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Yadav LP, Gangadhara K, Apparao VV, Yadav V, Mishra DS, Singh AK, Rane J, Kaushik P, Janani P, Kumar R, Verma AK, Kumar S, Malhotra SK, Shekhawat N. Genetic diversity, morphological traits, quality traits and antioxidants potentiality of Coccinia grandis germplasm under rainfed semi-arid region. Sci Rep 2024; 14:868. [PMID: 38195737 PMCID: PMC10776759 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability for morphological and qualitative traits of Coccinia for development of trait specific lines at ICAR-Central Horticultural Experiment Station (CIAH-RS), Panchmahals (Godhra), Gujarat during 2020-2022. In this study, we evaluated 26 gynoecious accessions to assess the genetic divergence through principal component and cluster analysis. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications under rainfed semi-arid conditions. High values of PCV and GCV were observed for variables such as NFFP (25.13 and 22.20), PL (23.14 and 20.69), FD (24.01 and 21.46), AFW (22.98 and 20.13), NFPY (26.38 and 24.40), FYP (37.57 and 31.29), FY (35.55 and 33.20), AsC (28.65 and 27.73), Ac (24.32 and 21.06), TSS (37.23 and 35.94), DPPHL (20.71 and 20.38), FRAPL (21.08 and 20.92), TPF(20.81 and 20.45) respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for vine length (VL), internodal length (IL), number of female flowers per plant (NFFP), fruit length (FL), peduncle length (PL), fruit diameter (FD), average fruit weight (AFW), number of fruit per plant per year (NFPY), fruit yield per plant (FYP), fruit yield (FY), ascorbic acid (AsC), acidity (Ac), total soluble solids (TSS), total phenols in leaves TPL), total flavonoids in leaves TFL, CUPRAC in leaves (CUPRACL), DPPH in leaves (DPPHL), FRAP in leaves (FRAPL), Total phenols in fruits (TPF), Total flavonoids in fruits (TFF), CUPRAC in fruits (CUPRACF) and DPPH in fruits (DPPHF). The FYP exhibited a significant positive correlation with variables like VL (0.6833), IL (0.2991), NFFP (0.8107), FD (0.5245), AFW (0.6766), NFPY (0.7659), ASC (0.4611), TSS (0.5004) and TPF (0.4281). The estimates of genetic parameters revealed scope for further improvement of fruit yield by selection. Of the eight principal components, PC-I through PC-VIII had eigen values greater than 1 and it accounts 85.02% of the total variation for 26 gynoecious accessions of Ivy gourd. The eigen values of PC-I comprised 5.775% of total variation followed by PC-II (4.250%), PC-III (3.175%), PC-IV (2.588%), PC-V (1.828%), PC-VI (1.447%), PC-VII (1.179%) and PC-VIII (1.013%).The cluster VI and cluster I having highest mean values for most of traits under study. Thus, genotypes from the distinct cluster like cluster VI and I for should be used for selection of parents and varietal improvement for further breeding programme in ivy gourd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalu Prasad Yadav
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India.
| | - K Gangadhara
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India
| | - V V Apparao
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India
| | - D S Mishra
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India
| | - A K Singh
- ICAR-Central Horicultulal Experiment Station (CIAH RS), Godhra, 389340, Gujarat, India
| | - Jagdish Rane
- ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Beechwal, Bikaner, 334006, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prashant Kaushik
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125 004, Haryana, India
| | - P Janani
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Shillong, 793 009, Meghalaya, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Beechwal, Bikaner, 334006, Rajasthan, India
| | - A K Verma
- ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Beechwal, Bikaner, 334006, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125 004, Haryana, India
| | - S K Malhotra
- ICAR-Directorate of Knowledge Management in Agriculture, Pusa, 110012, New Delhi, India
| | - Neelam Shekhawat
- ICAR-NBPGR Regional Station Jodhpur, C/o CAZRI, Jodhpur, 342003, Rajasthan, India
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Singh S, Verma AK, Chowdhary N, Sharma S, Awasthi A. Dengue havoc: overview and eco-friendly strategies to forestall the current epidemic. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:124806-124828. [PMID: 37989950 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30745-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral illness that affects over 100 nations around the world, including Africa, America, the Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific. Those who get infected by virus for the second time are at greater risk of having persistent dengue symptoms. Dengue fever has yet to be treated with a long-lasting vaccination or medication. Because of their ease of use, mosquito repellents have become popular as a dengue prevention technique. However, this has resulted in environmental degradation and harm, as well as bioaccumulation and biomagnification of hazardous residues in the ecosystem. Synthetic pesticides have caused a plethora of serious problems that were not foreseen when they were originally introduced. The harm caused by the allopathic medications/synthetic pesticides/chemical mosquito repellents has paved the door to employment of eco-friendly/green approaches in order to reduce dengue cases while protecting the integrity of the nearby environment too. Since the cases of dengue have become rampant these days, hence, starting the medication obtained from green approaches as soon as the disease is detected is advisable. In the present paper, we recommend environmentally friendly dengue management strategies, which, when combined with a reasonable number of vector control approaches, may help to avoid the dengue havoc as well as help in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satpal Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India, 174103
| | - Arunima Kumar Verma
- Department of Zoology, Autonomous Government P.G. College, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India, 485001
| | - Nupoor Chowdhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India, 174103
| | - Shikha Sharma
- Department of Botany, Post Graduate Government College for Girls, Sector-11, Chandigarh, India, 160011
| | - Abhishek Awasthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India, 174103.
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Yadav K, Verma AK, Gupta S, Pathak AK, Sharma S, Awasthi A. Insight into molecular interaction between shrimp and white spot syndrome virus through MjsvCL-VP28 complex: an in-silico approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:7757-7767. [PMID: 36120991 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2124457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
White Spot disease is a devastating disease of shrimps caused by White Spot Syndrome Virus in multifarious shrimp species. At present there is no absolute medication to suppress the disease hence, there is an urgent need for development of drug against the virus. Molecular interaction between viral envelope protein VP28 and shrimp receptor protein especially chitins play a pivotal role in ingression of WSSV. In the present study, we have tried to shed light on structural aspects of lectin protein in Marsupenaeus japonicus (MjsvCL). A structural insight to the CTLD-domain of MjsvCL has facilitated the understanding of the binding mechanism between the two proteins that is responsible for entry of WSSV into shrimps. Further, incorporation of molecular dynamics simulation and MMPBSA studies revealed the affinity of binding and certain hotspot residues, which are critical for association of both the proteins. For the first time we have proposed that these amino acids are quintessential for formation of VP28-MjsvCL complex and play crucial role in entry of WSSV into shrimps. Targeting the interaction between VP28 and CTLD of MjsvCL may possibly serve as a potential drug target. The current study provides information for better understanding the interaction between VP28 and MjsvCL that could be a plausible site for future inhibitors against WSSV in shrimps.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arunima Kumar Verma
- Department of Zoology, Autonomous Government P.G. College, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sunita Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Ajey Kumar Pathak
- Fish Conservation Division, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, India
| | - Shikha Sharma
- Department of Botany, Post Graduate Government College for Girls, Sec-11,Chandigarh, India
| | - Abhishek Awasthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Sarkar VK, De UK, Kala A, Chauhan A, Verma AK, Paul BR, Soni S, Chaudhuri P, Patra MK, Gaur GK. Effects of oral probiotic and lactoferrin interventions on iron-zinc homeostasis, oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium and diarrhoea incidence of neonatal piglets. Benef Microbes 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37026367 DOI: 10.3920/bm2022.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of early-life host specific probiotic and lactoferrin (LF) supplementations on diarrhoea incidence, iron (Fe)-zinc (Zn) balance and antioxidant capabilities in serum of neonatal piglets. A total of eight sow litters obtained from parity matched sows were randomly divided into four groups and assigned to one of the four interventions: control (2.0 ml normal saline), bovine lactoferrin (bLF) (100 mg bLF in normal saline), probiotic (Pb) (1×109 cfu of swine origin Pediococcus acidilactici FT28 strain) and bLF+Pb (both 100 mg bLF and 1×109 cfu of P. acidilactici FT28). All the piglets received supplementations once daily orally for first 7 days of life. The incidence of diarrhoea markedly decreased in bLF group compared to control group. Notably, no incidences of diarrhoea were recorded in Pb and bLF+Pb groups. The Zn and Fe concentrations were significantly increased from day 7 to 21 in bLF and on day 21 in bLF+Pb group. No such changes were noted in Pb group. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in serum was significantly increased on days 7 and 15 in bLF group and on days 7 and 21 in bLF+Pb group. Malonaldehyde concentration was markedly reduced from day 7 to 21 in bLF and bLF+Pb groups. The concentrations of nitrate on days 15 and 21 and malonaldehyde on day 7 were significantly higher in Pb group, but mean TAC was unaltered from day 0 to 21. Although no correlation between the incidence of diarrhoea and Zn/Fe and oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis was noted in the Pb group, the supplementation of P. acidilactici FT28 alone was sufficient to prevent the incidence of diarrhoea in neonatal piglets. Taken together, it is concluded that strategic supplementation of P. acidilactici FT28 in early life could help in preventing diarrhoea until weaning of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sarkar
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - U K De
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - A Kala
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - A Chauhan
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - A K Verma
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - B R Paul
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - S Soni
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - P Chaudhuri
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - M K Patra
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - G K Gaur
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
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Kate GU, Krishnani KK, Kumar N, Sukhdhane K, Verma AK, Brahmane MP, Chadha NK, Kumar J. Abiotic and biotic stress alleviating effects of the medicinal and aromatic plant-derived product on striped catfish Pangasianodonhypophthalmus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 135:108625. [PMID: 36858327 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Intensification of aquaculture production leads to abiotic and biotic stresses, which are further induced by the impact of climate change. Thus, it is important to explore a combined strategy to alleviate multiple stresses in fish. In the present investigation, the removal of nitrogenous metabolites from aquaponics water was studied using products derived from five different locally available medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) namely banana stem (Musa Accuminata), Aloe vera, Mint (Minata sepicata), Indian beech/Pongameoil-tree/Karanj (Pongamia pinnatum), and Coat Button/Mexican daisy/Dagadipala (Tridax procrumbens) in the batch experiment for 24 h. A reduction of 91-94% in the ammonia level and 75-80% removal of nitrite-N in the treatments with products derived from mint, banana stem, and aloe vera has been observed. Mint product was also found to be bactericidal against fish pathogenic bacteria. Based on this dual function of mint, further study was conducted under wet-lab conditions to evaluate the possible protective role of the mint-based product in dry powder form against abiotic stresses caused by nitrogenous toxicants for 24 h and 45 days multiple stresses caused by nitrogenous toxicants in freshwater stocked with eight fingerlings of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus of the initial weight of 8 ± 0.5g for 24 h and 8.82 ± 0.75g for 45 days. The results revealed that mint-derived plant product has better anti-stress properties in terms of their bioremediation effectiveness in lowering ammonia and nitrite. Mint also improved the fish growth performance with better physiological responses and anti-oxidative status and reduced the cellular metabolic stress in fish reared under ammonia, as further indicated by reduced oxidative stress parameters, and tissue biochemical indices. Overall, mint showed its main properties as a growth promoter, and immune enhancer, where this medicinal plant product acts as a bioremediation and antibacterial agent to the host immune system. This has potential applications in the environmental and health management of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- G U Kate
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Deemed University), Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri (W), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - K K Krishnani
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Deemed University), Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri (W), Mumbai, 400061, India.
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune, 413115, India.
| | - K Sukhdhane
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Deemed University), Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri (W), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - A K Verma
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Deemed University), Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri (W), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - M P Brahmane
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Deemed University), Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri (W), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - N K Chadha
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Deemed University), Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri (W), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology, Sector-20, Udyog Vihar, Gurugram, 122016, India
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Kumar S, Verma AK, Singh SP, Awasthi A. Immunostimulants for shrimp aquaculture: paving pathway towards shrimp sustainability. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:25325-25343. [PMID: 35025041 PMCID: PMC8755978 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
At present, food security is a matter of debate of global magnitude and fulfilling the feeding requirement of > 8 billion human populations by 2030 is one of the major concerns of the globe. Aquaculture plays a significant role to meet the global food requirement. Shrimp species such as Litopenaeus vannamei, Penaeus monodon, and Macrobrachium rosenbergii are among the most popular food commodities worldwide. As per Global Outlook for Aquaculture Leadership survey, disease outbreaks have been a matter of concern from the past many decades regarding the shrimp aquaculture production. Among the past disease outbreaks, white spot disease caused by the white spot syndrome virus is considered to be one of the most devastating ones that caused colossal losses to the shrimp industry. Since the virus is highly contagious, it spreads gregariously among the shrimp population; hence, practicing proper sanitization practices is crucial in order to have disease-free shrimps. Additionally, in order to control the disease, antibiotics were used that further leads to bioaccumulation and biomagnification of antibiotics in several food webs. The bioaccumulation of the toxic residues in the food webs further adversely affected human too. Recently, immunostimulants/antivirals were used as an alternative to antibiotics. They were found to enhance the immune system of shrimps in eco-friendly manner. In context to this, the present paper presents a critical review on the immunostimulants available from plants, animals, and chemicals against WSSV in shrimps. Looking into this scenario, maintaining proper sanitation procedures in conjunction with the employment of immunostimulants may be a viable approach for preserving shrimp aquaculture across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arunima Kumar Verma
- Department of Zoology, Government Autonomous P.G. College, Madhya Pradesh, Satna, India
| | - Shivesh Pratap Singh
- Department of Zoology, Government Autonomous P.G. College, Madhya Pradesh, Satna, India
| | - Abhishek Awasthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Rathore S, Yadav A, Kumari S, Sharma V, Verma AK. Impact of Lockdown on Autopsy Cases in a Tertiary Medical Centre in Northern India: A Retrospective Analysis. Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine 2022; 44:31-37. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-0848.2022.00104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
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Sharma V, Verma AK, Sharma P, Pandey D, Sharma M. Differential proteomic profile of X- and Y- sorted Sahiwal bull semen. Res Vet Sci 2021; 144:181-189. [PMID: 34823871 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The identification of differential proteins between X- and Y-sperm may be useful for immunological sexing of sperm. Hence, the present study was aimed to compare the protein profile of X- and Y-sorted Sahiwal bull semen using SDS-PAGE and Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (Nano LC-MS). Semen sample (n = 6) were categorized into three groups i.e., group I (X-sorted), group II (Y-sorted) and control group (both X- and Y- sperms). SDS PAGE revealed specific proteins of molecular weight between 18 and 24 kDa and between 30 and 37 kDa were present in X-sorted sperms. Also, band corresponding to 25 kDa was specific to Y-sorted sperms. Data obtained from Nano LC/MS is analysed by search engine database i.e., MASCOT and SEQUEST HT. Total, 241 proteins were identified, out of which 113 were differentially expressed between X- and Y-sorted sperms, in which 54 proteins showed at least two unique peptides. Out of 54 proteins, 27 were upregulated in X-sorted sample, 3 were upregulated in Y-sorted sample and 24 were differentially downregulated. Highly upregulated protein in X-sperm viz. Armadillo repeat containing 12 protein, NDC1 transmembrane nucleoporin, β-nerve growth factor, C-type natriuretic peptide, Nucleobindin-2, Phosphoglycerate mutase 2, Calmodulin along with one uncharacterised protein having accession number F1MN9 may have potential to be used as biomarker for separating X and Y sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishaka Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G B Pant University of Agri. & Tech., Pantnagar 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G B Pant University of Agri. & Tech., Pantnagar 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Prachi Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G B Pant University of Agri. & Tech., Pantnagar 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Dinesh Pandey
- MBGE, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G B Pant University of Agri. & Tech., Pantnagar 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mridula Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G B Pant University of Agri. & Tech., Pantnagar 263145, Uttarakhand, India.
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Grivas P, Khaki AR, Wise-Draper TM, French B, Hennessy C, Hsu CY, Shyr Y, Li X, Choueiri TK, Painter CA, Peters S, Rini BI, Thompson MA, Mishra S, Rivera DR, Acoba JD, Abidi MZ, Bakouny Z, Bashir B, Bekaii-Saab T, Berg S, Bernicker EH, Bilen MA, Bindal P, Bishnoi R, Bouganim N, Bowles DW, Cabal A, Caimi PF, Chism DD, Crowell J, Curran C, Desai A, Dixon B, Doroshow DB, Durbin EB, Elkrief A, Farmakiotis D, Fazio A, Fecher LA, Flora DB, Friese CR, Fu J, Gadgeel SM, Galsky MD, Gill DM, Glover MJ, Goyal S, Grover P, Gulati S, Gupta S, Halabi S, Halfdanarson TR, Halmos B, Hausrath DJ, Hawley JE, Hsu E, Huynh-Le M, Hwang C, Jani C, Jayaraj A, Johnson DB, Kasi A, Khan H, Koshkin VS, Kuderer NM, Kwon DH, Lammers PE, Li A, Loaiza-Bonilla A, Low CA, Lustberg MB, Lyman GH, McKay RR, McNair C, Menon H, Mesa RA, Mico V, Mundt D, Nagaraj G, Nakasone ES, Nakayama J, Nizam A, Nock NL, Park C, Patel JM, Patel KG, Peddi P, Pennell NA, Piper-Vallillo AJ, Puc M, Ravindranathan D, Reeves ME, Reuben DY, Rosenstein L, Rosovsky RP, Rubinstein SM, Salazar M, Schmidt AL, Schwartz GK, Shah MR, Shah SA, Shah C, Shaya JA, Singh SRK, Smits M, Stockerl-Goldstein KE, Stover DG, Streckfuss M, Subbiah S, Tachiki L, Tadesse E, Thakkar A, Tucker MD, Verma AK, Vinh DC, Weiss M, Wu JT, Wulff-Burchfield E, Xie Z, Yu PP, Zhang T, Zhou AY, Zhu H, Zubiri L, Shah DP, Warner JL, Lopes G. Association of clinical factors and recent anticancer therapy with COVID-19 severity among patients with cancer: a report from the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:787-800. [PMID: 33746047 PMCID: PMC7972830 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cancer may be at high risk of adverse outcomes from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We analyzed a cohort of patients with cancer and coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) reported to the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) to identify prognostic clinical factors, including laboratory measurements and anticancer therapies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with active or historical cancer and a laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis recorded between 17 March and 18 November 2020 were included. The primary outcome was COVID-19 severity measured on an ordinal scale (uncomplicated, hospitalized, admitted to intensive care unit, mechanically ventilated, died within 30 days). Multivariable regression models included demographics, cancer status, anticancer therapy and timing, COVID-19-directed therapies, and laboratory measurements (among hospitalized patients). RESULTS A total of 4966 patients were included (median age 66 years, 51% female, 50% non-Hispanic white); 2872 (58%) were hospitalized and 695 (14%) died; 61% had cancer that was present, diagnosed, or treated within the year prior to COVID-19 diagnosis. Older age, male sex, obesity, cardiovascular and pulmonary comorbidities, renal disease, diabetes mellitus, non-Hispanic black race, Hispanic ethnicity, worse Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, recent cytotoxic chemotherapy, and hematologic malignancy were associated with higher COVID-19 severity. Among hospitalized patients, low or high absolute lymphocyte count; high absolute neutrophil count; low platelet count; abnormal creatinine; troponin; lactate dehydrogenase; and C-reactive protein were associated with higher COVID-19 severity. Patients diagnosed early in the COVID-19 pandemic (January-April 2020) had worse outcomes than those diagnosed later. Specific anticancer therapies (e.g. R-CHOP, platinum combined with etoposide, and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors) were associated with high 30-day all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Clinical factors (e.g. older age, hematological malignancy, recent chemotherapy) and laboratory measurements were associated with poor outcomes among patients with cancer and COVID-19. Although further studies are needed, caution may be required in utilizing particular anticancer therapies. CLINICAL TRIAL IDENTIFIER NCT04354701.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Grivas
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, USA.
| | - A R Khaki
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, USA; Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | | | - B French
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - C Hennessy
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - C-Y Hsu
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Y Shyr
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - X Li
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | | | - C A Painter
- Broad Institute, Cancer Program, Cambridge, USA
| | - S Peters
- Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B I Rini
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | | | - S Mishra
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - D R Rivera
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, USA
| | - J D Acoba
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, USA
| | - M Z Abidi
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - Z Bakouny
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - B Bashir
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - S Berg
- Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, USA
| | | | - M A Bilen
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - P Bindal
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - R Bishnoi
- University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - N Bouganim
- McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - D W Bowles
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - A Cabal
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, USA
| | - P F Caimi
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, USA; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - D D Chism
- Thompson Cancer Survival Center, Knoxville, USA
| | - J Crowell
- St. Elizabeth Healthcare, Edgewood, USA
| | - C Curran
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - A Desai
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, USA
| | - B Dixon
- St. Elizabeth Healthcare, Edgewood, USA
| | - D B Doroshow
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - E B Durbin
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - A Elkrief
- McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - D Farmakiotis
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - A Fazio
- Tufts Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston and Stoneham, USA
| | - L A Fecher
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - D B Flora
- St. Elizabeth Healthcare, Edgewood, USA
| | - C R Friese
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - J Fu
- Tufts Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston and Stoneham, USA
| | - S M Gadgeel
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute/Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - M D Galsky
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - D M Gill
- Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | - S Goyal
- George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - P Grover
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | - S Gulati
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | - S Gupta
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, USA
| | | | | | - B Halmos
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, USA
| | - D J Hausrath
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - J E Hawley
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - E Hsu
- Hartford HealthCare, Hartford, USA; University of Connecticut, Farmington, USA
| | - M Huynh-Le
- George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - C Hwang
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute/Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - C Jani
- Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, USA
| | | | - D B Johnson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - A Kasi
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA
| | - H Khan
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - V S Koshkin
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - N M Kuderer
- Advanced Cancer Research Group, LLC, Kirkland, USA
| | - D H Kwon
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | | | - A Li
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | | | - C A Low
- Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | - G H Lyman
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, USA
| | - R R McKay
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, USA
| | - C McNair
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - H Menon
- Penn State Health/Penn State Cancer Institute/St. Joseph Cancer Center, Hershey, USA
| | - R A Mesa
- Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, San Antonio, USA
| | - V Mico
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - D Mundt
- Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, USA
| | - G Nagaraj
- Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, USA
| | - E S Nakasone
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, USA
| | - J Nakayama
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA
| | - A Nizam
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, USA
| | - N L Nock
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, USA; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - C Park
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | - J M Patel
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - K G Patel
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, USA
| | - P Peddi
- Willis-Knighton Cancer Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - N A Pennell
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, USA
| | | | - M Puc
- Virtua Health, Marlton, USA
| | | | - M E Reeves
- Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, USA
| | - D Y Reuben
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | | | - R P Rosovsky
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | - M Salazar
- Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, San Antonio, USA
| | | | - G K Schwartz
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M R Shah
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA
| | - S A Shah
- Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - C Shah
- University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - J A Shaya
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, USA
| | - S R K Singh
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute/Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - M Smits
- ThedaCare Regional Cancer Center, Appleton, USA
| | | | - D G Stover
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | | | - S Subbiah
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - L Tachiki
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, USA
| | - E Tadesse
- Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, USA
| | - A Thakkar
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, USA
| | - M D Tucker
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - A K Verma
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, USA
| | - D C Vinh
- McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - M Weiss
- ThedaCare Regional Cancer Center, Appleton, USA
| | - J T Wu
- Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | | | - Z Xie
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, USA
| | - P P Yu
- Hartford HealthCare, Hartford, USA
| | - T Zhang
- Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - A Y Zhou
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - H Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - L Zubiri
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - D P Shah
- Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, San Antonio, USA
| | - J L Warner
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - GdL Lopes
- University of Miami/Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, USA
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10
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Yadav R, Lal P, Agarwal S, Misra S, Verma M, Das KJM, Senthil Kumar SK, Kumar A, Mishra SK, Agarwal A, Agarwal G, Mishra A, Chand G, Verma AK, Kumar S. Comparative retrospective analysis of locoregional recurrence in unselected breast cancer patients treated with conventional versus hypofractionated radiotherapy at a tertiary cancer center? J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 16:1314-1322. [PMID: 33342790 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_389_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Role of hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) in early breast cancer is established; comparatively, there are limited data for HFRT in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). We report the impact of HFRT in unselected breast cancer patients in comparison with historically treated patients with conventional fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT). Patients and Methods Records of 463 breast cancer patients treated between January 09 and July 13 with CFRT (50 Gy/25 fr) or HFRT (42.4 Gy in 16 fractions or 40 Gy in 15 fractions) in two sequential periods were retrospectively reviewed. The analysis was done in August 2018. The primary endpoint was to compare the differences in locoregional recurrence rate. Results Of the 463 patients, 209 received CFRT and 254 received HFRT. The median age was 48 years (interquartile range: 40-56), premenopausal (CFRT: 23% vs. HFRT 39%, P = 0.005). The most common pathology was infiltrating ductal carcinoma (81%) with Grade III tumors (45%), estrogen receptor (+) was seen in 44%, triple-negative breast cancer in 34%, and Her2Neu (3+) were seen in 27%. Two hundred and fifty-four patients (54.5%) had undergone breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and 209 patients (45%) modified radical mastectomy (MRM). Nodal radiotherapy was delivered in 76% versus 64% in patients receiving CFRT versus HFRT, respectively (P = 0.005). With a median follow-up of 46 months in CFRT and 57 months in HFRT, 9/209 (4.3%) patients in CFRT and 7/254 (2.7%) in HFRT had locoregional relapse (LRR). The 4 years#39; actuarial local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) in CFRT versus HFRT was 95% versus 97% (P = 0.37). The mean estimated LRFS (local relapse-free survival) for CFRT is 113.4 months and for HFRT 94.2 months (P = 0.3). Conclusions The risk of local recurrence among patients of breast cancer treated with HFRT after BCS or MRM was not worse when compared to CFRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Yadav
- Department of Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Punita Lal
- Department of Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushma Agarwal
- Department of Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shagun Misra
- Department of Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mranalini Verma
- Department of Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K J Maria Das
- Department of Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Anup Kumar
- Department of Biostatistics, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S K Mishra
- Department of Endosurgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Agarwal
- Department of Endosurgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Agarwal
- Department of Endosurgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anjali Mishra
- Department of Endosurgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gyan Chand
- Department of Endosurgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Endosurgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shaleen Kumar
- Department of Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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11
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Dobriyal N, Sagarika P, Shrivastava A, Verma AK, Islam Z, Gupta P, Mochizuki T, Abe F, Sahi C. Over-expression of Caj1, a plasma membrane associated J-domain protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, stabilizes amino acid permeases. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2020; 1862:183435. [PMID: 32777224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hsp70: J-domain protein (JDP) machines, along with the cellular protein degradation systems play a central role in regulating cellular proteostasis. An equally robust surveillance system operates at the plasma membrane too that affects proper sorting, stability as well as the turnover of membrane proteins. Although plausible, a definitive role of the Hsp70: JDP machine in regulating the stability of plasma membrane proteins is not well understood in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we show that a moderate over-expression of Caj1, one of the thirteen JDPs residing in the nucleo-cytosolic compartment of S. cerevisiae reduced the cold sensitivity of tryptophan auxotrophic yeast cells by stabilizing tryptophan permeases, Tat1 and Tat2 in a J-domain dependent manner. Concomitantly, higher Caj1 levels also caused slow growth and increased plasma membrane damage at elevated temperatures possibly due to the stabilization of thermolabile plasma membrane proteins. Finally, we show that although majorly cytosolic, Caj1 also co-localizes with the membrane dye FM4-64 at the cellular periphery suggesting that Caj1 might interact with the plasma membrane. Based on the results presented in this study, we implicate the Hsp70: Caj1 chaperone machine in regulating the stability or turnover of plasma membrane proteins in budding yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dobriyal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - P Sagarika
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A Shrivastava
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Z Islam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - P Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - T Mochizuki
- Molecular Genetic Research, Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan
| | - F Abe
- Molecular Genetic Research, Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan
| | - C Sahi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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12
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Kumar A, Gupta VK, Mandil R, Rahal A, Verma AK, Yadav SK. Interplay of oxidative stress and antioxidant bio markers in oil adjuvant Brucella melitensis vaccinated and challenged mice. Vaccine 2019; 37:3343-3351. [PMID: 31064674 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular nature of Brucella leads to rise in oxidative stress due to bacterial invasion, particularly at the site of predilection spleen and lymph nodes. The present study aimed to evaluate the erythrocytic and tissue specific oxidative stress responses induced during oil adjuvant killed Brucella melitensis vaccination. The results of the study clearly implicated a significant increase in level of catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and lipid peroxidation (LPO), and total protein content in erythrocytes after vaccination. The activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) was unaltered during the period of experiment. The catalase activity and GSH content was significantly increased in lung and spleen tissues. The tissues GST levels increased significantly in all tissues, while tissue SOD level increased significantly only in lung tissues. Thus, it can be inferred that oil adjuvant based Brucella vaccine induces negligible signs of inflammatory pathophysiology and supports the development of significant level of protection against virulent Brucella challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Immunology & Defense Mechanism, College of Biotechnology, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, 250110, India.
| | - V K Gupta
- CADRAD, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India
| | - Rajesh Mandil
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, 250110, India
| | - Anu Rahal
- Division of Goat Health, Central Institute for Research on Goats, Farha, Mathura, 281122, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, 250110, India
| | - S K Yadav
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, DUVASU, Mathura, 281001, India
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13
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Sudha MR, Jayanthi N, Pandey DC, Verma AK. Bacillus clausii UBBC-07 reduces severity of diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age: a double blind placebo controlled study. Benef Microbes 2019; 10:149-154. [PMID: 30638396 DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute diarrhoea is one of the leading causes of mortality in infants and young children. Evidence suggests that probiotics can reduce diarrhoea duration. As the effects of probiotics are strain specific, the effect of Bacillus clausii UBBC-07, a safe probiotic strain in the treatment of acute diarrhoea in children was studied. The double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel group multicentric study was conducted at two outpatient facility sites in Lucknow, India. Children aged six months to five years suffering from acute diarrhoea, were randomly assigned to receive either probiotic (B. clausii UBBC-07) spore suspension or placebo suspension twice daily apart from oral rehydration solution (ORS). The duration of treatment was for five days with a follow -up until the 10th day. Outcomes evaluated were duration and frequency of diarrhoea, consistency of stool, fever and vomiting. The duration of diarrhoea was significantly shorter (P<0.05) in patients who received B. clausii suspension (75.66±13.23 h) than in placebo treated group (81.6±15.43 h). The average daily number of stools (frequency) was 8.67±3.42 at baseline in treatment group receiving B. clausii and 8.53±3.19 in placebo group. By day 4, there was a significant reduction (P<0.01) in frequency of stools in probiotic treated group (3.46±0.66) as compared to placebo group (4.57±1.59). Improvement in stool consistency was also observed in the probiotic treated group as compared to the placebo group. There was no effect on vomiting and duration of fever. B. clausii UBBC-07 significantly decreased the duration and frequency of diarrhoea as compared to placebo indicating effectiveness of strain in the treatment of acute diarrhoea in children and could be a safe alternative to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ratna Sudha
- 1 Centre for Research & Development, Unique Biotech Ltd., Plot No. 2, Phase-II, Alexandria Knowledge Park, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - N Jayanthi
- 1 Centre for Research & Development, Unique Biotech Ltd., Plot No. 2, Phase-II, Alexandria Knowledge Park, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - D C Pandey
- 2 MV Hospital and Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Room No 01 314/30, Mirza Mandi Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Verma
- 3 K.R.M. hospital and Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Room No 01 3/92-93,Vijayant Khand Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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14
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Panwar P, Verma AK, Dubey A. Purification, developmental expression, and in silico characterization of α-amylase inhibitor from Echinochloa frumentacea. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:227. [PMID: 29719769 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1260-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Barnyard (Echinochloa frumentacea) and finger (Eleusine coracana) millet growing at northwestern Himalaya were explored for the α-amylase inhibitor (α-AI). The mature seeds of barnyard millet variety PRJ1 had maximum α-AI activity which increases in different developmental stage. α-AI was purified up to 22.25-fold from barnyard millet variety PRJ1. Semi-quantitative PCR of different developmental stages of barnyard millet seeds showed increased levels of the transcript from 7 to 28 days. Sequence analysis revealed that it contained 315 bp nucleotide which encodes 104 amino acid sequence with molecular weight 10.72 kDa. The predicted 3D structure of α-AI was 86.73% similar to a bifunctional inhibitor of ragi. In silico analysis of 71 α-AI protein sequences were carried out for biochemical features, homology search, multiple sequence alignment, phylogenetic tree construction, motif, and superfamily distribution of protein sequences. Analysis of multiple sequence alignment revealed the existence of conserved regions NPLP[S/G]CRWYVV[S/Q][Q/R]TCG[V/I] throughout sequences. Superfam analysis revealed that α-AI protein sequences were distributed among seven different superfamilies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyankar Panwar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand India
| | - Ashutosh Dubey
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand India
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15
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Mir NA, Tyagi PK, Biswas AK, Tyagi PK, Mandal AB, Sheikh SA, Deo C, Sharma D, Verma AK. Impact of feeding chromium supplemented flaxseed based diet on fatty acid profile, oxidative stability and other functional properties of broiler chicken meat. J Food Sci Technol 2017; 54:3899-3907. [PMID: 29085132 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A total of 240 broiler chicken of same hatch with uniform weight were used in a biological experiment with completely randomized design to investigate the effects of incorporating organic chromium (Cr) in flaxseed meal based diet on the fatty acid profile, oxidative stability and functional properties of broiler chicken meat. Five diets were formulated as per the recommendations of BIS (Nutrient requirements for poultry 13: 9863, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1992) in which flaxseed meal was used to replace 10% of soyabean in basal diet and four levels of Cr (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg diet) as Cr-picolinate were used. The results revealed that flaxseed feeding significantly increased the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids, including MUFA, PUFA, ω-3, ω-6 fatty acids and ω-3:ω-6 and PUFA:SFA ratios, whereas, significant decline was seen in saturated fatty acids and no effect of Cr was observed on the fatty acid profile of broiler chicken. Flaxseed feeding significantly reduced the cholesterol and fat percentage of meat, whereas, significant progressive reduction was observed with increasing Cr levels. The combination of 10% flaxseed with 1.0 mg Cr/kg diet increased the final pH of broiler meat. The addition of flaxseed significantly reduced water holding capacity, extract release volume and antioxidant potential of broiler meat, whereas, increasing Cr supplementation progressively increased them. Flaxseed feeding significantly increased the drip loss and lipid peroxidation of broiler meat, whereas, Cr supplementation decreased them. It was concluded that inclusion of 10% flaxseed and 1.5 mg Cr/kg diet results in desirable fatty acid profile, oxidative stability and functional properties of broiler chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Akbar Mir
- Division of Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122 India
| | - Praveen K Tyagi
- Division of Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122 India
| | - A K Biswas
- Division of Post-Harvest Technology, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122 India
| | - Pramod K Tyagi
- Division of Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122 India
| | - A B Mandal
- Division of Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122 India
| | - Sajad A Sheikh
- Division of Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122 India
| | - Chandra Deo
- Division of Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122 India
| | - Divya Sharma
- Division of Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122 India
| | - A K Verma
- Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281122 India
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16
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Verma AK, Gupta S, Singh SP, Nagpure NS. An update on mechanism of entry of white spot syndrome virus into shrimps. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2017; 67:141-146. [PMID: 28587833 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Host-parasite relationships can be best understood at the level of protein-protein interaction between host and pathogen. Such interactions are instrumental in understanding the important stages of life cycle of pathogen such as adsorption of the pathogen on host surface followed by effective entry of pathogen into the host body, movement of the pathogen across the host cytoplasm to reach the host nucleus and replication of the pathogen within the host. White Spot Disease (WSD) is a havoc for shrimps and till date no effective treatment is available against the disease. Moreover information regarding the mechanism of entry of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) into shrimps, as well as knowledge about the protein interactions occurring between WSSV and shrimp during viral entry are still at very meagre stage. A cumulative and critically assessed information on various viral-shrimp interactions occurring during viral entry can help to understand the exact pathway of entry of WSSV into the shrimp which in turn can be used to device drugs that can stop the entry of virus into the host. In this context, we highlight various WSSV and shrimp proteins that play role in the entry mechanism along with the description of the interaction between host and pathogen proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Kumar Verma
- Department of Zoology, Autonomous Government P.G. College, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Shipra Gupta
- Bioinformatics Centre, Biotech Park, Sector-G, Jankipuram, Lucknow, 226021, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivesh Pratap Singh
- Department of Zoology, Autonomous Government P.G. College, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Naresh Sahebrao Nagpure
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Mumbai, 40006, India
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Chekavar AS, Verma AK, Agarwal A, Mayilvahanan S, Sundarram T, Johri G, Bothra S. Letter to Editor: "Intra-operative assessment of excised breast tumour margins using clear edge imaging device". Eur J Surg Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28629985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A S Chekavar
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, India.
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Sabaretnam M, Mishra A, Agarwal G, Agarwal A, Verma AK, Mishra SK. Adrenocortical carcinoma in children and adults: Two decades experience in a single institution. Indian J Cancer 2017; 53:317-321. [PMID: 28071637 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.197737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) occurring in children and adults show distinct characteristics. However, due to rarity of the disease no large series addressing this issue has been published. AIMS The aim of this study was to study clinico-pathologic profile and outcome of ACC in children and adults. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Tertiary referral center. Retrospective study (January 1990-June 2011). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Forty-five patients with ACC were included; 16children (aged < 18 years) and 29 adults. Clinical details, hormonal profile, operation records, pathology reports and follow-up findings were noted and compared. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method. Log rank test and Cox regressionan alysis were performed. RESULTS Mean age was 8 ± 5.7 (M: F = 1:2.1) in children and 44.4 ± 15 years (M: F = 1:1.1) in adult groups. Prevalence of functioning tumors was significantly high in children (87.5 vs. 31% P = 0.001), while prevalence of incidentalomas was high in adults (6.3 vs. 51.7% P = 0.05). Tumor stage distribution at presentation, mean diameter (10.9 vs. 13.7 cm), and weight (392.9 vs. 892.9 g) didn't differ significantly in two groups. Adults had better albeit non-significant 5 year overall survival (OS) than children (0 vs. 13%). On univariate analysis stage of disease (P = 0.008), surgical intervention (P = 0.004), Weiss score (P = 0.04) and hormonal secretion (P = 0.04) were significantly associated with OS in adults but not in children. No factor was found significant on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Except for high prevalence of functioning tumors in children, clinico-pathologic attributes and outcome of ACC in the two groups didn't differ significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sabaretnam
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A Mishra
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - G Agarwal
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A Agarwal
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - S K Mishra
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Agarwal G, Sonthineni C, Maylivahanan S, Chand G, Mishra A, Agarwal A, Verma AK, Mishra SK, Agrawal V, Krishnani N, Lal P. Abstract P1-11-07: Frozen section histology evaluation of surgical margins helps perform single step oncologically safe and cost-effective breast conservation surgery. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p1-11-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Agarwal
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - C Sonthineni
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - S Maylivahanan
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - G Chand
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - A Mishra
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - A Agarwal
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - AK Verma
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - SK Mishra
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - V Agrawal
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - N Krishnani
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - P Lal
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, UP, India
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Yadav KD, Chaudhary AK, Verma AK. Bioavailability Enhancement of Partially Water Soluble Solid Medicament in Traditional System of Medicine. Indian J Pharm Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Dowarah R, Verma AK, Agarwal N. The use of Lactobacillus as an alternative of antibiotic growth promoters in pigs: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3:1-6. [PMID: 29767055 PMCID: PMC5941084 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics, often supplemented in feed, used as a growth promoter, may cause their residual effect in animal produce and also trigger antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which is of serious concern among swine farming entrepreneurs. As an alternative, supplementing probiotics gained interest in recent years. Lactobacillus being the most commonly used probiotic agent improves growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, nutrient utilization, intestinal microbiota, gut health and regulates immune system in pigs. The characteristics of Lactobacillus spp. and their probiotic effects in swine production are reviewed here under.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjun Dowarah
- CAFT in Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - A K Verma
- CAFT in Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - Neeta Agarwal
- CAFT in Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
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Prajapati OP, Verma AK, Sharma RK, Sabaretnam M. Renal transplantation: Assessment of "at risk" diabetic foot and recommendations for mitigation. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2016; 27:893-901. [PMID: 27751995 DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.190780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a prospective study (between November 2013 and January 2015) to identify "foot at risk" in the diabetic renal transplant patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India. Patients (151) were divided into three groups: diabetic transplant recipients (n = 42), new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) (n = 59), and controls (nondiabetic renal transplant recipients) (n = 50). Foot neuropathy and vasculopathy were assessed by standard methods. Patients with "at risk" feet were given foot care advice. Of the 151 patients, 144 patients were male and seven were female with a male:female ratio of 20:1. Peripheral neuropathy was present among 42.9% of diabetic transplant patients, 35.6% of NODAT patients, and 12% of control patients. Vasculopathy was present in 28.6% of diabetic transplant patients, 23.7% of NODAT patients, and 2% of control patients. On multivariate analysis, patient's age, mean time interval since transplantation, and HbA1c levels were significantly associated with neuropathy, whereas the duration of diabetes and vibration perception threshold was associated with vasculopathy. After undergoing renal transplantation, a significant number of diabetic and NODAT patients has their "feet at risk" who in future may develop full-blown lesions of the diabetic foot. Proper advice to patients and information to the treating doctor helps to mitigate the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- O P Prajapati
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R K Sharma
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Sabaretnam
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Agrawal R, Srivastava A, Verma AK. Immobilization of β-glucosidase onto silicon oxide nanoparticles and augment of phenolics in sugarcane juice. J Food Sci Technol 2016; 53:3002-3012. [PMID: 27765970 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purified β-glucosidase was immobilized on SiO2 nanoparticles with 52 % efficiency and 14.1 % yield. It had a temperature optima at 60 °C and pH optima of 5.0. Immobilized enzyme was fairly stable at 60-70 °C. After immobilization, the Km value of β-glucosidase for p-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (pNPG) increased from 0.9 to 1.074 mM and Vmax decreased from 3.5 to 1.513 U/mg. The immobilized enzyme showed improved storage stability at temperature 4 and 25 °C and was reusable for up to ten cycles with 70 % residual activity in pNPG and 60 % residual activity in sugarcane juice treatment. Sugarcane juice density, viscosity; surface tension etc. changed after treatment with immobilized β-glucosidase. β-Glucosidase treated sugarcane juice showed higher phenolics than untreated sugarcane juice. Caffeic acid which was absent in juice, was detected in β-glucosidase treated juice at a concentration of about 1 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Agrawal
- Department of Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology-Indian Oil Corporation Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad, Haryana 121007 India
| | - Anjana Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand 263145 India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand 263145 India
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Sabaretnam M, Reddy AC, Rajan S, Chekavar A, Verma AK. "Parathyroid surgery can be safely performed in a community hospital by experienced parathyroid surgeons: A retrospective cohort study". Int J Surg 2016; 32:186. [PMID: 27317901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayilvaganan Sabaretnam
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India.
| | - Ashwini C Reddy
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Sendhil Rajan
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Aromal Chekavar
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
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Abstract
β-Glucosidases are diverse group of enzymes with great functional importance to biological systems. These are grouped in multiple glycoside hydrolase families based on their catalytic and sequence characteristics. Most studies carried out on β-glucosidases are focused on their industrial applications rather than their endogenous function in the target organisms. β-Glucosidases performed many functions in bacteria as they are components of large complexes called cellulosomes and are responsible for the hydrolysis of short chain oligosaccharides and cellobiose. In plants, β-glucosidases are involved in processes like formation of required intermediates for cell wall lignification, degradation of endosperm’s cell wall during germination and in plant defense against biotic stresses. Mammalian β-glucosidases are thought to play roles in metabolism of glycolipids and dietary glucosides, and signaling functions. These enzymes have diverse biotechnological applications in food, surfactant, biofuel, and agricultural industries. The search for novel and improved β-glucosidase is still continued to fulfills demand of an industrially suitable enzyme. In this review, a comprehensive overview on detailed functional roles of β-glucosidases in different organisms, their industrial applications, and recent cloning and expression studies with biochemical characterization of such enzymes is presented for the better understanding and efficient use of diverse β-glucosidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Singh
- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176062, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour, 173101, India.
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Narwaria US, Mehla RK, Verma KK, Lathwal SS, Yadav R, Verma AK. Study of short lactation in Sahiwal cattle at organized farm. Vet World 2016; 8:690-4. [PMID: 27047157 PMCID: PMC4774735 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.690-694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim was to study the associated factors and extent of short lactations in Sahiwal cattle maintained under organized herd. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on Sahiwal cattle (n=530), utilizing 1724 lactation records with respect to lactation length (LL), spread over a period of 15 years (1997-2011), maintained at Livestock Research Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal. Observations of LL were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis in order to know the extent of short lactation of animals in the herd. Paternal Half sib method was used to estimate the genetic parameters, i.e., heritability, genetic, and phenotypic correlation. The influence of various non-genetic factors (season of calving, the period of calving, parity, type of calving, and season of drying) on LL was studied by least squares analysis of variance technique. Results: The least squares means for LL was found to be 215.83±3.08 days. Only 32.48% of total lactation records were fell in the range of 251-350 days of LL, while more than three-fourth (76%) of total observations were failed to reach the standard level of 305 milking days. LL class ranges from 251 to 300 days accommodated maximum number of observations (19.2%). The heritability estimate of LL was 0.22±0.07. Positive correlations were found between LL and service period, LL and 305 or less days milk yield, LL and calving interval; whereas dry period was negatively correlated with the LL. The least squares analysis had shown that LL was significantly (p<0.01) influenced by the period of calving, type of calving, and season of drying. Significantly higher LL (276.50±7.21 days) was found in animals calved in the first period than those calved in other periods. The cows dried during summer season had the shortest LL (188.48±7.68 days) as compared to other seasons. Conclusion: Present findings regarding short lactations occurrence may be alarming for the indigenous herd, demanding comprehensive study with the larger data set. Since LL was influenced by various environmental factors suggesting better managerial tools, besides special attention on the milch animals going to dry during the summer season.
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Affiliation(s)
- U S Narwaria
- Livestock Production and Management Section, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana - 132 001, India
| | - R K Mehla
- Livestock Production and Management Section, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana - 132 001, India
| | - K K Verma
- Livestock Production and Management Section, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana - 132 001, India
| | - S S Lathwal
- Livestock Production and Management Section, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana - 132 001, India
| | - Rajnarayan Yadav
- Livestock Production and Management Section, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana - 132 001, India
| | - A K Verma
- Livestock Production and Management Section, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana - 132 001, India
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Sukrithan VK, Salamon JN, Berulava G, Sibinga NE, Verma AK. P5: SYSTEMIC MASTOCYTOSIS PRESENTING AS CARDIAC TAMPONADE WITH CD25 + PERICARDIAL MAST CELLS. J Investig Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-2016-000080.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of StudyCase.Methods UsedDescriptive.Summary of ResultsA 59 year old man with a history of lymphadenopathy, presented with shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain since three days. A hyperpigmented maculopapular rash with urticaria was present along with multiple syncopal episodes and chronic diarrhea. CT scan of the abdomen in 2006 revealed lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and osteosclerosis. Inguinal and cervical lymph node biopsies in 2006 and 2012, and two bone marrow biopsies in 2012 were negative for malignancy. In 2009, he was diagnosed with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy with an ejection fraction of 40%. Peripheral blood, lymph node, and bone marrow flow cytometry were also unrevealing. On admission, the eosinophil count on admission was 500/µL. Echocardiography showed a large pericardial effusion with impaired right ventricular filling and significant respiratory variation in transmitral flow velocity. A pericardial window was placed, with drainage of approximately 1 liter of exudative fluid. During the surgery, the patient suffered sudden hypotension requiring epinephrine infusion. Tryptase levels drawn were 115 and 154 ng/ml. Pericardial tissue showed scattered c-Kit+ and CD25+ mast cells and blood PCR showed D816V mutation in the c-KIT gene. Re-stained stomach biopsy specimens from 2006 showed two clusters of c-Kit+ and CD25+ mast cells. A bone marrow biopsy showed aggregates of c-Kit+, tryptase+, CD25+ mast cells consistent with Systemic Mastocytosis. The transient hypotension was likely due to distributive shock from mast cell degranulation. Hyperactive mast cells may have served as mediators of the inflammatory response, contributing to production of the pericardial effusion leading to tamponade.ConclusionsSM with tamponade.Abstract P5 Figure 1
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Agarwal G, Gambhir S, Lal P, Rajan S, Krishnani N, Mishra A, SabaRetnam M, Agarwal A, Chand G, Verma AK, Mishra SK, Kumari N, Agrawal V, Kheruka SC. Abstract P3-01-06: Sentinel lymph node biopsy after NACT: Results of a validation study in large/locally advanced breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-01-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the current standard of care for surgical staging of clinically node negative axilla (N0) early breast cancer patients undergoing primary surgery. SLN- identification rate (IR) of 90% and SLN- false negative rate (FNR) of 10% are considered minimum acceptable indices for SLNB. Its role in staging axillae in patients undergoing post-NACT surgery is somewhat unclear. In India, and most low-and-middle income countries, large operable breast cancers (LOBC) and locally advanced breast cancers (LABC) constitute a large proportion of breast cancer patients treated. These patients are usually are treated with NACT, followed by surgery and radiation therapy. In a prospective validation SLNB study, we investigated the accuracy of SLNB in staging post-NACT N0 axilla in a patient cohort that were LOBC or LABC at the time of initial presentation.
Methods:
Hundred consenting non-inflammatory LOBC/LABC patients (mean age 49.3+8.6; index stage T3,N0-1=21; T4b,N0-1=33; T1-3,N2a=24; T4b,N2a=22) who were N0 after NACT at time of surgery (Breast conservation surgery in 19, Mastectomy in 81) were included. Majority had Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (n=87), and grade II/III tumors (n=93); 45 were hormone receptor positive (+), 29 had HR negative (-) HER2(+); and 26 had triple negative breast cancer on IHC sub-typing. Commonest NACT regimen used was Anthracycline followed by taxanes in 83. SLNB was performed using low-cost methylene-blue and 99mTc-Antimony-colloid, which were produced in-house using well standardized protocols, with clearance of the institutional ethics committee. Irrespective of the SLN histology, a complete axillary dissection (ALND) was carried out in all. SLN-IR and SLN-FNR were calculated, comparing the histological status of the SLN and the ALND specimen. Factors predicting non-identified SLN and false negative SLN were evaluated in uni-variate and multi-variate analysis.
Results:
With a combination of methylene blue dye and radiopharmaceutical, the SLN-IR was 81%. Mean number of SLN removed was 2.4+/-1.02. Mean number of nodes removed at ALND was 13.3+/-2.2. SLN-IR varied significantly (p<0.05) per index stage, and were- 90.4% in T3,N0-1; 84.4% in T4b,N0-1; 83.3% in T1-3,N2a; and 63.6% in T4bN2a. The FNR was 17.3% for the whole cohort. FNR varied significantly (p<0.05) per index stage, and were- 8.3% in T3,N0-1; 14.9% in T4b,N0-1; 22.2% in T1-3,N2a; and 30% in T4bN2a. Factors found predictive of non-identified SLN were tumor stage T4b, nodal stage N2a, extra-nodal spread, and LVI. Factors found predictive of FNR SLN were tumor stage T4b, nodal stage N2a, and extra-nodal spread.
Conclusions:
Considering SLN-IR of 90% and SLN-FNR of 10% as acceptable standards, SLNB in post-NACT N0 patients undergoing surgery was not found robust in staging the axilla, with the exception of patients with index stage T3,N0-1 who had SLN-IR of 90.4% and SLN-FNR of 8.3%. Patients with (pre-NACT) skin involvement(T4b), matted axillary nodes(N2a) and LVI are fraught with high-risk of non-identification and false-negative SLNB.
Citation Format: Agarwal G, Gambhir S, Lal P, Rajan S, Krishnani N, Mishra A, SabaRetnam M, Agarwal A, Chand G, Verma AK, Mishra SK, Kumari N, Agrawal V, Kheruka SC. Sentinel lymph node biopsy after NACT: Results of a validation study in large/locally advanced breast cancer patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-01-06.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Agarwal
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - S Gambhir
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - P Lal
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - S Rajan
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - N Krishnani
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - A Mishra
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - M SabaRetnam
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - A Agarwal
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - G Chand
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - AK Verma
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - SK Mishra
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - N Kumari
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - V Agrawal
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - SC Kheruka
- Endocrine & Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India; Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
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Abstract
A 52 years old lady was diagnosed to have Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) on the basis of 2 major and one minor criterion. She had family history of similar complaints in her sister and two sons. There was involvement of kidney in the form of angiomyolipoma, skin in the form of facial angiofibroma and teeth with a dental pit. She had an unusual lung involvement in the form of multiple small choristomas. Choristoma was diagnosed on transbronchial lung biopsy and was present in the form of disorganised striated muscles. The reported pulmonary manifestations of TCS i.e. lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) and multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia (MMPH) are types of hamartomas. Hamartomas and choristomas are both types of disorganized tissue. ‘Choristoma’of lung in TSC however is not reported. Clinopathological correlation of pulmonary hamartoma and choristoma, and treatment in TSC has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Gothi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ESI-Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (PGIMSR), Delhi, India
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Verma AK, Ali M, Suhag A, Bhargava S, Yadav H. Fabrication of Hollow Bulb Obturator with Maxillary Partial Denture for Congenital Cleft Palate Defect. MGM Journal of Medical Sciences 2015. [DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10036-1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A K Verma
- Endocrine Surgery, SGPGI, Lucknow, India
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Abstract
A fascinating and important arbovirus is Ross River Virus (RRV) which is endemic and epizootic in nature in certain parts of the world. RRV is a member of the genus Alphavirus within the Semliki Forest complex of the family Togaviridae, which also includes the Getah virus. The virus is responsible for causing disease both in humans as well as horses. Mosquito species (Aedes camptorhynchus and Aedes vigilax; Culex annulirostris) are the most important vector for this virus. In places of low temperature as well as low rainfall or where there is lack of habitat of mosquito there is also limitation in the transmission of the virus. Such probability is higher especially in temperate regions bordering endemic regions having sub-tropical climate. There is involvement of articular as well as non-articular cells in the replication of RRV. Levels of pro-inflammatory factors viz., tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); interferon-gamma (IFN-γ); and macrophage chemo-attractant protein-1 (MAC-1) during disease pathogenesis have been found to be reduced. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the most advanced molecular diagnostic tool along with epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting RRV infection. Treatment for RRV infection is only supportive. Vaccination is not a fruitful approach. Precise data collection will help the researchers to understand the RRV disease dynamics and thereby designing effective prevention and control strategy. Advances in diagnosis, vaccine development and emerging/novel therapeutic regimens need to be explored to their full potential to tackle RRV infection and the disease it causes.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT:Objective:Our goal was to perform a quantitative evaluation of the improvement in functional capacity, quality of life, mental function, reduction in drug intake and impact on hospital admissions after vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures. The efficacy of vertebroplasty in relief of pain has been addressed in previous publications but the quantitative evaluation of improvement in quality of life has not been addressed before.Methods:This is a prospective study of 42 patients with 83 symptomatic vertebral fractures treated by vertebroplasty with a mean follow-up of 9.1 months. The outcome was measured by pre and postoperatively utilizing the Visual Analogue Scale, the Oswestry Disability Index, the Rolland Morris Scale for Back Pain and EuroQol-5D questionnaire (EQ-5D). The postoperative evaluations were performed at one week, one month, three month, and six month intervals thereafter.Results:In 34 out of 39 active patients, marked pain relief was noted (87%). The Visual Analogue Scale score improved from a mean preoperative score of 8.2 to a mean postoperative score of 2.9 (p=0.0000003) at one week follow up and 3.9 at the last follow-up. The Rolland Morris Scale for Back Pain showed a drop from a mean preoperative rating of 13 to a mean postoperative rating of 10, showing a 25% improvement (p= 0.0207). The Oswestry Disability Index preoperatively was 64.4 which improved to 43.8 postoperatively, showing a 32% improvement (p= 0.0207). The EQ-5D showed a mean preoperative index value of 0.097 and mean postoperative index value of 0.592 (p = 0.0000003). All p-values were determined by the Willcoxin sign-ranked test.Conclusion:Vertebroplasty is a safe and efficacious procedure with a resulting improvement in pain and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Section of Neurosurgery, Regina General Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, SK, Canada
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Abstract
The main aim of this study was to determine the causes and epidemiological aspects of unnatural deaths in the elderly. Data were collected on 4405 male and female victims of unnatural deaths aged 50 years or more from the total number of 21,235 autopsies performed in King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India over a 5-year period, from 2008 to 2012. There were 3165 male victims and 1240 female victims. Unnatural deaths were higher in rural (64%) than in urban (37%) areas. Accidental deaths were the most common manner of unnatural deaths (59%), followed by suicidal deaths (34%) and homicidal deaths (7%). Traumas were the most common cause of unnatural death (77.3%), followed by undetermined causes (16.6%) and toxicological causes (6.1%). The most common causes of traumatic deaths were blunt head injuries (34%) followed by stab in the chest (6%), burn (16%), blunt injuries in abdomen and chest (10%), firearm injuries in the head and trunk (9%), strangulation (3%), stab in the abdomen (4%), smothering (4%), cut throat (3%), throttling (1%) and hanging (10%). Carbamate poisoning was the most common cause of toxicological deaths (44%) followed by organophosphorous poisoning (33%), ethyl alcohol poisoning (12%), barbiturate poisoning (3%) and zinc phosphide poisoning (8%).
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Dhama K, Rajagunalan S, Chakraborty S, Verma AK, Kumar A, Tiwari R, Kapoor S. Food-borne pathogens of animal origin-diagnosis, prevention, control and their zoonotic significance: a review. Pak J Biol Sci 2014; 16:1076-85. [PMID: 24506006 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2013.1076.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The term food borne diseases or food-borne illnesses or more commonly food poisoning are used to denote gastrointestinal complications that occur following recent consumption of a particular food or drink. Millions of people suffer worldwide every year and the situation is quiet grave in developing nations creating social and economic strain. The food borne pathogens include various bacteria viz., Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus, Arcobacter, Clostridium perfringens, Cl. botulinum and Bacillus cereus and helminths viz., Taenia. They also include protozoa viz., Trichinella, Sarcocystis, Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptosporidium parvum. The zoonotic potential and the ability to elaborate toxins by many of the microbes causing fatal intoxication are sufficient to understand the seriousness of the situation. The viral agents being host specific their transmission to humans through food of animal origin is not yet confirmed although these animal viruses are similar to that of viruses infecting human. Food-borne bacteria; protozoa and helminthes have complex distribution pattern in the environment and inside the host system. This along with complexity of the maintenance chain and life cycle (of parasites) has made it difficult for epidemiologist and diagnostician to undertake any immediate safety measures against them. Serological and molecular diagnostic tests viz. ELISA, Latex agglutination test, Lateral flow assays, Immunomagnetic separation assays, molecular assays viz. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), multiplex PCR, immuno-PCR, Realtime PCR, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR, DNA microarrays and probes are widely used. Along with these LAMP assays, Capillary Electrophoresis-Single Strand Confirmation polymorphism (CE-SSCP); Flow cytometry, FISH, Biosensors, Direct epifluorescent filter technique, nanotechnology based methods and sophisticated tools (ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and chlonangio-pancreatography) have aided in the diagnosis greatly. Most of the food-borne illnesses are self-limiting but in many instances antibiotics are recommended. With the increased drug resistance however use of chicken immunoglobulin, bacteriophage therapy, probiotics and herbs are gaining much importance these days. Adoption of proper prevention and control measures (including cooking procedures; hygiene, strict adherence to HACCP principles, public awareness and disease surveillance and monitoring) are the need of hour. All these have been discussed vividly in this review to help epidemiologists, diagnosticians, clinicians and above all common people so as to enable them avoid negligence regarding such serious issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly (U.P.)-243122, India
| | - S Rajagunalan
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly (U.P.)-243122, India
| | - S Chakraborty
- Animal Resource Development Department, Pt. Nehru Complex, Agartala, Tripura-799001, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidyalaya Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura (U.P.)-281001, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidyalaya Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura (U.P.)-281001, India
| | - R Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidyalaya Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura (U.P.)-281001, India
| | - S Kapoor
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, LLRUVAS, Hisar, Haryana, India
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Kumar V, Sangwan P, Verma AK, Agrawal S. Molecular and biochemical characteristics of recombinant β-propeller phytase from Bacillus licheniformis strain PB-13 with potential application in aquafeed. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 173:646-59. [PMID: 24687556 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0871-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Phytic acid is the major storage form of organic phosphorus in nature- and plant-based animal feed. It forms insoluble complexes with nutritionally important metals and proteins that are unavailable for monogastric or agastric animals. Phytases initiate the stepwise hydrolysis of phytic acid and release inorganic orthophosphate. In the present investigation, the phytase gene from a phytase producing Bacillus licheniformis strain PB-13 was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. Recombinant phytase 'rPhyPB13' was found to be catalytically active, with an activity of 0.97 U/mL and specific activity of 0.77 U/mg. The rPhyPB13 was purified to 14.10-fold using affinity chromatography. Similar to other β-propeller phytases, purified rPhyPB13 exhibited maximal activity at pH 6.0-6.5 and 60 °C in the presence of 1 mM Ca(2+) and was highly active over a wider pH range (pH 4.0-8.0) and high temperature (80 °C). It has shown maximum activity towards Na-phytate as substrate. The observed K m , V max and k cat of purified rPhyPB13 were 1.064 mM, 1.32 μmol/min/mg and 27.46 s(-1), respectively. PhyPB13 was resistant to trypsin inactivation, activated in presence of Ca(2+) and inhibited in presence of EDTA. Crude rPhyPB13 has good digestion efficiency for commercial feed and soybean meal. These results indicate that PhyPB13 is a β-propeller phytase that has application potential in aquaculture feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India, 263145
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Kuo PY, Leshchenko VV, Fazzari MJ, Perumal D, Gellen T, He T, Iqbal J, Baumgartner-Wennerholm S, Nygren L, Zhang F, Zhang W, Suh KS, Goy A, Yang DT, Chan WC, Kahl BS, Verma AK, Gascoyne RD, Kimby E, Sander B, Ye BH, Melnick AM, Parekh S. High-resolution chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing reveals novel binding targets and prognostic role for SOX11 in mantle cell lymphoma. Oncogene 2014; 34:1231-40. [PMID: 24681958 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sex determining region Y-box 11 (SOX11) expression is specific for mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) as compared with other non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. However, the function and direct-binding targets of SOX11 in MCL are largely unknown. We used high-resolution chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing to identify the direct target genes of SOX11 in a genome-wide, unbiased manner and elucidate its functional significance. Pathway analysis identified WNT, PKA and TGF-beta signaling pathways as significantly enriched by SOX11-target genes. Quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and promoter reporter assays confirmed that SOX11 directly binds to individual genes and modulates their transcription activities in these pathways in MCL. Functional studies using RNA interference demonstrate that SOX11 directly regulates WNT in MCL. We analyzed SOX11 expression in three independent well-annotated tissue microarrays from the University of Wisconsin (UW), Karolinska Institute and British Columbia Cancer Agency. Our findings suggest that high SOX11 expression is associated with improved survival in a subset of MCL patients, particularly those treated with intensive chemotherapy. Transcriptional regulation of WNT and other biological pathways affected by SOX11-target genes may help explain the impact of SOX11 expression on patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P-Y Kuo
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - V V Leshchenko
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M J Fazzari
- 1] Department of Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA [2] Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - D Perumal
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - T Gellen
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - T He
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Iqbal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - S Baumgartner-Wennerholm
- Department of Medicine, Center for Haematology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Nygren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Zhang
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - W Zhang
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - K S Suh
- Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - A Goy
- Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - D T Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - W-C Chan
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - B S Kahl
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, and The UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A K Verma
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - R D Gascoyne
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - E Kimby
- Department of Medicine, Center for Haematology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Sander
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B H Ye
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - A M Melnick
- 1] Hematology and Oncology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Parekh
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Kant S, Srivastava R, Verma AK, Singh HP, Singh S, Ranganath TG, Anand S. Maxillary sinus tuberculosis: various presentations. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2013; 55:175-177. [PMID: 24380228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) of the maxillary sinus is rare. We describe the clinical presentation, management and outcome in two human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seronegative patients with histopathologically confirmed maxillary sinus TB. One of the patients who presented earlier in the course of the disease could be managed with antituberculosis treatment alone, while the other who presented late required surgical intervention as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Kant
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CSM Medical University, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), India.
| | - R Srivastava
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CSM Medical University, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CSM Medical University, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - H P Singh
- Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, CSM Medical University, Lucknow(Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - S Singh
- Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, CSM Medical University, Lucknow(Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - T G Ranganath
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CSM Medical University, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - Shipra Anand
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CSM Medical University, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), India
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Verma AK, Bajaj S, Verma S, Varma A, Meena LP. Study of the association of metabolic syndrome with schizophrenia in north eastern part of India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2013.170420131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major public health problem, associated with substantial morbidity and socio-economic burden. An early detection can help in reducing the fracture rates and overall socio-economic burden. The present study was carried out to screen the bone status (osteopenia and osteoporosis) above the age of 35 yrs in the women. A community based cross sectional study was carried out in 158 women by calculating WHO T-scores utilizing calcaneal QUS as diagnostic tool. The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was found to be 13.3% ± 5.29% and 48.1% ± 7.79% respectively. Statistical association of prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis was found to be significant with age group; gravida status; attainment of menopause; body weight and physically active status of the women. The statistical association was not significant in relation to the rank status of their husband, as well as dietary pattern of the women but still it has to be substantiated by conducting larger community based trials in future. The present study found that there was statistically significant relationship between age group and the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis. There was a negative correlation between age of the women and BMD. Besides age, gravida status and menopausal status have negative correlation with BMD while positive correlation with physically active lifestyle. The results were found to be non-significant in relation to rank status of husband and dietary pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Agrawal
- Officer Commanding, 136 SHO, C/O-56 APO, Pin 903136, India
| | - A K Verma
- Commandant, MH Dehradun, C/O-56 APO, Pin 900461, India
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Kumar N, Verma AK, Mishra A, Agrawal G, Agrawal A, Misra UK, Mishra SK. Factors predicting surgical outcome of thymectomy in myasthenia gravis: A 16-year experience. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2012; 14:267-71. [PMID: 22346015 PMCID: PMC3271465 DOI: 10.4103/0972-2327.91945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess the surgical outcome of myasthenia gravis (MG) following thymectomy and to determine the outcome predictors to such therapeutic approach. Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective review of 80 consecutive thymectomies performed for MG over a 16-year period. Results: There were 41 females and 39 males (mean age, 34.32 years) with mean disease duration of 17.45 months prior to surgery. Stagewise distribution of the patients revealed 2.5% in stage I, 48.7% in stage IIA, 33.8% in stage IIB, 8.7% in stage III, and 6.3% in stage IV. The surgical approach was either trans-sternal (n=67) or video-assisted thoracoscopic route (n=13). Follow-up was obtained in 91.2% (n=73) of patients with mean duration of 67.7 months. At their last follow-up, 26.0% were in complete remission, 35.6% were asymptomatic on decreased medications, and 17.8% had clinical improvement on decreased medications. Overall, 79.4% of patients benefited from surgery, 8.2% had unchanged disease status, and 12.3% worsened clinically. Factors influencing favorable outcome include sex, disease stage, gland weight, and preoperative medication with anti-cholinesterase (P<0.05). There was one death in the perioperative period due to septicemia. Two patients died at fourth and seventh month following thymectomy. Conclusion: Thymectomy for MG is safe and effective. Certain influencing factors may shape treatment decisions and target higher risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilkamal Kumar
- Department of Surgery, SGRRIMS, Dehradoon, Uttarakhand, India
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Parija SC, Verma AK. Prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacterium in a tertiary care hospital from South India. J Commun Dis 2012; 44:129-137. [PMID: 25145059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a wide spread infectious disease all over the world as well as in India. Other than tuberculosis complex, more than 30 different non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are responsible for various diseases, i.e. cervical lymphadelopathy, cutaneous abscess, pulmonary diseases, post-operative infections, etc. These NTMs are resistant to commonly used antimicrobial and anti-tubercular agents, jeopardizing the DOTS and DOTS PLUS program in the country. The accurate diagnosis of mycobacteria upto species level is an urgent need to check/control the increasing incidence of tuberculosis in community. A total of 3456 pulmonary and extra-pulmonary samples were subjected to smear examination and culture. The cultures were done in duplicate using Lowenstein Jensen media and examine weekly upto 8 weeks. A total of 33 positive cultures were identified by growth rate, pigment production, niacin test, nitrate test, heat stable catalase test, semiquantitative catalase test, tellurit reduction test, urease test, tween 80 hydrolysis, growth on McConkey media, growth in 5% sodium chloride and susceptibility to para-nitro benzoic acid. The results showed 33.33% were mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and 66.66% were non-tuberculosis mycobacterium. Among the non-tuberculous group, 11 different species of mycobacteria were identified during this study. Identification of mycobacteria is an utmost necessity in every big hospital as it helps clinicians to treat and stop further spread of the disease tuberculosis. This study reveals that NTM are the major group in culture positive pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The importance of NTM can be further evaluated by conducting more studies and need active participation of reference laboratories.
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Agarwal A, Agarwal S, Tewari P, Gupta S, Chand G, Mishra A, Agarwal G, Verma AK, Mishra SK. Clinicopathological profile, airway management, and outcome in huge multinodular goiters: an institutional experience from an endemic goiter region. World J Surg 2012; 36:755-60. [PMID: 22302284 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-012-1447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huge goiters are common in iodine-deficient endemic regions. They are of concern to the surgeons because of the anticipated risk of difficult dissection and increased chances of surgical complications. Similarly, they are of concern to the anesthesiologists because of anticipated intubation-related difficulties and post-thyroidectomy tracheomalacia. In the present study we aimed to present our experience of managing goiters based on their gross weight, highlighting their clinicopathological profile, perioperative airway-related difficulties, and management of surgical morbidity. METHODS Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy in the primary setting at our institute from 1995 to 2009 was carried out based on the gross gland weight. The patients were thus grouped into group A: ≤200 g; group B: 201 to ≤400 g; group C: 401 to ≤600 g; group D: >600 g. RESULTS Group A (660 cases); group B (108 cases); group C (36 cases); and group D (9 cases) were included. As the goiter size increased, the mean duration of goiter, compressive symptoms, retrosternal extension (RSE), airway deformity, intubation difficulty, and tracheomalacia increased. The rate of tracheostomy, sternotomy, hemorrhage, visceral injury, and hospital stay was high with huge goiters. These features were more marked in malignant goiters compared to benign goiters. However, the postoperative complications were comparable in both of those groups. CONCLUSIONS Long-standing huge goiters are common in iodine-deficient endemic areas. The majority of patients have symptomatic or clinicoradiological evidence of airway involvement. The incidence of RSE, airway deformity, intubation difficulty, and tracheomalacia is high with huge goiters. The surgery is technically demanding with greater associated chances of injury to native structures. Malignancy influences the presentation and outcome in smaller goiters. In centers with experienced endocrine surgeons and dedicated anesthetists, huge goiters can be successfully managed with minimal short-term and long-term morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Agarwal
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareilly Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Misra RC, Verma AK, Verma SK, Kumar V, Siddiqui WA, Siddiqi MI, Murthy PK. Heat shock protein 60 of filarial parasite Brugia malayi: cDNA cloning, expression, purification and in silico modeling and analysis of its ATP binding site. Exp Parasitol 2012; 132:257-66. [PMID: 22890156 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 04/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We report here cloning and expression of full length mitochondrial HSP60 gene of Brugia malayi adult worm (mtHSP60bm), purification of the gene product by affinity chromatography, its in silico 3D structure and the sequence homology of the protein with Escherichia coli GroEL/ES and human HSP60. The ATP binding pocket of human HSP60 and mtHSP60bm were analyzed and compared using in silico models. The distribution of HSP60 in different life-stages of the parasite was determined using antibodies raised against recombinant mtHSP60bm (rmtHSP60bm). mtHSP60bm was present in all life-stages of the parasite except third stage infective larvae, in which it could be induced by heat-shock, and showed high degree of homology with E. coli GroEL/ES. The ATP binding pocket of HSP60 in humans, E. coli and B. malayi were also found structurally conserved. This similarity between human and mtHSP60bm might be useful in understanding the host-parasite interactions. This is the first ever report on distribution, cloning, sequence homology and ATP binding site of mtHSP60bm.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Misra
- Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil Palace, Lucknow 226001, India
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Myneedu VP, Verma AK, Sharma PP, Behera D. A pilot study of same day sputum smear examination, its feasibility and usefulness in diagnosis of pulmonary TB. Indian J Tuberc 2011; 58:160-167. [PMID: 22533165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A large number of tuberculosis cases are continuously being reported from India and other developing countries leading to high morbidity and mortality. In spite of many newer tests available for diagnosing a case of tuberculosis, smear microscopy of sputum is still the preferred test under programmatic conditions. The current national and international guidelines recommend two sputum smear examinations in two days for diagnosing cases of tuberculosis, which is time-consuming, tedious, needs multiple visits, leading to high dropout of infectious cases. In the background of existing limitations of smear microscopy, we attempted to complete the diagnosis of tuberculosis on same day by serial collection of the spot sputum specimen and analyze its advantages, feasibility and viability. MATERIAL & METHODS The study was undertaken by the Department of Microbiology, Lala Ram Sarup Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases during May 2010 to April 2011. Sputum specimens were collected from 330 randomly selected tuberculosis suspects who attended OPD of hospital, patients submitted spot and home collected morning sputum sample in a standard method and spot and additional spot sputum (X- spot) collected one hour after the first spot sample as per the proposed front loading method. All the samples received were stained by acid fast Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stain and examined on the same day. The sputum sample was pooled and cultured in Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media in duplicate set of bottles. The results of two different microscopic methods were compared with the gold standard culture test. RESULTS Out of the total 330 TB suspects, 70.60% were males and 29.39% females. The most common complaint was of cough with sputum (88.18%), chest pain (70.21%), fever (55.15%) and loss of appetite (43.03%). Upon examining the total sputum slides, 18.48 % were positive for acid fast bacilli. The smear positivity was 61/330 (18.48%) by standard methods and in proposed new method 43/330 (13.03%). Sensitivity of the standard and proposed new method smear microscopy was 58.25% and 40.07% respectively and specificity was 99.55% in both the methods. CONCLUSION Same day smear microscopy for diagnosing tuberculosis by a proposed new method of smear examination in the case of suspected tuberculosis seems not a promising step towards improving the quality of sputum smear examination. The results of sensitivity and specificity of the two approaches were not similar. More than eighty per cent responded in favour of same day sputum delivery system and getting result on same day. This study can be confirmed on larger scale and preference of patients can be examined in peripheral laboratory also before taking it up for consideration in the national tuberculosis programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Myneedu
- LRS Institute of TB & Respiratory Diseases, Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi
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Jethwani J, Jethwani GS, Verma AK. Functional impression technique for an ocular prosthesis. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2011; 12:55-8. [PMID: 23450125 DOI: 10.1007/s13191-011-0099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of an eye is the most devastating, psychologically damaging experience for a patient. All hope to bring such patients back to their accustomed and comfortable life-style rests on a cosmetically acceptable prosthesis. An intra-orbital ocular prosthesis serves the purpose in those defects where the orbital margins are intact. Though the stock eye may match the natural eye's iris and sclera in color, the fit of the prosthesis to the tissue bed may not be as good as desired. Herein, a functional ocular impression technique is presented to achieve a better fit of the prosthesis to the defect area. This technique aims to combine cosmetic excellence with comfort for greater benefit to the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Jethwani
- Department of Prosthodontics, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, 538Ka/337A, Triveni Nagar-II, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226020 India
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Verma AK, Singh RR. Induced Dwarf Mutant in Catharanthus roseus with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 72:655-7. [PMID: 21695004 PMCID: PMC3116317 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.78541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Revised: 06/12/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of an ethyl methane sulphonate-induced dwarf mutant of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don revealed that the mutant exhibited marked variation in morphometric parameters. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the aqueous and alcoholic leaf extracts of the mutant and control plants was investigated against medically important bacteria. The mutant leaf extracts showed enhanced antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria except Bacillus subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Verma
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226 007, India
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Myneedu VP, Visalakshi P, Verma AK, Behera D, Bhalla M. Prevalence of XDR TB cases--a retrospective study from a tertiary care TB hospital. Indian J Tuberc 2011; 58:54-59. [PMID: 21644390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of XDR -TB strains is a major roadblock in the successful implementation of TB control programmes. This further leads to high morbidity and mortality, especially in immuno-compromised patients. Identification and observation of resistance patterns of XDR-TB strains may help clinicians manage MDR-TB cases, the treatment line of which is expensive, time-taking and involves intake of toxic drugs with many side-effects. Our study is aimed to find out the prevalence of XDR-TB among the MDR-TB strains isolated in a tertiary care hospital. MATERIAL & METHODS The study population consisted of 223 patients of tuberculosis who were culture positive and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was resistant to Rifampicin and Isoniazid during January 2007 to December 2009. Each patient had submitted two sputum samples i.e. spot and morning. The identified Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex was subjected to drug sensitivity testing by first and second line drugs by proportion and absolute concentration methods as per standard procedure. RESULTS The results showed that 20.17% strains (45/223) were XDR-TB strains. Most of these strains showed resistance to four drug combination viz. KM, ETH, OFX & PAS (5.82%), KM & OFX (3.13%), OFX, KM and ETH (1.79%), 1.34% strains showed resistance to all the drugs i.e. pan resistance and other combinations in the remaining strains. Nearly 80% of the XDR-TB strains showed resistance to three or more drugs combination pattern. CONCLUSION The multidrug resistant TB cases need urgent and timely sensitivity report for second line ATT drugs to help clinicians start proper drug combinations to treat MDR-TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Myneedu
- L.R.S. Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi
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