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Öztürk ME, Yabanci Ayhan N. The relationship between the severity of intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) in adults with IDDs and eating and drinking problems and nutritional status. J Intellect Disabil Res 2024; 68:325-339. [PMID: 38183317 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) experience eating, drinking and swallowing problems, such as chewing problems, choking, gagging, coughing during eating, aspiration and rumination syndrome, which may lead to poor nutritional status. This study aimed to determine the relationship between IDD levels, eating, drinking and swallowing problems and nutritional status in adults with IDDs. METHODS The sample consisted of 71 participants (37 men and 34 women) with a mean age of 22.5 ± 7 years (range 18-60 years). Professionals classified intellectual disability as mild, moderate or severe. The Screening Tool of Feeding Problems scale was applied to the caregivers of adults with IDDs to identify eating, drinking and swallowing problems. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall and a food and nutrition photograph catalogue. The researchers measured body weight, height and middle upper arm circumference. Body mass index was calculated. Four body mass index categories were determined: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2 ), normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2 ), overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m2 ) and obese (≥30 kg/m2 ). Chi-squared tests were used to detect the relationship between IDD levels and eating and drinking problems, and analysis of variance tests were conducted to detect the relationship between IDD levels with anthropometric measurements and dietary intake. RESULTS Participants had mild (42.3%; n = 30), moderate (29.6%; n = 21) or severe IDD (28.2%; n = 20). They were underweight (12.7%; n = 9), normal weight (59.2%; n = 42) or overweight and/or obese (28.2%; n = 20). Participants with severe IDD had significantly higher Screening Tool of Feeding Problems 'nutrition-related behaviour' and 'eating and drinking skill deficit problem' sub-scale scores than those with mild IDD. However, the groups had no significant difference in 'food refusal and selectivity' sub-scale scores. Participants with severe IDD also had anorexia prevalence similar to those with mild IDD. The groups did not significantly differ in anthropometric measurements, daily energy intake and macronutrient and micronutrient intake. CONCLUSIONS While adults with severe IDD had more eating and drinking skill deficits (e.g. chewing problems and independent eating difficulties) and nutrition-related behaviour problems than those with mild IDD, the eating, drinking and swallowing problems, which may critically affect their food intake, were similar to adults with mild IDD. The anthropometric measurements and energy and nutrient intakes of adults with severe IDD were not significantly different from those with mild IDD consistently. Findings indicate that nutritional deficiencies and nutritional behaviour problems may be avoidable in adults with IDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Öztürk
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - N Yabanci Ayhan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Hou Y, Xiang J, Wang B, Duan S, Song R, Zhou W, Tan S, He B. Pathogenesis and comprehensive treatment strategies of sarcopenia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1263650. [PMID: 38260146 PMCID: PMC10801049 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1263650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia and diabetes are two age-related diseases that are common in the elderly population, and have a serious effect on their general health and quality of life. Sarcopenia refers to the progressive loss of muscle mass, strength and function, whereas diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. The comorbidity of sarcopenia and diabetes is particularly concerning, as people with diabetes have a higher risk of developing sarcopenia due to the combination of insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and reduced physical activity. In contrast, sarcopenia destroyed blood sugar control and exacerbated the development of people with diabetes, leading to the occurrence of a variety of complications. Fortunately, there are a number of effective treatment strategies for sarcopenia in people with diabetes. Physical exercise and a balanced diet with enough protein and nutrients have been proved to enhance the muscular quality and strength of this population. Additionally, pharmacological therapies and lifestyle changes can optimize blood sugar control, which can prevent further muscle loss and improve overall health outcomes. This review aims to summarize the pathogenesis and comprehensive treatment strategies of sarcopenia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, which help healthcare professionals recognize their intimate connection and provide a new vision for the treatment of diabetes and its complications in this population. Through early identification and comprehensive treatment, it is possible to improve the muscle function and general quality of life of elderly with diabetes and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Xiang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shoufeng Duan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rouxuan Song
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songwen Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Binsheng He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Chang KV, Wu WT, Chen YH, Chen LR, Hsu WH, Lin YL, Han DS. Enhanced serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and -6 in sarcopenia: alleviation through exercise and nutrition intervention. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13471-13485. [PMID: 38032288 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited research has been conducted on the post-intervention inflammatory status in sarcopenic patients, despite previous studies revealing elevated pro-inflammatory markers. This study aimed to investigate the potential elevation of specific pro-inflammatory cytokines in sarcopenic patients and evaluate the effects of exercise and nutritional support interventions on these cytokine levels. METHODS In this post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), 57 individuals with sarcopenia from the RCT and 57 non-sarcopenic participants from the same geriatric community cohort that did not participate in the RCT were enrolled. Grip strength and body composition measurements were recorded. Tumor necrotizing factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-15 levels were assessed at baseline for both groups and after a 12-week intervention consisting of resistive exercise and supplementation with branched-chain amino acids, calcium, and vitamin D3 in the patients with sarcopenia. RESULTS The sarcopenic group demonstrated significantly lower body weight, body mass index, grip strength, and skeletal muscle mass index. Moreover, sarcopenic patients exhibited higher levels of TNF-α (p=0.007), IL-1β (p<0.001), and IL-6 (p<0.001), while no significant difference was observed in IL-15 (p=0.345) between participants with and those without sarcopenia. Following the intervention, the sarcopenic group experienced significant improvements in grip strength and skeletal muscle mass index with a notable reduction in TNF-α (p=0.003), IL-1β (p=0.012) and IL-6 (p=0.001) levels. CONCLUSIONS Sarcopenic patients exhibit elevated levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, which declined after nutrition support and exercise interventions. However, further research is necessary to evaluate the long-term impact of these interventions on cytokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Vin Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wang-Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Rong Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiang Hsu
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Lian Lin
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Der-Sheng Han
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sravya SL, Swain J, Sahoo AK, Mangaraj S, Kanwar J, Jadhao P, Das S. Sarcopenia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Study of the Modifiable Risk Factors Involved. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5499. [PMID: 37685565 PMCID: PMC10488216 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Sarcopenia has gained much interest in recent years due to an increase in morbidity. Sarcopenia is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and vice versa. There is a paucity of information regarding the prevalence and predictors of sarcopenia among T2DM individuals. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of sarcopenia among T2DM individuals. (2) Methods: This study included 159 diabetics (cases) and 79 non-diabetics (controls) aged >50 years. The subjects were assessed for demographic and anthropometric parameters. Sarcopenia (according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria) was assessed using Jammer's hydraulic dynamometer for handgrip strength, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for muscle mass, and 6m gait speed. The biochemical investigations included glycated hemoglobin; fasting and prandial glucose; fasting insulin; lipid, renal, liver, and thyroid profiles; serum calcium; phosphorous; vitamin D; and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Appropriate statistical methods were used to determine the significance of each parameter, and a multivariate regression analysis was applied to determine the predictors. (3) Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia was significantly higher among the cases than the controls (22.5% vs. 8.86%, p-0.012). Body mass index (BMI) (OR-0.019, CI-0.001-0.248), physical activity (OR-0.45, CI-0.004-0.475), serum calcium levels (OR-0.155, CI-0.035-0.687), hypertension (OR-8.739, CI-1.913-39.922), and neuropathy (OR-5.57, CI-1.258-24.661) were significantly associated with sarcopenia following multivariate regression analysis. (4) Conclusions: T2DM individuals are prone to sarcopenia, especially those with a low BMI, low physical activity, hypertension, neuropathy, and low serum calcium levels. Hence, by modifying these risk factors among the elderly T2DM, sarcopenia can be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surapaneni Lakshmi Sravya
- Department of Endocrinology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India; (S.L.S.); (A.K.S.); (S.M.); (J.K.); (P.J.)
| | - Jayshree Swain
- Department of Endocrinology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India; (S.L.S.); (A.K.S.); (S.M.); (J.K.); (P.J.)
| | - Abhay Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India; (S.L.S.); (A.K.S.); (S.M.); (J.K.); (P.J.)
| | - Swayamsidha Mangaraj
- Department of Endocrinology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India; (S.L.S.); (A.K.S.); (S.M.); (J.K.); (P.J.)
| | - Jayabhanu Kanwar
- Department of Endocrinology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India; (S.L.S.); (A.K.S.); (S.M.); (J.K.); (P.J.)
| | - Pooja Jadhao
- Department of Endocrinology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India; (S.L.S.); (A.K.S.); (S.M.); (J.K.); (P.J.)
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human & Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman;
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Nan Y, Zhou Y, Dai Z, Yan T, Zhong P, Zhang F, Chen Q, Peng L. Role of nutrition in patients with coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sarcopenia. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1214684. [PMID: 37614743 PMCID: PMC10442553 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1214684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic diseases in the elderly population and is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow obstruction. During COPD progression, a variety of pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications develop, with sarcopenia being one of the most common extrapulmonary complications. Factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of coexisting COPD and sarcopenia include systemic inflammation, hypoxia, hypercapnia, oxidative stress, protein metabolic imbalance, and myocyte mitochondrial dysfunction. These factors, individually or in concert, affect muscle function, resulting in decreased muscle mass and strength. The occurrence of sarcopenia severely affects the quality of life of patients with COPD, resulting in increased readmission rates, longer hospital admission, and higher mortality. In recent years, studies have found that oral supplementation with protein, micronutrients, fat, or a combination of nutritional supplements can improve the muscle strength and physical performance of these patients; some studies have also elucidated the possible underlying mechanisms. This review aimed to elucidate the role of nutrition among patients with coexisting COPD and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Nan
- Department of Ningxia Geriatrics Medical Center, Ningxia People’s Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Yan
- Department of Ningxia Geriatrics Medical Center, Ningxia People’s Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Pingping Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fufeng Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linlin Peng
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Ueda Y, Seshimo A, Okamoto T. Postoperative relative decrease in skeletal muscle mass as a predictor of quality of life in patients with gastric cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2023; 19:59. [PMID: 37424626 PMCID: PMC10326561 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2023.2655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Low skeletal muscle mass reflects poor nutritional condition, which may impair the functional status and quality of life (QOL) of survivors of gastrectomy. The present cross-sectional study examined the association between a relative change in skeletal muscle mass and perceived postoperative health and QOL in patients with gastric cancer. The study comprised 74 patients (48 men and 26 women; median age, 68.5 years) who underwent surgery for stage I-III gastric cancer. Outcomes were measured using the Postgastrectomy Syndrome Assessment Scale-45, which was specifically developed to measure post-gastrectomy symptoms, living status, dissatisfaction with daily life and generic QOL. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was estimated using computed tomography by tracing the area of the psoas major muscle to calculate the ΔSMI, defined as: (SMI before surgery-SMI at completion of the PGSAS-45 survey)/SMI before surgery x100. Associations between ΔSMI and health outcomes were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. The mean ΔSMI (SD) was 8.64% (10.6%). The effect size (Cohen's d) of ΔSMI <10% compared with ΔSMI ≥10% was 0.50 (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.97) for total symptom scores, -0.51 (-0.98 to -0.03) for general health, and -0.52 (-0.99 to -0.05) for the physical component summary (PCS). Multiple regression analysis showed that ΔSMI was significantly associated with PCS decline, and its standardized regression coefficient was -0.447 (-0.209 to -0.685). Determining ΔSMI may help clinicians to facilitate the objective evaluation of low skeletal mass, which reflects poor nutritional condition that can impair functional status and QOL of postoperative patients surviving gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Ueda
- Department of Surgery II, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama Shin-Midori General Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-0025, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Seshimo
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Ushiku Aiwa General Hospital, Ushiku, Ibaraki 300-1296, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okamoto
- Department of Surgery II, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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Dobrovolskaya OV, Feklistov AY, Demin NV, Kozyreva MV, Toroptsova NV. [Physical activity and nutritional status in women with rheumatoid arthritis and sarcopenic phenotype of body composition]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2023; 95:398-403. [PMID: 38158991 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.05.202204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
AIM To assess physical activity (PA) and nutritional status and their relationship with the sarcopenic phenotype of body composition in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MATERIAL AND METHODS 104 women (mean age 59.5±8.7 years) with RA underwent clinical and laboratory examination, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The level of PA and nutritional status were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaires, respectively. RESULTS Sarcopenic phenotype was diagnosed in 37.1% of patients. Moderate and low PA levels were detected in 44.2 and 7.8%, respectively, risk of malnutrition - in 50% of persons. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, factors associated with the sarcopenic phenotype were determined: the frequency of vigorous PA<3 times a week [odds ratio - OR 5.12 (95% confidence interval - CI 1.15-22.94); p=0.032], walking <1 hour a day [OR 4.98 (95% CI 1.14-21.74); p=0.033], risk of malnutrition by MNA [OR 4.13 (95% CI 1.12-15.32); p=0.034], body mass index <25 kg/m2 [OR 8.11 (95% CI 1.86-35.32); p=0.006] and daily calcium intake <500 mg [OR 4.62 (95% CI 1.06-20.08); p=0.041]. CONCLUSION 52% of women with RA had moderate оr low PA levels, and 50% of patients were at risk of malnutrition. The risk of sarcopenic phenotype associated with a low frequency of vigorous PA, low walking time, risk of malnutrition, body mass index <25 kg/m2 and insufficient calcium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - N V Demin
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology
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8
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Abstract
Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by a decline in muscular mass, strength, and function with advancing age. The risk of falls, fragility, hospitalization, and death is considerably increased in the senior population due to sarcopenia. Although there is no conclusive evidence for drug treatment, resistance training has been unanimously recognized as a first-line treatment for managing sarcopenia, and numerous studies have also pointed to the combination of nutritional supplementation and resistance training as a more effective intervention to improve quality of life for people with sarcopenia. People with both malnutrition and sarcopenia have a higher mortality rate, so identifying people at risk of malnutrition and intervening early is extremely important to avoid sarcopenia and its associated problems. This article provides important information for dietary interventions in sarcopenia by summarizing the discoveries and developments of nutritional supplements such as protein, leucine, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, omega-3 fatty acids, creatine, inorganic nitrate, probiotics, minerals, collagen peptides, and polyphenols in the management of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Liu
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuangqing Li
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Multimorbidity Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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van Dronkelaar C, Fultinga M, Hummel M, Kruizenga H, Weijs PJM, Tieland M. Minerals and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: An Updated Systematic Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023:S1525-8610(23)00481-4. [PMID: 37355247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to reevaluate the role of minerals on muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance, and the prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults. DESIGN Systematic review. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS In March 2022, a systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences using predefined search terms. Original studies on dietary mineral intake or mineral serum blood concentrations on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance or the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults (average age ≥65 years) were included. METHODS Eligibility screening and data extraction was performed by 2 independent reviewers. Quality assessment was performed with the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Exposure (ROBINS-E) tool. RESULTS From the 15,622 identified articles, a total of 45 studies were included in the review, mainly being cross-sectional and observational studies. Moderate quality of evidence showed that selenium (n = 8) and magnesium (n = 7) were significantly associated with muscle mass, strength, and physical performance as well as the prevalence of sarcopenia. For calcium and zinc, no association could be found. For potassium, iron, sodium, and phosphorus, the association with sarcopenic outcomes remains unclear as not enough studies could be included or were nonconclusive (low quality of evidence). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This systematic review shows a potential role for selenium and magnesium on the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in older adults. More randomized controlled trials are warranted to determine the impact of minerals on sarcopenia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carliene van Dronkelaar
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Aging and Later Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Maaike Fultinga
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mitchell Hummel
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hinke Kruizenga
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J M Weijs
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Aging and Later Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Tieland
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Bhattacharya S, Bhadra R, Schols AMWJ, van Helvoort A, Sambashivaiah S. Nutrition in the prevention and management of sarcopenia - A special focus on Asian Indians. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2022; 8:135-44. [PMID: 36605171 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength, is common in advanced old age but can be accelerated by chronic disease, malnutrition and physical inactivity. Early initiation of intervention to achieve and maintain a higher peak muscle mass and strength may allow for prevention or delay of sarcopenia and facilitate independent living even in old age. In this context, malnutrition, a significant contributor to sarcopenia, is often overlooked among the Indian population. Maintenance of an optimal energy and protein balance with adequate physical activity level is essential to preserve physical function in the aging population. However, research on the role of micronutrients in muscle maintenance, is still in its infancy. This narrative review, therefore, aims to explore the current status of International and Indian research on the role of nutrition in sarcopenia mitigation and the way forward.
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Dobrovolskaya OV, Demin NV, Nikitinskaya OA, Toroptsova NV, Feklistov AY. Nutritional status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: is there an association with the sarcopenic phenotype of body composition? Naučno-praktičeskaâ revmatologiâ 2022. [DOI: 10.47360/1995-4484-2022-566-572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Aim – to evaluate the nutritional status and its relationship with the sarcopenic phenotype of body composition in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Material and methods. The study included 91 women aged 40 to 75 years with RA according to ACR/EULAR criteria (2010) and a disease duration of at least 1 year. A questionnaire, laboratory and densitometric examination were conducted. Nutritional status was assessed using a MNA (Mini Nutricial Assessment) questionnaire.Results. Malnutrition and at risk of malnutrition according to the MNA were detected in 44.0% of patients with RA. These patients differed from those with normal nutritional status with a higher risk of osteoporotic hip fractures according to FRAX (p=0.035), lower appendicular muscle mass (AMM) (p=0.048) and lower self-assessment of health status (p=0.012). Patients significantly differed in nutritional status according to MNA, daily intake of calcium with food, circumferences of the mid-upper arm, calf, waist and hips, depending on the presence of sarcopenic phenotype. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the sarcopenic phenotype was associated with a nutritional status according to MNA less than 24 points (odds ratio (OR) – 6.14; p=0.036), daily calcium intake less than 500 mg (OR=9.55; p=0.007) and mid-upper arm circumference less than 25 cm (OR=9.32; p=0.015).Conclusion. Malnutrition was found in almost half of the patients with RA. It was revealed that a low nutritional status according to the MNA, low calcium intake and mid-upper arm circumference less than 25 cm increased the risk of having a sarcopenic phenotype in women with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N. V. Demin
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology
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12
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Kim S, Lee GW, Park CY. Older Korean men with inadequate vitamin D status have lower odds of radiologic osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11372. [PMID: 35790839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Most studies on osteoarthritis (OA) and vitamin D status were performed in Whites with relatively adequate vitamin D status. Associations may differ by baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and race. We assessed the odds of OA and joint pain according to vitamin D status in Korean adults ≥ 50 years of age in the nationally representative Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 8575). Agreement between radiologic OA (ROA) and self-reported OA were also assessed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed and participants were stratified by sex. Adults with serum 25(OH)D < 12 ng/mL and 12 to < 20 ng/mL had 26% and 18% lower odds of knee ROA, respectively, compared to those with 25(OH)D ≥ 20 ng/mL. Similar results were observed in men, but not women. No associations were found between 25(OH)D and knee ROA severity, lumbar spine ROA, symptomatic OA, or knee pain. Sensitivity of self-reported OA was low (27%), indicating a weak possibility of reverse causation. Prospective studies are required to identify the possible causality of vitamin D on OA in Korean men.
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Prokopidis K, Giannos P, Katsikas Triantafyllidis K, Kechagias KS, Mesinovic J, Witard OC, Scott D. Effect of vitamin D monotherapy on indices of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1642-1652. [PMID: 35261183 PMCID: PMC9178168 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D supplementation is proposed as a potentially effective nutritional intervention to mitigate the risk of sarcopenia. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the impact of vitamin D supplementation monotherapy on indices of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared the effect of vitamin D supplementation (as monotherapy) with placebo on indices of sarcopenia in older (>50 years) adults. Using the random effects inverse-variance model, we calculated the mean difference (MD) in handgrip strength (HGS), short physical performance battery (SPPB), timed up and go (TUG), and appendicular lean mass (ALM) between groups. We also calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) in general muscle strength and general physical performance (composite plot of all muscle strength and physical performance outcomes, respectively) between groups. RESULTS Ten RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. A significant decrease in SPPB scores was observed with vitamin D supplementation compared with placebo (MD: -0.23; 95% CI -0.40 to -0.06; I2 = 0%; P = 0.007). Vitamin D supplementation conferred no effect on HGS (MD: -0.07 kg; 95% CI -0.70 to 0.55; I2 = 51%, P = 0.82), TUG (MD: 0.07 s; 95% CI -0.08 to 0.22; I2 = 0%, P = 0.35), ALM (MD: 0.06 kg/m2 ; 95% CI: -0.32 to 0.44; I2 = 73%, P = 0.77), general muscle strength (SMD: -0.01; 95% CI -0.17 to 0.15; I2 = 42%, P = 0.90), or general physical performance (SMD: -0.02; 95% CI -0.23 to 0.18; I2 = 71%, P = 0.83). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D supplementation did not improve any sarcopenia indices in community-dwelling older adults and may compromise some aspects of physical performance. Future studies are warranted to investigate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on individual indices of SPPB, including mobility and balance, in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Prokopidis
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,Society of Meta-research and Biomedical Innovation, London, UK
| | - Panagiotis Giannos
- Society of Meta-research and Biomedical Innovation, London, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos Katsikas Triantafyllidis
- Society of Meta-research and Biomedical Innovation, London, UK.,Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton & Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, Taunton, UK
| | - Konstantinos S Kechagias
- Society of Meta-research and Biomedical Innovation, London, UK.,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jakub Mesinovic
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oliver C Witard
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David Scott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Córdova A, Caballero-García A, Noriega-González D, Bello HJ, Pons A, Roche E. Nitric-Oxide-Inducing Factors on Vitamin D Changes in Older People Susceptible to Suffer from Sarcopenia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19105938. [PMID: 35627475 PMCID: PMC9141722 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcium and magnesium, together with vitamin D and the hormones testosterone and cortisol, are key elements in muscle function, to maintain physical fitness. This study aims to analyze if supplementation with NO precursors (L-arginine, L-citrulline and beetroot extract) modulates the circulating levels of calcium, magnesium, vitamin D and steroid hormones in elders. Sixty-one volunteers (65.1 years old, 164.6 cm of height and 71.2 kg of weight) susceptible to develop sarcopenia participated in a physical activity program for 6 weeks. Participants were divided into four groups: one placebo and three taking one of the indicated supplements. Physical capacity was assessed through the following tests: (a) distance covered in 6 min by walking (endurance indicator); (b) hand grip (upper-body strength indicator); (c) time to cover 4 m by walking (speed indicator); and (d) time to perform five full squats (lower-body strength indicator). We concluded that there is a disparity in the association of steroid hormones, vitamin D levels and physical fitness. However, a significant inverse correlation between speed and endurance indicators was observed. Higher circulating vitamin D levels were observed in the L-arginine- and beetroot-supplemented groups. In conclusion, vasodilators increase vitamin D circulating levels that, in the long term, could maintain mineral homeostasis, improving muscular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Córdova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, GIR Physical Exercise and Aging, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, 42004 Soria, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Alberto Caballero-García
- Department of Anatomy and Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, GIR Physical Exercise and Aging, University of Valladolid, Campus Los Pajaritos, 42004 Soria, Spain;
| | - David Noriega-González
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Hugo J. Bello
- Department of Mathematics, Escuela de Ingeniería de la Industria Forestal, Agronómica y de la Bioenergía, GIR Physical Exercise and Aging, University of Valladolid, Campus Los Pajaritos, 42004 Soria, Spain;
| | - Antoni Pons
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Roche
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
- Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (E.R.)
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15
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Muscle health plays an important role in maintaining function and independence in the elderly, and some nutrients provide protection against the age-related decline of muscle strength and function. Minerals are important nutrients that may contribute to the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia, but they have not been well-studied. This study investigated whether hair mineral concentrations differ between subjects with low muscle mass (LMM) and subjects with normal muscle mass. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 232 adults ≥ 20 years of age who visited the Health Promotion Center of the University Hospital in Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. MEASUREMENTS The data from 232 subjects were analyzed and divided into LMM and normal groups based on the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) (LMM was defined as ASMI < 7.0 kg/m2 in men and < 5.7 kg/m2 in women). Skeletal muscle mass was estimated using a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) device with a body composition analyzer. RESULTS Overall mean age of participants was 50.4±11.6 years (29.7% women). Subjects with LMM showed significantly lower triglyceride levels, greater high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and lower body mass index (BMI), compared with subjects who had normal muscle mass. No significant differences in hair mineral concentrations were observed between subjects with LMM and subjects with normal muscle mass, with the exception of copper. Hair copper concentrations were significantly greater in subjects with LMM than in subjects with normal muscle mass after adjustment for covariates and factors (65.7±14.2 vs 33.1±4.3 μg/g, P = 0.035). CONCLUSION These results suggest that hair mineral status may play a role in the development of LMM. Therefore, further studies with larger numbers of subjects are required to identify the effects of mineral imbalances, their relationships with sarcopenia, and the differences between subjects with LMM and subjects with normal muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-A Lee
- Sang-Wook Song, MD, PhD, Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Jungbu-daero 93, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16247, Republic of Korea, TEL: 82-31-881-8856, FAX: 82-31-248-7404, E-mail:
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16
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Lin YS, Wang Q, Shen ZK, Sun HX, Wu C, He H, Zou GQ, Xu F, Bu YL, Li JW, Zhao C, Hong M, Lu X, Xu JS, Gao W. Association of Loss of Occlusal Pairs of Teeth with Sarcopenia in a Chinese Population of Community-Dwelling Elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:439-444. [PMID: 35587755 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tooth loss, which usually leads to malnutrition, is common in the elderly. However, limited information is available regarding its association with sarcopenia. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between loss of occlusal pairs of tooth and sarcopenia. DESIGN A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed. SETTING The elderly who participated in the National Basic Public Health Project in the Maigaoqiao Community Medical Center in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2850 individuals aged ≥60 years were enrolled. MEASUREMENTS Sarcopenia was defined according to the criteria proposed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. A trained dentist assessed oral health status and counted the number of present teeth. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between the loss of occlusal pairs and sarcopenia. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was 7.1% (201/2850). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that loss of occlusal pairs was associated with sarcopenia [anterior occlusal pairs (AOPs): odd ratio (OR) = 1.292, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.158-1.442; posterior occlusal pairs (POPs): OR = 1.147, 95% CI = 1.018-1.221]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that loss of POPs was still an independent risk for sarcopenia (OR = 1.108, 95% CI = 1.007-1.220) after adjustment for traditional confounders. Subgroup analysis showed that loss of POPs was more significantly linked to sarcopenia in those with advanced age (≥80years) (OR = 1.307, 95% CI = 1.116-1.532) and in females (OR = 1.165, 95%CI = 1.038-1.308). Compared to individuals with ≥5 occluding pairs of POPs, those with <5 occluding pairs of POPs had a higher incidence of sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS Loss of POPs is associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in the elderly in a Chinese population. Further research on the mechanism of the observed causal relationship is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-S Lin
- Wei Gao, MD, PhD, Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. . Jin-Shui Xu, MD, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China. E-mail: . Tel: +86-25-83759916, Fax: +86-25-83759546
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Lee DY, Shin S. Association of Sarcopenia with Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2021; 11:129. [PMID: 35011870 PMCID: PMC8745168 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia and bone disorders, such as osteopenia and osteoporosis, are common musculoskeletal disorders in older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the association between sarcopenia and bone disorders such as osteoporosis and osteopenia according to sex. We analyzed 3077 participants from the 2008-2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey aged 65 years or older. After adjusting for all covariates, such as physical examinations, exercise, and nutrient intake (model 4), the odds ratios for the association between sarcopenia and bone disorders were 2.051 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.498-2.808) in osteopenia and 2.258 (95% CI: 1.584-3.218) in osteoporosis. However, when sex was analyzed separately, the odds ratio was significantly different in men (osteopenia-2.068, 95% CI: 1.462-2.924; osteoporosis-3.247, 95% CI: 1.953-5.399), but not in women. Therefore, the results of this study show an association between sarcopenia and bone disorders in older Korean adults. Sarcopenia is significantly related to osteopenia and osteoporosis, especially in men, when stratified by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Youn Lee
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Gyungbuk, Korea;
- Neuromuscular Control Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Sunghoon Shin
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Gyungbuk, Korea;
- Neuromuscular Control Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea
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18
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Jayawardena TU, Kim SY, Jeon YJ. Sarcopenia; functional concerns, molecular mechanisms involved, and seafood as a nutritional intervention - review article. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1983-2003. [PMID: 34459311 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1969889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The fundamental basis for the human function is provided by skeletal muscle. Advancing age causes selective fiber atrophy, motor unit loss, and hybrid fiber formation resulting in hampered mass and strength, thus referred to as sarcopenia. Influence on the loss of independence of aged adults, contribute toward inclined healthcare costs conveys the injurious impact. The current understating of age-related skeletal muscle changes are addressed in this review, and further discusses mechanisms regulating protein turnover, although they do not completely define the process yet. Moreover, the reduced capacity of muscle regeneration due to impairment of satellite cell activation and proliferation with neuronal, immunological, hormonal factors were brought into the light of attention. Nevertheless, complete understating of sarcopenia requires disentangling it from disuse and disease. Nutritional intervention is considered a potentially preventable factor contributing to sarcopenia. Seafood is a crucial player in the fight against hunger and malnutrition, where it consists of macro and micronutrients. Hence, the review shed light on seafood as a nutritional intrusion in the treatment and prevention of sarcopenia. Understanding multiple factors will provide therapeutic targets in the prevention, treatment, and overcoming adverse effects of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilina U Jayawardena
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Young Kim
- Division of Practical Application, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo-si, Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
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19
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Calcium and phosphorus intake showed a significant negative relationship with osteosarcopenia and osteosarcopenic adiposity in Korean adults aged 50 years or older. PURPOSE Osteosarcopenic adiposity (OSA) is a syndrome accompanied by low bone mass, low muscle mass, and adiposity, and the association of the individual OSA components with dietary factors is considerable. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the intake of dietary calcium and phosphorus and individual and/or combined bone-, muscle-, and fat mass-related abnormalities in body composition (components of OSA). METHODS This study investigated the relationship between OSA-related components and the intake of calcium and phosphorus in subjects aged 50 years and older (n = 7007) using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008 to 2011. RESULTS After adjusting for various confounding factors that affect OSA, the groups with a low calcium intake (below the median value) had a significantly higher risk of osteosarcopenia (OR = 1.768, 95% CI: 1.018-3.073; p = 0.0432) and OSA (OR = 1.505, 95% CI: 1.040-2.180; p = 0.0304) compared to the groups with a high calcium intake (equal to or above the median value). In addition, phosphorus intake showed a significant negative relationship with sarcopenic adiposity. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the intake of calcium is associated with a lower risk of osteosarcopenia and OSA in Korean adults aged 50 years and older. These results will serve as baseline data on mineral intake for the management of multiple OSA-related components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyeong Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kongju National University, Yesan, South Korea
| | - Yun-Jung Bae
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong, South Korea.
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20
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Wang Y, Liu Q, Quan H, Kang SG, Huang K, Tong T. Nutraceuticals in the Prevention and Treatment of the Muscle Atrophy. Nutrients 2021; 13:1914. [PMID: 34199575 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalance of protein homeostasis, with excessive protein degradation compared with protein synthesis, leads to the development of muscle atrophy resulting in a decrease in muscle mass and consequent muscle weakness and disability. Potential triggers of muscle atrophy include inflammation, malnutrition, aging, cancer, and an unhealthy lifestyle such as sedentariness and high fat diet. Nutraceuticals with preventive and therapeutic effects against muscle atrophy have recently received increasing attention since they are potentially more suitable for long-term use. The implementation of nutraceutical intervention might aid in the development and design of precision medicine strategies to reduce the burden of muscle atrophy. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on the importance of nutraceuticals in the prevention of skeletal muscle mass loss and recovery of muscle function. We also highlight the cellular and molecular mechanisms of these nutraceuticals and their possible pharmacological use, which is of great importance for the prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy.
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21
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low muscle mass and muscle function are associated with adverse health outcomes in older adults. This study examined nutrient intake as a potential contributing factor for low muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle power in geriatric outpatients. METHOD This cross-sectional study included geriatric outpatients (n = 58, 38 female) with a mean age of 77.2 ± 9.0 years referred to the Falls and Balance outpatient clinic between December 2017 and January 2019. Nutrient intake (macro- and micronutrients) was examined using a 3-day food diary. Energy-adjusted nutrient intake was calculated using the residual method. Sex-standardized muscle measures included muscle mass assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (skeletal muscle mass [SMM in kilograms], SMM index [SMM/height2 in kg/m2], and SMM/body mass index), handgrip strength (muscle strength) assessed using a dynamometer, and chair-stand test (muscle power). Univariate linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations of nutrient intake with muscle measures adjusted for age and body weight. A Bonferroni correction was applied to account for multiple testing (p < 0.001). RESULTS Higher energy, iodine, and folate intake were associated with higher muscle mass, and higher folate intake was associated with higher muscle strength (p < 0.05). After Bonferroni correction, none of the nutrient intakes remained statistically significant. None of the other nutrients was associated with muscle measures. CONCLUSIONS Only a few nutrients were associated with muscle measures. Nutrient intake appears to be more related to muscle mass than muscle strength and muscle power in geriatric outpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suey S Y Yeung
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Esmee M Reijnierse
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands Amsterdam
| | - Petrus J J F Deen
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke C Trappenburg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Amsterdam.,Department of Internal Medicine, Amstelland Hospital, Amstelveen, The Netherlands
| | - Carel G M Meskers
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands Amsterdam
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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22
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Santiago ECS, Roriz AKC, Ramos LB, Ferreira AJF, Oliveira CC, Gomes-Neto M. Comparison of calorie and nutrient intake among elderly with and without sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:1338-1352. [PMID: 33616172 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Sarcopenia, besides having an impact on functional capacity, has been associated with increased hospitalization and mortality, and stands out as an essential cause of disability among older people. OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies comparing the calories and nutrients ingested by elderly people with and without sarcopenia. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, Cochrane Library, and Scielo databases were searched. STUDY SELECTION Studies comparing calories and nutrient intake among elderly people diagnosed with sarcopenia and people without sarcopenia were included. DATA ANALYSIS Mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and heterogeneity was assessed using I2 test. RESULTS A total of 23 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The average number of calories and nutrients ingested were significantly lower in elderly study participants with sarcopenia compared with those without sarcopenia. The meta-analyses showed that the average number of calories ingested (n = 19 studies; mean difference, -156.7 kcal; 95%CI, -194.8 to -118.7) were significantly lower in those with sarcopenia than in elderly participants without sarcopenia. Compared to those without sarcopenia, elderly people with sarcopenia consumed lower amounts of proteins; carbohydrates; saturated fatty acids; vitamins A, B12, C, and D; and minerals such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, and selenium. CONCLUSIONS The evidence so far available suggests a difference in caloric, macronutrient (ie, proteins, carbohydrates, saturated fatty acids), and micronutrient (ie calcium, magnesium, sodium, selenium, and vitamins A, B12, C, and D) intake among the elderly with and without sarcopenia. Additional studies are needed to define the best interventions to improve the consumption of calories and nutrients by the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuelle C S Santiago
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Anna K C Roriz
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lílian B Ramos
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Andrêa J F Ferreira
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carolina C Oliveira
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Mansueto Gomes-Neto
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Lana A, Struijk EA, Ortolá R, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Lopez-Garcia E. Longitudinal Association Between Sodium and Potassium Intake and Physical Performance in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:2379-2386. [PMID: 32009144 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is associated with a progressive difficulty to maintain ion regulation, which might impair the capacity for muscle contraction. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the association between 5-year changes in dietary intake of sodium and potassium and changes in physical performance among older adults. METHODS We performed a prospective study with 868 participants from the Seniors-ENRICA cohort. Diet was measured with a validated diet history and physical performance was measured with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), both in 2012 and 2017. Analyses were performed with linear regression models adjusted for sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, and morbidity, using changes in the intake of sodium and potassium and changes in the sodium/potassium ratio during follow-up as independent variables, and the continuous change in the SPPB score as the dependent variable. RESULTS Over 5 years of follow-up, a 1 SD increase in sodium intake (ie, 0.73 g/d) was associated with a 0.13 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26-0.01) points reduction in the SPPB score, while a 1 SD increase in potassium intake (ie, 0.70 g/d) was associated with a 0.19 (0.05-0.34) points increment in the score. In addition, a 1 SD increase in the sodium-to-potassium ratio (ie, 0.30) was associated with worse SPPB (-0.58 [-0.95 to -0.21]). Participants who adhered to dietary recommendations for minerals at baseline but became noncompliant during follow-up decreased their result in the SPPB. CONCLUSION An increase of dietary sodium intake, a decrease of potassium intake and the resulting increment in the sodium-to-potassium ratio were prospectively associated with worse physical performance in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lana
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Oviedo/ISPA, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ, Spain
| | - Ellen A Struijk
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ, Spain
| | - Rosario Ortolá
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Lopez-Garcia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Das A, Cumming RG, Naganathan V, Blyth F, Le Couteur DG, Handelsman DJ, Waite LM, Ribeiro RV, Simpson SJ, Hirani V. Associations between nutrient intakes and dietary patterns with different sarcopenia definitions in older Australian men: the concord health and ageing in men project. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:4490-505. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020003547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractObjective:To assess the associations between nutrient intake and dietary patterns with different sarcopenia definitions in older men.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:Sarcopenia was defined using the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Dietary adequacy of fourteen nutrients was assessed by comparing participants’ intakes with the Nutrient Reference Values (NRV). Attainment of NRV for nutrients was incorporated into a variable ‘poor’ (meeting ≤ 9) v. ‘good’ (meeting ≥ 10) using the cut-point method. Also, two different dietary patterns, monounsaturated:saturated fat and n-6:n-3 fatty acids ratio and individual nutrients were used as predictor variables.Participants:A total of 794 men aged ≥75 years participated in this study.Results:The prevalence of sarcopenia by the FNIH, EWGSOP and EWGSOP2 definitions was 12·9 %, 12·9 % and 19·6 %, respectively. With the adjustment, poor nutrient intake was significantly associated with FNIH-defined sarcopenia (OR: 2·07 (95 % CI 1·16, 3·67)), but not with EWGSOP and EWGSPOP2 definitions. The lowest and second-lowest quartiles of protein, Mg and Ca and the lowest quartiles of n-6 PUFA and n-3 PUFA intakes were significantly associated with FNIH-defined sarcopenia. Each unit decrease in n-6:n-3 ratio was significantly associated with a 9 % increased risk of FNIH-defined sarcopenia (OR: 1·09 (95 % CI 1·04, 1·16)).Conclusions:Inadequate intakes of nutrients are associated with FNIH-defined sarcopenia in older men, but not with the other two sarcopenia definitions. Further studies are required to understand these relationships.
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25
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Kim YS, Hong KW, Han K, Park YC, Park JM, Kim K, Kim BT. Longitudinal Observation of Muscle Mass over 10 Years According to Serum Calcium Levels and Calcium Intake among Korean Adults Aged 50 and Older: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092856. [PMID: 32961901 PMCID: PMC7551872 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal change in muscle mass over 10 years according to serum calcium levels and calcium intake. A total of 1497 men and 1845 women aged 50 years and older were included. Significant muscle loss (SML) was defined as a 5% or greater loss from baseline, while time-dependent development of SML was assessed according to quartiles for corrected calcium level and daily calcium intake using Cox regression models. The incidence of SML was 6.7 and 7.7 per 100-person-years among men and women, respectively. Groups with the lowest corrected calcium levels had more prominent SML than those with higher calcium levels, regardless of sex. The relationship between SML and calcium intake was significant only among women. The hazard ratio for SML per 1 mmol/L increase in corrected calcium level was 0.236 and 0.237 for men and women, respectively. In conclusion, low serum calcium levels may predict SML among adults aged ≥ 50 years, while low calcium intake may be a predictor for muscle loss among women. Therefore, encouraging dietary calcium intake among middle-aged and older adults for preservation of muscle mass should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sang Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Won Hong
- Healthcare R&D Division, Theragen Bio Co. Ltd., Suwon 16229, Korea;
| | - Kunhee Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Seonam Hospital, Seoul 08049, Korea;
| | - Yon Chul Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju 26426, Korea;
- Department of Medical Education, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea
| | - Jae-Min Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea;
| | - Kwangyoon Kim
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Bom-Taeck Kim
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-219-5309; Fax: +82-31-219-5218
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26
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Abstract
Muscle health is important for the functionality and independence of older adults, and certain nutrients as well as dietary patterns have been shown to offer protective effects against declines in strength and function associated with aging. In this paper, micronutrients, macronutrients, and food groups have been reviewed, along with their studied effects on the prevalence and incidence of sarcopenia, as well as their ability to preserve muscle mass and optimize physical performance. Randomized controlled trials appear to suggest a critical role for dietary intake of protein in preventing sarcopenia and muscle loss, although the optimal dose and type of protein is unknown. There are some promising data regarding the role of vitamin D and sarcopenia, but it is unclear whether the dose, frequency of dose, or length of treatment impacts the efficacy of vitamin D on improving muscle mass or function. Selenium, magnesium, and omega 3 fatty acids have been studied as supplements in clinical trials and in the diet, and they appear to demonstrate a potential association with physical activity and muscle performance in older individuals. Following the Mediterranean diet and higher consumption of fruits and vegetables have been associated with improved physical performance and protection against muscle wasting, sarcopenia, and frailty.
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27
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Wang L, Yin L, Cheng X, Li K, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Duanmu YY, Liu X, Deng G, Wang Y, Veronese N, Li W, Tian W. The association of calcium intake with osteoporotic vertebral fractures in a large Chinese cohort. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:5500-5515. [PMID: 32221046 PMCID: PMC7138559 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect of calcium on prevention of osteoporosis and related fracture which are aging issues is unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the association of calcium intake with vertebral fracture. This study enrolled 3,457 participants from China Action on Spine and Hip Status (CASH) study from 2013 and 2017. Dietary calcium intake was collected using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Vertebral fracture of CT images was defined as the primary outcome. The mean calcium intake of men and women were 522.75mg/day and 507.21mg/day, respectively. 6% reduction in the odds of fracture risk was observed per 100 unit increase of calcium intake from food among females (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-0.99), but results among males were not significant. We divided calcium intake into quintiles when modelling its associations with fracture risk, negative associations of fracture risk with calcium intake were found among females. In a population with low usual calcium intake, higher dietary calcium intake was associated with fewer vertebral fracture in women and that no such association was seen in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Xiaoguang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Yuebo Wang
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Yang-Yang Duanmu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Guijuan Deng
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Aging Branch (N.V.), National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Wei Li
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
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Lee JH, Lee HS, Kim H, Kwon YJ, Lee JW. Association of milk consumption frequency on muscle mass and strength: an analysis of three representative Korean population studies. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:3257-3267. [PMID: 31858213 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02164-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sarcopenia is an involuntary loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical performance associated with aging. Sarcopenia contributes to adverse health outcomes. Milk contains essential amino acids important for maintaining muscle. We investigated the relationships among milk consumption frequency (MCF), muscle mass, and strength in Korean adults. METHODS We analyzed the data from 16,173 adults in the 2008-2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 13,537 adults in the 2014-2016 KNHANES, and 8254 adults in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). MCF was divided into two groups: (1) MCF less than once per day (MCF < 1 group) and (2) MCF greater than or equal to once per day (MCF ≥ 1 group). Low skeletal muscle mass index (LSMI) was defined using the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health sarcopenia project criteria for low muscle mass. Muscle strength was measured using the hand-grip strength test. RESULTS The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for LSMI in the MCF < 1 group was 1.250 (1.013-1.543) after adjusting for confounding factors, compared with the MCF ≥ 1 group (2008-2011 KNHANES). The adjusted mean for hand-grip strength was higher in the MCF ≥ 1 group (2014-2016 KNHANES). After a mean follow-up of 9 years, fat-free mass/body mass index was higher in the MCF ≥ 1 group than the MCF < 1 group (KoGES). CONCLUSION We found that MCF ≥ 1 was significantly associated with higher skeletal muscle index and muscle strength than lower MCF. Milk consumption could help prevent sarcopenia in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungmi Kim
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 225 Geumhak-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17046, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Danielewicz A, Morze J, Obara-Gołębiowska M, Przybyłowicz M, Przybyłowicz KE. Nutrient patterns and the skeletal muscle mass index among Polish women: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18930. [PMID: 31831799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55367-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing involves significant changes in skeletal muscle mass and its functioning. This study aimed to identify the major nutrient patterns (NPs) present in a sample of adult Polish women and evaluate their associations with the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). A cross-sectional study initially recruited 527 women, and a final analysis was carried out on 275 women aged 32–60 years. Nutrient intake was assessed using fourteen repetitions of 24-hour dietary recall. NPs were derived using principal component analysis. Associations between adherence to NPs and the SMI were evaluated using linear regression models. Three NPs were identified: ‘Animal Protein-Vitamins’, ‘Fibre-Plant Protein-Minerals’ and ‘Fats’. In the adjusted model, the upper tertile compared to the bottom tertile of the ‘Animal Protein-Vitamins’ NP was related to a higher SMI (β = 0.123 95% CI: 0.019; 0.227; P for 1-SD increase of NP score = 0.009). No associations between the SMI and the ‘Fibre-Plant Protein-Minerals’ and ‘Fats’ NPs were observed. Our results indicate that high adherence to animal product-rich patterns might be related to higher muscle mass in adult women. Research on the influence of dietary and nutrient patterns on the quality of muscle tissue may contribute to the setting of guidelines for nutritional protection of skeletal muscle with ageing and, consequently, dietary recommendations that would improve the quality of women’s lives at the later stage of life.
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Abstract
The risk of sarcopenia increases with aging. Malnutrition in the elderly population is an important risk factor for sarcopenia. Calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), vitamin D and protein are key nutrients for the human body and affect muscle mass and quality. Dairy products are rich in these nutrients, which implicates that dairy products might be ideal for elderly population. This systematic review highlights the effects of dairy products on muscle mass, muscle strength and body performance in the elderly population in the perspective of Ca, P, vitamin D and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Chorong Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jaekyung No
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
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31
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Lee JY, Lee S. Dietary Patterns Related to Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011. J Am Coll Nutr 2018; 38:358-363. [PMID: 30570371 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1523759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Muscle mass plays an important role in healthy aging among elderly adults. We investigated the association between dietary patterns and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) among 3,488 adults ages 60 years or older. METHODS The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data for 2008-2011 were analyzed. Dietary information from a food frequency questionnaire was utilized. To identify dietary patterns, factor analysis was performed. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to ascertain ASM. To examine the association between dietary patterns and ASM, a multivariable regression model was used after adjusting for potential confounding factors. RESULTS Two dietary patterns were identified: Healthy and Western dietary patterns. The Healthy dietary pattern was characterized as high frequencies of intake in vegetables, fish, fruits, seaweeds, legumes, mushrooms, whole grains, potatoes, eggs, dairy products, and red meat. In contrast, the Western dietary pattern was characterized by high intake of red meat, bread, noodles, fast food, rice cake, poultry, and soft drinks. Men showed a significant association between the Healthy dietary pattern and higher ASM, even after adjusting for covariates (p value =0.034). CONCLUSION In this cross-sectional study, we observed that men ages 60 years and older with the Healthy dietary pattern had higher muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeon Lee
- a Department of Public Health , General Graduate School, Kyungpook National University , South Korea
| | - Sunghee Lee
- b Department of Food and Nutrition , College of Health Science, Kangwon National University , South Korea
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32
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Oh TK, Jo J, Oh AY. Perioperative Serum Calcium and Phosphorus Levels are Associated with Hospital Costs and Length of Stay after Major Abdominal Surgery. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7100299. [PMID: 30249011 PMCID: PMC6210672 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify an association between serum calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) levels, tested during the pre- and postoperative period, with hospital costs and length of hospital stay (LOS) of patients who underwent major abdominal surgery. This retrospective cohort study analyzed the medical records of patients who underwent major abdominal surgery. A total of 3893 patients were included in the analysis, and multivariable linear regression analysis was performed. For a 1 mg/dL increase in preoperative Ca, total hospital costs decreased by 3997.9 dollars (coefficient: −3997.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): −4900.5, −30,953; p-value < 0.01), and for a 1 mg/dL increase in postoperative P, total hospital costs decreased by 702.5 dollars (coefficient: −702.5, 95% CI: −1274.5, −67.3; p-value = 0.03). Furthermore, for a 1 mg/dL increase in preoperative Ca, LOS decreased by 2.9 days (coefficient: −2.9, 95% CI: −3.7, −2.1; p-value < 0.01). For a 1 mg/dL increase in postoperative P, LOS decreased by 3.4 days (coefficient: −3.4, 95% CI: −4.2, −2.6; p-value < 0.01). This study suggested preoperative Ca and postoperative P could be useful indicators for the reduction of hospital costs and decrease in LOS from the perspective of enhanced recovery after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tak Kyu Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea.
| | - Jihoon Jo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea.
| | - Ah-Young Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.
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Abstract
The world population is ageing rapidly. As society ages, the incidence of physical limitations is dramatically increasing, which reduces the quality of life and increases healthcare expenditures. In western society, ~30% of the population over 55 years is confronted with moderate or severe physical limitations. These physical limitations increase the risk of falls, institutionalization, co-morbidity, and premature death. An important cause of physical limitations is the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, also referred to as sarcopenia. Emerging evidence, however, clearly shows that the decline in skeletal muscle mass is not the sole contributor to the decline in physical performance. For instance, the loss of muscle strength is also a strong contributor to reduced physical performance in the elderly. In addition, there is ample data to suggest that motor coordination, excitation-contraction coupling, skeletal integrity, and other factors related to the nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems are critically important for physical performance in the elderly. To better understand the loss of skeletal muscle performance with ageing, we aim to provide a broad overview on the underlying mechanisms associated with elderly skeletal muscle performance. We start with a system level discussion and continue with a discussion on the influence of lifestyle, biological, and psychosocial factors on elderly skeletal muscle performance. Developing a broad understanding of the many factors affecting elderly skeletal muscle performance has major implications for scientists, clinicians, and health professionals who are developing therapeutic interventions aiming to enhance muscle function and/or prevent mobility and physical limitations and, as such, support healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tieland
- Faculty of Sports and NutritionAmsterdam University of Applied SciencesDr. Meurerlaan 81067 SMAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Inez Trouwborst
- Faculty of Sports and NutritionAmsterdam University of Applied SciencesDr. Meurerlaan 81067 SMAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Brian C. Clark
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI)Ohio University250 Irvine HallAthensOH 45701USA
- Department of Biomedical SciencesOhio UniversityAthensOH 45701USA
- Department of Geriatric MedicineOhio UniversityAthensOH 45701USA
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Eglseer D, Eminovic S, Lohrmann C. Association Between Sarcopenia and Nutritional Status in Older Adults: A Systematic Literature Review. J Gerontol Nurs 2018; 42:33-41. [PMID: 27337185 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20160613-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
HOW TO OBTAIN CONTACT HOURS BY READING THIS ARTICLE INSTRUCTIONS 1.2 contact hours will be awarded by Villanova University College of Nursing upon successful completion of this activity. A contact hour is a unit of measurement that denotes 60 minutes of an organized learning activity. This is a learner-based activity. Villanova University College of Nursing does not require submission of your answers to the quiz. A contact hour certificate will be awarded once you register, pay the registration fee, and complete the evaluation form online at http://goo.gl/gMfXaf. To obtain contact hours you must: 1. Read the article, "Association Between Sarcopenia and Nutritional Status in Older Adults: A Systematic Literature Review" found on pages 33-41, carefully noting any tables and other illustrative materials that are included to enhance your knowledge and understanding of the content. Be sure to keep track of the amount of time (number of minutes) you spend reading the article and completing the quiz. 2. Read and answer each question on the quiz. After completing all of the questions, compare your answers to those provided within this issue. If you have incorrect answers, return to the article for further study. 3. Go to the Villanova website listed above to register for contact hour credit. You will be asked to provide your name; contact information; and a VISA, MasterCard, or Discover card number for payment of the $20.00 fee. Once you complete the online evaluation, a certificate will be automatically generated. This activity is valid for continuing education credit until June 30, 2019. CONTACT HOURS This activity is co-provided by Villanova University College of Nursing and SLACK Incorporated. Villanova University College of Nursing is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. ACTIVITY OBJECTIVES 1. Describe the geriatric syndrome of sarcopenia. 2. Identify the outcome of the sarcopenia studies. DISCLOSURE STATEMENT Neither the planners nor the authors have any conflicts of interest to disclose. Sarcopenia is an important geriatric syndrome with high prevalence rates and one of the most common causes of reductions in mobility, quality of life, and increasing dependency on care. The current study examined the relationship between sarcopenia and nutritional status in adults 60 and older. A systematic literature search was conducted, and data from 33 publications were included. The currently available literature indicates that sarcopenia is correlated with poor nutritional status (e.g., low body mass index, unfavorable nutritional risk screening results, decreased nutritional laboratory parameters, anorexia). Comparison of the studies' results were complicated by the lack of a generally accepted definition for sarcopenia, as well as the use of many different instruments to detect sarcopenia. The co-occurrence of malnutrition and sarcopenia is of great relevance. Future scientific work should focus on the formation of consistent definitions and instruments for the detection of sarcopenia to improve data comparisons. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 42(7), 33-41.].
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van Dronkelaar C, van Velzen A, Abdelrazek M, van der Steen A, Weijs PJ, Tieland M. Minerals and Sarcopenia; The Role of Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Selenium, Sodium, and Zinc on Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Physical Performance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2018; 19:6-11.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Lee YK, Chang JS, Min YK, Byun DW, Park Y, Ha YC. Low calcium and vitamin D intake in Korean women over 50 years of age. J Bone Miner Metab 2017; 35:522-528. [PMID: 27683158 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-016-0782-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake is a possible risk factor of osteoporosis. Our purposes were to estimate calcium and vitamin D intake in Korean women, and to determine associated risk factors for low calcium and vitamin D intake. This is a multicenter, hospital-based, and cross-sectional study on osteoporosis. In this study, 1516 women of 50 years or older were involved. Dietary calcium and vitamin D intake were evaluated using the self-reporting KCAT questionnaire. Average daily calcium intake was 662.8 ± 473.8 mg, and vitamin D intake 9.5 ± 10.7 μg. In multivariate analysis, older age (OR 1.02, 95 % CI 1.00-1.04, p = 0.001), and rural residence (OR 2.43, 95 % CI 1.34-4.43, p = 0.004) were significant risk factors for lower calcium intake, and older age (OR 1.03, 95 % CI 1.02-1.04, p < 0.001), and rural residence (OR 1.85, 95 % CI 1.10-3.11, p < 0.001) were significant risk factors for lower vitamin D intake. About 70 % of women aged 50 years or older had calcium and vitamin D intake below the recommended dietary intake. Older age and rural residence were significant risk factors for lower calcium and vitamin D intake in Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kyun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Ki Min
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Won Byun
- Department of Endocrinology, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongsoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Chan Ha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-ku, Seoul, 156-755, South Korea.
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Iwasaki M, Kimura Y, Ogawa H, Wada T, Sakamoto R, Ishimoto Y, Fujisawa M, Okumiya K, Ansai T, Miyazaki H, Matsubayashi K. The association between dentition status and sarcopenia in Japanese adults aged ≥75 years. J Oral Rehabil 2016; 44:51-58. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Iwasaki
- Division of Preventive Dentistry; Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
- Division of Community Oral Health Development; Kyushu Dental University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Y. Kimura
- Graduate School of Human Sciences; Osaka University; Osaka Japan
| | - H. Ogawa
- Division of Preventive Dentistry; Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - T. Wada
- Center for Southeast Asian Studies; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - R. Sakamoto
- Center for Southeast Asian Studies; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Y. Ishimoto
- Course of Nursing; Graduate School of Medicine; Mie University; Mie Japan
| | - M. Fujisawa
- Center for Southeast Asian Studies; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - K. Okumiya
- Center for Southeast Asian Studies; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - T. Ansai
- Division of Community Oral Health Development; Kyushu Dental University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - H. Miyazaki
- Division of Preventive Dentistry; Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - K. Matsubayashi
- Center for Southeast Asian Studies; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
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Iwasaki M, Yoshihara A, Ogawa H, Sato M, Muramatsu K, Watanabe R, Ansai T, Miyazaki H. Longitudinal association of dentition status with dietary intake in Japanese adults aged 75 to 80 years. J Oral Rehabil 2016; 43:737-44. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Iwasaki
- Division of Preventive Dentistry; Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
- Division of Community Oral Health Development; Kyushu Dental University; Kitakyushu Japan
| | - A. Yoshihara
- Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion; Department of Oral Health and Welfare; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - H. Ogawa
- Division of Preventive Dentistry; Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - M. Sato
- Division of Preventive Dentistry; Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - K. Muramatsu
- Takasaki University of Health and Welfare; Takasaki Japan
| | - R. Watanabe
- Department of Health and Nutrition; University of Niigata Prefecture; Niigata Japan
| | - T. Ansai
- Division of Community Oral Health Development; Kyushu Dental University; Kitakyushu Japan
| | - H. Miyazaki
- Division of Preventive Dentistry; Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
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Abstract
The number of older adults living in the USA, 65 years of age and older, has been steadily increasing. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007-2010, indicate that more than one-third of older adults, 65 years of age and older, were obese. With the increased rate of obesity in older adults, the purpose of this paper is to present research on different methods to prevent or manage obesity in older adults, namely dietary interventions, physical activity interventions, and a combination of dietary and physical activity interventions. In addition, research on community assistance programs in the prevention of obesity with aging will be discussed. Finally, data on federal programs for older adults will also be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Lucia Volpe
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Room 381, 3rd Floor, Parkway Building, 1601 Cherry Street, Mail Stop 31030, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA.
| | - Deeptha Sukumar
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Room 381, 3rd Floor, Parkway Building, 1601 Cherry Street, Mail Stop 31030, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Brandy-Joe Milliron
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Room 381, 3rd Floor, Parkway Building, 1601 Cherry Street, Mail Stop 31030, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
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Farshidfar F, Shulgina V, Myrie SB. Nutritional supplementations and administration considerations for sarcopenia in older adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/nua-150057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Farshidfar
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Veronika Shulgina
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Semone B. Myrie
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Ter Borg S, de Groot LCPGM, Mijnarends DM, de Vries JHM, Verlaan S, Meijboom S, Luiking YC, Schols JMGA. Differences in Nutrient Intake and Biochemical Nutrient Status Between Sarcopenic and Nonsarcopenic Older Adults-Results From the Maastricht Sarcopenia Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:393-401. [PMID: 26825685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence of a relationship between nutrients and muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. Although nutrition is seen as an important pillar of treating sarcopenia, data on the nutritional intake of sarcopenic older adults are limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate potential nutritional gaps in the sarcopenic population, the present study compared nutrient intake and biochemical nutrient status between sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic older adults. DESIGN The Maastricht Sarcopenia Study included 227 community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) from Maastricht, 53 of whom were sarcopenic based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People algorithm. Habitual dietary intake was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire and data on dietary supplement use were collected. In addition, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, magnesium and α-tocopherol/cholesterol, plasma homocysteine and red blood cell n-3, and n-6 fatty acids profiles were assessed. Nutrient intake and biochemical nutrient status of the sarcopenic groups were compared with those of the nonsarcopenic groups. The robustness of these results was tested with a multiple regression analysis, taking into account between-group differences in characteristics. RESULTS Sarcopenic older adults had a 10%-18% lower intake of 5 nutrients (n-3 fatty acids, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin E, magnesium) compared with nonsarcopenic older adults (P < .05). When taking into account dietary supplement intake, a 19% difference remained for n-3 fatty acids intake (P = .005). For the 2 biochemical status markers, linoleic acid and homocysteine, a 7% and 27% difference was observed, respectively (P < .05). The higher homocysteine level confirmed the observed lower vitamin B intake in the sarcopenic group. Observed differences in eicosapentaenoic acid and 25-hydroxyvitamin D between the groups were related to differences in age and living situation. CONCLUSIONS Sarcopenic older adults differed in certain nutritional intakes and biochemical nutrient status compared with nonsarcopenic older adults. Dietary supplement intake reduced the gap for some of these nutrients. Targeted nutritional intervention may therefore improve the nutritional intake and biochemical status of sarcopenic older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sovianne Ter Borg
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Donja M Mijnarends
- School CAPHRI, Department of Health Services Research, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne H M de Vries
- Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sjors Verlaan
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Meijboom
- Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette C Luiking
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Center for Translational Research in Aging and Longevity, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX
| | - Jos M G A Schols
- School CAPHRI, Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Chan R, Leung J, Woo J. A Prospective Cohort Study to Examine the Association Between Dietary Patterns and Sarcopenia in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older People in Hong Kong. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:336-42. [PMID: 26774365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dietary pattern analysis has recently emerged as an alternative approach to investigate the association between diet and sarcopenia. This study examined the association of dietary patterns with sarcopenia in Chinese community-dwelling older people. METHODS Chinese men and women aged 65 years or older participating in a cohort study examining the risk factors for osteoporosis completed a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline between 2001 and 2003. Adherence to a priori dietary patterns, namely the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) was assessed. Factor analysis identified 3 a posterior dietary patterns: "vegetables-fruits," "snacks-drinks-milk products," and "meat-fish." Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia algorithm. Multiple logistic regression was used for cross-sectional analysis (n = 3957) to assess the associations between dietary patterns and prevalent sarcopenia, and for longitudinal analysis (n = 2948) on their associations with 4-year incident sarcopenia with adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS There were 290 (7.3%) (185 men, 105 women) sarcopenic cases at baseline and 264 (9.0%) (160 men, 104 women) incident sarcopenic cases at the 4-year follow-up. At baseline, men in the highest quartile of DQI-I had reduced odds of sarcopenia (Adjusted OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.31-0.81, Ptrend = .004) compared with men in the lowest quartile. Men in the highest quartile of "vegetables-fruits" pattern score (Adjusted OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.36-0.99, Ptrend = .034) showed lower likelihood of sarcopenia compared with men in the lowest quartile. Higher quartile of "snacks-drinks-milk products" pattern score was associated with lower odds of sarcopenia in men (Adjusted OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.24-0.70, Ptrend < .001). There was no association between dietary patterns and prevalent sarcopenia in women. None of the dietary patterns was associated with incident sarcopenia at 4-year in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS Higher DQI-I, higher "vegetables-fruits" dietary pattern score, and higher "snacks-drinks-milk products" dietary pattern score were associated with lower odds of prevalent sarcopenia in Chinese older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.
| | - Jason Leung
- Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
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Park JS, Choi SB, Rhee Y, Chung JW, Choi EY, Kim DW. Parathyroid hormone, calcium, and sodium bridging between osteoporosis and hypertension in postmenopausal Korean women. Calcif Tissue Int 2015; 96:417-29. [PMID: 25707344 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-015-9972-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence of osteoporosis and hypertension, which are considered distinct diseases, has been widely reported. In addition, daily intake of calcium and sodium, as well as parathyroid hormone levels (PTH), is known to be associated with osteoporosis and hypertension. This study aimed to determine the association of low calcium intake, high sodium intake, and PTH levels with osteoporosis and hypertension in postmenopausal Korean women. Data for postmenopausal Korean women aged 50 years or older were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011. Osteoporosis was diagnosed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, while hypertension was diagnosed using blood pressure data. The odds ratios for osteoporosis and hypertension were calculated using logistic regression analysis for quartiles of the daily calcium intake, daily sodium intake, and PTH levels. Women with hypertension had a high coexistence of osteoporosis (43.6 vs. 36.5 %; P = 0.022), and vice versa (21.1 vs. 16.6 %; P = 0.022). PTH was significantly associated with osteoporosis and hypertension, and a high intake of calcium was strongly correlated with a low incidence of osteoporosis. This is the first study to report the characteristics of postmenopausal Korean women who have high dietary sodium intake and low dietary calcium intake, in association with the incidence of osteoporosis and hypertension. Osteoporosis and hypertension were strongly associated with each other, and PTH appears to be a key mediator of both diseases, suggesting a possible pathogenic link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Soo Park
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, CPO Box 8044, Seoul, Korea
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Kim KM, Lim S, Choi KM, Kim JH, Yu SH, Kim TN, Song W, Lim JY, Won CW, Yoo HJ, Jang HC. Sarcopenia in Korea: Prevalence and Clinical Aspects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4235/jkgs.2015.19.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Marwaha RK, Garg MK, Tandon N, Mahalle N. Comparison of body composition between professional sportswomen and apparently healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2015; 19:288-291. [PMID: 25729694 PMCID: PMC4319272 DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.149323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In view of the relationship between physical activity and nutrition on body composition, we assessed lean and fat mass and BMC (total and regional) in professional Indian sportswomen and compared it with apparently healthy age- and sex-matched females. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 104 sportswomen and an equal number of age-matched normal healthy females (controls). They were evaluated for anthropometry and body composition (fat, lean mass, and bone mineral content (BMC) by DXA. RESULTS Mean age (19.1 ± 1.3 vs. 19.4 ± 1.5 years) and body mass index (21.34 ± 3.02 vs. 21.26 ± 4.05 kg/m(2)) were comparable in both groups. Sportswomen had higher intake of energy, macronutrients, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. Total lean mass (33.67 ± 3.49 vs. 31.14 ± 3.52 kg, P < 0.0001), appendicular skeletal muscle index (5.84 ± 0.57 vs. 5.46 ± 0.63 kg/m(2); P < 0.0001) and BMC (2.27 ± 0.32 vs. 2.13 ± 0.34 kg, P < 0.002) was significantly higher and percentage fat mass was significantly lower (33.1 ± 7.5 vs. 37.0 ± 8.3; P < 0.0001) among sportswomen when compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Indian sportswomen have a higher total and regional lean mass, BMC, and lower percentage fat mass when compared with healthy females. Physical activity, energy, protein and calcium intake were positively associated with lean mass and BMC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. K. Garg
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Command Hospital (Southern Command), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nikhil Tandon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Namita Mahalle
- Department of Pathology, Biochemistry Division, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Center, Erandawane, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Oh C, Jho S, No JK, Kim HS. Body composition changes were related to nutrient intakes in elderly men but elderly women had a higher prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in a population of Korean adults. Nutr Res 2014; 35:1-6. [PMID: 25524331 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the relationship between sarcopenic obesity (SO) and nutrition status, according to sex in Korean adults who were 60 years or older. Body composition was categorized as SO, sarcopenic nonobesity, nonsarcopenic obesity, and nonsarcopenic nonobesity. Obesity was defined by body mass index. Sarcopenia was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by weight (Wt) of less than 1 SD below the sex-specific mean for young adults. Subjects included 1433 subjects (658 men and 775 women) who were 60 years or older and who participated in the fifth Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2010. Sarcopenic obesity was more prevalent in women (31.3%) than in men (19.6%). Individuals with SO had significantly higher fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (male: 3.2 ± 1.4, female: 3.4 ± 2.1), and triglycerides (male: 167.3 ± 90.6 mg/dL, female: 160.7 ± 85.0 mg/dL). High-density lipoprotein was under the normal criteria (50 mg/dL) in women. Intake of nutrients associated with muscle loss (protein, vitamin D, calcium, and vitamin C) was significantly different among the male but not the female groups. Although protein intake was normal, calcium and vitamin D intakes were insufficient in all groups. In conclusion, body composition changes were related to nutrient intakes in elderly (60 years or older) men but not elderly women. Women had a higher prevalence of SO than did men, suggesting that early nutritional intervention in elderly women may help them address age-associated body composition changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chorong Oh
- Department of Nutrition and Health Care, Kyungsung University, Busan, 309, Suyeong-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 608-736, South Korea.
| | - Sunkug Jho
- Center for Rehabilitation & Clinical Aging Research Institute, Pusan Medical Center, 359, Worldcup-daero, Yonje-gu, Busan 611-706, Korea.
| | - Jae-Kyung No
- Department of Nutrition and Health Care, Kyungsung University, Busan, 309, Suyeong-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 608-736, South Korea.
| | - Hak-Seon Kim
- Department of Foodservice Management, Kyungsung University, Busan, 309, Suyeong-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 608-736, South Korea.
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Kim KM, Choi SH, Lim S, Moon JH, Kim JH, Kim SW, Jang HC, Shin CS. Interactions between dietary calcium intake and bone mineral density or bone geometry in a low calcium intake population (KNHANES IV 2008-2010). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:2409-17. [PMID: 24684465 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Little is known about the interactions between dietary calcium intake and bone strength parameters in populations or areas with low calcium intake. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between dietary calcium intake and bone mineral density (BMD) or bone geometry in an Asian population with low calcium intake. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a cross-sectional study of data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008-2010. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3448 men and 3812 women older than 50 years were stratified by daily dietary calcium intake: less than 400 mg/d, 400-799 mg/d, 800-1199 mg/d, and 1200 mg/d or greater. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and the geometric index was calculated. RESULTS Mean daily calcium intake was 470 mg/d in this population. BMD in the lumbar spine (both sexes) and femoral neck (women) was significantly lower only when calcium intake was less than 400 mg/d. In men, femoral neck and total hip BMD was positively related to calcium intake up to 1200 mg/d. Calcium intake less than 400 mg/d was negatively related to femoral cortical thickness and buckling ratio. These interactions disappeared when the 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was 30 ng/mL or greater in men and 20 ng/mL or greater in women. CONCLUSIONS Low calcium intake was significantly related with low BMD and increased risk of osteoporosis. However, the association between calcium and BMD was not consistently linear, and a sufficient vitamin D level appears to compensate for the negative influences of low calcium intake on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine (K.M.K., S.H.C., S.L., J.H.M., H.C.J.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 137-761, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine (J.H.K., C.S.S.), Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Korea; and Department of Internal Medicine (S.W.K.), Borame Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 156-707, Korea
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48
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Renoud A, Ecochard R, Marchand F, Chapurlat R, Szulc P. Predictive parameters of accelerated muscle loss in men-MINOS study. Am J Med 2014; 127:554-61. [PMID: 24524994 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging-related muscle loss is a public health problem. We investigated the association of lifestyle and hormonal factors with a prospectively assessed muscle loss in older men. METHODS Among 608 home-dwelling men, aged 60-85 (mean 68) years, lifestyle and health status were evaluated through a questionnaire. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was estimated using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and calculated as the sum of lean mass of the 4 limbs. Free testosterone concentration was calculated using concentrations of total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin. Longitudinal data were analyzed by hierarchical models. RESULTS Average muscle loss was 0.63 ± 0.05%/year. The results of our multivariable adjusted analyses showed that muscle loss was higher in men whose leisure physical activity was <15 hours/week versus ≥15 hours/week (-0.76 vs -0.57%/year). Age-related acceleration of muscle loss was greater in men with lower total testosterone levels (<10 vs ≥10 nmol/L: -0.10 vs -0.07%/year/year of age at baseline [age]). Men with lower free testosterone (<75 vs ≥75 pmol/L) had greater age-related acceleration of muscle loss (-0.12 vs -0.08%/year/age). Higher parathyroid hormone concentrations were associated with greater age-related acceleration of muscle loss (≥45 vs <45 pg/mL -0.14 vs -0.12%/year/age). Men with type 2 diabetes had higher age-related acceleration of muscle loss versus men without diabetes (-0.08 vs -0.03%/year/age) (All P values are <.05). CONCLUSION In elderly men, low leisure physical activity, type 2 diabetes, low total and free testosterone, and elevated parathyroid hormone concentrations are associated with greater age-related acceleration of muscle loss. These factors are likely to represent real determinants of aging-related muscle loss in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Renoud
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unit 1033, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - René Ecochard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Lyon, UMR CNRS 5558, Lyon, France
| | | | - Roland Chapurlat
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unit 1033, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pawel Szulc
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unit 1033, University of Lyon, Lyon, France.
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Abstract
The combination of sarcopenia and obesity, an age-related change in body composition, is a concern in the aged society. Sarcopenic obesity is not the combination of two conditions, but is more related to cardio-metabolic and functional abnormalities. Sarcopenic obesity is associated with more physical functional decline than simple obesity. Sarcopenic obesity may be more insulin resistant, and have a higher risk for metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis than simple obesity. However, the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity differs substantially among studies because of the lack of a standard definition. For further understanding of the pathophysiological role of sarcopenic obesity, a standardized definition for both sarcopenia and obesity is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Kohara
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan,
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