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Hou K, Cao L, Li W, Fang ZH, Sun D, Guo Z, Zhang L. Overexpression of Rhodiola crenulata glutathione peroxidase 5 increases cold tolerance and enhances the pharmaceutical value of the hairy roots. Gene 2024; 917:148467. [PMID: 38615983 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Rhodiola crenulata, a plant of great medicinal value found in cold high-altitude regions, has been excessively exploited due to the difficulty in cultivation. Understanding Rhodiola crenulata's adaptation mechanisms to cold environment can provide a theoretical basis for artificial breeding. Glutathione peroxidases (GPXs), critical enzymes found in plants, play essential roles in antioxidant defense through the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. However, it is unknown whether GPX5 contributes to Rhodiola crenulata's cold tolerance. In this study, we investigated the role of GPX5 in Rhodiola crenulata's cold tolerance mechanisms. By overexpressing Rhodiola crenulata GPX5 (RcGPX5) in yeast and Arabidopsis thaliana, we observed down-regulation of Arabidopsis thaliana GPX5 (AtGPX5) and increased cold tolerance in both organisms. Furthermore, the levels of antioxidants and enzyme activities in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle were elevated, and cold-responsive genes such as AtCBFs and AtCORs were induced. Additionally, RcGPX5 overexpressing lines showed insensitivity to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), suggesting a negative regulation of the ABA pathway by RcGPX5. RcGPX5 also promoted the expression of several thioredoxin genes in Arabidopsis and interacted with two endogenous genes of Rhodiola crenulata, RcTrx2-3 and RcTrxo1, located in mitochondria and chloroplasts. These findings suggest a significantly different model in Rhodiola crenulata compared to Arabidopsis thaliana, highlighting a complex network involving the function of RcGPX5. Moreover, overexpressing RcGPX5 in Rhodiola crenulata hairy roots positively influenced the salidroside synthesis pathway, enhancing its pharmaceutical value for doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. These results suggested that RcGPX5 might be a key component for Rhodiola crenulata to adapt to cold stress and overexpressing RcGPX5 could enhance the pharmaceutical value of the hairy roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hou
- Pu'er People's Hospital, Yunnan, China; Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China; Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China; Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Li
- Pu'er People's Hospital, Yunnan, China
| | | | - Daqiang Sun
- Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China; Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China; Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China.
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Ameen M, Zafar A, Mahmood A, Zia MA, Kamran K, Javaid MM, Yasin M, Khan BA. Melatonin as a master regulatory hormone for genetic responses to biotic and abiotic stresses in model plant Arabidopsis thaliana: a comprehensive review. Funct Plant Biol 2024; 51:FP23248. [PMID: 38310885 DOI: 10.1071/fp23248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin is a naturally occurring biologically active amine produced by plants, animals and microbes. This review explores the biosynthesis of melatonin in plants, with a particular focus on its diverse roles in Arabidopsis thaliana , a model species. Melatonin affects abiotic and biotic stress resistance in A. thaliana . Exogenous and endogenous melatonin is addressed in association with various conditions, including cold stress, high light stress, intense heat and infection with Botrytis cinerea or Pseudomonas , as well as in seed germination and lateral root formation. Furthermore, melatonin confers stress resistance in Arabidopsis by initiating the antioxidant system, remedying photosynthesis suppression, regulating transcription factors involved with stress resistance (CBF, DREB, ZAT, CAMTA, WRKY33, MYC2, TGA) and other stress-related hormones (abscisic acid, auxin, ethylene, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid). This article additionally addresses other precursors, metabolic components, expression of genes (COR , CBF , SNAT , ASMT , PIN , PR1 , PDF1.2 and HSFA ) and proteins (JAZ, NPR1) associated with melatonin and reducing both biological and environmental stressors. Furthermore, the future perspective of melatonin rich agri-crops is explored to enhance plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, maximise crop productivity and enhance nutritional worth, which may help improve food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muaz Ameen
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Asma Zafar
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Anjum Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Kamran
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mansoor Javaid
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasin
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Khan
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
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Gao T, Liu X, Xu S, Yu X, Zhang D, Tan K, Zhou Y, Jia X, Zhang Z, Ma F, Li C. Melatonin confers tolerance to nitrogen deficiency through regulating MdHY5 in apple plants. Plant J 2024; 117:1115-1129. [PMID: 37966861 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for crop growth and development, significantly influencing both yield and quality. Melatonin (MT), a known enhancer of abiotic stress tolerance, has been extensively studied. However, its relationship with nutrient stress, particularly N deficiency, and the underlying regulatory mechanisms of MT on N absorption remain unclear. In this study, exogenous MT treatment was found to improve the tolerance of apple plants to N deficiency. Apple plants overexpressing the MT biosynthetic gene N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase 9 (MdASMT9) were used to further investigate the effects of endogenous MT on low-N stress. Overexpression of MdASMT9 improved the light harvesting and heat transfer capability of apple plants, thereby mitigating the detrimental effects of N deficiency on the photosynthetic system. Proteomic and physiological data analyses indicated that MdASMT9 overexpression enhanced the trichloroacetic acid cycle and positively modulated amino acid metabolism to counteract N-deficiency stress. Additionally, both exogenous and endogenous MT promoted the transcription of MdHY5, which in turn bound to the MdNRT2.1 and MdNRT2.4 promoters and activated their expression. Notably, MT-mediated promotion of MdNRT2.1 and MdNRT2.4 expression through regulating MdHY5, ultimately enhancing N absorption. Taken together, these findings shed light on the association between MdASMT9-mediated MT biosynthesis and N absorption in apple plants under N-deficiency conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Danni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kexin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xumei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Wu Y, Liu J, Wu H, Zhu Y, Ahmad I, Zhou G. The Roles of Mepiquate Chloride and Melatonin in the Morpho-Physiological Activity of Cotton under Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:235. [PMID: 38203405 PMCID: PMC10778694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cotton growth and yield are severely affected by abiotic stress worldwide. Mepiquate chloride (MC) and melatonin (MT) enhance crop growth and yield by reducing the negative effects of abiotic stress on various crops. Numerous studies have shown the pivotal role of MC and MT in regulating agricultural growth and yield. Nevertheless, an in-depth review of the prominent performance of these two hormones in controlling plant morpho-physiological activity and yield in cotton under abiotic stress still needs to be documented. This review highlights the effects of MC and MT on cotton morpho-physiological and biochemical activities; their biosynthetic, signaling, and transduction pathways; and yield under abiotic stress. Furthermore, we also describe some genes whose expressions are affected by these hormones when cotton plants are exposed to abiotic stress. The present review demonstrates that MC and MT alleviate the negative effects of abiotic stress in cotton and increase yield by improving its morpho-physiological and biochemical activities, such as cell enlargement; net photosynthesis activity; cytokinin contents; and the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. MT delays the expression of NCED1 and NCED2 genes involved in leaf senescence by decreasing the expression of ABA-biosynthesis genes and increasing the expression of the GhYUC5, GhGA3ox2, and GhIPT2 genes involved in indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellin, and cytokinin biosynthesis. Likewise, MC promotes lateral root formation by activating GA20x genes involved in gibberellin catabolism. Overall, MC and MT improve cotton's physiological activity and antioxidant capacity and, as a result, improve the ability of the plant to resist abiotic stress. The main purpose of this review is to present an in-depth analysis of the performance of MC and MT under abiotic stress, which might help to better understand how these two hormones regulate cotton growth and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yiming Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.Z.)
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Yang S, Zhou J, Li Y, Wu J, Ma C, Chen Y, Sun X, Wu L, Liang X, Fu Q, Xu Z, Li L, Huang Z, Zhu J, Jia X, Ye X, Chen R. AP2/EREBP Pathway Plays an Important Role in Chaling Wild Rice Tolerance to Cold Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14441. [PMID: 37833888 PMCID: PMC10572191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold stress is the main factor limiting rice production and distribution. Chaling wild rice can survive in cold winters. AP2/EREBP is a known transcription factor family associated with abiotic stress. We identified the members of the AP2/EREBP transcription factor family in rice, maize, and Arabidopsis, and conducted collinearity analysis and gene family analysis. We used Affymetrix array technology to analyze the expression of AP2/EREBP family genes in Chaling wild rice and cultivated rice cultivar Pei'ai64S, which is sensitive to cold. According to the GeneChip results, the expression levels of AP2/EREBP genes in Chaling wild rice were different from those in Pei'ai64S; and the increase rate of 36 AP2/EREBP genes in Chaling wild rice was higher than that in Pei'ai64S. Meanwhile, the MYC elements in cultivated rice and Chaling wild rice for the Os01g49830, Os03g08470, and Os03g64260 genes had different promoter sequences, resulting in the high expression of these genes in Chaling wild rice under low-temperature conditions. Furthermore, we analyzed the upstream and downstream genes of the AP2/EREBP transcription factor family and studied the conservation of these genes. We found that the upstream transcription factors were more conserved, indicating that these upstream transcription factors may be more important in regulating cold stress. Meanwhile, we found the expression of AP2/EREBP pathway genes was significantly increased in recombinant inbred lines from Nipponbare crossing with Chaling wild rice, These results suggest that the AP2/EREBP signaling pathway plays an important role in Chaling wild rice tolerance to cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Jingming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Yaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Jiacheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Chuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Yulin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Xingzhuo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Lingli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Xin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Qiuping Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhengjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Lihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhengjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Jianqing Zhu
- Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.Z.); (X.J.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiaomei Jia
- Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.Z.); (X.J.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiaoying Ye
- Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.Z.); (X.J.); (X.Y.)
| | - Rongjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (C.M.); (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Z.H.)
- Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.Z.); (X.J.); (X.Y.)
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Li Y, Chen Y, Chen J, Shen C. Flavonoid metabolites in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) stress response: Insights from bibliometric analysis. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 202:107934. [PMID: 37572493 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
In the context of global climate change, tea plants are at risk from elevating environmental stress factors. Coping with this problem relies upon the understanding of tea plant stress response and its underlying mechanisms. Over the past two decades, research in this field has prospered with the contributions of scientists worldwide. Aiming in providing a comprehensive perspective of the research field related to tea plant stress response, we present a bibliometric analysis of the this area. Our results demonstrate the most studied stresses, global contribution, authorship and collaboration, and trending research topics. We highlight the importance of flavonoid metabolites in tea plant stress response, particularly their role in maintaining redox homeostasis, yield, and adjusting tea quality under stress conditions. Further research on the flavonoid response under various stress conditions can promote the development of cultivation measures, thereby improving stress resistance and tea quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- YunFei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - YiQin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - JiaHao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - ChengWen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Li H, Song K, Zhang X, Wang D, Dong S, Liu Y, Yang L. Application of Multi-Perspectives in Tea Breeding and the Main Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12643. [PMID: 37628823 PMCID: PMC10454712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea plants are an economically important crop and conducting research on tea breeding contributes to enhancing the yield and quality of tea leaves as well as breeding traits that satisfy the requirements of the public. This study reviews the current status of tea plants germplasm resources and their utilization, which has provided genetic material for the application of multi-omics, including genomics and transcriptomics in breeding. Various molecular markers for breeding were designed based on multi-omics, and available approaches in the direction of high yield, quality and resistance in tea plants breeding are proposed. Additionally, future breeding of tea plants based on single-cellomics, pangenomics, plant-microbe interactions and epigenetics are proposed and provided as references. This study aims to provide inspiration and guidance for advancing the development of genetic breeding in tea plants, as well as providing implications for breeding research in other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Long Yang
- College of Plant Protection and Agricultural Big-Data Research Center, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
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Aouz A, Khan I, Chattha MB, Ahmad S, Ali M, Ali I, Ali A, Alqahtani FM, Hashem M, Albishi TS, Qari SH, Chatta MU, Hassan MU. Silicon Induces Heat and Salinity Tolerance in Wheat by Increasing Antioxidant Activities, Photosynthetic Activity, Nutrient Homeostasis, and Osmo-Protectant Synthesis. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2606. [PMID: 37514221 PMCID: PMC10385395 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Modern agriculture is facing the challenges of salinity and heat stresses, which pose a serious threat to crop productivity and global food security. Thus, it is necessary to develop the appropriate measures to minimize the impacts of these serious stresses on field crops. Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element on earth and has been recognized as an important substance to mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses. Thus, the present study determined the role of Si in mitigating adverse impacts of salinity stress (SS) and heat stress (HS) on wheat crop. This study examined response of different wheat genotypes, namely Akbar-2019, Subhani-2021, and Faisalabad-2008, under different treatments: control, SS (8 dSm-1), HS, SS + HS, control + Si, SS + Si, HS+ Si, and SS + HS+ Si. This study's findings reveal that HS and SS caused a significant decrease in the growth and yield of wheat by increasing electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production; sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) accumulation; and decreasing relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and carotenoid content, total soluble proteins (TSP), and free amino acids (FAA), as well as nutrient uptake (potassium, K; calcium, Ca; and magnesium, Mg). However, Si application offsets the negative effects of both salinity and HS and improved the growth and yield of wheat by increasing chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, RWC, antioxidant activity, TSP, FAA accumulation, and nutrient uptake (Ca, K, and Mg); decreasing EL, electrolyte leakage, MDA, and H2O2; and restricting the uptake of Na+ and Cl-. Thus, the application of Si could be an important approach to improve wheat growth and yield under normal and combined saline and HS conditions by improving plant physiological functioning, antioxidant activities, nutrient homeostasis, and osmolyte accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansa Aouz
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Chattha
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muqarrab Ali
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- School of Life Sciences & Center of Novel Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Abid Ali
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fatmah M Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tasahil S Albishi
- Biology Department, College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer H Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Umer Chatta
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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9
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Li Y, Cheng X, Lai J, Zhou Y, Lei T, Yang L, Li J, Yu X, Gao S. ISSR molecular markers and anatomical structures can assist in rapid and directional screening of cold-tolerant seedling mutants of medicinal and ornamental plant in Plumbago indica L. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1149669. [PMID: 37465387 PMCID: PMC10350533 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1149669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Plumbago indica L. is a perennial herb with ornamental and anticancer medicinal functions widely distributed in the tropics. It is affected by temperature and cannot bloom normally in colder subtropical regions, which seriously affects its ornamental value. To create low-temperature resistance mutants and enrich new germplasm resources, this study used tissue culture and chemical reagent (0.5 mmol/L NaN3) and low-temperature stress (0°C, full darkness for 48h) induction to target and screen for cold-resistance mutants. The results showed that the ISSR band polymorphism ratio of the 24 suspected mutant materials was 87.5%. The DNA profiles of the 9 mutants initially identified were altered. The content of plumbagin in the stems and leaves of the mutants was examined, and it was found that the accumulation in the leaves of the mutant SA24 could be as high as 3.84 times that of the control, which was 0.5991%. There were significant differences in the anatomical structures of roots, stems and leaves. The mutants mostly exhibited reduced root diameter (only 0.17-0.69 times that of CK), increased stem diameter (up to 2.19 times that of CK), enlarged mesophyll cells, increased thickness (up to 1.83 times that of CK) and high specificity, which are thought to be important for the different cold resistance obtained by the mutants. In the cold resistance experiment, four cold-tolerant mutants were successfully screened according to their morphological characteristics and physiological indexes, and the mutagenesis efficiency could be as high as 2.22% and did not affect the accumulation of plumbagin in their stems and leaves, even higher than CK. The responses of the screened mutants SA15, SA19, SA23 and SA24 to low temperature showed slower leaf wilting, higher light energy conversion efficiency, less accumulation of MDA content, increased enzymatic activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD) and more accumulation of soluble sugars and proline content. These characteristics are consistent with the response of cold-resistance plants to low temperatures. The cold- resistance mutants cultivated in soil were observed of agronomic and ornamental traits for one year, mainly manifested as delayed flowering and delayed entry into the senescence stage. This study provides a more rapid and accurate technique for identifying and screening cold-tolerant mutants, and lays the foundation for future experiments on the creation of new cold-resistant varieties.
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10
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Zhang X, Liu K, Tang Q, Zeng L, Wu Z. Light Intensity Regulates Low-Temperature Adaptability of Tea Plant through ROS Stress and Developmental Programs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9852. [PMID: 37373002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature stress limits global tea planting areas and production efficiency. Light is another essential ecological factor that acts in conjunction with temperature in the plant life cycle. However, it is unclear whether the differential light environment affects the low temperature adaptability of tea plant (Camellia sect. Thea). In this study, tea plant materials in three groups of light intensity treatments showed differentiated characteristics for low-temperature adaptability. Strong light (ST, 240 μmol·m-2·s-1) caused the degradation of chlorophyll and a decrease in peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities, as well as an increase in soluble sugar, soluble protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), and relative conductivity in tea leaves. In contrast, antioxidant enzyme activities, chlorophyll content, and relative conductivity were highest in weak light (WT, 15 μmol·m-2·s-1). Damage was observed in both ST and WT materials relative to moderate light intensity (MT, 160 μmol·m-2·s-1) in a frost resistance test. Chlorophyll degradation in strong light was a behavior that prevented photodamage, and the maximum photosynthetic quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm) decreased with increasing light intensity. This suggests that the browning that occurs on the leaf surface of ST materials through frost may have been stressed by the previous increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Frost intolerance of WT materials is mainly related to delayed tissue development and tenderness holding. Interestingly, transcriptome sequencing revealed that stronger light favors starch biosynthesis, while cellulose biosynthesis is enhanced in weaker light. It showed that light intensity mediated the form of carbon fixation in tea plant, and this was associated with low-temperature adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation, Southwest University, Chongqing 401329, China
- Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Keyi Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation, Southwest University, Chongqing 401329, China
- Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qianhui Tang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation, Southwest University, Chongqing 401329, China
- Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation, Southwest University, Chongqing 401329, China
- Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhijun Wu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation, Southwest University, Chongqing 401329, China
- Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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11
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Colombage R, Singh MB, Bhalla PL. Melatonin and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7447. [PMID: 37108609 PMCID: PMC10138880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing food demand by the growing human population and declining crop productivity due to climate change affect global food security. To meet the challenges, developing improved crops that can tolerate abiotic stresses is a priority. Melatonin in plants, also known as phytomelatonin, is an active component of the various cellular mechanisms that alleviates oxidative damage in plants, hence supporting the plant to survive abiotic stress conditions. Exogenous melatonin strengthens this defence mechanism by enhancing the detoxification of reactive by-products, promoting physiological activities, and upregulating stress-responsive genes to alleviate damage during abiotic stress. In addition to its well-known antioxidant activity, melatonin protects against abiotic stress by regulating plant hormones, activating ER stress-responsive genes, and increasing protein homoeostasis, heat shock transcription factors and heat shock proteins. Under abiotic stress, melatonin enhances the unfolded protein response, endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation, and autophagy, which ultimately protect cells from programmed cell death and promotes cell repair resulting in increased plant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prem L. Bhalla
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (R.C.); (M.B.S.)
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12
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Zhao J, Hu J. Melatonin: Current status and future perspectives in horticultural plants. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1140803. [PMID: 37035081 PMCID: PMC10076644 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1140803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Global warming in this century increases incidences of various abiotic stresses, restricting plant growth and productivity and posing a severe threat to global food production and security. Different phytohormones are produced by plants to mitigate the adverse effects of these stresses. One such phytohormone is melatonin (MEL), which, being a potential bio-stimulator, helps to govern a wide array of functions in horticultural crops. Recent advancements have determined the role of MEL in plants' responses to abiotic stresses. MEL enhances physiological functions such as seed germination, growth and development, seedling growth, root system architecture, and photosynthetic efficiency. The potential function of MEL in stressful environments is to regulate the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity, thus playing a role in the substantial scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, MEL, as a plant growth regulator and bio-stimulator, aids in promoting plant tolerance to abiotic stress, mainly through improvements in nutrient uptake, osmolyte production, and cellular membrane stability. This review, therefore, focuses on the possible functions of MEL in the induction of different abiotic stresses in horticultural crops. Therefore, this review would help readers learn more about MEL in altered environments and provide new suggestions on how this knowledge could be used to develop stress tolerance.
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13
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Wang Y, Samarina L, Mallano AI, Tong W, Xia E. Recent progress and perspectives on physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying cold tolerance of tea plants. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1145609. [PMID: 36866358 PMCID: PMC9971632 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1145609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tea is one of the most consumed and widely planted beverage plant worldwide, which contains many important economic, healthy, and cultural values. Low temperature inflicts serious damage to tea yields and quality. To cope with cold stress, tea plants have evolved a cascade of physiological and molecular mechanisms to rescue the metabolic disorders in plant cells caused by the cold stress; this includes physiological, biochemical changes and molecular regulation of genes and associated pathways. Understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying how tea plants perceive and respond to cold stress is of great significance to breed new varieties with improved quality and stress resistance. In this review, we summarized the putative cold signal sensors and molecular regulation of the CBF cascade pathway in cold acclimation. We also broadly reviewed the functions and potential regulation networks of 128 cold-responsive gene families of tea plants reported in the literature, including those particularly regulated by light, phytohormone, and glycometabolism. We discussed exogenous treatments, including ABA, MeJA, melatonin, GABA, spermidine and airborne nerolidol that have been reported as effective ways to improve cold resistance in tea plants. We also present perspectives and possible challenges for functional genomic studies on cold tolerance of tea plants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lidia Samarina
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi, Russia
| | - Ali Inayat Mallano
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Enhua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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14
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Ding J, Liu C, Huang P, Zhang Y, Hu X, Li H, Liu Y, Chen L, Liu Y, Qin W. Effects of thymol concentration on postharvest diseases and quality of blueberry fruit. Food Chem 2023; 402:134227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Cheng Y, Ban Q, Mao J, Lin M, Zhu X, Xia Y, Cao X, Zhang X, Li Y. Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals That Amino Acid Biosynthesis May Determine Differences in Cold-Tolerant and Cold-Sensitive Tea Cultivars. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031907. [PMID: 36768228 PMCID: PMC9916234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold stress is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting tea production. The planting of cold-resistant tea cultivars is one of the most effective measures to prevent chilling injury. However, the differences in cold resistance between tea cultivars remain unclear. In the present study, we perform a transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of Camellia sinensis var. "Shuchazao" (cold-tolerant, SCZ) and C. sinensis var. assamica "Yinghong 9" (cold-sensitive, YH9) during cold acclimation and analyze the correlation between gene expression and metabolite biosynthesis. Our results show that there were 51 differentially accumulated metabolites only up-regulated in SCZ in cold-acclimation (CA) and de-acclimation (DA) stages, of which amino acids accounted for 18%. The accumulation of L-arginine and lysine in SCZ in the CA stage was higher than that in YH9. A comparative transcriptomic analysis showed an enrichment of the amino acid biosynthesis pathway in SCZ in the CA stage, especially "arginine biosynthesis" pathways. In combining transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, it was found that genes and metabolites associated with amino acid biosynthesis were significantly enriched in the CA stage of SCZ compared to CA stage of YH9. Under cold stress, arginine may improve the cold resistance of tea plants by activating the polyamine synthesis pathway and CBF (C-repeat-binding factor)-COR (cold-regulated genes) regulation pathway. Our results show that amino acid biosynthesis may play a positive regulatory role in the cold resistance of tea plants and assist in understanding the cold resistance mechanism differences among tea varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Qiuyan Ban
- School of Horticulture, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Junlin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mengling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yuhui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaojie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xianchen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yeyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
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16
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Wei Y, Chen H, Wang L, Zhao Q, Wang D, Zhang T. Cold acclimation alleviates cold stress-induced PSII inhibition and oxidative damage in tobacco leaves. Plant Signal Behav 2022; 17:2013638. [PMID: 34964430 PMCID: PMC8920150 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.2013638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore how cold acclimation (CA) modulates cold stress in tobacco leaves and reveal the relationship between CA and cold stress resistance, and the mechanism of CA-induced plant resistance to cold stress. This study examined the effects of CA treatment (at 8-10℃ for 2 d) on the cold tolerance of tobacco leaves under 4°C cold stress treatment using seedlings without CA treatment as the control (NA). In both CA and NA leaves, cold stress treatment resulted in a decrease in maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), increase in relative variable fluorescence (VJ) at 2 ms on the standardized OJIP curve, inhibition of PSII activity, and impairment of electron transfer on the acceptor side. Besides increasing the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage rate, the cold stress exacerbated the degree of membrane peroxidation. The CA treatment also induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion (O2·-) and H2O2, and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX). The CA treatment also enhanced the accumulation of soluble sugar (SS) and soluble protein (SP), cyclic electron flow (CEF), and the proportion of regulatory energy dissipation Y(NPQ). Moreover, CA+ cold stress treatment significantly reduced CEF and Y(NPQ) in tobacco leaves than under NA+ cold stress treatment, thus significantly alleviating the degree of PSII photoinhibition. In conclusion, CA treatment significantly alleviated PSII photoinhibition and oxidative damage in tobacco leaves under cold stress treatment. Improvement in cold resistance of tobacco leaves is associated with the induction of antioxidant enzyme activity, accumulation of osmoregulation substances, and initiation of photoprotective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Wei
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Hongzhi Chen
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Tongen Zhang
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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17
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Abstract
Global climate changes cause extreme temperatures and a significant reduction in crop production, leading to food insecurity worldwide. Temperature extremes (including both heat and cold stresses) is one of the most limiting factors in plant growth and development and severely affect plant physiology, biochemical, and molecular processes. Biostimulants like melatonin (MET) have a multifunctional role that acts as a "defense molecule" to safeguard plants against the noxious effects of temperature stress. MET treatment improves plant growth and temperature tolerance by improving several defense mechanisms. Current research also suggests that MET interacts with other molecules, like phytohormones and gaseous molecules, which greatly supports plant adaptation to temperature stress. Genetic engineering via overexpression or CRISPR/Cas system of MET biosynthetic genes uplifts the MET levels in transgenic plants and enhances temperature stress tolerance. This review highlights the critical role of MET in plant production and tolerance against temperature stress. We have documented how MET interacts with other molecules to alleviate temperature stress. MET-mediated molecular breeding would be great potential in helping the adverse effects of temperature stress by creating transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pedro García-Caparrós
- Agronomy Department of Superior School Engineering, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Md Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea
| | | | - Faisal Saeed
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Turkey
| | - Wanmei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, Peking, China
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18
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Altaf MA, Shu H, Hao Y, Mumtaz MA, Lu X, Wang Z. Melatonin Affects the Photosynthetic Performance of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Seedlings under Cold Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11. [PMID: 36552621 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis is an important plant metabolic mechanism that improves carbon absorption and crop yield. Photosynthetic efficiency is greatly hampered by cold stress (CS). Melatonin (ME) is a new plant growth regulator that regulates a wide range of abiotic stress responses. However, the molecular mechanism of ME-mediated photosynthetic regulation in cold-stressed plants is not well understood. Our findings suggest that under low-temperature stress (15/5 °C for 7 days), spraying the plant with ME (200 µM) enhanced gas exchange characteristics and the photosynthetic pigment content of pepper seedlings, as well as upregulated their biosynthetic gene expression. Melatonin increased the activity of photosynthetic enzymes (Rubisco and fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase) while also enhancing starch, sucrose, soluble sugar, and glucose content under CS conditions. Low-temperature stress significantly decreased the photochemical activity of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), specifically their maximum quantum efficiency PSII (Fv/Fm) and PSI (Pm). In contrast, ME treatment improved the photochemical activity of PSII and PSI. Furthermore, CS dramatically reduced the actual PSII efficiency (ΦPSII), electron transport rate (ETR) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), while enhancing nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ); however, ME treatment substantially mitigated the effects of CS. Our results clearly show the probable function of ME treatment in mitigating the effects of CS by maintaining photosynthetic performance, which might be beneficial when screening genotypes for CS tolerance.
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19
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Khalid M, Rehman HM, Ahmed N, Nawaz S, Saleem F, Ahmad S, Uzair M, Rana IA, Atif RM, Zaman QU, Lam HM. Using Exogenous Melatonin, Glutathione, Proline, and Glycine Betaine Treatments to Combat Abiotic Stresses in Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12913. [PMID: 36361700 PMCID: PMC9657122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, heat, cold, and heavy metals, are associated with global climate change and hamper plant growth and development, affecting crop yields and quality. However, the negative effects of abiotic stresses can be mitigated through exogenous treatments using small biomolecules. For example, the foliar application of melatonin provides the following: it protects the photosynthetic apparatus; it increases the antioxidant defenses, osmoprotectant, and soluble sugar levels; it prevents tissue damage and reduces electrolyte leakage; it improves reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging; and it increases biomass, maintains the redox and ion homeostasis, and improves gaseous exchange. Glutathione spray upregulates the glyoxalase system, reduces methylglyoxal (MG) toxicity and oxidative stress, decreases hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde accumulation, improves the defense mechanisms, tissue repairs, and nitrogen fixation, and upregulates the phytochelatins. The exogenous application of proline enhances growth and other physiological characteristics, upregulates osmoprotection, protects the integrity of the plasma lemma, reduces lipid peroxidation, increases photosynthetic pigments, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and amino acids, and enhances stress tolerance, carbon fixation, and leaf nitrogen content. The foliar application of glycine betaine improves growth, upregulates osmoprotection and osmoregulation, increases relative water content, net photosynthetic rate, and catalase activity, decreases photorespiration, ion leakage, and lipid peroxidation, protects the oxygen-evolving complex, and prevents chlorosis. Chemical priming has various important advantages over transgenic technology as it is typically more affordable for farmers and safe for plants, people, and animals, while being considered environmentally acceptable. Chemical priming helps to improve the quality and quantity of the yield. This review summarizes and discusses how exogenous melatonin, glutathione, proline, and glycine betaine can help crops combat abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Memoona Khalid
- Centre for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Mamoon Rehman
- Centre for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Center for Soybean Research of the Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- Centre for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sehar Nawaz
- Centre for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Fozia Saleem
- Centre for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Seed Center, Ministry of Environment, Water & Agriculture, Riyadh 14712, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Uzair
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Iqrar Ahmad Rana
- Centre for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan, Punjab 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Atif
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan, Punjab 38000, Pakistan
| | - Qamar U. Zaman
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan, Punjab 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- Center for Soybean Research of the Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Arnao MB, Cano A, Hernández-Ruiz J. Phytomelatonin: an unexpected molecule with amazing performances in plants. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:5779-5800. [PMID: 35029657 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytomelatonin, a multifunctional molecule that has been found to be present in all plants examined to date, has an important role in plants as a modulatory agent (a biostimulator) that improves plant tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stress. We present a review of phytomelatonin that considers its roles in plant metabolism and in particular its interactions with plant hormone network. In the primary metabolism of plants, melatonin improves the rate and efficiency of photosynthesis, as well related factors such as stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2, and Rubisco activity. It has also been shown to down-regulate some senescence transcription factors. Melatonin up-regulates many enzyme transcripts related to carbohydrates (including sucrose and starch), amino acids, and lipid metabolism, optimizing N, P, and S uptake. With respect to the secondary metabolism, clear increases in polyphenol, glucosinolate, terpenoid, and alkaloid contents have been described in numerous melatonin-treated plants. Generally, the most important genes of these secondary biosynthesis pathways have been found to be up-regulated by melatonin. The great regulatory capacity of melatonin is a result of its control of the redox and plant hormone networks. Melatonin acts as a plant master regulator, up-/down-regulating different plant hormone levels and signalling, and is a key player in redox homeostasis. It has the capacity to counteract diverse critical situations such as pathogen infections and abiotic stresses, and provide plants with varying degrees of tolerance. We propose possible future applications of melatonin for crop improvement and post-harvest product preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino B Arnao
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100-Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Cano
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100-Murcia, Spain
| | - Josefa Hernández-Ruiz
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100-Murcia, Spain
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21
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Li J, Xie J, Yu J, Lyv J, Zhang J, Ding D, Li N, Zhang J, Bakpa EP, Yang Y, Niu T, Gao F. Melatonin enhanced low-temperature combined with low-light tolerance of pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings by regulating root growth, antioxidant defense system, and osmotic adjustment. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:998293. [PMID: 36247609 PMCID: PMC9554354 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.998293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) is an important biologically active hormone that plays a vital role in plant growth and development. In particular, it has been investigated for its roles in abiotic stress management. In this study, pepper seedlings were subjected to low-temperature combined with low-light stress (LL) (15/5°C, 100 μmol m-2s-1) prior to a foliar spray of 200mM MT for 168h to investigate the protective role of MT in pepper seedlings. Our results demonstrated that LL stress negatively affected root growth, and accelerated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including H2O2 and O 2 - , changed the osmolytes contents, and antioxidative system. However, these were reversed by exogenous MT application. MT effectively promoted the root growth as indicated by significant increase in root length, surface area, root volume, tips, forks, and crossings. In addition, MT reduced the burst of ROS and MDA contents induced by LL, enhanced the activities of SOD, CAT, POD, APX, DHAR, and MDHAR resulted by upregulated expressions of CaSOD, CaPOD, CaCAT, CaAPX, CaDHAR, and CaMDHAR, and elevated the contents of AsA and GSH, declined DHA and GSSH contents, which prevented membrane lipid peroxidation and protected plants from oxidative damages under LL stress. Furthermore, seedlings treated with MT released high contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein in leave, which might enhance LL tolerance by maintaining substance biosynthesis and maintaining cellular homeostasis resulted by high levels of osmolytes and carbohydrate in the cytosol. Our current findings confirmed the mitigating potential of MT application for LL stress by promoting pepper root growth, improving antioxidative defense system, ascorbate-glutathione cycle, and osmotic adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Lyv
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institution of Vegetable, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dongxia Ding
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nenghui Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Yan Yang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tianhang Niu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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22
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Zhang P, Hu Y, Zhou R, Zhang X, Hu H, Lang D. The antioxidant system response to drought-stressed Diospyros lotus treated with exogenous melatonin. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13936. [PMID: 36157056 PMCID: PMC9496507 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses adversely impacting the growth of persimmon, which is a widely cultivated traditional fruit tree in North China. Melatonin is a bio-stimulator involved in mediating plant responses to drought. The role of exogenous melatonin application in the drought tolerance of Diospyros lotus was examined under drought stress with different doses of melatonin (0, 10, 50, and 100 µM). Exogenous melatonin application significantly mitigated the adverse effects of drought stress on chlorophyll fluorescence, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and nitric oxide (NO) content. The 100-µM melatonin application produced the most beneficial impacts against drought stress. The melatonin-enhanced tolerance could be attributed to improved antioxidant enzymes, reduced drought-induced ROS accumulation, and lipid peroxidation. Melatonin application activated major antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase. Interestingly, NO concentration was significantly higher in 10 and 50 µM melatonin treatments and lower in 100 µM melatonin treatment compared to the control. Moreover, exogenous melatonin application affected the mRNA transcript levels of several genes involved in ROS metabolism, including DlRBOHA, DlSOD, DlCAT, and DlPOD. Hence, the responses of Diospyros lotus to drought varied with different doses of melatonin. Our results provide a concrete insight into the effects of melatonin with varying doses in alleviating drought as well as a platform for its potential application in the related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China,Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yi Hu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ruijin Zhou
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China,Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China,Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China,Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Dongmei Lang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China,Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
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Maity S, Guchhait R, Pramanick K. Melatonin mediated activation of MAP kinase pathway may reduce DNA damage stress in plants: A review. Biofactors 2022; 48:965-971. [PMID: 35938772 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is an important biomolecule found in diverse groups of organisms. Under different abiotic stresses, the synthesis of melatonin is markedly increased suggesting pivotal roles of melatonin in plants enduring stresses. Being an endogenous signaling molecule with antioxidant activity, melatonin alters many physiological responses and is found to be involved in regulating DNA damage responses. However, the molecular mechanisms of melatonin in response to DNA damage have not yet been studied. The present review aims to provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of melatonin in response to DNA damage in plants. We propose that the MAP kinase pathway is involved in regulating melatonin dependent response of plants under DNA damage stress. Where melatonin might activate MAPK via H2 O2 or Ca2+ dependent pathways. The activated MAPK in turn might phosphorylate and activate SOG1 and repressor type MYBs to mitigate DNA damage under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhendu Maity
- Integrative Biology Research Unit (IBRU), Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajkumar Guchhait
- P.G. Department of Zoology, Mahishadal Raj College, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
| | - Kousik Pramanick
- Integrative Biology Research Unit (IBRU), Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Xu L, Zheng Y, Yu Q, Liu J, Yang Z, Chen Y. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Stress Tolerance to and Accumulation Mechanisms of Cadmium in Paspalum vaginatum Swartz. Plants 2022; 11:2078. [PMID: 36015382 PMCID: PMC9414793 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential heavy metal and high concentrations in plants causes toxicity of their edible parts and acts as a carcinogen to humans and animals. Paspalum vaginatum is widely cultivating as turfgrass due to its higher abiotic stress tolerance ability. However, there is no clear evidence to elucidate the mechanism for heavy metal tolerance, including Cd. In this study, an RNA sequencing technique was employed to investigate the key genes associated with Cd stress tolerance and accumulation in P. vaginatum. The results revealed that antioxidant enzyme activities catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione S-transferase GST) were significantly higher at 24 h than in other treatments. A total of 6820 (4457/2363, up-/down-regulated), 14,038 (9894/4144, up-/down-regulated) and 17,327 (7956/9371, up-/down-regulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the Cd1 vs. Cd0, Cd4 vs. Cd0, and Cd24 vs. Cd0, respectively, were identified. The GO analysis and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs participated in many significant pathways in response to Cd stress. The response to abiotic stimulus, the metal transport mechanism, glutathione metabolism, and the consistency of transcription factor activity were among the most enriched pathways. The validation of gene expression by qRT-PCR results showed that heavy metal transporters and signaling response genes were significantly enriched with increasing sampling intervals, presenting consistency to the transcriptome data. Furthermore, over-expression of PvSnRK2.7 can positively regulate Cd-tolerance in Arabidopsis. In conclusion, our results provided a novel molecular mechanism of the Cd stress tolerance of P. vaginatum and will lay the foundation for target breeding of Cd tolerance in turfgrass.
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Li Z, Zhang S, Xue J, Mu B, Song H, Liu Y. Exogenous Melatonin Treatment Induces Disease Resistance against Botrytis cinerea on Post-Harvest Grapes by Activating Defence Responses. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152231. [PMID: 35953999 PMCID: PMC9367934 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea seriously affects the value of post-harvest grapes. Melatonin can act as an exogenous regulator in the resistance of exogenous pathogens due to its antioxidant activity. An artificial inoculation trial was conducted to research the induced resistance mechanism of melatonin treatment using the table grape “Muscat Hamburg” (Vitis vinifera L. cv). Grapes were immersed with 0.02, 0.2, and 2 mmol/L melatonin, followed by B. cinerea suspension injections after 48 h. The results showed that the mycelial growth and spore germination of B. cinerea was not significantly inhibited by melatonin at different concentrations (0.02–2 mmol/L). However, post-harvest melatonin treatment inhibited the increase of disease incidence and severity of grey mould, induced the synthesis and accumulation of total phenols and flavonoids, reduced malondialdehyde generation, and inhibited an increase in cell membrane permeability. Meanwhile, defensive enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidize (POD), catalase (CAT), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), chitinase (CHI), and β-1,3-glucanase, were significantly increased in fruits treated with exogenous melatonin. These results suggested that exogenous melatonin treatment could activate defence responses to combat the infection of B. cinerea in post-harvest grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhen Li
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.L.); (J.X.); (B.M.)
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (H.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shujuan Zhang
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.L.); (J.X.); (B.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-3549-1091
| | - Jianxin Xue
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.L.); (J.X.); (B.M.)
| | - Bingyu Mu
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.L.); (J.X.); (B.M.)
| | - Hong Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (H.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanping Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (H.S.); (Y.L.)
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26
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Iqbal R, Khan T. Application of exogenous melatonin in vitro and in planta: a review of its effects and mechanisms of action. Biotechnol Lett 2022; 44:933-950. [PMID: 35751787 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a natural indolamine that regulates many physiological functions in plants. The most prominent role of melatonin in plants has been its ability to work as an anti-stressor agent. Exogenous melatonin can prevent cell death and promote cell proliferation through its antioxidant properties, enhancement of polyamine biosynthesis, and the ability to shift cell metabolism in case of stressors like sugar starvation. Melatonin scavenges reactive oxygen species and thus preventing damage to cell membranes and other organelles. Its application in different plant culture systems reveals its important physiological and biochemical roles during the growth and development of these cultures. It has been observed that the exogenous melatonin protects callus culture, reduces cold-induced apoptosis in cell suspension, and stimulates adventitious and lateral roots formation. This review presents the physiological and biochemical effects of exogenous melatonin on in vitro culture systems, including its impact on biomass accumulation, growth, and development of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, 18800, Pakistan.,Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, 18800, Pakistan.
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Yang N, Han MH, Teng RM, Yang YZ, Wang YH, Xiong AS, Zhuang J. Exogenous Melatonin Enhances Photosynthetic Capacity and Related Gene Expression in A Dose-Dependent Manner in the Tea Plant ( Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126694. [PMID: 35743137 PMCID: PMC9223723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhancement of photosynthesis of tea leaves can increase tea yield. In order to explore the regulation mechanism of exogenous melatonin (MT) on the photosynthetic characteristics of tea plants, tea variety 'Zhongcha 108' was used as the experimental material in this study. The effects of different concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mM) of melatonin on the chlorophyll (Chl) content, stomatal opening, photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters, antioxidant enzyme activity, and related gene expression of tea plants were detected and analyzed. The results showed that under 0.2-mM MT treatment, chlorophyll (Chl) content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr) improved, accompanied by a decrease in stomata density and increase in stomata area. Zero point two millimolar MT increased Chl fluorescence level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and reduced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, indicating that MT alleviated PSII inhibition and improved photochemical efficiency. At the same time, 0.2 mM MT induced the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism to varying degrees. The study demonstrated that MT can effectively enhance the photosynthetic capacity of tea plants in a dose-dependent manner. These results may promote a comprehensive understanding of the potential regulatory mechanism of exogenous MT on photosynthesis in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Yang
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (N.Y.); (M.-H.H.); (R.-M.T.); (Y.-Z.Y.)
| | - Miao-Hua Han
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (N.Y.); (M.-H.H.); (R.-M.T.); (Y.-Z.Y.)
| | - Rui-Min Teng
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (N.Y.); (M.-H.H.); (R.-M.T.); (Y.-Z.Y.)
| | - Ya-Zhuo Yang
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (N.Y.); (M.-H.H.); (R.-M.T.); (Y.-Z.Y.)
| | - Ya-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.-H.W.); (A.-S.X.)
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.-H.W.); (A.-S.X.)
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (N.Y.); (M.-H.H.); (R.-M.T.); (Y.-Z.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Hassan MU, Mahmood A, Awan MI, Maqbool R, Aamer M, Alhaithloul HAS, Huang G, Skalicky M, Brestic M, Pandey S, El Sabagh A, Qari SH. Melatonin-Induced Protection Against Plant Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Prospects. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:902694. [PMID: 35755707 PMCID: PMC9218792 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.902694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Global warming in this century increases incidences of various abiotic stresses restricting plant growth and productivity and posing a severe threat to global food production and security. The plant produces different osmolytes and hormones to combat the harmful effects of these abiotic stresses. Melatonin (MT) is a plant hormone that possesses excellent properties to improve plant performance under different abiotic stresses. It is associated with improved physiological and molecular processes linked with seed germination, growth and development, photosynthesis, carbon fixation, and plant defence against other abiotic stresses. In parallel, MT also increased the accumulation of multiple osmolytes, sugars and endogenous hormones (auxin, gibberellic acid, and cytokinins) to mediate resistance to stress. Stress condition in plants often produces reactive oxygen species. MT has excellent antioxidant properties and substantially scavenges reactive oxygen species by increasing the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants under stress conditions. Moreover, the upregulation of stress-responsive and antioxidant enzyme genes makes it an excellent stress-inducing molecule. However, MT produced in plants is not sufficient to induce stress tolerance. Therefore, the development of transgenic plants with improved MT biosynthesis could be a promising approach to enhancing stress tolerance. This review, therefore, focuses on the possible role of MT in the induction of various abiotic stresses in plants. We further discussed MT biosynthesis and the critical role of MT as a potential antioxidant for improving abiotic stress tolerance. In addition, we also addressed MT biosynthesis and shed light on future research directions. Therefore, this review would help readers learn more about MT in a changing environment and provide new suggestions on how this knowledge could be used to develop stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Masood Iqbal Awan
- Department of Agronomy, Sub-Campus Depalpur, Okara, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Maqbool
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamer
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Agronomy, Sub-Campus Depalpur, Okara, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Guoqin Huang
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Naz R, Gul F, Zahoor S, Nosheen A, Yasmin H, Keyani R, Shahid M, Hassan MN, Siddiqui MH, Batool S, Anwar Z, Ali N, Roberts TH. Interactive effects of hydrogen sulphide and silicon enhance drought and heat tolerance by modulating hormones, antioxidant defence enzymes and redox status in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2022; 24:684-696. [PMID: 34879172 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent changes in climate have reduced crop productivity throughout much of the world. Drought and heat stress, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, have seriously affected barley production. This study explored the separate and interactive effects of silicon (Si) and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) on plant growth and mitigation of the adverse effects of heat stress (DS) and drought stress (HS) in a barley pot experiment. The impacts of simultaneous DS + HS were more severe than individual stresses due to increased ROS production, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and higher electrolyte leakage (EL), thereby leading to reduced water, protein and photosynthetic pigment content. Exogenously applied Si and H2 S alleviated the DS-, HS- and DS + HS-induced effects on barley by reducing ROS production, MDA and EL. A single application of H2 S or Si + H2 S increased plant biomass under all stress conditions, which can be ascribed to higher Si accumulation in barley shoots. A single application of Si or H2 S significantly increased plant biomass. However, Si + H2 S was the most effective treatment for metabolite accumulation and elevating activity of antioxidant enzymes to prevent toxicity from oxidative stress. This treatment also modulated osmolyte content, enhanced antioxidant activity and regulated the stress signalling-related endogenous hormones, abscisic acid (ABA) and indole acetic acid (IAA). Exogenous treatments regulated endogenous H2 S and Si and resulted in higher tolerance to individual and combined drought and heat stress in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Naz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F Gul
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Zahoor
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Nosheen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - H Yasmin
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - R Keyani
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M N Hassan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Batool
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Z Anwar
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - N Ali
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - T H Roberts
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Azmat A, Tanveer Y, Yasmin H, Hassan MN, Shahzad A, Reddy M, Ahmad A. Coactive role of zinc oxide nanoparticles and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for mitigation of synchronized effects of heat and drought stress in wheat plants. Chemosphere 2022; 297:133982. [PMID: 35181419 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study intended to investigate the potential of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) (fruit extract of Papaya) against heat and drought stress in wheat. The characterization of green-synthesized ZnO-NPs was done through UV-vis spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Individual and combination of PGPR (Pseudomonas sp.) and ZnO-NPs (10 ppm) amendments were tested in a pot experiment to upregulate wheat defence system under three stress groups (drought, heat and combined heat and drought stress). Drought and heat stress synergistically caused higher damage to wheat plants than individual heat and drought stress. This observation was confirmed with remarkable higher MDA and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content. Treated plants exposed to all stress groups showed an improved wheat growth and stress resistance through better biomass, photosynthetic pigments, nutrients, soluble sugars, protein and indole acetic acid content. Combination of ZnO-NPs and Pseudomonas sp. Protects the plants from all stress groups by producing higher proline, antioxidant enzymes i. e superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase, and abscisic acid. Moreover, higher stress alleviation by this treatment was manifested by marked reduced electrolyte leakage, MDA and H2O2. The findings of current study confirmed that the synergistic actions of PGPR and ZnO-NPs can rescue plants from both single and combined heat and drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Azmat
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yashfa Tanveer
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Yasmin
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | | | - Asim Shahzad
- Department of Botany, Mohi- Ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, 12080, AJ&K, Pakistan
| | | | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Yu X, Liang L, Xie Y, Tang Y, Tan H, Zhang J, Lin L, Sun B, Huang Z, Liu J, Li X, Tu L, Li H. Comparative Analysis of Italian Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. var. ramose) Transcriptome Profiles Reveals the Molecular Mechanism on Exogenous Melatonin Preventing Cadmium Toxicity. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:955. [PMID: 35741717 PMCID: PMC9223142 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in lettuce causes a large amount of yield loss during industry. Although many studies report that exogenous melatonin helps to alleviate the Cd stress of lettuce, the molecular mechanism for how plant tissue responds to Cd treatment is unclear. Herein, we applied both PacBio and Illumina techniques for Italian lettuce under different designed treatments of Cd and melatonin, aiming to reveal the potential molecular pathway of the response to Cd stress as well as the how the pre-application of exogenous melatonin affect this process. This result reveals that the root has the biggest expression pattern shift and is a more essential tissue to respond to both Cd and melatonin treatments than leaves. We reveal the molecular background of the Cd stress response in prospects of antioxidant and hormone signal transduction pathways, and we found that their functions are diverged and specifically expressed in tissues. We also found that candidate genes related to melatonin detoxify during Cd stress. Our study sheds new light for future research on how melatonin improves the cadmium resistance of lettuce and also provide valuable data for lettuce breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Yu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Le Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Yongdong Xie
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.X.); (H.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Yi Tang
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (L.L.)
| | - Huaqiang Tan
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.X.); (H.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Lijin Lin
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (L.L.)
| | - Bo Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Zhi Huang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Ji Liu
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.X.); (H.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Xiaomei Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu 610300, China
| | - Lihua Tu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Huanxiu Li
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (L.L.)
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Gu Q, Xiao Q, Chen Z, Han Y. Crosstalk between Melatonin and Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Abiotic Stress Responses: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105666. [PMID: 35628474 PMCID: PMC9143051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin acts as a multifunctional molecule that takes part in various physiological processes, especially in the protection against abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, heat, cold, heavy metals, etc. These stresses typically elicit reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Excessive ROS induce oxidative stress and decrease crop growth and productivity. Significant advances in melatonin initiate a complex antioxidant system that modulates ROS homeostasis in plants. Numerous evidences further reveal that melatonin often cooperates with other signaling molecules, such as ROS, nitric oxide (NO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The interaction among melatonin, NO, H2S, and ROS orchestrates the responses to abiotic stresses via signaling networks, thus conferring the plant tolerance. In this review, we summarize the roles of melatonin in establishing redox homeostasis through the antioxidant system and the current progress of complex interactions among melatonin, NO, H2S, and ROS in higher plant responses to abiotic stresses. We further highlight the vital role of respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) during these processes. The complicated integration that occurs between ROS and melatonin in plants is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gu
- School of Biological Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (Q.G.); (Q.X.)
| | - Qingqing Xiao
- School of Biological Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (Q.G.); (Q.X.)
| | - Ziping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yi Han
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (Y.H.)
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Karimzadeh Soureshjani H, Nezami A, Nabati J, Oskoueian E, Ahmadi-Lahijani MJ. The Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Modifications of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Seedlings Under Freezing Stress. J Plant Growth Regul 2022; 41:1109-1124. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s00344-021-10369-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
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Gao T, Liu X, Tan K, Zhang D, Zhu B, Ma F, Li C. Introducing melatonin to the horticultural industry: physiological roles, potential applications, and challenges. Hortic Res 2022; 9:uhac094. [PMID: 35873728 PMCID: PMC9297156 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an emerging biomolecule that influences horticultural crop growth, flowering, fruit ripening, postharvest preservation, and stress protection. It functions as a plant growth regulator, preservative and antimicrobial agent to promote seed germination, regulate root system architecture, influence flowering and pollen germination, promote fruit production, ensure postharvest preservation, and increase resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Here, we highlight the potential applications of melatonin in multiple aspects of horticulture, including molecular breeding, vegetative reproduction, production of virus-free plants, food safety, and horticultural crop processing. We also discuss its effects on parthenocarpy, autophagy, and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Together, these many features contribute to the promise of melatonin for improving horticultural crop production and food safety. Effective translation of melatonin to the horticultural industry requires an understanding of the challenges associated with its uses, including the development of economically viable sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kexin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Danni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Chao Li
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: ,
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Mir RA, Bhat BA, Yousuf H, Islam ST, Raza A, Rizvi MA, Charagh S, Albaqami M, Sofi PA, Zargar SM. Multidimensional Role of Silicon to Activate Resilient Plant Growth and to Mitigate Abiotic Stress. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:819658. [PMID: 35401625 PMCID: PMC8984490 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.819658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agricultural production is critically antagonistic by fluctuating unfavorable environmental conditions. The introduction of mineral elements emerged as the most exciting and magical aspect, apart from the novel intervention of traditional and applied strategies to defend the abiotic stress conditions. The silicon (Si) has ameliorating impacts by regulating diverse functionalities on enhancing the growth and development of crop plants. Si is categorized as a non-essential element since crop plants accumulate less during normal environmental conditions. Studies on the application of Si in plants highlight the beneficial role of Si during extreme stressful conditions through modulation of several metabolites during abiotic stress conditions. Phytohormones are primary plant metabolites positively regulated by Si during abiotic stress conditions. Phytohormones play a pivotal role in crop plants' broad-spectrum biochemical and physiological aspects during normal and extreme environmental conditions. Frontline phytohormones include auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, gibberellin, salicylic acid, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, and jasmonic acid. These phytohormones are internally correlated with Si in regulating abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms. This review explores insights into the role of Si in enhancing the phytohormone metabolism and its role in maintaining the physiological and biochemical well-being of crop plants during diverse abiotic stresses. Moreover, in-depth information about Si's pivotal role in inducing abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants through metabolic and molecular modulations is elaborated. Furthermore, the potential of various high throughput technologies has also been discussed in improving Si-induced multiple stress tolerance. In addition, a special emphasis is engrossed in the role of Si in achieving sustainable agricultural growth and global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
| | | | - Henan Yousuf
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | | | - Ali Raza
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaze A. Sofi
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, India
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Qari SH, Hassan MU, Chattha MU, Mahmood A, Naqve M, Nawaz M, Barbanti L, Alahdal MA, Aljabri M. Melatonin Induced Cold Tolerance in Plants: Physiological and Molecular Responses. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:843071. [PMID: 35371159 PMCID: PMC8967244 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.843071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress is one of the most limiting factors for plant growth and development. Cold stress adversely affects plant physiology, molecular and biochemical processes by determining oxidative stress, poor nutrient and water uptake, disorganization of cellular membranes and reduced photosynthetic efficiency. Therefore, to recover impaired plant functions under cold stress, the application of bio-stimulants can be considered a suitable approach. Melatonin (MT) is a critical bio-stimulant that has often shown to enhance plant performance under cold stress. Melatonin application improved plant growth and tolerance to cold stress by maintaining membrane integrity, plant water content, stomatal opening, photosynthetic efficiency, nutrient and water uptake, redox homeostasis, accumulation of osmolytes, hormones and secondary metabolites, and the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through improved antioxidant activities and increase in expression of stress-responsive genes. Thus, it is essential to understand the mechanisms of MT induced cold tolerance and identify the diverse research gaps necessitating to be addressed in future research programs. This review discusses MT involvement in the control of various physiological and molecular responses for inducing cold tolerance. We also shed light on engineering MT biosynthesis for improving the cold tolerance in plants. Moreover, we highlighted areas where future research is needed to make MT a vital antioxidant conferring cold tolerance to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Naqve
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Lorenzo Barbanti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maryam A. Alahdal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Aljabri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Research Laboratories Centre, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Na C, Ziwen Z, Yeyun L, Xianchen Z. Exogenously applied Spd and Spm enhance drought tolerance in tea plants by increasing fatty acid desaturation and plasma membrane H +-ATPase activity. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 170:225-233. [PMID: 34915283 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines, due to their positive charges, bind to ROS Reactive oxygen species (ROS) thereby stabilizing the plasma membrane (PM). Drought is one of the main limiting factors affecting tea plant yield and quality. However, the effect of Spermidine (Spd) or Spermine (Spm) on membrane stability and fluidity in tea plants under drought stress is poorly understood. In this investigation, an exogenous supply of 1 mM Spd or Spm did not mitigate drought stress-induced damage, however, an exogenous supply of 0.2 mM Spd or Spm application significantly alleviated drought-induced damage in tea plants. To further illustrate the role of 0.2 mM Spd or Spm in maintaining membrane integrity and fluidity, the fatty acid percentage and PM H+-ATPase activity were analyzed. Spd and Spm application significantly increased PM H+-ATPase activity by 43.79% compared with that without the addition of polyamine under drought stress. In addition, exogenous application of Spd and Spm also significantly increased C18:3 by approximately 10%, hence alleviating drought-reduced fatty acid unsaturation. In contrast, Spd and Spm metabolic inhibitors dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) further impaired PM H+-ATPase activity and fatty acid desaturation under the drought + DCHA treatment compared with the drought treatment, respectively. Taken together, 0.2 mM Spd and Spm application significantly enhanced drought tolerance by increasing fatty acid unsaturation and maintaining PM H+-ATPase activity in tea plants. Therefore, foliar application of 0.2 mM Spd or Spm can be a potential foliar-spraying substances for improving tea drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Na
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zhou Ziwen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Li Yeyun
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zhang Xianchen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Wei J, Liang J, Liu D, Liu Y, Liu G, Wei S. Melatonin-induced physiology and transcriptome changes in banana seedlings under salt stress conditions. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:938262. [PMID: 36147243 PMCID: PMC9485729 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.938262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization poses a serious threat to the ecological environment and agricultural production and is one of the most common abiotic stresses in global agricultural production. As a salt-sensitive plant, the growth, development, and production of bananas (Musa acuminata L.) are restricted by salt stress. Melatonin is known to improve the resistance of plants to stress. The study analyzed the effects of 100 μM melatonin on physiological and transcriptome changes in banana varieties (AAA group cv. Cavendish) under 60 mmol/l of NaCl salt stress situation. The phenotypic results showed that the application of exogenous melatonin could maintain banana plants' health growth and alleviate the damage caused by salt stress. The physiological data show that the application of exogenous melatonin can enhance salt tolerance of banana seedlings by increasing the content of proline content and soluble protein, slowing down the degradation of chlorophyll, reducing membrane permeability and recovery of relative water content, increasing the accumulation of MDA, and enhancing antioxidant defense activity. Transcriptome sequencing showed that melatonin-induced salt tolerance of banana seedlings involved biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components. We also found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are involved in a variety of metabolic pathways, including amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism. These major metabolism and biosynthesis may be involved in the potential mechanism of melatonin under salt stress. Furthermore, some members of the transcription factor family, such as MYB, NAC, bHLH, and WRKY, might contribute to melatonin alleviating salt stress tolerance of the banana plant. The result laid a basis for further clarifying the salt stress resistance mechanism of bananas mediated by exogenous melatonin and provides theoretical bases to utilize melatonin to improve banana salt tolerance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Wei
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jinhao Liang
- Applied Science and Technology College, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Debing Liu
- Applied Science and Technology College, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Debing Liu,
| | - Yuewei Liu
- Applied Science and Technology College, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Guoyin Liu
- Forestry College, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Guoyin Liu,
| | - Shouxing Wei
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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Zhou J, Wang L, Xiao T, Wang Z, Mao Y, Ma Y. Physiological Responses and Proteomic Analysis on the Cold Stress Responses of Annual Pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) Branches. J CHEM-NY 2021; 2021:1-12. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/1416925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the physiological response of the annual branches of three varieties of pitaya (Xianmi, Fulong, and Zihonglong) in cold stress was investigated using a multivariate statistical method. Physiological change results showed that cold stress could decrease the moisture and chlorophyll contents, on the contrary, increase the relative electric conductivity, the contents of malonadehyde, soluble protein, soluble sugar, and free proline, and enhance the enzyme activities of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. Meanwhile, a comparative proteomic approach was also conducted to clarify the cold resistance-related proteins and pathways in annual pitaya branches. Proteomics results concluded that the cold tolerance of annual pitaya branches could be improved by modulating autophagy. Therefore, we hypothesized that an increased autophagy ability may be an important characteristic of the annual pitaya branches in response to cold stress conditions. Our results provide a good understanding of the physiological responses and molecular mechanisms of the annual pitaya branches in response to cold stress.
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Lee HY, Back K. 2-Hydroxymelatonin, Rather Than Melatonin, Is Responsible for RBOH-Dependent Reactive Oxygen Species Production Leading to Premature Senescence in Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111728. [PMID: 34829600 PMCID: PMC8614918 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike animals, plants amply convert melatonin into 2-hydroxymelatonin (2-OHM) and cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin (3-OHM) through the action of melatonin 2-hydroxylase (M2H) and melatonin 3-hydroxylase (M3H), respectively. Thus, the effects of exogenous melatonin treatment in plants may be caused by melatonin, 2-OHM, or 3-OHM, or some combination of these compounds. Indeed, studies of melatonin's effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production have reported conflicting results. In this study, we demonstrated that 2-OHM treatment induced ROS production, whereas melatonin did not. ROS production from 2-OHM treatment occurred in old arabidopsis leaves in darkness, consistent with an ethylene-mediated senescence mechanism. Transgenic tobacco plants containing overexpressed rice M2H exhibited dwarfism and leaf necrosis of the upper leaves and early senescence of the lower leaves. We also demonstrated that 2-OHM-mediated ROS production is respiratory burst NADPH oxidase (RBOH)-dependent and that 2-OHM-induced senescence genes require ethylene and the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway in arabidopsis. In contrast to melatonin, 2-OHM treatment induced senescence symptoms such as leaf chlorosis and increased ion leakage in arabidopsis. Senescence induction is known to begin with decreased levels of proteins involved in chloroplast maintenance, including Lhcb1 and ClpR1. Together, these results show that 2-OHM acts as a senescence-inducing factor by inducing ROS production in plants.
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Zhang R, Tan S, Zhang B, Hu P, Li L. Cerium-Promoted Ginsenosides Accumulation by Regulating Endogenous Methyl Jasmonate Biosynthesis in Hairy Roots of Panax ginseng. Molecules 2021; 26:5623. [PMID: 34577094 PMCID: PMC8467428 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among rare earth elements, cerium has the unique ability of regulating the growth of plant cells and the biosynthesis of metabolites at different stages of plant development. The signal pathways of Ce3+-mediated ginsenosides biosynthesis in ginseng hairy roots were investigated. At a low concentration, Ce3+ improved the elongation and biomass of hairy roots. The Ce3+-induced accumulation of ginsenosides showed a high correlation with the reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as the biosynthesis of endogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and ginsenoside key enzyme genes (PgSS, PgSE and PgDDS). At a Ce3+ concentration of 20 mg L-1, the total ginsenoside content was 1.7-fold, and the total ginsenosides yield was 2.7-fold that of the control. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the ROS production rate were significantly higher than those of the control. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly activated within the Ce3+ concentration range of 10 to 30 mg L-1. The activity of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) strengthened with the increasing concentration of Ce3+ in the range of 20-40 mg L-1. The Ce3+ exposure induced transient production of superoxide anion (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Together with the increase in the intracellular MeJA level and enzyme activity for lipoxygenase (LOX), there was an increase in the gene expression level of MeJA biosynthesis including PgLOX, PgAOS and PgJMT. Our results also revealed that Ce3+ did not directly influence PgSS, PgSE and PgDDS activity. We speculated that Ce3+-induced ROS production could enhance the accumulation of ginsenosides in ginseng hairy roots via the direct stimulation of enzyme genes for MeJA biosynthesis. This study demonstrates a potential approach for understanding and improving ginsenoside biosynthesis that is regulated by Ce3+-mediated signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhang
- Hunan Institute of Engineering, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China; (S.T.); (B.Z.); (P.H.); (L.L.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Shiquan Tan
- Hunan Institute of Engineering, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China; (S.T.); (B.Z.); (P.H.); (L.L.)
| | - Bianling Zhang
- Hunan Institute of Engineering, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China; (S.T.); (B.Z.); (P.H.); (L.L.)
| | - Pengcheng Hu
- Hunan Institute of Engineering, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China; (S.T.); (B.Z.); (P.H.); (L.L.)
| | - Ling Li
- Hunan Institute of Engineering, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China; (S.T.); (B.Z.); (P.H.); (L.L.)
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Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone that has many body functions and, for several decades, its antioxidant potential has been increasingly talked about. There is a relationship between failure in melatonin production in the pineal gland, an insufficient supply of this hormone to the body, and the occurrence of free radical etiology diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and others. Despite the development of molecular biology, numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, the exact mechanism of melatonin antioxidant activity is still unknown. Nowadays, the use of melatonin supplementation is more and more common, not only to prevent insomnia, but also to slow down the aging process and provide protection against diseases. The aim of this study is to get acquainted with current reports on melatonin, antioxidative mechanisms and their importance in diseases of free radical etiology.
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Kołodziejczyk I, Kaźmierczak A, Posmyk MM. Melatonin Application Modifies Antioxidant Defense and Induces Endoreplication in Maize Seeds Exposed to Chilling Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168628. [PMID: 34445334 PMCID: PMC8395332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to demonstrate the biostimulating effect of exogenous melatonin (MEL) applied to seeds via hydroconditioning. It was indicated that only well-chosen application technique and MEL dose guarantees success concerning seed germination and young seedlings growth under stress conditions. For maize seed, 50 μM of MEL appeared to be the optimal dose. It improved seed germination and embryonic axes growth especially during chilling stress (5 °C/14 days) and during regeneration after its subsided. Unfortunately, MEL overdosing lowered IAA level in dry seeds and could disrupt the ROS-dependent signal transduction pathways. Very effective antioxidant MEL action was confirmed by low level of protein oxidative damage and smaller quantity of lipid oxidation products in embryonic axes isolated from seeds pre-treated with MEL and then exposed to cold. The stimulatory effects of MEL on antioxidant enzymes: SOD, APX and GSH-PX and on GST-a detoxifying enzyme, was also demonstrated. It was indicated for the first time, that MEL induced defence strategies against stress at the cytological level, as appearing endoreplication in embryonic axes cells even in the seeds germinating under optimal conditions (preventive action), but very intensively in those germinating under chilling stress conditions (intervention action), and after stress removal, to improve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Kołodziejczyk
- Department of Plant Ecophisiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90237 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-635-44-22
| | - Andrzej Kaźmierczak
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata M. Posmyk
- Department of Plant Ecophisiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90237 Lodz, Poland;
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44
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Altaf MA, Shahid R, Ren MX, Mora-Poblete F, Arnao MB, Naz S, Anwar M, Altaf MM, Shahid S, Shakoor A, Sohail H, Ahmar S, Kamran M, Chen JT. Phytomelatonin: An overview of the importance and mediating functions of melatonin against environmental stresses. Physiol Plant 2021; 172:820-846. [PMID: 33159319 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, melatonin has gained significant importance in plant research. The presence of melatonin in the plant kingdom has been known since 1995. It is a molecule that is conserved in a wide array of evolutionary distant organisms. Its functions and characteristics have been found to be similar in both plants and animals. The review focuses on the role of melatonin pertaining to physiological functions in higher plants. Melatonin regulates physiological functions regarding auxin activity, root, shoot, and explant growth, activates germination of seeds, promotes rhizogenesis (growth of adventitious and lateral roots), and holds up impelled leaf senescence. Melatonin is a natural bio-stimulant that creates resistance in field crops against various abiotic stress, including heat, chemical pollutants, cold, drought, salinity, and harmful ultra-violet radiation. The full potential of melatonin in regulating physiological functions in higher plants still needs to be explored by further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rabia Shahid
- School of Economics, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ming-Xun Ren
- Center for Terrestrial Biodiversity of the South China Sea, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | | | - Marino B Arnao
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Safina Naz
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Anwar
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Sidra Shahid
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Awais Shakoor
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Hamza Sohail
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Sunny Ahmar
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jen-Tsung Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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da Motta KP, Lemos BB, Paltian JJ, Reis ASD, Blödorn GB, Alves D, Luchese C, Wilhelm EA. 7-Chloro-4-(phenylselanyl) quinoline reduces renal oxidative stress induced by oxaliplatin in mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:1102-1111. [PMID: 34015230 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The object of this study was to evaluate the relationship between oxidative damage induced by oxaliplatin (OXA) and the therapeutic potential of 7-chloro-4-(phenylselanyl) quinoline (4-PSQ) in kidney of mice. Mice received OXA (10 mg/kg) or vehicle intraperitoneally (days 0 and 2). Oral administration of 4-PSQ (1 mg/kg) or vehicle was performed on days 2 to 14. On day 15 the animals were euthanized and the kidneys and blood were collected. The effect of OXA and (or) 4-PSQ on urea, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, nonprotein thiol (NPSH), and protein carbonyl (PC) levels were investigated. Moreover, renal superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALA-D), and Na+,K+ ATPase activities were evaluated. Our findings revealed an increase on urea levels and significant renal oxidative damage in OXA-induced mice. OXA exposure increased SOD, GPx, and GST activities and caused a reduction on NPSH levels and CAT and GR activities. Na+,K+ ATPase and δ-ALA-D activities were reduced by OXA. 4-PSQ decreased plasmatic urea levels and renal oxidative damage. SOD, GPx, CAT, GR, and Na+,K+ ATPase activities were restored by 4-PSQ. 4-PSQ may be a good prototype for the treatment of OXA-induced renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketlyn P da Motta
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica - LaFarBio, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. Box 354 - 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Curso de Bacharelado em Química Forense, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Briana B Lemos
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica - LaFarBio, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. Box 354 - 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Curso de Bacharelado em Química Forense, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaini J Paltian
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica - LaFarBio, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. Box 354 - 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angélica S Dos Reis
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica - LaFarBio, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. Box 354 - 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo B Blödorn
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. Box 354 - 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Alves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. Box 354 - 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Luchese
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica - LaFarBio, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. Box 354 - 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ethel A Wilhelm
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica - LaFarBio, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. Box 354 - 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Curso de Bacharelado em Química Forense, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, P.O. CEP 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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46
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Li X, Ahammed GJ, Zhang XN, Zhang L, Yan P, Zhang LP, Fu JY, Han WY. Melatonin-mediated regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis and antioxidant defense confer tolerance to arsenic stress in Camellia sinensis L. J Hazard Mater 2021; 403:123922. [PMID: 33264973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic metalloid for both animals and plants. The signaling molecule melatonin can enhance abiotic stress tolerance, but the effects of As and melatonin on tea plants and the mechanisms of resilience remain unclear. Here we report that excess As causes severe oxidative stress in tea leaves as revealed by significantly reduced maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem-II, and increased reactive oxygen species accumulation and lipid peroxidation. However, exogenous melatonin application alleviated the As phytotoxicity and increased the anthocyanin content upto 69.4 % by selectively upregulating the expression of its biosynthetic genes such as CsCHS and CsANS. Comparison of As tolerance between two tea genotypes differing in basal levels of anthocyanin revealed that a tea cultivar with increased anthocyanin content, Zijuan (ZJ), showed enhanced tolerance to As stress compared with Longjing 43 (LJ43) that contained relatively low levels of anthocyanin. Interestingly, exogenous anthocyanin also enhanced As tolerance in LJ43, but exogenous melatonin did not improve As tolerance in ZJ genotype. Analysis of As content in tea leaves revealed that melatonin significantly reduced As content in LJ43 but not in ZJ, suggesting that melatonin-enhanced tolerance to As stress is largely dependent on the basal levels of anthocyanin in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China
| | - Xue-Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Peng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Jian-Yu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Wen-Yan Han
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China.
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47
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Chen Z, Lin S, Li J, Chen T, Gu Q, Yang T, Zhang Z. Theanine Improves Salt Stress Tolerance via Modulating Redox Homeostasis in Tea Plants ( Camellia sinensis L.). Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:770398. [PMID: 34721495 PMCID: PMC8554060 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.770398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Theanine, a unique non-proteinogenic amino acid, is one of the most abundant secondary metabolites in tea. Its content largely determines green tea quality and price. However, its physiological roles in tea plants remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that salt stress significantly increased the accumulation of glutamate, glutamine, alanine, proline, and γ-aminobutyric acid, as well as theanine, in the new shoots of tea plants. We further found that salt stress induced the expression of theanine biosynthetic genes, including CsGOGATs, CsAlaDC, and CsTSI, suggested that salt stress induced theanine biosynthesis. Importantly, applying theanine to the new shoots significantly enhanced the salt stress tolerance. Similar effects were also found in a model plant Arabidopsis. Notably, exogenous theanine application increased the antioxidant activity of the shoots under salt stress, suggested by reduced the reactive oxygen species accumulation and lipid peroxidation, as well as by the increased SOD, CAT, and APX activities and expression of the corresponding genes. Finally, genetic evidence supported that catalase-mediated antioxidant scavenging pathway is required for theanine-induced salt stress tolerance. Taken together, this study suggested that salt stress induces theanine biosynthesize in tea plants to enhance the salt stress tolerance through a CAT-dependent redox homeostasis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shijia Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Li
- Biotechnology Center, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Quan Gu
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, China
| | - Tianyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhaoliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaoliang Zhang,
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48
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Yao JW, Ma Z, Ma YQ, Zhu Y, Lei MQ, Hao CY, Chen LY, Xu ZQ, Huang X. Role of melatonin in UV-B signaling pathway and UV-B stress resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Environ 2021; 44:114-129. [PMID: 32860452 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) plays important roles in plant defences against a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses, including UV-B stress. Molecular mechanisms underlying functions of melatonin in plant UV-B responses are poorly understood. Here, we show that melatonin effect on molecular signalling pathways, physiological changes and UV-B stress resistance in Arabidopsis. Both exogenous and endogenous melatonin affected expression of UV-B signal transduction pathway genes. Experiments using UV-B signalling component mutants cop1-4 and hy5-215 revealed that melatonin not only acts as an antioxidant to promote UV-B stress resistance, but also regulates expression of several key components of UV-B signalling pathway, including ubiquitin-degrading enzyme (COP1), transcription factors (HY5, HYH) and RUP1/2. Our findings indicate that melatonin delays and subsequently enhances expression of COP1, HY5, HYH and RUP1/2, which act as central effectors in UV-B signalling pathway, thus regulating their effects on antioxidant systems to protect the plant from UV-B stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Yao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan-Qin Ma
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng-Qi Lei
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng-Ying Hao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li-Yu Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zi-Qin Xu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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49
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Back K. Melatonin metabolism, signaling and possible roles in plants. Plant J 2021; 105:376-391. [PMID: 32645752 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a multifunctional biomolecule found in both animals and plants. In this review, the biosynthesis, levels, signaling, and possible roles of melatonin and its metabolites in plants is summarized. Tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H), which catalyzes the conversion of tryptamine into serotonin, has been proposed as a target to create a melatonin knockout mutant presenting a lesion-mimic phenotype in rice. With a reduced anabolic capacity for melatonin biosynthesis and an increased catabolic capacity for melatonin metabolism, all plants generally maintain low melatonin levels. Some plants, including Arabidopsis and Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco), do not possess tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC), the first committed step enzyme required for melatonin biosynthesis. Major melatonin metabolites include cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin (3-OHM) and 2-hydroxymelatonin (2-OHM). Other melatonin metabolites such as N1 -acetyl-N2 -formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK), N-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK) and 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MT) are also produced when melatonin is applied to Oryza sativa (rice). The signaling pathways of melatonin and its metabolites act via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, possibly with Cand2 acting as a melatonin receptor, although the integrity of Cand2 remains controversial. Melatonin mediates many important functions in growth stimulation and stress tolerance through its potent antioxidant activity and function in activating the MAPK cascade. The concentration distribution of melatonin metabolites appears to be species specific because corresponding enzymes such as M2H, M3H, catalases, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and N-acetylserotonin deacetylase (ASDAC) are differentially expressed among plant species and even among different tissues within species. Differential levels of melatonin and its metabolites can lead to differential physiological effects among plants when melatonin is either applied exogenously or overproduced through ectopic overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungwhan Back
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
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50
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Yang N, Sun K, Wang X, Wang K, Kong X, Gao J, Wen D. Melatonin Participates in Selenium-Enhanced Cold Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:786043. [PMID: 35003171 PMCID: PMC8728364 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.786043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is an important and widespread plant hormone. However, the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms of melatonin as a secondary messenger in improving cold tolerance by selenium are limited. This study investigated the effects of selenite on the cold stress of cucumber seedlings. The results showed that exogenous application of selenite improved the cold tolerance of cucumber seedlings, which was dependent on the concentration effect. In the present experiment, 1 μM of selenite showed the best effect on alleviating cold stress. Interestingly, we found that in the process of alleviating cold stress, selenite increased the content of endogenous melatonin by regulating the expression of melatonin biosynthesis genes (TDC, T5H, SNAT, and COMT). To determine the interrelation between selenite and melatonin in alleviating cold stress, melatonin synthesis inhibitor p-chlorophenylalanine and melatonin were used for in-depth study. This study provides a theoretical basis for cucumber cultivation and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Huang-Huai-Hai Region Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Branch of National Improvement Center for Vegetables, Institute of Vegetables Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Kaining Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Huang-Huai-Hai Region Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Branch of National Improvement Center for Vegetables, Institute of Vegetables Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Huang-Huai-Hai Region Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Branch of National Improvement Center for Vegetables, Institute of Vegetables Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Kean Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Huang-Huai-Hai Region Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Branch of National Improvement Center for Vegetables, Institute of Vegetables Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xianghua Kong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Huang-Huai-Hai Region Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Branch of National Improvement Center for Vegetables, Institute of Vegetables Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jianwei Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Huang-Huai-Hai Region Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Branch of National Improvement Center for Vegetables, Institute of Vegetables Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Dan Wen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Huang-Huai-Hai Region Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Branch of National Improvement Center for Vegetables, Institute of Vegetables Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Wen ;
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