1
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Brunello A, Galiano A, Schiavon S, Guglieri I, Nucci D, Pambuku A, Dal Col A, Bergamo F, Finotto S, Bolshinsky M, Stragliotto S, Rizzato M, Lonardi S, Zagonel V. 1273P Early integration between oncologic treatment and palliative care: Experience of the simultaneous care outpatient clinic at Veneto Institute of Oncology, ESMO Designated Center. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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2
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Bergamo F, Brunello A, Procaccio L, Sergi G, Gatti M, Bergo E, Galiano A, Tierno G, Chiusole B, Feltrin A, Daniel F, Prete A, De Grandis M, Piva V, Barsotti G, Rasola C, Maddalena G, Cerma K, Lonardi S, Zagonel V. 399P Role of geriatric assessment and oncological multidimensional prognostic index in elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in a real-world setting. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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3
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Chiusole B, Tortorelli I, Galiano A, Murtas F, Ahcene Djaballah S, Tierno G, Banzato A, Gatti M, Di Maggio A, Sergi G, Rastrelli M, Sbaraglia M, Zagonel V, Brunello A. 1517P Role of geriatric assessment and oncological multidimensional prognostic index (onco-MPI) in older patients (age ≥70 years) with advanced soft tissue sarcoma in a real-world setting. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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4
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Vaz Pinto I, Guimaraes M, Castro V, Santos C, Galiano A, Friaes J, Bile A, Casqueira A. Automated HIV screening in the emergency department –earlier diagnosis, improved clinical outcomes. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
HIV/AIDS is a public health problem worldwide because undiagnosed patients maintain onward transmission. To stop viral transmission an upscale in diagnostics is needed so that more patients start treatment; patients on treatment and with undetectable viral load do not transmit the virus to other persons (“Treatment as Prevention”).
Objectives
We aimed at identifying more HIV infections in the emergency Department (ED) and at doing so earlier in the course of disease.
Methods
we designed an automated and clinician independent HIV screening project in the ED. Electronic Medical Record (EMR) automatically generates a request for HIV antibody (HIV Ab) test when a patient: a) is 18-65 years of age and has a request for any blood test; b) is not identified in the EMR as being HIV infected; c) does not have an HIV Ab in the EMR in the previous year. Nursing staff receive a visual warning of patients' eligibility for screening and an extra tube label is printed out for HIV testing. The patient is informed of screening at the moment of blood drawing and an <<opt-out >> strategy is applied (optional verbal informed consent or <<opt-out >> of screening).
Results
In 16 months, a total of 21.487 people were eligible for screening. 18.072 HIV Ab screening tests were done. The opt-out rate was 6.3% and there were 44 new HIV diagnostics (prevalence rate 0.24%). Late presenting patients (baseline CD4 counts <350) dropped from an average of 56% in the previous 6 years at our institution to 36.3%. Median CD4 count at diagnostics went up from 192 to 388 cells/mm³.
Conclusions
An automated and clinician independent HIV screening program in the ED proved to be successful at identifying more HIV patients and at tackling the problem of late presentation. Diagnosing early in the course of infection is beneficial for the individual patient, but also represents a gain in general public health because onward transmission is stopped by starting antiretroviral treatment.
Key messages
Early diagnosis through universal screening. Treatment as prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vaz Pinto
- HIV Unit, Hospital de Cascais, Alcabideche, Portugal
| | - M Guimaraes
- HIV Unit, Hospital de Cascais, Alcabideche, Portugal
| | - V Castro
- HIV Unit, Hospital de Cascais, Alcabideche, Portugal
| | - C Santos
- HIV Unit, Hospital de Cascais, Alcabideche, Portugal
| | - A Galiano
- Emergency Department, Hospital de Cascais, Alcabideche, Portugal
| | - J Friaes
- Emergency Department, Hospital de Cascais, Alcabideche, Portugal
| | - A Bile
- Project and Continuos Improvement Department, Hospital de Cascais, Alcabideche, Portugal
| | - A Casqueira
- Project and Continuos Improvement Department, Hospital de Cascais, Alcabideche, Portugal
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5
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Kitazato K, Milliken RE, Iwata T, Abe M, Ohtake M, Matsuura S, Arai T, Nakauchi Y, Nakamura T, Matsuoka M, Senshu H, Hirata N, Hiroi T, Pilorget C, Brunetto R, Poulet F, Riu L, Bibring JP, Takir D, Domingue DL, Vilas F, Barucci MA, Perna D, Palomba E, Galiano A, Tsumura K, Osawa T, Komatsu M, Nakato A, Arai T, Takato N, Matsunaga T, Takagi Y, Matsumoto K, Kouyama T, Yokota Y, Tatsumi E, Sakatani N, Yamamoto Y, Okada T, Sugita S, Honda R, Morota T, Kameda S, Sawada H, Honda C, Yamada M, Suzuki H, Yoshioka K, Hayakawa M, Ogawa K, Cho Y, Shirai K, Shimaki Y, Hirata N, Yamaguchi A, Ogawa N, Terui F, Yamaguchi T, Takei Y, Saiki T, Nakazawa S, Tanaka S, Yoshikawa M, Watanabe S, Tsuda Y. The surface composition of asteroid 162173 Ryugu from Hayabusa2 near-infrared spectroscopy. Science 2019; 364:272-275. [PMID: 30890589 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav7432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu, the target of the Hayabusa2 sample-return mission, is thought to be a primitive carbonaceous object. We report reflectance spectra of Ryugu's surface acquired with the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on Hayabusa2, to provide direct measurements of the surface composition and geological context for the returned samples. A weak, narrow absorption feature centered at 2.72 micrometers was detected across the entire observed surface, indicating that hydroxyl (OH)-bearing minerals are ubiquitous there. The intensity of the OH feature and low albedo are similar to thermally and/or shock-metamorphosed carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. There are few variations in the OH-band position, which is consistent with Ryugu being a compositionally homogeneous rubble-pile object generated from impact fragments of an undifferentiated aqueously altered parent body.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kitazato
- The University of Aizu, Fukushima, Japan.
| | | | - T Iwata
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Abe
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Ohtake
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - T Arai
- Ashikaga University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Y Nakauchi
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | - M Matsuoka
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - H Senshu
- Chiba Institute of Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - N Hirata
- The University of Aizu, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Hiroi
- Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - C Pilorget
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatial, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - R Brunetto
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatial, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - F Poulet
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatial, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - L Riu
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - J-P Bibring
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatial, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - D Takir
- Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - F Vilas
- Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - M A Barucci
- Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique (LESIA), Observatoire de Paris, Meudon, France
| | - D Perna
- Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.,Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique (LESIA), Observatoire de Paris, Meudon, France
| | - E Palomba
- Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - A Galiano
- Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - K Tsumura
- Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tokyo City University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Osawa
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Komatsu
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - A Nakato
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - T Arai
- Chiba Institute of Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - N Takato
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Matsunaga
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Takagi
- Aichi Toho University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Matsumoto
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Kouyama
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Yokota
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan.,Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - E Tatsumi
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Sakatani
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Y Yamamoto
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Okada
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan.,The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Sugita
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Honda
- Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - T Morota
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - H Sawada
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - C Honda
- The University of Aizu, Fukushima, Japan
| | - M Yamada
- Chiba Institute of Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | - M Hayakawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - K Ogawa
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Y Cho
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Shirai
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Y Shimaki
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | - A Yamaguchi
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - N Ogawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - F Terui
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - T Yamaguchi
- Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Y Takei
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - T Saiki
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - S Nakazawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - S Tanaka
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Yoshikawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - S Watanabe
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Y Tsuda
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan.,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
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Lenis C, Galiano A, Vélez I, Vélez ID, Muskus C, Marcilla A. Morphological and molecular characterization of Paragonimus caliensis Little, 1968 (Trematoda: Paragonimidae) from Medellin and Pichinde, Colombia. Acta Trop 2018; 183:95-102. [PMID: 29596790 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Paragonimiasis is a subacute to chronic inflammatory granulomatous lung disease caused by the genus Paragonimus. In Latin America Paragonimus mexicanus Miyazaki & Ishii, 1968 is the only confirmed species to cause human infections. Paragonimus caliensis Little, 1968 is an uncommon species often regarded as a synonym of P. mexicanus. Recently, the study of two types of Paragonimus metacercariae from Costa Rica has provided new molecular and morphological evidence that P. caliensis is a separate species from P. mexicanus. In the present study, molecular, morphological and phylogenetic tools have been used to characterize two populations of Paragonimus located at west of Medellin, Antioquia and at Pichinde, Valle del Cauca (type locality of P. caliensis), Colombia. Adults and metacercariae obtained from Medellin, and metacercariae from Pichinde were analyzed. For morphological observations we used light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Morphology of metacercariae and adults matched with the holotype of P. caliensis. The number and arrangement of sensory papillae in the acetabulum region differs from the morphotypes reported for P. caliensis in Costa Rica. Two morphotypes in branching patterns of ovary and two morphotypes in branching patterns of testes were identified. The main morphological differences between P. caliensis and P. mexicanus corresponded to the size of gonads and their relative positions in the body, and the occasional presence of a cyst wall in P. caliensis metacercariae. The molecular and phylogenetic analyses (using nuclear ribosomal ITS2 and partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 CO1 sequences) confirmed that P. caliensis from the type locality is the same species from Medellin and Costa Rica. Furthermore, these analyses also suggest genetic as well as geographical separation of P. caliensis populations between Colombia and Costa Rica. Currently, P. mexicanus and P. caliensis are sympatric in the Colombian Pacific bioregion, and specific diagnosis based on their egg size is not possible. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the biogeographic distribution ranges of both species and to implement molecular techniques to establish the role of P. caliensis in human paragonimiasis in Colombia.
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Roig J, Saiz ML, Galiano A, Trelis M, Cantalapiedra F, Monteagudo C, Giner E, Giner RM, Recio MC, Bernal D, Sánchez-Madrid F, Marcilla A. Extracellular Vesicles From the Helminth Fasciola hepatica Prevent DSS-Induced Acute Ulcerative Colitis in a T-Lymphocyte Independent Mode. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1036. [PMID: 29875750 PMCID: PMC5974114 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease) has led to the quest of empirically drug therapies, combining immunosuppressant agents, biological therapy and modulators of the microbiota. Helminth parasites have been proposed as an alternative treatment of these diseases based on the hygiene hypothesis, but ethical and medical problems arise. Recent reports have proved the utility of parasite materials, mainly excretory/secretory products as therapeutic agents. The identification of extracellular vesicles on those secreted products opens a new field of investigation, since they exert potent immunomodulating effects. To assess the effect of extracellular vesicles produced by helminth parasites to treat ulcerative colitis, we have analyzed whether extracellular vesicles produced by the parasitic helminth Fasciola hepatica can prevent colitis induced by chemical agents in a mouse model. Adult parasites were cultured in vitro and secreted extracellular vesicles were purified and used for immunizing both wild type C57BL/6 and RAG1-/- mice. Control and immunized mice groups were treated with dextran sulfate sodium 7 days after last immunization to promote experimental colitis. The severity of colitis was assessed by disease activity index and histopathological scores. Mucosal cytokine expression was evaluated by ELISA. The activation of NF-kB, COX-2, and MAPK were evaluated by immunoblotting. Administration of extracellular vesicles from F. hepatica ameliorates the pathological symptoms reducing the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines and interfering with both MAPK and NF-kB pathways. Interestingly, the observed effects do not seem to be mediated by T-cells. Our results indicate that extracellular vesicles from parasitic helminths can modulate immune responses in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, exerting a protective effect that should be mediated by other cells distinct from B- and T-lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Roig
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Maria L Saiz
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Galiano
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Maria Trelis
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain.,Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute La Fe, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Fernando Cantalapiedra
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain.,Veterinari de Salut Pública, Centre de Salut Pública de Manises, Burjassot, Spain
| | | | - Elisa Giner
- Departament de Farmacologia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Rosa M Giner
- Departament de Farmacologia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - M C Recio
- Departament de Farmacologia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Dolores Bernal
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain.,Immunology Service, Hospital de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Marcilla
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain.,Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute La Fe, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
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8
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Trelis M, Galiano A, Bolado A, Toledo R, Marcilla A, Bernal D. Subcutaneous injection of exosomes reduces symptom severity and mortality induced by Echinostoma caproni infection in BALB/c mice. Int J Parasitol 2016; 46:799-808. [PMID: 27590846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown the importance of exosomes in the host-parasite relationship. These vesicles are an important part of the excretory/secretory pathway for proteins with the potential to alter immune responses. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the immunomodulatory role of exosomes in BALB/c mice using Echinostoma caproni as an experimental model of intestinal helminth infection. For this purpose, BALB/c mice were injected twice s.c. with purified exosomes of E. caproni, followed by experimental infection. We report a delay in the development of the parasite in mice immunised with exosomes, a concomitant reduced symptom severity and increased survival upon infection. Immunisations with exosomes evoked systemic antibody responses with high levels of IgM and IgG. IgG1, IgG2b and IgG3 are the subtypes responsible for the IgG increase. These antibodies showed specific recognition of exosomal proteins, indicating that these vesicles carry specific antigens that are involved in the humoral response. The administration of exosomes induced an increase of IFN-γ, IL-4 and TGF-β levels in the spleen of mice prior to infection. The subsequent infection with E. caproni resulted in a further increase of IL-4 and TGF-β, together with an abrupt overproduction of IL-10, suggesting the development of a Th2/Treg immune response. Our results show that the administration of exosomes primes the immune response in the host, which in turn can contribute to tolerance of the invader, reducing the severity of clinical signs in E. caproni infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Trelis
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Av. V.A. Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain; Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute-La Fe, Universitat de Valencia, Av. Fdo. Abril Martorell, 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Galiano
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Av. V.A. Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - Anabel Bolado
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Av. V.A. Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - Rafael Toledo
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Av. V.A. Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - Antonio Marcilla
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Av. V.A. Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain; Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute-La Fe, Universitat de Valencia, Av. Fdo. Abril Martorell, 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Bernal
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de València, C/ Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain.
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9
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Cereda S, Milella M, Cordio S, Leone F, Aprile G, Galiano A, Mosconi S, Vasile E, Santini D, Belli C, Auriemma A, Novarino A, Vaccaro V, Martines C, Marino D, Lutrino SE, Palazzo V, Reinach B, Aldrighetti L, Reni M. Capecitabine with/without mitomycin C: results of a randomized phase II trial of second-line therapy in advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2015; 77:109-14. [PMID: 26659366 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-015-2919-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma (BTA) is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. Since no standard salvage chemotherapy regimen exists, we explored the activity of capecitabine alone or combined with mitomycin C. METHODS Patients aged 18-75 years and with KPS >50, with pathological diagnosis of BTA stratified based on site and stage of disease, were randomized to receive capecitabine 2000 mg/m(2) day 1-14 alone (ARM A) or in combination with mitomycin C 6 mg/m(2) day 1 (ARM B) as second-line therapy. Cycles were repeated in both arms every 3 weeks. Tumor assessment was performed every 2 months. The primary endpoint was the probability of being progression free at 6 months (PFS-6) from treatment start. According to the Fleming design, the study aimed to enroll 26 pts per arm. An exploratory endpoint was to assess thymidylate synthase (TS) and thymidine phosphorylase (TP) expression, as biomarkers predictive for clinical outcomes of capecitabine treatment. RESULTS Between October 2011 and 2013, 57 metastatic pts were enrolled: ARM A/B 28/29. Accordingly, 55 (26/29) pts were assessable for the primary endpoint: 2 (8%) ARM A and 3 (10%) ARM B pts were PFS-6. Main G3-4 toxicities were: hand-foot syndrome and transaminitis in 4/0%, and thrombocytopenia, diarrhea and fatigue in 0/3% of pts. No statistically significant correlation was found between TS or TP expression and pts' outcome. CONCLUSIONS Since capecitabine yielded a disappointing outcome and the addition of mitomycin C did not improve the results, new therapeutic strategies need to be explored to improve survival in this disease setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cereda
- Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - M Milella
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - S Cordio
- Struttura Complessa di Oncologia Medica Ospedale Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
| | - F Leone
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - G Aprile
- A.O.U. Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - A Galiano
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - S Mosconi
- A.O. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - E Vasile
- A.O. Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - D Santini
- Università Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - C Belli
- Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - A Auriemma
- A.O. Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - A Novarino
- A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - V Vaccaro
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - C Martines
- Struttura Complessa di Oncologia Medica Ospedale Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
| | - D Marino
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - S E Lutrino
- A.O.U. Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - V Palazzo
- Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | | | - L Aldrighetti
- Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - M Reni
- Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
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10
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Montaner S, Galiano A, Trelis M, Martin-Jaular L, Del Portillo HA, Bernal D, Marcilla A. The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Modulating the Host Immune Response during Parasitic Infections. Front Immunol 2014; 5:433. [PMID: 25250031 PMCID: PMC4157553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasites are the cause of major diseases affecting billions of people. As the inflictions caused by these parasites affect mainly developing countries, they are considered as neglected diseases. These parasitic infections are often chronic and lead to significant immunomodulation of the host immune response by the parasite, which could benefit both the parasite and the host and are the result of millions of years of co-evolution. The description of parasite extracellular vesicles (EVs) in protozoa and helminths suggests that they may play an important role in host-parasite communication. In this review, recent studies on parasitic (protozoa and helminths) EVs are presented and their potential use as novel therapeutical approaches is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Montaner
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Parasitologia, Universitat de València , Burjassot , Spain
| | - Alicia Galiano
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Parasitologia, Universitat de València , Burjassot , Spain
| | - María Trelis
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Parasitologia, Universitat de València , Burjassot , Spain
| | - Lorena Martin-Jaular
- Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Hernando A Del Portillo
- Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona) , Barcelona , Spain ; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Dolores Bernal
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de València , Burjassot , Spain
| | - Antonio Marcilla
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Parasitologia, Universitat de València , Burjassot , Spain
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11
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Galiano A, Daniel F, Ramondo G, Polacco M, Battaglin F, Roma A, Pizzirani E, Bergamo F, Crivellari G, Gringeri E, Lonardi S, Cillo U, Zagonel V, Aliberti C. Safety and Efficacy of Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (Tace) in Unresectable Biliary Cancer. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu334.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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12
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Martines C, Cordio S, Aprile G, Galiano A, Lonardi S, Rosati G, Avallone A, Pini S, Leo S, Lutrino S, Uccello M, Delrio P, Franco S, Bordonaro R. Safety and Efficacy of Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy (Crt) in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancers (Larc): a Retrospective Italian Survey of 389 Elderly Patients. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu333.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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13
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Bernal D, Trelis M, Montaner S, Cantalapiedra F, Galiano A, Hackenberg M, Marcilla A. Surface analysis of Dicrocoelium dendriticum. The molecular characterization of exosomes reveals the presence of miRNAs. J Proteomics 2014; 105:232-41. [PMID: 24561797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED With the aim of characterizing the molecules involved in the interaction of Dicrocoelium dendriticum adults and the host, we have performed proteomic analyses of the external surface of the parasite using the currently available datasets including the transcriptome of the related species Echinostoma caproni. We have identified 182 parasite proteins on the outermost surface of D. dendriticum. The presence of exosome-like vesicles in the ESP of D. dendriticum and their components has also been characterized. Using proteomic approaches, we have characterized 84 proteins in these vesicles. Interestingly, we have detected miRNA in D. dendriticum exosomes, thus representing the first report of miRNA in helminth exosomes. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In order to identify potential targets for intervention against parasitic helminths, we have analyzed the surface of the parasitic helminth Dicrocoelium dendriticum. Along with the proteomic analyses of the outermost layer of the parasite, our work describes the molecular characterization of the exosomes of D. dendriticum. Our proteomic data confirm the improvement of protein identification from "non-model organisms" like helminths, when using different search engines against a combination of available databases. In addition, this work represents the first report of miRNAs in parasitic helminth exosomes. These vesicles can pack specific proteins and RNAs providing stability and resistance to RNAse digestion in body fluids, and provide a way to regulate host-parasite interplay. The present data should provide a solid foundation for the development of novel methods to control this non-model organism and related parasites. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics of non-model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Bernal
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de València, C/Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Trelis
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Av. V.A. Estellès, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Montaner
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Av. V.A. Estellès, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Cantalapiedra
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Av. V.A. Estellès, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Galiano
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Av. V.A. Estellès, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Michael Hackenberg
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Laboratorio de Bioinformática, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Marcilla
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, Av. V.A. Estellès, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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14
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Inno A, Strippoli A, Nazzicone G, Quaranta A, Di Salvatore M, Galiano A, Bagalà C, Basso M, Pozzo C, Cassano A, Astone A, Barone C. Treatment of HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) with bevacizumab (BEV) plus paclitaxel (TXL): A single-center phase II study. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e11509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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15
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Ancona A, Capodieci M, Galiano A, Mangieri F, Lorusso V, Gatta G. Vacuum-assisted biopsy diagnosis of atypical ductal hyperplasia and patient management. Radiol Med 2011; 116:276-91. [PMID: 21225358 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-011-0626-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study sought to evaluate the accuracy of vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) in the diagnosis of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) by determining the rate of VAB underestimation compared with definitive histology. In addition, an attempt was made to identify parameters that could help determine the most appropriate patient management. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 1,776 VAB procedures performed between November 1999 and January 2008 for suspicious subclinical breast lesions visible only at mammography. A total of 177 patients with a VAB diagnosis of pure ADH were studied. Patients with a diagnosis of ADH associated with other lesions (lobular intraepithelial neoplasia, papilloma), atypical lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ and any lesions with a microhistological diagnosis other than ADH were excluded. Mammographic appearance of lesions was as follows: 152 mostly clustered microcalcifications (86%); five opacities with microcalcifications (3%); 12 single opacities (3%); and eight parenchymal distortions (4%), of which five were without and three were with microcalcifications. In cases underestimated by VAB, we evaluated the extent of ADH within ducts and lobules. Based on results, patients were subdivided into two groups: ≤2 ADH foci; >2 ADH foci. Patients were subdivided into two groups: one was referred for surgery and the other for follow-up care. The decision to either perform or not perform surgery was based on combined analysis of the following parameters: patient age; risk factors in the patient's history; mammographic extent of microcalcifications; complete excision of microcalcifications at VAB; and final Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) assessment. RESULTS In the first group (n=98), comparison of microhistology with final histology revealed that 19 cases of ADH had been underestimated by VAB. In the second group (n=79), six cases of ADH showed progression of the mammographic abnormality, which was subsequently confirmed by surgical biopsy. CONCLUSIONS The most relevant parameters affecting the decision to proceed to surgical excision were lesion diameter >7 mm on mammography, >2 ADH foci, incomplete removal of the calcifications and a family and/or personal history of breast cancer. Although there are no definite mammographic predictors of malignancy, a radiological assessment of suspicious lesion in the presence of an additional equivocal parameter always warrants surgical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ancona
- Unità Operativa di Senologia, Ospedale San Paolo, Contrada Capo Scardicchio, Bari, Italy
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16
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Gomez De Segura IA, Vazquez Moreno-Planas I, Benito J, Galiano A, De Miguel E. Electrophysiologic cardiac effects of the new local anesthetic IQB-9302 and of bupivacaine in the anesthetised dog. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002; 46:666-73. [PMID: 12059889 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-6576.2002.460606.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local anesthetics are not free from potentially fatal complications. Therefore every new local anesthetic should be tested to demonstrate a lower, or at least similar, degree of toxicity over clinically used analogs. Most toxic effects from local anesthetics affect the cardiac electrophysiologic function, so the aim of this study was to characterize the electrophysiologic effects of a new long-acting local anesthetic (IQB-9302, Ciprocaine), and compare them with those of bupivacaine in the anesthetized dog. METHODS Eight Beagle dogs received three increasing infusion doses of either IQB-9302 or bupivacaine. Under isoflurane anesthesia, dogs were instrumented to monitor cardiovascular (cardiac output, arterial and venous blood pressures) and cardiac electrophysiologic data (sinus and atrioventricular (AV) node function, atrial, nodal and ventricular conduction times, and refractoriness). RESULTS Only the highest dose of both drugs induced hemodynamic or electrophysiologic alterations: cardiac output and heart rate were reduced while blood pressures remained unchanged. Atrial and intranodal conduction times and atrial refractoriness increased similarly with both anesthetics, but to a slightly lesser extent with IQB-9302. Significant increases in His-Purkinje and intraventricular conduction times were the most severe noxious effects and occurred only with large doses of either drug. IQB-9302 was slightly less toxic than bupivacaine and, unlike this latter drug, potentially fatal arrhythmias were not induced. CONCLUSION IQB-9302 has hemodynamic and cardiac electrophysiologic effects similar to those caused by bupivacaine. Nevertheless, slightly less toxic effects were derived from IQB-9302 administration than with bupivacaine, and, unlike the latter, the former might be less proarrhytmogenic. The new long-acting local anesthetic IQB-9302 may offer clinical advantages compared with bupivacaine.
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17
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Gálvez-Múgica MA, Santos-Ampuero MA, Novalbos J, Gallego Sandín S, Galiano A, Gilsanz F, García AG, Abad-Santos F. Ulnar nerve block induced by the new local anesthetic IQB-9302 in healthy volunteers: a comparison with bupivacaine. Anesth Analg 2001; 93:1316-20. [PMID: 11682422 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200111000-00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We evaluated the duration of sensory anesthesia after blockade of the ulnar nerve of IQB-9302, a new local amide anesthetic, compared with bupivacaine. A double-blinded, randomized, cross-over study in 12 healthy volunteers aged 18 to 35 yr was performed. Three milliliters of 0.25% IQB-9302 was administered in one wrist and bupivacaine in the other. A week later, the blocks were repeated with a concentration of 0.5%. These concentrations were chosen because they seemed to be equipotent in previous studies. The duration of sensory anesthesia was the main variable measured; secondary outcomes were motor block, time to onset, and time to recovery from block. The duration of sensory block was similar for IQB-9302 and bupivacaine at a concentration of 0.25%; median and range: 409 min (0-800 min) for IQB-9302 and 258 min (0-665 min) for bupivacaine (95% confidence interval for the difference from -47 to 545, P = 0.82, Wilcoxon's test). The results with 0.5% were: 525 min (440-735 min) and 690 min (365-1098 min), respectively (P = 0.026). There were no significant differences in the other variables measured. No important adverse reactions were seen. We conclude that IQB-9302 is an effective new local anesthetic for blockade of ulnar nerve at the concentrations tested. IMPLICATIONS IQB-9302 is a new local anesthetic that has shown a long duration of action and low cardiovascular toxicity in preclinical studies. We report the results of a phase I clinical trial to compare this new drug with bupivacaine for ulnar nerve block.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Gálvez-Múgica
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Lepretre N, Arnaudeau S, Mironneau J, Rakotoarisoa L, Mironneau C, Galiano A. Electrophysiological and radioligand binding studies of elgodipine and derivatives in portal vein myocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1994; 271:1209-15. [PMID: 7996428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of a novel dihydropyridine, elgodipine, and of three derivatives have been studied on the calcium channel currents of isolated cells from rat portal vein by the patch-clamp technique, and on specific (+)-[3H]isradipine binding to vascular membranes. Elgodipine inhibited both T- and L-type calcium channels in a concentration-dependent manner. Half-inhibitions of T- and L-type calcium channel current were obtained at concentrations of 32 and 2.3 nM, respectively. Currents activated repetitively were similarly inhibited than those after a rest period, indicating absence of use-dependent inhibition by elgodipine. When cells were held at depolarized membrane potentials at which T- or L-type calcium channels were inactivated, the inhibitory effects of elgodipine were enhanced on both calcium channel currents, indicating that the elgodipine-induced inhibition was voltage-dependent. The elgodipine concentration which blocked the inactivated calcium channels were 5 to 7 times lower than those which blocked the resting calcium channels. The inhibition constant for elgodipine obtained from the displacement of (+)-[3H]isradipine binding to the L-type calcium channels in vascular membranes was identical to the dissociation constant calculated from electrophysiological data on inactivated calcium channels. At concentrations that completely inhibited calcium channels, elgodipine had no effect on chloride and potassium channels, and did not interfere with the intracellular calcium stores.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lepretre
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Pharmacologie Moléculaire, URA CNRS 1489, Université de Bordeaux II, France
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19
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Rakotoarisoa L, Leprêtre N, Mironneau J, Galiano A, Mironneau C. Effects of oxodipine and elgodipine on (+)-[3H]-isradipine binding to cardiac and vascular membranes: cardiovascular selectivity. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 1994; 8:546-52. [PMID: 7721232 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.1994.tb00836.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effects of six dihydropyridines on the specific binding of (+)-[3H]-isradipine to vascular (portal vein) and cardiac isolated membranes to achieve the relative cardiovascular selectivity of these compounds. Elgodipine, (+)-oxodipine and nifedipine had a significantly higher affinity for the vascular L-type calcium channel than for the cardiac calcium channel while nicardipine showed opposite properties. The other dihydropyridines (nitrendipine and (+)-isradipine) had similar affinities for the cardiac and vascular calcium channels. As the membrane potential of isolated membranes is about 0 mV, these results suggest that the differences in binding of these dihydropyridines to L-type calcium channels in vascular and cardiac cells may be attributed to differences in the molecular structure of these calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rakotoarisoa
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Pharmacologie Moléculaire, URA CNRS 1489, Université de Bordeaux II, France
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20
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Abstract
The constipatory effects of oxodipine, a dihyrdopyridine-type calcium antagonist, have been described in a 3-mo, 12-mo, and 30-mo feeding toxicity study in rats. This paper reports the occurrence of megacolon in rats as a result of the constipatory effects of chronic administration of oxodipine. The first mortality due to oxodipine was seen after about 1 yr of treatment at a dose of 225 mg/kg/day. The toxic effects noted were dose-, time-, and sex-related. Female rats appeared more sensitive to the constipatory effects of the drug. The dose at which the effect occurred in both male and female rats was from about 75 to 675 times the recommended therapeutic dose for humans. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first report of a calcium channel blocker causing constipation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nyska
- Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit Dagan, Israel
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21
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Acharya DU, Senior R, Basu S, Harrison F, Galiano A, Lahiri A. Anti-ischaemic and haemodynamic effects of elgodipine, a potent new generation calcium antagonist, in chronic stable angina. Eur Heart J 1994; 15:665-71. [PMID: 8056008 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of oral elgodipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist on ischaemia and left ventricular function were assessed by a single blind placebo controlled study in 12 patients with chronic stable angina. Graded treadmill exercise and echocardiography/Doppler were performed before and 90 min after single oral doses of elgodipine of 20 mg, 40 mg and 60 mg, or placebo, given at weekly intervals. Elgodipine significantly increased exercise time by 1.1, 2.0 and 2.4 min, (P < 0.001 in each case) and time to onset of angina by 1.1 (P < 0.01), 1.9 (P < 0.001) and 2.6 min (P < 0.001) with increasing doses of the drug. Angina was abolished in 50% of patients with significant improvement in ST depression at peak exercise (P < 0.001) with the 60 mg dose. Blood pressure fell significantly at rest and peak exercise with a corresponding significant increase in heart rate. Ejection fraction was increased by 7.8% (P < 0.001) and 8.4% (P < 0.001) as was the stroke volume by 9.3 ml (P < 0.001) and 12.5 ml (P < 0.001) at 40 mg and 60 mg respectively. Peak mitral A to E velocity ratio and total peripheral resistance decreased significantly in a dose related linear trend. Only minor side effects were noted and no patient required withdrawal from the study. The results demonstrate that oral elgodipine is a potent anti-ischaemic agent. An improvement in the echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function was also seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- D U Acharya
- Department of Cardiology, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, U.K
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22
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Harrison FJ, Heirler F, Scherer J, Wulsch A, Galiano A, Hornauer M, Kelly J. Study of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of two preparations of metoclopramide. Arzneimittelforschung 1994; 44:519-21. [PMID: 8011007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic cross-over study in a group of volunteers (8 male, 4 female) was performed to evaluate the activity and plasma levels of a new sustained-release metoclopramide (CAS 364-62-5) formulation (Cronoprimperan) in comparison to a standard formulation (Primperan). During the course of this trial volunteers on both medications complained of mild to moderate adverse effects as headaches and drowsiness. Elevated monocyte counts were seen in all volunteers at the end of the study without determinable relationship to the medications. No relevant differences were observed between the two preparations in the standard motor and coordination tests. The new sustained-release metoclopramide formulation showed 12-h coverage with a plateau shaped form for achieving constant blood levels throughout the day without reaching blood concentrations above clinically tolerable limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Harrison
- Harrison Clinical Research Ltd., Gesellschaft für klinische Studien mbH, Munich, Fed. Rep. of Germany
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23
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Montastruc P, Montastruc JL, Dubreuil J, Galiano A. Effect of oxodipine, a novel dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, in neurogenic hypertensive dogs. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1993; 321:57-62. [PMID: 8323416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The effects of an acute intravenous injection of oxodipine (5, 20 and 50 micrograms/kg), a new dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, on blood pressure and heart rate were investigated in arterial neurogenic hypertension elicited in anesthetized dogs by acute sinoaortic denervation. This model is associated with disruption of baroreflex pathways and heart denervation, allowing a direct investigation of the effects of the drug on heart rate and blood vessels. The low dose (5 micrograms/kg) of oxodipine remained ineffective, whereas doses of 20 and 50 micrograms/kg of oxodipine elicited a decrease in blood pressure with no change in heart rate. These results suggest that, in contrast to other first generation dihydropyridines, oxodipine exerts a relatively specific action on blood vessels without significant intrinsic negative chronotropic properties in anesthetized sinoaortic-denervated dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Montastruc
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, INSERM U317, Faculté de Médecine, Toulouse, France
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24
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Nyska A, Waner T, Shapira S, Skutelski E, Galiano A, Dayan D. Thickening of the adrenal zona glomerulosa in dogs induced by oxodipine, a calcium channel blocker. Toxicol Pathol 1992; 20:549-55. [PMID: 1308622 DOI: 10.1177/019262339202000401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Subchronic effects of oxodipine, a calcium channel blocker affecting the adrenal gland of the dog, are described. Thirteen wk of treatment at a high dose (24 mg/kg/day) of oxodipine resulted in drug-induced thickening of the zona glomerulosa and increased stimulation of its secretory activity. It is postulated that subchronic administration of oxodipine at this dosage resulted in a decrease in blood pressure, with uninterrupted stimulation of the adrenal zona glomerulosa to release aldosterone, causing an increase in the width of this portion of the gland involving cellular hyperplasia. Support for this indirect effect is found in the increased presence of renin granules in the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nyska
- Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit Dagan, Israel
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25
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Nyska A, Waner T, Galiano A, Klein B. The fate of altered hepatocytic foci as a result of treatment with oxodipine, a calcium channel blocker. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992; 70:439-42. [PMID: 1359524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1992.tb00504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dietary administration of the calcium channel blocker oxodipine to Fischer (F344) rats for 12 and 30 months resulted in increased incidence of altered hepatocytic foci (AHF). As the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regards AHF as potentially precancerous it is important to accumulate experimental evidence which may negate this theory. In the case of oxodipine we proved that with dosages close to maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for prolonged periods no hepatic neoplasms were produced. The possible nature of such AHF is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nyska
- Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit Dagan, Israel
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Nyska A, Waner T, Zlotogorski A, Pirak M, Scolnik M, Nyska M, Galiano A. Oxodipine-induced gingival hyperplasia in beagle dogs. Am J Pathol 1990; 137:737-9. [PMID: 2399938 PMCID: PMC1877508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Abstract
Oxodipine, a new calcium channel blocker, induced gingival hyperplasia in rats. This is the first time that a calcium channel blocker has been documented as resulting in gingival hyperplasia in rats. In contrast to diphenylhydantoin, the hyperplastic changes induced by oxodipine were not precipitated by any prior irritation. The histology consisted of purely fibroblastic proliferation without infiltrate of inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nyska
- Life Science Research Israel, Ness Ziona
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Affiliation(s)
- O Laor
- Life Science Research Israel, Ness Ziona
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Abstract
Subchronic oral exposure of dogs to Oxodipine, a new calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine-type, resulted in dose-related gingival hyperplastic changes. The doses at which an effect was elicited were 24 and 73 times the intended therapeutic dose for man. The effects were first noted after 7 weeks of treatment, and were limited to the high and intermediate dose groups of both sexes. Macroscopically, a generalized enlargement of the maxillary and mandibular facial and lingual gingivae were noted. The histological changes were similar to those described in man for Nifedipine and hydantoin-related drugs. An increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase and a decrease in alanine aminotransferase was demonstrated. This article is the first to describe gingival hyperplasia in dogs induced in a dose-dependent manner by a calcium channel blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Waner
- Life Science Research Israel, Ness Ziona
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Moratalla R, Romera R, Galiano A. Pharmacological study of the new mucolytic drug N-guanyl-cysteine. Arzneimittelforschung 1986; 36:918-23. [PMID: 3488747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacological evaluation of N-guanyl-cysteine (IQB-782) is reported. This new cysteine derivative shows a potent mucolytic-expectorant activity in different test systems. Thus, IQB-782 protects rats against tobacco-smoke-induced respiratory airway obstruction, increases the tracheo-bronchial mucus secretion in rabbits and increases the pulmonary excretion of fluorescein in mice, an index of broncho-secretagogue activity. Like other mucolytics, IQB-782 is also effective in vitro in reducing the viscosity of a suspension of gastric mucin. This new drug is apparently devoid of any cardiovascular or autonomic activity and shows a moderate CNS depressant effect. IQB-782 is consequently a new thiol derivative which may offer some advantages in the treatment of different types of obstructive pulmonary disease.
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