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Morissette A, de Wouters d'Oplinter A, Andre DM, Lavoie M, Marcotte B, Varin TV, Trottier J, Pilon G, Pelletier M, Cani PD, Barbier O, Houde VP, Marette A. Rebaudioside D decreases adiposity and hepatic lipid accumulation in a mouse model of obesity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3077. [PMID: 38321177 PMCID: PMC10847429 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53587-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Overconsumption of added sugars has been pointed out as a major culprit in the increasing rates of obesity worldwide, contributing to the rising popularity of non-caloric sweeteners. In order to satisfy the growing demand, industrial efforts have been made to purify the sweet-tasting molecules found in the natural sweetener stevia, which are characterized by a sweet taste free of unpleasant aftertaste. Although the use of artificial sweeteners has raised many concerns regarding metabolic health, the impact of purified stevia components on the latter remains poorly studied. The objective of this project was to evaluate the impact of two purified sweet-tasting components of stevia, rebaudioside A and D (RebA and RebD), on the development of obesity, insulin resistance, hepatic health, bile acid profile, and gut microbiota in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Male C57BL/6 J mice were fed an obesogenic high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) diet and orally treated with 50 mg/kg of RebA, RebD or vehicle (water) for 12 weeks. An additional group of chow-fed mice treated with the vehicle was included as a healthy reference. At weeks 10 and 12, insulin and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Liver lipids content was analyzed. Whole-genome shotgun sequencing was performed to profile the gut microbiota. Bile acids were measured in the feces, plasma, and liver. Liver lipid content and gene expression were analyzed. As compared to the HFHS-vehicle treatment group, mice administered RebD showed a reduced weight gain, as evidenced by decreased visceral adipose tissue weight. Liver triglycerides and cholesterol from RebD-treated mice were lower and lipid peroxidation was decreased. Interestingly, administration of RebD was associated with a significant enrichment of Faecalibaculum rodentium in the gut microbiota and an increased secondary bile acid metabolism. Moreover, RebD decreased the level of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP). Neither RebA nor RebD treatments were found to impact glucose homeostasis. The daily consumption of two stevia components has no detrimental effects on metabolic health. In contrast, RebD treatment was found to reduce adiposity, alleviate hepatic steatosis and lipid peroxidation, and decrease LBP, a marker of metabolic endotoxemia in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianne Morissette
- Cardiology Axis, Québec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Alice de Wouters d'Oplinter
- Cardiology Axis, Québec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Diana Majolli Andre
- Cardiology Axis, Québec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marilou Lavoie
- Cardiology Axis, Québec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Marcotte
- Cardiology Axis, Québec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Thibault V Varin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Trottier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Research Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Cardiology Axis, Québec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Faculty of Pharmacy, CHU of Québec Research Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Research Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Vanessa P Houde
- Cardiology Axis, Québec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Cardiology Axis, Québec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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Daniel N, Rossi Perazza L, Varin TV, Trottier J, Marcotte B, St-Pierre P, Barbier O, Chassaing B, Marette A. Dietary fat and low fiber in purified diets differently impact the gut-liver axis to promote obesity-linked metabolic impairments. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G1014-G1033. [PMID: 33881354 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00028.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Selecting the most relevant control diet is of critical importance for metabolic and intestinal studies in animal models. Chow and LF-purified diet differentially impact metabolic and gut microbiome outcomes resulting in major changes in intestinal integrity in LF-fed animals which contributes to altering metabolic homeostasis. Dietary fat and low fiber both contribute to the deleterious metabolic effect of purified HF diets through both selective and overlapping mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noëmie Daniel
- Faculty of Food Science, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Cardiology axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Laίs Rossi Perazza
- Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Cardiology axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Thibault V Varin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Trottier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU-Québec Research Center, and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Marcotte
- Cardiology axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe St-Pierre
- Cardiology axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU-Québec Research Center, and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- INSERM U1016, team "Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases," CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - André Marette
- Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Cardiology axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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Durand R, Ouellette A, Houde VP, Guénard F, Varin TV, Marcotte B, Pilon G, Fraboulet E, Vohl MC, Marette A, Bazinet L. Animal and Cellular Studies Demonstrate Some of the Beneficial Impacts of Herring Milt Hydrolysates on Obesity-Induced Glucose Intolerance and Inflammation. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113235. [PMID: 33105775 PMCID: PMC7690616 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for bioactive compounds from enzymatic hydrolysates has increased in the last few decades. Fish by-products have been shown to be rich in these valuable molecules; for instance, herring milt is a complex matrix composed of lipids, nucleotides, minerals, and proteins. However, limited information is available on the potential health benefits of this by-product. In this context, three industrial products containing herring milt hydrolysate (HMH) were tested in both animal and cellular models to measure their effects on obesity-related metabolic disorders. Male C57Bl/6J mice were fed either a control chow diet or a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet for 8 weeks and received either the vehicle (water) or one of the three HMH products (HMH1, HMH2, and HMH3) at a dose of 208.8 mg/kg (representing 1 g/day for a human) by daily oral gavage. The impact of HMH treatments on insulin and glucose tolerance, lipid homeostasis, liver gene expression, and the gut microbiota profile was studied. In parallel, the effects of HMH on glucose uptake and inflammation were studied in L6 myocytes and J774 macrophages, respectively. In vivo, daily treatment with HMH2 and HMH3 improved early time point glycemia during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) induced by the HFHS diet, without changes in weight gain and insulin secretion. Interestingly, we also observed that HMH2 consumption partially prevented a lower abundance of Lactobacillus species in the gut microbiota of HFHS diet-fed animals. In addition to this, modulations of gene expression in the liver, such as the upregulation of sucrose nonfermenting AMPK-related kinase (SNARK), were reported for the first time in mice treated with HMH products. While HMH2 and HMH3 inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction in J774 macrophages, glucose uptake was not modified in L6 muscle cells. These results indicate that milt herring hydrolysates reduce some metabolic and inflammatory alterations in cellular and animal models, suggesting a possible novel marine ingredient to help fight against obesity-related immunometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Durand
- Department of food Sciences and Laboratory of Food Processing and Electromembrane Process (LTAPEM), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
| | - Adia Ouellette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | - Vanessa P. Houde
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Guénard
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Thibaut V. Varin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Marcotte
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | | | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | - Laurent Bazinet
- Department of food Sciences and Laboratory of Food Processing and Electromembrane Process (LTAPEM), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +418-656-2131-7445; Fax: +418-656-3353
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Laiglesia LM, Mitchell PL, Marcotte B, Trottier J, Barbier O, Marette A. ω-3 PUFA and PDX Stimulate Myocytes to Improve Adipocyte Function Through a Novel Myokine-Adipose Glucoregulatory AxisImage 11. Can J Diabetes 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2016.08.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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White PJ, St-Pierre P, Charbonneau A, Mitchell PL, St-Amand E, Marcotte B, Marette A. Protectin DX alleviates insulin resistance by activating a myokine-liver glucoregulatory axis. Nat Med 2014; 20:664-9. [PMID: 24813250 PMCID: PMC4978533 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that low biosynthesis of ω-3 derived pro-resolution mediators termed protectins is associated with an impaired global resolution capacity, inflammation and insulin resistance in obese high fat-fed mice1. These findings prompted a more direct study of the therapeutic potential of protectins for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Herein we found that protectin DX (PDX) exerts an unanticipated glucoregulatory activity that is distinct from its anti-inflammatory actions. PDX was found to selectively stimulate the release of the prototypic myokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) from skeletal muscle and thereby initiate a myokine-liver signaling axis, which blunts hepatic glucose production via Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mediated transcriptional suppression of the gluconeogenic program. These effects of PDX were abrogated in IL-6 null mice. PDX also activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) but in an IL-6 independent manner. Notably, we demonstrate that administration of PDX to obese diabetic db/db mice raises skeletal muscle IL-6 and substantially improves insulin sensitivity in this severe model of diabetes, without any impact on adipose tissue inflammation. Our findings thus support the development of PDX-based selective muscle IL-6 secretagogues as a new class of therapy for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J White
- 1] Department of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada. [2] Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe St-Pierre
- 1] Department of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada. [2] Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Charbonneau
- 1] Department of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada. [2] Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Patricia L Mitchell
- 1] Department of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada. [2] Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle St-Amand
- 1] Department of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada. [2] Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Marcotte
- 1] Department of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada. [2] Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- 1] Department of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada. [2] Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Jenkins Y, Sun TQ, Markovtsov V, Foretz M, Li W, Nguyen H, Li Y, Pan A, Uy G, Gross L, Baltgalvis K, Yung SL, Gururaja T, Kinoshita T, Owyang A, Smith IJ, McCaughey K, White K, Godinez G, Alcantara R, Choy C, Ren H, Basile R, Sweeny DJ, Xu X, Issakani SD, Carroll DC, Goff DA, Shaw SJ, Singh R, Boros LG, Laplante MA, Marcotte B, Kohen R, Viollet B, Marette A, Payan DG, Kinsella TM, Hitoshi Y. AMPK activation through mitochondrial regulation results in increased substrate oxidation and improved metabolic parameters in models of diabetes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81870. [PMID: 24339975 PMCID: PMC3855387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of mitochondrial function through inhibiting respiratory complex I activates a key sensor of cellular energy status, the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Activation of AMPK results in the mobilization of nutrient uptake and catabolism for mitochondrial ATP generation to restore energy homeostasis. How these nutrient pathways are affected in the presence of a potent modulator of mitochondrial function and the role of AMPK activation in these effects remain unclear. We have identified a molecule, named R419, that activates AMPK in vitro via complex I inhibition at much lower concentrations than metformin (IC50 100 nM vs 27 mM, respectively). R419 potently increased myocyte glucose uptake that was dependent on AMPK activation, while its ability to suppress hepatic glucose production in vitro was not. In addition, R419 treatment of mouse primary hepatocytes increased fatty acid oxidation and inhibited lipogenesis in an AMPK-dependent fashion. We have performed an extensive metabolic characterization of its effects in the db/db mouse diabetes model. In vivo metabolite profiling of R419-treated db/db mice showed a clear upregulation of fatty acid oxidation and catabolism of branched chain amino acids. Additionally, analyses performed using both 13C-palmitate and 13C-glucose tracers revealed that R419 induces complete oxidation of both glucose and palmitate to CO2 in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue, confirming that the compound increases mitochondrial function in vivo. Taken together, our results show that R419 is a potent inhibitor of complex I and modulates mitochondrial function in vitro and in diabetic animals in vivo. R419 may serve as a valuable molecular tool for investigating the impact of modulating mitochondrial function on nutrient metabolism in multiple tissues and on glucose and lipid homeostasis in diabetic animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonchu Jenkins
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Tian-Qiang Sun
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Vadim Markovtsov
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Marc Foretz
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris cité, Paris, France
| | - Wei Li
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Henry Nguyen
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Yingwu Li
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Alison Pan
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Gerald Uy
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lisa Gross
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Kristen Baltgalvis
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Stephanie L. Yung
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Tarikere Gururaja
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Taisei Kinoshita
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Alexander Owyang
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ira J. Smith
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Kelly McCaughey
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Kathy White
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Guillermo Godinez
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Raniel Alcantara
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Carmen Choy
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Hong Ren
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Rachel Basile
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - David J. Sweeny
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Xiang Xu
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sarkiz D. Issakani
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - David C. Carroll
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Dane A. Goff
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Simon J. Shaw
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Rajinder Singh
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Laszlo G. Boros
- SiDMAP, LLC, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute (LABIOMED) at the Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Marc-André Laplante
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (Hôpital Laval), Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Marcotte
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (Hôpital Laval), Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Rita Kohen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (Hôpital Laval), Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris cité, Paris, France
| | - André Marette
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (Hôpital Laval), Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Donald G. Payan
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Todd M. Kinsella
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Yasumichi Hitoshi
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Rudkowska I, Marcotte B, Pilon G, Lavigne C, Marette A, Vohl MC. Fish nutrients decrease expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α in cultured human macrophages. Physiol Genomics 2010; 40:189-94. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00120.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of fish consumption on inflammatory markers. Until now, these beneficial effects of fish consumption have been mostly linked to the omega-3 fatty acids (FA). The objective of the present study was to examine, in vitro, whether expression levels of genes involved in the inflammatory response differ in human macrophages incubated with casein hydrolysates (CH) or fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) in the presence or absence of omega-3 FA compared with omega-3 FA alone. Peripheral blood monocytes differentiated into macrophages from 10 men were incubated in the presence of omega-3 FA (10 μM eicosapentaenoic acid and 5 μM docosahexaenoic acid) or CH or FPH (10, 100, 1,000 μg) with or without omega-3 FA for 48 h. Results demonstrate that expression levels of tumor necrosis factorα ( TNFα) had a tendency to be lower after the addition of FPH alone or CH with omega-3 FA compared with omega-3 FA treatment. Furthermore, the combination of FPH and omega-3 FA synergistically decreased expression levels of TNFα compared to treatment with omega-3 FA or FPH alone. No difference on gene expression levels of interleukin-6 was observed between treatments. In conclusion, these preliminary results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of fish consumption can be explained by a synergistic effect of the omega-3 FA with the protein components of fish on TNFα expression and therefore contribute to the beneficial effects of fish consumption. Hence, follow-up studies should be performed to confirm the effects of a diet rich in FPH and omega-3 FA on serum proinflammatory cytokine concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Rudkowska
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bruno Marcotte
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charles Lavigne
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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8
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of adipose tissue inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction in endotoxemia. Systemic administration of the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to rats for </=8 h markedly increased iNOS mRNA and protein levels in white and brown adipose tissues. This effect was comparable to or greater than the induction of iNOS in liver, kidney, or skeletal muscle. iNOS activity was also found to be greatly enhanced in both white and brown adipose tissues of LPS-treated rats (an approximately 12- to 20-fold increase). Treatment of cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes with LPS, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) alone failed to induce iNOS activity. However, when used in combination, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and LPS markedly and synergistically increased iNOS activity in these cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that adipose tissue is a major site of iNOS expression in endotoxemia. Our data further indicate that iNOS induction can be reproduced in vitro in cultured adipocytes and that a concerted action of cytokines and endotoxin is needed for maximal activation of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kapur
- Department of Physiology and Lipid Research Unit, Laval University Hospital Research Center, Quebec, Canada G1V 4G2
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9
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Abstract
Recent studies have shown that cytokines and endotoxins impair insulin-stimulated glucose transport by activating the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) production in skeletal muscle cells. In this study, we investigated whether iNOS induction is modulated by insulin in L6 myocytes. Long term exposure of muscle cells to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) greatly increased iNOS mRNA expression and NO production. Addition of insulin to the cytokine/LPS-treated muscle cells reduced (by approximately 40%) NO production. This inhibition was similar to that observed with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone, a known inhibitor of iNOS in several cell types. The combination of insulin and dexamethasone was more effective than either agent alone in reducing NO production. Dexamethasone greatly inhibited the effect of cytokines/LPS to induce cellular iNOS mRNA expression. In strong contrast, insulin failed to reduce iNOS mRNA expression under similar conditions. These results show that insulin is a novel inhibitor of iNOS-mediated NO production in skeletal muscle cells. Furthermore, our data indicate that unlike glucocorticoids, insulin does not inhibit NO production by suppression of iNOS gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bédard
- Department of Physiology, Laval University Hospital Research Center, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
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10
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Kapur S, Bédard S, Marcotte B, Côté CH, Marette A. Expression of nitric oxide synthase in skeletal muscle: a novel role for nitric oxide as a modulator of insulin action. Diabetes 1997; 46:1691-700. [PMID: 9356014 DOI: 10.2337/diab.46.11.1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that nitric oxide synthase (NOS), the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of nitric oxide (NO), is expressed in skeletal muscle. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that NO can modulate glucose metabolism in slow- and fast-twitch skeletal muscles. Calcium-dependent NOS was detected in skeletal muscle, and the enzyme activity was greater in fast-type extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles than in slow-type soleus muscles. Both the neuronal-type (nNOS) and endothelial-type (eNOS) enzymes are expressed in resting skeletal muscles. However, nNOS protein was only detected in EDL muscles, whereas eNOS protein contents were comparable in soleus and EDL muscles. NOS expression in muscle cryosections (diaphorase histochemistry) was located in vascular endothelium and in muscle fibers, and the staining was greater in type IIb than in type I and IIa fibers. The macrophage-type inducible NOS (iNOS) was not detected in resting muscle, but endotoxin treatment induced its expression, concomitant with elevated NO production. iNOS induction was associated with impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in isolated rat muscles. In vitro, NOS blockade with specific inhibitors did not affect basal or insulin-stimulated glucose transport in EDL or soleus muscles. In contrast, the NO donors GEA 5024 and sodium nitroprusside induced dose-dependent inhibition (up to 50%) of maximal insulin-stimulated glucose transport in both muscles with minor effects on basal uptake values. GEA 5024 also blunted insulin-stimulated glucose transport and amino acid uptake in cultured L6 muscle cells without affecting insulin binding to its receptor. On the other hand, the permeable cGMP analogue dibutyryl cGMP did not affect muscle glucose transport. These results strongly suggest that NO modulates insulin action in both slow- and fast-type skeletal muscles. This novel autocrine action of NO in muscle appears to be mediated by cGMP-independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kapur
- Department of Physiology, Laval University Hospital Research Center, Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Bédard S, Marcotte B, Marette A. Cytokines modulate glucose transport in skeletal muscle by inducing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Biochem J 1997; 325 ( Pt 2):487-93. [PMID: 9230132 PMCID: PMC1218586 DOI: 10.1042/bj3250487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The principal goal of the present study was to test the hypothesis that cytokines modulate glucose transport in skeletal muscle by increasing nitric oxide production. Cultured L6 skeletal muscle cells were incubated in the presence of tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone or in combination for 24 h. Neither cytokines nor LPS alone induced NO production, as measured by nitrite concentrations in the medium. However, when used in combination, the two cytokines significantly stimulated NO production, and this effect was synergistically enhanced by the presence of LPS. Reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that NO release was associated with the induction of inducible (macrophage-type) NO synthase (iNOS). The increase in iNOS expression was confirmed at the protein level by Western-blot analysis and NADPH/diaphorase histochemical staining. Cytokines and LPS markedly increased basal glucose transport in L6 myocytes. Insulin also stimulated basal glucose transport, but significantly less in cells chronically exposed to cytokines/LPS. The sensitivity of L6 muscle cells to insulin-stimulated glucose transport was also significantly decreased by cytokines/LPS treatment. The NOS inhibitor NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) inhibited nitrite production in cytokine/LPS-treated cells, and this prevented the increase in basal glucose transport and restored muscle cell responsiveness to insulin. Cytokines/LPS exposure significantly increased GLUT1 transporter protein levels but decreased GLUT4 expression in L6 cells. l-NAME treatment prevented the increase in GLUT1 protein content but failed to restore GLUT4 transporter levels. These results demonstrate that cytokines and LPS affect glucose transport and insulin action by inducing iNOS expression and NO production in skeletal muscle cells. The data further indicate that cytokines and LPS increase the expression of the GLUT1 transporter protein by an NO-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bédard
- Department of Physiology and Lipid Research Unit, Laval University Hospital Research Center, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 4G2
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12
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Marette A, Mauriège P, Marcotte B, Atgié C, Bouchard C, Thériault G, Bukowiecki LJ, Marceau P, Biron S, Nadeau A, Després JP. Regional variation in adipose tissue insulin action and GLUT4 glucose transporter expression in severely obese premenopausal women. Diabetologia 1997; 40:590-8. [PMID: 9165229 DOI: 10.1007/s001250050720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Insulin action and GLUT4 expression were examined in adipose tissue of severely obese premenopausal women undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. Fat samples were taken from three different anatomical regions: the subcutaneous abdominal site, the round ligament (deep abdominal properitoneal fat), and the greater omentum (deep abdominal intraperitoneal fat). The stimulatory effect of insulin on glucose transport and the ability of the hormone to inhibit lipolysis were determined in adipocytes isolated from these three adipose depots. Insulin stimulated glucose transport 2-3 times over basal rates in all adipocytes. However, round ligament adipose cells showed a significantly greater responsiveness to insulin when compared to subcutaneous and omental adipocytes. Round ligament fat cells also displayed the greatest sensitivity and maximal antilipolytic response to insulin. We also investigated whether regional differences in fat cell insulin-stimulated glucose transport were linked to a differential expression of the GLUT4 glucose transporter. GLUT4 protein content in total membranes was 5 and 2.2 times greater in round ligament adipose tissue than in subcutaneous and omental fat depots, respectively. Moreover, GLUT4 mRNA levels were 2.1 and 3 times higher in round ligament than in subcutaneous or omental adipose tissues, respectively. Adipose tissue GLUT4 protein content was strongly and negatively associated (r = -0.79 to -0.89, p < 0.01) with the waist-to-hip ratio but not with total adiposity. In conclusion, these results demonstrate the existence of site differences in adipose tissue insulin action in morbidly obese women. The greater insulin effect on glucose transport in round ligament adipocytes was associated with a higher expression of GLUT4 when compared to subcutaneous abdominal and omental fat cells. Moreover, despite the regional variation in GLUT4 expression, an increased proportion of abdominal fat was found to be associated with lower levels of GLUT4 in all adipose regions investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marette
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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13
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Dombrowski L, Roy D, Marcotte B, Marette A. A new procedure for the isolation of plasma membranes, T tubules, and internal membranes from skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol 1996; 270:E667-76. [PMID: 8928775 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1996.270.4.e667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A new subcellular fractionation procedure for the simultaneous isolation of plasma membranes and transverse (T) tubule membranes from a rat skeletal muscle was developed. This new technique allows the isolation and separation of plasma membranes and T tubules in distinct subcellular fractions, as revealed by the membrane distribution of enzymatic and immunologic markers of both cell surface compartments. The procedure also yields a novel membrane fraction that is devoid of markers of both surface domains but is markedly enriched with GLUT-4 glucose transporters, thus strongly suggesting that it represents an intracellular pool of GLUT-4. Using this new procedure, we found that acute in vivo insulin administration (30 min) increased GLUT-4 protein content in the plasma membrane and a T tubule fraction (by approximately 80%), whereas a smaller elevation (35%) was observed in another fraction enriched with T tubules. Insulin induced a concomitant reduction (approximately 40%) in GLUT-4 abundance in the intracellular fraction. These results further support the hypothesis that T tubules are involved in the regulation of glucose transport in skeletal muscle. This novel fractionation method will be useful in investigating the regulation of muscle GLUT-4 transporters in other physiological and disease states such as diabetes, where defective translocation of the transporter protein to either one or both cell surface domains is suspected to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dombrowski
- Department of Physiology, Laval University Hospital Research Center, Quebec, Canada
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14
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Bélanger G, Beaulieu M, Marcotte B, Lévesque E, Guillemette C, Hum DW, Bélanger A. Expression of transcripts encoding steroid UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in human prostate hyperplastic tissue and the LNCaP cell line. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1995; 113:165-73. [PMID: 8674824 DOI: 10.1016/0303-7207(95)03627-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.17) enzymes transform many lipophilic compounds to more water-soluble products via conjugation with glucuronic acid. This conversion is responsible for enhancing the excretion of endogenous aglycones such as steroids. To date, several distinct isoforms of steroid UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) have been isolated in the human liver. Among these UGTs, UGT2B7 is specific for estriol and 3,4-catechol estrogens, UGT2B15 glucuronidates 17beta-hydroxy-C19 steroids while UGT2B10 has as yet an undescribed activity. To further demonstrate the presence of UGTs in peripheral tissues we studied the expression of these enzymes in human prostate hyperplastic tissue and the LNCaP cell line. Metabolism studies using intact LNCaP cells in culture indicate the presence of UGT activities involved in the glucuronidation of 3alpha-hydroxysteroids (androsterone) and 17beta-hydroxysteroids (testosterone and dihydrotestosterone). Northern blot analysis of poly(A+) RNA from LNCaP cells and prostate using a UGT2B15 cDNA probe revealed two bands of 2.0 and 2.3 kb. In order to identify more specifically the mRNAs detected in Northern blot analysis we used RNase protection and RT-PCR, although, these approaches did not allow detection of UGT2B7 transcripts. Our studies demonstrate the presence of two UGT activities and at least two types of UGT transcripts in both the human prostate and the LNCaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bélanger
- MRC Group in Molecular Endocrinology, CHUL Research Center, Québec, Canada
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15
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Michelutti L, Falter H, Certossi S, Marcotte B, Mazzuchin A. Isolation and purification of creatine kinase conversion factor from human serum and its identification as carboxypeptidase N. Clin Biochem 1987; 20:21-9. [PMID: 3105932 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120(87)80093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Creatine kinase conversion factor has been isolated from human serum and purified to electrophoretic and chromatographic homogeneity. The enzyme sequentially converts creatine kinase MM3 to MM2 and MM1 and hydrolyzes lysine and arginine from hippuryl-L-lysine and hippuryl-L-arginine. Data on molecular weight, (316,000 dalton), electrophoretic mobility (alpha-globulin), prevalence in serum (26 mg/L), subunit composition (two subunits, 80,000 and 52,200 dalton) indicate that creatine kinase conversion factor is identical to carboxypeptidase N. The previously reported lower molecular weight of 190,000 dalton of partially purified creatine kinase conversion factor is attributed to proteolytic degradation.
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16
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Fuchs JA, Price JH, Richards JE, Marcotte B. Worksetting health promotion--a comprehensive bibliography. Health Educ 1985; 16:29-34, 40. [PMID: 3939935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Marcotte B, Price JH. The status of health promotion programs at the worksite--a review. Health Educ 1983; 14:4-9. [PMID: 6443930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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