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Netherton CL, Shimmon GL, Hui JYK, Connell S, Reis AL. African Swine Fever Virus Host-Pathogen Interactions. Subcell Biochem 2023; 106:283-331. [PMID: 38159232 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-40086-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
African swine fever virus is a complex double-stranded DNA virus that exhibits tropism for cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system. Virus replication is a multi-step process that involves the nucleus of the host cell as well the formation of large perinuclear sites where progeny virions are assembled prior to transport to, and budding through, the plasma membrane. Like many viruses, African swine fever virus reorganises the cellular architecture to facilitate its replication and has evolved multiple mechanisms to avoid the potential deleterious effects of host cell stress response pathways. However, how viral proteins and virus-induced structures trigger cellular stress pathways and manipulate the subsequent responses is still relatively poorly understood. African swine fever virus alters nuclear substructures, modulates autophagy, apoptosis and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathways. The viral genome encodes for at least 150 genes, of which approximately 70 are incorporated into the virion. Many of the non-structural genes have not been fully characterised and likely play a role in host range and modifying immune responses. As the field moves towards approaches that take a broader view of the effect of expression of individual African swine fever genes, we summarise how the different steps in virus replication interact with the host cell and the current state of knowledge on how it modulates the resulting stress responses.
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Chen Y, Li R, Sun J, Li C, Xiao H, Chen S. Genome-Wide Population Structure and Selection Signatures of Yunling Goat Based on RAD-seq. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182401. [PMID: 36139261 PMCID: PMC9495202 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Goats are important domestic animals that provide meat, milk, fur, and other products for humans. The demand for these products has increased in recent years. Disease resistance among goat breeds is different, but the genetic basis of the differences in resistance to diseases is still unclear and needs to be further studied. In this study, many genes and pathways related to immunity and diseases were identified to be under positive selection between Yunling and Nubian goats using RAD-seq technology. This study on the selection signatures of Yunling goats provides the scientific basis and technical support for the breeding of domestic goats for disease resistance, which has important social and economic significance. Abstract Animal diseases impose a huge burden on the countries where diseases are endemic. Conventional control strategies of vaccines and veterinary drugs are to control diseases from a pharmaceutical perspective. Another alternative approach is using pre-existing genetic disease resistance or tolerance. We know that the Yunling goat is an excellent local breed from Yunnan, southwestern China, which has characteristics of strong disease resistance and remarkable adaptability. However, genetic information about the selection signatures of Yunling goats is limited. We reasoned that the genes underlying the observed difference in disease resistance might be identified by investigating selection signatures between two different goat breeds. Herein, we selected the Nubian goat as the reference group to perform the population structure and selection signature analysis by using RAD-seq technology. The results showed that two goat breeds were divided into two clusters, but there also existed gene flow. We used Fst (F-statistics) and π (pi/θπ) methods to carry out selection signature analysis. Eight selected regions and 91 candidate genes were identified, in which some genes such as DOK2, TIMM17A, MAVS, and DOCK8 related to disease and immunity and some genes such as SPEFI, CDC25B, and MIR103 were associated with reproduction. Four GO (Gene Ontology) terms (GO:0010591, GO:001601, GO:0038023, and GO:0017166) were associated with cell migration, signal transduction, and immune responses. The KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) signaling pathways were mainly associated with immune responses, inflammatory responses, and stress reactions. This study preliminarily revealed the genetic basis of strong disease resistance and adaptability of Yunling goats. It provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent genetic breeding of disease resistance of goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Chen
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (C.L.); (H.X.)
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China;
| | - Rong Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (C.L.); (H.X.)
- College of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jianshu Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China;
| | - Chunqing Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (C.L.); (H.X.)
| | - Heng Xiao
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (C.L.); (H.X.)
| | - Shanyuan Chen
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (C.L.); (H.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18687122260
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Snider DL, Park M, Murphy KA, Beachboard DC, Horner SM. Signaling from the RNA sensor RIG-I is regulated by ufmylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2119531119. [PMID: 35394863 PMCID: PMC9169834 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119531119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein RIG-I is a key initiator of the antiviral innate immune response. The signaling that mediates the antiviral response downstream of RIG-I is transduced through the adaptor protein MAVS and results in the induction of type I and III interferons (IFNs). This signal transduction occurs at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–mitochondrial contact sites, to which RIG-I and other signaling proteins are recruited following their activation. RIG-I signaling is highly regulated to prevent aberrant activation of this pathway and dysregulated induction of IFN. Previously, we identified UFL1, the E3 ligase of the ubiquitin-like modifier conjugation system called ufmylation, as one of the proteins recruited to membranes at ER–mitochondrial contact sites in response to RIG-I activation. Here, we show that UFL1, as well as the process of ufmylation, promote IFN induction in response to RIG-I activation. We found that following RNA virus infection, UFL1 is recruited to the membrane-targeting protein 14–3-3ε and that this complex is then recruited to activated RIG-I to promote downstream innate immune signaling. Importantly, we found that 14–3-3ε has an increase in UFM1 conjugation following RIG-I activation. Additionally, loss of cellular ufmylation prevents the interaction of 14–3-3ε with RIG-I, which abrogates the interaction of RIG-I with MAVS and thus the downstream signal transduction that induces IFN. Our results define ufmylation as an integral regulatory component of the RIG-I signaling pathway and as a posttranslational control for IFN induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daltry L. Snider
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Moonhee Park
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Kristen A. Murphy
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Dia C. Beachboard
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Stacy M. Horner
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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Abstract
Cholesterol has gained tremendous attention as an essential lipid in the life cycle of virtually all viruses. These seem to have developed manifold strategies to modulate the cholesterol metabolism to the side of lipid uptake and de novo synthesis. In turn, affecting the cholesterol homeostasis has emerged as novel broad-spectrum antiviral strategy. On the other hand, the innate immune system is similarly regulated by the lipid and stimulated by its derivatives. This certainly requires attention in the design of antiviral strategies aiming to decrease cellular cholesterol, as evidence accumulates that withdrawal of cholesterol hampers innate immunity. Secondly, there are exceptions to the rule of the abovementioned virus-induced metabolic shift toward cholesterol anabolism. It therefore is of interest to dissect underlying regulatory mechanisms, which we aimed for in this minireview. We further collected evidence for intracellular cholesterol concentrations being less important in viral life cycles as compared to the spatial distribution of the lipid. Various routes of cholesterol trafficking were found to be hijacked in viral infections with respect to organelle-endosome contact sites mediating cholesterol shuttling. Thus, re-distribution of cellular cholesterol in the context of viral infections requires more attention in ongoing research. As a final aim, a pan-antiviral treatment could be found just within the transport and re-adjustment of local cholesterol concentrations. Thus, we aimed to emphasize the importance of the regulatory roles the endosomal system fulfils herein and hope to stimulate research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eberhard Hildt
- Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Langen, Germany
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5
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Zamorano Cuervo N, Fortin A, Caron E, Chartier S, Grandvaux N. Pinpointing cysteine oxidation sites by high-resolution proteomics reveals a mechanism of redox-dependent inhibition of human STING. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/680/eaaw4673. [PMID: 33906974 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaw4673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein function is regulated by posttranslational modifications (PTMs), among which reversible oxidation of cysteine residues has emerged as a key regulatory mechanism of cellular responses. Given the redox regulation of virus-host interactions, the identification of oxidized cysteine sites in cells is essential to understand the underlying mechanisms involved. Here, we present a proteome-wide identification of reversibly oxidized cysteine sites in oxidant-treated cells using a maleimide-based bioswitch method coupled to mass spectrometry analysis. We identified 2720 unique oxidized cysteine sites within 1473 proteins with distinct abundances, locations, and functions. Oxidized cysteine sites were found in numerous signaling pathways, many relevant to virus-host interactions. We focused on the oxidation of STING, the central adaptor of the innate immune type I interferon pathway, which is stimulated in response to the detection of cytosolic DNA by cGAS. We demonstrated the reversible oxidation of Cys148 and Cys206 of STING in cells. Molecular analyses led us to establish a model in which Cys148 oxidation is constitutive, whereas Cys206 oxidation is inducible by oxidative stress or by the natural ligand of STING, 2'3'-cGAMP. Our data suggest that the oxidation of Cys206 prevented hyperactivation of STING by causing a conformational change associated with the formation of inactive polymers containing intermolecular disulfide bonds. This finding should aid the design of therapies targeting STING that are relevant to autoinflammatory disorders, immunotherapies, and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zamorano Cuervo
- CRCHUM-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint Denis, Montréal, H2X 0A9 Québec, Canada
| | - Audray Fortin
- CRCHUM-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint Denis, Montréal, H2X 0A9 Québec, Canada
| | - Elise Caron
- CRCHUM-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint Denis, Montréal, H2X 0A9 Québec, Canada
| | - Stéfany Chartier
- CRCHUM-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint Denis, Montréal, H2X 0A9 Québec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Grandvaux
- CRCHUM-Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint Denis, Montréal, H2X 0A9 Québec, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada
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Huang S, Li Z, Wu Z, Liu C, Yu M, Wen M, Zhang L, Wang X. DDAH2 suppresses RLR-MAVS-mediated innate antiviral immunity by stimulating nitric oxide-activated, Drp1-induced mitochondrial fission. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/678/eabc7931. [PMID: 33850055 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abc7931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway is pivotal for innate immunity against invading viruses, and dysregulation of this molecular cascade has been linked to various diseases. Here, we identified dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 (DDAH2) as a potent regulator of the RLR-mediated antiviral response in human and mouse. Overexpression of DDAH2 attenuated RLR signaling, whereas loss of DDAH2 function enhanced RLR signaling and suppressed viral replication ex vivo and in mice. Upon viral infection, DDAH2 relocated to mitochondria, where it induced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the activation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), which promoted mitochondrial fission and blocked the activation of innate immune responses mediated by mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS). TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), a kinase downstream of MAVS, inhibited DDAH2 by phosphorylating DDAH2 at multiple sites. Our study thus identifies a reciprocal inhibitory loop between the DDAH2-NO cascade and the RLR signaling pathway that fine-tunes the antiviral immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory for Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zexing Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zewen Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory for Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 30032, Shanxi, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory for Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Minghang Yu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory for Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Mingjie Wen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory for Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 30032, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory for Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. .,Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 30032, Shanxi, China
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7
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Li S, Kuang M, Chen L, Li Y, Liu S, Du H, Cao L, You F. The mitochondrial protein ERAL1 suppresses RNA virus infection by facilitating RIG-I-like receptor signaling. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108631. [PMID: 33472079 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria not only serve as a platform for innate immune signaling transduction but also enhance immune responses by releasing mitochondrial DNA and RNA into the cytoplasm. However, whether mitochondrial matrix proteins could be liberated and involved in immune responses remains enigmatic. Here, we identify the mitochondrial protein ERA G-protein-like 1 (ERAL1) as a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS)-interacting protein by using proximity-based labeling technology. ERAL1 deficiency markedly reduces the downstream antiviral signaling triggered by RNA viruses. Moreover, ERAL1-deficient mice are more susceptible to lethality following RNA virus infection than wild-type mice. After virus infection, ERAL1 is released from mitochondria through the BAX/BAK pore. The cytosolic ERAL1 facilitates lysine 63 (K63)-linked ubiquitination of retinoicacid inducible gene-1 (RIG-I)/melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) and promotes downstream MAVS polymerization, thus positively regulating antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siji Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming Kuang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Luoying Chen
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shengde Liu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongqiang Du
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lili Cao
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Fuping You
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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8
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Cheung PHH, Lee TWT, Kew C, Chen H, Yuen KY, Chan CP, Jin DY. Virus subtype-specific suppression of MAVS aggregation and activation by PB1-F2 protein of influenza A (H7N9) virus. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008611. [PMID: 32511263 PMCID: PMC7302872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) and (H7N9) viruses causes severe respiratory diseases. PB1-F2 protein is a critical virulence factor that suppresses early type I interferon response, but the mechanism of its action in relation to high pathogenicity is not well understood. Here we show that PB1-F2 protein of H7N9 virus is a particularly potent suppressor of antiviral signaling through formation of protein aggregates on mitochondria and inhibition of TRIM31-MAVS interaction, leading to prevention of K63-polyubiquitination and aggregation of MAVS. Unaggregated MAVS accumulated on fragmented mitochondria is prone to degradation by both proteasomal and lysosomal pathways. These properties are proprietary to PB1-F2 of H7N9 virus but not shared by its counterpart in WSN virus. A recombinant virus deficient of PB1-F2 of H7N9 induces more interferon β in infected cells. Our findings reveal a subtype-specific mechanism for destabilization of MAVS and suppression of interferon response by PB1-F2 of H7N9 virus. Exactly why avian influenza A (H5N1) and (H7N9) viruses cause severe diseases in humans remains unclear. PB1-F2 protein encoded by influenza A virus is one virulence factor that might make a difference. In this study we show that PB1-F2 protein of H7N9 virus is particularly strong in the suppression of host antiviral defense. This was achieved by inhibiting a key protein in cell signaling named MAVS. PB1-F2 directs MAVS for degradation and prevents MAVS from forming protein aggregates required for full activation. A recombinant virus in which PB1-F2 of H7N9 has been deleted can activate host antiviral response robustly. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which PB1-F2 protein of H7N9 virus prevents MAVS aggregation and promotes MAVS degradation, leading to the suppression of host antiviral defense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chun Kew
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Honglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Ping Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- * E-mail: (CPC); (DYJ)
| | - Dong-Yan Jin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- * E-mail: (CPC); (DYJ)
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Marcos-Villar L, Nistal-Villan E, Zamarreño N, Garaigorta U, Gastaminza P, Nieto A. Interferon- Stimulation Elicited by the Influenza Virus Is Regulated by the Histone Methylase Dot1L through the RIG-I-TRIM25 Signaling Axis. Cells 2020; 9:E732. [PMID: 32188146 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus infection increases the methylation of lysine 79 of histone 3 catalyzed by the Dot1L enzyme. The role of Dot1L against infections was highlighted by an increase of influenza A and vesicular stomatitis virus replication in Dot1L-inhibited cells mediated by a decreased antiviral response. Interferon-beta (IFN-β) reporter assays indicate that Dot1L is involved in the control of retinoic acid-inducible geneI protein (RIG-I) signaling. Accordingly, Dot1L inhibition decreases the IFN-β promoter stimulation and RIG-I- mitochondria-associated viral sensor (RIG-I-MAVS) association upon viral infection. Replication of an influenza A virus lacking NS1 (delNS1), incapable of counteracting the antiviral response, is not affected by Dot1L inhibition. Consequently, RIG-I-MAVS association and nuclear factor-B (NF-κ nuclear translocation, are not affected by the Dot1L inhibition in delNS1 infected cells. Restoration of NS1 expression in trans also reinstated Dot1L as a regulator of the RIG-I-dependent signaling in delNS1 infections. Interferon-inducible E3 ligase tripartite motif-containing protein 25 (TRIM25) expression increases in influenza virus infected cells, but Dot1L inhibition reduces both the TRIM25 expression and TRIM25 protein levels. TRIM25 overexpression reverses the defective innate response mediated by Dot1L inhibition elicited upon virus infection or by overexpression of RIG-I signaling intermediates. Thus, TRIM25 is a control point of the RIG-I recognition pathway controlled by Dot1L and may have a general role in RNA viruses recognized by the RIG-I sensor.
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Xu P, Liu P, Zhou C, Shi Y, Wu Q, Yang Y, Li G, Hu G, Guo X. A Multi-Omics Study of Chicken Infected by Nephropathogenic Infectious Bronchitis Virus. Viruses 2019; 11:v11111070. [PMID: 31744152 PMCID: PMC6893681 DOI: 10.3390/v11111070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken gout resulting from nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (NIBV) has become a serious kidney disease problem in chicken worldwide with alterations of the metabolic phenotypes in multiple metabolic pathways. To investigate the mechanisms in chicken responding to NIBV infection, we examined the global transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of the chicken’s kidney using RNA-seq and GC–TOF/MS, respectively. Furthermore, we analyzed the alterations in cecal microorganism composition in chickens using 16S rRNA-seq. Integrated analysis of these three phenotypic datasets further managed to create correlations between the altered kidney transcriptomes and metabolome, and between kidney metabolome and gut microbiome. We found that 2868 genes and 160 metabolites were deferentially expressed or accumulated in the kidney during NIBV infection processes. These genes and metabolites were linked to NIBV-infection related processes, including immune response, signal transduction, peroxisome, purine, and amino acid metabolism. In addition, the comprehensive correlations between the kidney metabolome and cecal microbial community showed contributions of gut microbiota in the progression of NIBV-infection. Taken together, our research comprehensively describes the host responses during NIBV infection and provides new clues for further dissection of specific gene functions, metabolite affections, and the role of gut microbiota during chicken gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puzhi Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.X.); (P.L.); (C.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.)
| | - Ping Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.X.); (P.L.); (C.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.)
| | - Changming Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.X.); (P.L.); (C.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.)
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
| | - Qingpeng Wu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.X.); (P.L.); (C.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.)
| | - Yitian Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.X.); (P.L.); (C.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.)
| | - Guyue Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.X.); (P.L.); (C.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.)
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.X.); (P.L.); (C.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (P.X.); (P.L.); (C.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (X.G.)
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11
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Hwang MS, Boulanger J, Howe JD, Albecka A, Pasche M, Mureşan L, Modis Y. MAVS polymers smaller than 80 nm induce mitochondrial membrane remodeling and interferon signaling. FEBS J 2019; 286:1543-1560. [PMID: 30715798 PMCID: PMC6513760 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a potent proinflammatory signature of viral infection and is sensed primarily by RIG‐I‐like receptors (RLRs). Oligomerization of RLRs following binding to cytosolic dsRNA activates and nucleates self‐assembly of the mitochondrial antiviral‐signaling protein (MAVS). In the current signaling model, the caspase recruitment domains of MAVS form helical fibrils that self‐propagate like prions to promote signaling complex assembly. However, there is no conclusive evidence that MAVS forms fibrils in cells or with the transmembrane anchor present. We show here with super‐resolution light microscopy that MAVS activation by dsRNA induces mitochondrial membrane remodeling. Quantitative image analysis at imaging resolutions as high as 32 nm shows that in the cellular context, MAVS signaling complexes and the fibrils within them are smaller than 80 nm. The transmembrane domain of MAVS is required for its membrane remodeling, interferon signaling, and proapoptotic activities. We conclude that membrane tethering of MAVS restrains its polymerization and contributes to mitochondrial remodeling and apoptosis upon dsRNA sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shih Hwang
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, UK
| | | | | | - Anna Albecka
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, UK
| | | | - Leila Mureşan
- Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, UK.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Yorgo Modis
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, UK
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