0.5 years but lost this ability by age 8.8 ± 2.9 years (n=11). Six patients never walked independently. CONCLUSIONS The natural history of scoliosis, respiratory function and walking ability in UCMD patients were characterised. Although the age of onset varied, scoliosis, as well as restrictive respiratory dysfunction, progressed rapidly within years, once they appeared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yonekawa
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors hypothesized that variants within genes, such as COL5A1, COL3A1, COL6A1, and COL12A1, that code for connective tissue components of the musculoskeletal system may modulate susceptibility to exercise-associated muscle cramping (EAMC). Specifically, the aim of this study was to investigate if the COL5A1 rs12722 (C/T), COL3A1 rs1800255 (G/A), COL6A1 rs35796750 (T/C), and COL12A1 rs970547 (A/G) polymorphisms are associated with a history of EAMC. DESIGN Retrospective genetic case-control association study. SETTING Participants were recruited at triathlon and ultra-marathon events and were asked to report physical activity, medical history, and cramping history. PARTICIPANTS One hundred sixteen participants with self-reported history of EAMC within the past 12 months before an ultra-endurance event were included as cases in this study (EAMC group). One hundred fifty participants with no self-reported history of previous (lifelong) EAMC were included as controls (NON group). INTERVENTIONS All participants were genotyped for the selected variants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Differences in genotype frequency distributions, for COL5A1 rs12722, COL3A1 rs1800255, COL6A1 rs35796750, and COL12A1 rs970547, among the cases and controls. RESULTS The COL5A1 CC genotype was significantly overrepresented (P = 0.031) among the NON group (21.8%) when compared with the EAMC group (11.1%). No significant genotype differences were found for the COL3A1 (P = 0.828), COL6A1 (P = 0.300), or COL12A1 (P = 0.120) genotypes between the EAMC and NON groups. CONCLUSIONS This study identified, for the first time, the COL5A1 gene as a potential marker for a history of EAMC.
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Gómez-Díaz B, Rosas-Vargas H, Roque-Ramírez B, Meza-Espinoza P, Ruano-Calderón LA, Fernández-Valverde F, Escalante-Bautista D, Escobar-Cedillo RE, Sánchez-Chapul L, Vargas-Cañas S, López-Hernández LB, Bahena-Martínez E, Luna-Angulo AB, Canto P, Coral-Vázquez RM. Immunodetection analysis of muscular dystrophies in Mexico. Muscle Nerve 2012; 45:338-45. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.22314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides a solid scaffold and signals to cells through ECM receptors. The cell-matrix interactions are crucial for normal biological processes and when disrupted they may lead to pathological processes. In particular, the biological importance of ECM-cell membrane-cytoskeleton interactions in skeletal muscle is accentuated by the number of inherited muscle diseases caused by mutations in proteins conferring these interactions. In this review we introduce laminins, collagens, dystroglycan, integrins, dystrophin and sarcoglycans. Mutations in corresponding genes cause various forms of muscular dystrophy. The muscle disorders are presented as well as advances toward the development of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Carmignac
- Muscle Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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