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Sävenstrand H, Olofsson M, Samuelsson M, Strid A. Induction of early light-inducible protein gene expression in Pisum sativum after exposure to low levels of UV-B irradiation and other environmental stresses. Plant Cell Rep 2004; 22:532-6. [PMID: 14663627 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-003-0743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2003] [Revised: 10/23/2003] [Accepted: 11/10/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants are constantly subjected to environmental changes and have developed various defence mechanisms to facilitate their continued existence. Pisum sativum plants were exposed to low levels of UV-B radiation and ELIP (early light-inducible proteins) mRNA, with a probable protective function, was rapidly and strongly induced during this type of stress. To our knowledge, this is the only photosynthetic gene that is up-regulated following exposure to UV-B, and this result has to be compared with studies predominantly reporting down-regulation by UV-B of genes encoding proteins localised in the plastid. The expression pattern of ELIP mRNA in pea was also investigated during salt, wounding and ozone stress. The transcript levels of ELIP were induced after the salt and wounding treatments but not during ozone fumigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sävenstrand
- Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Göteborg University, P.O. Box 462, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
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2
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Abstract
Low dose UV-B radiation (UV-B(BE,300) = 0.1 W m(-2)), but neither UV-A radiation, ozone and NaCl stress, nor wounding, caused tendril coiling in Pisum sativum. This coiling occurred with both attached and detached tendrils and can be used as a specific UV-B stress marker in pea.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brosché
- Biokemi och Biofysik, Institutionen för kemi, Göteborgs Universitet, Sweden
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3
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Brosché M, Fant C, Bergkvist SW, Strid H, Svensk A, Olsson O, Strid A. Molecular markers for UV-B stress in plants: alteration of the expression of four classes of genes in Pisum sativum and the formation of high molecular mass RNA adducts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1447:185-98. [PMID: 10542315 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen ultraviolet-B radiation-regulated pea genes were identified. Functionally, the corresponding proteins were divided into four groups. (i) Chloroplast-localized proteins. Genes for these proteins were down-regulated, underlining the deleterious effects of UV-B on this organelle. A novel down-regulated photosystem I light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein gene (PsLhcA4), was cloned and sequenced. (ii) Protein turnover enzymes. Levels of mature mRNAs for the PU1 and PsUBC4 genes, encoding proteins of the ubiquitin protein degradation pathway, were up- and down-regulated, respectively, implying alteration of plant cell protein content by changes in both gene expression and protein degradation. (iii) Proteins involved in intracellular signalling. Expression of genes for small GTPases, rab and rho homologues, were altered. (iv) Phenylpropanoid or flavonoid biosynthesis. Expression of three genes encoding enzymes in these pathways were up-regulated and one of them, the novel PsC450R1, was cloned and sequenced. Moreover, unexpected high molecular mass psbA RNA adducts were found to appear after UV-B exposure. In addition, a large increase in corresponding high molecular mass adducts were also found for PsLhcA4, and PsUBC4 mRNA and 23S rRNA. These RNA species do not contain protein and probably appear due to cross-linking of two or more RNA molecules, or are the result of UV-B-induced failure of transcription termination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brosché
- Avdelningen för Biokemi och Biofysik, Institutionen för Kemi, Göteborgs Universitet, P.O. Box 462, S-405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
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4
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Brosché M, Strid A. Cloning, expression, and molecular characterization of a small pea gene family regulated by low levels of ultraviolet B radiation and other stresses. Plant Physiol 1999; 121:479-87. [PMID: 10517839 PMCID: PMC59410 DOI: 10.1104/pp.121.2.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/1999] [Accepted: 07/01/1999] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A pea (Pisum sativum) DNA fragment (termed MB3) was isolated by differential display of cDNAs obtained from total leaf RNA of ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation-treated plants. Longer cDNAs were cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends in the 3' to 5' direction. Three different, but very similar, cDNAs were cloned, sadA, sadB, and sadC, the major difference between them being a 36-bp deletion in the coding region of sadB. Southern blotting confirmed the occurrence of at least three genes in the pea genome. Database comparisons of the SAD protein sequences revealed high identity (46%) and similarity (77%) with a putative tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase. Very low levels of UV-B radiation (the biologically effective radiation normalized to 300 nm = 0.08 W m(-2)) was shown to up-regulate expression, a dose considerably lower than that needed to induce expression of the well-known UV-B defensive chalcone synthase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase genes. RNase protection assay revealed that primarily sadA and sadC mRNA accumulation was enhanced by UV-B. In addition to UV-B irradiation, ozone fumigation, wounding, aluminum stress, and salt stress induced increased transcript levels of the sad genes in pea.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brosché
- Biokemi och Biofysik, Göteborgs Universitet, P.O. Box 462, S-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
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Brosché M, Strid A. The mRNA-binding ribosomal protein S26 as a molecular marker in plants: molecular cloning, sequencing and differential gene expression during environmental stress. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1445:342-4. [PMID: 10366718 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One condition for using a gene as a transcriptional marker for environmental stress is its specific and differential expression. In order to be used as such a marker, the ribosomal protein S26 cDNA from pea (Pisum sativum L.) was cloned and fully sequenced. The gene (PsRPS26) was shown to be differentially regulated by ozone and UV-B radiation in opposite ways. Ozone gave rise to increased mRNA levels, whereas UV-B led to a decrease in S26 transcript abundance. Thus, the expression of PsRPS26 can be used as a molecular marker to differentiate between these two environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brosché
- Biokemi och Biofysik, Göteborgs Universitet, P.O. Box 462, SE-40530, Göteborg, Sweden
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6
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Brosché M, Kalbina I, Arnfelt M, Benito G, Karlsson BG, Strid A. Occurrence, overexpression and partial purification of the protein (majastridin) corresponding to the URF6 gene of the Rhodobacter blasticus atp operon. Eur J Biochem 1998; 255:87-92. [PMID: 9692905 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2550087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies were produced against two antigenic peptides of a protein, which was named majastridin, corresponding to the URF6 gene of the Rhodobacter blasticus atp operon [Tybulewicz, V. L. J., Falk, G. & Walker, J. E. (1984) J. Mol. Biol. 179, 185-214]. A protein band of the expected size is labelled by immunoblotting in Western blots containing the cytosolic fractions from Rb. blasticus and Paracoccus denitrificans but not from Escherichia coli or Rhodospirillum rubrum. Although the protein is present during the entire life cycle of a Rb. blasticus culture, it is most abundant early during the stationary phase. Plasmid constructs of the URF6 gene for overexpression in E. coli were made. These constructs were designed to obtain proteins both with and without His-tagging. In both cases, a protein product was visible in induced cells. The His-tagged protein was purified to 85% on a Ni column and, further, to at least 95% by anion-exchange chromatography. By N-terminal sequencing of the His-tagged protein, its identity was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brosché
- Biokemi och biofysik, Institutionen för kemi, Göteborgs universitet och Chalmers tekniska högskola, Sweden
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Kalbin G, Ohlsson AB, Berglund T, Rydström J, Strid A. Ultraviolet-B-radiation-induced changes in nicotinamide and glutathione metabolism and gene expression in plants. Eur J Biochem 1997; 249:465-72. [PMID: 9370355 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Greenfeast) plants were exposed to supplementary ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation (biologically effective dose rates normalised to 300 nm, UV-B[BE,300]: 0.18, 0.32 or 1.4 W m[-2]). Leaf nicotinamide, trigonelline, GSHtot (total glutathione) and GSSG (oxidised glutathione) levels remained unchanged after exposure to the lowest dose rates. 1.4 W m(-2) UV-B(BE,300) gave rise to 60-fold and 4.5-fold increases in GSSG and GSHtot, respectively. 3.5-fold and 9.5-fold increases were found in nicotinamide and trigonelline, respectively. cab (Chlorophyll-a/b-binding protein) transcript levels decreased and CHS (chalcone synthase) and PAL (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) mRNA increased after shorter UV-B exposures (hours) to the higher dose rate of UV-B, and after exposure to the intermediate dose rate. CHS and PAL mRNAs also increased after prolonged exposure to the lowest dose rate. cab transcripts completely disappeared, whereas CHS and PAL mRNA levels rose by 60-fold and 17-fold, respectively, after 12 h exposure at the highest dose rate and 12 h of development. Our results indicate that nicotinamide or trigonelline do not function as signalling compounds for CHS and PAL gene expression. Elevated nicotinamide and trigonelline levels occur in response to UV-B, but only at UV-B doses high enough to cause oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalbin
- Institutionen för biokemi och biofysik, Göteborgs universitet, Lundberglaboratoriet, Sweden
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8
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Baltscheffsky M, Brosché M, Hultman T, Lundvik L, Nyrén P, Sakai-Nore Y, Severin A, Strid A. A 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase gene in the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum. Biochim Biophys Acta 1997; 1337:113-22. [PMID: 9003443 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4838(96)00158-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A 1.2 kb long DNA segment from Rhodospirillum rubrum has been sequenced (EMBL/GenBank accession number: U41280). This DNA segment includes the first sequenced gene for a putative 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) lyase, termed hmgL, from a photosynthetic organism. The sequenced segment also contains a ribosome-binding site and two clusters of possible-35 and -10 promotor sequences preceding the hmgL gene. Translation of the gene would yield a 303 amino-acid-long protein with a calculated molecular weight of 31.1 kDa. This protein shows 55-60% identity and approx. 75% similarity, including conservative substitutions, with the three eukaryotic and the single prokaryotic HMG-CoA lyases which previously have been sequenced. The R. rubrum enzyme showed stronger homology to the chicken HMG-CoA lyase than to the other bacterial protein. Significant sequence similarity was also found with homocitrate synthases from nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes. In contrast to the other sequenced prokaryotic HMG-CoA lyase (from Pseudomonas mevalonii), the R. rubrum hmgL does not seem to appear in an operon together with a HMG-CoA reductase. The hmgL gene was transcribed in photosynthetically grown cells as judged by amplification of cDNAs synthesised from DNA-free total RNA. In addition, HMG-CoA lyase activity was found in R. rubrum cells grown anaerobically in the light with leucine as the carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Baltscheffsky
- Institutionen för biokemi, Arrheniuslaboratorierna för naturvetenskap, Stockholms universitet, Sweden
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Berglund T, Kalbin G, Strid A, Rydström J, Ohlsson AB. UV-B- and oxidative stress-induced increase in nicotinamide and trigonelline and inhibition of defensive metabolism induction by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitor in plant tissue. FEBS Lett 1996; 380:188-93. [PMID: 8603735 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide and trigonelline contents increased in Catharanthus roseus tissue culture after exposure to 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) or vanadylsulfate and in Pisum sativum leaves after exposure to UV-B radiation. Vanadylsulfate increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and the content of reduced and oxidized gluthathione in C. roseus tissue culture. The increases in PAL activity caused by 2 mM AAPH or 0.2mM vanadylsulfate were prevented by 0.1 mM 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase. Present results support the hypothesis [Berglund, T., FEBS Lett. (1994) 351, 145-149] that nicotinamide and/or its metabolites may function as signal transmittors in the response to oxidative stress in plants and that poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase has a function in the induction of defensive metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Berglund
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Strid A, Chow WS, Anderson JM. UV-B damage and protection at the molecular level in plants. Photosynth Res 1994; 39:475-89. [PMID: 24311138 DOI: 10.1007/bf00014600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/1993] [Accepted: 09/08/1993] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Influx of solar UV-B radiation (280-320 nm) will probably increase in the future due to depletion of stratospheric ozone. In plants, there are several targets for the deleterious UV-B radiation, especially the chloroplast. This review summarizes the early effects and responses of low doses of UV-B at the molecular level. The DNA molecules of the plant cells are damaged by UV due to the formation of different photoproducts, such as pyrimidine dimers, which in turn can be combatted by specialized photoreactivating enzyme systems. In the chloroplast, the integrity of the thylakoid membrane seems to be much more sensitive than the activities of the photosynthetic components bound within. However, the decrease of mRNA transcripts for the photosynthetic complexes and other chloroplast proteins are among very early events of UV-B damage, as well as protein synthesis. Other genes, encoding defence-related enzymes, e.g., of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, are rapidly up-regulated after commencement of UV-B exposure. Some of the cis-acting nucleotide elements and trans-acting protein factors needed to regulate the UV-induced expression of the parsley chalcone synthase gene are known.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Strid
- CSIRO Division of Plant Industry and Cooperative Research Centre for Plant Science, GPO Box 1600, 2601, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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11
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Nyrén P, Sakai-Nore Y, Strid A. Amino acid sequence similarities between the vacuolar proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatase and the c-subunit of F0F1-ATPases. Plant Cell Physiol 1993; 34:375-378. [PMID: 8199778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Comparison of the Arabidopsis thaliana vacuolar proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatase with three F0F1-ATPase c-subunits revealed a strong similarity between a stretch containing amino acids 227-245 of the H(+)-PPase and a transmembrane alpha-helix of the c-subunits which contains the glutamate which binds N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nyrén
- Institutionen för Biokemi och Biokemisk teknologi, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Abstract
The cab and psb A RNA transcript levels have been determined in Pisum sativum leaves exposed to supplementary ultraviolet-B radiation. The nuclear-encoded cab transcripts are reduced to low levels after only 4 h of UV-B treatment and are undetectable after 3 days exposure. In contrast, the chloroplast-encoded psb A transcript levels, although reduced, are present for at least 3 days. After short periods of UV-B exposure (4 h or 8 h), followed by recovery under control conditions, cab RNA transcript levels had not recovered after 1 day, but were re-established to ca. 60% of control levels after 2 more days. Increased irradiance during exposure to UV-B reduced the effect upon cab transcripts, although the decrease was still substantial. These results indicate rapid changes in the cellular regulation of gene expression in response to supplementary UV-B and suggest increased UV-B radiation may have profound consequences for future productivity of sensitive crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Jordan
- CSIRO, Division of Plant Industry, Canberra ACT, Australia
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Nyrén P, Nore BF, Strid A. Proton-pumping N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-sensitive inorganic pyrophosphate synthase from Rhodospirillum rubrum: purification, characterization, and reconstitution. Biochemistry 1991; 30:2883-7. [PMID: 1848779 DOI: 10.1021/bi00225a022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A new method has been developed for the isolation of the proton-pumping N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-sensitive PPi synthase (H(+)-PPi synthase) from chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum. The H(+)-PPi synthase was purified by extraction of chromatophores with a mixture of nonanoyl-N-methylglucamide and cholate, by fractionation with poly(ethylene glycol) 4000, hydroxyapatite chromatography, and affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme is homogeneous and has a specific activity of 20.4 mumol of PPi hydrolyzed min-1 mg-1 at pH 7.5 and 20 degrees C. The hydrolytic activity of the enzyme was stimulated by addition of phospholipids and Triton X-100. Of the lipids tested, cardiolipin proved to have the maximal activating effect. Reconstitution of the H(+)-PPi synthase by the freeze-thaw technique yielded an uncoupler-stimulated and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-sensitive PPi hydrolytic activity. The subunit composition of the purified H(+)-PPi synthase was investigated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. One band was obtained after silver staining with an apparent molecular weight of 56,000. The oligomeric structure of the H(+)-PPi synthase is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nyrén
- Institutionen för Biokemi och Biokemisk teknologi, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, Stockholm, Sweden
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Nore BF, Nyrén P, Salih GF, Strid A. Photosynthetic formation of inorganic pyrophosphate in phototrophic bacteria. Photosynth Res 1990; 24:75-80. [PMID: 24419767 DOI: 10.1007/bf00032646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/1989] [Accepted: 09/28/1989] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we report studies on photosynthetic formation of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) in three phototrophic bacteria. Formation of PPi was found in chromatophores from Rhodopseudomonas viridis but not in chromatophores from Rhodopseudomonas blastica and Rhodobacter capsulatus. The maximal rate of PPi synthesis in Rps. viridis was 0.15 μmol PPi formed/(min*μmol Bacteriochlorophyll) at 23°C. The synthesis of PPi was inhibited by electron transport inhibitors, uncouplers and fluoride, but was insensitive to oligomycin and venturicidin. The steady state rate of PPi synthesis under continuous illumination was about 15% of the steady-state rate of ATP synthesis. The synthesis of PPi after short light flashes was also studied. The yield of PPi after a single 1 ms flash was equivalent to approximately 1 μmol PPi/500 μmol Bacteriochlorophyll. In Rps. viridis chromatophores, PPi was also found to induce a membrane potential, which was sensitive to carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone and NaF.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Nore
- Department of Biochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, University of Stockholm, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
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Strid A, Nyrén P. Division of divalent cations into two groups in relation to their effect on the coupling of the F0F1-ATPase of Rhodospirillum rubrum to the protonmotive force. Biochemistry 1989; 28:9718-24. [PMID: 2482079 DOI: 10.1021/bi00451a027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Divalent cations are divided into two groups in relation to their ability to promote ATP synthase catalyzed reactions. In the presence of Mg2+, the following pattern rules: (i) uncoupler-stimulated ATP hydrolysis of Rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores which shows an optimum concentration of the divalent cation; (ii) ATP-induced proton pumping in chromatophores; (iii) light-induced ATP synthesis in chromatophores; (iv) no or very low ATPase activity of purified F1-ATPase unmasked by diethylstilbestrol or n-octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside. In the presence of Ca2+, the following pattern occurs: (i) no stimulation of the ATP hydrolysis in chromatophores by carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone; (ii) no ATP-induced proton pumping; (iii) no light-induced ATP synthesis; (iv) a high ATPase activity of the purified F1-ATPase which is inhibited by diethylstilbestrol and n-octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside. Co2+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ are members of the "Mg2+-group", whereas Cd2+ is suggested to fall between the two groups. Intrinsic uncoupling of the membrane-bound ATP synthase has been suggested to account for the effect caused by Ca2+ in chloroplasts [Pick, U., & Weiss, M. (1988) Eur. J. Biochem. 173, 623-628]. Such an interpretation is consistent with our results on chromatophores. The uncoupling cannot occur at the level of the membrane since neither light-induced nor Mg-ATP-induced proton pumping is affected by Ca2+. A conformational change is suggested to be the reason for this intrinsic uncoupling, and it is proposed to be controlled by the diameters of the divalent cations (Ca2+ greater than Cd2+ greater than Mn2+ greater than Co2+ greater than Zn2+ greater than Mg2+).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- A Strid
- Institutionen för Biokemi, Arrheniuslaboratorierna för Naturvetenskap, Stockholms Universitet, Sweden
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16
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Norling B, Strid A, Tourikas C, Nyrén P. Amount and turnover rate of the F0F1-ATPase and the stoichiometry of its inhibition by oligomycin in Rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores. Eur J Biochem 1989; 186:333-7. [PMID: 2532130 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb15213.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The amount of F1-ATPase in chromatophores from Rhodospirillum rubrum was determined by Western blotting using anti-RrF1 rabbit antibodies. 9.1 mmol F1 (mol bacteriochlorophyll)-1 was obtained or 14% of the total protein content of the chromatophores. The turnover rate of the F0F1-ATPase was 17 molecules ATP s-1 during synthesis, 2 molecules ATP s-1 during hydrolysis under coupled conditions with Mg2+ as the divalent cation, and 7 molecules ATP s-1 during hydrolysis in the presence of carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone. Binding of 1 mol oligomycin/mol F0F1-ATPase was found to inhibit the activities of the enzyme completely. A single binding site was found with a Kd of approximately 2 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Norling
- Department of Biochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, University of Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Strid A, Nyrén P. F1-ATPase from Rhodopseudomonas blastica. Acta Chem Scand (Cph) 1989; 43:1007-8. [PMID: 2535110 DOI: 10.3891/acta.chem.scand.43-1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Strid
- Institutionen för Biokemi, Stockholms, Universitet, Sweden
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18
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Abstract
Light-induced proton uptake, light-induced carotenoid absorbance shift, photophosphorylation, and hydrolysis of Mg-ATP, Ca-ATP, and PPi in Rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores are shown to be inhibited by the antibiotic equisetin. The Mg- and Ca-ATPase activities of purified F0F1-ATPase are inhibited by equisetin. In contrast, only the Ca-ATPase activity of purified F1-ATPase is decreased by equisetin, whereas the Mg-ATPase is stimulated. Both equisetin and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) inhibit the hydrolytic activity of the purified H+-PPase but not the hydrolytic activity of soluble PPase from R. rubrum and yeast. The I50 for the PPi hydrolysis is near 20 microM for both equisetin and DCCD. The action of equisetin on membranes is compared to the effect of Triton X-100 and carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyhydrazone. On the basis of these new data, equisetin is proposed to act nonspecifically on membranes and hydrophobic domains of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nyrén
- Department of Biochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, University of Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Strid A, Nyrén P, Baltscheffsky M. Diethylstilbestrol. Interactions with membranes and proteins and the different effects upon Ca2+- and Mg2+-dependent activities of the F1-ATPase from Rhodospirillum rubrum. Eur J Biochem 1988; 176:281-5. [PMID: 2901353 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The hydrophobic compound diethylstilbestrol inhibits the generation of the proton gradient and the membrane potential in chromatophores from Rhodospirillum rubum and dissipates proton gradients over asolectin vesicle membranes. The Ca2+-ATPase activity of chromatophores, of purified F0F1-ATPase and of purified F1-ATPase is also decreased in the presence of diethylstilbestrol. Other repressed activities are the pyrophosphatase activity of soluble pyrophosphatase from yeast and the NADH oxidation by L-lactate:NAD oxidoreductase. We have previously reported that also ATP synthesis, PPi synthesis and PPi hydrolysis of R. rubrum chromatophores are inhibited by diethylstilbestrol [Strid et al. (1987) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 892, 236-244]. Addition of bovine serum albumin reverses or prevents diethylstilbestrol-induced inhibition of the activities tested. On the other hand, the Mg2+-ATPase activity of chromatophores, purified F0F1-ATPase and purified F1-ATPase are stimulated by low concentrations of diethylstilbestrol. On the basis of its hydrophobicity and the reversal of its inhibition by bovine serum albumin, diethylstilbestrol is proposed to act unspecifically on membranes and at hydrophobic domains of proteins. Such an attack upon the subunits of the F1-ATPase, altering the subunit interactions, is proposed to explain the different results obtained for the Ca2+-ATPase and the Mg2+-ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Strid
- Institutionen för Biokemi, Stockholms Universitet, Sweden
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Abstract
Isolation of F1-ATPase from Rhodospirillum rubrum by chloroform extraction of chromatophores, followed by purification on a glycerol gradient, results in a very pure enzyme preparation containing five subunits with high Ca2+-ATPase activity (15 mumol per min per mg protein). Furthermore, conditions are reported under which the purified F1 exhibits Mg2+-dependent ATPase activity of about 35 mumol per min per mg protein. NaHCO3 stimulates the Mg2+-activity from 1.5 mumol per min per mg protein to 5 mumol per min per mg protein giving a maximal activity at a concentration of about 60 mM NaHCO3. Lauryl dimethylamine oxide (LDAO), octyl glucoside and nonanoyl N-methylglucamide enhance the Mg2+-ATPase activity from 1.5 to 14, 22 and 35 mumol per min per mg protein, respectively, in the absence of NaHCO3, and from 5 to 34, 30 and 37 mumol per min per mg protein, respectively, in the presence of 50 mM NaHCO3. The Vmax is increased, but the Km for ATP remains the same, about 0.22 mM, both in the absence of activators and in the presence of NaHCO3, LDAO or NaHCO3 plus LDAO. Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity is slightly stimulated by NaHCO3 but strongly inhibited by octyl glucoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Norling
- Department of Biochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, University of Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
PMS-dependent photophosphorylation in bundle sheath chloroplasts isolated from Zea mays was monitored by using a continuous method. Carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP) and venturicidin were shown to inhibit the ATP-synthesis. Venturicidin has been shown to inhibit ATP-formation in both mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts. In contrast to the case in mesophyll chloroplasts, FMN was not able to promote photophosphorylation in bundle sheath chloroplasts. The effects of other cofactors and inhibitors on the ATP-synthesis in bundle sheath chloroplasts are shown. No photoinduced synthesis of inorganic pyrophosphate was seen, neither in bundle sheath chloroplasts, nor in mesophyll chloroplasts.
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Strid A, Gustafsson G. [Enema as routine in the delivery department]. Jordemodern 1984; 97:259-69. [PMID: 6566673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Persson H, Holmgren A, Irestedt B, Strid A. [Principles of treatment in mushroom poisoning]. Nord Med 1982; 97:177-84. [PMID: 7088707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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