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Colding-Rasmussen T, Horstmann PF, Jørgensen PH, Hettwer W, Hansen BH, Tierp-Wong CNE, Petersen MM. Does the use of polymethyl-methacrylate cement after intralesional curettage of giant cell tumors of appendicular bone guarantee reduced local recurrence rates? A retrospective analysis. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2023; 31:10225536231202155. [PMID: 37688488 DOI: 10.1177/10225536231202155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Polymethyl-methacrylate cement (PMMA) is often used as bone defect reconstruction material after surgical removal of giant cell tumors. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the application of PMMA improves the local recurrence rates for giant cell tumors (GCT) of appendicular bone treated with intralesional curettage. METHODS A retrospective analysis of all appendicular GTCs treated at two major Danish sarcoma centres between the 1st of January 1998 and December 31st 2013; minimum follow-up of 3.0 years (median: 8.9; 1.3-18.7 years). Kaplan-Meier survival model, log-rank and multivariate Cox regression were used to calculate and compare local recurrence rates. p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS 102 patients (M59/F43), median age 31Y (11-84) were included in this study. The overall 3-years local recurrence-rate was 19.9% (95%CI: 11.9-27.9%); 91% had occurred within 3 years. In patients treated with intralesional curettage (n = 64), the 3-years recurrence-rate was 30.6% (95%CI: 18.8-42.4%), compared to 2.6% (95%CI: 0.0-7.8%) in patients treated with wide resection or amputation (n = 38), p < .001. The 3-years recurrence-rate for patients treated with intralesional curettage and reconstruction using PMMA was 29.0% (95%CI: 12.6-45.4%) and without PMMA: 31.8% (95%CI: 15.2-48.4%), p = .83. CONCLUSION We found that the use of PMMA for bone defect reconstruction after intralesional curettage of GTCs in the appendicular skeleton did not ensure a reduced risk of local recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter F Horstmann
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Section, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter H Jørgensen
- Sarcoma Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Werner Hettwer
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Section, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjarne H Hansen
- Sarcoma Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Michael M Petersen
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Section, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Almeda R, Rodriguez-Torres R, Rist S, Winding MHS, Stief P, Hansen BH, Nielsen TG. Microplastics do not increase bioaccumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons in Arctic zooplankton but trigger feeding suppression under co-exposure conditions. Sci Total Environ 2021; 751:141264. [PMID: 32871308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arctic sea ice has alarmingly high concentrations of microplastics (MPs). Additionally, sea ice reduction in the Arctic is opening new opportunities for the oil and maritime industries, which could increase oil pollution in the region. Yet knowledge of the effects of co-exposure to MPs and crude oil on Arctic zooplankton is lacking. We tested the influence of MPs (polyethylene, 20.7 μm) on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) bioaccumulation and oil toxicity in the key arctic copepod Calanus hyperboreus after exposure to oil with and without dispersant. Up to 30% of the copepods stopped feeding and fecal pellet production rates were reduced after co-exposure to oil (1 μL L-1) and MPs (20 MPs mL-1). The PAH body burden was ~3 times higher in feeding than in non-feeding copepods. Copepods ingested both MPs and crude oil droplets. MPs did not influence bioaccumulation of PAHs in copepods or their fecal pellets, but chemical dispersant increased bioaccumulation, especially of ≥4 ring-PAHs. Our results suggest that MPs do not act as vectors of PAHs in Arctic marine food webs after oil spills, but, at high concentrations (20 MPs mL-1), MPs can trigger behavioral stress responses (e.g., feeding suppression) to oil pollution in zooplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Almeda
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
| | - R Rodriguez-Torres
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
| | - S Rist
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
| | - M H S Winding
- Greenland Climate Research Centre, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Greenland
| | - P Stief
- University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | | | - T Gissel Nielsen
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
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3
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Farkas J, Cappadona V, Olsen AJ, Hansen BH, Posch W, Ciesielski TM, Goodhead R, Wilflingseder D, Blatzer M, Altin D, Moger J, Booth AM, Jenssen BM. Combined effects of exposure to engineered silver nanoparticles and the water-soluble fraction of crude oil in the marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus. Aquat Toxicol 2020; 227:105582. [PMID: 32823071 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
While it is likely that ENPs may occur together with other contaminants in nature, the combined effects of exposure to both ENPs and environmental contaminants are not studied sufficiently. In this study, we investigated the acute and sublethal toxicity of PVP coated silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and ionic silver (Ag+; administered as AgNO3) to the marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus. We further studied effects of single exposures to AgNPs (nominal concentrations: low 15 μg L-1 NPL, high 150 μg L-1 NPH) or Ag+ (60 μg L-1), and effects of co-exposure to AgNPs, Ag+ and the water-soluble fraction (WSF; 100 μg L-1) of a crude oil (AgNP + WSF; Ag++WSF). The gene expression and the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes SOD, CAT and GST, as well as the gene expression of HSP90 and CYP330A1 were determined as sublethal endpoints. Results show that Ag+ was more acutely toxic compared to AgNPs, with 96 h LC50 concentrations of 403 μg L-1 for AgNPs, and 147 μg L-1 for Ag+. Organismal uptake of Ag following exposure was similar for AgNP and Ag+, and was not significantly different when co-exposed to WSF. Exposure to AgNPs alone caused increases in gene expressions of GST and SOD, whereas WSF exposure caused an induction in SOD. Responses in enzyme activities were generally low, with significant effects observed only on SOD activity in NPL and WSF exposures and on GST activity in NPL and NPH exposures. Combined AgNP and WSF exposures caused slightly altered responses in expression of SOD, GST and CYP330A1 genes compared to the single exposures of either AgNPs or WSF. However, there was no clear pattern of cumulative effects caused by co-exposures of AgNPs and WSF. The present study indicates that the exposure to AgNPs, Ag+, and to a lesser degree WSF cause an oxidative stress response in C. finmarchicus, which was slightly, but mostly not significantly altered in combined exposures. This indicated that the combined effects between Ag and WSF are relatively limited, at least with regard to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Farkas
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - V Cappadona
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - A J Olsen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - B H Hansen
- SINTEF Ocean, Environment and New Resources, Trondheim, Norway
| | - W Posch
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T M Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - R Goodhead
- Department for Bioscience, University of Exeter, UK
| | - D Wilflingseder
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Blatzer
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Julian Moger
- Physics and Medical Imaging, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - A M Booth
- SINTEF Ocean, Environment and New Resources, Trondheim, Norway
| | - B M Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Aadland E, Solbraa AK, Resaland GK, Steene-Johannessen J, Edvardsen E, Hansen BH, Anderssen SA. Reference values for and cross-validation of time to exhaustion on a modified Balke protocol in Norwegian men and women. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:1248-1257. [PMID: 27747925 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to provide reference values for time to exhaustion (TTE) on a modified Balke treadmill protocol, and to perform a cross-validation of TTE as a measure of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max ), in Norwegian men and women 20-85 years of age. Reference values for TTE were derived from a national sample of 765 subjects. An additional sample of 119 subjects was included in the cross-validation (total n = 884), where prediction equations for VO2max was established. A decline in TTE was seen with increased age. Prediction of VO2max in an independent dataset (n = 319) resulted in a R2 = 0.78 and standard error of the estimate = 4.55 mL/kg/min. The observed-predicted bias was small (mean difference <1.24 mL/kg/min), whereas random error was considerable (95% limits of agreement ± 7.11-9.70 mL/kg/min) across age in both men and women. Despite limitations concerning the prediction of VO2max on an individual level, TTE from the Balke protocol is a good measure of aerobic fitness in adults across a range of settings, and could be evaluated according to the suggested reference values.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Aadland
- Faculty of Teacher Education and Sports, Sogn og Fjordane University College, Sogndal, Norway
| | - A K Solbraa
- Faculty of Teacher Education and Sports, Sogn og Fjordane University College, Sogndal, Norway
| | - G K Resaland
- Faculty of Teacher Education and Sports, Sogn og Fjordane University College, Sogndal, Norway
| | - J Steene-Johannessen
- Faculty of Teacher Education and Sports, Sogn og Fjordane University College, Sogndal, Norway.,Department of Health Studies, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Edvardsen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - B H Hansen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - S A Anderssen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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5
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Ratasvuori M, Sillanpää N, Wedin R, Trovik C, Hansen BH, Laitinen M. Surgery of non-spinal skeletal metastases in renal cell carcinoma: No effect of preoperative embolization? Acta Orthop 2016; 87:183-8. [PMID: 26986551 PMCID: PMC4812082 DOI: 10.3109/17453674.2015.1127726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Surgery for metastases of renal cell carcinoma has increased in the last decade. It carries a risk of massive blood loss, as tumors are hypervascular and the surgery is often extensive. Preoperative embolization is believed to facilitate surgery. We evaluated the effect of preoperative embolization and resection margin on intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and survival in non-spinal skeletal metastases of renal cell carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study involved 144 patients, 56 of which were treated preoperatively with embolization. The primary outcome was intraoperative blood loss. We also identified factors affecting operating time and survival. RESULTS We did not find statistically significant effects on intraoperative blood loss of preoperative embolization of skeletal non-spinal metastases. Pelvic localization and large tumor size increased intraoperative blood loss. Marginal resection compared to intralesional resection, nephrectomy, level of hemoglobin, and solitary metastases were associated with better survival. INTERPRETATION Tumor size, but not embolization, was an independent factor for intraoperative blood loss. Marginal resection rather than intralesional resection should be the gold standard treatment for skeletal metastases in non-spinal renal cell carcinoma, especially in the case of a solitary lesion, as this improved the overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niko Sillanpää
- Medical Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Rikard Wedin
- Department of Orthopedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Clement Trovik
- Department of Orthopedics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjarne H Hansen
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Minna Laitinen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Unit of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere
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Lohne-Seiler H, Kolle E, Anderssen SA, Hansen BH. Musculoskeletal fitness and balance in older individuals (65-85 years) and its association with steps per day: a cross sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2016; 16:6. [PMID: 26755421 PMCID: PMC4709913 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-016-0188-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is limited normative, objective data combining musculoskeletal fitness (MSF), balance and physical activity (PA) among older adults. The aims were therefore to; 1) describe MSF and balance in older Norwegian adults focusing on age- and sex-related differences; 2) investigate the associations among MSF, balance and objectively-assessed PA levels. Methods This was part of a national multicenter study. Participants (65–85 years) were randomly selected from the national population registry. We used ActiGraph GT1M accelerometers to measure PA. Balance and MSF were assessed using: one leg standing (OLS), handgrip strength (HG), static back extension (SBE), sit and reach (SR), back scratch right, left arm over (BSR, BSL). Univariate analyses of variance were used to assess sex differences within the different MSF and balance tests and for comparisons among multiple age groups. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate how PA (expressed in 1000 steps increments) was associated with MSF and balance. Results 85 women and 76 men were included. Mean age (standard deviation (SD)) was 73.2 (5.4) years for women and 72.3 (4.8) years for men. The youngest participants (65–69 years) had significantly better mean OLS- and SBE results compared with older participants. Women (65–85 years) had significantly better mean SR, BSR, BSL and SBE results compared with men (65–85 years). Men had significantly better mean HG results compared with women. No sex differences in mean OLS results were observed. A daily increment of 1000 steps was associated with better mean test scores for OLS- and SBE tests (b = 1.88, 95 % CI: 0.85 to 2.90 (p ≤ 0.001) and b = 4.63, 95 % CI: 1.98 to 7.29 (p = 0.001), respectively). Conclusion The youngest (65–69 years) had better static balance and muscular endurance in trunk extensors compared with older participants. Older women (65–85 years) had better joint flexibility than older men (65–85 years), whereas older men had better handgrip strength than older women. A higher PA level was associated with better static balance and muscular endurance in trunk extensors in older individuals. This study provides important normative data, and further investigation of trunk endurance and static balance as key foci for PA interventions in elderly is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lohne-Seiler
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Service Box 422, N-4604, Kristiansand, Norway. .,Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - E Kolle
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - S A Anderssen
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
| | - B H Hansen
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
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Kjaer IGH, Kolle E, Hansen BH, Anderssen SA, Torstveit MK. Obesity prevalence in Norwegian adults assessed by body mass index, waist circumference and fat mass percentage. Clin Obes 2015; 5:211-8. [PMID: 26153357 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity presents serious public health challenges worldwide and is most commonly estimated by the categorization of body mass index (BMI). The purpose of this study was (i) to describe the sensitivity of BMI, waist circumference (WC) and fat mass percentage in the classification of overweight and obesity and (ii) to describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity using different measurement methods in a national sample of Norwegians. A total of 904 Norwegians (20-85 years) were randomly enrolled. Body weight, height, WC and skinfold thickness were measured; BMI and fat mass percentage (FP(skf) ) were calculated. The sensitivity and specificity varied from 77.0% to 86.9% and from 60.6% to 82.3%, respectively. Area under the curve was 0.837 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.801-0.872) for the ability of BMI to predict obesity by FP(skf) and 0.811 (95% CI: 0.770-0.852) for WC. A total of 12.7% (male: 12.1%, female: 13.4%) were obese based on BMI classifications, 29.1% (male: 36.5%, female: 20.0%) of the sample were obese based on FP(skf) and 24.3% of men and 37.8% of women were abdominally obese by WC. The agreement between selected measuring methods was fair to good, although the variation in obesity prevalence rates between the different assessments methods varied markedly.
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Affiliation(s)
- I G H Kjaer
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Kolle
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - B H Hansen
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - S A Anderssen
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - M K Torstveit
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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8
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Dyrstad SM, Anderssen SA, Edvardsen E, Hansen BH. Cardiorespiratory fitness in groups with different physical activity levels. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2015; 26:291-8. [PMID: 25682984 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine how different categorizations of self-reported and objectively measured physical activity (PA) reflect variations in cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max ). A total of 759 individuals (366 women) with a mean age of 48.5 years (SD 14.4) wore an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT1M) for seven consecutive days and answered the short International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). VO2max was directly measured during a continuous graded exercise treadmill test until exhaustion. Men and women categorized as highly active by IPAQ had 9% and 13% higher VO2max , respectively, than those reporting a low PA level (P < 0.05). Men and women meeting the PA recommendation of 150 min/week of daily moderate intensity PA, measured by accelerometer, had 13% and 9% higher VO2max , respectively, than participants not meeting this recommendation (P < 0.01). No significant differences in average sedentary time, analyzed in total min/day and in bouts of 10 and 30 min, were found between participants with high or low cardiorespiratory fitness. However, women spent less time than men in bouts of sedentary behaviors. Self-reported PA by IPAQ and objectively measured PA by accelerometer were both useful instruments for detecting differences in VO2max .
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Dyrstad
- Department of Education and Sport Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - S A Anderssen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Edvardsen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - B H Hansen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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9
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Dyrop HB, Vedsted P, Safwat A, Maretty-Nielsen K, Hansen BH, Jørgensen PH, Baad-Hansen T, Keller J. Alarm symptoms of soft-tissue and bone sarcoma in patients referred to a specialist center. Acta Orthop 2014; 85:657-62. [PMID: 25175662 PMCID: PMC4259033 DOI: 10.3109/17453674.2014.957086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Danish Cancer Patient Pathway for sarcoma defines a set of alarm symptoms as criteria for referral to a sarcoma center. This may exclude cancer patients without alarm symptoms, so we investigated the presence of alarm symptoms (defined as being indicative of a sarcoma) in patients who had been referred to the Aarhus Sarcoma Center. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed the medical records of all 1,126 patients who had been referred, with suspected sarcoma, from other hospitals in the period 2007-2010 for information on symptoms, clinical findings, and diagnosis. Alarm symptoms were analyzed for predictive values in diagnosing sarcoma. RESULTS 179 (69%) of 258 sarcoma patients were referred with alarm symptoms (soft-tissue tumor>5 cm or deep-seated, fast-growing soft-tissue tumor, palpable bone tumor, or deep persisting bone pain). The remaining 79 sarcomas were found accidentally. "Size over 5 cm" for soft-tissue tumors, and "deep persisting bone pain" for bone tumors had the highest sensitivity and positive predictive value. Of the 79 sarcoma patients who were referred without alarm symptoms, 7 were found accidentally on imaging, 5 were referred with suspected recurrence of a sarcoma, 64 were referred with a confirmed histological diagnosis, and 3 were referred for other reasons. INTERPRETATION Defined alarm symptoms are predictive of sarcoma, but one-third of the patients were found accidentally. Further studies on presenting symptoms in primary care are needed to assess the true value of alarm symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi B Dyrop
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital,Aarhus Sarcoma Center, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Vedsted
- The Research Unit for General Practice, Aarhus University
| | - Akmal Safwat
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital,Aarhus Sarcoma Center, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Katja Maretty-Nielsen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital,Aarhus Sarcoma Center, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bjarne H Hansen
- Aarhus Sarcoma Center, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Johnny Keller
- Aarhus Sarcoma Center, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Glümer C, Hansen BH, AMBender AH, Andreasen KM, Robinson I, Andersen. Time trends in absolute and relative social inequality in smoking from 2007 to 2013 in the Capital Region of Denmark. Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku163.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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11
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Maretty-Nielsen K, Aggerholm-Pedersen N, Safwat A, Jørgensen PH, Hansen BH, Baerentzen S, Pedersen AB, Keller J. Prognostic factors for local recurrence and mortality in adult soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities and trunk wall: a cohort study of 922 consecutive patients. Acta Orthop 2014; 85:323-32. [PMID: 24694277 PMCID: PMC4062802 DOI: 10.3109/17453674.2014.908341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous studies of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) have identified a number of possible prognostic factors; however, the majority of these include highly selected populations, with unclear validation of data and insufficient statistical methods. We identified prognostic factors in a validated, population-based 30-year series of STS treated at a single institution, using an advanced statistical approach. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 1979 and 2008, 922 adult patients from western Denmark were treated at the Aarhus Sarcoma Center for non-metastatic STS in the extremities or trunk. The endpoints were local recurrence (LR) and disease-specific mortality (DSM). Prognostic factors were analyzed using a proportional hazard model, including continuous variables as cubic splines. Directed acyclic graphs were used to depict the causal structure. RESULTS The 5-year LR was 16% and the 5-year DSM was 24%. Important prognostic factors for both LR and DSM were age, duration of symptoms, tumor size, grade, margin, and radiotherapy, while anatomical location (upper, lower extremity, trunk) was prognostic for DSM. INTERPRETATION In this population-based series of adult, non-metastatic STS, we included directed acyclic graphs, cubic splines, and a competing risk model in order to minimize bias, and demonstrated that these statistical methods are feasible. Using these statistical methods on a large, validated dataset, we excluded depth as a prognostic factor and established that age, duration of symptoms, size, grade, margin, and radiotherapy were important prognostic factors for both local recurrence and disease-specific mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alma B Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
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12
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Ratasvuori M, Wedin R, Hansen BH, Keller J, Trovik C, Zaikova O, Bergh P, Kalen A, Laitinen M. Prognostic role of en-bloc resection and late onset of bone metastasis in patients with bone-seeking carcinomas of the kidney, breast, lung, and prostate: SSG study on 672 operated skeletal metastases. J Surg Oncol 2014; 110:360-5. [PMID: 24889389 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In metastatic disease, decisions regarding potential surgery require reliable data about the patient's survival. In this study, we evaluated different prognostic factors and their impact in four common primary tumors causing bone metastases. METHODS Data were acquired from the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group (SSG) metastasis registry. The patients underwent surgery between July 1999 and July 2009. This study included breast, prostate, lung, and kidney cancer cases, with a total of 672 operated non-spinal metastases. Differences in prognostic factors were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method with long-rank test. Cox regression multivariate analysis was performed to identify statistically independent prognostic factors. RESULTS Significant factors affecting survival were the presence of organ metastases, overall heath status, and disease load. In kidney cancer, en bloc resection of solitary metastases was associated with a significant fourfold longer survival compared to intralesional surgery. Preoperative radiotherapy was associated with higher complication and reoperation rates. CONCLUSIONS This data summary is important tool for clinicians to evaluate survival and choose treatment options for patients suffering from metastatic bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maire Ratasvuori
- Departement of Surgery, South Karelian Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland; Department of Orthopedics, Unit of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Olsen GH, Klok C, Hendriks AJ, Geraudie P, De Hoop L, De Laender F, Farmen E, Grøsvik BE, Hansen BH, Hjorth M, Jansen CR, Nordtug T, Ravagnan E, Viaene K, Carroll J. Toxicity data for modeling impacts of oil components in an Arctic ecosystem. Mar Environ Res 2013; 90:9-17. [PMID: 23769337 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ecological impact assessment modeling systems are valuable support tools for managing impacts from commercial activities on marine habitats and species. The inclusion of toxic effects modeling in these systems is predicated on the availability and quality of ecotoxicology data. Here we report on a data gathering exercise to obtain toxic effects data on oil compounds for a selection of cold-water marine species of fish and plankton associated with the Barents Sea ecosystem. Effects data were collated from historical and contemporary literature resources for the endpoints mortality, development, growth, bioaccumulation and reproduction. Evaluating the utility and applicability of these data for modeling, we find that data coverage is limited to a sub-set of the required endpoints. There is a need for new experimental studies for zooplankton focused on the endpoints development and bioaccumulation and for larvae and juvenile fish focused on growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Olsen
- Akvaplan-niva, FRAM - High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
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Forsberg JA, Wedin R, Bauer HCF, Hansen BH, Laitinen M, Trovik CS, Keller JØ, Boland PJ, Healey JH. External validation of the Bayesian Estimated Tools for Survival (BETS) models in patients with surgically treated skeletal metastases. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:493. [PMID: 23098538 PMCID: PMC3556063 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We recently developed two Bayesian networks, referred to as the Bayesian-Estimated Tools for Survival (BETS) models, capable of estimating the likelihood of survival at 3 and 12 months following surgery for patients with operable skeletal metastases (BETS-3 and BETS-12, respectively). In this study, we attempted to externally validate the BETS-3 and BETS-12 models using an independent, international dataset. Methods Data were collected from the Scandinavian Skeletal Metastasis Registry for patients with extremity skeletal metastases surgically treated at eight major Scandinavian referral centers between 1999 and 2009. These data were applied to the BETS-3 and BETS-12 models, which generated a probability of survival at 3 and 12 months for each patient. Model robustness was assessed using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). An analysis of incorrect estimations was also performed. Results Our dataset contained 815 records with adequate follow-up information to establish survival at 12 months. All records were missing data including the surgeon’s estimate of survival, which was previously shown to be a first-degree associate of survival in both models. The AUCs for the BETS-3 and BETS-12 models were 0.79 and 0.76, respectively. Incorrect estimations by both models were more commonly optimistic than pessimistic. Conclusions The BETS-3 and BETS-12 models were successfully validated using an independent dataset containing missing data. These models are the first validated tools for accurately estimating postoperative survival in patients with operable skeletal metastases of the extremities and can provide the surgeon with valuable information to support clinical decisions in this patient population.
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Weiss RJ, Ekström W, Hansen BH, Keller J, Laitinen M, Trovik C, Zaikova O, Wedin R. Pathological subtrochanteric fractures in 194 patients: a comparison of outcome after surgical treatment of pathological and non-pathological fractures. J Surg Oncol 2012; 107:498-504. [PMID: 23070922 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The surgical treatment of pathological subtrochanteric fractures has been associated with technical difficulties and frequent failures. We analyzed survival, risk factors for death, and outcome after surgical treatment. METHODS The study group consisted of 194 patients with pathological subtrochanteric femur fractures operated during 1999-2009. Cox multiple-regression analysis was performed to study risk factors and results were expressed as hazard ratios (HR). We included a control group with non-pathological subtrochanteric fractures (n = 87) for comparison. RESULTS The median age at surgery was 68 (29-96) years in the study group and 82 (66-101) in the controls. The 1-year survival rate after surgery was 33% (95% CI: 26-40) in the study group and 85% (79-93) in the controls. In the study group, the risk of death after surgery was increased for patients ≥65 years of age (HR 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.1), with a moderate (HR 2.2, 1.5-3.4) and poor (HR 2.9, 1.6-5.2) Karnofsky score, with visceral metastases (HR 1.6, 1.1-2.3), and perioperative hemoglobin levels <100 g/L (HR 2.2, 1.3-3.7). In patients with pathological fractures, there was no statistically significant difference concerning reoperation rates comparing intramedullary nails (9%) with endoprostheses (6%; P = 0.3). CONCLUSIONS Surgery for pathological subtrochanteric femur fractures is a relatively safe and effective procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger J Weiss
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Wedin R, Hansen BH, Laitinen M, Trovik C, Zaikova O, Bergh P, Kalén A, Schwarz-Lausten G, Vult von Steyern F, Walloe A, Keller J, Weiss RJ. Complications and survival after surgical treatment of 214 metastatic lesions of the humerus. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2012; 21:1049-55. [PMID: 21982491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2011.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The humerus is the second most common long-bone site of metastatic bone disease. We report complications, risk factors for failure, and survival of a large series of patients operated on for skeletal metastases of the humerus. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was based on 208 patients treated surgically for 214 metastatic lesions of the humerus. Reconstructions were achieved by intramedullary nails in 148, endoprostheses in 35, plate fixation in 21, and by other methods in 10. RESULTS The median age at surgery was 67 years (range, 29-87 years). Breast cancer was the primary tumor in 31%. The overall failure rate of the surgical reconstructions was 9%. The reoperation rate was 7% in the proximal humerus, 8% in the diaphysis, and 33% in the distal part of the bone. Among 36 operations involving an endoprosthesis, 2 were failures (6%) compared with 18 of 178 osteosynthetic devices (10%). In the osteosynthesis group, intramedullary nails failed in 7% and plate fixation failed in 22%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that prostate cancer was associated with an increased risk of failure after surgery (hazard ratio, 7; P < 0.033). The cumulative survival after surgery was 40% (95% confidence interval [CI] 34-47) at 1 year, 21% (95% CI, 15-26) at 2 years, and 16% (95% CI, 12-19) at 3 years. CONCLUSIONS Our method of choice is the cemented hemiprosthesis for pathologic proximal humeral fractures and interlocked intramedullary nail for lesions in the diaphysis. Pathologic fractures in the distal humerus are uncommon and associated with a very high reoperation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikard Wedin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Olsvik PA, Nordtug T, Altin D, Lie KK, Overrein I, Hansen BH. Transcriptional effects on glutathione S-transferases in first feeding Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae exposed to crude oil. Chemosphere 2010; 79:905-913. [PMID: 20371100 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other oil compounds are known to induce stress and impact health of marine organisms. Water-soluble fractions of oil contain components known to induce glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), one of the major classes of phase II detoxifying enzymes present in essentially all eukaryotic organisms. In this study, the transcriptional responses of six GSTs (GST pi, GST mu, GST omega, GST theta, GSY zeta and GST kappa) were examined in early larvae of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua exposed to five concentrations of dispersed oil (containing oil droplets and water-soluble fraction) and water-soluble fractions (WSF) of oil. When Atlantic cod larvae were exposed to WSF (containing 1.31+/-0.31microg summation PAH/L for 4 days), expression of GSTM3 and GSTO1 was significantly increased, whereas no differences in GST expression were observed in larvae exposed to a corresponding 50% lower amount of dispersed oil (containing 0.36+/-0.10 microg summation PAH/L for 4 days). The study suggest that although the oil clearly had severe negative effects on the larvae (i.e. concentration-dependent lethality and growth reduction), only minor effects on GST transcription could be observed using RNA obtained from pooled whole-larvae homogenates. This result indicates that the expression of these important detoxification enzymes is only moderately inducible at such an early developmental stage either reflecting low tolerance of cod larvae to dispersed oil or alternatively that using whole-larvae homogenates may have masked tissue-specific mRNA induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Olsvik
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Nordnesboder 1-2, N-5005 Bergen, Norway.
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Hansen BH, Rømma S, Garmo ØA, Olsvik PA, Andersen RA. Antioxidative stress proteins and their gene expression in brown trout (Salmo trutta) from three rivers with different heavy metal levels. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2006; 143:263-74. [PMID: 16616685 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2006.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2005] [Revised: 02/21/2006] [Accepted: 02/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Three populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta) exposed to different metal levels in their natural environments, were studied with respect to antioxidants metallothionein (MT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) as well as for corresponding mRNA levels. In addition, mRNA levels were studied for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR). The Cd/Zn-exposed trout (Naustebekken River) had higher accumulated levels of Cd, Cu and Zn in gills, and higher levels of MT (both protein and mRNA) in liver and kidney as well as in gills compared to the Cu-exposed trout (Rugla River) and trout from an uncontaminated reference river (Stribekken River). Less MT found in the Cu-exposed trout may increase susceptibility to oxidative stress, but no higher levels of antioxidant mRNAs were found in gills of these trouts. The data indicated that chronic exposures of brown trout to Cd, Zn and/or Cu did not involve maintenance of high activities of SOD and CAT enzymes in gills, although SOD mRNA levels were higher in the Cd/Zn-exposed trout. In livers, mRNA levels of SOD, CAT and GPx were higher in the metal-exposed trout, but in the case of GR this was only seen in kidneys of Cd/Zn-exposed trout. However, both metal-exposed groups had higher activities of SOD enzyme in liver compared to the unexposed reference trout, and CAT activity was found to be higher in kidneys of Cu-exposed trout. The Cu-exposed trout did not seem to rely on MT production to avoid Cu toxicity in gills, but rather by keeping the Cu uptake at a low level. A coordinated expression of different stress genes may also be important in chronic metal exposure. It may be concluded that the observed metal effects relies on acclimation rather than on genetic adaptation in the metal exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Hansen
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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Hansen BH, Keller J, Laitinen M, Berg P, Skjeldal S, Trovik C, Nilsson J, Walloe A, Kalén A, Wedin R. The Scandinavian Sarcoma Group Skeletal Metastasis Register. Survival after surgery for bone metastases in the pelvis and extremities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 75:11-5. [PMID: 15188660 DOI: 10.1080/00016470410001708270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The assessment of the prognosis for the individual patient is important for the choice of surgical treatment of skeletal metastases. In 1999 the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group (SSG) initiated the Skeletal Metastasis Register as a multicentric, prospective study to provide a scientific basis for treatment recommendations. To improve prognostication we analyzed the survival of patients with skeletal metastases surgically treated at 9 SSG centres. PATIENTS AND METHODS 460 patients with an average age of 64 years underwent 501 operations for non-spinal skeletal metastases. 7% were operated for more than one metastasis. Carcinoma of the breast, prostate, kidney and lung were the dominating primary tumors. RESULTS The survival rate was 0.4 at 1 year, 0.3 at 2 years and 0.2 at 3 years. Univariate analysis showed that survival was related to bone localization, skeletal metastatic load, presence of visceral metastases, Karnofsky performance score, primary tumor type, presence of a complete pathological fracture and preoperative hemoglobin content. Multivariate regression analysis showed that pathological fracture, visceral metastases, haemoglobin content < 7 mmol/L and lung cancer were negative prognostic factors for survival. Myeloma was the sole positive prognostic factor for survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Hansen
- Dept of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital, Aathus, Denmark.
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Wendlandt JT, Grus FH, Hansen BH, Singer HS. Striatal antibodies in children with Tourette's syndrome: multivariate discriminant analysis of IgG repertoires. J Neuroimmunol 2001; 119:106-13. [PMID: 11525807 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(01)00370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Antineuronal antibodies have been postulated to be the underlying pathophysiology in TS and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Serum antibodies from 20 children with TS, and 21 control subjects against human striatum, globus pallidus, muscle, and HTB-10 cells were assayed by Western blot techniques. A MANOVA differentiated between TS and control blots, and a discriminant analysis demonstrated which variables contributed most to differences between groups. Prominent differences between TS and control blots were identified using striatal epitopes in contrast to similar patterns shown between groups for globus pallidus, muscle and HTB-10 tissue, supporting striatal autoimmune involvement in TS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Wendlandt
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Harvey 811, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287-8811, USA
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Friedrich U, Houman M, Hansen BH, Kaltoft K. Microdissection and reverse painting in a melanoma cell line: a detailed description of structurally abnormal chromosomes. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2001; 125:5-9. [PMID: 11297760 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(00)00349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Seven structurally abnormal chromosomes from a newly established melanoma cell line were microdissected. The DNA from these chromosomes was DOP amplified and labeled with Biotin or Digoxigenin for FISH analysis. The complex nature of these markers is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Friedrich
- Institute of Human Genetics, The Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Singer HS, Giuliano JD, Hansen BH, Hallett JJ, Laurino JP, Benson M, Kiessling LS. Antibodies against a neuron-like (HTB-10 neuroblastoma) cell in children with Tourette syndrome. Biol Psychiatry 1999; 46:775-80. [PMID: 10494445 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Similar to the model for Sydenham's chorea, antineuronal antibodies (ANAb), which develop in response to a preceding streptococcal infection, have been speculated to have a role in the development of Tourette syndrome (TS). METHODS Serum antibodies against the neuron-like HTB-10 neuroblastoma cell were assayed by ELISA methods and Western blot analysis on 41 children with TS (mean age 11.3 years) and 39 control subjects (mean age 12.1 years). RESULTS Group comparisons of ELISA assay optical density (OD) showed that mean OD values for serum antibodies were not different [control (mean +/- SEM), .506 +/- .076; and TS, .584 +/- .053 (p = .38)]. In contrast, median values [.353 in control subjects and .477 in TS subjects (p = .012)] were significantly different. Western blots identified numerous bands in all TS and control sera with no difference in identified HTB-10 antigens. There was no relationship between the presence of ANAb and age of tic onset, family history, tic severity, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or obsessive compulsive disorder. No relationship existed between positive strep titers (ASO > or = 166 and/or antiDNAaseB > or = 170) and ANAb determinations or the severity of tics. CONCLUSIONS Children with TS have higher median, but not mean, levels of ANAb, as measured by the HTB-10 neuroblastoma cell membrane assay. This assay system identified antibodies in both control and clinical groups and failed to identify a relationship between antibodies and clinical phenotype or one-time markers for streptococcal infection. Further studies are required to define a possible immune-mediated hypothesis for TS.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Singer
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Singer HS, Giuliano JD, Hansen BH, Hallett JJ, Laurino JP, Benson M, Kiessling LS. Antibodies against human putamen in children with Tourette syndrome. Neurology 1998; 50:1618-24. [PMID: 9633702 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.50.6.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Similar to the model for Sydenham's chorea, antineuronal antibodies, which develop in response to a preceding streptococcal infection, have been speculated to have a role in the development of Tourette syndrome (TS). METHODS Serum antibodies against human caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus (interna and externa) were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot techniques and results were correlated with clinical characteristics and markers of streptococcal infection. SUBJECTS A total of 41 children with TS (mean age, 11.3 years) and 39 controls (mean age, 12.1 years) were included. RESULTS Compared with controls, TS subjects had a significant increase in the mean (p=0.006) and median (p=0.002) ELISA optical density (OD) levels of serum antibodies against putamen, but not caudate or globus pallidus. Western blots on 20 control and 20 TS serum samples showed that specific antibodies to caudate/putamen occurred more frequently in TS subjects at 83, 67, and 60 kDa; antigens were present in a synaptosomal fraction. TS subjects with a positive family history of tics had higher OD values (p < or = 0.04), but no association was shown with age of tic onset, tic severity, sudden onset of tics, or presence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder. Risk ratio calculations in TS and control groups and in study subjects dichotomized for high and low putamen OD values were similar for titers of antistreptolysin O > or = 166 or antideoxyribonuclease B > or = 170. A subgroup analysis limited to subjects with elevated streptococcal titers, however, showed a significantly (p < or = 0.004) larger number of TS subjects with elevated OD levels. CONCLUSION Children and adolescents with TS had significantly higher serum levels of antineuronal antibodies against putamen than did controls, but their relation to clinical characteristics and markers for streptococcal infection remains equivocal.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Singer
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Hansen BH. [Persistence--the greatest challenge in a quality assurance project]. Klin Sygepleje 1997; 11:170-4. [PMID: 9414522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Abstract
Numerous surgical procedures have been described and used in the treatment of recurrent dislocation of the peroneal tendons. One case treated successfully by reconstructing the superior peroneal retinaculum using the plantaris tendon is described here. The advantages and disadvantages in previously used procedures, as well as long-term results, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Hansen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital, Arhus, Denmark
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Kaltoft K, Hansen BH, Pedersen CB, Pedersen S, Thestrup-Pedersen K. Common clonal chromosome aberrations in cytokine-dependent continuous human T-lymphocyte cell lines. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1995; 85:68-71. [PMID: 8536241 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(95)00118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Antigen-mediated T-cell proliferation is a transient phenomenon. Like other somatic cells, T lymphocytes generally show replicative senescence in vitro. However, we here show that cytokine-dependent continuous (immortal) T-cell lines can be established from skin biopsy specimens of inflammatory skin diseases. Continuous growth can be obtained by culturing T cells in medium supplemented with interleukin-2 and interleukin-4, but without antigen or antigen-presenting cells added. Loss of the T-cell antigen receptor complex is observed in some of the continuous T-cell lines. Most T-cell lines develop clonal chromosome aberrations during continuous growth. Aberrations for chromosomes 1, 2, 8, 16, and 18 are most commonly observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kaltoft
- Department of Human Genetics, Marselisborg University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Kaltoft K, Pedersen CB, Hansen BH, Thestrup-Pedersen K. Appearance of isochromosome 18q can be associated with in vitro immortalization of human T lymphocytes. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1995; 81:13-6. [PMID: 7773952 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(94)00192-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
T lymphocytes cultured from a skin biopsy specimen of a patient with atopic dermatitis developed isochromosome 18q concomitant to escape from replicative senescence. Furthermore, two T-cell lines established from patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma also developed isochromosome 18q during continuous growth. The results indicate that a pathway leading to immortalization of human T lymphocytes could involve genes located at chromosome 18.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kaltoft
- Institute of Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark
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Kaltoft K, Pedersen CB, Hansen BH, Lemonidis AS, Frydenberg J, Thestrup-Pedersen K. In vitro genetically aberrant T-cell clones with continuous growth are associated with atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol Res 1994; 287:42-7. [PMID: 7726635 DOI: 10.1007/bf00370717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a disease with a genetic predisposition affecting the immune system, with T lymphocytes participating in the immune dysregulation. Most in vitro T lymphocyte studies of atopic dermatitis have focused on antigen-specific T-cell clones. However, antigen-non-specific regulatory T lymphocytes may also take part in the pathway leading to antigen-specific clonal T-lymphocyte proliferation. T lymphocytes from skin biopsy specimens from three patients with severe atopic dermatitis were cultured in the presence of IL-2 and IL-4, but without antigen added. Initially, proliferation was oligo- or polyclonal, but in all cases overgrowth by T cells with clonal chromosomal aberrations was subsequently observed. These abnormal T-cell clones demonstrated continuous growth and complete or partial phenotypic loss of the T-cell antigen receptor complex. In summary, these findings suggest that a subset of aberrant skin-homing T lymphocytes is associated with atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kaltoft
- Institute of Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark
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Kaltoft K, Hansen BH, Thestrup-Pedersen K. Cytogenetic findings in cell lines from cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Dermatol Clin 1994; 12:295-304. [PMID: 8045039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cytogenetic analysis of some patients with CTCL demonstrates the presence of more than one cytogenetically aberrant clone in a given patient. These findings lead us to suggest that CTCL is defined by a family of "genotraumatic" T cells. A genotraumatic T cell, unlike a normal T lymphocyte, is defined by its ability to develop clonal, cytogenetically visible chromosome aberrations. Based on this hypothesis, an investigation was performed in detail of cell lines from the plaques and blood of a patient with MF. Several genotraumatic T cells could be demonstrated. Of particular interest was the establishment of two continuous T-cell lines from a single plaque. Both genotraumatic T-cell lines were genetically unstable, and multiple and complex chromosome aberrations could be demonstrated in both cell lines, suggesting that two potentially malignant T-cell clones exist in a single plaque. It is proposed that CTCL is defined by a family of genotraumatic T cells and is thus, in principle, oligoclonal or polyclonal. All genotraumatic T cells may be considered cancer prone because of their ability to develop clonal chromosomal aberrations. A genotraumatic T cell is per se not malignant, but owing to its genetic instability, it may develop into a tumor cell. This could explain how an apparent benign disorder, CTCL, occasionally may progress into malignant lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kaltoft
- Institute of Human Genetics, Marselisborg Hospital, Aarhus University, Denmark
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Hansen BH. [Unemployment Insurance--best to be insured full-time. Interview by Bjarne Hansen]. Sygeplejersken 1993; 93:23. [PMID: 8140523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Hansen BH. [Broad added interest in breast feeding]. Sygeplejersken 1982; 82:18-20. [PMID: 6920932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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