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Geng L, Huang S, Zhang T, Li J, Wang L, Zhou J, Gao L, Wang Y, Li J, Guo W, Li Y, Zhang Q. The association between O 2-pulse slope ratio and functional severity of coronary stenosis: A combined cardiopulmonary exercise testing and quantitative flow ratio study. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2024; 52:101409. [PMID: 38646188 PMCID: PMC11033149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2024.101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Background The role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameters in evaluating the functional severity of coronary disease remains unclear. The aim of this study was to quantify the O2-pulse morphology and investigate its relevance in predicting the functional severity of coronary stenosis, using Murray law-based quantitative flow ratio (μQFR) as the reference. Methods CPET and μQFR were analyzed in 138 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). The O2-pulse morphology was quantified through calculating the O2-pulse slope ratio. The presence of O2-pulse plateau was defined according to the best cutoff value of O2-pulse slope ratio for predicting μQFR ≤ 0.8. Results The optimal cutoff value of O2-pulse slope ratio for predicting μQFR ≤ 0.8 was 0.4, with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.632 (95 % CI: 0.505-0.759, p = 0.032). The total discordance rate between O2-pulse slope ratio and μQFR was 27.5 %, with 13 patients (9.4 %) being classified as mismatch (O2-pulse slope ratio > 0.4 and μQFR ≤ 0.8) and 25 patients being classified as reverse-mismatch (O2-pulse slope ratio ≤ 0.4 and μQFR > 0.8). Angiography-derived microvascular resistance was independently associated with mismatch (OR 0.07; 95 % CI: 0.01-0.38, p = 0.002) and reverse-mismatch (OR 9.76; 95 % CI: 1.47-64.82, p = 0.018). Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the potential of the CPET-derived O2-pulse slope ratio for assessing myocardial ischemia in stable CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Geng
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Shangwei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital JI'AN Hospital, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343000, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jimin Li
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Junyan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Liming Gao
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yunkai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
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Zhu M, He H, Yu D, Geng F, Qu M, Yang C. Prediction of prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on serum total bilirubin levels. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37468. [PMID: 38518031 PMCID: PMC10956998 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Serum bilirubin levels may have therapeutic benefits in oxidative stress-related diseases, but their role in stroke remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum bilirubin levels on admission and clinical outcomes in ischemic stroke patients. We prospectively collected data from consecutive ischemic stroke admissions. Serum total bilirubin (TBIL) and direct bilirubin levels on admission were measured. Stroke severity at admission was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and functional status at discharge was evaluated using the modified Rankin scale. Among 180 patients, lower TBIL levels were observed in all 3 groups, with the mild group (7.89 ± 2.12 μmol/L) having lower levels than the moderate group (8.01 ± 2.12 μmol/L) and the severe group (9.12 ± 2.12 μmol/L). Although TBIL levels were initially associated with stroke severity, this relationship did not hold after adjusting for confounding factors. Serum bilirubin levels appear to be related to stroke severity but not independently associated with outcomes in ischemic stroke patients. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of this relationship. There is a strong correlation between serum bilirubin levels and the severity and prognosis of ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, early control of serum TBIL and direct bilirubin is crucial for the treatment and prognosis of ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsu Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Huan He
- Department of Diabetes, Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Dongdong Yu
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Fengjing Geng
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Mingwei Qu
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Chaoping Yang
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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Mone P, Jankauskas SS, Manzi MV, Gambardella J, Coppola A, Kansakar U, Izzo R, Fiorentino G, Lombardi A, Varzideh F, Sorriento D, Trimarco B, Santulli G. Endothelial Extracellular Vesicles Enriched in microRNA-34a Predict New-Onset Diabetes in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients: Novel Insights for Long COVID Metabolic Sequelae. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 389:34-39. [PMID: 38336381 PMCID: PMC10949163 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the relationship between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and diabetes is 2-fold: 1) it is known that the presence of diabetes and other metabolic alterations poses a considerably high risk to develop a severe COVID-19; 2) patients who survived a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have an increased risk of developing new-onset diabetes. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are mostly unknown, and there are no reliable biomarkers to predict the development of new-onset diabetes. In the present study, we demonstrate that a specific microRNA (miR-34a) contained in circulating extracellular vesicles released by endothelial cells reliably predicts the risk of developing new-onset diabetes in COVID-19. This association was independent of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, and D-dimer. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We demonstrate for the first time that a specific microRNA (miR-34a) contained in circulating extracellular vesicles released by endothelial cells is able to reliably predict the risk of developing diabetes after having contracted coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This association was independent of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, and D-dimer. Our findings are also relevant when considering the emerging importance of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, with systemic manifestations observed even months after viral negativization (long COVID).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Stanislovas S Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Maria Virginia Manzi
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Antonietta Coppola
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Raffaele Izzo
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Fiorentino
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Daniela Sorriento
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Einstein Institute for Aging Research (P.M., S.S.J., J.G., U.K., A.L., F.V., G.S.) and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (G.S.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (M.V.M., J.G., R.I., D.S., B.T., G.S.); Clinica Montevergine, Mercogliano, Avellino (P.M.); and COVID-19 Division, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy (A.C., G.F.)
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Farhadnejad H, Mokhtari E, Teymoori F, Jahromi MK, Saber N, Ahmadirad H, Norouzzadeh M, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Macronutrients quality indices and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in Iranian adults. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:126. [PMID: 38408923 PMCID: PMC10898212 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03779-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Evidence from recent studies suggested that the quality of dietary macronutrients can play a possible role in predicting the risk of metabolic disorders. In the current study, we aimed to assess the association of carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and protein score with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Iranian adults. METHODS This prospective study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study on 1738 individuals aged between 40 and 70 years old, who were followed up for a mean of 6.1 years. A food frequency questionnaire was used to determine CQI and protein scores. The multivariable adjusted Cox regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of MetS across quartiles of protein score and CQI, and its components. RESULTS The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age and body mass index of the study population (42.5% men) were 49.3 ± 7.5 years and 27.0 ± 4.0 kg/m2, respectively. Mean ± SD scores of CQI and protein for all participants were 12.6 ± 2.4 and 10.3 ± 3.5, respectively. During the study follow-up, 834(48.0%) new cases of MetS were ascertained. In the multivariable-adjusted model, the risk of MetS was decreased across quartiles of CQI (HR = 0.83;95%CI:0.69-1.00, Ptrend=0.025) and protein score (HR = 0.75; 95% CI:0.60-0.94, Ptrend=0.041). Also, Of CQI components, the whole grain/total grains ratio showed a significant inverse association with the risk of MetS (HR = 0.75;95%CI:0.60-0.94, Ptrend=0.012). CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that a dietary pattern with higher CQI and protein score may be related to a reduced risk of MetS in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Farhadnejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mokhtari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Teymoori
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mitra Kazemi Jahromi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Niloufar Saber
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ahmadirad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Norouzzadeh
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Martin SS, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Anderson CAM, Arora P, Avery CL, Baker-Smith CM, Barone Gibbs B, Beaton AZ, Boehme AK, Commodore-Mensah Y, Currie ME, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Generoso G, Heard DG, Hiremath S, Johansen MC, Kalani R, Kazi DS, Ko D, Liu J, Magnani JW, Michos ED, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Parikh NI, Perman SM, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Shah NS, St-Onge MP, Thacker EL, Tsao CW, Urbut SM, Van Spall HGC, Voeks JH, Wang NY, Wong ND, Wong SS, Yaffe K, Palaniappan LP. 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2024; 149:e347-e913. [PMID: 38264914 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and obesity) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose control, and metabolic syndrome) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The AHA Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, brain health, complications of pregnancy, kidney disease, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, sudden cardiac arrest, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, valvular disease, venous thromboembolism, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The AHA, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States and globally to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing. The 2024 AHA Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort in 2023 by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and AHA staff members. The AHA strives to further understand and help heal health problems inflicted by structural racism, a public health crisis that can significantly damage physical and mental health and perpetuate disparities in access to health care, education, income, housing, and several other factors vital to healthy lives. This year's edition includes additional global data, as well as data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with an enhanced focus on health equity across several key domains. RESULTS Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
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Wu X, Qiu W, Yang H, Chen YJ, Liu J, Zhao G. Associations of the triglyceride-glucose index and atherogenic index of plasma with the severity of new-onset coronary artery disease in different glucose metabolic states. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:76. [PMID: 38378553 PMCID: PMC10880297 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02163-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is considered a dependable biomarker for gauging insulin resistance. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) represents a marker reflecting atherosclerosis. However, there is currently no study specifically exploring the associations of these two biomarkers with the severity of new-onset coronary artery disease (CAD) under different glucose metabolic states. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the correlations of these two biomarkers with CAD severity in patients newly diagnosed with CAD under various glucose metabolism conditions. METHOD Totally 570 subjects first administered coronary angiography were enrolled, including 431 first diagnosed CAD patients and 139 non-CAD patients. CAD severity was gauged by the quantity of narrowed arteries (single-vessel and multi-vessel CAD). According to WHO diabetes guidelines, glucose metabolic states were divided into normal glucose regulation (NGR), pre-diabetes mellitus (Pre-DM), and diabetes mellitus (DM). The relationships of the TyG index and AIP with CAD severity were validated by logistic regression analysis, including adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk elements and medical treatments. Their predictive efficacy for CAD was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULT The TyG index and AIP were independently correlated with CAD in accordance with logistic regression analysis (both P < 0.05). Regardless of the glucose metabolic states, there was no statistical correlation between the TyG index and CAD severity. However, AIP in NGR patients was significantly related to CAD severity (P < 0.05). The areas under the curve of the TyG index and AIP for predicting CAD were 0.682 and 0.642 (both P < 0.001), respectively, and their optimal cut-off values were 3.210 (Youden index: 0.305) and 0.095 (Youden index:0.246), respectively. CONCLUSION The TyG index and AIP have significant associations with CAD. The TyG index had no association with CAD severity, regardless of glucose metabolic states. AIP exhibited a discernible link with CAD severity in NGR patients, but not in the pre-DM or DM populations. The TyG index and AIP have similar predictive values for new-onset CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosheng Wu
- Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People's Hospital), Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Qiu
- Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People's Hospital), Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Huancheng Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, 515000, China
| | - Yan-Jun Chen
- Department of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianling Liu
- Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People's Hospital), Qingyuan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guojun Zhao
- Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People's Hospital), Qingyuan, Guangdong, China.
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Zhu XY, Zhang KJ, Li X, Su FF, Tian JW. Prognostic value of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and systemic immune-inflammatory index in elderly patients with acute coronary syndromes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3144. [PMID: 38326538 PMCID: PMC10850071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53540-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) combined with the Systemic Immunoinflammatory Index (SII) for the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) following percutaneous coronary intervention in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1202 elderly patients with acute coronary syndromes divided into MACE and non-MACE groups according to whether they had a MACE. The sensitivity analysis utilized advanced machine learning algorithms to preliminarily identify the critical role of GNRI versus SII in predicting MACE risk. We conducted a detailed analysis using a restricted cubic spline approach to investigate the nonlinear relationship between GNRI, SII, and MACE risk further. We constructed a clinical prediction model based on three key factors: GNRI, SII, and Age. To validate the accuracy and usefulness of this model, we compared it to the widely used GRACE score using subject work and recall curves. Additionally, we compared the predictive value of models and GRACE scores in assessing the risk of MACE using the Integrated Discriminant Improvement Index (IDI) and the Net Reclassification Index (NRI). This study included 827 patients. The GNRI scores were lower in the MACE group than in the non-MACE group, while the SII scores were higher in the MACE group (P < 0.001). The multifactorial analysis revealed a low GNRI (OR = 2.863, 95% CI: 2.026-4.047, P = 0.001), High SII (OR = 3.102, 95% CI: 2.213-4.348, P = 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) for the predictive model was 0.778 (95% CI: 0.744-0.813, P = 0.001), while the AUC for the GRACE score was 0.744 (95% CI: 0.708-0.779, P = 0.001). NRI was calculated to be 0.5569, with NRI + at 0.1860 and NRI- at 0.3708. The IDI was found to be 0.0571, with a P-value of less than 0.001. These results suggest that the newly developed prediction model is more suitable for use with the population in this study than the GRACE score. The model constructed using GNRI and SII demonstrated good standardization and clinical impact, as evidenced by the standard, DCA, and clinical impact curves. The study shows that combining GNRI and SII can be a simple, cost-effective, and valuable way to predict the risk of MACE within one year in elderly acute coronary syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yu Zhu
- Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075031, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Air Force Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Kai-Jie Zhang
- Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Fei-Fei Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Air Force Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Wei Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Air Force Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100142, Beijing, China.
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Haramshahi M, A-Elgadir TME, Daabo HMA, Altinkaynak Y, Hjazi A, Saxena A, Najm MAA, Almulla AF, Alsaalamy A, Kashani MA. Nutrient patterns and risk of diabetes mellitus type 2: a case-control study. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:10. [PMID: 38229053 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01540-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Although the significance of diet in preventing or managing diabetes complications is highlighted in current literature, there is insufficient evidence regarding the correlation between nutrient patterns and these complications. The objective of this case-control study is to investigate this relationship by analyzing the dietary intake of nutrients in participants with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS A case-control study was conducted at the Tabriz Center of Metabolism and Endocrinology to investigate the relationship between nutrient patterns and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study enrolled 225 newly diagnosed cases of T2D and 225 controls. The dietary intake of nutrients was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Principal component analysis using Varimax rotation was used to obtain nutrient patterns. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the risk of T2D. RESULTS The participants' mean (SD) age and BMI were 39.8 (8.8) years and 27.8 (3.6) kg/m2, respectively. The results identified three major nutrient patterns. The first nutrient pattern was characterized by high consumption of sucrose, animal protein, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B12, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and potassium. The second nutrient pattern included fiber, plant protein, vitamin D, Riboflavin, Vitamin B5, copper, and Magnesium. The third nutrient pattern was characterized by fiber, plant protein, vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin C, calcium, and potassium. Individuals in the highest tertile of nutrient pattern 3 (NP3) had a lower risk of T2D compared to those in the lowest tertile after adjusting for confounders. The odds ratio was 0.52 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.30-0.89 and a P_trend of 0.039. CONCLUSION This study found that conforming to a nutrient pattern consisting of plant protein, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B2, potassium, and calcium is linked to a lower likelihood of developing T2D.The initial results suggest that following a nutrient pattern that includes these nutrients may reduce the risk of T2D. However, further research is required to confirm the relationship between nutrient patterns and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Haramshahi
- Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Yahya Altinkaynak
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Archana Saxena
- Department of Management, Uttaranchal Institute of Management, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mazin A A Najm
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Abbas F Almulla
- College of technical engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of technical engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, 66002, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Amin Kashani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Nabrdalik K, Kwiendacz H, Irlik K, Hendel M, Drożdż K, Wijata AM, Nalepa J, Janota O, Wójcik W, Gumprecht J, Lip GYH. Machine learning identification of risk factors for heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): the Silesia Diabetes-Heart Project. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:318. [PMID: 37985994 PMCID: PMC10661663 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-02014-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM), heart failure (HF) and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are overlapping diseases of increasing prevalence. Because there are still high numbers of patients with HF who are undiagnosed and untreated, there is a need for improving efforts to better identify HF in patients with DM with or without MASLD. This study aims to develop machine learning (ML) models for assessing the risk of the HF occurrence in patients with DM with and without MASLD. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In the Silesia Diabetes-Heart Project (NCT05626413), patients with DM with and without MASLD were analyzed to identify the most important HF risk factors with the use of a ML approach. The multiple logistic regression (MLR) classifier exploiting the most discriminative patient's parameters selected by the χ2 test following the Monte Carlo strategy was implemented. The classification capabilities of the ML models were quantified using sensitivity, specificity, and the percentage of correctly classified (CC) high- and low-risk patients. RESULTS We studied 2000 patients with DM (mean age 58.85 ± SD 17.37 years; 48% women). In the feature selection process, we identified 5 parameters: age, type of DM, atrial fibrillation (AF), hyperuricemia and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In the case of MASLD( +) patients, the same criterion was met by 3 features: AF, hyperuricemia and eGFR, and for MASLD(-) patients, by 2 features: age and eGFR. Amongst all patients, sensitivity and specificity were 0.81 and 0.70, respectively, with the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.84 (95% CI 0.82-0.86). CONCLUSION A ML approach demonstrated high performance in identifying HF in patients with DM independently of their MASLD status, as well as both in patients with and without MASLD based on easy-to-obtain patient parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Nabrdalik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Hanna Kwiendacz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Irlik
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Students' Scientific Association By the Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mirela Hendel
- Students' Scientific Association By the Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Drożdż
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata M Wijata
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jakub Nalepa
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Algorithmics and Software, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Oliwia Janota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Wójcik
- Students' Scientific Association By the Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Janusz Gumprecht
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Danish Center for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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10
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Lanuza F, Meroño T, Zamora-Ros R, Bondonno NP, Rostgaard-Hansen AL, Sánchez-Pla A, Miro B, Carmona-Pontaque F, Riccardi G, Tjønneland A, Landberg R, Halkjær J, Andres-Lacueva C. Plasma metabolomic profiles of plant-based dietary indices reveal potential pathways for metabolic syndrome associations. Atherosclerosis 2023; 382:117285. [PMID: 37778133 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plant-based dietary patterns have been associated with improved health outcomes. This study aims to describe the metabolomic fingerprints of plant-based diet indices (PDI) and examine their association with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a Danish population. METHODS The MAX study comprised 676 participants (55% women, aged 18-67 y) from Copenhagen. Sociodemographic and dietary data were collected using questionnaires and three 24-h dietary recalls over one year (at baseline, and at 6 and 12 months). Mean dietary intakes were computed, as well as overall PDI, healthful (hPDI) and unhealthful (uPDI) scores, according to food groups for each plant-based index. Clinical variables were also collected at the same time points in a health examination that included complete blood tests. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Plasma metabolites were measured using a targeted metabolomics approach. Metabolites associated with PDI were selected using random forest models and their relationships with PDIs and MetS were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. RESULTS The mean prevalence of MetS was 10.8%. High, compared to low, hPDI and uPDI scores were associated with a lower and higher odd of MetS, respectively [odds ratio (95%CI); hPDI: 0.56 (0.43-0.74); uPDI: 1.61 (1.26-2.05)]. Out of 411 quantified plasma metabolites, machine-learning metabolomics fingerprinting revealed 13 metabolites, including food and food-related microbial metabolites, like hypaphorine, indolepropionic acid and lignan-derived enterolactones. These metabolites were associated with all PDIs and were inversely correlated with MetS components (p < 0.05). Furthermore, they had an explainable contribution of 12% and 14% for the association between hPDI or uPDI, respectively, and MetS only among participants with overweight/obesity. CONCLUSIONS Metabolites associated with PDIs were inversely associated with MetS and its components, and may partially explain the effects of plant-based diets on cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Lanuza
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de L'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Tomas Meroño
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de L'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de L'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Nicola P Bondonno
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Alex Sánchez-Pla
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berta Miro
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de L'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Statistics and Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Carmona-Pontaque
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de L'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
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11
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Rojo-López MI, Bermúdez-López M, Castro E, Farràs C, Torres G, Pamplona R, Lecube A, Valdivielso JM, Fernández E, Julve J, Castelblanco E, Franch-Nadal J, Alonso N, Granado-Casas M, Mauricio D. Low adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with increased prevalence and number of atherosclerotic plaques in the ILERVAS cohort. Atherosclerosis 2023; 380:117191. [PMID: 37586219 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Current research on the association between dietary patterns and subclinical atherosclerotic disease (SAD) is still limited, and published results are inconsistent and often consist of small population sizes. We aimed to evaluate the association between the Mediterranean diet (MDiet) and SAD in a large cohort of Mediterranean individuals. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that included 8116 subjects from the ILERVAS cohort. The presence of atherosclerotic plaques (AP) was assessed by ultrasound examination. Adherence to the MDiet was assessed using the 14-item Mediterranean Diet Adherence Score (MEDAS). Inclusion criteria were subjects with at least one cardiovascular risk factor. Exclusion criteria were a clinical history of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or a prior cardiovascular event. Bivariable and multivariable models were performed. RESULTS Compared with subjects without SAD, participants with SAD were older and had a higher frequency of smoking habit, hypertension, dyslipidemia, HbA1c and waist circumference. The adjusted multivariable analysis showed that a higher MEDAS was associated with a lower risk of AP (incidence rate ratios [IRR] 0.97, 95% CI [0.96-0.98]; p<0.001). Furthermore, moderate or high adherence to the MDiet was associated with a lower number of AP compared with a low MDiet adherence (IRR 0.90, 95% CI [0.87-0.94]; p<0.001). In both models, female sex was associated with a lower risk of AP. CONCLUSIONS Our findings point to a potentially protective role of MDiet for SAD in a Mediterranean population with low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk. Further research is needed to establish a causal relationship between both variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Idalia Rojo-López
- Research Group of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcelino Bermúdez-López
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida, Renal Research Network (RedInRen, ISCIII), Lleida, Spain
| | - Eva Castro
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida, Renal Research Network (RedInRen, ISCIII), Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristina Farràs
- Cappont Primary Care Center. Territorial Management of Lleida, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain; Research Support Unit Lleida, Jordi Gol i Gorina Primary Health Care Research Institute Foundation (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Torres
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, Translational Research Group Respiratory Medicine, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Albert Lecube
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, Obesity and Metabolism Research Group (ODIM), IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Valdivielso
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida, Renal Research Network (RedInRen, ISCIII), Lleida, Spain
| | - Elvira Fernández
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida, Renal Research Network (RedInRen, ISCIII), Lleida, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Research Group of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esmeralda Castelblanco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA; DAP-Cat Group, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Franch-Nadal
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; DAP-Cat Group, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Alonso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Minerva Granado-Casas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Lleida, Health Care Research Group (GRECS), IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Dídac Mauricio
- Research Group of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; DAP-Cat Group, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic (UVIC/UCC), Vic, Spain.
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12
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Visco V, Izzo C, Bonadies D, Di Feo F, Caliendo G, Loria F, Mancusi C, Chivasso P, Di Pietro P, Virtuoso N, Carrizzo A, Vecchione C, Ciccarelli M. Interventions to Address Cardiovascular Risk in Obese Patients: Many Hands Make Light Work. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:327. [PMID: 37623340 PMCID: PMC10455377 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10080327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing public health epidemic worldwide and is implicated in slowing improved life expectancy and increasing cardiovascular (CV) risk; indeed, several obesity-related mechanisms drive structural, functional, humoral, and hemodynamic heart alterations. On the other hand, obesity may indirectly cause CV disease, mediated through different obesity-associated comorbidities. Diet and physical activity are key points in preventing CV disease and reducing CV risk; however, these strategies alone are not always sufficient, so other approaches, such as pharmacological treatments and bariatric surgery, must support them. Moreover, these strategies are associated with improved CV risk factors and effectively reduce the incidence of death and CV events such as myocardial infarction and stroke; consequently, an individualized care plan with a multidisciplinary approach is recommended. More precisely, this review explores several interventions (diet, physical activity, pharmacological and surgical treatments) to address CV risk in obese patients and emphasizes the importance of adherence to treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Visco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Carmine Izzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Davide Bonadies
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Federica Di Feo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Caliendo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Francesco Loria
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Costantino Mancusi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Pierpaolo Chivasso
- Department of Emergency Cardiac Surgery, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Paola Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Nicola Virtuoso
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
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Vajdi M, Karimi A, Tousi AZ, Hosseini B, Nikniaz Z, Farhangi MA. Association between plant-based diets and metabolic syndrome in obese adults from Iran: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:109. [PMID: 37193979 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common chronic disease with several complications. Given that, studies on the association of plant-based diet indices (PDIs) with risk of MetS among adults with obesity, are limited, we aimed to examine the association between PDIs (including overall PDI, healthy PDI (hPDI), unhealthy PDI (uPDI)) and MetS in Iranian adults with obesity. METHODS In Tabriz, Iran, a total of 347 adults between the ages of 20 and 50 participated in this cross-sectional research study. We created an overall PDI, hPDI, and uPDI from validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data. To investigate the association between hPDI, overall PDI, uPDI, and MetS and its components, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS The average age was 40.78 ± 9.23 years, and the average body mass index was 32.62 ± 4.80 kg/m2. There was no significant association between overall PDI (OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.54-1.47), hPDI (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.48-1.40), and uPDI (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.87-2.46) with MetS, even after adjustment for confounders. Moreover, our findings showed that participants with the highest adherence to uPDI had a higher chance of hyperglycemia (OR: 2.50; 95% CI: 1.13-5.52). Also, this association was significant in the first (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.04-6.04) and second (OR: 2.58; 95% CI: 1.05-6.33) models, after controlling for covariates. However, in both adjusted and crude models, we did not find a significant association between hPDI and PDI scores and MetS components such as high triglyceride, high waist circumference, low High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, raised blood pressure, and hyperglycemia. Moreover, those in the top tertile of uPDI had higher fasting blood sugar and insulin levels when compared with those in the first tertile, and subjects in the last tertile of hPDI compared with participants in the first tertile had lower weight, waist-to-hip ratio, and fat-free mass. CONCLUSION We found a direct significant association between uPDI and odds of hyperglycemia in the whole population of study. Future large-scale, prospective studies on PDIs and the MetS are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ayda Zahiri Tousi
- Razavi Cancer Research Center, Razavi Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Babak Hosseini
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nikniaz
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Attar Neyshabouri, Daneshgah Blv, Tabriz, Iran.
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14
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Mantzorou M, Mentzelou M, Vasios GK, Kontogiorgis C, Antasouras G, Vadikolias K, Psara E, Vorvolakos T, Poulios E, Serdari A, Papadopoulou SK, Giaginis C. Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Favorable Health-Related Quality of Life, Physical Activity, and Sleep Quality in a Community-Dwelling Greek Older Population. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12050983. [PMID: 37237849 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12050983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a beneficial dietary pattern with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can promote mental and physical human health. This study aims to assess the impact of MD adherence on health-related quality of life, physical activity levels, and sleep quality in a representative Greek elderly population. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 3254 persons ≥65 years from 14 different Greek regions, urban, rural and islands participated in this study, of which 48.4% were female and 51.6% were male. Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) was evaluated utilizing a short form healthy survey, physical activity was determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), sleep quality was assessed utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and MD adherence was assessed via the Mediterranean Diet Score (MedDietScore). RESULTS Moderate adherence to the MD and an increased prevalence of poor quality of life, low physical activity levels and inadequate sleep quality among the elderly population were recorded. High MD adherence was independently associated with better quality of life (OR: 2.31, 95% CI: 2.06-2.68, p = 0.0008), higher physical activity (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.47-2.35, p = 0.0141) and adequate sleep quality (OR: 2.11, 95%: 1.79-2.44, p = 0.0018), female sex (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.02-1.68, p = 0.0032) and living with others (OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 0.81-1.76, p = 0.0375), after adjustment for potential confounding factors. In unadjusted analysis, participants' age (p < 0.0001), anthropometric characteristics (p < 0.005), educational (p = 0.0026) and financial status (p = 0.0005) and smoking habits (p = 0.0031) were also identified as indicators of MD adherence; however, their impact on MD adherence was considerably attenuated after adjusting for confounding factors (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION High MD adherence was correlated with favorable quality of life, higher levels of physical activity, and a more adequate sleep quality score. Strategies and public health policies that facilitate MD adherence and physical activity in older adults may improve sleep and quality of life, impacting overall wellbeing in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mantzorou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Georgios K Vasios
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Christos Kontogiorgis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgios Antasouras
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Vadikolias
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexadroupolis, Greece
| | - Evmorfia Psara
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Theofanis Vorvolakos
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexadroupolis, Greece
| | - Efthymios Poulios
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Aspasia Serdari
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexadroupolis, Greece
| | - Sousana K Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
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15
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Wang X, Cao M, Liu Z, Chen L, Zhou Y, Gao P, Zou Y. Association between Cardiovascular Response and Inflammatory Cytokines in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10040173. [PMID: 37103052 PMCID: PMC10144044 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10040173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is an essential comorbidity in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and represents an independent risk factor for increased mortality. Therefore, careful monitoring of cardiovascular disease is crucial in the healthcare of NSCLC patients. Inflammatory factors have previously been associated with myocardial damage in NSCLC patients, but it remains unclear whether serum inflammatory factors can be utilized to assess the cardiovascular health status in NSCLC patients. A total of 118 NSCLC patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, and their baseline data were collected through a hospital electronic medical record system. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the serum levels of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), interleukin (IL)-18, IL-1β, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software. Multivariate and ordinal logistic regression models were constructed. The data revealed an increased serum level of LIF in the group using tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-targeted drugs compared to non-users (p < 0.001). Furthermore, serum TGF-β1 (area under the curve, AUC: 0.616) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) (AUC: 0.720) levels were clinically evaluated and found to be correlated with pre-clinical cardiovascular injury in NSCLC patients. Notably, the serum levels of cTnT and TGF-β1 were found to indicate the extent of pre-clinical cardiovascular injury in NSCLC patients. In conclusion, the results suggest that serum LIF, as well as TGFβ1 together with cTnT, are potential serum biomarkers for the assessment of cardiovascular status in NSCLC patients. These findings offer novel insights into the assessment of cardiovascular health and underscore the importance of monitoring cardiovascular health in the management of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mengying Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zilong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yufei Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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16
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Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Anderson CAM, Arora P, Avery CL, Baker-Smith CM, Beaton AZ, Boehme AK, Buxton AE, Commodore-Mensah Y, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Eze-Nliam C, Fugar S, Generoso G, Heard DG, Hiremath S, Ho JE, Kalani R, Kazi DS, Ko D, Levine DA, Liu J, Ma J, Magnani JW, Michos ED, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Parikh NI, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Shah NS, St-Onge MP, Thacker EL, Virani SS, Voeks JH, Wang NY, Wong ND, Wong SS, Yaffe K, Martin SS. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2023; 147:e93-e621. [PMID: 36695182 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 859] [Impact Index Per Article: 859.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing. The 2023 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort in 2022 by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. The American Heart Association strives to further understand and help heal health problems inflicted by structural racism, a public health crisis that can significantly damage physical and mental health and perpetuate disparities in access to health care, education, income, housing, and several other factors vital to healthy lives. This year's edition includes additional COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) publications, as well as data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with an enhanced focus on health equity across several key domains. RESULTS Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
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Mohammadi AH, Behjati M, Karami M, Abari AH, Sobhani-Nasab A, Rourani HA, Hazrati E, Mirghazanfari SM, Hadi V, Hadi S, Milajerdi A. An overview on role of nutrition on COVID-19 immunity: Accumulative review from available studies. Clin Nutr Open Sci 2023; 47:6-43. [PMID: 36540357 PMCID: PMC9754583 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) conveys a serious global threat to health and economy. A common predisposing factor for development to serious progressive disease is presence of a low-grade inflammation, e.g., as seen in diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and heart failure. Micronutrient deficiencies may also contribute to the development of this state. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to explore the role of the nutrition to relieve progression of COVID-19. According PRISMA protocol, we conducted an online databases search including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and web of science for published literatures in the era of COVID-19 Outbreak regarding to the status of nutrition and COVID-19 until December 2021. There were available studies (80 studies) providing direct evidence regarding the associations between the status of nutrition and COVID-19 infection. Adequate nutritional supply is essential for resistance against other viral infections and also for improvement of immune function and reduction of inflammation. Hence, it is suggested that nutritional intervention which secures an adequate status might protect against the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - coronavirus-2) and mitigate its course. We also recommend initiation of adequate nutritional supplementation in high-risk areas and/or soon after the time of suspected infection with SARS-CoV-2. Subjects in high-risk groups should have high priority for applying this nutritive adjuvant therapy that should be started prior to administration of specific and supportive medical measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mohammadi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Behjati
- Cellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Karami
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afrouzossadat Hosseini Abari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Sobhani-Nasab
- Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Core Research Lab, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Amini Rourani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Hazrati
- Trauma Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayid Mahdi Mirghazanfari
- Department of Physiology and Iranian Medicine, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Vahid Hadi
- Department of Health, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Hadi
- Department of Health, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Milajerdi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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18
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Zhao D, Sun H, Li H, Li C, Zhou B. A prediction model for the impact of environmental and genetic factors on cardiovascular events: development in a salt substitutes population. J Transl Med 2023; 21:62. [PMID: 36717874 PMCID: PMC9887817 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03899-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has evolved into a serious public health issue that demands the use of suitable methods to estimate the risk of the disease. As a result, in a sample of individuals who completed a 3-year low-sodium salt or conventional salt intervention in a hypertensive environment, we constructed a 13-year cardiovascular (CV) event risk prediction model with a 10-year follow-up. METHODS A Cox proportional hazards model was used to build a prediction model based on data from 306 participants who matched the inclusion criteria. Both the discriminating power and the calibration of the prediction models were assessed. The discriminative power of the prediction model was measured using the area under the curve (AUC). Brier scores and calibration plots were used to assess the prediction model's calibration. The model was internally validated using the tenfold cross-validation method. The nomogram served as a tool for visualising the model. RESULTS Among the 306 total individuals, there were 100 cases and 206 control. In the model, there were six predictors including age, smoking, LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), baseline SBP (systolic blood pressure), CVD (cardiovascular history), and CNV (genomic copy number variation) nsv483076. The fitted model has an AUC of 0.788, showing strong model discrimination, and a Brier score of 0.166, indicating that it was well-calibrated. According to the results of internal validation, the prediction model utilised in this study had a good level of repeatability. According to the model integrating the interaction of CNVs and baseline blood pressure, the effect of baseline SBP on CV events may be greater when nsv483076 was normal double copies than when nsv483076 was copy number variation. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of risk prediction models for CV events that include environmental and genetic components is excellent, and they may be utilised as risk assessment tools for CV events in specific groups to offer a foundation for tailored intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning China ,grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning China
| | - Hao Sun
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning China
| | - Huamin Li
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning China ,grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning China
| | - Chaoxiu Li
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning China ,grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Zhu Q, Qin M, Wang Z, Wu Y, Chen X, Liu C, Ma Q, Liu Y, Lai W, Chen H, Cai J, Liu Y, Lei F, Zhang B, Zhang S, He G, Li H, Zhang M, Zheng H, Chen J, Huang M, Zhong S. Plasma metabolomics provides new insights into the relationship between metabolites and outcomes and left ventricular remodeling of coronary artery disease. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:173. [PMID: 36242008 PMCID: PMC9569076 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a metabolically perturbed pathological condition. However, the knowledge of metabolic signatures on outcomes of CAD and their potential causal effects and impacts on left ventricular remodeling remains limited. We aim to assess the contribution of plasma metabolites to the risk of death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) as well as left ventricular remodeling. RESULTS In a prospective study with 1606 Chinese patients with CAD, we have identified and validated several independent metabolic signatures through widely-targeted metabolomics. The predictive model respectively integrating four metabolic signatures (dulcitol, β-pseudouridine, 3,3',5-Triiodo-L-thyronine, and kynurenine) for death (AUC of 83.7% vs. 76.6%, positive IDI of 0.096) and metabolic signatures (kynurenine, lysoPC 20:2, 5-methyluridine, and L-tryptophan) for MACE (AUC of 67.4% vs. 59.8%, IDI of 0.068) yielded better predictive value than trimethylamine N-oxide plus clinical model, which were successfully applied to predict patients with high risks of death (P = 0.0014) and MACE (P = 0.0008) in the multicenter validation cohort. Mendelian randomisation analysis showed that 11 genetically inferred metabolic signatures were significantly associated with risks of death or MACE, such as 4-acetamidobutyric acid, phenylacetyl-L-glutamine, tryptophan metabolites (kynurenine, kynurenic acid), and modified nucleosides (β-pseudouridine, 2-(dimethylamino) guanosine). Mediation analyses show that the association of these metabolites with the outcomes could be partly explained by their roles in promoting left ventricular dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS This study provided new insights into the relationship between plasma metabolites and clinical outcomes and its intermediate pathological process left ventricular dysfunction in CAD. The predictive model integrating metabolites can help to improve the risk stratification for death and MACE in CAD. The metabolic signatures appear to increase death or MACE risks partly by promoting adverse left ventricular dysfunction, supporting potential therapeutic targets of CAD for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Min Qin
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Zixian Wang
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Yonglin Wu
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Chen Liu
- grid.412615.50000 0004 1803 6239Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Qilin Ma
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Yibin Liu
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Weihua Lai
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Hui Chen
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- grid.49470.3e0000 0001 2331 6153Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei China
| | - Yemao Liu
- grid.49470.3e0000 0001 2331 6153Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei China
| | - Fang Lei
- grid.49470.3e0000 0001 2331 6153Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei China
| | - Bin Zhang
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Shuyao Zhang
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220 Guangdong China
| | - Guodong He
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Hanping Li
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430000 Hubei China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430000 Hubei China
| | - Jiyan Chen
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Min Huang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong China
| | - Shilong Zhong
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China ,grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
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Novaković M, Rajkovič U, Košuta D, Tršan J, Fras Z, Jug B. Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial Infarction. Nutrients 2022; 14. [PMID: 36235701 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle—as captured by the Medlife Index Questionnaire (i.e., encompassing a Mediterranean diet as well as other aspects of healthy living, such as food preparation, physical activity, and socializing)—has been associated with reduced cardiovascular events in healthy individuals. In the present study, we sought to determine the adherence to, and the effect of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation on, Mediterranean lifestyle adherence in patients after myocardial infarction. We included 121 patients (mean age, 55 years; women, 37%) undergoing comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation—i.e., exercise training 3 times per week for 12 weeks plus dedicated workshops promoting the Mediterranean lifestyle. Before and after cardiac rehabilitation, patients completed the Medlife Index Questionnaire. High baseline adherence was associated with favourable glucose (5.39 vs. 6.1 mmol/L; p < 0.001), triglycerides (1.1 vs. 1.5 mmol/L; p = 0.002), and HDL cholesterol levels (1.32 vs. 1.12 mmol/L; p = 0.032). More importantly, the Medlife Score significantly improved following comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in patients with low baseline adherence (from 13.8 to 16.7 points; p < 0.001), but not in patients with high baseline adherence (from 19.4 to 18.8 points; p = 0.205). Our findings suggested that Mediterranean lifestyle promotion during cardiac rehabilitation improved adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle, especially in low-adherence patients.
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21
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Mercier AP, Rochefort G, Fortier J, Parent G, Provencher V, Lemieux S, Lamarche B. Development and Validation of a Short Questionnaire Assessing the Behavior of Local Food Procurement in Quebec, Canada. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac097. [PMID: 36110102 PMCID: PMC9470036 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Very few validated instruments, particularly screening tools applicable to large-cohort studies, are available to assess the behavior of local food procurement. Objective The aim was to develop and validate a short questionnaire that measures local food procurement in a sample of French-speaking adults from Quebec, Canada, and to assess the association between local food-procurement behavior and diet quality. Methods A comprehensive questionnaire developed previously to measure local food procurement [Locavore-Index (Locavore-I)] was simplified through a series of steps that included face-validity, exploratory factor analysis, and reliability testing (internal consistency). Construct validity of the resulting short Locavore-I Short Form (Locavore-I-SF) was examined in a sample of 299 adults (85% women) from the Quebec City metropolitan community. Results The Locavore-I-SF comprises 12 questions that measure the frequency of short food supply chain use (self-production, farmers' markets, and community-supported agriculture box scheme) for 3 locally produced foods (carrot, tomato, and lettuce) as well as the geographical origin of those 3 foods. The Locavore-I-SF, which is scored on a 12-point scale, had a high internal consistency (Cronbach ɑ: 0.74). The Locavore-I-SF scores were strongly correlated with the reference scores obtained from the Locavore-I from which it was developed (r = 0.84, P < 0.0001). Locavore-I-SF scores also correlated (r = 0.50, P < 0.0001) with the geographical origin of foods measured by pictures of food labels taken by participants. Higher Locavore-I-SF scores were associated with behaviors consistent with eating local foods, such as gardening (vs. not gardening; mean ± SEM difference: 2.3 ± 0.4 points; P < 0.0001) and not being preoccupied by the foods' appearance standards (vs. being preoccupied; 1.4 ± 0.4 points; P = 0.0002). Finally, the Locavore-I-SF scores were weakly associated with the Healthy Eating Food Index-2019 score (B = 0.05 ± 0.02; P = 0.02). Conclusions The Locavore-I-SF, a short questionnaire based on 3 locally produced foods in Quebec, measures the behavior of local food procurement with good reliability and acceptable validity metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie-Pier Mercier
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Rochefort
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Fortier
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Parent
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Faculté de Droit, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
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22
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Finicelli M, Di Salle A, Galderisi U, Peluso G. The Mediterranean Diet: An Update of the Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142956. [PMID: 35889911 PMCID: PMC9317652 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is a term used to identify a dietary pattern originating from the unique multi-millennial interplay between natural food resources and the eating practices of people living in the Mediterranean basin. Scientific evidence has described the healthy properties of the MedDiet and its beneficial role in several pathological conditions. Nevertheless, current socio-economic trends have moved people away from this healthy lifestyle. Thus, clinical and biological evidence supporting the benefits of the MedDiet is needed to overcome these limitations. Clinical nutrition research examines the effects of dietary interventions on biological or health-related outcomes in a determined study population. The evidence produced by these studies is useful for dietary guidance and public health messaging. We provided an update of the clinical trials registered on the database clinicaltrials.gov evaluating the effects of the MedDiet on health and specific diseases. Our findings revealed an increased number of clinical trials in the last decade and found that most disease-related studies focused on cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and cancer. The majority of MedDiet’s beneficial effects could be primarily related to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties as well as the effectiveness of this dietary pattern in controlling waist circumference and obesity. Moreover, strict and long-lasting adherence to the MedDiet as well as the beneficial effects of specific components (e.g., olive oil or its polyphenols) seem to emerge as useful insights for interventional improvements. These findings present further insights into the MedDiet’s resources and how it could strengthen overall public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Finicelli
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (G.P.); Tel.: +39-081-6132-553 (M.F.); +39-081-6132-280 (G.P.)
| | - Anna Di Salle
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (G.P.); Tel.: +39-081-6132-553 (M.F.); +39-081-6132-280 (G.P.)
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23
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Zhang Z, Gu X, Tang Z, Guan S, Liu H, Wu X, Zhao Y, Fang X. Associations of blood pressure components with risks of cardiovascular events and all-cause death in a Chinese population: A Prospective Study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2022; 24:825-837. [PMID: 35748650 PMCID: PMC9278591 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The associations of blood pressure components with cardiovascular risks and death remain unclear, and the definition of wide pulse pressure (PP) is still controversial. Using data from 1257 participants without a history of cardiovascular disease, who were followed for 4.84 years, we performed multivariable Cox regression analyses to assess how systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and PP contribute to risks of cardiovascular events and all‐cause death. Among all participants, SBP and PP were significantly associated with the risks of cardiovascular events and all‐cause death (all p < .05). DBP was not significantly associated with the risk of all‐cause death; rather, it was only associated with a marginally significant 1% increased risk for cardiovascular events (p = 0.051). In participants aged < 65 years, DBP was significantly associated with a 3% increased risk for cardiovascular events (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.01–1.06). The association between PP and cardiovascular events appeared to be J‐shaped in comparison to participants with the lowest‐risk PP (50–60 mmHg), with adjusted HRs of 1.71 (95% CI: 1.03–2.85), 1.63 (95% CI: 1.00–2.68), and 2.13 (95% CI: 1.32–3.43) in the <50, 60.0–72.5, and ≥72.5 mmHg subgroups, respectively. The optimal cutoff points of a wide PP for predicting the risks of cardiovascular events and all‐cause death were 70.25 and 76.25 mmHg, respectively. SBP and PP had a greater effect on cardiovascular risk, whereas DBP independently influenced cardiovascular events in middle‐aged participants. Considerable PP alterations should be avoided in antihypertensive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongying Zhang
- Geriatric department, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Evidence-based Medical Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Gu
- Medical affair department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Beijing Geriatric Healthcare Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaochen Guan
- Evidence-based Medical Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Liu
- Evidence-based Medical Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Wu
- Evidence-based Medical Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Education department, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghua Fang
- Evidence-based Medical Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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24
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Xu C, Cao Z. Cardiometabolic diseases, total mortality, and benefits of adherence to a healthy lifestyle: a 13-year prospective UK Biobank study. J Transl Med 2022; 20:234. [PMID: 35590361 PMCID: PMC9118619 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) increases the risk of mortality, but the extent to which this can be offset by adherence to a healthy lifestyle is unknown. We aimed to investigate whether and to what extent a combination of healthy lifestyle is associated with lower risk of total mortality that related to CMD. Methods Data for this prospective analysis was sourced from the UK Biobank with 356,967 participants aged 37 to 73 years between 2006 and 2010. Adherence to a healthy lifestyle was determined on the basis of four factors: no smoking, healthy diet, body mass index < 30 kg/m2, and regular physical activity. CMD was defined as any of incidence of diabetes, coronary heart disease and stroke at baseline. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) of the associations of CMDs and lifestyle factors with total mortality. Results During a median follow-up of 13 years, a total of 21,473 death events occurred. The multivariable-adjusted HRs of mortality were 1.49 (95% CI 1.53–1.56) for one, 2.17 (95% CI 2.01–2.34) for two, and 3.75 (95% CI 3.04–4.61) for three CMDs. In joint exposure analysis, compared with CMDs-free and a favorable lifestyle, the HRs of mortality were 2.57 (95% CI 2.38–2.78) for patients with CMDs plus an unfavorable lifestyle and 1.58 (95% CI 1.50–1.66) for those with CMDs plus a favorable lifestyle. A favorable lifestyle attenuates the CMDs-related risk of mortality by approximately 63%. The mortality risk of CMDs-free people but have unfavorable lifestyle was higher than those who have over one CMDs but have favorable lifestyle. Conclusion The potential effect of an increasing number of CMDs on total mortality appears additive, adherence to a healthy lifestyle may attenuate the CMDs-related mortality risk by more than 60%. These findings highlight the potential importance of lifestyle interventions to reduce risk of mortality across entire populations, even in patients with CMDs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03439-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjie Xu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Cao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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25
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Evola RS, Peira G, Varese E, Bonadonna A, Vesce E. Short Food Supply Chains in Europe: Scientific Research Directions. Sustainability 2022; 14:3602. [DOI: 10.3390/su14063602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the food sector, new configurations of supply chains, as opposed to global conventional ones, are drawing the attention of researchers and institutions all over the world. These are presented as a panacea for the recovery of rural economies and, in general, of food system sustainability. In this context the short food supply chains (SFSCs) become relevant, as happens in Europe, where strategies and regulations designed on their implementation were adopted. Recognising that scientific research always plays an important role in guiding institutions’ choices in many fields, it seems important to focus on how SFSCs are considered in the European academic panorama. Therefore, this contribution presents a study performed on a sample of 108 papers published in journals during the last decade. The findings concerning the investigated issues and the approaches to analysing SFSC development and effects are reported from both the producer and consumer perspective. The review strongly emphasizes the factors affecting participation in SFSCs. Moreover, it highlights that the positive perception of SFSC sustainability is not based on scientific evidence. The analysis outlines current research directions and identifies challenges that are still open in order to offer researchers food for thought with a view to developing further future insights.
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26
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Trimarco V, Manzi MV, Mancusi C, Strisciuglio T, Fucile I, Fiordelisi A, Pilato E, Izzo R, Barbato E, Lembo M, Morisco C. Insulin Resistance and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Link Beyond the Appearances. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:859793. [PMID: 35369303 PMCID: PMC8968037 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.859793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that plays a key role in the regulation of body homeostasis, including cardiovascular function. Although the chronic deficiency of vitamin D is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, as well as with an adverse prognosis, randomized controlled trials have failed in demonstrating that dietary vitamin D supplementation could ameliorate the prognosis of patients with cardiovascular diseases, and suggested that vitamin D deficiency is the expression of the effects of other determinants of cardiovascular risk. Thus, the supplementation of vitamin D is not sufficient to improve the cardiovascular risk profile and prognosis. Insulin resistance is a complex phenomenon that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Interestingly, defects of vitamin D and insulin resistance have a superimposable epidemiological distribution. According to the common view, Insulin resistance is considered the direct or indirect consequence of vitamin D deficiency. However, it is also reasonable to speculate that the deficit or the impaired action of vitamin D, in some circumstances, could be the result of the same pathogenic mechanisms responsible of insulin resistance development. In this case, vitamin D deficiency could be considered an epiphenomenon of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is a reversible condition, being possibly ameliorated by physical activity and hypocaloric diets. Notably, both physical exercise and energy-restricted dietary regimens are associated with an increase of vitamin D levels. These findings indicate that improving insulin resistance condition is a necessary step to ameliorate vitamin D supplementation-based strategies in cardiovascular prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Virginia Manzi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Costantino Mancusi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Strisciuglio
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fucile
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Fiordelisi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Pilato
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Izzo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Barbato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Lembo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maria Lembo
| | - Carmine Morisco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Sun Y, Liu F, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Su Z, Ji H, Cheng Y, Song W, Hidru TH, Yang X, Jiang Y. The relationship of endothelial function and arterial stiffness with subclinical target organ damage in essential hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2022; 24:418-429. [PMID: 35238151 PMCID: PMC8989756 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore whether brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) or the interaction of both parameters are associated with subclinical target organ damage (STOD) indices in patients with essential hypertension. A total of 4618 patients registered from January 2015 to October 2020 were included. baPWV and FMD were measured to evaluate arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction. Whereas left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), urine albumin‐creatinine ratio (UACR), and carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) were obtained as STOD indicators. On multivariable logistic regression analysis with potential confounders, higher quartiles of baPWV and FMD were significantly associated with an increased risk of STOD. In patients <65 years of age, the odds ratio (OR) of LVH, UACR, and CIMT ≥.9 mm for the fourth versus the first quartile of baPWV were 1.765 (1.390–2.240), 2.832 (2.014–3.813), and 3.075 (2.315–4.084), respectively. In interaction analysis, an increase in baPWV shows a progressively higher risk of STOD across the quartiles of FMD. Also, the estimated absolute risks of LVH, UACR, and CIMT ≥.9 mm for the first to fourth quartile of baPWV increased from 1.88 to 2.75, 2.35 to 4.44, and 3.10 to 6.10, respectively, in patients grouped by FMD quartiles. The addition of baPWV to FMD slightly improved risk prediction for STOD. BaPWV and FMD were independently associated with an increased risk of STOD in patients with essential hypertension especially among patients <65 years of age. Patients with elevated baPWV and decreased FMD parameters are at increased risk of STOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancui Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhuolin Su
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Haizhe Ji
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yunpeng Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tesfaldet H Hidru
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaolei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yinong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
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Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Alonso A, Beaton AZ, Bittencourt MS, Boehme AK, Buxton AE, Carson AP, Commodore-Mensah Y, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Eze-Nliam C, Ferguson JF, Generoso G, Ho JE, Kalani R, Khan SS, Kissela BM, Knutson KL, Levine DA, Lewis TT, Liu J, Loop MS, Ma J, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Perak AM, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Schroeder EB, Shah SH, Thacker EL, VanWagner LB, Virani SS, Voecks JH, Wang NY, Yaffe K, Martin SS. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2022; 145:e153-e639. [PMID: 35078371 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2147] [Impact Index Per Article: 1073.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2022 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year's edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population and an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, vascular contributions to brain health, and the global burden of cardiovascular disease and healthy life expectancy. RESULTS Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
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Pira C, Trapani G, Fadda M, Finocchiaro C, Bertino E, Coscia A, Ciocan C, Cuciureanu M, Hegheş SC, Vranceanu M, Miere D, Filip L. Comparative Study Regarding the Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and the Eating Habits of Two Groups-The Romanian Children and Adolescents Living in Nord-West of Romania and Their Romanian Counterparts Living in Italy. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092045. [PMID: 34574155 PMCID: PMC8465523 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with significant health benefits, including prevention of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Given the important migratory flow from Romania to Italy in recent decades, this study seeks to evaluate the differences between the nutritional habits of Romanian children and adolescents in Romania compared with those of Romanian children who moved to Italy or were born in Italy from both Romanian parents. Method: To assess adherence to MD, parents of Romanian children in Romania (RCR) and Romanian children in Italy (RCI) answered questions from an adapted version of the KIDMED test. Results: The results show that the high KIDMED index among RCI is significantly higher than the same index among RCR (68.09 versus 17.76, p < 0.05). RCR obtained a higher KIDMED score on different items: they had a lower consumption of fast food and sweets but an increased consumption of nuts, yogurts, and cheese. Conclusions: RCI have a better adherence to MD, but, at the same time, they are more exposed to westernized diet and practice less physical activity. Nutrition education is an important tool for improving health outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Pira
- Department of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition at A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza in Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy; (M.F.); (C.F.)
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (M.C.); Tel.: +39-3383259977 (C.P.); +40-721107674 (M.C.)
| | | | - Maurizio Fadda
- Department of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition at A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza in Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy; (M.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Concetta Finocchiaro
- Department of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition at A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza in Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy; (M.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Enrico Bertino
- Neonatal Unit of Turin University at A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10100 Turin, Italy; (E.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandra Coscia
- Neonatal Unit of Turin University at A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10100 Turin, Italy; (E.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Catalina Ciocan
- Department of Occupational Medicine at A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza in Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy;
| | - Magdalena Cuciureanu
- Departament of Pharmacology, Gr.T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (M.C.); Tel.: +39-3383259977 (C.P.); +40-721107674 (M.C.)
| | - Simona-Codruţa Hegheş
- Departament of Drug Analysis, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj Napoca, Romania;
| | - Maria Vranceanu
- Departament of Toxicology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj Napoca, Romania;
| | - Doina Miere
- Departament of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Lorena Filip
- Departament of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (L.F.)
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Zhang ZL, Guo QQ, Tang JN, Zhang JC, Cheng MD, Song FH, Liu ZY, Wang K, Jiang LZ, Fan L, Yue XT, Bai Y, Dai XY, Zheng RJ, Zheng YY, Zhang JY. Monocyte-to-albumin ratio as a novel predictor of long-term adverse outcomes in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20210154. [PMID: 34137842 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20210154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Monocyte count and serum albumin (Alb) have been proven to be involved in the process of systemic inflammation. Therefore, we investigated the prognostic value of monocyte-to-albumin ratio (MAR) in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: We enrolled a total of 3561 patients in the present study from January 2013 to December 2017. They were divided into two groups according to MAR cut-off value (MAR < 0.014, n=2220; MAR ≥ 0.014, n=1119) as evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The average follow-up time was 37.59 ± 22.24 months. Results: The two groups differed significantly in the incidences of all-cause mortality (ACM; P<0.001), cardiac mortality (CM; P<0.001), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs; P=0.038), and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs; P=0.037). Multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed MAR as an independent prognostic factor for ACM and CM. The incidence of ACM increased by 56.5% (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.565; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.086–2.256; P=0.016) and that of CM increased by 76.3% (HR = 1.763; 95% CI, 1.106–2.810; P=0.017) in patients in the higher-MAR group. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis suggested that patients with higher MAR tended to have an increased accumulated risk of ACM (Log-rank P<0.001) and CM (Log-rank P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggested that MAR was a novel independent predictor of long-term mortality in patients who underwent PCI.
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Bousquet J, Anto JM, Czarlewski W, Haahtela T, Fonseca SC, Iaccarino G, Blain H, Vidal A, Sheikh A, Akdis CA, Zuberbier T, Hamzah Abdul Latiff A, Abdullah B, Aberer W, Abusada N, Adcock I, Afani A, Agache I, Aggelidis X, Agustin J, Akdis M, Al‐Ahmad M, Al‐Zahab Bassam A, Alburdan H, Aldrey‐Palacios O, Alvarez Cuesta E, Alwan Salman H, Alzaabi A, Amade S, Ambrocio G, Angles R, Annesi‐Maesano I, Ansotegui IJ, Anto J, Ara Bardajo P, Arasi S, Arshad H, Cristina Artesani M, Asayag E, Avolio F, Azhari K, Bachert C, Bagnasco D, Baiardini I, Bajrović N, Bakakos P, Bakeyala Mongono S, Balotro‐Torres C, Barba S, Barbara C, Barbosa E, Barreto B, Bartra J, Bateman ED, Battur L, Bedbrook A, Bedolla Barajas M, Beghé B, Bekere A, Bel E, Ben Kheder A, Benson M, Berghea EC, Bergmann K, Bernardini R, Bernstein D, Bewick M, Bialek S, Białoszewski A, Bieber T, Billo NE, Bilo MB, Bindslev‐Jensen C, Bjermer L, Bobolea I, Bochenska Marciniak M, Bond C, Boner A, Bonini M, Bonini S, Bosnic‐Anticevich S, Bosse I, Botskariova S, Bouchard J, Boulet L, Bourret R, Bousquet P, Braido F, Briggs A, Brightling CE, Brozek J, Brussino L, Buhl R, Bumbacea R, Buquicchio R, Burguete Cabañas M, Bush A, Busse WW, Buters J, Caballero‐Fonseca F, Calderon MA, Calvo M, Camargos P, Camuzat T, Canevari F, Cano A, Canonica GW, Capriles‐Hulett A, Caraballo L, Cardona V, Carlsen K, Carmon Pirez J, Caro J, Carr W, Carreiro‐Martins P, Carreon‐Asuncion F, Carriazo A, Casale T, Castor M, Castro E, Caviglia A, Cecchi L, Cepeda Sarabia A, Chandrasekharan R, Chang Y, Chato‐Andeza V, Chatzi L, Chatzidaki C, Chavannes NH, Chaves Loureiro C, Chelninska M, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chinthrajah S, Chivato T, Chkhartishvili E, Christoff G, Chrystyn H, Chu DK, Chua A, Chuchalin A, Chung KF, Cicerán A, Cingi C, Ciprandi G, Cirule I, Coelho AC, Compalati E, Constantinidis J, Correia de Sousa J, Costa EM, Costa D, Costa Domínguez MDC, Coste A, Cottini M, Cox L, Crisci C, Crivellaro MA, Cruz AA, Cullen J, Custovic A, Cvetkovski B, Czarlewski W, D'Amato G, Silva J, Dahl R, Dahlen S, Daniilidis V, DarjaziniNahhas L, Darsow U, Davies J, Blay F, De Feo G, De Guia E, los Santos C, De Manuel Keenoy E, De Vries G, Deleanu D, Demoly P, Denburg J, Devillier P, Didier A, Dimic Janjic S, Dimou M, Dinh‐Xuan AT, Djukanovic R, Do Ceu Texeira M, Dokic D, Dominguez Silva MG, Douagui H, Douladiris N, Doulaptsi M, Dray G, Dubakiene R, Dupas E, Durham S, Duse M, Dykewicz M, Ebo D, Edelbaher N, Eiwegger T, Eklund P, El‐Gamal Y, El‐Sayed ZA, El‐Sayed SS, El‐Seify M, Emuzyte R, Enecilla L, Erhola M, Espinoza H, Espinoza Contreras JG, Farrell J, Fernandez L, Fink Wagner A, Fiocchi A, Fokkens WJ, Lenia F, Fonseca JA, Fontaine J, Forastiere F, Fuentes Pèrez JM, Gaerlan–Resureccion E, Gaga M, Gálvez Romero JL, Gamkrelidze A, Garcia A, García Cobas CY, García Cruz MDLLH, Gayraud J, Gelardi M, Gemicioglu B, Gennimata D, Genova S, Gereda J, Gerth van Wijk R, Giuliano A, Gomez M, González Diaz S, Gotua M, Grigoreas C, Grisle I, Gualteiro L, Guidacci M, Guldemond N, Gutter Z, Guzmán A, Halloum R, Halpin D, Hamelmann E, Hammadi S, Harvey R, Heffler E, Heinrich J, Hejjaoui A, Hellquist‐Dahl B, Hernández Velázquez L, Hew M, Hossny E, Howarth P, Hrubiško M, Huerta Villalobos YR, Humbert M, Salina H, Hyland M, Ibrahim M, Ilina N, Illario M, Incorvaia C, Infantino A, Irani C, Ispayeva Z, Ivancevich J, E.J. Jares E, Jarvis D, Jassem E, Jenko K, Jiméneracruz Uscanga RD, Johnston SL, Joos G, Jošt M, Julge K, Jung K, Just J, Jutel M, Kaidashev I, Kalayci O, Kalyoncu F, Kapsali J, Kardas P, Karjalainen J, Kasala CA, Katotomichelakis M, Kavaliukaite L, Kazi BS, Keil T, Keith P, Khaitov M, Khaltaev N, Kim Y, Kirenga B, Kleine‐Tebbe J, Klimek L, Koffi N’Goran B, Kompoti E, Kopač P, Koppelman G, KorenJeverica A, Koskinen S, Košnik M, Kostov KV, Kowalski ML, Kralimarkova T, Kramer Vrščaj K, Kraxner H, Kreft S, Kritikos V, Kudlay D, Kuitunen M, Kull I, Kuna P, Kupczyk M, Kvedariene V, Kyriakakou M, Lalek N, Landi M, Lane S, Larenas‐Linnemann D, Lau S, Laune D, Lavrut J, Le L, Lenzenhuber M, Lessa M, Levin M, Li J, Lieberman P, Liotta G, Lipworth B, Liu X, Lobo R, Lodrup Carlsen KC, Lombardi C, Louis R, Loukidis S, Lourenço O, Luna Pech JA, Madjar B, Maggi E, Magnan A, Mahboub B, Mair A, Mais Y, Maitland van der Zee A, Makela M, Makris M, Malling H, Mandajieva M, Manning P, Manousakis M, Maragoudakis P, Marseglia G, Marshall G, Reza Masjedi M, Máspero JF, Matta Campos JJ, Maurer M, Mavale‐Manuel S, Meço C, Melén E, Melioli G, Melo‐Gomes E, Meltzer EO, Menditto E, Menzies‐Gow A, Merk H, Michel J, Micheli Y, Miculinic N, Midão L, Mihaltan F, Mikos N, Milanese M, Milenkovic B, Mitsias D, Moalla B, Moda G, Mogica Martínez MD, Mohammad Y, Moin M, Molimard M, Momas I, Mommers M, Monaco A, Montefort S, Mora D, Morais‐Almeida M, Mösges R, Mostafa B, Mullol J, Münter L, Muraro A, Murray R, Musarra A, Mustakov T, Naclerio R, Nadeau KC, Nadif R, Nakonechna A, Namazova‐Baranova L, Navarro‐Locsin G, Neffen H, Nekam K, Neou A, Nettis E, Neuberger D, Nicod L, Nicola S, Niederberger‐Leppin V, Niedoszytko M, Nieto A, Novellino E, Nunes E, Nyembue D, O’Hehir R, Odjakova C, Ohta K, Okamoto Y, Okubo K, Oliver B, Onorato GL, Pia Orru M, Ouédraogo S, Ouoba K, Paggiaro PL, Pagkalos A, Pajno G, Pala G, Palaniappan S, Pali‐Schöll I, Palkonen S, Palmer S, Panaitescu Bunu C, Panzner P, Papadopoulos NG, Papanikolaou V, Papi A, Paralchev B, Paraskevopoulos G, Park H, Passalacqua G, Patella V, Pavord I, Pawankar R, Pedersen S, Peleve S, Pellegino S, Pereira A, Pérez T, Perna A, Peroni D, Pfaar O, Pham‐Thi N, Pigearias B, Pin I, Piskou K, Pitsios C, Plavec D, Poethig D, Pohl W, Poplas Susic A, Popov TA, Portejoie F, Potter P, Poulsen L, Prados‐Torres A, Prarros F, Price D, Prokopakis E, Puggioni F, Puig‐Domenech E, Puy R, Rabe K, Raciborski F, Ramos J, Recto MT, Reda SM, Regateiro FS, Reider N, Reitsma S, Repka‐Ramirez S, Ridolo E, Rimmer J, Rivero Yeverino D, Angelo Rizzo J, Robalo‐Cordeiro C, Roberts G, Roche N, Rodríguez González M, Rodríguez Zagal E, Rolla G, Rolland C, Roller‐Wirnsberger R, Roman Rodriguez M, Romano A, Romantowski J, Rombaux P, Romualdez J, Rosado‐Pinto J, Rosario N, Rosenwasser L, Rossi O, Rottem M, Rouadi P, Rovina N, Rozman Sinur I, Ruiz M, Ruiz Segura LT, Ryan D, Sagara H, Sakai D, Sakurai D, Saleh W, Salimaki J, Samitas K, Samolinski B, Sánchez Coronel MG, Sanchez‐Borges M, Sanchez‐Lopez J, Sarafoleanu C, Sarquis Serpa F, Sastre‐Dominguez J, Savi E, Sawaf B, Scadding GK, Scheire S, Schmid‐Grendelmeier P, Schuhl JF, Schunemann H, Schvalbová M, Schwarze J, Scichilone N, Senna G, Sepúlveda C, Serrano E, Shields M, Shishkov V, Siafakas N, Simeonov A, FER Simons E, Carlos Sisul J, Sitkauskiene B, Skrindo I, SokličKošak T, Solé D, Sooronbaev T, Soto‐Martinez M, Soto‐Quiros M, Sousa Pinto B, Sova M, Soyka M, Specjalski K, Spranger O, Stamataki S, Stefanaki L, Stellato C, Stelmach R, Strandberg T, Stute P, Subramaniam A, Suppli Ulrik C, Sutherland M, Sylvestre S, Syrigou A, Taborda Barata L, Takovska N, Tan R, Tan F, Tan V, Ping Tang I, Taniguchi M, Tannert L, Tantilipikorn P, Tattersall J, Tesi F, Thijs C, Thomas M, To T, Todo‐Bom A, Togias A, Tomazic P, Tomic‐Spiric V, Toppila‐Salmi S, Toskala E, Triggiani M, Triller N, Triller K, Tsiligianni I, Uberti M, Ulmeanu R, Urbancic J, Urrutia Pereira M, Vachova M, Valdés F, Valenta R, Valentin Rostan M, Valero A, Valiulis A, Vallianatou M, Valovirta E, Van Eerd M, Van Ganse E, Hage M, Vandenplas O, Vasankari T, Vassileva D, Velasco Munoz C, Ventura MT, Vera‐Munoz C, Vicheva D, Vichyanond P, Vidgren P, Viegi G, Vogelmeier C, Von Hertzen L, Vontetsianos T, Vourdas D, Tran Thien Quan V, Wagenmann M, Walker S, Wallace D, Wang DY, Waserman S, Wickman M, Williams S, Williams D, Wilson N, Wong G, Woo K, Wright J, Wroczynski P, Xepapadaki P, Yakovliev P, Yamaguchi M, Yan K, Yeow Yap Y, Yawn B, Yiallouros P, Yorgancioglu A, Yoshihara S, Young I, Yusuf OB, Zaidi A, Zaitoun F, Zar H, Zedda M, Zernotti ME, Zhang L, Zhong N, Zidarn M, Zubrinich C. Cabbage and fermented vegetables: From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19. Allergy 2021; 76:735-750. [PMID: 32762135 PMCID: PMC7436771 DOI: 10.1111/all.14549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Large differences in COVID‐19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS‐CoV‐2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS‐CoV‐2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID‐19. The nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT1R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof‐of‐concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2‐associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID‐19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Bousquet
- Charité Universitätsmedizin BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Berlin Institute of HealthComprehensive Allergy Center Berlin Germany
- MACVIA‐France and CHU Montpellier France
| | - Josep M. Anto
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) ISGlobAL Barcelona Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute) Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Susana C. Fonseca
- Faculty of Sciences GreenUPorto ‐ Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre DGAOTUniversity of Porto Porto Portugal
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences Federico II University Napoli Italy
| | - Hubert Blain
- Department of Geriatrics Montpellier University hospital and MUSE Montpellier France
| | - Alain Vidal
- World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) Geneva Switzerland
- AgroParisTech ‐ Paris Institute of Technology for Life, Food and Environmental Sciences Paris France
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute University of Edinburgh Scotland, UK
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Torsten Zuberbier
- Charité Universitätsmedizin BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Berlin Institute of HealthComprehensive Allergy Center Berlin Germany
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Virani SS, Alonso A, Aparicio HJ, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP, Chamberlain AM, Cheng S, Delling FN, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Ferguson JF, Gupta DK, Khan SS, Kissela BM, Knutson KL, Lee CD, Lewis TT, Liu J, Loop MS, Lutsey PL, Ma J, Mackey J, Martin SS, Matchar DB, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Perak AM, Roth GA, Samad Z, Satou GM, Schroeder EB, Shah SH, Shay CM, Stokes A, VanWagner LB, Wang NY, Tsao CW. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2021; 143:e254-e743. [PMID: 33501848 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2860] [Impact Index Per Article: 953.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2021 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year's edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, vascular contributions to brain health, the global burden of cardiovascular disease, and further evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors related to cardiovascular disease. RESULTS Each of the 27 chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policy makers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
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Pereira-da-Silva T, Napoleão P, Costa MC, Gabriel AF, Selas M, Silva F, Enguita FJ, Ferreira RC, Carmo MM. Circulating miRNAs Are Associated with the Systemic Extent of Atherosclerosis: Novel Observations for miR-27b and miR-146. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020318. [PMID: 33669374 PMCID: PMC7920287 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that regulate the systemic extent of atherosclerosis are not fully understood. We investigated whether the expression of circulating miRNAs is associated with the extent of stable atherosclerosis to a single territory or multiple territories (polyvascular) and with the severity of atherosclerosis in each territory. Ninety-four participants were prospectively recruited and divided into five age- and sex-matched groups: presenting no atherosclerosis, isolated coronary atherosclerosis, coronary and lower extremity atherosclerosis, coronary and carotid atherosclerosis, and atherosclerosis of the coronary, lower extremity, and carotid territories. The expression of six circulating miRNAs with distinct biological roles was assessed. The expression of miR-27b and miR-146 differed across groups (p < 0.05), showing a decrease in the presence of atherosclerosis, particularly in the three territories. miR-27b and miR-146 expression decreased in association with a higher severity of coronary, lower extremity, and carotid atherosclerosis. Polyvascular atherosclerosis involving the three territories was independently associated with a decreased miR-27b and miR-146 expression. Both miRNAs presented an area under the curve of ≥0.75 for predicting polyvascular atherosclerosis involving the three territories. To conclude, miR-27b and miR-146 were associated with the presence of severe polyvascular atherosclerosis and with the atherosclerosis severity in each territory. Both are potential biomarkers of severe systemic atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Pereira-da-Silva
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
- NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-919-908-505
| | - Patrícia Napoleão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
| | - Marina C. Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
- Cardiomics Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - André F. Gabriel
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
- Cardiomics Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Selas
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Filipa Silva
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Francisco J. Enguita
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
- Cardiomics Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Cruz Ferreira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Miguel Mota Carmo
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal;
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Sánchez-Quesada C, Toledo E, González-Mata G, Ramos-Ballesta MI, Peis JI, Martínez-González MÁ, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Fitó M, Romaguera D, Vioque J, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Martínez JA, Serra-Majem L, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Pintó X, Tur JA, Garcia-Rios A, Cano-Ibáñez N, Matía-Martín P, Daimiel L, Sánchez-Rodríguez R, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Ros E, Hernández-Alonso P, Barragan R, Muñoz-Martínez J, López M, González-Palacios S, Vaquero-Luna J, Crespo-Oliva E, Zulet MA, Díaz-González V, Casas R, Fernandez-Garcia JC, Santos-Lozano JM, Galera A, Ripoll-Vera T, Buil-Cosiales P, Canudas S, Martinez-Lacruz R, Pérez-Vega KA, Rios Á, Lloret-Macián R, Moreno-Rodriguez A, Ruiz-Canela M, Babio N, Zomeño Fajardo MD, Gaforio JJ. Relationship between olive oil consumption and ankle-brachial pressure index in a population at high cardiovascular risk. Atherosclerosis 2020; 314:48-57. [PMID: 33160246 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Visco V, Pascale AV, Virtuoso N, Mongiello F, Cinque F, Gioia R, Finelli R, Mazzeo P, Manzi MV, Morisco C, Rozza F, Izzo R, Cerasuolo F, Ciccarelli M, Iaccarino G. Serum Uric Acid and Left Ventricular Mass in Essential Hypertension. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:570000. [PMID: 33324684 PMCID: PMC7725708 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.570000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum uric acid (sUA) has been associated with cardiovascular risk. Although the recent mechanistic hypothesis poses the basis for the association between sUA and left ventricular mass index (LVMi), the issue remains poorly investigated in a clinical setup. Through a retrospective analysis of the database of the departmental Hypertension Clinic of University Hospital of Salerno Medical School, we identified 177 essential hypertensives (age 60.3 ± 13.3 years; 85 men), free from uric acid-modulating medications and severe chronic kidney disease, and whose sUA values, anthropometric, clinical, and echocardiographic data were available. In the studied cohort, the average duration of hypertension was 8.4 ± 7.1 years. LVMi associated with classical determinants, such as age, blood pressure, and kidney function, although after multivariate correction, only age remained significant. Also, sUA correlated positively with LVMi, as well as body size, metabolism, and kidney function. In a multivariate analysis, sUA confirmed the independent association with LVMi. Also, levels of sUA >5.6 mg/dl are associated with larger cardiac size. We confirmed our data in a replicate analysis performed in a larger population (1,379 hypertensives) from an independent clinic. Our results demonstrate that sUA increases with LVMi, and a cutoff of 5.6 mg/dl predict larger LV sizes. Our data suggest that hyperuricemia might help to stratify the risk of larger cardiac size in hypertensives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Visco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Virtuoso
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Felice Mongiello
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Federico Cinque
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Renato Gioia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Rosa Finelli
- Cardiology Unit, Maria SS. Addolorata Hospital, Salerno, Italy
| | - Pietro Mazzeo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Virginia Manzi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Morisco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Rozza
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Izzo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Cerasuolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center of Research on High Blood Pressure and Related Conditions "CIRIAPA", Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Tai SY, He JS, Kuo CT, Kawachi I. Urban-Rural Disparities in the Incidence of Diabetes-Related Complications in Taiwan: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3012. [PMID: 32962006 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9093012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a disparity has been noted in the prevalence and outcome of chronic disease between rural and urban areas, studies about diabetes-related complications are lacking. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between urbanization and occurrence of diabetes-related complications using Taiwan’s nationwide diabetic mellitus database. In total, 380,474 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes between 2000 and 2008 were included and followed up until 2013 or death; after propensity score matching, 31,310 pairs were included for analysis. Occurrences of seven diabetes-related complications of interest were identified. Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the time-to-event hazard ratio (HR) among urban, suburban and rural groups. We found that the HRs of all cardiovascular events during the five-year follow-up was 1.04 times (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00–1.07) and 1.15 times (95% CI 1.12–1.19) higher in suburban and rural areas than in urban areas. Patients in suburban and rural areas had a greater likelihood of congestive heart failure, stroke, and end-stage renal disease than those in urban areas. Moreover, patients in rural areas had a higher likelihood of ischemic heart disease, blindness, and ulcer than those in urban areas. Our empirical findings provide evidence for potential urban–rural disparities in diabetes-related complications in Taiwan.
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Doi S, Ashikaga K, Kida K, Watanabe M, Yoneyama K, Suzuki N, Kuwata S, Kaihara T, Koga M, Okuyama K, Kamijima R, Tanabe Y, Takeichi N, Watanabe S, Izumo M, Ishibashi Y, Akashi YJ. Prognostic value of Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form with aortic valve stenosis following transcatheter aortic valve implantation. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:4024-4031. [PMID: 32909396 PMCID: PMC7754760 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Older adults at risk for malnutrition are known to have a high mortality rate. This study aimed to investigate whether the Mini Nutritional Assessment—Short Form (MNA‐SF) could predict midterm mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Methods and results We applied the MNA‐SF in 288 patients who had undergone TAVI from January 2016 to June 2019 at the St. Marianna University School of Medicine hospital. Using the MNA‐SF cut‐off value to indicate the risk of malnutrition, patients were divided into two groups, namely, those with an MNA‐SF score ≤11 (impaired MNA‐SF group) and those with an MNA‐SF score ≥12 (maintained MNA‐SF group). We used this value to investigate the association between the MNA‐SF and all‐cause mortality. Overall, 188 (65%) and 100 (35%) patients comprised the impaired MNA‐SF and maintained MNA‐SF groups, respectively, and 41 patients died after TAVI (mean follow‐up duration, 458 ± 315 days). Kaplan–Meier analyses showed that patients in the impaired MNA‐SF group had a significantly higher incidence of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio 2.67; 95% confidence interval 1.29–6.21; P = 0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the MNA‐SF score was an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality after adjusting for the Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk score, Katz Index, and brain natriuretic peptide test results (hazard ratio 1.14; 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.28; P = 0.04). Conclusions The MNA‐SF was useful to screen for the risk of malnutrition in patients with TAVI and in predicting midterm prognoses in patients undergoing TAVI and could predict patient mortality after the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Doi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Kohei Ashikaga
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Keisuke Kida
- Department of PharmacologySt. Marianna University School of MedicineKawasakiJapan
| | - Mika Watanabe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Kihei Yoneyama
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Norio Suzuki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Shingo Kuwata
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Toshiki Kaihara
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Masashi Koga
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Kazuaki Okuyama
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Ryo Kamijima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanabe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Naoya Takeichi
- Rehabilitation CenterSt. Marianna University School of Medicine HospitalKawasakiJapan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Rehabilitation CenterSt. Marianna University School of Medicine HospitalKawasakiJapan
| | - Masaki Izumo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Yuki Ishibashi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
| | - Yoshihiro J. Akashi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐kuKawasakiKanagawa216‐8511Japan
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Schneider-Matyka D, Szkup M, Owczarek AJ, Stanisławska M, Knyszyńska A, Lubkowska A, Grochans E, Jurczak A. The Relationship between the IFNG (rs2430561) Polymorphism and Metabolic Syndrome in Perimenopausal Women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56080384. [PMID: 32751810 PMCID: PMC7466241 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56080384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multiple risk factor for atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and strokes. One-third of middle-age women are at risk of MetS, which predisposes them to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Changes in the regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines―which play an important role in pathologic processes―may contribute to inflammatory disorders. Cytokine polymorphisms are known to have an impact on gene expression. The purpose of this study was to search for the relationship between the IFNG polymorphisms and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Materials and Methods: This study, conducted in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, involved 416 women. Of these women, 33.6% of them had primary education, 44.8% lived in cities with a population of over 100,000, and 82.7% were married. Of the participants, 28.4% met the criteria for MetS. The study involved: interview performed to collect sociodemographic and medical data, anthropometric measurements, as well as venous blood collection for biochemical analysis, genetic testing and the measurement of inflammatory markers. Results: The link between the IFNG (rs2430561) polymorphism and serum PIC (proinflammatory cytokines) levels was tested with regard to MetS. In the MetS+ subgroup, the T/T and A/T genotypes of the IFNG gene were accompanied by higher IL-6 levels than in the MetS− subgroup. Conclusion: Our study has not confirmed a direct link between the IFNG polymorphisms and the levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Nevertheless, the T/T and A/T genotypes of the IFNG gene may predispose to elevated IL-6 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Schneider-Matyka
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.-M.); (M.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Małgorzata Szkup
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.-M.); (M.S.); (E.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914800910; Fax: +48-914800905
| | - Aleksander Jerzy Owczarek
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków Str. 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Marzanna Stanisławska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.-M.); (M.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Anna Knyszyńska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.K.); (A.L.)
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.K.); (A.L.)
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.-M.); (M.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Anna Jurczak
- Department of Specialized Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
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Rodríguez-Sánchez E, Navarro-García JA, Aceves-Ripoll J, González-Lafuente L, Baldan-Martin M, de la Cuesta F, Alvarez-Llamas G, Barderas MG, Segura J, Ruilope LM, Ruiz-Hurtado G. Prediction of the early response to spironolactone in resistant hypertension by the combination of matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and arterial stiffness parameters. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2020; 8:68-76. [PMID: 32663251 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of present study was to determine whether arterial stiffness assessed with the biochemical parameter active matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and the clinical parameters pulse pressure (PP) and pulse wave velocity predicts the response to spironolactone in resistant hypertension (RH). METHODS AND RESULTS Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and active MMP-9 (measured by zymography and ELISA) were measured at baseline, and patients were classified as having pseudo-RH or RH. Patients with RH received spironolactone and the response was determined after 8 weeks by ambulatory BP monitoring: those who achieved BP goals were considered controlled (CRH) and those who did not were considered uncontrolled (UCRH). Plasma active MMP-9 was significantly higher in patients with RH than with pseudo-RH, and correlated with 24-hour systolic BP and PP. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that active MMP-9 could predict the response to spironolactone, and its combination with 24-hour PP and pulse wave velocity significantly improved this prediction. Moreover, plasma of patients with UCRH induced the MMP-9 expression pathway. CONCLUSION We propose active MMP-9 as a useful biomarker to identify patients with RH who will not respond to spironolactone. Combining MMP-9 activity with classical arterial stiffness parameters improves the prediction of the clinical response to spironolactone and might contribute to guide the most appropriate therapeutic decisions for patients with RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Alberto Navarro-García
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jennifer Aceves-Ripoll
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura González-Lafuente
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Baldan-Martin
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (HNP), SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Fernando de la Cuesta
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (HNP), SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Gloria Alvarez-Llamas
- Departament of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - María G Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (HNP), SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Julián Segura
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Hypertension Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Ruilope
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Hypertension Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Hypertension Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Iaccarino G, Grassi G, Borghi C, Ferri C, Salvetti M, Volpe M. Age and Multimorbidity Predict Death Among COVID-19 Patients: Results of the SARS-RAS Study of the Italian Society of Hypertension. Hypertension 2020; 76:366-372. [PMID: 32564693 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Several factors have been proposed to explain the high death rate of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, including hypertension and hypertension-related treatment with Renin Angiotensin System inhibitors. Also, age and multimorbidity might be confounders. No sufficient data are available to demonstrate their independent role. We designed a cross-sectional, observational, multicenter, nationwide survey in Italy to verify whether renin-angiotensin system inhibitors are related to COVID-19 severe outcomes. We analyzed information from Italian patients diagnosed with COVID-19, admitted in 26 hospitals. One thousand five hundred ninety-one charts (male, 64.1%; 66±0.4 years) were recorded. At least 1 preexisting condition was observed in 73.4% of patients, with hypertension being the most represented (54.9%). One hundred eighty-eight deaths were recorded (11.8%; mean age, 79.6±0.9 years). In nonsurvivors, older age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery diseases, and heart failure were more represented than in survivors. The Charlson Comorbidity Index was significantly higher in nonsurvivors compared with survivors (4.3±0.15 versus 2.6±0.05; P<0.001). ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors, diuretics, and β-blockers were more frequently used in nonsurvivors than in survivors. After correction by multivariate analysis, only age (P=0.0001), diabetes mellitus (P=0.004), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P=0.011), and chronic kidney disease (P=0.004) but not hypertension predicted mortality. Charlson Comorbidity Index, which cumulates age and comorbidities, predicts mortality with an exponential increase in the odds ratio by each point of score. In the COVID-19 outbreak, mortality is predicted by age and the presence of comorbidities. Our data do not support a significant interference of hypertension and antihypertensive therapy on COVID-19 lethality. Registration- URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04331574.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Iaccarino
- From the Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Italy (G.I.)
| | - Guido Grassi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy (G.G.)
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy (C.B.)
| | - Claudio Ferri
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environment Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (C.F.)
| | - Massimo Salvetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Medicina 2, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Italy (M.S.)
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Clinical and Molecular Medicine Department, Sapienza University Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome and IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (M.V.)
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Estruch R, Vendrell E, Ruiz-León AM, Casas R, Castro-Barquero S, Alvarez X. Reformulation of Pastry Products to Improve Effects on Health. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061709. [PMID: 32517354 PMCID: PMC7352585 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is increasing at an alarming rate and has been described as a global pandemic. This increase has several explanations, including an increase in caloric intake, low levels of physical activity and the nutritional composition of our diets. In addition to public health policies based on healthy dietary patterns and recommendations based on the Mediterranean and other healthy diets, food reformulation, especially of commonly consumed processed foods, such as bakery products and pastries, is needed in the fight against obesity. Among nutritional reformulation strategies, reductions in caloric density, salt, added sugar, saturated and trans-fats are important in order to reduce the associated risk of developing chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.M.R.-L.); (R.C.); (S.C.-B.)
- CIBER 06/03: Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-227-5539; Fax: +34-93-227-9236
| | - Eulàlia Vendrell
- DALLANT, SA, Carrer de Laureà Miró 392, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; (E.V.); (X.A.)
| | - Ana María Ruiz-León
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.M.R.-L.); (R.C.); (S.C.-B.)
- CIBER 06/03: Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.M.R.-L.); (R.C.); (S.C.-B.)
- CIBER 06/03: Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Castro-Barquero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.M.R.-L.); (R.C.); (S.C.-B.)
- CIBER 06/03: Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Alvarez
- DALLANT, SA, Carrer de Laureà Miró 392, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; (E.V.); (X.A.)
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Archundia-Herrera MC, Subhan FB, Sakowsky C, Watkins K, Chan CB. A Mixed Methods Evaluation of a Randomized Control Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of the Pure Prairie Living Program in Type 2 Diabetes Participants. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:E153. [PMID: 32503294 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this randomized control trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Pure Prairie Living Program (PPLP) in a primary care setting. Adults with type 2 diabetes were randomized into intervention (PPLP, n = 25) and wait-listed controls (CON, n = 24). The PPLP group participated in education sessions. The intervention yielded no significant within-group changes in HbA1c at three-month (−0.04 (−0.27 to 0.17) and −0.15 (−0.38 to 0.08)) or six-month (−0.09 (−0.41 to 0.22) and 0.06 (−0.26 to 0.38)) follow ups in either CON or PPLP groups, respectively. Dietary adherence scores improved in the PPLP group (p < 0.05) at three and six months but were not different in the between-group comparison. No changes in diabetes self-efficacy scores were detected. In the qualitative analysis, participants described the program as clear and easy to understand. Knowledge acquired influenced their everyday decision making but participants faced barriers that prevented them from fully applying what they learned. Healthcare professionals enjoyed delivering the program but described the “back-stage” workload as detrimental. In conclusion, while some positive effects of the PPLP intervention were observed, they were not comparable to those previously attained by our group in an academic setting or to what the guidelines recommend, which reflects the challenge of translating lifestyle intervention to real-world settings.
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Bousquet J, Anto JM, Iaccarino G, Czarlewski W, Haahtela T, Anto A, Akdis CA, Blain H, Canonica GW, Cardona V, Cruz AA, Illario M, Ivancevich JC, Jutel M, Klimek L, Kuna P, Laune D, Larenas-Linnemann D, Mullol J, Papadopoulos NG, Pfaar O, Samolinski B, Valiulis A, Yorgancioglu A, Zuberbier T. Is diet partly responsible for differences in COVID-19 death rates between and within countries? Clin Transl Allergy 2020; 10:16. [PMID: 32499909 PMCID: PMC7250534 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-020-00323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reported COVID-19 deaths in Germany are relatively low as compared to many European countries. Among the several explanations proposed, an early and large testing of the population was put forward. Most current debates on COVID-19 focus on the differences among countries, but little attention has been given to regional differences and diet. The low-death rate European countries (e.g. Austria, Baltic States, Czech Republic, Finland, Norway, Poland, Slovakia) have used different quarantine and/or confinement times and methods and none have performed as many early tests as Germany. Among other factors that may be significant are the dietary habits. It seems that some foods largely used in these countries may reduce angiotensin-converting enzyme activity or are anti-oxidants. Among the many possible areas of research, it might be important to understand diet and angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) levels in populations with different COVID-19 death rates since dietary interventions may be of great benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Bousquet
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Berlin, Germany
- MACVIA-France, Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, 273 Avenue d’Occitanie, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Josep M. Anto
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), ISGlobAL, Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Blain
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- EA 2991, Euromov, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G. Walter Canonica
- Personalized Medicine Clinic Asthma & Allergy, Humanitas University, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan Italy
| | - Victoria Cardona
- Allergy Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Vall d’Hebron & ARADyAL research network, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alvaro A. Cruz
- ProAR – Nucleo de Excelencia em Asma, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maddalena Illario
- WHO GARD Planning Group, Salvador, Brazil
- Division for Health Innovation, Campania Region, Naples, Italy
| | - Juan Carlos Ivancevich
- Federico II University Hospital Naples (R&D and DISMET), Naples, Italy
- Clinica Santa Isabel, Servicio de Alergia e Immunologia, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ludger Klimek
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Piotr Kuna
- Division of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Barlicki University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Désirée Larenas-Linnemann
- Center of Excellence in Asthma and Allergy, Médica Sur Clinical Foundation and Hospital, México City, Mexico
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic; Clinical & Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nikos G. Papadopoulos
- Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Athens General Children’s Hospital “P&A Kyriakou,”, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy, University Hospital Marburg, Phillipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Boleslaw Samolinski
- Department of Prevention of Envinronmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arunas Valiulis
- Institute of Clinical Medicine & Institute of Health Sciences, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arzu Yorgancioglu
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Torsten Zuberbier
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Berlin, Germany
- MACVIA-France, Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, 273 Avenue d’Occitanie, 34090 Montpellier, France
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Veček NN, Mucalo L, Dragun R, Miličević T, Pribisalić A, Patarčić I, Hayward C, Polašek O, Kolčić I. The Association between Salt Taste Perception, Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041164. [PMID: 32331287 PMCID: PMC7230181 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a widespread disorder and an important public health challenge. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between salt taste perception, Mediterranean diet and MetS. This cross-sectional study included 2798 subjects from the general population of Dalmatia, Croatia. MetS was determined using the Joint Interim Statement definition, and Mediterranean diet compliance was estimated using Mediterranean Diet Serving Score. Salt taste perception was assessed by threshold and suprathreshold testing (intensity and hedonic perception). Logistic regression was used in the analysis, adjusting for important confounding factors. As many as 44% of subjects had MetS, with elevated waist circumference as the most common component (77%). Higher salt taste sensitivity (lower threshold) was associated with several positive outcomes: lower odds of MetS (OR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.52–0.92), lower odds for elevated waist circumference (0.47; 0.27–0.82), elevated fasting glucose or diabetes (0.65; 0.45–0.94), and reduced HDL cholesterol (0.59; 0.42–0.84), compared to the higher threshold group. Subjects with lower salt taste threshold were more likely to consume more fruit, and less likely to adhere to olive oil and white meat guidelines, but without a difference in the overall Mediterranean diet compliance. Salt taste intensity perception was not associated with any of the investigated outcomes, while salty solution liking was associated with MetS (OR = 1.85, CI 95% 1.02–3.35). This study identified an association between salt taste perception and MetS and gave a new insight into taste perception, nutrition, and possible health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Nika Veček
- University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21 000 Split, Croatia; (N.N.V.); (R.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Lana Mucalo
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Ružica Dragun
- University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21 000 Split, Croatia; (N.N.V.); (R.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Tanja Miličević
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Center Split, Šoltanska 1, 21 000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Ajka Pribisalić
- University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21 000 Split, Croatia; (N.N.V.); (R.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Inga Patarčić
- Bioinformatics and Omics Data Science Platform, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK;
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21 000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21 000 Split, Croatia;
- Correspondence:
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Mlynarska A, Mlynarski R, Uchmanowicz I, Marcisz C, Golba KS. The Relationship between Frailty Syndrome and Concerns about an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17061954. [PMID: 32192011 PMCID: PMC7142564 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Frailty syndrome may cause cognitive decline and increased sensitivity to stressors. This can result in an increased incidence of anxiety and depression, and thus, concerns about life with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The aim of the study was to assess the impact of frailty syndrome on the increase in the number of device-related concerns after the implantation of an ICD. Material and methods: The study sample was a group of 103 consecutive patients (85 M; aged 71.6 ± 8.2) with an implanted ICD. The ICD Concerns Questionnaire (ICDC) was used to analyze their concerns about life with an ICD, and the Tilburg Frailty Indicator scale (TFI) was used to diagnose frailty. Results: In the group of patients with an ICD implanted, 73% had recognized frailty (83.3% women, 74.1% men); the average point value was 6.55 ± 2.67. The total ICDC questionnaire score for the patients with an implanted cardioverter defibrillator was 34.06 ± 18.15. Patients with frailty syndrome had statistically (p = 0.039) higher scores (36.14 ± 17.08) compared to robust patients (27.56 ± 20.13). In the logistic regression analysis, the presence of frailty was strongly associated with the total questionnaire score (OR = 1.0265, p = 0.00426), the severity of the concerns (OR = 1.0417, p = 0.00451), and device-specific concerns (OR = 1.0982, p = 0.00424). Conclusion: Frailty syndrome occurs in about 80% of patients after ICD implantation. The presence of frailty syndrome was strongly associated with concerns about an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Mlynarska
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-635, Poland;
- Department of Electrocardiology, Upper Silesian Heart Centre, Katowice 40-635, Poland; (R.M.); (K.S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-2024025; Fax: +48-32-2524098
| | - Rafal Mlynarski
- Department of Electrocardiology, Upper Silesian Heart Centre, Katowice 40-635, Poland; (R.M.); (K.S.G.)
- Department of Electrocardiology and Heart Failure, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-635, Poland
| | - Izabella Uchmanowicz
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 51-618, Poland;
| | - Czeslaw Marcisz
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-635, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof S. Golba
- Department of Electrocardiology, Upper Silesian Heart Centre, Katowice 40-635, Poland; (R.M.); (K.S.G.)
- Department of Electrocardiology and Heart Failure, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-635, Poland
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Wagner EN, Hong S, Wilson KL, Calfas KJ, Rock CL, Redwine LS, von Känel R, Mills PJ. Effects of Caloric Intake and Aerobic Activity in Individuals with Prehypertension and Hypertension on Levels of Inflammatory, Adhesion and Prothrombotic Biomarkers-Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E655. [PMID: 32121255 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiopulmonary fitness and low calorie diets have been shown to reduce inflammation but few studies have been conducted in individuals with elevated blood pressure (BP) in a randomized intervention setting. Thereby, adhesion biomarkers, e.g., soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-3, have not been examined so far. Methods: Sixty-eight sedentary prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive individuals (mean age ± SEM: 45 ± 1 years; mean BP: 141/84 ± 1/1 mmHg) were randomized to one of three 12-week intervention groups: cardio training and caloric reduction, cardio training alone, or wait-list control group. Plasma levels of inflammatory, adhesion and prothrombotic biomarkers were assessed. In a second step, intervention groups were combined to one sample and multivariate regression analyses were applied in order to account for exercise and diet behavior changes. Results: There were no significant differences among the intervention groups. In the combined sample, greater caloric reduction was associated with a larger increase of sICAM-3 (p = 0.026) and decrease of C-reactive protein (p = 0.018) as a result of the interventions. More cardio training was associated with increases of sICAM-3 (p = 0.046) as well as interleukin-6 (p = 0.004) and a decrease of tumor necrosis factor-α (p = 0.017) levels. Higher BP predicted higher plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 (p = 0.001), and greater fitness predicted lower PAI-1 levels (p = 0.006) after the intervention. Conclusions: In prehypertensive and hypertensive patients, plasma levels of the adhesion molecule sICAM-3 and inflammatory biomarkers have different response patterns to cardio training with and without caloric reduction. Such anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects may have implications for the prevention of atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease among individuals at increased risk.
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