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Koemel NA, Laouali N, Senior AM, Celermajer DS, Grech A, Solon-Biet SM, Simpson SJ, Raubenheimer D, Gill TP, Skilton MR. The Relationship between Dietary Macronutrient Composition and Telomere Length Among US Adults. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300619. [PMID: 38229191 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The role of dietary macronutrients and energy intake in the aging process has been well-established. However, previous research has mainly focused on the association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and individual macronutrients, while the effects of macronutrient composition on LTL remain unclear. This cross-sectional analysis involved 4130 US adults (44.8 ± 17.0 years; 51% female) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 1999-2002. A single 24-h dietary recall is used to collect dietary data. The relationship between dietary macronutrient composition and LTL is examined using three-dimensional generalized additive models. After adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, education, physical activity, BMI, and dietary quality, a three-dimensional association of macronutrient composition with LTL (P = 0.02) is revealed. Diets lower in protein (5-10%), higher in carbohydrates (75%), and lower in fat (15-20%) are associated with the longest LTL corresponding to 7.7 years of slower biological aging. Diets lowest in protein (5%) and carbohydrate (40%), while highest in dietary fat (55%) are associated with the shortest LTL, corresponding to accelerated biological aging of 4.4 years. The associations appeared magnified with higher energy intake. These findings support a complex relationship between dietary macronutrients and biological aging independent of diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Koemel
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
| | - Nasser Laouali
- Université Paris-Saclay, CESP UMR1018, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Paris, 94805, France
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alistair M Senior
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
| | - David S Celermajer
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
| | - Amanda Grech
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
| | - Samantha M Solon-Biet
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
| | - Timothy P Gill
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
- Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
| | - Michael R Skilton
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
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Hastings WJ, Ye Q, Wolf SE, Ryan CP, Das SK, Huffman KM, Kobor MS, Kraus WE, MacIsaac JL, Martin CK, Racette SB, Redman LM, Belsky DW, Shalev I. Effect of long-term caloric restriction on telomere length in healthy adults: CALERIE™ 2 trial analysis. Aging Cell 2024:e14149. [PMID: 38504468 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) modifies lifespan and aging biology in animal models. The Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE™) 2 trial tested translation of these findings to humans. CALERIE™ randomized healthy, nonobese men and premenopausal women (age 21-50y; BMI 22.0-27.9 kg/m2 ), to 25% CR or ad-libitum (AL) control (2:1) for 2 years. Prior analyses of CALERIE™ participants' blood chemistries, immunology, and epigenetic data suggest the 2-year CR intervention slowed biological aging. Here, we extend these analyses to test effects of CR on telomere length (TL) attrition. TL was quantified in blood samples collected at baseline, 12-, and 24-months by quantitative PCR (absolute TL; aTL) and a published DNA-methylation algorithm (DNAmTL). Intent-to-treat analysis found no significant differences in TL attrition across the first year, although there were trends toward increased attrition in the CR group for both aTL and DNAmTL measurements. When accounting for adherence heterogeneity with an Effect-of-Treatment-on-the-Treated analysis, greater CR dose was associated with increased DNAmTL attrition during the baseline to 12-month weight-loss period. By contrast, both CR group status and increased CR were associated with reduced aTL attrition over the month 12 to month 24 weight maintenance period. No differences were observed when considering TL change across the study duration from baseline to 24-months, leaving it unclear whether CR-related effects reflect long-term detriments to telomere fidelity, a hormesis-like adaptation to decreased energy availability, or measurement error and insufficient statistical power. Unraveling these trends will be a focus of future CALERIE™ analyses and trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waylon J Hastings
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Qiaofeng Ye
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah E Wolf
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
- Institute for Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Calen P Ryan
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sai Krupa Das
- Jean Mayer, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kim M Huffman
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - William E Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Corby K Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Susan B Racette
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Leanne M Redman
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Daniel W Belsky
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Idan Shalev
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
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Gómez‐Blanco D, Tobler M, Hasselquist D. Why and when should organisms elongate their telomeres? Elaborations on the 'excess resources elongation' and 'last resort elongation' hypotheses. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10825. [PMID: 38099139 PMCID: PMC10719541 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere length and telomere shortening are thought to be critical cellular attributes and processes that are related to an individual's life span and fitness. The general pattern across most taxa is that after birth telomere length gradually decreases with age. Telomere protection and restoration mechanisms are usually assumed to reduce the rate of shortening or at most keep telomere length constant. However, here we have compiled a list of 26 articles showing that there is an increasing number of studies reporting apparent elongation of telomeres (i.e., a net increase in TL from timet to timet+1) often in a considerable proportion of the individuals studied. Moreover, the few studies which have studied telomere elongation in detail show that increases in telomere length are unlikely to be due to measurement error alone. In this article, we argue that episodes of telomere elongation deserve more attention as they could reflect individual strategies to optimise life histories and maximise fitness, which may not be reflected in the overall telomere dynamics patterns. We propose that patterns of telomere (net) elongation may be partly determined by other factors than those causing telomere shortening, and therefore deserve analyses specifically targeted to investigate the occurrence of telomere elongation. We elaborate on two ecological hypotheses that have been proposed to explain patterns of telomere elongation (the 'excess resources elongation' and the 'last resort elongation' hypothesis) and we discuss the current evidence for (or against) these hypotheses and propose ways to test them.
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Marti A, Fernández de la Puente M, Canudas S, Zalba G, Razquin C, Valle-Hita C, Fitó M, Martínez-González MÁ, García-Calzón S, Salas-Salvadó J. Effect of a 3-year lifestyle intervention on telomere length in participants from PREDIMED-Plus: A randomized trial. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:1581-1587. [PMID: 37478811 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Short telomeres have been observed in chronic disease patients. Identifying environmental and lifestyle factors that could reduce telomere attrition is crucial for disease prevention. The aim of this work was to determine whether weight-loss induced by an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet (erMedDiet) and physical activity (PA) could modify telomere length (TL). METHODS In 317 randomized non-smoker participants (mean age, 65.8 ± 4.98 years) with metabolic syndrome from two "Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea-Plus" (PREDIMED-Plus) trial centers, we evaluated MedDiet adherence, PA, anthropometric variables and TL at baseline and after a 3-year intervention using an intensive lifestyle program (IG) with an erMedDiet and PA or an unrestricted MedDiet without PA promotion (CG). RESULTS Participants in the IG displayed greater 3-year weight reductions (-3.7 ± 4 kg, P < 0.001) compared to those in the CG. No differences in TL changes between groups were observed in the cohort as a whole. However, an interaction was observed between the intervention group and sex for TL changes (pinteraction = 0.039). Women in the IG showed an increase in TL after 3-y (+0.25 ± 0.9, relative units) compared to women in the CG (-0.07 ± 1.0) (pANCOVA = 0.036), whereas no differences between groups were observed in men. Women in the IG had a lower risk of telomere shortening after the intervention (OR = 0.17, 95%CI: 0.05-0.64, p = 0.008) compared to women in the CG. CONCLUSIONS A 3-year lifestyle intervention based on an erMedDiet and PA slowed telomere shortening in women but not in men. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN, ISRCTN89898870. Registered 24 July 2014- Retrospectively registered, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Marti
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Center for Nutrition and Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - María Fernández de la Puente
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Silvia Canudas
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona, INSA-UB Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Zalba
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquin
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Valle-Hita
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Montse Fitó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital Del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sonia García-Calzón
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Center for Nutrition and Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Epigenetic and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Center, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
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Ye Q, Apsley AT, Etzel L, Hastings WJ, Kozlosky JT, Walker C, Wolf SE, Shalev I. Telomere length and chronological age across the human lifespan: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 414 study samples including 743,019 individuals. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102031. [PMID: 37567392 PMCID: PMC10529491 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Telomere attrition is a proposed hallmark of aging. To evaluate the association of telomere length (TL) with chronological age across the human lifespan, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 414 study samples comprising 743,019 individuals aged 0-112 years. We examined both cross-sectional and longitudinal data, and evaluated the impact of various biological and methodological factors including sex, health status, tissue types, DNA extraction procedures, and TL measurement methods. The pooled corrected correlation between TL and age from cross-sectional samples was -0.19 (95%CI: -0.22 to -0.15), which weakened with increased chronological age (β = 0.003, p < 0.001). Z-score change rates of TL across the lifespan showed a gradual decrease in shortening rate until around age 50 and remained at a relatively stable rate towards the elderly period. A greater attrition rate was observed in longitudinal than cross-sectional evaluations. For TL measured in base pairs, the median change rate of TL was -23 bp/year in cross-sectional samples and -38 bp/year in longitudinal samples. Methodological factors including TL measurement methods and tissue types impacted the TL-age correlation, while sex or disease status did not. This meta-analysis revealed the non-linear shortening trend of TL across the human lifespan and provides a reference value for future studies. Results also highlight the importance of methodological considerations when using TL as an aging biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaofeng Ye
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Abner T Apsley
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Biological Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Laura Etzel
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Waylon J Hastings
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tulane University School of Medicine, LA 70112, USA.
| | - John T Kozlosky
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Cade Walker
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Sarah E Wolf
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Idan Shalev
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Xing B, Yu J, Liu Y, He S, Chen X, Li Z, He L, Yang N, Ping F, Xu L, Li W, Zhang H, Li Y. High Dietary Zinc Intake Is Associated with Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length, Mediated by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α: A Study of China Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:904-910. [PMID: 37960914 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diet can influence peripheral leukocyte telomere length (LTL), and various micronutrients have been reported to correlate with it. Zinc is known for its antioxidant properties and immunomodulatory effects. However, there are few epidemiological investigations on the relationship between dietary zinc intake and LTL. This study analyzed the association between dietary zinc and LTL and the potential role of inflammation and oxidative stress among them. DESIGN Cross-sectional and community-based study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS 599 participants from rural communities in the Changping suburb of Beijing, China, were recruited. MEASUREMENTS Serum lipid profile, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), oxidative stress marker, and inflammatory cytokines levels were measured. Detailed dietary data were obtained using a 24 h food recall. LTL was assessed using a real-time PCR assay. Spearman analysis, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and general linear regression models were used to determine the association between dietary zinc intake and LTL. Simple regulatory models were also applied to analyze the role of inflammation and oxidative stress among them. RESULTS A total of 482 subjects were ultimately included in this analysis. Spearman analysis showed that dietary zinc intake and zinc intake under energy density were negatively correlated with LTL (r=-0.142 and -0.126, all P <0.05) and positively correlated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (r=0.138 and 0.202, all P <0.05) while only dietary zinc without energy adjustment had a positive correlation with superoxide dismutase (SOD). RCS (P for non-linearity=0.933) and multiple linear regression (B=-0.084, P=0.009) indicated a negative linear association between dietary zinc and LTL. The adjustment of TNF-α rather than SOD could abolish the relationship. The mediation model suggested that the unfavorable effect of dietary zinc on LTL was mediated by TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS High dietary zinc may correlate with telomere attrition, and TNF-α can act as a mediator in this relationship. In the future, more extensive cohort studies are needed to further explore the relationship between dietary zinc and cellular aging and the specific mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Xing
- Wei Li, Huabing Zhang, Yuxiu Li, Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Translation Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, Wei Li, ; Huabing Zhang, ; Yuxiu Li,
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Seo B, Yang K, Kahe K, Qureshi AA, Chan AT, De Vivo I, Cho E, Giovannucci EL, Nan H. Association of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake with leukocyte telomere length in US males. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:1759-1766. [PMID: 36130216 PMCID: PMC9761772 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids may contribute to oxidative stress and inflammation, which are related to telomere shortening. Evidence supporting an association between intake of n-3 or n-6 fatty acids and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in males has been limited. OBJECTIVES We conducted a cross-sectional study to examine the associations of total or individual n-3 or total n-6 fatty acid intake with LTL in US males. METHODS We included 2,494 US males with LTL measurement from 4 nested case-control studies within the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. Individuals with previous histories of cancers, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases at or before blood collection were excluded. Blood collection was performed between 1993 and 1995, and relevant information including n-3 and n-6 intake was collected in 1994 by questionnaire. The LTL was log-transformed and Z scores of the LTL were calculated for statistical analyses by standardizing the LTL in comparison with the mean within each selected nested case-control study. RESULTS We found that consumption of DHA (22:6n-3) was positively associated with LTL. In the multivariable-adjusted model, compared with individuals who had the lowest intake of DHA (i.e., first quartile group), the percentage differences (95% CIs) of LTL were -3.7 (-13.7, 7.5), 7.0 (-4.3, 19.7), and 8.2 (-3.5, 21.3) for individuals in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of consumption, respectively (P-trend = 0.0498). We did not find significant associations between total n-3 or total n-6 fatty acid intakes and LTL. In addition, we found that males who consumed canned tuna had longer LTL than those who did not; in the multivariable-adjusted model, the percentage difference of LTL was 10.5 (95% CI: 1.3, 20.4) (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that higher intakes of DHA and canned tuna consumption are associated with longer LTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojung Seo
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Keming Yang
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ka Kahe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abrar A Qureshi
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eunyoung Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hongmei Nan
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Global Health, Richard M Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Shi H, Li X, Yu H, Shi W, Lin Y, Zhou Y. Potential effect of dietary zinc intake on telomere length: A cross-sectional study of US adults. Front Nutr 2022; 9:993425. [PMID: 36466397 PMCID: PMC9709254 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.993425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length, which is related to chronic diseases and premature mortality, is influenced by dietary factors. Zinc is known as a dietary antioxidant micronutrient, however, its impact on telomere length remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the potential effect of dietary zinc intake on telomere length among middle-aged and older individuals in the US. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our study included 3,793 US participants aged 45 years and older from the 1999 to 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). 24-h dietary recall interviews were employed to evaluate zinc consumption. Leukocyte telomere length was assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). We adopted generalized linear models to investigate the effect of dietary zinc intake on telomere length, and subgroup analyses were further applied. We further evaluated the dose-response relationship using restricted cubic spline analysis. RESULTS Among the 3,793 participants, the average telomere length was 0.926 ± 0.205 (T/S ratio) or 5509.5 ± 494.9 (bp). After adjusting for major confounders, every 5 mg increment in dietary zinc consumption was related to 0.64% (95% CI: 0.17%, 1.10%) longer telomere length. In the subgroup analyses, significant relationships were found in females (Percentage change: 1.11%; 95% CI: 0.48%, 1.75%), obese (Percentage change: 0.88%; 95% CI: 0.26%, 1.50%), and low energy intake individuals (Percentage change: 0.99%; 95% CI: 0.51%, 1.46%). Additionally, we revealed a positive linear relationship between dietary zinc intake and telomere length (P for non-linearity = 0.636). CONCLUSION Our study revealed that elevated dietary zinc intake was significantly related to longer telomere length among adults aged 45 years and older in the US. And the association was more pronounced in females, obese, and low energy intake individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanchen Shi
- School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Li
- School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haihong Yu
- School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanting Shi
- School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yue Lin
- School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yunping Zhou
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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9
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Seibt K, Ghaffari M, Scheu T, Koch C, Sauerwein H. Effects of different feeding levels during a 14-week preweaning phase in dairy heifer calves on telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number in blood. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:8509-8522. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-21891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Chen SS, Liao XM, Wei QZ, Zhou YY, Su MY, Hu Y, Song YY, Zhang ZQ, Liang JJ. Associations of the Gut Microbiota Composition and Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids with Leukocyte Telomere Length in Children Aged 6 to 9 Years in Guangzhou, China: A Cross-sectional Study. J Nutr 2022; 152:1549-1559. [PMID: 35278080 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length (TL) serves as a marker of cellular senescence and appears to plateau between the age of 4 y and young adulthood, after which the gut microbiota are supposed to be established. However, scarce data are available regarding the correlation between gut microbiota composition and TL in the pediatric population. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate whether the gut microbiota and the concentrations of SCFAs in feces are associated with leukocyte TL in children. METHODS In total, 401 children aged 6-9 y from Guangzhou were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. qPCR was used to determine relative TL in peripheral blood leukocytes. The gut microbiota was characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing and the fecal concentrations of total SCFAs and SCFA subtypes were determined using HPLC. The multivariate methods with an unbiased variable selection (MUVR) algorithm and partial least square models were used to select predictable operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Further correlation analyses were performed based on multiple linear regression models with adjustment for covariates and false discovery rate. RESULTS With the use of MUVR, 35 relevant and minimal optimal OTUs were finally selected. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the abundance of several OTUs, including OTU334 (belonging to the genus Family XIII AD3011 group), OTU726 (belonging to the species Lachnoclostridium phocaeense), OTU1441 (belonging to the genus Ruminococcus torques group), OTU2553 (belonging to the genus Lachnospiraceae UCG-010), and OTU3375 (belonging to the family Lachnospiraceae), was negatively associated with leukocyte TL (β: -0.187 to -0.142; false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected P value (PFDR) = 0.009-0.035]. However, neither SCFA subtype nor total SCFA content in feces exhibited significant associations with TL (β: -0.032 to 0.048; PFDR = 0.915-0.969). CONCLUSIONS The gut microbiota, but not fecal SCFA concentration, was significantly associated with TL in this pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Mei Liao
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin-Zhi Wei
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Yu Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Yang Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Child Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yan Song
- Department of Child Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe-Qing Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Liang
- Department of Child Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Hu L, Bai Y, Hu G, Zhang Y, Han X, Li J. Association of Dietary Magnesium Intake With Leukocyte Telomere Length in United States Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults. Front Nutr 2022; 9:840804. [PMID: 35662923 PMCID: PMC9161353 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.840804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AimMagnesium supplementation may extend the life span; however, the biological mechanism is still unknown. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a marker of cell aging and biological health in humans. Data concerning whether magnesium supplementation can maintain telomere length, thus prolonging life are limited. We aimed to investigate the association between dietary magnesium intake and LTL in United States middle-aged and elderly adults.MethodsA total of 4,039 United States adults aged ≥ 45 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2002). Dietary magnesium intake was collected by a trained interviewer using 24-h dietary recall method and LTL was obtained using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the crude and adjusted association of dietary magnesium intake with LTL.ResultsThe overall mean (SD) of LTL was 5.6 (0.6) kp. After adjusting potential confounders, every 1 mg increase in log-transformed dietary magnesium intake was associated with 0.20 kp (95% confidence intervals: 0.05–0.34) longer LTL. Participants with the highest tertile (≥299 mg) of dietary magnesium intake had statistically significant longer LTL (β = 0.07, P = 0.038) compared with the lowest tertile (<198 mg), with significant linear trends across tertiles. Moreover, the association between dietary magnesium intake and LTL was significantly stronger in participants with higher levels of education (≥high school compared with < high school, P for interaction = 0.002). E-value analysis suggested robustness to unmeasured confounding.ConclusionOur findings showed that increased dietary magnesium intake was associated with longer LTL, which suggested that magnesium was conducive to a longer life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Bio-Statistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guiping Hu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guiping Hu,
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Han
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Jianping Li,
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12
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Gao X, Yu X, Zhang C, Wang Y, Sun Y, Sun H, Zhang H, Shi Y, He X. Telomeres and Mitochondrial Metabolism: Implications for Cellular Senescence and Age-related Diseases. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2315-2327. [PMID: 35460064 PMCID: PMC9033418 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an irreversible cell arrest process, which is determined by a variety of complicated mechanisms, including telomere attrition, mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic disorders, loss of protein homeostasis, epigenetic changes, etc. Cellular senescence is causally related to the occurrence and development of age-related disease. The elderly is liable to suffer from disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and diabetes. Therefore, it is increasingly imperative to explore specific countermeasures for the treatment of age-related diseases. Numerous studies on humans and mice emphasize the significance of metabolic imbalance caused by short telomeres and mitochondrial damages in the onset of age-related diseases. Although the experimental data are relatively independent, more and more evidences have shown that there is mutual crosstalk between telomeres and mitochondrial metabolism in the process of cellular senescence. This review systematically discusses the relationship between telomere length, mitochondrial metabolic disorder, as well as their underlying mechanisms for cellular senescence and age-related diseases. Future studies on telomere and mitochondrial metabolism may shed light on potential therapeutic strategies for age-related diseases. Graphical Abstract The characteristics of cellular senescence mainly include mitochondrial dysfunction and telomere attrition. Mitochondrial dysfunction will cause mitochondrial metabolic disorders, including decreased ATP production, increased ROS production, as well as enhanced cellular apoptosis. While oxidative stress reaction to produce ROS, leads to DNA damage, and eventually influences telomere length. Under the stimulation of oxidative stress, telomerase catalytic subunit TERT mainly plays an inhibitory role on oxidative stress, reduces the production of ROS and protects telomere function. Concurrently, mitochondrial dysfunction and telomere attrition eventually induce a range of age-related diseases, such as T2DM, osteoporosis, AD, etc. :increase; :reduce;⟝:inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hui Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yingai Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xu He
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
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13
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Ng GYQ, Hande V, Ong MH, Wong BWX, Loh ZWL, Ho WD, Handison LB, Tan IMSP, Fann DY, Arumugam TV, Hande MP. Effects of dietary interventions on telomere dynamics. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2022; 876-877:503472. [PMID: 35483787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres play a critical role in maintaining cellular fate through tight regulation of cell division and DNA damage or repair. Over the years, it is established that biological ageing is defined by a gradual derangement in functionality, productivity, and robustness of biological processes. The link between telomeres and ageing is highlighted when derangement in telomere biology often leads to premature ageing and concomitant accompaniment of numerous age-associated diseases. Unfortunately, given that ageing is a biologically complicated intricacy, measures to reduce morbidity and improve longevity are still largely in the infancy stage. Recently, it was discovered that dietary habits and interventions might play a role in promoting successful healthy ageing. The intricate relationship between dietary components and its potential to protect the integrity of telomeres may provide unprecedented health benefits and protection against age-related pathologies. However, more focused prospective and follow-up studies with and without interventions are needed to unequivocally link dietary interventions with telomere maintenance in humans. This review aims to summarise recent findings that investigate the roles of nutrition on telomere biology and provide enough evidence for further studies to consider the topic of nutrigenomics and its contributions toward healthy ageing and concomitant strategy against age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Yong-Quan Ng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Varsha Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min Hui Ong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Beverly Wen-Xin Wong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zachary Wai-Loon Loh
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei D Ho
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lionel B Handison
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - David Y Fann
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Thiruma V Arumugam
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - M Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India; Mangalore University, Mangalore, India.
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14
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Törn C, Liu X, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Counts KM, Moreno JL, Remedios CL, Chen WM, LeFaive J, Butterworth MD, Akolkar B, Krischer JP, Lernmark Å, Rewers M, She JX, Toppari J, Ziegler AG, Ratan A, Smith AV, Hagopian WA, Rich SS, Parikh HM. Telomere length is not a main factor for the development of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4516. [PMID: 35296692 PMCID: PMC8927592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study enrolled 8676 children, 3-4 months of age, born with HLA-susceptibility genotypes for islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed in 1119 children in a nested case-control study design. Telomere length was estimated from WGS data using five tools: Computel, Telseq, Telomerecat, qMotif and Motif_counter. The estimated median telomere length was 5.10 kb (IQR 4.52-5.68 kb) using Computel. The age when the blood sample was drawn had a significant negative correlation with telomere length (P = 0.003). European children, particularly those from Finland (P = 0.041) and from Sweden (P = 0.001), had shorter telomeres than children from the U.S.A. Paternal age (P = 0.019) was positively associated with telomere length. First-degree relative status, presence of gestational diabetes in the mother, and maternal age did not have a significant impact on estimated telomere length. HLA-DR4/4 or HLA-DR4/X children had significantly longer telomeres compared to children with HLA-DR3/3 or HLA-DR3/9 haplogenotypes (P = 0.008). Estimated telomere length was not significantly different with respect to any IA (P = 0.377), IAA-first (P = 0.248), GADA-first (P = 0.248) or T1D (P = 0.861). These results suggest that telomere length has no major impact on the risk for IA, the first step to develop T1D. Nevertheless, telomere length was shorter in the T1D high prevalence populations, Finland and Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Törn
- Unit for Diabetes and Celiac Disease, Wallenberg/CRC, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/CRC, Skåne University Hospital SUS, 21428, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Xiang Liu
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Suna Onengut-Gumuscu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kevin M Counts
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jose Leonardo Moreno
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Cassandra L Remedios
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jonathon LeFaive
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Martha D Butterworth
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Beena Akolkar
- National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Krischer
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Åke Lernmark
- Unit for Diabetes and Celiac Disease, Wallenberg/CRC, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/CRC, Skåne University Hospital SUS, 21428, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marian Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jin-Xiong She
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anette-Gabriele Ziegler
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Forschergruppe Diabetes, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V. at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Aakrosh Ratan
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Hemang M Parikh
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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15
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García-García C, Shin C, Baik I. Association between body temperature and leukocyte telomere length in Korean middle-aged and older adults. Epidemiol Health 2021; 43:e2021063. [PMID: 34525499 PMCID: PMC8629693 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2021063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Data on associations between body temperature (BT) and leukocyte telomere length (LTL), which has been widely used as a biomarker of cellular senescence in recent epidemiological studies, are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the associations between a normal BT range (35.0-37.5°C) and LTL via 6-year longitudinal observations of 2,004 male and female adults aged 50 or older. METHODS BT was obtained by measuring the tympanic temperature, and relative LTL was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Robust regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the baseline and follow-up LTL values and their differences. RESULTS A significant inverse association was found between BT and LTL at baseline. The regression coefficient estimate was -0.03 (95% confidence interval, -0.07 to -0.001; p<0.05). This association was stronger in participants with a body mass index >25 kg/m2 and males (p<0.01). However, there were no associations between BT and LTL at follow-up or BT and 6-year longitudinal differences in LTL. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that having a high BT between 35°C and 37.5°C (95°F and 99°F) may be detrimental for obese individuals in terms of biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina García-García
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Inkyung Baik
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Seeker LA, Underwood SL, Wilbourn RV, Dorrens J, Froy H, Holland R, Ilska JJ, Psifidi A, Bagnall A, Whitelaw B, Coffey M, Banos G, Nussey DH. Telomere attrition rates are associated with weather conditions and predict productive lifespan in dairy cattle. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5589. [PMID: 33692400 PMCID: PMC7970942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84984-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere length is predictive of adult health and survival across vertebrate species. However, we currently do not know whether such associations result from among-individual differences in telomere length determined genetically or by early-life environmental conditions, or from differences in the rate of telomere attrition over the course of life that might be affected by environmental conditions. Here, we measured relative leukocyte telomere length (RLTL) multiple times across the entire lifespan of dairy cattle in a research population that is closely monitored for health and milk production and where individuals are predominantly culled in response to health issues. Animals varied in their change in RLTL between subsequent measurements and RLTL shortened more during early life and following hotter summers which are known to cause heat stress in dairy cows. The average amount of telomere attrition calculated over multiple repeat samples of individuals predicted a shorter productive lifespan, suggesting a link between telomere loss and health. TL attrition was a better predictor of when an animal was culled than their average TL or the previously for this population reported significant TL at the age of 1 year. Our present results support the hypothesis that TL is a flexible trait that is affected by environmental factors and that telomere attrition is linked to animal health and survival traits. Change in telomere length may represent a useful biomarker in animal welfare studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise A Seeker
- Animal & Veterinary Sciences, SRUC, Roslin Institute Building, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK.
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Sarah L Underwood
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rachael V Wilbourn
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jennifer Dorrens
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hannah Froy
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rebecca Holland
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna J Ilska
- Animal & Veterinary Sciences, SRUC, Roslin Institute Building, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | - Androniki Psifidi
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
| | | | - Bruce Whitelaw
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | - Mike Coffey
- Animal & Veterinary Sciences, SRUC, Roslin Institute Building, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | - Georgios Banos
- Animal & Veterinary Sciences, SRUC, Roslin Institute Building, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | - Daniel H Nussey
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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17
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Pitkänen N, Pahkala K, Rovio SP, Saijonmaa OJ, Nyman AE, Jula A, Lagström H, Viikari JSA, Rönnemaa T, Niinikoski H, Simell O, Fyhrquist F, Raitakari OT. Effects of Randomized Controlled Infancy-Onset Dietary Intervention on Leukocyte Telomere Length-The Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP). Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020318. [PMID: 33499376 PMCID: PMC7911579 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced telomere length (TL) is a biological marker of aging. A high inter-individual variation in TL exists already in childhood, which is partly explained by genetics, but also by lifestyle factors. We examined the influence of a 20-year dietary/lifestyle intervention on TL attrition from childhood to early adulthood. The study comprised participants of the longitudinal randomized Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP) conducted between 1990 and 2011. Healthy 7-month-old children were randomized to the intervention group (n = 540) receiving dietary counseling mainly focused on dietary fat quality and to the control group (n = 522). Leukocyte TL was measured using the Southern blot method from whole blood samples collected twice: at a mean age of 7.5 and 19.8 years (n = 232; intervention n = 108, control n = 124). Yearly TL attrition rate was calculated. The participants of the intervention group had slower yearly TL attrition rate compared to the controls (intervention: mean = −7.5 bp/year, SD = 24.4 vs. control: mean = −15.0 bp/year, SD = 30.3; age, sex and baseline TL adjusted β = 0.007, SE = 0.004, p = 0.040). The result became stronger after additional adjustments for dietary fat quality and fiber intake, serum lipid and insulin concentrations, systolic blood pressure, physical activity and smoking (β = 0.013, SE = 0.005, p = 0.009). A long-term intervention focused mainly on dietary fat quality may affect the yearly TL attrition rate in healthy children/adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Pitkänen
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (N.P.); (S.P.R.); (O.S.); (O.T.R.)
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.L.); (H.N.)
- Auria Biobank, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Katja Pahkala
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (N.P.); (S.P.R.); (O.S.); (O.T.R.)
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.L.); (H.N.)
- Paavo Nurmi Centre, Sports & Exercise Medicine Unit, Department of Physical Activity and Health, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-40-578-6122
| | - Suvi P. Rovio
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (N.P.); (S.P.R.); (O.S.); (O.T.R.)
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.L.); (H.N.)
| | - Outi J. Saijonmaa
- Minerva Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (O.J.S.); (A.E.N.); (F.F.)
| | - Anna E. Nyman
- Minerva Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (O.J.S.); (A.E.N.); (F.F.)
| | - Antti Jula
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Institute for Health and Welfare, 20750 Turku, Finland;
| | - Hanna Lagström
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.L.); (H.N.)
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma S. A. Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (J.S.A.V.); (T.R.)
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tapani Rönnemaa
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (J.S.A.V.); (T.R.)
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Niinikoski
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.L.); (H.N.)
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Simell
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (N.P.); (S.P.R.); (O.S.); (O.T.R.)
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.L.); (H.N.)
| | - Frej Fyhrquist
- Minerva Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (O.J.S.); (A.E.N.); (F.F.)
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (N.P.); (S.P.R.); (O.S.); (O.T.R.)
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.L.); (H.N.)
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
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18
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Mizuno Y, Konishi S, Goto C, Yoshinaga J, Hidaka M, Imai H. Association between nutrient intake and telomere length in Japanese female university students. Biomarkers 2021; 26:138-145. [PMID: 33393836 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2020.1871409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Telomere length can be a biomarker of cumulative oxidative stress and inflammation indicating biological aging. Previous studies examined association of nutrient intake with telomere length targeting middle-aged and elderly individuals. This study examined whether dietary macro- and micronutrient intake was associated with telomere length in young females. METHODS Seventy-four Japanese young females (median (interquartile range) age was 19 (19 - 20) years) participated. We estimated their intake of nutrients (energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, essential elements, vitamins, fatty acids, and dietary fibre) using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and measured telomere length (T/S ratio, the ratio of telomere repeat copy number (T) to single-copy gene number (S)) of DNA extracted from blood by qPCR. The association between telomere length and tertiles of nutrient intake were analysed. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) of telomere length was 0.70 (0.52 - 0.98). Vitamin A intake was positively associated with telomere length (tertile 1 vs. 2, coefficient [95% confidence interval] = 0.42 [0.12, 0.71]; tertile 1 vs. 3, coefficient [95% confidence interval] = 0.33 [0.04, 0.62]) after adjusting for covariates (age, BMI, passive smoking, and drinking). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that variation in vitamin A intake might influence telomere attrition in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Mizuno
- Department of Human Ecology, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Konishi
- Department of Human Ecology, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chiho Goto
- Department of Health and Nutrition, School of Health and Human Life, Nagoya Bunri University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jun Yoshinaga
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Mikie Hidaka
- Department of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Imai
- Faculty of Nursing, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Ishikawa, Japan
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19
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Dhillon VS, Deo P, Chua A, Thomas P, Fenech M. Telomere Length in Healthy Adults Is Positively Associated With Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Including Arachidonic Acid, and Negatively With Saturated Fatty Acids. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:3-6. [PMID: 32894749 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte telomere length (LTL) is a biomarker of aging that may be modified by dietary factors including fat. Red blood cell fatty acid status is a well-validated indicator of long-term dietary intake of fat from various sources. Recent findings from epidemiological studies of LTL in relation to fatty acids in red blood cells are not conclusive. The present study was carried out to investigate if red blood cell fatty acid status in 174 healthy older South Australians is associated with LTL. Lymphocyte telomere length was measured by real-time qPCR and fatty acid content in red blood cells was measured by gas chromatography. Our results indicate that the majority of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids are negatively associated with LTL, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids are positively associated with LTL. Multiple regression analysis revealed that arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) is significantly, independently, positively correlated with LTL (β = 0.262; p = .000). The significant association of fatty acids, particularly C20:4n-6, with telomere length warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinderpal S Dhillon
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Permal Deo
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ann Chua
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Phil Thomas
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael Fenech
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, Australia
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20
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Sun Y, Li X, Jiang W, Fan Y, Ouyang Q, Shao W, Alolga RN, Ge Y, Ma G. Advanced paternal age and risk of cancer in offspring. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:3712-3725. [PMID: 33411681 PMCID: PMC7906132 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Many risk factors of cancer have been established, but the contribution of paternal age in this regard remains largely unexplored. To further understand the etiology of cancer, we investigated the relationship between paternal age and cancer incidence using PLCO cohort. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to assess the association between paternal age and the risk of cancers. During follow-up time (median 11.5 years), 18,753 primary cancers occurred. Paternal age was associated with reduced risk of cancers of the female genitalia (HR, 0.79; 95%CI, 0.66-0.94; P = 0.008) as well as cancers of the respiratory and intrathoracic organs (HR, 0.78; 95%CI, 0.63-0.97; P = 0.026). The association was stronger for lung cancer (HR, 0.67; 95%CI, 0.52-0.86; P = 0.002). The subgroup analysis suggested that age, gender, smoking and BMI were related to the decreased cancer incidence of the respiratory and intrathoracic organs, lung and the female genitalia. Positive linear associations were observed between paternal age and cancer incidence of the female genitalia, respiratory and intrathoracic organs and the lungs. These findings indicate that advanced paternal age is an independent protective factor against various cancers in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuanming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiong Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Science and Technology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Raphael N. Alolga
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqiu Ge
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Gaoxiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Palmos AB, Duarte RRR, Smeeth DM, Hedges EC, Nixon DF, Thuret S, Powell TR. Telomere length and human hippocampal neurogenesis. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:2239-2247. [PMID: 32920596 PMCID: PMC7784985 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Short telomere length is a risk factor for age-related disease, but it is also associated with reduced hippocampal volumes, age-related cognitive decline and psychiatric disorder risk. The current study explored whether telomere shortening might have an influence on cognitive function and psychiatric disorder pathophysiology, via its hypothesised effects on adult hippocampal neurogenesis. We modelled telomere shortening in human hippocampal progenitor cells in vitro using a serial passaging protocol that mimics the end-replication problem. Serially passaged progenitors demonstrated shorter telomeres (P ≤ 0.05), and reduced rates of cell proliferation (P ≤ 0.001), with no changes in the ability of cells to differentiate into neurons or glia. RNA-sequencing and gene-set enrichment analyses revealed an effect of cell ageing on gene networks related to neurogenesis, telomere maintenance, cell senescence and cytokine production. Downregulated transcripts in our model showed a significant overlap with genes regulating cognitive function (P ≤ 1 × 10-5), and risk for schizophrenia (P ≤ 1 × 10-10) and bipolar disorder (P ≤ 0.005). Collectively, our results suggest that telomere shortening could represent a mechanism that moderates the proliferative capacity of human hippocampal progenitors, which may subsequently impact on human cognitive function and psychiatric disorder pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alish B. Palmos
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Rodrigo R. R. Duarte
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XDivision of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY USA
| | - Demelza M. Smeeth
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Erin C. Hedges
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Douglas F. Nixon
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDivision of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY USA
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Timothy R. Powell
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XDivision of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY USA
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22
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Ma C, He S, Li P, Zhang H, Li W, Li Y. Negative Association between Caloric Intake and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in a Chinese Population: Mediation Models Involving Mitochondrial Function. Gerontology 2020; 66:439-446. [PMID: 32663832 DOI: 10.1159/000508497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the shortening of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and decrease in the copy number of mitochondrial DNA, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are considered important drivers of the aging process. Although previous experimental studies report that caloric intake is associated with age-related renal dysfunction through the changes in mitochondrial function, there are insufficient epidemiological data to establish this association. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the association between caloric intake and renal function and to investigate whether mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) mediated this association by cross-sectional analysis. METHODS A total of 403 individuals from a Chinese rural cohort (women = 66.50%; mean age = 53.94 ± 10.27 years) with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and with differences in the glucose tolerance status (diabetes, n = 106; prediabetes, n = 125; normal glucose tolerance, n = 172) were included. Dietary data were obtained by a 24-h food recall, and caloric intake was normalized by ideal body weight. The mtDNAcn and LTL were detected using real-time PCR assay. The associations between caloric intake, aging markers, and renal function were analyzed by partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Mediation analysis was applied to examine the role of mtDNAcn in the association between caloric intake and eGFR. RESULTS Caloric intake was higher while age-adjusted mtDNAcn was lower in individuals with eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 140) than in those with eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 263). After adjusting for multiple factors, linear regression analysis revealed that caloric intake was negatively associated with eGFR and mtDNAcn, while mtDNAcn was positively associated with eGFR. Moreover, mediation analysis indicated that the indirect effect of caloric intake on eGFR through mtDNAcn was significant (β = -0.0505, 95% confidence interval -0.0931 to -0.0190). CONCLUSIONS Caloric intake was negatively associated with eGFR in a Chinese population, and the association was partly mediated by decreased mtDNAcn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chifa Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuli He
- Department of Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huabing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiu Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China,
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23
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Galiè S, Canudas S, Muralidharan J, García-Gavilán J, Bulló M, Salas-Salvadó J. Impact of Nutrition on Telomere Health: Systematic Review of Observational Cohort Studies and Randomized Clinical Trials. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:576-601. [PMID: 31688893 PMCID: PMC7231592 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet, physical activity, and other lifestyle factors have been implicated in the pathophysiology of several chronic diseases, but also in a lower total mortality and longer life expectancy. One of the mechanisms in which diet can reduce the risk of disease is with regard to its impact on telomeres. Telomere length (TL) is highly correlated to chronological age and metabolic status. Individuals with shorter telomeres are at higher risk of chronic diseases and mortality. Diet may influence TL by several mechanisms such as regulating oxidative stress and inflammation or modulating epigenetic reactions. The present systematic review aims to examine the results from epidemiologic and clinical trials conducted in humans evaluating the role of nutrients, food groups, and dietary patterns on TL. We also discuss the possible mechanisms of action that influence this process, with the perspective that TL could be a novel biomarker indicating the risk of metabolic disturbances and age-related diseases. The available evidence suggests that some antioxidant nutrients, the consumption of fruits and vegetables, and Mediterranean diet are mainly associated with longer telomeres. However, most of the evidence is based on high heterogenic observational studies and very few randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Therefore, the associations summarized in the present review need to be confirmed with larger prospective cohort studies and better-designed RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Galiè
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, IISPV, Sant Joan de Reus University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain,Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Canudas
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, IISPV, Sant Joan de Reus University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain,Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jananee Muralidharan
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, IISPV, Sant Joan de Reus University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain,Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús García-Gavilán
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, IISPV, Sant Joan de Reus University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain,Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Bulló
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, IISPV, Sant Joan de Reus University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain,Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain,Address correspondence to MB (e-mail: )
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, IISPV, Sant Joan de Reus University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain,Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain,Address correspondence to JS-S (e-mail: )
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24
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Muhsen K, Sinnreich R, Merom D, Nassar H, Cohen D, Kark JD. Helicobacter pylori infection, serum pepsinogens as markers of atrophic gastritis, and leukocyte telomere length: a population-based study. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:32. [PMID: 31331390 PMCID: PMC6647065 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-019-0217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent infections that induce prolonged inflammation might negatively affect the leukocyte telomere length (LTL); however, the role in LTL of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, which persistently colonizes the stomach, remains unknown. The study objective was to examine associations of sero-prevalence of H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody and serum pepsinogens (PGs), as markers of atrophic gastritis, with LTL. A cross-sectional study was performed among 934 Arab residents of East Jerusalem, aged 27–78 years, randomly selected from Israel’s national population registry. Sera were tested for H. pylori IgG and PG levels by ELISA. LTL was measured by southern blots. Multiple linear regression models were fitted to adjust for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Results LTL decreased significantly with age (p < 0.001) and was shorter in men than women (p = 0.032). The mean LTL was longer in H. pylori sero-positive persons than negative ones: mean difference 0.13 kb (95% CI 0.02, 0.24), p = 0.016. Participants with atrophic gastritis (PGI < 30 μg/L or a PGI: PGII < 3.0) had shorter LTL than did those without: mean difference − 0.18 (95% CI − 0.32, − 0.04). The difference was of larger magnitude between persons who had past H. pylori infection (sero-negative to H. pylori IgG antibody) and atrophic gastritis, compared to those who were H. pylori sero-negative and did not have atrophic gastritis: mean difference − 0.32 kb (95% CI − 0.55, − 0.10). This association remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, and religiosity: beta coefficient − 0.21 kb (95% CI − 0.41, − 0.001), p = 0.049. The results were similar after further adjustment for lifestyle factors. In bivariate analysis, mean LTL was longer in physically active persons than non-active ones, and shorter in persons with than without obesity; however, these differences were diminished and were not significant in the multivariable model. Conclusions H. pylori IgG sero-positivity per se was not related to reduced LTL. However, persons with past H. pylori infection (i.e., lacking H. pylori IgG serum antibody) and with serological evidence of atrophic gastritis, had a significantly shorter LTL than did those without atrophic gastritis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40246-019-0217-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khitam Muhsen
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv, Ramat Aviv, 6139001, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Ronit Sinnreich
- Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dafna Merom
- Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hisham Nassar
- St. Joseph Hospital, East Jerusalem and Department of Cardiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dani Cohen
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv, Ramat Aviv, 6139001, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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25
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Abstract
Telomeres are specialised structures at the end of linear chromosomes. They consist of tandem repeats of the hexanucleotide sequence TTAGGG, as well as a protein complex called shelterin. Together, they form a protective loop structure against chromosome fusion and degradation. Shortening or damage to telomeres and opening of the loop induce an uncapped state that triggers a DNA damage response resulting in senescence or apoptosis.Average telomere length, usually measured in human blood lymphocytes, was thought to be a biomarker for ageing, survival and mortality. However, it becomes obvious that regulation of telomere length is very complex and involves multiple processes. For example, the "end replication problem" during DNA replication as well as oxidative stress are responsible for the shortening of telomeres. In contrast, telomerase activity can potentially counteract telomere shortening when it is able to access and interact with telomeres. However, while highly active during development and in cancer cells, the enzyme is down-regulated in most human somatic cells with a few exceptions such as human lymphocytes. In addition, telomeres can be transcribed, and the transcription products called TERRA are involved in telomere length regulation.Thus, telomere length and their integrity are regulated at many different levels, and we only start to understand this process under conditions of increased oxidative stress, inflammation and during diseases as well as the ageing process.This chapter aims to describe our current state of knowledge on telomeres and telomerase and their regulation in order to better understand their role for the ageing process.
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26
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Bateson M, Aviv A, Bendix L, Benetos A, Ben-Shlomo Y, Bojesen SE, Cooper C, Cooper R, Deary IJ, Hägg S, Harris SE, Kark JD, Kronenberg F, Kuh D, Labat C, Martin-Ruiz CM, Meyer C, Nordestgaard BG, Penninx BWJH, Pepper GV, Révész D, Said MA, Starr JM, Syddall H, Thomson WM, van der Harst P, Whooley M, von Zglinicki T, Willeit P, Zhan Y, Nettle D. Smoking does not accelerate leucocyte telomere attrition: a meta-analysis of 18 longitudinal cohorts. R Soc Open Sci 2019; 6:190420. [PMID: 31312500 PMCID: PMC6599800 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is associated with shorter leucocyte telomere length (LTL), a biomarker of increased morbidity and reduced longevity. This association is widely interpreted as evidence that smoking causes accelerated LTL attrition in adulthood, but the evidence for this is inconsistent. We analysed the association between smoking and LTL dynamics in 18 longitudinal cohorts. The dataset included data from 12 579 adults (4678 current smokers and 7901 non-smokers) over a mean follow-up interval of 8.6 years. Meta-analysis confirmed a cross-sectional difference in LTL between smokers and non-smokers, with mean LTL 84.61 bp shorter in smokers (95% CI: 22.62 to 146.61). However, LTL attrition was only 0.51 bp yr-1 faster in smokers than in non-smokers (95% CI: -2.09 to 1.08), a difference that equates to only 1.32% of the estimated age-related loss of 38.33 bp yr-1. Assuming a linear effect of smoking, 167 years of smoking would be required to generate the observed cross-sectional difference in LTL. Therefore, the difference in LTL between smokers and non-smokers is extremely unlikely to be explained by a linear, causal effect of smoking. Selective adoption, whereby individuals with short telomeres are more likely to start smoking, needs to be considered as a more plausible explanation for the observed pattern of telomere dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bateson
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Abraham Aviv
- Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Laila Bendix
- Pain Center South, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Odense, Odense, Denmark
| | - Athanase Benetos
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, CHRU de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Bristol, UK
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Rachel Cooper
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 33 Bedford Place, London WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah E. Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jeremy D. Kark
- Hebrew University–Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, 33 Bedford Place, London WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Carlos Labat
- INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Carmen M. Martin-Ruiz
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Craig Meyer
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gillian V. Pepper
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Dóra Révész
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M. Abdullah Said
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - John M. Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Holly Syddall
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - William Murray Thomson
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Mary Whooley
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Thomas von Zglinicki
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Arts and Sciences Faculty, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Peter Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Nettle
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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Cohen-Manheim I, Sinnreich R, Doniger GM, Simon ES, Pinchas-Mizrachi R, Kark JD. Fasting plasma glucose in young adults free of diabetes is associated with cognitive function in midlife. Eur J Public Health 2019; 28:496-503. [PMID: 29140417 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence for an association of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) with cognitive function in adults free of diabetes is scarce and based on middle-aged and older adults. We examined the association of FPG, measured at age 30, and of change in FPG from age 30 to 43, with cognitive function at age 50. Methods 505 nondiabetic participants of the population-based Jerusalem Lipid Research Clinic (LRC) cohort study had baseline FPG, 2-h post-oral challenge plasma glucose (OGTT) and insulin determined at ages 28-32, and FPG and OGTT again at ages 41-46. Subsequently at ages 48-52, global cognitive function and its five specific component domains were assessed with a NeuroTrax computerized test battery, using multiple linear regression and multivariable logistic models. Results Hyperglycemia (FPG ≥ 5.6 mmol/l vs. <5.6 mmol/l) at baseline was associated with poorer global cognitive function in midlife (predominantly in the visual spatial and attention domains), independent of socio-demographic characteristics, life style variables, body mass index (BMI), and inflammatory and biochemical variables (standardized Beta = -0.121, P = 0.002, plinear trend(FPG continuous) =0.016). Similarly, increased odds for low-ranked (lowest fifth) global cognition was evident (ORper mmol/l FPG=2.31, 95% CI = 1.30-4.13, P = 0.005). Baseline OGTT, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and change in FPG and OGTT over 13 years were not associated with cognition. Conclusion A higher FPG in young adults was associated with lower cognitive performance in midlife. Although we cannot dismiss the possibility of reverse causation, hyperglycemia at a young age may be a modifiable risk factor for low-ranked cognitive function in midlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Cohen-Manheim
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ronit Sinnreich
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Glen M Doniger
- Department of Clinical Research, NeuroTrax Corporation, Modiin, Israel.,Center for Medical Decision Making, Ono Academic College, Kiryat Ono, Israel
| | - Ely S Simon
- Department of Clinical Research, NeuroTrax Corporation, Modiin, Israel.,Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ronit Pinchas-Mizrachi
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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28
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Gielen M, Hageman GJ, Antoniou EE, Nordfjall K, Mangino M, Balasubramanyam M, de Meyer T, Hendricks AE, Giltay EJ, Hunt SC, Nettleton JA, Salpea KD, Diaz VA, Farzaneh-Far R, Atzmon G, Harris SE, Hou L, Gilley D, Hovatta I, Kark JD, Nassar H, Kurz DJ, Mather KA, Willeit P, Zheng YL, Pavanello S, Demerath EW, Rode L, Bunout D, Steptoe A, Boardman L, Marti A, Needham B, Zheng W, Ramsey-Goldman R, Pellatt AJ, Kaprio J, Hofmann JN, Gieger C, Paolisso G, Hjelmborg JBH, Mirabello L, Seeman T, Wong J, van der Harst P, Broer L, Kronenberg F, Kollerits B, Strandberg T, Eisenberg DTA, Duggan C, Verhoeven JE, Schaakxs R, Zannolli R, dos Reis RMR, Charchar FJ, Tomaszewski M, Mons U, Demuth I, Iglesias Molli AE, Cheng G, Krasnienkov D, D'Antono B, Kasielski M, McDonnell BJ, Ebstein RP, Sundquist K, Pare G, Chong M, Zeegers MP. Body mass index is negatively associated with telomere length: a collaborative cross-sectional meta-analysis of 87 observational studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:453-475. [PMID: 30535086 PMCID: PMC6454526 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Even before the onset of age-related diseases, obesity might be a contributing factor to the cumulative burden of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation throughout the life course. Obesity may therefore contribute to accelerated shortening of telomeres. Consequently, obese persons are more likely to have shorter telomeres, but the association between body mass index (BMI) and leukocyte telomere length (TL) might differ across the life span and between ethnicities and sexes. Objective A collaborative cross-sectional meta-analysis of observational studies was conducted to investigate the associations between BMI and TL across the life span. Design Eighty-seven distinct study samples were included in the meta-analysis capturing data from 146,114 individuals. Study-specific age- and sex-adjusted regression coefficients were combined by using a random-effects model in which absolute [base pairs (bp)] and relative telomere to single-copy gene ratio (T/S ratio) TLs were regressed against BMI. Stratified analysis was performed by 3 age categories ("young": 18-60 y; "middle": 61-75 y; and "old": >75 y), sex, and ethnicity. Results Each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -3.99 bp (95% CI: -5.17, -2.81 bp) difference in TL in the total pooled sample; among young adults, each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -7.67 bp (95% CI: -10.03, -5.31 bp) difference. Each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -1.58 × 10(-3) unit T/S ratio (0.16% decrease; 95% CI: -2.14 × 10(-3), -1.01 × 10(-3)) difference in age- and sex-adjusted relative TL in the total pooled sample; among young adults, each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -2.58 × 10(-3) unit T/S ratio (0.26% decrease; 95% CI: -3.92 × 10(-3), -1.25 × 10(-3)). The associations were predominantly for the white pooled population. No sex differences were observed. Conclusions A higher BMI is associated with shorter telomeres, especially in younger individuals. The presently observed difference is not negligible. Meta-analyses of longitudinal studies evaluating change in body weight alongside change in TL are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marij Gielen
- Departments of Complex Genetics,Address correspondence to MG (e-mail: )
| | - Geja J Hageman
- Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, Netherlands
| | - Evangelia E Antoniou
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Netherlands
| | | | - Massimo Mangino
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom,NIHR Biomedical Research Center at Guy's and St. Thomas’ Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tim de Meyer
- Department of Mathematical Modeling, Statistics, and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Audrey E Hendricks
- Population Sciences Branch of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA,Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado–Denver, Denver, CO
| | - Erik J Giltay
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Klelia D Salpea
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, BSRC “Alexander Fleming,” Athens, Greece
| | - Vanessa A Diaz
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Ramin Farzaneh-Far
- Division of Cardiology, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, and Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Cognitive Epidemiology and Medical Genetics Section and Center for Genomics and Experimental Medicine and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - David Gilley
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University–Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hisham Nassar
- Department of Cardiology, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David J Kurz
- Department of Cardiology, Triemli Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Psychiatry, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yun-Ling Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Sofia Pavanello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Sciences, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ellen W Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Line Rode
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Bunout
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew Steptoe
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Boardman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Amelia Marti
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belinda Needham
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | | | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Department of Public Health,Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic, and Geriatric Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Jacob B H Hjelmborg
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Biodemography, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lisa Mirabello
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic, and Geriatric Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Seeman
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jason Wong
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular, and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Kollerits
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular, and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Timo Strandberg
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Center for Life Course Epidemiology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Dan T A Eisenberg
- Department of Anthropology and Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Josine E Verhoeven
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Roxanne Schaakxs
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Raffaela Zannolli
- Pediatrics Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Senese/University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Siena, Italy
| | - Rosana M R dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- School of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom,Division of Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ute Mons
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research,Cancer Prevention Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Lipid Clinic at the Interdisciplinary Metabolism Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Elena Iglesias Molli
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM). Laboratorio de Diabetes y Metabolismo, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guo Cheng
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety, and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dmytro Krasnienkov
- Department of Epigenetics, DF Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Bianca D'Antono
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, and Psychology Department, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marek Kasielski
- Bases of Clinical Medicine Teaching Center, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Barry J McDonnell
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Guillaume Pare
- Population Health Research Institute and McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Michael Chong
- Population Health Research Institute and McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Maurice P Zeegers
- Departments of Complex Genetics,CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Furer A, Afek A, Orr O, Gershovitz L, Landau Rabbi M, Derazne E, Pinhas-Hamiel O, Fink N, Leiba A, Tirosh A, Kark JD, Twig G. Sex-specific associations between adolescent categories of BMI with cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality in midlife. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:80. [PMID: 29871640 PMCID: PMC5989357 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0727-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Context Most studies linking long-term consequences of adolescent underweight and obesity are limited to men. Objective To assess the sex-specific association of adolescent BMI with cardiovascular- and non-cardiovascular-related mortality in young adulthood and midlife. Setting A nationwide cohort. Participants 927,868 women, 1,366,271 men. Interventions Medical examination data at age 17, including BMI, were linked to the national death registry. Main outcomes Death attributed to cardiovascular (CVD) and non-CVD causes. Results During 17,346,230 women-years and 28,367,431 men-years of follow-up, there were 451 and 3208 CVD deaths, respectively, and 6235 and 22,223 non-CVD deaths, respectively. Compared to low-normal BMI (18.5–22.0 kg/m2), underweight women had a lower adjusted risk for CVD mortality (Cox hazard ratio (HR) = 0.68; 95% CI 0.46–0.98) in contrast to underweight men (HR = 0.99; 0.88–1.13). The latter were at higher risk for non-CVD mortality (HR = 1.04; 1.00–1.09), unlike underweight women (HR = 1.01; 0.93–1.10). Findings, which persisted when the study sample was limited to those with unimpaired health, were accentuated for the obese with ≥ 30 years follow-up. Both sexes exhibited similarly higher risk estimates already in the high-normal BMI range (22.0 ≤ BMI < 25.0 kg/m2) with overall no interaction between sex and BMI (p = 0.62). Adjusted spline models suggested lower BMI values for minimal mortality risk among women (16.8 and 18.2 kg/m2) than men (18.8 and 20.0 kg/m2), for CVD and non-CVD death, respectively. Conclusions Underweight adolescent females have favorable cardiovascular outcomes in adulthood. Otherwise the risk patterns were similar between the sexes. The optimal BMI value for women and men with respect to future CVD outcomes is within or below the currently accepted low-normal BMI range. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12933-018-0727-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Furer
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Arnon Afek
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Omri Orr
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Liron Gershovitz
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Moran Landau Rabbi
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Estela Derazne
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Pinhas-Hamiel
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Noam Fink
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Adi Leiba
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Tirosh
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Dr. Pinchas Bornstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Institute of Endocrinology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,The Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gilad Twig
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel. .,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Institute of Endocrinology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel. .,The Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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30
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Wojcicki JM, Elwan D, Lin J, Blackburn E, Epel E. Chronic Obesity and Incident Hypertension in Latina Women Are Associated with Accelerated Telomere Length Loss over a 1-Year Period. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018; 16:262-266. [PMID: 29750592 DOI: 10.1089/met.2017.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Shorter telomere length is associated with increased chronic disease risk in adulthood including diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk. Few studies have evaluated the relationship between telomere length change and incident disease risk in populations with a high percentage of overweight and obesity. RESULTS In an urban Latina population recruited in San Francisco (n = 82) with a high prevalence of overweight and obesity (78.4%), we assessed leukocyte telomere length and telomere length change over a 1-year period in relation to obesity, chronicity of obesity, and incident metabolic disease risk 5-6 years later. We also assessed the relationship between telomere length change over a 1-year period and weight loss. There were no significant associations between baseline telomere length and socio-demographics including age and ethnicity, or current weight status. Telomere length change, however, was associated with being obese at baseline and previous years of chronic obesity. A high percentage of women who were obese at baseline were also obese the year before (90%) and 2 years before (85%). Obesity at baseline was an independent predictor for increased telomere length attrition (β = -346.9, -568.4 to -125.4; P < 0.01). Similarly, chronic obesity was associated with increased risk for accelerated attrition (β = -280.6, -518.4 to -42.8; P < 0.01). INNOVATION We speculate that accelerated attrition may be a harbinger of metabolic disease. We also found that those who had or developed hypertension had accelerated attrition [-407.4 ± 464.0 vs. -168.1 ± 643.6 (P = 0.03)]. CONCLUSION In populations with chronic and long-standing obesity, telomere length attrition rate, rather than baseline telomere length may be a more sensitive indicator of health status including chronic disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet M Wojcicki
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Deena Elwan
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jue Lin
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Elizabeth Blackburn
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Elissa Epel
- 3 Department of Psychiatry, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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31
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De Meyer T, Bekaert S, De Buyzere ML, De Bacquer DD, Langlois MR, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Gillebert TC, Rietzschel ER, Huybrechts I. Leukocyte telomere length and diet in the apparently healthy, middle-aged Asklepios population. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6540. [PMID: 29695838 PMCID: PMC5916889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24649-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length is a prognostic biomarker for aging diseases. As it is unknown whether diet plays a role in these associations, we aimed to assess the impact of diet on telomere length. Moreover, given that telomere length is modulated by oxidative stress and inflammation, an additional goal was to evaluate whether the latter may mediate possible telomere - diet associations. Southern blot measured leukocyte telomere length and food frequency questionnaire data were compared for 2509 apparently healthy men and women (~35 to 55 years) from the Asklepios population. No significant associations were found between telomere length and overall dietary characteristics, such as dietary diversity, quality, equilibrium, and the dietary inflammatory index. Exploratory analysis of individual dietary variables revealed that a higher daily intake of deep fried potato products was associated with shorter telomeres (P = 0.002, 151 bp per 100 g/day), also in both sexes separately. Deep fried potato product consumption was also significantly associated with C-reactive protein (P = 0.032) and uric acid (P = 0.042), but not other inflammation and oxidative stress markers. These results suggest an at most limited association between overall dietary patterns and telomere length in the general population. Nevertheless, the association between telomere length and deep fried potato product intake warrants additional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim De Meyer
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Sofie Bekaert
- BIMETRA - Clinical Research Center Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc L De Buyzere
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk D De Bacquer
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michel R Langlois
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asklepios Core-Lab, AZ St-Jan AV Hospital, Ruddershove 10, B-8000, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 241, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 241, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Thierry C Gillebert
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ernst R Rietzschel
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
- International Agency for Research on Cancer; 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, CEDEX 08, France
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Abstract
Individual differences in telomere length are associated with individual differences in behaviour in humans and birds. Within the human epidemiological literature this association is assumed to result from specific behaviour patterns causing changes in telomere dynamics. We argue that selective adoption-the hypothesis that individuals with short telomeres are more likely to adopt specific behaviours-is an alternative worthy of consideration. Selective adoption could occur either because telomere length directly affects behaviour or because behaviour and telomere length are both affected by a third variable, such as exposure to early-life adversity. We present differential predictions of the causation and selective adoption hypotheses and describe how these could be tested with longitudinal data on telomere length. Crucially, if behaviour is causal then it should be associated with differential rates of telomere attrition. Using smoking behaviour as an example, we show that the evidence that smoking accelerates the rate of telomere attrition within individuals is currently weak. We conclude that the selective adoption hypothesis for the association between behaviour and telomere length is both mechanistically plausible and, if anything, more compatible with existing empirical evidence than the hypothesis that behaviour is causal.This article is part of the theme issue 'Understanding diversity in telomere dynamics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bateson
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Daniel Nettle
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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Verstraete S, Vanhorebeek I, van Puffelen E, Derese I, Ingels C, Verbruggen SC, Wouters PJ, Joosten KF, Hanot J, Guerra GG, Vlasselaers D, Lin J, Van den Berghe G. Leukocyte telomere length in paediatric critical illness: effect of early parenteral nutrition. Crit Care 2018; 22:38. [PMID: 29463275 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-018-1972-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Children who have suffered from critical illnesses that required treatment in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) have long-term physical and neurodevelopmental impairments. The mechanisms underlying this legacy remain largely unknown. In patients suffering from chronic diseases hallmarked by inflammation and oxidative stress, poor long-term outcome has been associated with shorter telomeres. Shortened telomeres have also been reported to result from excessive food consumption and/or unhealthy nutrition. We investigated whether critically ill children admitted to the PICU have shorter-than-normal telomeres, and whether early parenteral nutrition (PN) independently affects telomere length when adjusting for known determinants of telomere length. Methods Telomere length was quantified in leukocyte DNA from 342 healthy children and from 1148 patients who had been enrolled in the multicenter, randomised controlled trial (RCT), PEPaNIC. These patients were randomly allocated to initiation of PN within 24 h (early PN) or to withholding PN for one week in PICU (late PN). The impact of early PN versus late PN on the change in telomere length from the first to last PICU-day was investigated with multivariable linear regression analyses. Results Leukocyte telomeres were 6% shorter than normal upon PICU admission (median 1.625 (IQR 1.446–1.825) telomere/single-copy-gene ratio (T/S) units vs. 1.727 (1.547–1.915) T/S-units in healthy children (P < 0.0001)). Adjusted for potential baseline determinants and leukocyte composition, early PN was associated with telomere shortening during PICU stay as compared with late PN (estimate early versus late PN –0.021 T/S-units, 95% CI −0.038; 0.004, P = 0.01). Other independent determinants of telomere length identified in this model were age, gender, baseline telomere length and fraction of neutrophils in the sample from which the DNA was extracted. Telomere shortening with early PN was independent of post-randomisation factors affected by early PN, including longer length of PICU stay, larger amounts of insulin and higher risk of infection. Conclusions Shorter than normal leukocyte telomeres are present in critically ill children admitted to the PICU. Early initiation of PN further shortened telomeres, an effect that was independent of other determinants. Whether such telomere-shortening predisposes to long-term consequences of paediatric critical illness should be further investigated in a prospective follow-up study. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01536275. Registered on 16 February 2012. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13054-018-1972-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Cohen-Manheim I, Doniger GM, Sinnreich R, Simon ES, Murad H, Pinchas-Mizrachi R, Kark JD. Body Mass Index, Height and Socioeconomic Position in Adolescence, Their Trajectories into Adulthood, and Cognitive Function in Midlife. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 55:1207-1221. [PMID: 27814299 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether life course anthropometric indices relate to cognitive function in midlife remains insufficiently explored. Rarely was socioeconomic position (SEP) adequately accounted for. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of the cumulative life course burden of high-ranked body mass index (BMI), its trajectory, and stature with cognitive function in midlife. METHODS Weight and height were measured from age 17 across a 33-year follow-up. 507 individuals completed a NeuroTrax computerized cognitive assessment at ages 48-52. Life course SEP was assessed by multiple methods. Using mixed models we calculated the area under the curve (AUC), representing both the life-course burden of BMI (total AUC) and trends in BMI (incremental AUC) from age 17 to midlife. The associations of BMI and height with global cognition and its five component domains were assessed by multiple regression. RESULTS Higher BMI in late adolescence and total AUC over the life course were associated with poorer global cognition (Standardized beta (Beta) = -0.111, p = 0.005 and Beta = -0.105, p = 0.018, respectively), adjusted for childhood and adulthood SEP, and demographic characteristics. The associations with higher adolescent and midlife BMI were both restricted to those with low childhood SEP (p < 0.05 for interaction). Short adolescent stature was related to poorer cognition (Beta = 0.115, p = 0.040), whereas late final growth in women was associated with better cognition (Beta = 0.213, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION An adverse association of higher BMI with cognitive function began in adolescence and was restricted to low childhood SEP. Taller stature in both sexes and late growth in women were associated with better midlife cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Cohen-Manheim
- Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Glen M Doniger
- Department of Clinical Research, NeuroTrax Corporation, Modiin, Israel.,Centre for Medical Decision Making, Ono Academic College, Kiryat Ono, Israel
| | - Ronit Sinnreich
- Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ely S Simon
- Department of Clinical Research, NeuroTrax Corporation, Modiin, Israel.,Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Havi Murad
- Biostatistics Unit, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ronit Pinchas-Mizrachi
- Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Vidacek NŠ, Nanic L, Ravlic S, Sopta M, Geric M, Gajski G, Garaj-Vrhovac V, Rubelj I. Telomeres, Nutrition, and Longevity: Can We Really Navigate Our Aging? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 73:39-47. [PMID: 28510637 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are dynamic chromosome-end structures that serve as guardians of genome stability. They are known to be one of the major determinants of aging and longevity in higher mammals. Studies have demonstrated a direct correlation between telomere length and life expectancy, stress, DNA damage, and onset of aging-related diseases. This review discusses the most important factors that influence our telomeres. Various genetic and environmental factors such as diet, physical activity, obesity, and stress are known to influence health and longevity as well as telomere dynamics. Individuals currently have the opportunity to modulate the dynamics of their aging and health span, monitor these processes, and even make future projections by following their telomere dynamics. As telomeres react to positive as well as negative health factors, we should be able to directly influence our telomere metabolism, slow their deterioration, and diminish our aging and perhaps extend our life and health span.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Nanic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ruder Boškovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanda Ravlic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ruder Boškovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mary Sopta
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ruder Boškovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Geric
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vera Garaj-Vrhovac
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Rubelj
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ruder Boškovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Chilton W, O'Brien B, Charchar F. Telomeres, Aging and Exercise: Guilty by Association? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2573. [PMID: 29186077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are repetitive tandem DNA sequences that cap chromosomal ends protecting genomic DNA from enzymatic degradation. Telomeres progressively shorten with cellular replication and are therefore assumed to correlate with biological and chronological age. An expanding body of evidence suggests (i) a predictable inverse association between telomere length, aging and age-related diseases and (ii) a positive association between physical activity and telomere length. Both hypotheses have garnered tremendous research attention and broad consensus; however, the evidence for each proposition is inconsistent and equivocal at best. Telomere length does not meet the basic criteria for an aging biomarker and at least 50% of key studies fail to find associations with physical activity. In this review, we address the evidence in support and refutation of the putative associations between telomere length, aging and physical activity. We finish with a brief review of plausible mechanisms and potential future research directions.
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Yeates AJ, Thurston SW, Li H, Mulhern MS, McSorley EM, Watson GE, Shamlaye CF, Strain JJ, Myers GJ, Davidson PW, van Wijngaarden E, Broberg K. PUFA Status and Methylmercury Exposure Are Not Associated with Leukocyte Telomere Length in Mothers or Their Children in the Seychelles Child Development Study. J Nutr 2017; 147:2018-2024. [PMID: 28978678 PMCID: PMC5657138 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.253021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Leukocyte telomere length (TL) is associated with age-related diseases and early mortality, but there is a lack of data on the determinants of TL in early life. Evidence suggests that dietary intake of marine n-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is protective of telomere attrition, yet the effect of methylmercury exposure, also found in fish, on TL is unknown.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between prenatal PUFA status, methylmercury exposure, and TL in mothers and children in the SCDS (Seychelles Child Development Study), for whom fish consumption is high.Methods: Blood samples collected from 229 mothers (at 28 wk gestation and delivery) and children (at 5 y of age) in the SCDS first nutrition cohort were analyzed for PUFA concentrations. Prenatal mercury was measured in maternal hair collected at delivery. Postnatal mercury was also measured in children's hair samples with the use of a cumulative metric derived from values obtained at 3-5 y of age. Relative TL was measured in blood obtained from mothers at delivery, in cord blood, and in children at 5 y of age by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Linear regression models were used to investigate the associations between PUFA status, methylmercury exposure, and TL.Results: Neither prenatal PUFA status or methylmercury exposure was associated with TL of the mother or child or with TL attrition rate. However, a higher prenatal n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio was significantly associated with longer TLs in the mothers (β = 0.001, P = 0.048). Child PUFA status and methylmercury exposure were not associated with child TL. However, higher family Hollingshead socioeconomic status (SES) scores at 9 mo of age were significantly associated with longer TLs in cord blood (β = 0.005, P = 0.03).Conclusions: We found no evidence that PUFA status or methylmercury exposure are determinants of TL in either the mother or child. However, our results support the hypothesis that family SES may be associated with child TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J Yeates
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom;
| | - Sally W Thurston
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Huiqi Li
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria S Mulhern
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Emeir M McSorley
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Gene E Watson
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Conrad F Shamlaye
- The Child Development Centre, Ministry of Health, Mahé, Republic of Seychelles, Seychelles; and
| | - JJ Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Gary J Myers
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Philip W Davidson
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | | | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Gokarn R, Solon-Biet S, Youngson NA, Wahl D, Cogger VC, McMahon AC, Cooney GJ, Ballard JWO, Raubenheimer D, Morris MJ, Simpson SJ, Le Couteur DG. The Relationship Between Dietary Macronutrients and Hepatic Telomere Length in Aging Mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 73:446-449. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Gokarn
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Aging and Alzheimers Institute (AAAI), Centre for Education and Research on Ageing (CERA), and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samantha Solon-Biet
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Aging and Alzheimers Institute (AAAI), Centre for Education and Research on Ageing (CERA), and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Neil A Youngson
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Devin Wahl
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Aging and Alzheimers Institute (AAAI), Centre for Education and Research on Ageing (CERA), and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Victoria C Cogger
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Aging and Alzheimers Institute (AAAI), Centre for Education and Research on Ageing (CERA), and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aisling C McMahon
- Aging and Alzheimers Institute (AAAI), Centre for Education and Research on Ageing (CERA), and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gregory J Cooney
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J William O Ballard
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Margaret J Morris
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David G Le Couteur
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Aging and Alzheimers Institute (AAAI), Centre for Education and Research on Ageing (CERA), and ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
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Prasad KN, Wu M, Bondy SC. Telomere shortening during aging: Attenuation by antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 164:61-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gong Y, Tian G, Xue H, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Cheng G. Higher adherence to the 'vegetable-rich' dietary pattern is related to longer telomere length in women. Clin Nutr 2018; 37:1232-7. [PMID: 28673689 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Increasing evidence suggests a role of nutrition in aging process measured by telomere length (TL). However, data from Chinese are scarce. Moreover, the potential mechanism underlying diet and aging is not clear. Although inflammation has been hypothesized as one of the main factors, direct evidence is lacking. We examined whether dietary patterns were associated with TL in Chinese adults, with particular attention paid to body fat (excessive accumulation of body fat is a state of high-systematic oxidative stress and inflammation) and C-reactive protein (CRP, a marker of inflammation). METHODS Principal components analysis was used to identify dietary patterns from a 66-item food frequency questionnaire. TL was measured by Southern blots-based assay (Telomere restriction fragments, TRF). Data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, anthropometry and metabolism were collected. Multivariate linear regressions were performed in 553 Chinese adults (50.8% men) aged 25-65 years. RESULTS Four main dietary patterns were identified. After adjustment for potential confounders, only the 'vegetable-rich' pattern characterized by higher intake of fruits, whole grains, various vegetable groups, dairy products, nuts, eggs and tea, was positively related to TL in women (β = 160.81, P for trend <0.05). The strength of this relation was almost identical with further adjustment for body fat (β = 160.50, P for trend <0.05), but was attenuated slightly with additional adjustment for CRP (β = 152.02, P for trend <0.05). No significant relations were observed in men between dietary patterns and TL. CONCLUSIONS Chinese women with higher adherence to 'vegetable-rich' dietary pattern have a longer TL. This relation was partially explained by CRP but not by body fat.
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41
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Nettle D, Bateson M. Detecting telomere elongation in longitudinal datasets: analysis of a proposal by Simons, Stulp and Nakagawa. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3265. [PMID: 28462056 PMCID: PMC5410151 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere shortening has emerged as an important biomarker of aging. Longitudinal studies consistently find that, although telomere length shortens over time on average, there is a subset of individuals for whom telomere length is observed to increase. This apparent lengthening could either be a genuine biological phenomenon, or simply due to measurement and sampling error. Simons, Stulp & Nakagawa (2014) recently proposed a statistical test for detecting when the amount of apparent lengthening in a dataset exceeds that which should be expected due to error, and thus indicating that genuine elongation may be operative in some individuals. However, the test is based on a restrictive assumption, namely that each individual’s true rate of telomere change is constant over time. It is not currently known whether this assumption is true. Here we show, using simulated datasets, that with perfect measurement and large sample size, the test has high power to detect true lengthening as long as the true rate of change is either constant, or moderately stable, over time. If the true rate of change varies randomly from year to year, the test systematically returns type-II errors (false negatives; that is, failures to detect lengthening even when a substantial fraction of the population truly lengthens each year). We also consider the impact of measurement error. Using estimates of the magnitude of annual attrition and of measurement error derived from the human telomere literature, we show that power of the test is likely to be low in several empirically-realistic scenarios, even in large samples. Thus, whilst a significant result of the proposed test is likely to indicate that true lengthening is present in a data set, type-II errors are a likely outcome, either if measurement error is substantial, and/or the true rate of telomere change varies substantially over time within individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nettle
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution & Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Bateson
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution & Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
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42
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Abstract
Longitudinal studies of human leucocyte telomere length often report a percentage of individuals whose telomeres appear to lengthen. However, based on theoretical considerations and empirical data, Steenstrup et al. (Nucleic Acids Research, 2013, vol 41(13): e131) concluded that this lengthening is unlikely to be a real biological phenomenon and is more likely to be an artefact of measurement error. We dispute the logic underlying this claim. We argue that Steenstrup et al.'s analysis is incomplete because it failed to compare predictions derived from assuming a scenario with no true telomere lengthening with alternative scenarios in which true lengthening occurs. To address this deficit, we built a computational model of telomere dynamics that allowed us to compare the predicted percentage of observed telomere length gainers given differing assumptions about measurement error and the true underling dynamics. We modelled a set of scenarios, all assuming measurement error, but both with and without true telomere lengthening. We found a range of scenarios assuming some true telomere lengthening that yielded either similar or better quantitative fits to the empirical data on the percentage of individuals showing apparent telomere lengthening. We conclude that although measurement error contributes to the prevalence of apparent telomere lengthening, Steenstrup et al.'s conclusion was too strong, and current data do not allow us to reject the hypothesis that true telomere lengthening is a real biological phenomenon in epidemiological studies. Our analyses highlight the need for process‐level models in the analysis of telomere dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bateson
- Institute of Neuroscience; Newcastle University; Henry Wellcome Building, Framlington Place Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH UK
| | - Daniel Nettle
- Institute of Neuroscience; Newcastle University; Henry Wellcome Building, Framlington Place Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH UK
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Beilfuss J, Camargo CA, Kamycheva E. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Has a Modest Positive Association with Leukocyte Telomere Length in Middle-Aged US Adults. J Nutr 2017; 147:514-520. [PMID: 28179486 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.244137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to all-cause mortality and cancer. However, the biological plausibility of these associations is not well established. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) shortening is associated with aging and is a hallmark of genomic instability and carcinogenesis.Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and LTL in the general US population.Methods: We analyzed data from the US NHANES 2001-2002. The study population comprised 1542 younger adults (aged 20-39 y), 1336 middle-aged adults (aged 40-59 y), and 1382 older adults (aged ≥60 y). LTL was measured by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations ≥50 nmol/L were considered optimal. Linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), total energy and sugar intakes, calcium intake, socioeconomic status, milk and dietary supplement consumption, and physical activity, was applied to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D and LTL.Results: In the total population, age, sex, BMI, and non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity were significant predictors of LTL. In the participants aged 40-59 y, an increment in serum 25(OH)D of 10 nmol/L was associated with a 0.03- ± 0.01-kbp longer LTL, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and other factors (P = 0.001). In the same age group, 25(OH)D concentrations ≥50 nmol/L were associated with a 0.13- ± 0.04-kbp longer LTL than those for 25(OH)D concentrations <50 nmol/L (P = 0.01). The association was independent of age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, and other factors.Conclusions: In a nationally representative population of adults, serum 25(OH)D was positively associated with LTL in middle-aged participants (aged 40-59 y), independently of other factors. These findings suggest that decreased 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with genomic instability, although the clinical impact of this observation remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Beilfuss
- Endocrine Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsoe-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsoe, Norway.,Medical Clinic, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsoe, Norway
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Elena Kamycheva
- Endocrine Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsoe-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsoe, Norway; .,Medical Clinic, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsoe, Norway.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
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Steenstrup T, Kark JD, Verhulst S, Thinggaard M, Hjelmborg JVB, Dalgård C, Kyvik KO, Christiansen L, Mangino M, Spector TD, Petersen I, Kimura M, Benetos A, Labat C, Sinnreich R, Hwang SJ, Levy D, Hunt SC, Fitzpatrick AL, Chen W, Berenson GS, Barbieri M, Paolisso G, Gadalla SM, Savage SA, Christensen K, Yashin AI, Arbeev KG, Aviv A. Telomeres and the natural lifespan limit in humans. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:1130-1142. [PMID: 28394764 PMCID: PMC5425118 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An ongoing debate in demography has focused on whether the human lifespan has a maximal natural limit. Taking a mechanistic perspective, and knowing that short telomeres are associated with diminished longevity, we examined whether telomere length dynamics during adult life could set a maximal natural lifespan limit. We define leukocyte telomere length of 5 kb as the 'telomeric brink', which denotes a high risk of imminent death. We show that a subset of adults may reach the telomeric brink within the current life expectancy and more so for a 100-year life expectancy. Thus, secular trends in life expectancy should confront a biological limit due to crossing the telomeric brink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troels Steenstrup
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Jeremy D. Kark
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Simon Verhulst
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mikael Thinggaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5220, Denmark
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Jacob V. B. Hjelmborg
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
- The Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5220, Denmark
| | - Christine Dalgård
- Department of Public Health, Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Ohm Kyvik
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark and Odense Patient Data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lene Christiansen
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
- The Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5220, Denmark
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
- NIHI Biomedical Research Center at Guy’s and St Thomas Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Timothy D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Inge Petersen
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Masayuki Kimura
- Center of Human Development and Aging, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Athanase Benetos
- Department of Geriatrics, University Hospital of Nancy, F54500, France
- INSERM, U1116, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, F54500, France
- Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F54000, France
| | - Carlos Labat
- INSERM, U1116, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, F54500, France
- Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F54000, France
| | - Ronit Sinnreich
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Population Sciences Branch of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD and the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD and the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Steven C. Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA
| | | | - Wei Chen
- Center for Cardiovascular Health, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 07118, USA
| | - Gerald S. Berenson
- Center for Cardiovascular Health, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 07118, USA
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Medical, Surgery, Neurologic, Metabolic and Aging Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvtelli” 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgery, Neurologic, Metabolic and Aging Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvtelli” 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Shahinaz M. Gadalla
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20890, USA
| | - Sharon A. Savage
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20890, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5220, Denmark
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
- The Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5220, Denmark
| | - Anatoliy I. Yashin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Konstantin G. Arbeev
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Abraham Aviv
- Center of Human Development and Aging, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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Abstract
Modern humans, the longest-living terrestrial mammals, display short telomeres and repressed telomerase activity in somatic tissues compared with most short-living small mammals. The dual trait of short telomeres and repressed telomerase might render humans relatively resistant to cancer compared with short-living small mammals. However, the trade-off for cancer resistance is ostensibly increased age-related degenerative diseases, principally in the form of atherosclerosis. In this communication, we discuss (a) the genetics of human telomere length, a highly heritable complex trait that is influenced by genetic ancestry, sex, and paternal age at conception, (b) how cancer might have played a role in the evolution of telomere biology across mammals, (c) evidence that in modern humans telomere length is a determinant (rather than only a biomarker) of cancer and atherosclerosis, and (d) the potential influence of relatively recent evolutionary forces in fashioning the variation in telomere length across and within populations, and their likely lasting impact on major diseases in humans. Finally, we propose venues for future research on human telomere genetics in the context of its potential role in shaping the modern human lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivka C. Stone
- The Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Kent Horvath
- The Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jeremy D. Kark
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University–Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ezra Susser
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Sarah A. Tishkoff
- Department of Genetics, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Abraham Aviv
- The Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
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Cohen-Manheim I, Pinchas-Mizrachi R, Doniger GM, Simon ES, Sinnreich R, Kark JD. Measures of carotid atherosclerosis and cognitive function in midlife: The Jerusalem LRC longitudinal study. Intelligence 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zhou M, Zhu L, Cui X, Feng L, Zhao X, He S, Ping F, Li W, Li Y. Influence of diet on leukocyte telomere length, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with varied glucose tolerance: a Chinese population study. Nutr J 2016; 15:39. [PMID: 27071648 PMCID: PMC4830058 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To explore influence of carbohydrates/fat proportions, dietary ingredients on telomere length shortening, oxidative stress and inflammation in a Chinese population with different glucose tolerance status. Methods Five hundred and fifty-six Chinese subjects without diabetes history underwent a 75 g, 2 h Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Subjects with diabetes (n = 159), pre-diabetes (n = 197), and normal glucose tolerance (n = 200) were screened. Dietary intakes were evaluated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length (LTL) was assessed using a real-time PCR assay. Blood lipid profile, levels of the oxidative stress indicators superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) and inflammation indicators tumor necrosis factor (TNF-ɑ), interleukine-6 (IL-6) were measured. Levels of HbA1c, plasma glucose, insulin, and C peptide were also determined. Measurements were taken at 0 min, 30 min, 60 min, and 120 min after 75 g OGTT. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by HOMA-IR. Basal insulin secretion index (HOMA-β), early phase disposition index (DI30) and total phase disposition index (DI120) indicate insulin levels at different phases of insulin secretion. Results In patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, LTL adjusted by age was longer in HbA1c < 7 % group (log (LTL):1.93 ± 0.25) than in HbA1c ≥ 7 % group (log (LTL):1.82 ± 0.29). LTL was not associated with daily energy intake, diet fat, carbohydrates and protein proportions. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that legumes, nuts, fish and seaweeds were protective factors for LTL shortening, and sweetened carbonated beverage was a risk factor for LTL shortening ( legumes: β = 0.105, p = 0.018; nuts: β = 0.110, p = 0.011; fish: β = 0.118, p = 0.007; seaweeds: β = 0.116, p = 0.009; sweetened carbonated beverage: β = −0.120, p = 0.004 ). Daily energy intake was positively associated with TNF-ɑ, IL-6 (TNF-ɑ: r = 0.125, p = 0.006;IL-6: r = 0.092, p = 0.04). Fat, carbohydrate proportions were positively associated with TNF-ɑ (fat: r = 0.119, p = 0.008 ; carbohydrate: r = 0.094, p = 0.043). Seaweeds and dairy intake were negatively associated with 8-oxo-dG (seaweed: r = −0.496, p = 0.001;dairy: r = −0.246, p = 0.046 ), vegetables and fruits were positively associated with GR ( vegetables: r = 0.101, p = 0.034;fruits: r = 0.125, p = 0.045). Cereal, meat were positively associated with TNF-ɑ ( cereal: r = 0.091, p = 0.048 ; meat: r = 0.405, p = 0.009). Conclusion Diabetes patients with better plasma glucose (HbA1c < 7 %) had longer LTL, LTL could reflect plasma glucose status in diabetes patients. LTL were probably not influenced by diet carbohydrates/fat proportions but was associated with diet ingredients. Diet ingredients significantly impacted on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, which probably had an effect on LTL. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12937-016-0157-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meicen Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinoly, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Nankou Community Health Service Centers, Changping District, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Xiangli Cui
- Nankou Community Health Service Centers, Changping District, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Linbo Feng
- Nankou Railway Hospital, Changping District, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhao
- Nankou Railway Hospital, Changping District, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Shuli He
- Department of Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fan Ping
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinoly, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinoly, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yuxiu Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinoly, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Freitas-Simoes TM, Ros E, Sala-Vila A. Nutrients, foods, dietary patterns and telomere length: Update of epidemiological studies and randomized trials. Metabolism 2016; 65:406-15. [PMID: 26975532 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Identifying simple strategies to prevent or delay age-associated pathologies is a major public health concern. Attrition of telomeres, chromatin structures that help maintain genome stability, leads to cell death or senescence. Thus telomere length is a reliable hallmark of biological aging and the risk of developing age-related chronic diseases through common oxidation and inflammation mechanisms. Variability in telomere shortening that is independent of chronological age suggests that it is a modifiable factor, which may be explained in part by lifestyle variables such as smoking, adiposity, physical exercise, and diet. Here we summarize data from published studies focused on nutrition (nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns) and telomere length. Research on the topic is incipient and most data comes from epidemiologic studies, often cross-sectional in design. Consistent with well-known evidence of benefit or harm for chronic age-related diseases, dietary antioxidants and consumption of antioxidant-rich, plant-derived foods help maintain telomere length. In contrast, total and saturated fat intake and consumption of refined flour cereals, meat and meat products, and sugar-sweetened beverages relate to shorter telomeres. Data on alcohol and dairy products is controversial. There is evidence that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with longer telomeres. Randomized clinical trials are limited to seafood-derived long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, with promising results. To fill the many gaps in our knowledge of the aging process and confirm nutrition as a useful tool to counteract biological aging more research is warranted, particularly observational studies using repeated measurements of telomere length and randomized trials of foods and dietary patterns with sequential telomere analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania-Marisa Freitas-Simoes
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
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Cohen-Manheim I, Doniger GM, Sinnreich R, Simon ES, Pinchas R, Aviv A, Kark JD. Increased attrition of leukocyte telomere length in young adults is associated with poorer cognitive function in midlife. Eur J Epidemiol 2016; 31:147-57. [PMID: 26076919 PMCID: PMC4819924 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-015-0051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for an association of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) with cognitive function, predominantly in older adults, is inconsistent. No report has examined the association of LTL dynamics (age-specific LTL and its attrition rate) with cognitive function. We aimed to examine the association of LTL dynamics over 13 years in young adulthood with cognitive function in midlife. 497 individuals who had LTL measured at ages 28-32 and 41-46 years were assessed at ages 48-52 for global cognitive function and its five specific component domains with a NeuroTrax computerized test battery. Multivariable regression and logistic models were applied for cognition treated as a continuous and categorical variable, respectively. We found that LTL attrition (adjusted for sex, baseline LTL and potential confounders including socioeconomic variables) was inversely associated with global cognition (standardized β = -.119, p = .004) and its component domains: information processing speed (β = -.102, p = .024), visual-spatial function (β = -.102, p = .017) and memory (β = -.093, p = .045), but less so for the attention and executive domains. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for low global cognition comparing the upper versus lower thirds of LTL attrition was 2.12 (95 % CI 1.11-4.08, p for trend = .023). There was no association of baseline or follow-up LTL with cognition. No effect modification was evident for sex, smoking or inflammatory markers. In conclusion, faster LTL attrition in young adulthood was associated with poorer global and domain-specific cognitive function in midlife, suggesting that more rapid LTL attrition may be predictive of cognitive aging in healthy young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Cohen-Manheim
- Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Glen Michael Doniger
- Department of Clinical Science, NeuroTrax Corporation, Bellaire, TX, USA
- Center for Medical Decision Making, Ono Academic College, Kiryat Ono, Israel
| | - Ronit Sinnreich
- Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ely Samuel Simon
- Department of Clinical Science, NeuroTrax Corporation, Bellaire, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ronit Pinchas
- Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abraham Aviv
- Center of Human Development and Aging, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jeremy David Kark
- Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
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Bethancourt HJ, Kratz M, Beresford SAA, Hayes MG, Kuzawa CW, Duazo PL, Borja JB, Eisenberg DTA. No association between blood telomere length and longitudinally assessed diet or adiposity in a young adult Filipino population. Eur J Nutr 2015; 56:295-308. [PMID: 26497538 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Telomeres, DNA-protein structures that cap and protect chromosomes, are thought to shorten more rapidly when exposed to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Diet and nutritional status may be a source of inflammation and oxidative stress. However, relationships between telomere length (TL) and diet or adiposity have primarily been studied cross-sectionally among older, overweight/obese populations and yielded inconsistent results. Little is known about the relationship between diet or body composition and TL among younger, low- to normal-weight populations. It also remains unclear how cumulative exposure to a specific diet or body composition during the years of growth and development, when telomere attrition is most rapid, may be related to TL in adulthood. METHODS In a sample of 1459 young adult Filipinos, we assessed the relationship between blood TL at ages 20.8-22.5 and measures of BMI z-score, waist circumference, and diet collected between the ages of 8.5 and 22.5. TL was measured using monochrome multiplex quantitative PCR, and diet was measured using multiple 24-h recalls. RESULTS We found no associations between blood TL and any of the measures of adiposity or between blood TL and the seven dietary factors examined: processed meats, fried/grilled meats and fish, non-fried fish, coconut oil, fruits and vegetables, bread and bread products, and sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSIONS Considering the inconsistencies in the literature and our null results, small differences in body composition and consumption of any single pro- or anti-inflammatory dietary component may not by themselves have a meaningful impact on telomere integrity, or the impact may differ across distinct ecological circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary J Bethancourt
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Mario Kratz
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shirley A A Beresford
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher W Kuzawa
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Paulita L Duazo
- Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Judith B Borja
- Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Daniel T A Eisenberg
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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