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Jung M, Jung JS, Pfeifer J, Hartmann C, Ehrhardt T, Abid CL, Kintzel J, Puls A, Navarrete Santos A, Hollemann T, Riemann D, Rujescu D. Neuronal Stem Cells from Late-Onset Alzheimer Patients Show Altered Regulation of Sirtuin 1 Depending on Apolipoprotein E Indicating Disturbed Stem Cell Plasticity. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1562-1579. [PMID: 37728850 PMCID: PMC10896791 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial disease. The greatest known risk factor for late-onset AD is the E4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE), while increasing age is the greatest known non-genetic risk factor. The cell type-specific functions of neural stem cells (NSCs), in particular their stem cell plasticity, remain poorly explored in the context of AD pathology. Here, we describe a new model that employs late-onset AD patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to generate NSCs and to examine the role played by APOE4 in the expression of aging markers such as sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in comparison to healthy subjects carrying APOE3. The effect of aging was investigated by using iPSC-derived NSCs from old age subjects as healthy matched controls. Transcript and protein analysis revealed that genes were expressed differently in NSCs from late-onset AD patients, e.g., exhibiting reduced autophagy-related protein 7 (ATG7), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). Since SIRT1 expression differed between APOE3 and APOE4 NSCs, the suppression of APOE function in NSCs also repressed the expression of SIRT1. However, the forced expression of APOE3 by plasmids did not recover differently expressed genes. The altered aging markers indicate decreased plasticity of NSCs. Our study provides a suitable in vitro model to investigate changes in human NSCs associated with aging, APOE4, and late-onset AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Jung
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry (IPC), Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Juliane-Susanne Jung
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06118, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jenny Pfeifer
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry (IPC), Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Carla Hartmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry (IPC), Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Toni Ehrhardt
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry (IPC), Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Chaudhry Luqman Abid
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry (IPC), Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jenny Kintzel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry (IPC), Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Puls
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry (IPC), Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06118, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Hollemann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry (IPC), Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dagmar Riemann
- Department Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of General Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Trohl J, Schindler M, Buske M, de Nivelle J, Toto Nienguesso A, Navarrete Santos A. Advanced maternal age leads to changes within the insulin/IGF system and lipid metabolism in the reproductive tract and preimplantation embryo: insights from the rabbit model. Mol Hum Reprod 2023; 29:gaad040. [PMID: 38001038 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Reproductive potential in women declines with age. The impact of ageing on embryo-maternal interactions is still unclear. Rabbits were used as a reproductive model to investigate maternal age-related alterations in reproductive organs and embryos on Day 6 of pregnancy. Blood, ovaries, endometrium, and blastocysts from young (16-20 weeks) and advanced maternal age phase (>108 weeks, old) rabbits were analysed at the mRNA and protein levels to investigate the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system, lipid metabolism, and stress defence system. Older rabbits had lower numbers of embryos at Day 6 of pregnancy. Plasma insulin and IGF levels were reduced, which was accompanied by paracrine regulation of IGFs and their receptors in ovaries and endometrium. Embryos adapted to hormonal changes as indicated by reduced embryonic IGF1 and 2 levels. Aged reproductive organs increased energy generation from the degradation of fatty acids, leading to higher oxidative stress. Stress markers, including catalase, superoxide dismutase 2, and receptor for advanced glycation end products were elevated in ovaries and endometrium from aged rabbits. Embryonic fatty acid uptake and β-oxidation were increased in both embryonic compartments (embryoblast and trophoblast) in old rabbits, associated with minor changes in the oxidative and glycative stress defence systems. In summary, the insulin/IGF system, lipid metabolism, and stress defence were dysregulated in reproductive tissues of older rabbits, which is consistent with changes in embryonic metabolism and stress defence. These data highlight the crucial influence of maternal age on uterine adaptability and embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Trohl
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maximilian Buske
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Johanna de Nivelle
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alicia Toto Nienguesso
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Schindler M, Geisler SM, Seeling T, Navarrete Santos A. Ectopic Lipid Accumulation Correlates with Cellular Stress in Rabbit Blastocysts from Diabetic Mothers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11776. [PMID: 37511535 PMCID: PMC10380447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal diabetes mellitus in early pregnancy leads to hyperlipidemia in reproductive tract organs and an altered embryonic environment. To investigate the consequences on embryonic metabolism, the effect of high environmental-lipid levels was studied in rabbit blastocysts cultured with a lipid mixture in vitro and in blastocysts from diabetic, hyperlipidemic rabbits in vivo. The gene and protein expression of marker molecules involved in lipid metabolism and stress response were analyzed. In diabetic rabbits, the expression of embryoblast genes encoding carnitine palmityl transferase 1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ increased, whereas trophoblast genes encoding for proteins associated with fatty acid synthesis and β-oxidation decreased. Markers for endoplasmic (activating transcription factor 4) and oxidative stress (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) were increased in embryoblasts, while markers for cellular redox status (superoxide dismutase 2) and stress (heat shock protein 70) were increased in trophoblasts from diabetic rabbits. The observed regulation pattern in vivo was consistent with an adaptation response to the hyperlipidemic environment, suggesting that maternal lipids have an impact on the intracellular metabolism of the preimplantation embryo in diabetic pregnancy and that embryoblasts are particularly vulnerable to metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schindler
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Sophia Mareike Geisler
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Tom Seeling
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University, 06108 Halle, Germany
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Barth M, Toto Nienguesso A, Navarrete Santos A, Schmidt C. Quantitative proteomics and in-cell cross-linking reveal cellular reorganisation during early neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. Commun Biol 2022; 5:551. [PMID: 35672350 PMCID: PMC9174471 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03478-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y is commonly employed to study neuronal function and disease. This includes cells grown under standard conditions or differentiated to neuron-like cells by administration of chemical reagents such as retinoic acid (RA) or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Even though SH-SY5Y cells are widely explored, a complete description of the resulting proteomes and cellular reorganisation during differentiation is still missing. Here, we relatively quantify the proteomes of cells grown under standard conditions and obtained from two differentiation protocols employing RA or a combination of RA and PMA. Relative quantification and KEGG pathway analysis of the proteins reveals the presence of early differentiating cells and provides a list of marker proteins for undifferentiated and differentiated cells. For characterisation of neuronal sub-types, we analyse expression of marker genes and find that RA-differentiated cells are acetylcholinergic and cholinergic, while RA/PMA-differentiated cells show high expression of acetylcholinergic and dopaminergic marker genes. In-cell cross-linking further allows capturing protein interactions in different cellular organelles. Specifically, we observe structural reorganisation upon differentiation involving regulating protein factors of the actin cytoskeleton. Quantitative proteomic analyses are employed to explore the changes in the proteome that occur upon neuronal differentiation in the SH-SY5Y cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Barth
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Alicia Toto Nienguesso
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Carla Schmidt
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
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Schindler M, Dannenberger D, Nuernberg G, Pendzialek M, Grybel K, Seeling T, Navarrete Santos A. Embryonic fatty acid metabolism in diabetic pregnancy: the difference between embryoblasts and trophoblasts. Mol Hum Reprod 2020; 26:837-849. [PMID: 32979266 PMCID: PMC7751147 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During the first days of development the preimplantation embryo is supplied with nutrients from the surrounding milieu. Maternal diabetes mellitus affects the uterine microenvironment, leading to a metabolic adaptation processes in the embryo. We analysed embryonic fatty acid (FA) profiles and expression of processing genes in rabbit blastocysts, separately in embryoblasts (EBs) and trophoblasts (TBs), to determine the potential consequences of maternal diabetes mellitus on intracellular FA metabolism. Insulin-dependent diabetes was induced by alloxan in female rabbits. On Day 6 post coitum, FA profiles in blastocysts (EB, TB and blastocoel fluid) and maternal blood were analysed by gas chromatography. The expression levels of molecules involved in FA elongation (fatty acid elongases, ELOVLs) and desaturation (fatty acid desaturases, FADSs) were measured in EB and TB. Maternal diabetes mellitus influenced the FA profile in maternal plasma and blastocysts. Independent from metabolic changes, rabbit blastocysts contained a higher level of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and a lower level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) compared to the FA profile of the maternal plasma. Furthermore, the FA profile was altered in the EB and TB, differently. While SFAs (palmitic and stearic acid) were elevated in EB of diabetic rabbits, PUFAs, such as docosahexaenoic acid, were decreased. In contrast, in the TB, lower levels of SFAs and higher levels of oleic acid were observed. EB and TB specific alterations in gene expression were found for ELOVLs and FADSs, key enzymes for FA elongation and desaturation. In conclusion, maternal diabetes mellitus alters embryonic FA metabolism differently in EB and TB, indicating a lineage-specific metabolic adaptive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schindler
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University, Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dirk Dannenberger
- Lipid Metabolism and Muscular Adaptation Workgroup, Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth and Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Gerd Nuernberg
- Lipid Metabolism and Muscular Adaptation Workgroup, Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth and Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany.,Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Mareike Pendzialek
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University, Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Katarzyna Grybel
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University, Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tom Seeling
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University, Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University, Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Meira LMR, Barbosa TM, Jales JT, Santos AN, Gama RA. Insects Associated to Crime Scenes in the Northeast of Brazil: Consolidation of Collaboration Between Entomologists and Criminal Investigation Institutes. J Med Entomol 2020; 57:1012-1020. [PMID: 32125415 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In Brazil, many studies on Forensic Entomology analyze the activity and succession of flies in animal models. Data on human corpses are always collected and evaluated in isolated cases. This study aimed to list the insect species associated with crime scenes investigated by the Technical-Scientific Institute of criminal expertise of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (ITEP-RN), in the Northeast of Brazil, a region exposed to high homicide rates. In total, 10 cases were investigated, of which 50% were in the initial stage of decomposition. The examined bodies were colonized by species of three orders of insects, Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. The order Diptera represented 96% of the total insects, being represented by the following species: Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), and Cochliomyia macellaria, (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae); Musca domestica (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Muscidae); and unidentified females of the Sarcophagidae family. Among beetles, the occurrence of Dermestes maculatus (DeGeer) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), Necrobia rufipes (De Geer) (Coleoptera: Cleridae), and Onthophagus sp. (Scarabaeidae), as well as unidentified specimens of the families Tenebrionidae and Histeridae were recorded. In addition, specimens of Ectatomma sp. (Formicidae) were also recorded. Considering that the Rio Grande do Norte state presents a high homicide rate and the last cadaver study was conducted over a decade ago, these records update the list of species associated with cadaveric decomposition and contribute to consolidate forensic entomology in the Northeast region.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M R Meira
- Laboratory of Insect and Vectors, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - T M Barbosa
- Laboratory of Insect and Vectors, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - J T Jales
- Laboratory of Insect and Vectors, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - A N Santos
- Criminal officer expert of the Criminalistics Institute (CI), Technical-Scientific Institute of Criminal Expertise of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (ITEP-RN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - R A Gama
- Laboratory of Insect and Vectors, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Seeling T, Haucke E, Navarrete Santos A, Grybel KJ, Gürke J, Pendzialek SM, Schindler M, Simm A, Navarrete Santos A. Glyoxalase 1 expression is downregulated in preimplantation blastocysts of diabetic rabbits. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54 Suppl 3:4-11. [PMID: 31512318 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In a diabetic pregnancy, an altered maternal metabolism led to increased formation of reactive α-dicarbonyls such as glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO) in the reproductive organs and embryos. The enzyme glyoxalase (GLO) 1 detoxifies reactive α-dicarbonyls thus protecting cells against malfunction or modifications of proteins by advanced glycated end products (AGEs). The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of a maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDD) on GLO1 expression and activity in preimplantation embryos in vivo and human trophoblast cells (Ac-1M88) in vitro. Maternal diabetes was induced in female rabbits by alloxan before conception and maintained during the preimplantation period. GLO1 expression and activity were investigated in 6-day-old blastocysts from healthy and diabetic rabbits. Furthermore, blastocysts and human trophoblast cells were exposed in vitro to hyperglycaemia, GO and MGO and analysed for GLO1 expression and activity. During gastrulation, GLO1 was expressed in all compartments of the rabbit blastocyst. Maternal diabetes decreased embryonic GLO1 protein amount by approx. 30 per cent whereas the enzymatic activity remained unchanged, indicating that the specific GLO1 activity increases along with metabolic changes. In in vitro cultured embryos, neither hyperglycaemia nor MGO and GO had an effect on GLO1 protein amount. In human trophoblast cells, a stimulating effect on the GLO1 expression was shown in the highest GO concentration, only. Our data show that maternal diabetes mellitus affects the specific activity of GLO1, indicating that GLO1 was post-translationally modified due to changes in metabolic processes in the preimplantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Seeling
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Elisa Haucke
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Alexander Navarrete Santos
- Center for Medical Basic Research, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Katarzyna J Grybel
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Gürke
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - S Mareike Pendzialek
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Maria Schindler
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Simm
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty of Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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Jung JS, Volk C, Marga C, Navarrete Santos A, Jung M, Rujescu D, Navarrete Santos A. Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells Recapitulate Aging Biomarkers and Show Reduced Stem Cell Plasticity Affecting Their Adipogenic Differentiation Capacity. Cell Reprogram 2019; 21:187-199. [PMID: 31298565 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2019.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capability to self-renew and can differentiate into multiple cell types of the mesoderm germ layer, but their properties are affected by molecular aging mechanisms. MSCs can be obtained from adipose tissue termed as adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) representing a promising tool for studying age-related diseases in detail. ASCs from young (16 weeks) and old (>108 weeks) rabbits were successfully isolated and propagated. ASCs showed the typical morphology and stained positive for CD105, Vimentin, Collagenase 1A, and negative for CD14, CD90, and CD73, demonstrating their mesenchymal origin. ASCs expressed MSC markers, including MYC, KLF4, CHD1, REST, and KAT6A, whereas pluripotency-related genes, such as NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2, were not expressed. Aged ASCs showed altered protein and mRNA levels of APOE, ATG7, FGF2, PTEN, and SIRT1. Adipogenic differentiation of old visceral ASCs was significantly decreased compared with young visceral ASCs. We successfully established rabbit ASC cultures representing an in vitro model for the analysis of stem cell aging mechanisms. ASCs, obtained from old female rabbits, showed age- and source-specific alteration due to aging of the donor. Stem cell plasticity was altered with age as shown by reduced adipogenic differentiation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane-Susanne Jung
- 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Martin Luther University Medical Faculty, Halle, Germany
| | - Christin Volk
- 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Martin Luther University Medical Faculty, Halle, Germany
| | - Christina Marga
- 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Martin Luther University Medical Faculty, Halle, Germany
| | - Alexander Navarrete Santos
- 2Center for Medical Basic Research, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Martin Luther University Medical Faculty, Halle, Germany
| | - Matthias Jung
- 3Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Martin Luther University Medical Faculty, Halle, Germany
| | - Dan Rujescu
- 3Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Martin Luther University Medical Faculty, Halle, Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Martin Luther University Medical Faculty, Halle, Germany
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Pendzialek SM, Knelangen JM, Schindler M, Gürke J, Grybel KJ, Gocza E, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Trophoblastic microRNAs are downregulated in a diabetic pregnancy through an inhibition of Drosha. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 480:167-179. [PMID: 30447248 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are promising biological markers for prenatal diagnosis. They regulate placental development and are present in maternal plasma. Maternal metabolic diseases are major risk factors for placental deterioration. We analysed the influence of a maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus on microRNA expression in maternal plasma and in blastocysts employing an in vivo rabbit diabetic pregnancy model and an in vitro embryo culture in hyperglycaemic and hypoinsulinaemic medium. Maternal diabetes led to a marked downregulation of Dicer protein in embryoblast cells and Drosha protein in trophoblast cells. MiR-27b, miR-141 and miR-191 were decreased in trophoblast cells and in maternal plasma of diabetic rabbits. In vitro studies indicate, that maternal hyperglycaemia and hypoinsulinaemia partially contribute to the downregulation of trophoblastic microRNAs. As the altered microRNA expression was detectable in maternal plasma, too, the plasma microRNA signature could serve as an early biological marker for the prediction of trophoblast function during a diabetic pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mareike Pendzialek
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Julia M Knelangen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jacqueline Gürke
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Katarzyna J Grybel
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Elen Gocza
- Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (ABC), National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre (NARIC), Szent-Györgyi Albert u. 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Bernd Fischer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Rousseau-Ralliard D, Couturier-Tarrade A, Thieme R, Brat R, Rolland A, Boileau P, Aubrière MC, Daniel N, Dahirel M, Derisoud E, Fournier N, Schindler M, Duranthon V, Fischer B, Santos AN, Chavatte-Palmer P. A short periconceptional exposure to maternal type-1 diabetes is sufficient to disrupt the feto-placental phenotype in a rabbit model. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 480:42-53. [PMID: 30308265 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tight metabolic control of type-1 diabetes is essential during gestation, but it could be crucial during the periconception period. Feto-placental consequences of maternal type-1 diabetes around the time of conception need to be explored. Using a rabbit model, type-1 diabetes was induced by alloxan 7 days before mating. Glycemia was maintained at 15-20 mmol/L with exogenous insulin injections to prevent ketoacidosis. At 4 days post-conception (dpc), embryos were collected from diabetic (D) or normoglycemic control (C) dams, respectively, and transferred into non-diabetic recipients. At 28dpc, D- and C-feto-placental units were collected for biometry, placental analyses and lipid profiles. D-fetuses were growth-retarded, hyperglycemic and dyslipidemic compared to C-fetuses. The efficiency of D-placentas was associated with an increased gene expression related to nutrient supply and lipid metabolism whereas volume density of fetal vessels decreased. Fetal plasma, placental and fetal liver membranes had specific fatty acid signatures depending on embryonic origin. Tissues from D-fetuses contained more omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid decreased while linoleic acid increased in the heart of D-fetuses. This study demonstrates that a short exposure to maternal type-1 diabetes in the periconception window, until the blastocyst stage, is able to irreversibly malprogram the feto-placental phenotype, through precocious and persistent structural and molecular adaptations of placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - René Thieme
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, D-06097, Halle, Germany; Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roselyne Brat
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Audrey Rolland
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Pascal Boileau
- UVSQ (University of Versailles-Saint Quentin), Neonatal Medicine-CHIPS, 78303, Poissy, France
| | | | - Nathalie Daniel
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Michèle Dahirel
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Emilie Derisoud
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Natalie Fournier
- European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Biochemistry Unit, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, D-06097, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Fischer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, D-06097, Halle, Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, D-06097, Halle, Germany
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Pendzialek SM, Schindler M, Plösch T, Gürke J, Haucke E, Hecht S, Fischer B, Santos AN. Cholesterol metabolism in rabbit blastocysts under maternal diabetes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1921-1931. [PMID: 27918728 DOI: 10.1071/rd15542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In the rabbit reproductive model, maternal experimentally induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (expIDD) leads to accumulation of lipid droplets in blastocysts. Cholesterol metabolism is a likely candidate to explain such metabolic changes. Therefore, in the present study we analysed maternal and embryonic cholesterol concentrations and expression of related genes in vivo (diabetic model) and in vitro (embryo culture in hyperglycaemic medium). In pregnant expIDD rabbits, the serum composition of lipoprotein subfractions was changed, with a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and an increase in very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; in uterine fluid, total cholesterol concentrations were elevated. Expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2), insulin-induced gene-1 (INSIG1) and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) mRNA was decreased in the liver and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) mRNA expression was decreased in the adipose tissue of diabetic rabbits. In embryos from diabetic rabbits, the mean (±s.e.m.) ratio of cholesterol concentrations in trophoblasts to embryoblasts was changed from 1.27±2.34 (control) to 0.88±3.85 (expIDD). Rabbit blastocysts expressed HMGCR, LDLR, VLDLR, SREBF2 and INSIG1 but not CYP7A1, without any impairment of expression as a result of maternal diabetes. In vitro hyperglycaemia decreased embryonic HMGCR and SREBF2 transcription in rabbit blastocysts. The findings of the present study show that a diabetic pregnancy leads to distinct changes in maternal cholesterol metabolism with a minor effect on embryo cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mareike Pendzialek
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstr. 52, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstr. 52, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Torsten Plösch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Gürke
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstr. 52, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Elisa Haucke
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstr. 52, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stefanie Hecht
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstr. 52, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bernd Fischer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstr. 52, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstr. 52, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Schindler M, Pendzialek M, Grybel KJ, Seeling T, Gürke J, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Adiponectin stimulates lipid metabolism via AMPK in rabbit blastocysts. Hum Reprod 2018; 32:1382-1392. [PMID: 28472298 PMCID: PMC5850832 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How does a maternal diabetic hyperadiponectineamia affect signal transduction and lipid metabolism in rabbit preimplantation blastocysts? SUMMARY ANSWER In a diabetic pregnancy increased levels of adiponectin led to a switch in embryonic metabolism towards a fatty acid-dependent energy metabolism, mainly affecting genes that are responsible for fatty acid uptake and turnover. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Although studies in cell culture experiments have shown that adiponectin is able to regulate lipid metabolism via 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), data on the effects of adiponectin on embryonic lipid metabolism are not available. In a diabetic pregnancy in rabbits, maternal adiponectin levels are elevated fourfold and are accompanied by an increase in intracellular lipid droplets in blastocysts, implying consequences for the embryonic hormonal and metabolic environment. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Rabbit blastocysts were cultured in vitro with adiponectin (1 μg/ml) and with the specific AMPK-inhibitor Compound C for 15 min, 1 h and 4 h (N ≥ 3 independent experiments: for RNA analysis, n ≥ 4 blastocysts per treatment group; for protein analysis three blastocysts pooled per sample and three samples used per experiment). Adiponectin signalling was verified in blastocysts grown in vivo from diabetic rabbits with a hyperadiponectinaemia (N ≥ 3 independent experiments, n ≥ 4 samples per treatment group, eight blastocysts pooled per sample). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS In these blastocysts, expression of molecules involved in adiponectin signalling [adaptor protein 1 (APPL1), AMPK, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK)], lipid metabolism [PPARα, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4), fatty acid binding protein (FABP4), carnitine palmityl transferase 1 (CPT1), hormone-senstive lipase (HSL), lipoprotein lipase (LPL)] and members of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-system [IGF1, IGF2, insulin receptor (InsR), IGF1 receptor (IGF1R)] were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR and western blot. Analyses were performed in both models, i.e. adiponectin stimulated blastocysts (in vitro) and in blastocysts grown in vivo under increased adiponectin levels caused by a maternal diabetes mellitus. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In both in vitro and in vivo models adiponectin increased AMPK and ACC phosphorylation, followed by an activation of the transcription factor PPARα, and CPT1, the key enzyme of β-oxidation (all P < 0.05 versus control). Moreover, mRNA levels of the fatty acid transporters CD36, FATP4 and FABP4, and HSL were upregulated by adiponectin/AMPK signalling (all P < 0.05 versus control). Under diabetic developmental conditions the amount of p38 MAPK was upregulated (P < 0.01 versus non-diabetic), which was not observed in blastocysts cultured in vitro with adiponectin, indicating that the elevated p38 MAPK was not related to adiponectin. However, a second effect of adiponectin has to be noted: its intensification of insulin sensitivity, by regulating IGF availability and InsR/IGF1R expression. LARGE SCALE DATA Not applicable. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION There are two main limitations for our study. First, human and rabbit embryogenesis can only be compared during blastocyst development. Therefore, the inferences from our findings are limited to the embryonic stages investigated here. Second, the increased adiponectin levels and lack of maternal insulin is only typical for a diabetes mellitus type one model. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This is the first mechanistic study demonstrating a direct influence of adiponectin on lipid metabolism in preimplantation embryos. The numbers of young women with a diabetes mellitus type one are increasing steadily. We have shown that preimplantation embryos are able to adapt to changes in the uterine milieu, which is mediated by the adiponectin/AMPK signalling. A tightly hormonal control during pregnancy is essential for survival and proper development. In this control process, adiponectin plays a more important role than known so far. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the German Research Council (DFG RTG ProMoAge 2155), the EU (FP7 Epihealth No. 278418, FP7-EpiHealthNet N°317146), COST Action EpiConcept FA 1201 and SALAAM BM 1308. The authors have no conflict(s) of interest to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mareike Pendzialek
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Katarzyna Joanna Grybel
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tom Seeling
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jacqueline Gürke
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bernd Fischer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Seeling T, Čikoš Š, Grybel KJ, Janštová Ž, Pendzialek SM, Schindler M, Špirková A, Santos AN. A Diabetic Pregnancy Alters the Expression of Stress-Related Receptors in Gastrulating Rabbit Blastocyst and in the Reproductive Tract. Reprod Sci 2017; 25:174-184. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719117707055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Seeling
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Štefan Čikoš
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Science, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Katarzyna J. Grybel
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Žofia Janštová
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Science, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - S. Mareike Pendzialek
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Alexandra Špirková
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Science, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
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14
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Gürke J, Schindler M, Pendzialek SM, Thieme R, Grybel KJ, Heller R, Spengler K, Fleming TP, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Maternal diabetes promotes mTORC1 downstream signalling in rabbit preimplantation embryos. Reproduction 2016; 151:465-76. [PMID: 26836250 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is known to be a central cellular nutrient sensor and master regulator of protein metabolism; therefore, it is indispensable for normal embryonic development. We showed previously in a diabetic pregnancy that embryonic mTORC1 phosphorylation is increased in case of maternal hyperglycaemia and hypoinsulinaemia. Further, the preimplantation embryo is exposed to increased L-leucine levels during a diabetic pregnancy. To understand how mTOR signalling is regulated in preimplantation embryos, we examined consequences of L-leucine and glucose stimulation on mTORC1 signalling and downstream targets in in vitro cultured preimplantation rabbit blastocysts and in vivo. High levels of L-leucine and glucose lead to higher phosphorylation of mTORC1 and its downstream target ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) in these embryos. Further, L-leucine supplementation resulted in higher embryonic expression of genes involved in cell cycle (cyclin D1; CCND1), translation initiation (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E; EIF4E), amino acid transport (large neutral amino acid transporter 2; Lat2: gene SLC7A8) and proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen; PCNA) in a mTORC1-dependent manner. Phosphorylation of S6K1 and expression patterns of CCND1 and EIF4E were increased in embryos from diabetic rabbits, while the expression of proliferation marker PCNA was decreased. In these embryos, protein synthesis was increased and autophagic activity was decreased. We conclude that mammalian preimplantation embryos sense changes in nutrient supply via mTORC1 signalling. Therefore, mTORC1 may be a decisive mediator of metabolic programming in a diabetic pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Regine Heller
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyFaculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, D-06097 Halle (Saale), GermanyInstitute of Molecular Cell BiologyCenter for Molecular Biomedicine, Hans-Knoell-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, GermanyCentre for Biological SciencesSouthampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Mailpoint 840, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Katrin Spengler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyFaculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, D-06097 Halle (Saale), GermanyInstitute of Molecular Cell BiologyCenter for Molecular Biomedicine, Hans-Knoell-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, GermanyCentre for Biological SciencesSouthampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Mailpoint 840, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Tom P Fleming
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyFaculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, D-06097 Halle (Saale), GermanyInstitute of Molecular Cell BiologyCenter for Molecular Biomedicine, Hans-Knoell-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, GermanyCentre for Biological SciencesSouthampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Mailpoint 840, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
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Gürke J, Hirche F, Thieme R, Haucke E, Schindler M, Stangl GI, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Maternal Diabetes Leads to Adaptation in Embryonic Amino Acid Metabolism during Early Pregnancy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127465. [PMID: 26020623 PMCID: PMC4447349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy an adequate amino acid supply is essential for embryo development and fetal growth. We have studied amino acid composition and branched chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism at day 6 p.c. in diabetic rabbits and blastocysts. In the plasma of diabetic rabbits the concentrations of 12 amino acids were altered in comparison to the controls. Notably, the concentrations of the BCAA leucine, isoleucine and valine were approximately three-fold higher in diabetic rabbits than in the control. In the cavity fluid of blastocysts from diabetic rabbits BCAA concentrations were twice as high as those from controls, indicating a close link between maternal diabetes and embryonic BCAA metabolism. The expression of BCAA oxidizing enzymes and BCAA transporter was analysed in maternal tissues and in blastocysts. The RNA amounts of three oxidizing enzymes, i.e. branched chain aminotransferase 2 (Bcat2), branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase (Bckdha) and dehydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (Dld), were markedly increased in maternal adipose tissue and decreased in liver and skeletal muscle of diabetic rabbits than in those of controls. Blastocysts of diabetic rabbits revealed a higher Bcat2 mRNA and protein abundance in comparison to control blastocysts. The expression of BCAA transporter LAT1 and LAT2 were unaltered in endometrium of diabetic and healthy rabbits, whereas LAT2 transcripts were increased in blastocysts of diabetic rabbits. In correlation to high embryonic BCAA levels the phosphorylation amount of the nutrient sensor mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) was enhanced in blastocysts caused by maternal diabetes. These results demonstrate a direct impact of maternal diabetes on BCAA concentrations and degradation in mammalian blastocysts with influence on embryonic mTOR signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Gürke
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Frank Hirche
- Department of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - René Thieme
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Elisa Haucke
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Gabriele I. Stangl
- Department of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bernd Fischer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
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16
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Haucke E, Navarrete Santos A, Simm A, Henning C, Glomb MA, Gürke J, Schindler M, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Accumulation of advanced glycation end products in the rabbit blastocyst under maternal diabetes. Reproduction 2014; 148:169-78. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) during pregnancy is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and birth defects. The mechanism by which maternal hyperglycemia, the major teratogenic factor, induces embryonic malformations remains unclear. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are known to accumulate during the course of DM and contribute to the development of diabetic complications. Employing a diabetic rabbit model, we investigated the influence of maternal hyperglycemia during the preimplantation period on AGE formation (pentosidine, argpyrimidine, and Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML)) in the reproductive tract and the embryo itself. As a consequence of type 1 DM, the AGE levels in blood plasma increased up to 50%, correlating closely with an AGE accumulation in the endometrium of diabetic females. Embryos from diabetic mothers had increased protein-bound CML levels and showed enhanced fluorescent signals for AGE-specific fluorescence in the blastocyst cavity fluid (BCF). The quantification of CML by HPLC–mass spectrometry (MS/MS) showed a higher amount of soluble CML in the BCF of blastocysts from diabetic rabbits (0.26±0.05 μmol/l) compared with controls (0.18±0.02 μmol/l). The high amount of AGEs in blastocysts from diabetic mothers correlates positively with an increased AGER (receptor for AGE (RAGE)) mRNA expression. Our study gives alarming insights into the consequences of poorly controlled maternal diabetes for AGE formation in the embryo. Maternal hyperglycemia during the preimplantation period is correlated with an increase in AGE formation in the uterine environment and the embryo itself. This may influence the development of the embryo through increased AGE-mediated cellular stress by RAGEs.
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17
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Schindler M, Pendzialek M, Navarrete Santos A, Plösch T, Seyring S, Gürke J, Haucke E, Knelangen JM, Fischer B, Santos AN. Maternal diabetes leads to unphysiological high lipid accumulation in rabbit preimplantation embryos. Endocrinology 2014; 155:1498-509. [PMID: 24428528 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
According to the "developmental origin of health and disease" hypothesis, the metabolic set points of glucose and lipid metabolism are determined prenatally. In the case of a diabetic pregnancy, the embryo is exposed to higher glucose and lipid concentrations as early as during preimplantation development. We used the rabbit to study the effect of maternal diabetes type 1 on lipid accumulation and expression of lipogenic markers in preimplantation blastocysts. Accompanied by elevated triglyceride and glucose levels in the maternal blood, embryos from diabetic rabbits showed a massive intracellular lipid accumulation and increased expression of fatty acid transporter 4, fatty acid-binding protein 4, perilipin/adipophilin, and maturation of sterol-regulated element binding protein. However, expression of fatty acid synthase, a key enzyme for de novo synthesis of fatty acids, was not altered in vivo. During a short time in vitro culture of rabbit blastocysts, the accumulation of lipid droplets and expression of lipogenic markers were directly correlated with increasing glucose concentration, indicating that hyperglycemia leads to increased lipogenesis in the preimplantation embryo. Our study shows the decisive effect of glucose as the determining factor for fatty acid metabolism and intracellular lipid accumulation in preimplantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (M.S., M.P., S.S., J.G., E.H., J.M.K., B.F., An.N.S.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (Al.N.S.), Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (T.P.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Biemann R, Fischer B, Blüher M, Navarrete Santos A. Tributyltin affects adipogenic cell fate commitment in mesenchymal stem cells by a PPARγ independent mechanism. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 214:1-9. [PMID: 24513447 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The food contaminant tributyltin (TBT) is an endocrine disrupting compound (EDC) promoting adipogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Although prenatal TBT exposure has been shown to induce obesity, the underlying mechanisms and the role of the transcription factor PPARγ are not clarified yet. At different stages of adipogenesis, multipotent murine mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), C3H10T1/2, were exposed to TBT and analyzed for adipogenic differentiation, PPARγ promoter activation and PPARγ1, PPARγ2, Pref-1 and SOX9 expression. Depending on the exposure window, TBT promoted subsequent adipogenesis independently and dependently from PPARγ. In undifferentiated MSC, TBT exposure induced a transcriptional PPARγ-independent repression of Pref-1 and SOX9, which are both suppressors of adipogenic cell fate commitment. During hormonal induction TBT additionally enhanced adipogenic differentiation by PPARγ signaling. The impact of TBT on early cell fate development documents a novel mechanistic insight in the development of adipocytes derived from MSC and its susceptibility to EDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Biemann
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Bernd Fischer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Ott C, Jacobs K, Haucke E, Navarrete Santos A, Grune T, Simm A. Role of advanced glycation end products in cellular signaling. Redox Biol 2014; 2:411-29. [PMID: 24624331 PMCID: PMC3949097 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 750] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvements in health care and lifestyle have led to an elevated lifespan and increased focus on age-associated diseases, such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, frailty and arteriosclerosis. In all these chronic diseases protein, lipid or nucleic acid modifications are involved, including cross-linked and non-degradable aggregates, such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Formation of endogenous or uptake of dietary AGEs can lead to further protein modifications and activation of several inflammatory signaling pathways. This review will give an overview of the most prominent AGE-mediated signaling cascades, AGE receptor interactions, prevention of AGE formation and the impact of AGEs during pathophysiological processes.
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Key Words
- ADAMST, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif
- AGE, advanced glycation end products
- AGE-receptors
- Advanced glycation end products
- Age-associated diseases
- Aggregates
- Aging
- E, from embryonic day
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ERK, extracellular-signal regulated kinase
- F3NK, fructosamine 3-phosphokinase
- FKHRL1, forkhead transcription factor
- HDL, high density lipoprotein
- HMGB1, high-mobility-group-protein B1
- HNE, 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal
- Jak1/2, Janus kinase 1/2
- LDL, low density lipoprotein
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MEKK, mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase kinases
- MnSOD, manganese superoxide dismutase
- NF-κB
- Nf-κB, nuclear factor-light-chain-enhancer of activated B
- Oxidative stress
- PIK3, phosphoinositol 3 kinase
- RAGE
- RAGE, receptor of AGEs
- RCC, reactive carbonyl compounds
- Reactive carbonyl compounds
- S100B, S100 calcium binding protein B
- SIRt1, NAD+-dependent deacetylase and survival factor 1
- SR-A, scavenger receptor class A
- Signaling
- Stat 1/2, signal transducers and activators of transcription 1/2
- VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Ott
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Kathleen Jacobs
- Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube Strasse 40, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Elisa Haucke
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Simm
- Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube Strasse 40, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Biemann R, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Adipogenic effects of a combination of the endocrine-disrupting compounds bisphenol A, diethylhexylphthalate, and tributyltin. Obes Facts 2014; 7:48-56. [PMID: 24503497 PMCID: PMC5644809 DOI: 10.1159/000358913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The food contaminants bisphenol A (BPA), diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), and tributyltin (TBT) are potent endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDC) known to interfere with adipogenesis. EDC usually act in mixtures and not as single compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a simultaneous exposure of BPA, DEHP, and TBT on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into adipocytes. METHODS Multipotent murine mesenchymal stem cells (C3H10T1/2) were exposed to EDC mixtures in high concentrations, i.e. MIX-high (10 µmol/l BPA, 100 µmol/l DEHP, 100 nmol/l TBT), and in environmentally relevant concentrations, i.e. MIX-low (10 nmol/l BPA, 100 nmol/l DEHP, 1 nmol/l TBT). The exposure was performed either for the entire culture time (0-12 days) or at distinct stages of adipogenic differentiation. At day 12 of cell culture, the amount of adipocytes, triglyceride content (TG), and adipogenic marker gene expression were analyzed. RESULTS MIX-high increased the development of adipocytes and the expression of adipogenic marker genes independently of the exposure window. The total TG amount was not increased. The low-concentrated EDC mixture had no obvious impact on adipogenesis. CONCLUSION In EDC mixtures, the adipogenic effect of TBT and DEHP predominates single effects of BPA. Mixture effects of EDC are not deducible from single compound experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Biemann
- *Ronald Biemann, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg (Germany),
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21
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Abstract
The transcription factor cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and activating transcription factors (ATFs) are downstream components of the insulin/IGF cascade, playing crucial roles in maintaining cell viability and embryo survival. One of the CREB target genes is adiponectin, which acts synergistically with insulin. We have studied the CREB-ATF-adiponectin network in rabbit preimplantation development in vivo and in vitro. From the blastocyst stage onwards, CREB and ATF1, ATF3, and ATF4 are present with increasing expression for CREB, ATF1, and ATF3 during gastrulation and with a dominant expression in the embryoblast (EB). In vitro stimulation with insulin and IGF-I reduced CREB and ATF1 transcripts by approximately 50%, whereas CREB phosphorylation was increased. Activation of CREB was accompanied by subsequent reduction in adiponectin and adiponectin receptor (adipoR)1 expression. Under in vivo conditions of diabetes type 1, maternal adiponectin levels were up-regulated in serum and endometrium. Embryonic CREB expression was altered in a cell lineage-specific pattern. Although in EB cells CREB localization did not change, it was translocated from the nucleus into the cytosol in trophoblast (TB) cells. In TB, adiponectin expression was increased (diabetic 427.8 ± 59.3 pg/mL vs normoinsulinaemic 143.9 ± 26.5 pg/mL), whereas it was no longer measureable in the EB. Analysis of embryonic adipoRs showed an increased expression of adipoR1 and no changes in adipoR2 transcription. We conclude that the transcription factors CREB and ATFs vitally participate in embryo-maternal cross talk before implantation in a cell lineage-specific manner. Embryonic CREB/ATFs act as insulin/IGF sensors. Lack of insulin is compensated by a CREB-mediated adiponectin expression, which may maintain glucose uptake in blastocysts grown in diabetic mothers.
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MESH Headings
- Activating Transcription Factor 1/genetics
- Activating Transcription Factor 1/metabolism
- Activating Transcription Factor 3/genetics
- Activating Transcription Factor 3/metabolism
- Adiponectin/genetics
- Adiponectin/metabolism
- Alloxan
- Animals
- Blastocyst/drug effects
- Blastocyst/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/genetics
- Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Female
- Gastrulation/drug effects
- Gastrulation/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/pharmacology
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/pharmacology
- Male
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Rabbits
- Receptors, Adiponectin/genetics
- Receptors, Adiponectin/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Trophoblasts/drug effects
- Trophoblasts/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, D-06097 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Thieme R, Schindler M, Ramin N, Fischer S, Mühleck B, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Insulin growth factor adjustment in preimplantation rabbit blastocysts and uterine tissues in response to maternal type 1 diabetes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 358:96-103. [PMID: 22465205 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are well-known regulators of embryonic growth and differentiation. IGF function is closely related to insulin action. IGFs are available to the preimplantation embryo through maternal blood (endocrine action), uterine secretions (paracrine action) and by the embryo itself (autocrine action). In rabbit blastocysts, embryonic IGF1 and IGF2 are specifically strong in the embryoblast (ICM). Signalling of IGFs and insulin in blastocysts follows the classical pathway with Erk1/2 and Akt kinase activation. The aim of this study was to analyse signalling of IGFs in experimental insulin dependent diabetes (exp IDD) in pregnancy, employing a diabetic rabbit model with uterine hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycaemia. Exp IDD was induced in female rabbits by alloxan treatment prior to mating. At 6 days p.c., the maternal and embryonic IGFs were quantified by RT-PCR and ELISA. In pregnant females, hepatic IGF1 expression and IGF1 serum levels were decreased while IGF1 and IGF2 were increased in endometrium. In blastocysts, IGF1 RNA and protein was approx. 7.5-fold and 2-fold higher, respectively, than in controls from normoglycemic females. In cultured control blastocysts supplemented with IGF1 or insulin in vitro for 1 or 12 h, IGF1 and insulin receptors as well as IGF1 and IGF2 were downregulated. In cultured T1D blastocysts activation of Akt and Erk1/2 was impaired with lower amounts of total Akt and Erk1/2 protein and a reduced phosphorylation capacity after IGF1 supplementation. Our data show that the IGF axis is severely altered in embryo-maternal interactions in exp IDD pregnancy. Both, the endometrium and the blastocyst produce more IGF1 and IGF2. The increased endogenous IGF1 and IGF2 expression by the blastocyst compensates for the loss of systemic insulin and IGF. However, this counterbalance does not fill the gap of the reduced insulin/IGF sensitivity, leading to a developmental delay of blastocysts in exp IDD pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Thieme
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
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23
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Abstract
The renaissance of the laboratory rabbit as a reproductive model for human health is closely related to the growing evidence of periconceptional metabolic programming and its determining effects on offspring and adult health. Advantages of rabbit reproduction are the exact timing of fertilization and pregnancy stages, high cell numbers and yield in blastocysts, relatively late implantation at a time when gastrulation is already proceeding, detailed morphologic and molecular knowledge on gastrulation stages, and a hemochorial placenta structured similarly to the human placenta. To understand, for example, the mechanisms of periconceptional programming and its effects on metabolic health in adulthood, these advantages help to elucidate even subtle changes in metabolism and development during the pre- and peri-implantation period and during gastrulation in individual embryos. Gastrulation represents a central turning point in ontogenesis in which a limited number of cells program the development of the three germ layers and, hence, the embryo proper. Newly developed transgenic and molecular tools offer promising chances for further scientific progress to be attained with this reproductive model species.
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Knelangen JM, Kurz R, Schagdarsurengin U, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Short-time glucose exposure of embryonic carcinoma cells impairs their function as terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 420:230-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.02.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Thieme R, Ramin N, Fischer S, Püschel B, Fischer B, Santos AN. Gastrulation in rabbit blastocysts depends on insulin and insulin-like-growth-factor 1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 348:112-9. [PMID: 21827825 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 07/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Insulin and insulin-like-growth-factor 1 (IGF1) are components of the uterine secretions. As potent growth factors they influence early embryo development. The underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Here we report on the effects of insulin and IGF1 on early gastrulation in rabbit blastocysts. We have studied blastocysts grown in vivo in metabolically healthy rabbits, in rabbits with type 1 diabetes and in vitro in the presence or absence of insulin or IGF1. Embryonic disc morphology and expression of Brachyury, Wnt3a and Wnt4 were analysed by qPCR and IHC. Pre-gastrulated blastocysts (stage 0/1) cultured with insulin or IGF1 showed a significantly higher capacity to form the posterior mesoderm and primitive streak (stage 2 and 3) than blastocysts cultured without growth factors. In gastrulating blastocysts the levels of the mesoderm-specific transcription factor Brachyury and the Wnt signalling molecules Wnt3a and Wnt4 showed a stage-specific expression pattern with Brachyury transcripts increasing from stage 0/1 to 3. Wnt4 protein was found spread over the whole embryoblast. Insulin induced Wnt3a, Wnt4 and Brachyury expression in a temporal- and stage-specific pattern. Only blastocysts cultured with insulin reached the Wnt3a, Wnt4 and Brachyury expression levels of stage 2 in vivo blastocysts, indicating that insulin is required for Wnt3a, Wnt4 and Brachyury expression during gastrulation. Insulin-induced Wnt3a and Wnt4 expression preceded Brachyury. Wnt3a-induced expression could be depleted by MEK1 inhibition (PD98059). Involvement of insulin in embryonic Wnt3a expression was further shown in vivo with Wnt3a expression being notably down regulated in stage 2 blastocysts from rabbits with type 1 diabetes. Blastocysts grown in diabetic rabbits are retarded in development, a finding which supports our current results that insulin is highly likely required for early mesoderm formation in rabbit blastocysts by inducing a distinct spatiotemporal expression profile of Wnt3a, Wnt4 and Brachyury.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Thieme
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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26
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Königsdorf CAI, Navarrete Santos A, Schmidt JS, Fischer S, Fischer B. Expression profile of fatty acid metabolism genes in preimplantation blastocysts of obese and non-obese mice. Obes Facts 2012; 5:575-86. [PMID: 22986646 DOI: 10.1159/000342583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have disclosed a close relationship between maternal obesity, fetal metabolism and pre- and postnatal development. The lipid metabolism in preimplantation embryos is a possible target of metabolic programming. METHODS 31 genes of beta-oxidation and fatty acid and cholesterol uptake, synthesis and regulation were analyzed in day 3.5 blastocysts from NZO (obese) and C57Bl/6 (normal weight) mice by RT-PCR and semiquantitative PCR. RESULTS The most obvious difference between both strains was the lack of the RXR gamma transcript in NZO blastocysts. In adult NZO mice, RXR gamma is detectable in most tissues. In a semiquantitative analysis, a higher transcription rate of fatty acid transport protein 4 (p = 0.004) and a reduced transcript number of fatty acid synthase (p = 0.049) was found in NZO blastocysts. Cholesterol synthesis regulation was modified in NZO blastocysts, as indicated by the ratio of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) 2 / insulin-induced gene 1 (Insig 1) (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION In mouse blastocysts enzymes and signal molecules of fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism resemble those expressed postnatally. Distinct differences in transcription rates of genes between blastocysts from obese and non-obese mothers indicate that preimplantation embryo development is an early target for metabolic programming.
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27
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Biemann R, Navarrete Santos A, Navarrete Santos A, Riemann D, Knelangen J, Blüher M, Koch H, Fischer B. Endocrine disrupting chemicals affect the adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in distinct ontogenetic windows. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 417:747-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Knelangen JM, van der Hoek MB, Kong WC, Owens JA, Fischer B, Santos AN. MicroRNA expression profile during adipogenic differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells. Physiol Genomics 2011; 43:611-20. [PMID: 21245416 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00116.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESC) have the potential to differentiate into any cell type of the three germ layers. Differentiation processes depend on genetic and epigenetic factors. The guidance of cell fate determination by microRNAs (miRs) seems important for embryonic development and cell lineage decisions. MiRs are short, single-stranded, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate through posttranscriptional modulation, a subset of target genes involved in cell differentiation and specific cell function. We have used microarray profiling of miRs in the mouse embryonic stem cell line CGR8. Comparison of the miR profiles of undifferentiated stem cells with mesodermal progenitors cells (day 5), preadipocytes (day 10), and adipocytes (day 21) showed that the expression level of 129 miRs changed (twofold) during adipogenic differentiation. We identified 10 clusters of differentially expressed miRs, which contain putative markers and regulators of mesodermal differentiation and cell fate determination into adipocytes. Notably, the adipocyte-specific miRs 143 and 103 were upregulated from day 10 onward. We have therefore demonstrated and characterized the dynamic profile of miR expression during murine adipogenic differentiation in vitro, including the initial differentiation from ESC via mesenchymal progenitors up to adipocytes. Our findings and experimental approach provide a suitable system to directly interrogate the role of miRs during adipogenic differentiation of embryonic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Knelangen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany.
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Fischer S, Navarrete Santos A, Thieme R, Ramin N, Fischer B. Adiponectin Stimulates Glucose Uptake in Rabbit Blastocysts1. Biol Reprod 2010; 83:859-65. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.084665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Ramin N, Thieme R, Fischer S, Schindler M, Schmidt T, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Maternal diabetes impairs gastrulation and insulin and IGF-I receptor expression in rabbit blastocysts. Endocrinology 2010; 151:4158-67. [PMID: 20631000 DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Women with type 1 diabetes are subfertile. Diabetes negatively affects pregnancy by causing early miscarriage and poor prenatal outcomes. In this study we examine consequences of maternal type 1 diabetes on early embryo development, metabolic gene expression, and the pattern of insulin receptor (IR) and IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) distribution in rabbit blastocysts. In female rabbits, type 1 diabetes was induced by alloxan treatment. Six-day-old blastocysts were recovered and assessed for receptor distribution and metabolic gene expression. In vitro culture of blastocysts was performed in medium containing 1 mm, 10 mm, or 25 mm glucose, simulating normo- and hyperglycemic developmental condition in vitro. The fertility rate of the diabetic rabbits clearly mirrored subfertility with a drop in blastocyst numbers by 40% (13.3 blastocysts in diabetic vs. 21.9 in control females). In blastocysts onset and progression of gastrulation was delayed and expression of IR and IGF-IR and their metabolic target genes (hexokinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase), both in vivo and in vitro, was down-regulated. The amount of apoptotic cells in the embryonic disc was increased, correlating closely with the reduced transcription of the bcl-x(L) gene. Blastocyst development is clearly impaired by type 1 diabetes during early pregnancy. Insulin-stimulated metabolic genes and IR and IGF-IR are down-regulated, resulting in reduced insulin and IGF sensitivity and a delay in development. Dysregulation of the IGF system and embryonic glucose metabolism are potential reasons for diabetogenous subfertility and embryopathies and start as soon as during the first days of life.
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MESH Headings
- Alloxan
- Animals
- Apoptosis/physiology
- Blastocyst/cytology
- Blastocyst/metabolism
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
- Embryo Culture Techniques
- Embryo, Mammalian/cytology
- Embryo, Mammalian/embryology
- Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Gastrulation/genetics
- Gastrulation/physiology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Immunoblotting
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Insulin/blood
- Insulin/genetics
- Insulin/metabolism
- Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP)/genetics
- Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP)/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy in Diabetics/blood
- Pregnancy in Diabetics/physiopathology
- Rabbits
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Insulin/genetics
- Receptor, Insulin/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Ramin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, D-06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Schaedlich K, Knelangen JM, Navarrete Santos A, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. A simple method to sort ESC-derived adipocytes. Cytometry A 2010; 77:990-5. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.20953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Seifert A, Taubert H, Hombach-Klonisch S, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. TCDD mediates inhibition of p53 and activation of ERalpha signaling in MCF-7 cells at moderate hypoxic conditions. Int J Oncol 2009; 35:417-424. [PMID: 19578757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) is known to promote cancer initiation and progression and accumulates in mammary fat tissue. Effects of TCDD are mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Physiological conditions of moderate hypoxia in breast cancer also activate another transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1alpha). In addition, the transcription factors p53 and the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) are important key players in breast cancer progression. Here, human breast cancer cells cultured under mild hypoxic conditions were exposed to TCDD and analyzed for regulation of p53 signaling and ERalpha transactivation. Simultaneous exposure to TCDD and hypoxia resulted in a moderate but reproducible inhibition of p53 expression. Both the direct activation of the ERalpha and the transcriptional regulation of Hdm2 mediated this inhibition. As consequence the p53-mediated target gene expression (Dusp5) was reduced. Silencing of Dusp5 by simultaneous exposure of TCDD and hypoxia or by RNAi led to increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2. This increase resulted in transactivation of ERalpha and induction of ERalpha-mediated transcription of Hdm2 and SOCS3. Specificity of ERalpha-transactivation by ERK1/2 was confirmed by treatment with MAPKK-inhibitor PD98059. The combination of inhibition of functional p53 protein and induction of ERalpha signaling could serve as a model for the operational sequence of TCDD effects to prevent cell death and promote breast tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Seifert
- Department of Pharmacology, Otto-von-Guericke University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Tonack S, Ramin N, Garimella S, Rao R, Seshagiri PB, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Expression of glucose transporter isoforms and the insulin receptor during hamster preimplantation embryo development. Ann Anat 2009; 191:485-95. [PMID: 19615873 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
During preimplantation development, embryos of many species are known to express up to five isoforms of the facilitative glucose transporter proteins (GLUT). Development of hamster blastocysts is inhibited by glucose. We therefore investigated GLUT isoform and insulin receptor (IR) expression in hamster preimplantation embryos cultured in glucose-free medium from the 8-cell stage onwards. We show that GLUT1, 3 and 8 mRNA are constitutively expressed from the 8-cell to the blastocyst stage. The IR is expressed from the morula stage onwards. Messenger RNA of the insulin-responsive GLUT4 was not detected at any stage. GLUT1 and 3 were localised by immunocytochemistry. GLUT1 was expressed in both embryoblast and trophoblast, in the latter, mainly in basal and lateral membranes directed towards the blastocoel and embryoblast. GLUT3 was exclusively localised in the apical membrane of trophoblast cells. We show that hamster preimplantation embryos express several GLUT isoforms thus closely resembling embryos of other mammalian species. Despite endogenous IR expression, the insulin-sensitive isoform GLUT4 was not expressed, indicating that the insulin-mediated glucose uptake known from classical insulin target cells may not be relevant for hamster blastocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tonack
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Seifert A, Rau S, Küllertz G, Fischer B, Santos AN. TCDD induces cell migration via NFATc1/ATX-signaling in MCF-7 cells. Toxicol Lett 2009; 184:26-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Revised: 10/10/2008] [Accepted: 10/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hofmann B, Santos AN, Kahrstedt S, Silber RE, Simm A. Migration of human haematopoietic stem cells across vessels is dependent on the graft quality. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1191647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Seifert A, Katschinski DM, Tonack S, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Significance of Prolyl Hydroxylase 2 in the Interference of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Signaling. Chem Res Toxicol 2008; 21:341-8. [DOI: 10.1021/tx7001838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
The insulin/IGF system plays a critical role in embryo growth and development. We have investigated the expression of insulin receptor (IR) and IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) and the activation of their downstream pathways in rabbit 6-d-old blastocysts. IR was expressed in embryoblast (Em, inner cell mass) and trophoblast (Tr) cells, whereas IGF-IR was localized mainly in Em. Isoform A (IR-A) represents the main insulin isoform in blastocysts and was found in Em and Tr cells. IR-B was detectable only in Tr. IR/IGF-IR signaling pathways were analyzed after stimulation with insulin (17 nm) or IGF-I (1.3 nm) in cultured blastocysts. Insulin stimulated Erk1/2 in Em and Tr and Akt in Tr but not in Em. IGF-I activated both kinases exclusively in Em. The target genes c-fos (for MAPK kinase-1/Erk signaling) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK, for PI3K/Akt signaling) were also specifically regulated. Insulin down-regulated PEPCK RNA amounts in Tr by activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Expression of c-fos by insulin and IGF-I was different with respect to time and fortitude of expression, mirroring again the specific IR and IGF-IR expression patterns in Em and Tr. Taken together, we show that IGF-I acts primarily mitogenic, an effect that is cell lineage-specifically restricted to the Em. By contrast, insulin is the growth factor of the Tr stimulating mitogenesis and down-regulating metabolic responses. As soon as blastocyst differentiation in Em and Tr has been accomplished, insulin and IGF-I signaling is different in both cell lineages, implying a different developmental impact of both growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, D-06108, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Tonack S, Kind K, Thompson JG, Wobus AM, Fischer B, Santos AN. Dioxin affects glucose transport via the arylhydrocarbon receptor signal cascade in pluripotent embryonic carcinoma cells. Endocrinology 2007; 148:5902-12. [PMID: 17872374 DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Intoxication by dioxins such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) leads, among other damages, to early embryo loss, fetal malformations, and cardiovascular toxicity. Apart from binding to the arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR), the mechanism of TCDD-mediated embryo toxicity is still unclear. We investigated possible modes of a TCDD-mediated toxicity, particularly in glucose metabolism, in pluripotent P19 mouse embryonic carcinoma cells. Undifferentiated P19 cells were exposed to 1-100 nM TCDD and characterized for AhR signaling. For studying cell differentiation, P19 cells were exposed to 10 nM TCDD at stage of embryoid body formation, and analyzed on glucose metabolism and cardiac differentiation during the next 3 wk. TCDD treatment activated the AhR-signaling cascade within 1 h, confirmed by AhR translocation, induction of cytochrome P450 1A1 expression, and activation of the xenobiotic response element. Although cell viability and transcription of the cardiac marker protein alpha-myosin heavy chain were affected, TCDD did not inhibit the differentiation of P19 cells to pulsating cardiomyocytes. TCDD significantly down-regulated the expression levels of the glucose transporter (GLUT) isoforms 1 and 3. After 24-h TCDD treatment, GLUT1 was no longer localized in the plasma membrane of P19 cells. The impaired GLUT expression correlated with a lower glucose uptake in 5-d-old embryoid bodies. The TCDD effects were mediated by AhR, as shown by preculture with the AhR antagonist alpha-naphthoflavone. Our data demonstrate that an AhR-mediated disturbance in GLUT expression and insufficient glucose uptake may be major mechanisms in TCDD embryo toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tonack
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, D-06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Tonack S, Rolletschek A, Wobus AM, Fischer B, Santos AN. Differential expression of glucose transporter isoforms during embryonic stem cell differentiation. Differentiation 2006; 74:499-509. [PMID: 17177847 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.2006.00091.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In mouse blastocysts six facilitative glucose transporter isoforms (GLUT)1-4, 8 and 9 are expressed. We have used the mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell line D3 and spontaneously differentiating embryoid bodies (EB) to investigate GLUT expression and the influence of glucose during differentiation of early embryonic cells. Both ES cells and EBs (2d-20d) expressed GLUT1, 3, and 8, whereas the isoforms 2 and 4 were detectable exclusively in EBs. Differentiation-associated expression of GLUT was analyzed by double staining with stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA-1), cytokeratins (CK18, 19), nestin, and desmin. Similar to trophoblast cells in mouse blastocysts the outer cell layer of endoderm-like cells showed a high GLUT3 expression in early EBs. In 20-day-old EBs no GLUT3 protein and only minor GLUT3 mRNA amounts could be detected. A minimal glucose concentration of 5 mM applied during 2 and 8 days of EB culture resulted in up-regulated GLUT4, Oct-4 and SSEA-1 levels and a delay in EB differentiation. We conclude that GLUT expression depends on cellular differentiation and that the expression is modulated by glucose concentration. The developmental and glucose-dependent regulation of GLUT strongly suggests a functional role of glucose and glucose transporters in ES cell differentiation and embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tonack
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, D-06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Navarrete Santos A, Tonack S, Kirstein M, Pantaleon M, Kaye P, Fischer B. Insulin acts via mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in rabbit blastocysts. Reproduction 2005; 128:517-26. [PMID: 15509697 DOI: 10.1530/rep.1.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The addition of insulin during in vitro culture has beneficial effects on rabbit preimplantation embryos leading to increased cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis. We have previously described the expression of the insulin receptor (IR) and the insulin-responsive glucose transporters (GLUT) 4 and 8 in rabbit preimplantation embryos. However, the effects of insulin on IR signaling and glucose metabolism have not been investigated in rabbit embryos. In the present study, the effects of 170 nM insulin on IR, GLUT4 and GLUT8 mRNA levels, Akt and Erk phosphorylation, GLUT4 translocation and methyl glucose transport were studied in cultured day 3 to day 6 rabbit embryos. Insulin stimulated phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Erk1/2 and levels of IR and GLUT4 mRNA, but not phosphorylation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent protein kinase, Akt, GLUT8 mRNA levels, glucose uptake or GLUT4 translocation. Activation of the MAPK signaling pathway in the absence of GLUT4 translocation and of a glucose transport response suggest that in the rabbit preimplantation embryo insulin is acting as a growth factor rather than a component of glucose homeostatic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, D-06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Navarrete Santos A, Tonack S, Kirstein M, Kietz S, Fischer B. Two insulin-responsive glucose transporter isoforms and the insulin receptor are developmentally expressed in rabbit preimplantation embryos. Reproduction 2005; 128:503-16. [PMID: 15509696 DOI: 10.1530/rep.1.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Glucose is the most important energy substrate for mammalian blastocysts. Its uptake is mediated by glucose transporters (GLUT). In muscle and adipocyte cells insulin stimulates glucose uptake by activation of the insulin receptor (IR) pathway and translocation of GLUT4. GLUT4 is expressed in bovine preimplantation embryos. A new insulin-responsive isoform, GLUT8, was recently described in mouse blastocysts. Thus, potentially, two insulin-responsive isoforms are expressed in early embryos. The mechanism of insulin action on embryonic cells, however, is still not clear. In the present study expression of IR, GLUT1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 8 was studied in rabbit preimplantation embryos using RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The rabbit mRNA sequences for the complete coding region of IR, GLUT4 and a partial GLUT8 sequence were determined by RACE-PCR and sequencing. GLUT4 was expressed in 3-day-old morulae and in 4- and 6-day-old blastocysts. IR and GLUT8 transcripts were detectable only in blastocysts. Blastocysts also expressed GLUT1 and 3, but not GLUT2 and 5. Transcript numbers of GLUT4 and 8 were higher in trophoblast than in embryoblast cells. Translation of IR, GLUT4 and 8 proteins in blastocysts was confirmed by Western blotting. GLUT4 was localized mainly in the membrane and in the perinuclear region in trophoblast cells while in embryoblast cells its localization was predominantly in the perinuclear cytoplasm. The possible function(s) of two insulin-responsive isoforms, GLUT4 and GLUT8, in rabbit preimplantation embryos needs further investigation. It may not necessarily be linked to insulin-stimulated glucose transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, D-06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Riemann D, Hansen GH, Niels-Christiansen L, Thorsen E, Immerdal L, Santos AN, Kehlen A, Langner J, Danielsen EM. Caveolae/lipid rafts in fibroblast-like synoviocytes: ectopeptidase-rich membrane microdomains. Biochem J 2001; 354:47-55. [PMID: 11171078 PMCID: PMC1221627 DOI: 10.1042/0264-6021:3540047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Membrane peptidases play important roles in cell activation, proliferation and communication. Human fibroblast-like synoviocytes express considerable amounts of aminopeptidase N/CD13, dipeptidyl peptidase IV/CD26, and neprilysin/CD10, transmembrane proteins previously proposed to be involved in the regulation of intra-articular levels of neuropeptides and chemotactic mediators as well as in adhesion and cell-cell interactions. Here, we report these peptidases in synoviocytes to be localized predominantly in glycolipid- and cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains known as 'rafts'. At the ultrastructural level, aminopeptidase N/CD13 and dipeptidyl peptidase IV/CD26 were found in caveolae, in particular in intracellular yet surface-connected vesicle-like structures and 'rosettes' made up of several caveolae. In addition, clusters of peptidases were seen at the cell surface in flat patches ranging in size from about 60 to 160 nm. Cholesterol depletion of synoviocytes by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin disrupted >90% of the caveolae and reduced the raft localization of aminopeptidase N/CD13 without affecting Ala-p-nitroanilide-cleaving activity of confluent cell cultures. In co-culture experiments with T-lymphocytes, cholesterol depletion of synoviocytes greatly reduced their capability to induce an early lymphocytic expression of aminopeptidase N/CD13. We propose caveolae/rafts to be peptidase-rich 'hot-spot' regions of the synoviocyte plasma membrane required for functional cell-cell interactions with lymphocytes. The peptidases may act in concert with other types of proteins such as receptors and signal transducers localized in these specialized membrane domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Riemann
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Strasse der OdF 6, D-06097 Halle, Germany
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Kehlen A, Lauterbach R, Santos AN, Thiele K, Kabisch U, Weber E, Riemann D, Langner J. IL-1 beta- and IL-4-induced down-regulation of autotaxin mRNA and PC-1 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 123:147-54. [PMID: 11168012 PMCID: PMC1905967 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01432.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX) is a 125-kD ectonucleotide pyrophosphate/phosphodiesterase, which was initially isolated and cloned from human melanoma cells as a potent stimulator of tumour cell motility. ATX shows 44% identity to the plasma cell membrane marker PC-1. Recently, we described the decreased expression of ATX mRNA in cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes (SFC) of patients with RA by interferon-gamma. In this study using a competitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, we show an increased ATX mRNA expression in SFC from patients with RA in comparison with synoviocytes from non-RA patients. The median ATX mRNA amount in SFC of RA patients (440 pg/microg total RNA) was five-fold higher than the expression in synoviocytes from non-RA patients (80 pg/microg total RNA) or foreskin fibroblasts (MRHF cells, 90 pg/microg total RNA). In contrast to the elevated ATX mRNA expression in SFC of patients with RA, we did not measure increased mRNA amounts of PC-1 in these cells. Both the ATX mRNA amount and the 5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity of SFC lysate were reduced after treatment of SFC with the cytokines IL-1beta or IL-4. IL-1beta and IL-4 induced a down-regulation of PC-1 mRNA and protein expression in SFC. In SFC treated with transforming growth factor-beta the expression of PC-1 mRNA and protein was increased, whereas no significant effect on ATX mRNA expression was detectable. Pharmacological drugs used in therapy for RA, such as dexamethasone, cyclosporin, methotrexate and indomethacin, did not show a statistically significant effect on either ATX mRNA or PC-1 mRNA expression. Only pentoxifylline suppressed ATX mRNA as well as PC-1 mRNA expression. In conclusion, we show a tight regulation of ATX and PC-1 gene expression by cytokines detectable in the inflamed tissue of RA. Further investigations will deal with the regulation of ATX protein expression as well as with the function of ATX in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kehlen
- Institute of Medical Immunology and Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany.
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Abstract
In the present study, we characterized in monocytes the rise in [Ca(2+)](i) evoked by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13, showing a two-phase calcium increase with a small-belled [Ca(2+)](i) rise due to the release of calcium from intracellular stores and a more sustained plateau due to the influx of calcium from the extracellular environment. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors were able to inhibit the rise in [Ca(2+)](i) induced by ligation APN/CD13, as were inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. For the first time we can show that mAbs to APN/CD13 provoke phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1/2, JNK, and p38. Furthermore, we show that mRNA of the chemotactic cytokine IL-8 is upregulated under the influence of APN/CD13 ligation. Although the in vivo ligand as well as possible cooperating membrane molecules remains to be identified, our results suggest that the membrane ectoenzyme APN/CD13 is a novel signal transduction molecule in monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Santos
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University, Strasse der OdF 6, Halle, D-06097, Germany
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Santos AN, Körber S, Küllertz G, Fischer G, Fischer B. Oxygen stress increases prolyl cis/trans isomerase activity and expression of cyclophilin 18 in rabbit blastocysts. Biol Reprod 2000; 62:1-7. [PMID: 10611060 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod62.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) activity and the expression of cyclophilins were studied in 6-day-old rabbit preimplantation embryos cultured under physiological and increased oxygen concentrations of 5% and 20% O(2), respectively. The PPIase activity was completely inhibited by cyclosporin A (CsA). The inhibitor of FK506-binding proteins, rapamycin, had no effect on the PPIase activity, indicating that the PPIase activity in rabbit blastocysts originates from cyclophilins. Using CsA affinity chromatography, only one cyclophilin with a molecular mass of about 17.8 kDa was separated. The cDNA of rabbit cyclophilin was cloned and sequenced. Analysis of the 682-base pair cDNA revealed an open reading frame coding for a polypeptide of 164 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 17.83 kDa. Homologies of 90% and 96% for the cDNA and amino acid sequence, respectively, to the human CyP18 were found, suggesting that the novel rabbit cyclophilin is a member of the CyP18 family (rabCyP18). The transcription level of rabCyP18 mRNA was 8.3 +/- 0.6 pg in 100 ng total RNA in noncultured blastocysts. In vitro culture with moderate oxygen stress (20% O(2)) resulted in a 1.5-fold increase in rabCyP18 transcription and an increased PPIase activity compared to that of blastocysts cultured with 5% O(2). Increase in transcription rate and PPIase activity by oxygen stress suggests an involvement of CyP18 in oxygen defense in rabbit preimplantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, D-06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Grosse C, Grass G, Anton A, Franke S, Santos AN, Lawley B, Brown NL, Nies DH. Transcriptional organization of the czc heavy-metal homeostasis determinant from Alcaligenes eutrophus. J Bacteriol 1999; 181:2385-93. [PMID: 10198000 PMCID: PMC93662 DOI: 10.1128/jb.181.8.2385-2393.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Czc system of Alcaligenes eutrophus mediates resistance to cobalt, zinc, and cadmium through ion efflux catalyzed by the CzcCB2A cation-proton antiporter. DNA sequencing of the region upstream of the czcNICBADRS determinant located on megaplasmid pMOL30 revealed the 5' end of czcN and a gene for a MgtC-like protein which is transcribed in the orientation opposite that of czc. Additional open reading frames upstream of czc had no homologs in the current databases. Using oligonucleotide-probed Northern blotting experiments, a 500-nucleotide czcN message and a 400-nucleotide czcI message were found, and the presence of 6, 200-nucleotide czcCBA message (D. Van der Lelie et al., Mol. Microbiol. 23:493-503, 1997) was confirmed. Induction of czcN, czcI, czcCBA, and czcDRS followed a similar pattern: transcription was induced best by 300 microM zinc, less by 300 microM cobalt, and only slightly by 300 microM cadmium. Reverse transcription-PCR gave evidence for additional continuous transcription from czcN to czcC and from czcD to czcS, but not between czcA and czcD nor between czcS and a 131-amino-acid open reading frame following czcS. The CzcR putative response regulator was purified and shown to bind in the 5' region of czcN. A reporter strain carrying a czcNIC-lacZ-czcBADRS determinant on plasmid pMOL30 was constructed, as were DeltaczcR and DeltaczcS mutants of this strain and of AE128(pMOL30) wild type. Experiments on (i) growth of these strains in liquid culture containing 5 mM Zn2+, (ii) induction of the beta-galactosidase in the reporter strains by zinc, cobalt, and cadmium, and (iii) cDNA analysis of czcCBA mRNA synthesis under inducing and noninducing conditions showed that the CzcRS two-component regulatory system is involved in Czc regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Grosse
- Institut für Mikrobiologie der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle, Germany
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Koerber S, Santos AN, Tetens F, Küchenhoff A, Fischer B. Increased expression of NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 2 (ND2) in preimplantation rabbit embryos cultured with 20% oxygen concentration. Mol Reprod Dev 1998; 49:394-9. [PMID: 9508090 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2795(199804)49:4<394::aid-mrd6>3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In vitro culture of mammalian preimplantation embryos is associated with various developmental disorders such as retardation in development and cell damage. The molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are poorly understood. One of the possible reasons may be the unphysiologically high oxygen concentration used for culture. Four-day-old rabbit blastocysts were cultured with 5% O2 (physiologic oxygen concentration) or 20% O2 (usually used for in vitro culture) for 4 hr. Differences in gene expression were analysed by differential display reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (DD RT-PCR). Thirty-two differentially expressed RNA bands were found. Two of them revealed a high sequence homology to the equine NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 2 (ND2), a subunit of complex I of the respiratory chain. mRNA expression of ND2 was increased in blastocysts cultured with the higher oxygen concentration. Increased expression of ND2 was confirmed by semiquantitative and semiquantitative competitive RT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koerber
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Santos AN, Riemann D, Santos AN, Kehlen A, Thiele K, Langner J. Treatment of fibroblast-like synoviocytes with IFN-gamma results in the down-regulation of autotaxin mRNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 229:419-24. [PMID: 8954913 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to isolate genes that change expression at the mRNA level during treatment of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (SFC) with IFN-gama, we performed a differential display analysis. Here, we report the isolation of a cDNA clone corresponding to a 3.1 kb mRNA species that is reduced in synoviocytes after culture with IFN-gama. Sequence analysis revealed the 211 bp length cDNA clone to be identical to the motility-stimulating 125 kDa protein autotaxin (ATX). The down-regulation of ATX mRNA was confirmed by Northern blot analysis as well as competitive RT-PCR. SFC express 1 ng ATX mRNA/microgram total RNA. IFN-gama down-regulated ATX mRNA up to 50% as compared to control. Our results add a new finding to the manifold functions described for IFN-gama in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Santos
- Institute of Med. Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
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Pinheiro A, Santos AN, Araujo MS, Alexandrino S, de Almeida A, de Souza CC, Costa PE, Cardoso P, Berranca N. [Acute respiratory insufficiency in chronic pulmonary diseases]. Braz J Anesthesiol 1966; 16:151-60. [PMID: 5942217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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