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Damasceno YO, Leitão CVFS, de Oliveira GM, Andrade FAB, Pereira AB, Viza RS, Correia RC, Campos HO, Drummond LR, Leite LHR, Coimbra CC. Plant-based diets benefit aerobic performance and do not compromise strength/power performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:829-840. [PMID: 37869973 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based diets have emerged as athletic performance enhancers for various types of exercise. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effectiveness of plant-based diets on aerobic and strength/power performances, as well as on BMI of physically active individuals. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted and reported according to the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. A systematic search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus, was performed. On the basis of the search and inclusion criteria, four and six studies evaluating the effects of plant-based diets on aerobic and strength/power performances in humans were, respectively, included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Plant-based diets had a moderate but positive effect on aerobic performance (0·55; 95 % CI 0·29, 0·81) and no effect on strength/power performance (-0·30; 95 % CI -0·67, 0·07). The altogether analyses of both aerobic and strength/power exercises revealed that athletic performance was unchanged (0·01; 95 % CI -0·21, 0·22) in athletes who adopted plant-based diets. However, a small negative effect on BMI (-0·27; 95 % CI -0·40, -0·15) was induced by these diets. The results indicate that plant-based diets have the potential to exclusively assist aerobic performance. On the other hand, these diets do not jeopardise strength/power performance. Overall, the predicted effects of plant-based diets on physical performance are impactless, even though the BMI of their adherents is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancka Oliveira Damasceno
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Cauã V F S Leitão
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Gabriel Moraes de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Fernando Augusto Barcelos Andrade
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - André B Pereira
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo S Viza
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Renata C Correia
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Helton O Campos
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Ubá, Ubá, MG, Brasil
| | - Lucas R Drummond
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Divinópolis, Divinópolis, MG, Brasil
| | - Laura H R Leite
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Santiago HP, Leite LHR, Lima PMA, Fóscolo DRC, Natali AJ, Prímola-Gomes TN, Szawka RE, Coimbra CC. Effects of physical training on hypothalamic neuronal activation and expressions of vasopressin and oxytocin in SHR after running until fatigue. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:365-377. [PMID: 38308122 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02916-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
To assess the influence of physical training on neuronal activation and hypothalamic expression of vasopressin and oxytocin in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), untrained and trained normotensive rats and SHR were submitted to running until fatigue while internal body and tail temperatures were recorded. Hypothalamic c-Fos expression was evaluated in thermoregulatory centers such as the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO), medial preoptic nucleus (mPOA), paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), and supraoptic nucleus (SON). The PVN and the SON were also investigated for vasopressin and oxytocin expressions. Although exercise training improved the workload performed by the animals, it was reduced in SHR and followed by increased internal body temperature due to tail vasodilation deficit. Physical training enhanced c-Fos expression in the MnPO, mPOA, and PVN of both strains, and these responses were attenuated in SHR. Vasopressin immunoreactivity in the PVN was also increased by physical training to a lesser extent in SHR. The already-reduced oxytocin expression in the PVN of SHR was increased in response to physical training. Within the SON, neuronal activation and the expressions of vasopressin and oxytocin were reduced by hypertension and unaffected by physical training. The data indicate that physical training counterbalances in part the negative effect of hypertension on hypothalamic neuronal activation elicited by exercise, as well as on the expression of vasopressin and oxytocin. These hypertension features seem to negatively influence the workload performed by SHR due to the hyperthermia derived from the inability of physical training to improve heat dissipation through skin vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique P Santiago
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laura H R Leite
- Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo M A Lima
- Núcleo de Pesquisa da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Rio Verde, Universidade de Rio Verde, Campus Goiânia, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Daniela R C Fóscolo
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antônio José Natali
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Raphael E Szawka
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Andrade MT, Nunes‐Leite MMS, Bruzzi RS, Souza CH, Uendeles‐Pinto JP, Prado LS, Soares DD, Gonçalves DAP, Coimbra CC, Wanner SP. Predicting the body core temperature of recreational athletes at the end of a 10 km self-paced run under environmental heat stress. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:852-864. [PMID: 37018484 PMCID: PMC10988464 DOI: 10.1113/ep091017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? The aim was to identify the factors predicting the body core temperature of athletes at the end of a 10 km self-paced run in a hot environment. What is the main finding and its importance? Hyperthermia in athletes subjected to self-paced running depends on several factors, highlighting the integrated control of core temperature during exercise under environmental heat stress. Five of the seven variables that significantly predicted core temperature are not invasive and, therefore, practical for use outside the laboratory environment: heart rate, sweat rate, wet-bulb globe temperature, running speed and maximal oxygen consumption. ABSTRACT Measurement of body core temperature (Tcore ) is paramount to determining the thermoregulatory strain of athletes. However, standard measurement procedures of Tcore are not practical for extended use outside the laboratory environment. Therefore, determining the factors that predict Tcore during a self-paced run is crucial for creating more effective strategies to minimize the heat-induced impairment of endurance performance and reduce the occurrence of exertional heatstroke. The aim of this study was to identify the factors predicting Tcore values attained at the end of a 10 km time trial (end-Tcore ) under environmental heat stress. Initially, we extracted data obtained from 75 recordings of recreationally trained men and women. Next, we ran hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses to understand the predictive power of the following variables: wet-bulb globe temperature, average running speed, initial Tcore , body mass, differences between Tcore and skin temperature (Tskin ), sweat rate, maximal oxygen uptake, heart rate and change in body mass. Our data indicated that Tcore increased continuously during exercise, attaining 39.6 ± 0.5°C (mean ± SD) after 53.9 ± 7.5 min of treadmill running. This end-Tcore value was primarily predicted by heart rate, sweat rate, differences between Tcore and Tskin , wet-bulb globe temperature, initial Tcore , running speed and maximal oxygen uptake, in this order of importance (β power values corresponded to 0.462, -0.395, 0.393, 0.327, 0.277, 0.244 and 0.228, respectively). In conclusion, several factors predict Tcore in athletes subjected to self-paced running under environmental heat stress. Moreover, considering the conditions investigated, heart rate and sweat rate, two practical (non-invasive) variables, have the highest predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo T. Andrade
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - Matheus M. S. Nunes‐Leite
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - Rúbio S. Bruzzi
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - Carlos H. Souza
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - João P. Uendeles‐Pinto
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - Luciano S. Prado
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
- Sports Training Center, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - Danusa D. Soares
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - Dawit A. P. Gonçalves
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
- Sports Training Center, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - Cândido C. Coimbra
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biological SciencesUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - Samuel P. Wanner
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational TherapyUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
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Andrade MT, Barbosa NHS, Souza-Junior RCS, Fonseca CG, Damasceno WC, Regina-Oliveira K, Drummond LR, Bittencourt MA, Kunstetter AC, Andrade PVR, Hudson ASR, Paula PH, Teixeira-Coelho F, Coimbra CC, Pires W, Wanner SP. Determinants of body core temperatures at fatigue in rats subjected to incremental-speed exercise: The prominent roles of ambient temperature, distance traveled, initial core temperature, and measurement site. Int J Biometeorol 2023; 67:761-775. [PMID: 36935415 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02453-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the factors that underlie the physical exercise-induced increase in body core temperature (TCORE) is essential to developing strategies to counteract hyperthermic fatigue and reduce the risk of exertional heatstroke. This study analyzed the contribution of six factors to TCORE attained at fatigue in Wistar rats (n = 218) subjected to incremental-speed treadmill running: ambient temperature (TAMB), distance traveled, initial TCORE, body mass, measurement site, and heat loss index (HLI). First, we ran hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses with data from different studies conducted in our laboratory (n = 353 recordings). We observed that TAMB, distance traveled, initial TCORE, and measurement site were the variables with predictive power. Next, regression analyses were conducted with data for each of the following TCORE indices: abdominal (TABD), brain cortex (TBRAIN), or colonic (TCOL) temperature. Our findings indicated that TAMB, distance traveled (i.e., an exercise performance-related variable), initial TCORE, and HLI predicted the three TCORE indices at fatigue. Most intriguingly, HLI was inversely related to TABD and TBRAIN but positively associated with TCOL. Lastly, we compared the temperature values at fatigue among these TCORE indices, and the following descendent order was noticed - TCOL, TABD, and TBRAIN - irrespective of TAMB where experiments were conducted. In conclusion, TCORE in rats exercised to fatigue depends primarily on environmental conditions, performance, pre-exercise TCORE, and measurement site. Moreover, the influence of cutaneous heat loss on TCOL is qualitatively different from the influence on TABD and TBRAIN, and the temperature values at fatigue are not homogenous within the body core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo T Andrade
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Nicolas H S Barbosa
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roberto C S Souza-Junior
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cletiana G Fonseca
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - William C Damasceno
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kássya Regina-Oliveira
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas R Drummond
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Unidade Divinópolis, MG, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Myla A Bittencourt
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana C Kunstetter
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pedro V R Andrade
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S R Hudson
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Paula
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Francisco Teixeira-Coelho
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, MG, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Washington Pires
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Physical Activity Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Samuel P Wanner
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, MG, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Horta NAC, Fernandes P, Cardoso TSR, Machado FSM, Drummond LR, Coimbra CC, Wanner SP, Maria L Castrucci A, Poletini MO. TRPV1 inactivation alters core body temperature and serum corticosterone levels: Impacts on clock genes expression in the liver and adrenal glands. J Therm Biol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Andrade MT, Goulart KNO, Barbosa NHS, Soares DD, Andrade AGP, Gonçalves DAP, Mendes TT, Coimbra CC, Wanner SP. Core body temperatures of rats subjected to treadmill exercise to fatigue or exhaustion: The journal Temperature toolbox. Temperature (Austin) 2022; 10:287-312. [PMID: 37554383 PMCID: PMC10405761 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2022.2115274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study systematically reviewed the literature reporting the changes in rats' core body temperature (TCORE) induced by either incremental- or constant-speed running to fatigue or exhaustion. In addition, multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the factors contributing to the TCORE values attained when exercise was interrupted. Four databases (EMBASE, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) were searched in October 2021, and this search was updated in August 2022. Seventy-two studies (n = 1,538 rats) were included in the systematic review. These studies described heterogeneous experimental conditions; for example, the ambient temperature ranged from 5 to 40°C. The rats quit exercising with TCORE values varying more than 8°C among studies, with the lowest and highest values corresponding to 34.9°C and 43.4°C, respectively. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that the ambient temperature (p < 0.001), initial TCORE (p < 0.001), distance traveled (p < 0.001; only incremental exercises), and running speed and duration (p < 0.001; only constant exercises) contributed significantly to explaining the variance in the TCORE at the end of the exercise. In conclusion, rats subjected to treadmill running exhibit heterogeneous TCORE when fatigued or exhausted. Moreover, it is not possible to determine a narrow range of TCORE associated with exercise cessation in hyperthermic rats. Ambient temperature, initial TCORE, and physical performance-related variables are the best predictors of TCORE at fatigue or exhaustion. From a broader perspective, this systematic review provides relevant information for selecting appropriate methods in future studies designed to investigate exercise thermoregulation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo T. Andrade
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Karine N. O. Goulart
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Nicolas H. S. Barbosa
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Danusa D. Soares
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - André G. P. Andrade
- Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Dawit A. P. Gonçalves
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thiago T. Mendes
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Cândido C. Coimbra
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Samuel P. Wanner
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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7
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Fóscolo DRC, Lima PMA, Rodovalho GV, Coimbra CC. Early maternal separation alters the activation of stress-responsive brain areas in adulthood. Neurosci Lett 2022; 771:136464. [PMID: 35051433 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The expression of c-Fos protein has been extensively used as a marker of neuronal activation in response to stressful stimuli. Early maternal separation (MS) is a model of early life adversity that affects the responsiveness of the brain areas to stressors. Thus, this study examined the impact of early MS on activating stress-responsive areas in the brain of adult rats in response to physical (ether) or psychological (restraint) stressors. Male pups were divided for the MS or non-handled (NH) groups. The MS was carried out daily between the 2nd and 14th day of postnatal life and consisted in removing the dams from the cage for 180 min. The rats were then subjected to experimental protocols of restraint or ether exposure at 10-12 weeks old. The rats were anesthetized 90 min after exposure to the stressors, and their brains were prepared for immunohistochemical analysis of c-Fos immunoreactive (c-Fos-ir) neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), supraoptic nucleus (SON), medial preoptic area (MPA), medial amygdaloid nucleus (MeA), locus coeruleus (LC), and nucleus of the solitary tract (NST). The MS-group presented 86%, 125%, 73%, 56%, and 137% higher c-Fos-ir neurons in the LC, PVN, SON, MPA, and MeA, respectively, compared to NH-group in response to the restraint stressor. In addition, the MS-group presented 180%, 137%, 170%, and 138% higher c-Fos-ir neurons for the ether exposure in the LC, PVN, MPA, and MeA, respectively. Our results show a greater increase in neuronal activation in the MS group, indicating that early life adversity can induce reprogramming in the brain response to stress in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela R C Fóscolo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Paulo M A Lima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Rio Verde - Campus Aparecida, Aparecida de Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Gisele V Rodovalho
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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8
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Ramos GP, Nakamura FY, Penna EM, Mendes TT, Mahseredjian F, Lima AM, Garcia ES, Prado LS, Coimbra CC. Comparison of Physical Fitness and Anthropometrical Profiles Among Brazilian Female Soccer National Teams From U15 to Senior Categories. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:2302-2308. [PMID: 31009426 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Ramos, GP, Nakamura, FY, Penna, EM, Mendes, TT, Mahseredjian, F, Lima, AM, Garcia, ES, Prado, LS, and Coimbra, CC. Comparison of physical fitness and anthropometrical profiles among Brazilian female soccer national teams from U15 to senior categories. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2302-2308, 2021-This study aimed to compare anthropometric and physical fitness of Brazilian female national team soccer players from the U15 to senior categories, and to compare the physical performance between selected and nonselected players. Subjects included 231 athletes (U15, n = 46, U17, n = 49, U20, n = 98, and Senior, n = 38). Body mass, height, sum of skinfolds, squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), 20-m linear sprint, and Yo-Yo IR1 were assessed. The U15 players were shorter than all other groups (p < 0.01) and lighter than U20 players (p < 0.01). Regarding physical tests, Senior athletes presented higher SJ compared with U20, and both showed higher CMJ and SJ compared with the U15 and U17 (p < 0.05). Senior athletes were also faster than players of all other categories in 20-m sprint (p < 0.01) and covered the greatest distance in the Yo-Yo IR1 (p < 0.05). U20 were better in the Yo-Yo IR1 than the younger groups (p < 0.05). When comparing selected and nonselected players, no differences were identified in anthropometric measures (p > 0.05). However, selected players from U17, U20, and Senior teams showed better performance in Yo-Yo IR1 than nonselected ones (p < 0.05). Finally, selected senior athletes also presented higher CMJ and SJ than nonselected players (p < 0.05). These results suggest that, although there is a tendency for maintenance in anthropometric measures from the age of 15 years, there are substantial improvements in speed, lower-body power, and aerobic capacity from U20 age group. In addition, it seems that intermittent aerobic fitness contributes to the selection of players to international tournaments in national teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme P Ramos
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Brazilian National Football Confederation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio Y Nakamura
- The College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Eduardo M Penna
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Federal University of Para, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
| | - Thiago T Mendes
- Federal University of Maranhão, São Luiz, Maranhão, Brazil ; and
| | | | - Andre M Lima
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Emerson S Garcia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luciano S Prado
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Biological Sciences, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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9
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de Rezende LMT, Brito LC, Moura AG, Costa AJLD, Leal TF, Favarato ES, Favarato LSC, Natali AJ, Coimbra CC, Prímola-Gomes TN. Core temperature circadian rhythm across aging in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J Therm Biol 2021; 97:102807. [PMID: 33863423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the circadian rhythm of core temperature (Tcore) across aging in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) with comparison to the two rat strains often used as their normotensive control animals, namely, Wistar (WIS) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY). METHODS WIS, WKY and SHR rats were subdivided into three different groups according their age: WIS16, WIS48, WIS72, WKY16, WKY48, WKY72, SHR16, SHR48 and SHR72 weeks-old. Body mass and blood pressure were periodically measured along the experiments. All animal group had their circadian rhythm of Tcore evaluated over three consecutive days (72 h) by telemetry using an implanted temperature sensor. The Tcore circadian rhythm was averaged in 1-h blocks and analyzed using the cosinor method. RESULTS Sixteen-week-old SHR (SHR16) presented higher Tcore than WIS16 (from 06am to 06pm) and WKY16 (from 07am to 06pm). Both normotensive groups exhibited increases in Tcore during circadian rhythm with aging. The cosinor analysis showed no differences between strains and ages for the acrophase. An age effect on the SHR strain (SHR16 < SHR72) was observed regarding the amplitude. SHR16 had higher values regarding MESOR compared to WIS16 and WKY16. In addition, WIS72 and WKY72 showed higher values than WIS16 and WKY16, respectively. Finally, no differences were observed in the strength rhythm analysis. CONCLUSIONS SHR presented impaired thermoregulatory control at only 16 weeks of age when showing a higher body temperature during the activity phase, while other circadian rhythm parameters showed no differences across aging. Therefore, in taking our results as a whole we can conclude that WIS and WKY are appropriate Wistar strains to be used as normotensive controls for SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo M T de Rezende
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro C Brito
- Laboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Locomotora, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anselmo G Moura
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre J L D Costa
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Tiago F Leal
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Evandro S Favarato
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Lukiya S C Favarato
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio J Natali
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thales N Prímola-Gomes
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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10
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Pereira LJ, Macari S, Coimbra CC, Pereira TDSF, Barrioni BR, Gomez RS, Silva TA, Paiva SM. Aerobic and resistance training improve alveolar bone quality and interferes with bone-remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement in mice. Bone 2020; 138:115496. [PMID: 32585320 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The direct effects of physical activity on long bones are already recognized. However, little information is available regarding distant osseous sites, such as maxillary bone. We evaluated the influence of physical training on alveolar bone quality, with and without mechanically-induced load during orthodontic tooth movement in mice. Forty-two C57BL/6 mice were divided into sedentary, resistance and aerobic training groups. Training period lasted for eight weeks and mechanical loads (orthodontic tooth movement - OTM) were applied during the last 14 days of training. Both types of training enhanced the quality of maxillary bone, increasing bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular bone volume (BV) and bone volume/total volume ratio (BV/TV). OTM significantly reduced in trained groups. Consistently, the number of osteoblasts increased whereas the number of osteoclasts decreased on the OTM side in trained groups in comparison to the sedentary group. IGF-1, RUNX2 and OPG genes expression were also increased. The RANKL/OPG ratio and IL-6 expression were reduced in the maxillary bone. Similar results were verified in the femoral bone. In line with these findings, physical training resulted in a decrease of osteoclast differentiation from femoral bone marrow; as well as the force required to fracture the tibia of trained animals increased. Physical training also caused EDL muscle hypertrophy and increased expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1/Myostatin ratio in the gastrocnemius muscle, whereas FNDC5 gene expression was similar among groups in femur, but decreased in alveolar bone submitted to OTM. In conclusion, physical training increased bone quality, not only on long bones, but also in a distant site such as the maxilla. Differences were more evident in the course of maxillary mechanical loading. Mechanisms involve systemic and local effects on bone cells and target molecules as RANKL, OPG, IL-6 and IGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano J Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Lavras, Brazil.
| | - Soraia Macari
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Tarcília A Silva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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11
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Campos HO, Drummond LR, Rodrigues QT, Lima PM, Prímola-Gomes TN, Coimbra CC. Exercise capacity in different stages of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 60:800-805. [PMID: 32141278 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.10369-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the exercise capacity of hypertensive rats at different stages of development of hypertension and to determine the most suitable index to evaluate the exercise capacity in different strains. METHODS Male spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and normotensive Wistar rats (NWR) of 5, 8, 12 and 16 weeks were submitted to the exercise capacity test. The exercise running time was measured and the workload was calculated. RESULTS Normotensive and hypertensive rats when assess the exercise capacity by exercise running time exhibited a reduction in exercise performance over time. Moreover, hypertensive rats showed lower exercise capacity compared to normotensive control when analyzed by workload. CONCLUSIONS The present results indicate that hypertensive rats exhibit reduced exercise capacity compared to normotensive rats regardless of age assessed. Beside that, in experiments with strains with different body mass the most reliable index to assess exercise capacity is workload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helton O Campos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas R Drummond
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Quezia T Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo M Lima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thales N Prímola-Gomes
- Department of Physical Education, Laboratory of Exercise Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil -
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12
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Silva G, Ferraresi C, de Almeida RT, Motta ML, Paixão T, Ottone VO, Fonseca IA, Oliveira MX, Rocha-Vieira E, Dias-Peixoto MF, Esteves EA, Coimbra CC, Amorim FT, Magalhães FDC. Insulin resistance is improved in high-fat fed mice by photobiomodulation therapy at 630 nm. J Biophotonics 2020; 13:e201960140. [PMID: 31707768 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the infrared spectrum exerts positive effects on glucose metabolism, but the use of PBMT at the red spectrum has not been assessed. Male Swiss albino mice were divided into low-fat control and high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and were treated with red (630 nm) PBMT or no treatment (Sham) during weeks 9 to 12. PBMT was delivered at 31.19 J/cm2 , 60 J total dose per day for 20 days. In HFD-fed mice, PBMT improved glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and fasting hyperinsulinemia. PBMT also reduced adiposity and inflammatory infiltrate in adipose tissue. Phosphorylation of Akt in epididymal adipose tissue and rectus femoralis muscle was improved by PBMT. In epididymal fat PBMT reversed the reduced phosphorylation of AS160 and the reduced Glut4 content. In addition, PBMT reversed the alterations caused by HFD in rectus femoralis muscle on proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and β-oxidation. In conclusion, PBMT at red spectrum improved insulin resistance and glucose metabolism in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Silva
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Cleber Ferraresi
- Post-Graduation Program in Biomedical Engineering, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo T de Almeida
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Mariana L Motta
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Thiago Paixão
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Vinicius O Ottone
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Ivana A Fonseca
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Murilo X Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Physiotherapy Department, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Etel Rocha-Vieira
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Marco F Dias-Peixoto
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Elizabethe A Esteves
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabiano T Amorim
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
- Department of Heath, Exercise and Sports Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Flávio de Castro Magalhães
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
- Department of Heath, Exercise and Sports Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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13
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Ramos GP, Nakamura FY, Penna EM, Wilke CF, Pereira LA, Loturco I, Capelli L, Mahseredjian F, Silami-Garcia E, Coimbra CC. Activity Profiles in U17, U20, and Senior Women's Brazilian National Soccer Teams During International Competitions: Are There Meaningful Differences? J Strength Cond Res 2020; 33:3414-3422. [PMID: 28767483 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ramos, GP, Nakamura, FY, Penna, EM, Wilke, CF, Pereira, LA, Loturco, I, Capelli, L, Mahseredjian, F, Silami-Garcia, E, and Coimbra, CC. Activity profiles in U17, U20, and senior women's Brazilian national soccer teams during international competitions: are there meaningful differences? J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3414-3422, 2019-The aim of this study was to compare locomotor activity profiles of Brazilian top-class female soccer players competing at distinct age brackets (under 17 [U17], under [U20], and senior). External match load of 14 U17, 14 U20, and 17 senior female soccer players competing in 6-7 full official international matches were assessed using global positioning systems. Total distance covered, distance covered in high intensity (15.6-20 km·h), distance covered in sprints (sprint: >20 km·h), number of accelerations (Acc) >1 m·s, decelerations (Dec) >-1 m·s, and Player Load generally increased across the age brackets (U17 <U20 <senior). For all playing positions, senior athletes presented greater total distance, accelerations, and decelerations than U20 players. For high-intensity distance and sprints, only central defender and midfielder senior players presented greater values than U20 players. Senior players demonstrated higher values in all locomotor activities in comparison to U17 players, irrespective of playing positions. Except for central defenders who presented similar total distance, sprint distance, and number of accelerations between U20 and U17, most match external loads evaluated in all playing positions were greater in U20 than in U17 players. These results provide useful information for player development and should be used to establish appropriate match-specific conditioning drills according to age categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme P Ramos
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Brazilian National Football Confederation (CBF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio Y Nakamura
- NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, Sa[Combining Tilde]o Paulo, Brazil.,The College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville City, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eduardo M Penna
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Carolina F Wilke
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Sport and Exercise Discipline Group, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lucas A Pereira
- NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, Sa[Combining Tilde]o Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irineu Loturco
- NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, Sa[Combining Tilde]o Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Capelli
- Brazilian National Football Confederation (CBF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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14
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Leite LHR, Santiago HP, de Lima DC, Pires W, Coimbra CC. Central losartan administration increases cardiac workload during aerobic exercise. Neuropeptides 2019; 77:101960. [PMID: 31474309 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.101960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To assess the effects of central administration of losartan, an antagonist of angiotensin II AT1 receptors, on cardiovascular function during aerobic exercise, heart rate, systolic and diastolic arterial pressures and rate pressure product of Wistar rats were measured as cardiac workload indexes. The animals ran on a treadmill until fatigue after an intracerebroventricular injection of losartan or saline. Pulsatile arterial pressure was recorded by a catheter implanted into the ascending aorta, from which were derived cardiovascular parameters to estimate the cardiac workload. Total exercise time and exercise workload were determined as performance indexes. The rats showed a more intense increase in heart rate after 8 min of exercise and sustained until fatigue (P < .05). Furthermore, the rats injected with losartan had a higher increase of both systolic and diastolic arterial pressures as well as rate pressure product from approximately 6 min of exercise until fatigued (P < .05). In addition, a 22% reduction in exercise time was found in losartan-rats (P < .01). This ergolytic effect induced by losartan was strongly inversely correlated with rate-pressure product during aerobic exercise (r = 0.78, P ≤ .01). The data shows that central administration of losartan augments the cardiac workload during aerobic exercise, which courses in parallel with the reduced exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura H R Leite
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Henrique P Santiago
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniel C de Lima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Washington Pires
- Department of Physical Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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15
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Lima PMA, Campos HO, Fóscolo DRC, Szawka RE, Wanner SP, Coimbra CC. The time-course of thermoregulatory responses during treadmill running is associated with running duration-dependent hypothalamic neuronal activation in rats. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:2775-2786. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01933-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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16
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Drummond LR, Kunstetter AC, Campos HO, Vaz FF, Drummond FR, Andrade AG, Coimbra CC, Natali AJ, Wanner SP, Prímola-Gomes TN. Spontaneously hypertensive rats have greater impairments in regulating abdominal temperature than brain cortex temperature following physical exercise. J Therm Biol 2019; 83:30-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Rabelo PCR, Cordeiro LMS, Aquino NSS, Fonseca BBB, Coimbra CC, Wanner SP, Szawka RE, Soares DD. Rats with higher intrinsic exercise capacities exhibit greater preoptic dopamine levels and greater mechanical and thermoregulatory efficiencies while running. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:393-402. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00092.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated whether intrinsic exercise capacity affects the changes in thermoregulation, metabolism and central dopamine (DA) induced by treadmill running. Male Wistar rats were subjected to three incremental exercises and ranked as low-performance (LP), standard-performance (SP), and high-performance (HP) rats. In the first experiment, abdominal (TABD) and tail (TTAIL) temperatures were registered in these rats during submaximal exercise (SE) at 60% of maximal speed. Immediately after SE, rats were decapitated and concentrations of DA and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were determined in the preoptic area (POA). In the second experiment, oxygen consumption was measured and mechanical efficiency (ME) was calculated in these rats during an incremental exercise. HP rats ran for longer periods and were fatigued with higher TABD values, with no difference in TTAIL. Nevertheless, thermoregulatory efficiency was higher in HP rats, compared with other groups. DA and DOPAC concentrations in the POA were increased by SE, with higher levels in HP compared with LP and SP rats. V̇o2 also differed between groups, with HP rats displaying a lower consumption throughout the incremental exercise but a higher V̇o2 at fatigue. ME, in turn, was consistently higher in HP than in LP and SP rats. Thus, our results show that HP rats have greater TABD values at fatigue, which seem to be related to a higher dopaminergic activity in the POA. Moreover, HP rats exhibited a greater thermoregulatory efficiency during exercise, which can be attributed to a lower V̇o2, but not to changes in tail heat loss mechanisms. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our findings reveal that rats with higher intrinsic exercise capacities have greater thermoregulatory efficiencies and increased dopaminergic activity in the preoptic area, a key brain area in thermoregulatory control, while exercising. Moreover, higher intrinsic exercise capacities are associated with decreased oxygen consumption for a given exercise intensity, which indicates greater mechanical efficiencies. Collectively, these findings help to advance our knowledge of why some rats of a given strain can exercise for longer periods than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia C. R. Rabelo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Letícia M. S. Cordeiro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunometabolismo, Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nayara S. S. Aquino
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno B. B. Fonseca
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cândido C. Coimbra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Samuel P. Wanner
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raphael E. Szawka
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danusa D. Soares
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Pires W, Veneroso CE, Wanner SP, Pacheco DAS, Vaz GC, Amorim FT, Tonoli C, Soares DD, Coimbra CC. Association Between Exercise-Induced Hyperthermia and Intestinal Permeability: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2018; 47:1389-1403. [PMID: 27943148 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-016-0654-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged and strenuous physical exercise increases intestinal permeability, allowing luminal endotoxins to translocate through the intestinal barrier and reach the bloodstream. When recognized by the immune system, these endotoxins trigger a systemic inflammatory response that may affect physical performance and, in severe cases, induce heat stroke. However, it remains to be elucidated whether there is a relationship between the magnitude of exercise-induced hyperthermia and changes in intestinal permeability. OBJECTIVE In this systematic review, we evaluated whether an exercise-induced increase in core body temperature (T Core) is associated with an exercise-induced increase in intestinal permeability. METHODS The present systematic review screened the MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science databases in September 2016, without any date restrictions. Sixteen studies that were performed in healthy participants, presented original data, and measured both the exercise-induced changes in T Core and intestinal permeability were selected. These studies assessed intestinal permeability through the measurement of sugar levels in the urine and measurement of intestinal fatty acid binding protein or lipopolysaccharide levels in the blood. RESULTS Exercise increased both T Core and intestinal permeability in most of the 16 studies. In addition, a positive and strong correlation was observed between the two parameters (r = 0.793; p < 0.001), and a T Core exceeding 39 °C was always associated with augmented permeability. CONCLUSION The magnitude of exercise-induced hyperthermia is directly associated with the increase in intestinal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Washington Pires
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Avenida Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Christiano E Veneroso
- Graduate Program in Sport Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Samuel P Wanner
- Graduate Program in Sport Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Diogo A S Pacheco
- Graduate Program in Sport Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gisele C Vaz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Avenida Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Fabiano T Amorim
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Department of Health, Exercise Science and Sport, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Cajsa Tonoli
- Department of Human Physiology and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Danusa D Soares
- Graduate Program in Sport Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Avenida Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil. .,Graduate Program in Sport Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Malheiros-Lima MR, Pires W, Fonseca IAT, Joviano-Santos JV, Ferreira AJ, Coimbra CC, Lima NRV, Wanner SP. Physical Exercise-Induced Cardiovascular and Thermoregulatory Adjustments Are Impaired in Rats Subjected to Cutaneous Artery Denervation. Front Physiol 2018. [PMID: 29515451 PMCID: PMC5826067 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the chronic effects of caudal artery denervation on morphometric parameters of the tail vascular smooth muscle and on physical exercise-induced thermoregulatory and cardiovascular adjustments in rats. Male Wistar rats were subjected to caudal artery denervation or the sham procedure. Approximately 26-28 days after these procedures, their thermoregulatory and cardiovascular parameters were evaluated at rest and during or following a fatiguing treadmill run. At the end of the experiments, the rats were euthanized, and samples of their tails were removed to evaluate morphometric parameters of the vascular smooth muscle surrounding the caudal artery. Denervated rats showed morphological adaptations, including increased arterial wall thickness and wall-to-lumen ratios. In resting rats and following the fatiguing exercise, caudal artery denervation barely affected the thermoregulatory and cardiovascular parameters evaluated. By contrast, caudal artery denervation attenuated the increase in tail skin temperature, decreased the spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity, and exacerbated the increases in mean arterial pressure in exercising rats. The increased wall-to-lumen ratio of denervated rats correlated negatively with the maximum tail skin temperature attained or cutaneous heat loss sensitivity but correlated positively with the maximum diastolic blood pressure attained during exercise. In conclusion, cutaneous denervation induces vascular remodeling characterized by morphological adaptations of the tail vascular smooth muscle. This vascular remodeling likely underlies the impaired tail heat loss and blood pressure adjustments in denervated rats subjected to physical exercise. Therefore, we have highlighted the importance of cutaneous vascular innervation integrity in thermal and cardiovascular control in stress-challenged rats. In this sense, our findings advance the understanding of thermoregulatory and cardiovascular system reactions after a sustained cutaneous vascular innervation injury, which is essential for the treatment of some diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milene R Malheiros-Lima
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Washington Pires
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - Ivana A T Fonseca
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Julliane V Joviano-Santos
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Anderson J Ferreira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Nilo R V Lima
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Samuel P Wanner
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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20
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Cordeiro LMS, Rabelo PCR, Moraes MM, Teixeira-Coelho F, Coimbra CC, Wanner SP, Soares DD. Physical exercise-induced fatigue: the role of serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6432. [PMID: 29069229 PMCID: PMC5649871 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain serotonin and dopamine are neurotransmitters related to fatigue, a feeling that leads to reduced intensity or interruption of physical exercises, thereby regulating performance. The present review aims to present advances on the understanding of fatigue, which has recently been proposed as a defense mechanism instead of a “physiological failure” in the context of prolonged (aerobic) exercises. We also present recent advances on the association between serotonin, dopamine and fatigue. Experiments with rodents, which allow direct manipulation of brain serotonin and dopamine during exercise, clearly indicate that increased serotoninergic activity reduces performance, while increased dopaminergic activity is associated with increased performance. Nevertheless, experiments with humans, particularly those involving nutritional supplementation or pharmacological manipulations, have yielded conflicting results on the relationship between serotonin, dopamine and fatigue. The only clear and reproducible effect observed in humans is increased performance in hot environments after treatment with inhibitors of dopamine reuptake. Because the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems interact with each other, the serotonin-to-dopamine ratio seems to be more relevant for determining fatigue than analyzing or manipulating only one of the two transmitters. Finally, physical training protocols induce neuroplasticity, thus modulating the action of these neurotransmitters in order to improve physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M S Cordeiro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - P C R Rabelo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - M M Moraes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - F Teixeira-Coelho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Centro de Formação de Professores, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Amargosa, BA, Brasil
| | - C C Coimbra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - S P Wanner
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - D D Soares
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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21
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Rabelo PCR, Horta NAC, Cordeiro LMS, Poletini MO, Coimbra CC, Szawka RE, Soares DD. Intrinsic exercise capacity in rats influences dopamine neuroplasticity induced by physical training. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 123:1721-1729. [PMID: 28883047 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00506.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The study evaluates whether the intrinsic capacity for physical exercise influences dopamine neuroplasticity induced by physical training. Male rats were submitted to three progressive tests until fatigue. Based on the maximal time of exercise (TE), rats were considered as low performance (LP), standard performance (SP) or high performance (HP) to exercise. Eight animals from each group (LP, SP, and HP) were randomly subdivided in sedentary (SED) or trained (TR). Physical training was performed for 6 wk. After that, concentrations of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and their metabolites and mRNA levels of D1 receptor ( Drd1), D2 receptor ( Drd2), dopamine transporter ( Dat), tyrosine hydroxylase ( Th), glia cell line neurotrophic factor ( Gdnf), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( Bdnf) were determined in the caudate-putamen (CPu). TE was increased with training in all performance groups. However, the relative increase was markedly higher in LP rats, and this was associated with a training-induced increase in dopaminergic activity in the CPu, which was determined by the 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC)/DA ratio. An opposite monoamine response was found in HP-TR rats, in which physical training decreased the DOPAC/DA ratio in the CPu. Moreover, LP-SED rats displayed higher levels of Drd2 in the CPu compared with the other SED groups, and this higher expression was decreased by physical training. Physical training also decreased Dat and increased Gdnf in the CPu of LP rats. Physical training decreased Bdnf in the CPu only in HP rats. Thus, we provide evidence that the intrinsic capacity to exercise affects the neuroplasticity of the dopaminergic system in response to physical training. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The findings reported reveal that dopaminergic neuroplasticity in caudate-putamen induced by physical training is influenced by the intrinsic capacity to exercise in rats. To evaluate the dopaminergic neuroplasticity, we analyzed mRNA levels of D1 receptor, D2 receptor, dopamine transporter, tyrosine hydroxylase, glia cell line neurotrophic factor, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor as well as concentrations of dopamine, serotonin, and their metabolites. These results expand our knowledge about the interrelationship between genetic background, physical training, and dopaminergic neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia C R Rabelo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Nayara A C Horta
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Letícia M S Cordeiro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunometabolismo, Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Maristela O Poletini
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Raphael E Szawka
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Danusa D Soares
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
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22
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Wanner SP, Almeida MC, Shimansky YP, Oliveira DL, Eales JR, Coimbra CC, Romanovsky AA. Cold-Induced Thermogenesis and Inflammation-Associated Cold-Seeking Behavior Are Represented by Different Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Sites: A Three-Dimensional Functional Topography Study in Conscious Rats. J Neurosci 2017; 37:6956-6971. [PMID: 28630253 PMCID: PMC5518423 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0100-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past, we showed that large electrolytic lesions of the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) promoted hypothermia in cold-exposed restrained rats, but attenuated hypothermia in rats challenged with a high dose of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a thermogradient apparatus. The goal of this study was to identify the thermoeffector mechanisms and DMH representation of the two phenomena and thus to understand how the same lesion could produce two opposite effects on body temperature. We found that the permissive effect of large electrolytic DMH lesions on cold-induced hypothermia was due to suppressed thermogenesis. DMH-lesioned rats also could not develop fever autonomically: they did not increase thermogenesis in response to a low, pyrogenic dose of LPS (10 μg/kg, i.v.). In contrast, changes in thermogenesis were uninvolved in the attenuation of the hypothermic response to a high, shock-inducing dose of LPS (5000 μg/kg, i.v.); this attenuation was due to a blockade of cold-seeking behavior. To compile DMH maps for the autonomic cold defense and for the cold-seeking response to LPS, we studied rats with small thermal lesions in different parts of the DMH. Cold thermogenesis had the highest representation in the dorsal hypothalamic area. Cold seeking was represented by a site at the ventral border of the dorsomedial nucleus. Because LPS causes both fever and hypothermia, we originally thought that the DMH contained a single thermoregulatory site that worked as a fever-hypothermia switch. Instead, we have found two separate sites: one that drives thermogenesis and the other, previously unknown, that drives inflammation-associated cold seeking.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Cold-seeking behavior is a life-saving response that occurs in severe systemic inflammation. We studied this behavior in rats with lesions in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) challenged with a shock-inducing dose of bacterial endotoxin. We built functional maps of the DMH and found the strongest representation of cold-seeking behavior at the ventral border of the dorsomedial nucleus. We also built maps for cold-induced thermogenesis in unanesthetized rats and found the dorsal hypothalamic area to be its main representation site. Our work identifies the neural substrate of cold-seeking behavior in systemic inflammation and expands the functional topography of the DMH, a structure that modulates autonomic, endocrine, and behavioral responses and is a potential therapeutic target in anxiety and panic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel P Wanner
- Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), Trauma Research, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85013
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - M Camila Almeida
- Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), Trauma Research, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85013
| | - Yury P Shimansky
- Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), Trauma Research, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85013
- Kinesiology Program, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, and
| | - Daniela L Oliveira
- Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), Trauma Research, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85013
| | - Justin R Eales
- Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), Trauma Research, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85013
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Andrej A Romanovsky
- Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), Trauma Research, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85013,
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Müller-Ribeiro FC, Wanner SP, Santos WHM, Malheiros-Lima MR, Fonseca IAT, Coimbra CC, Pires W. Changes in systolic arterial pressure variability are associated with the decreased aerobic performance of rats subjected to physical exercise in the heat. J Therm Biol 2016; 63:31-40. [PMID: 28010813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced cardiovascular strain is one of the factors that explains degraded aerobic capacity in hot environments. The cardiovascular system is regulated by the autonomic nervous system, whose activity can be indirectly evaluated by analyzing heart rate variability (HRV) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) variability. However, no study has addressed whether HRV or SAP variability can predict aerobic performance during a single bout of exercise. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether there is an association between cardiovascular variability and performance in rats subjected to treadmill running at two ambient temperatures. In addition, this study investigated whether the heat-induced changes in cardiovascular variability and reductions in performance are associated with each other. Male Wistar rats were implanted with a catheter into their carotid artery for pulsatile blood pressure recordings. After recovery from surgery, the animals were subjected to incremental-speed exercise until they were fatigued under temperate (25°C) and hot (35°C) conditions. Impaired performance and exaggerated cardiovascular responses were observed in the hot relative to the temperate environment. Significant and negative correlations between most of the SAP variability components (standard deviation, variance, very low frequency [VLF], and low frequency [LF]) at the earlier stages of exercise and total exercise time were observed in both environmental conditions. Furthermore, the heat-induced changes in the sympathetic components of SAP variability (VLF and LF) were associated with heat-induced impairments in performance. Overall, the results indicate that SAP variability at the beginning of exercise predicts the acute performance of rats. Our findings also suggest that heat impairments in aerobic performance are associated with changes in cardiovascular autonomic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia C Müller-Ribeiro
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Samuel P Wanner
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Weslley H M Santos
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Milene R Malheiros-Lima
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ivana A T Fonseca
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Washington Pires
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil.
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Machado FSM, Fóscolo DRC, Poletini MO, Coimbra CC. Influence of Time-of-Day on Maximal Exercise Capacity Is Related to Daily Thermal Balance but Not to Induced Neuronal Activity in Rats. Front Physiol 2016; 7:464. [PMID: 27790157 PMCID: PMC5063920 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated whether the daily fluctuations of internal body temperature (Tb) and spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA) interact with the thermal and neuronal adjustments induced by high-intensity aerobic exercise until fatigue. The body temperature and SLA of adult Wistar rats (n = 23) were continuously recorded by telemetry for 48 h. Then, the rats were subjected to a protocol of graded exercise until fatigue or rest on the treadmill during light and dark-phases. Tb, tail skin temperature and ambient temperature during each experimental session were recorded. At the end of the last experimental session, the animals were anaesthetized; the brains were perfused and removed for immunohistochemical analysis of c-fos neuronal activation. The daily rhythms of SLA and Tb were strongly correlated (r = 0.88 and p < 0.001), and this was followed by a daily oscillation in both the ratio and the correlation index between these variables (p < 0.001). Exercise capacity was associated with a lower resting Tb (p < 0.01) and was higher in the light-phase (p < 0.001), resulting in an increased capacity to accumulate heat during exercise (p < 0.01). Independent of time-of-day, high intensity exercise strongly activated the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), the supra-optic nucleus (SON) and the locus coeruleus (LC) (p < 0.001) but not the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Taken together, our results points toward a role of the circadian system in a basal activity control of the thermoregulatory system as an important component for the onset of physical activities. In fact, rather than directly limiting the adjustments induced by exercise the present study brings new evidence that the effect of time-of-day on exercise performance occurs at the threshold level for each thermoregulatory system effector activity. This assumption is based on the observed resilience of the central clock to high-intensity exercise and the similarities in exercise-induced neuronal activation in the PVN, SON, and LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico S M Machado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniela R C Fóscolo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maristela O Poletini
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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25
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Silva JF, Correa IC, Diniz TF, Lima PM, Santos RL, Cortes SF, Coimbra CC, Lemos VS. Obesity, Inflammation, and Exercise Training: Relative Contribution of iNOS and eNOS in the Modulation of Vascular Function in the Mouse Aorta. Front Physiol 2016; 7:386. [PMID: 27656148 PMCID: PMC5013134 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The understanding of obsesity-related vascular dysfunction remains controversial mainly because of the diseases associated with vascular injury. Exercise training is known to prevent vascular dysfunction. Using an obesity model without comorbidities, we aimed at investigating the underlying mechanism of vascular dysfunction and how exercise interferes with this process. Methods: High-sugar diet was used to induce obesity in mice. Exercise training was performed 5 days/week. Body weight, energy intake, and adipose tissues were assessed; blood metabolic and hormonal parameters were determined; and serum TNFα was measured. Blood pressure and heart rate were assessed by plethysmography. Changes in aortic isometric tension were recorded on myograph. Western blot was used to analyze protein expression. Nitric oxide (NO) was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides were used for inducible nitric oxide synthase isoform (iNOS) knockdown. Results: Body weight, fat mass, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol fraction, insulin, and leptin were higher in the sedentary obese group (SD) than in the sedentary control animals (SS). Exercise training prevented these changes. No difference in glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, and heart rate was found. Decreased vascular relaxation and reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) functioning in the SD group were prevented by exercise. Contractile response to phenylephrine was decreased in the aortas of the wild SD mice, compared with that of the SS group; however, no alteration was noted in the SD iNOS−/− animals. The decreased contractility was endothelium-dependent, and was reverted by iNOS inhibition or iNOS silencing. The aortas from the SD group showed increased basal NO production, serum TNFα, TNF receptor-1, and phospho-IκB. Exercise training attenuated iNOS-dependent reduction in contractile response in high-sugar diet–fed animals, decreased iNOS expression, and increased eNOS expression. Conclusion: Obesity caused endothelium dysfunction, TNFα, and iNOS pathway up-regulation, decreasing vascular contractility in the obese animals. Exercise training was an effective therapy to control iNOS-dependent NO production and to preserve endothelial function in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane F Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Izabella C Correa
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thiago F Diniz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo M Lima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roger L Santos
- Department of Physiological Science, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Steyner F Cortes
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Virginia S Lemos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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de Matos MA, Duarte TC, Ottone VDO, Sampaio PFDM, Costa KB, de Oliveira MFA, Moseley PL, Schneider SM, Coimbra CC, Brito-Melo GEA, Magalhães FDC, Amorim FT, Rocha-Vieira E. The effect of insulin resistance and exercise on the percentage of CD16+monocyte subset in obese individuals. Cell Biochem Funct 2016; 34:209-16. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A. de Matos
- Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis); Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF); Brazil
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Immunometabolism Group; Diamantina Brazil
| | - Tamiris C. Duarte
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Immunometabolism Group; Diamantina Brazil
| | - Vinícius de O. Ottone
- Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis); Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF); Brazil
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Immunometabolism Group; Diamantina Brazil
| | - Pâmela F. da M. Sampaio
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Immunometabolism Group; Diamantina Brazil
| | - Karine B. Costa
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Immunometabolism Group; Diamantina Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Cândido C. Coimbra
- Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis); Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF); Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Endocrinology Laboratory; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Gustavo E. A. Brito-Melo
- Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis); Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF); Brazil
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Immunology Laboratory; Diamantina Brazil
| | - Flávio de C. Magalhães
- Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis); Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF); Brazil
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Immunometabolism Group; Diamantina Brazil
| | - Fabiano T. Amorim
- Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis); Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF); Brazil
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Immunometabolism Group; Diamantina Brazil
| | - Etel Rocha-Vieira
- Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis); Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF); Brazil
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Immunometabolism Group; Diamantina Brazil
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Lima MLRP, Leite LHR, Gioda CR, Leme FOP, Couto CA, Coimbra CC, Leite VHR, Ferrari TCA. A Novel Wistar Rat Model of Obesity-Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by Sucrose-Rich Diet. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:9127076. [PMID: 26788524 PMCID: PMC4691608 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9127076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not fully understood, and experimental models are an alternative to study this issue. We investigated the effects of a simple carbohydrate-rich diet on the development of obesity-related NAFLD and the impact of physical training on the metabolic abnormalities associated with this disorder. Sixty Wistar rats were randomly separated into experimental and control groups, which were fed with sucrose-enriched (18% simple carbohydrates) and standard diet, respectively. At the end of each experimental period (5, 10, 20, and 30 weeks), 6 animals from each group were sacrificed for blood tests and liver histology and immunohistochemistry. From weeks 25 to 30, 6 animals from each group underwent physical training. The experimental group animals developed obesity and NAFLD, characterized histopathologically by steatosis and hepatocellular ballooning, clinically by increased thoracic circumference and body mass index associated with hyperleptinemia, and metabolically by hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, increased levels of very low-density lipoprotein- (VLDL-) cholesterol, depletion of the antioxidants liver enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, and increased hepatic levels of malondialdehyde, an oxidative stress marker. Rats that underwent physical training showed increased high-density lipoprotein- (HDL-) cholesterol levels. In conclusion, a sucrose-rich diet induced obesity, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and NAFLD in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luíza R. P. Lima
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena 190, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Laura H. R. Leite
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Carolina R. Gioda
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabíola O. P. Leme
- Departamento de Veterinária Clínica e Cirúrgica, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Claudia A. Couto
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena 190, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cândido C. Coimbra
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Virginia H. R. Leite
- Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Teresa Cristina A. Ferrari
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena 190, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- *Teresa Cristina A. Ferrari:
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Santiago HP, Leite LHR, Lima PMA, Rodovalho GV, Szawka RE, Coimbra CC. The improvement of exercise performance by physical training is related to increased hypothalamic neuronal activation. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 43:116-24. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique P Santiago
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Laura HR Leite
- Department of Physiology; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Juiz de Fora; Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Paulo Marcelo A Lima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Gisele V Rodovalho
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Raphael E Szawka
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
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Müller-Ribeiro FCF, Griggio MA, Luz J, Coimbra CC. Thermal biology in Brazil: a summary of a 100-year legacy. Temperature (Austin) 2015; 2:441-6. [PMID: 27227059 PMCID: PMC4843943 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2015.1120045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Flávia C F Müller-Ribeiro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biological Sciences; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- PNPD- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências do Esporte; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro A Griggio
- Department of Physiology; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Luz
- Department of Physiology; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biological Sciences; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Fonseca SF, Teles MC, Ribeiro VGC, Magalhães FC, Mendonça VA, Peixoto MFD, Leite LHR, Coimbra CC, Lacerda ACR. Hypertension is associated with greater heat exchange during exercise recovery in a hot environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:1122-9. [PMID: 26517335 PMCID: PMC4661029 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with systemic arterial hypertension have a higher risk of heat-related
complications. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the thermoregulatory
responses of hypertensive subjects during recovery from moderate-intensity exercise
performed in the heat. A total of eight essential hypertensive (H) and eight
normotensive (N) male subjects (age=46.5±1.3 and 45.6±1.4 years, body mass
index=25.8±0.8 and 25.6±0.6 kg/m2, mean arterial pressure=98.0±2.8 and
86.0±2.3 mmHg, respectively) rested for 30 min, performed 1 h of treadmill exercise
at 50% of maximal oxygen consumption, and rested for 1 h after exercise in an
environmental chamber at 38°C and 60% relative humidity. Skin and core temperatures
were measured to calculate heat exchange parameters. Mean arterial pressure was
higher in the hypertensive than in the normotensive subjects throughout the
experiment (P<0.05, unpaired t-test). The hypertensive subjects
stored less heat (H=-24.23±3.99 W·m−2vs N=-13.63±2.24 W·m−2, P=0.03, unpaired
t-test), experienced greater variations in body temperature
(H=-0.62±0.05°C vsN=-0.35±0.12°C, P=0.03, unpaired
t-test), and had more evaporated sweat (H=-106.1±4.59
W·m−2vs N=-91.15±3.24 W·m−2, P=0.01, unpaired
t-test) than the normotensive subjects during the period of
recovery from exercise. In conclusion, essential hypertensive subjects showed greater
sweat evaporation and increased heat dissipation and body cooling relative to
normotensive subjects during recovery from moderate-intensity exercise performed in
hot conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Fonseca
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - M C Teles
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - V G C Ribeiro
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - F C Magalhães
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - V A Mendonça
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - M F D Peixoto
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - L H R Leite
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - C C Coimbra
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - A C R Lacerda
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
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Ramos GP, Veneroso CE, Machado FS, Picanço AR, Poletini MO, Coimbra CC. Elite Female Soccer Athletes Hormonal Response to a Pre Competitive Training Period. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000479369.46627.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Campos HO, Leite LHR, Drummond LR, Cunha DNQ, Coimbra CC, Natali AJ, Prímola-Gomes TN. Temperature Control of Hypertensive Rats during Moderate Exercise in Warm Environment. J Sports Sci Med 2014; 13:695-701. [PMID: 25177201 PMCID: PMC4126311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The control of body temperature in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR) subjected to exercise in warm environment was investigated. Male SHR and Wistar rats were submitted to moderate exercise in temperate (25°C) and warm (32°C) environments while body and tail skin temperatures, as well as oxygen consumption, were registered. Total time of exercise, workload performed, mechanical efficiency and heat storage were determined. SHR had increased heat production and body temperature at the end of exercise, reduced mechanical efficiency and increased heat storage (p < 0.05). Furthermore, these rats also showed a more intense and faster increase in body temperature during moderate exercise in the warm environment (p < 0.05). The lower mechanical efficiency seen in SHR was closely correlated with their higher body temperature at the point of fatigue in warm environment (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that SHR exhibit significant differences in body temperature control during moderate exercise in warm environment characterized by increased heat production and heat storage during moderate exercise in warm environment. The combination of these responses result in aggravated hyperthermia linked with lower mechanical efficiency. Key PointsThe practice of physical exercise in warm environment has gained importance in recent decades mainly because of the progressive increases in environmental temperature;To the best of our knowledge, these is the first study to analyze body temperature control of SHR during moderate exercise in warm environment;SHR showed increased heat production and heat storage that resulted in higher body temperature at the end of exercise;SHR showed reduced mechanical efficiency;These results demonstrate that when exercising in a warm environment the hypertensive rat exhibit differences in temperature control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helton O Campos
- Departamento de Educação Física, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa , Minas Gerais, Brasil ; Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Laura H R Leite
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora , Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Lucas R Drummond
- Departamento de Educação Física, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa , Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Daise N Q Cunha
- Departamento de Educação Física, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa , Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Antônio J Natali
- Departamento de Educação Física, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa , Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Thales N Prímola-Gomes
- Departamento de Educação Física, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa , Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Lima PM, Santiago HP, Szawka RE, Coimbra CC. Central blockade of nitric oxide transmission impairs exercise-induced neuronal activation in the PVN and reduces physical performance. Brain Res Bull 2014; 108:80-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nunes-Silva A, Bernardes PTT, Rezende BM, Lopes F, Gomes EC, Marques PE, Lima PMA, Coimbra CC, Menezes GB, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. Treadmill exercise induces neutrophil recruitment into muscle tissue in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner. An intravital microscopy study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96464. [PMID: 24798414 PMCID: PMC4010495 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intense exercise is a physiological stress capable of inducing the interaction of neutrophils with muscle endothelial cells and their transmigration into tissue. Mechanisms driving this physiological inflammatory response are not known. Here, we investigate whether production of reactive oxygen species is relevant for neutrophil interaction with endothelial cells and recruitment into the quadriceps muscle in mice subjected to the treadmill fatiguing exercise protocol. Mice exercised until fatigue by running for 56.3±6.8 min on an electric treadmill. Skeletal muscle was evaluated by intravital microscopy at different time points after exercise, and then removed to assess local oxidative stress and histopathological analysis. We observed an increase in plasma lactate and creatine kinase (CK) concentrations after exercise. The numbers of monocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in blood increased 12 and 24 hours after the exercise. Numbers of rolling and adherent leukocytes increased 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours post-exercise, as assessed by intravital microscopy. Using LysM-eGFP mice and confocal intravital microscopy technology, we show that the number of transmigrating neutrophils increased 12 hours post-exercise. Mutant gp91phox-/- (non-functional NADPH oxidase) mice and mice treated with apocynin showed diminished neutrophil recruitment. SOD treatment promoted further adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes 12 hours after the exercise. These findings confirm our hypothesis that treadmill exercise increases the recruitment of leukocytes to the postcapillary venules, and NADPH oxidase-induced ROS plays an important role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albená Nunes-Silva
- Laboratório de Resolução da Resposta Inflamatória, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Priscila T. T. Bernardes
- Laboratório de Resolução da Resposta Inflamatória, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bárbara M. Rezende
- Laboratório de Resolução da Resposta Inflamatória, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernando Lopes
- Laboratório de Resolução da Resposta Inflamatória, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elisa C. Gomes
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro E. Marques
- Laboratório de Imunobiofotônica, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo M. A. Lima
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cândido C. Coimbra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gustavo B. Menezes
- Laboratório de Imunobiofotônica, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mauro M. Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Laboratório de Resolução da Resposta Inflamatória, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Lima PMA, Machado FSM, Coimbra CC. A study of the reciprocal relationship between the thermal and behavioral effects mediated by anandamide. Behav Brain Res 2014; 268:111-6. [PMID: 24717329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system plays an important role in thermal control and modulates several behaviors, such as locomotion and food intake (FI) that may affect the body temperature (Tb). To test whether the changes in Tb induced by anandamide (AEA) are related to behavioral changes, adult Wistar rats received an intracerebroventricular injection of AEA (0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 μg) and vehicle. Total FI was weighted daily, and Tb and spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA) were simultaneously and continuously recorded. AEA induced an increase in Tb without changing SLA and FI. For all doses tested, the Tb average in the post-injection period was higher than in the pre-injection period. The higher thermal effect was verified using a dose of 10.0 μg AEA, starting within the first hour post-injection, and was maintained for 8h after treatment. A dose-dependent thermal effect was observed (r=0.953; p<0.05) at 1h post-injection. Hypoactivity was verified only at a dose of 1.0 μg AEA. As expected, both the Tb and SLA values during the dark phase were always higher than during the light phase and were positively correlated (r=0.834, p<0.001); however, this correlation was inverted (r=-0.852, p<0.01) after the rats received 10.0 μg AEA. In summary, our results suggest that brain AEA induces an increase in Tb, and that this effect may occur independently of changes in both locomotion and FI. Moreover, it is possible that the hypolocomotion induced by AEA could be an adaptive response to the increased Tb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Marcelo Andrade Lima
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Frederico S M Machado
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
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Avelar NC, Salvador FS, Ribeiro VGC, Vianna DMS, Costa SJ, Gripp F, Coimbra CC, Lacerda ACR. Whole body vibration and post-activation potentiation: a study with repeated measures. Int J Sports Med 2014; 35:651-7. [PMID: 24408766 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1354360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the acute effect of different intensities of whole body vibration (WBV) on muscle performance. 8 recreationally trained males were randomly subjected to one of 3 experimental conditions: (A) WBV 2 mm [45 Hz and 2 mm], (B) WBV 4 mm [45 Hz and 4 mm], and (C) no WBV. To assess PAP, the peak concentric torque of knee flexors and extensors was measured during a set of 3 unilateral knee flexor-extensions at 60°/s(-1) in an isokinetic dynamometer. The power output and height during vertical jumps were also evaluated. These measurements were performed both before and after the experimental conditions and then compared. Comparing the knee flexion data from the conditions with and without WBV indicate that WBV potentiated the peak torque during unilateral knee flexion in the isokinetic test (p < 0.05). In addition, the power output (p = 0.01) and vertical height of jump (p = 0.03) were also potentiated by WBV. However, increasing the vibratory stimulus did not further potentiate the results. Thus, it is suggested that WBV be used before explosive events competition because WBV promotes post-activation potentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Avelar
- Healthy and Biological Science Faculty, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - F S Salvador
- Healthy and Biological Science Faculty, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - V G C Ribeiro
- Healthy and Biological Science Faculty, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - D M S Vianna
- Healthy and Biological Science Faculty, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - S J Costa
- Healthy and Biological Science Faculty, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - F Gripp
- Healthy and Biological Science Faculty, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - C C Coimbra
- Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - A C R Lacerda
- Healthy and Biological Science Faculty, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
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Leite LHR, Santiago HP, de Almeida RSV, Coimbra CC. Implications of angiotensin II in central nervous system on exercise performance. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2013; 14:711-720. [PMID: 24106967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) consists of a complex enzyme-peptide system, which, besides from functioning as a circulating endocrine system, is also intrinsic in many organs and tissues, including the brain. Although the RAS generates a family of biological active peptides, angiotensin II (Ang II) is still considered one of its main mediators and effectors. Ang II produces many well defined and potent effects through AT1 and AT2 receptors and its physiological applications are yet expanding. Recently, it has been proposed that Ang II, acting both centrally and peripherally, interferes on exercise performance due to its influence on multiple functions within the organism. This hypothesis is also supported by evidences reporting an increased frequency of the ACE I allele among elite athletes, suggesting that this is a genetic factor that influences physical performance. The fatigue resulting from physical exercise is a multifactorial phenomenon that comprises the interaction between physiological factors of peripheral and/or central origin. To that extent, the Ang II-mediated events on factors that affect exercise performance such as cardiovascular, metabolic and thermoregulatory adjustments as well as cerebral metabolism and neurohumoral or neurotransmitter turnover, implicate the peptide in the genesis of exercise-induced fatigue. This mini-review focuses on how exercise-induced physiological adjustments are influenced by Ang II within the central nervous system and how these effects may limit athletic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Avelar NCP, Costa SJ, da Fonseca SF, Tossige-Gomes R, Gripp FJ, Coimbra CC, Lacerda ACR. The effects of passive warm-up vs. whole-body vibration on high-intensity performance during sprint cycle exercise. J Strength Cond Res 2013; 26:2997-3003. [PMID: 22293678 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e318243fb48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of passive warm-up (PW), whole-body vibration (WBV), and control (C) on high-intensity performance during sprint cycle exercise. Six recreationally trained men performed a 30-second sprint cycle test after the 3 aforementioned conditions; each test was carried out on a different day after balanced-order experimental tests. The WBV consisted of 5 minutes of squats associated with WBV (45 Hz, 2 mm). The PW consisted of 30 minutes of PW using a thermal blanket on the thighs and legs (35 W). The C consisted of 30 minutes of no warm-up with the subject lying down. Motor neuron excitability from the vastus lateralis muscle, evaluated by electromyography (EMG), was determined before exercise at rest and during sprint cycle exercise. Blood lactate levels (BLs), evaluated by spectroscopy, and muscle temperature (MT) of the thigh, estimated indirectly by measuring skin temperature, were determined at following time points: before exercise at rest (before and after experimental conditions), immediately, and 3 minutes after the 30-second sprint cycle test. Peak power, relative power, relative work, time of peak power, and pedaling cadence were significantly higher in the WBV compared with that for C (p < 0.05). Although MT was significantly greater in PW compared with that in WBV and C before exercise (p < 0.01), no significant differences were observed between the experimental conditions for BL immediately after sprint cycle exercise (p = 0.35) and in EMG during sprint cycle exercise (p = 0.16). Thus, it is plausible to suggest WBV as a method for an acute increase in high-intensity performance during sprint cycle exercise for athletes immediately before competition or training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núbia C P Avelar
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Ribeiro-Oliveira A, Marques MB, Vilas-Boas WW, Guimarães J, Coimbra CC, Anjos AP, Fóscolo RB, Santos R, Thomas JD, Igreja SM, Kola B, Grossman AB, Korbonits M. The effects of chronic candesartan treatment on cardiac and hepatic adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in rats submitted to surgical stress. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2013; 16:481-7. [PMID: 23950549 DOI: 10.1177/1470320313499199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a prominent role as a metabolic stress sensor, and it has recently been suggested that the renin-angiotensin system, in addition to its role in stress regulation, may play a significant role in regulating the AMPK system. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of candesartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, on cardiac and hepatic AMPK activity basally as well as after surgical stress under general anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were treated with 5 mg/kg/day candesartan in their drinking water for two weeks. Levels of cardiac and hepatic AMPK activity were determined, using a kinase activity assay, basally and after surgical stress under general anesthesia. RESULTS Chronic administration of candesartan increased hepatic AMPK activity approximately 4 times (p<0.05) while no significant change was demonstrated in cardiac AMPK. Cardiac and hepatic AMPK activities were not significantly increased by surgical stress alone performed under anesthesia. However, chronic treatment with candesartan decreased AMPK activity in both liver and heart after surgical stress under anesthesia (p<0.01 for both comparisons). CONCLUSIONS While chronic candesartan treatment may stimulate AMPK activity in certain organs such as the liver, when combined with surgical stress under anesthesia it inhibits pathways regulating AMPK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirna B Marques
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil Department of Endocrinology, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | | | - Jonas Guimarães
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Allan P Anjos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo B Fóscolo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Robson Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Julia D Thomas
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Suzana M Igreja
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Blerina Kola
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Ashley B Grossman
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Mary University of London, UK Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Márta Korbonits
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Mary University of London, UK
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Pires W, Wanner SP, Lima MRM, Fonseca IAT, Fumega U, Haibara AS, Coimbra CC, Lima NRV. Physical exercise performance in temperate and warm environments is decreased by an impaired arterial baroreflex. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72005. [PMID: 23951278 PMCID: PMC3737155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether running performance in different environments is dependent on intact arterial baroreceptor reflexes. We also assessed the exercise-induced cardiovascular and thermoregulatory responses in animals lacking arterial baroafferent signals. To accomplish these goals, male Wistar rats were subjected to sinoaortic denervation (SAD) or sham surgery (SHAM) and had a catheter implanted into the ascending aorta to record arterial pressure and a telemetry sensor implanted in the abdominal cavity to record core temperature. After recovering from these surgeries, the animals were subjected to constant- or incremental-speed exercises performed until the voluntary interruption of effort under temperate (25° C) and warm (35° C) conditions. During the constant-speed exercises, the running time until the rats were fatigued was shorter in SAD rats in both environments. Although the core temperature was not significantly different between the groups, tail skin temperature was higher in SAD rats under temperate conditions. The denervated rats also displayed exaggerated increases in blood pressure and double product compared with the SHAM rats; in particular, in the warm environment, these exaggerated cardiovascular responses in the SAD rats persisted until they were fatigued. These SAD-mediated changes occurred in parallel with increased variability in the very low and low components of the systolic arterial pressure power spectrum. The running performance was also affected by SAD during the incremental-speed exercises, with the maximal speed attained being decreased by approximately 20% in both environments. Furthermore, at the maximal power output tolerated during the incremental exercises, the mean arterial pressure, heart rate and double product were exaggerated in the SAD relative to SHAM rats. In conclusion, the chronic absence of the arterial baroafferents accelerates exercise fatigue in temperate and warm environments. Our findings also suggest that an augmented cardiovascular strain accounted for the early interruption of exercise in the SAD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Washington Pires
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Leite LHR, Sharma NM, Bafna S, Zheng H, Coimbra CC, Patel KP. Construction and validation of lentiviral vector carrying rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase in vitro and in vivo. J Neurosci Methods 2012; 211:77-83. [PMID: 22921486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we developed a lentiviral vector with human cytomegalovirus promoter permitting high-level of nNOS expression. Neuronal cell line NG108 was used as an in vitro model to check the validity of gene transfer. The cells were infected with lenti-EGFP or lenti-nNOS particles for 24h. Lenti-nNOS infection in the NG108 cells induced dose dependent increase in mRNA and protein for nNOS; with a dose of 2.5 × 10⁴ pfu/ml, nNOS mRNA expression increased by 40-fold while protein expression was increased by 2.5-fold compared to lenti-EGFP. Moreover, lenti-nNOS infection caused a greater increase in nNOS immunoreactivity in NG108 cells compared to lenti-EGFP as shown by immonocytochemistry. nNOS expression showed time dependent increases with lenti-nNOS infection with maximum up-regulation observed after two weeks of infection. Moreover, in vivo, unilateral injection of lenti-nNOS into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of rats induced a 27-fold increase of nNOS protein level in the injected side compared to non-injected side and this escalation was sustained up to three weeks. Overall, lenti-EGFP injection in the PVN did not show any significant change in nNOS expression. Furthermore, NADPH-diaphorase staining of nNOS in the PVN infected with lenti-nNOS induced a visible increase in nNOS expression compared with contralateral non-injected side up to three weeks. These results indicate that this approach of lentiviral mediated gene transfer of nNOS may provide a new means to up-regulate the nNOS expression for longer periods of time compared to adenoviral transfection and can be used as a research tool and potentially a therapy for chronic diseases involving impaired nNOS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura H R Leite
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Tossige-Gomes R, Avelar NCP, Simão AP, Neves CDC, Brito-Melo GEA, Coimbra CC, Rocha-Vieira E, Lacerda ACR. Whole-body vibration decreases the proliferativeb response of TCD4(+) cells in elderly individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Braz J Med Biol Res 2012; 45:1262-8. [PMID: 22948377 PMCID: PMC3854226 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding whole-body vibration (WBV; frequency = 35 to 40 Hz; amplitude = 4 mm) to squat training on the T-cell proliferative response of elderly patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. This study was a randomized controlled trial in which the selected variables were assessed before and after 12 weeks of training. Twenty-six subjects (72 ± 5 years of age) were divided into three groups: 1) squat training with WBV (WBV, N = 8); 2) squat training without WBV (N = 10), and 3) a control group (N = 8). Women who were ≥60 years of age and had been diagnosed with OA in at least one knee were eligible. The intervention consisted of 12 uninterrupted weeks of squatting exercise training performed 3 times/week. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from peripheral blood collected before and after training. The proliferation of TCD4+ and TCD8+ cells was evaluated by flow cytometry measuring the carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester fluorescence decay before and after the intervention (Δ). The proliferative response of TCD4+ cells (P = 0.02, effect size = 1.0) showed a significant decrease (23%) in the WBV group compared to the control group, while there was no difference between groups regarding the proliferative response of TCD8+ cells (P = 0.12, effect size = 2.23). The data suggest that the addition of WBV to squat exercise training might modulate T-cell-mediated immunity, minimizing or slowing disease progression in elderly patients with OA of the knee.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tossige-Gomes
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
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Leite LHR, Zheng H, Coimbra CC, Patel KP. Contribution of the paraventricular nucleus in autonomic adjustments to heat stress. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2012; 237:570-7. [PMID: 22619372 DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2011.011286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the contribution of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the heat stress-mediated changes in sympathetic nerve activity and blood flow redistribution from the core to the skin surface. Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and body and tail temperatures were recorded in anesthetized rats after bilateral microinjection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), lidocaine or NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) into the PVN during heat stress. Heat stress was induced by a graded increase in the temperature of a heating pad for 30 min. Heat stimulus after blockade of the PVN with lidocaine resulted in a blunted RSNA response (ΔRSNA: 117.6 ± 17.0% versus 11.3 ± 7.3%), as well as blunted MAP and HR (ΔMAP: 22 ± 2 versus -0.04 ± 7.2 mmHg; ΔHR: 93.4 ± 9.3 versus 43.4 ± 18.8 bpm). Body temperature threshold for tail vasodilation was unaffected by lidocaine treatment. The increase in RSNA, MAP and HR due to heat stress in L-NMMA-treated rats reached similar levels as CSF-treated control rats. However, a higher body temperature threshold for tail vasodilation was observed after L-NMMA injection (37.3 ± 0.1 versus 37.8 ± 0.2 °C). In conclusion, an intact PVN contributes to an increase in renal sympathetic activity provoked by heat stress, resulting in cardiovascular adjustments that influence core blood redistribution to the periphery. Furthermore, during heat stress, the effect of the PVN on cutaneous vasodilation is dependent on a nitric oxide mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura H R Leite
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Simão AP, Avelar NC, Tossige-Gomes R, Neves CD, Mendonça VA, Miranda AS, Teixeira MM, Teixeira AL, Andrade AP, Coimbra CC, Lacerda AC. Functional performance and inflammatory cytokines after squat exercises and whole-body vibration in elderly individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93:1692-700. [PMID: 22546535 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of squat exercises combined with whole-body vibration on the plasma concentration of inflammatory markers and the functional performance of elderly individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN Clinical, prospective, randomized, single-blinded study. SETTING Exercise physiology laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Elderly subjects with knee OA (N=32) were divided into 3 groups: (1) squat exercises on a vibratory platform (platform group, n=11); (2) squat exercises without vibration (squat group, n=10); and (3) the control group (n=11). INTERVENTIONS The structured program of squat exercises in the platform and squat groups was conducted 3 times per week, on alternate days, for 12 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Plasma soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptors 1 (sTNFR1) and 2 (sTNFR2) were measured using immunoassays (the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method). The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire was used to evaluate self-reported physical function, pain, and stiffness. The 6-minute walk test, the Berg Balance Scale, and gait speed were used to evaluate physical function. RESULTS In the platform group, there were significant reductions in the plasma concentrations of the inflammatory markers sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 (P<.001 and P<.05, respectively) and self-reported pain (P<.05) compared with the control group, and there was an increase in balance (P<.05) and speed and distance walked (P<.05 and P<.001, respectively). In addition, the platform group walked faster than the squat group (P<.01). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that whole-body vibration training improves self-perception of pain, balance, gait quality, and inflammatory markers in elderly subjects with knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano P Simão
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Wanner SP, Garami A, Pakai E, Oliveira DL, Gavva NR, Coimbra CC, Romanovsky AA. Aging reverses the role of the transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 channel in systemic inflammation from anti-inflammatory to proinflammatory. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:343-9. [PMID: 22214765 DOI: 10.4161/cc.11.2.18772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in young rodents have shown that the transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) channel plays a suppressive role in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) by inhibiting production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and possibly by other mechanisms. We asked whether the anti-inflammatory role of TRPV1 changes with age. First, we studied the effect of AMG517, a selective and potent TRPV1 antagonist, on aseptic, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced SIRS in young (12 wk) mice. In agreement with previous studies, AMG517 increased LPS-induced mortality in the young. We then studied the effects of TRPV1 antagonism (AMG517 or genetic deletion of TRPV1) on SIRS in middle-aged (43-44 wk) mice. Both types of TRPV1 antagonism delayed and decreased LPS-induced mortality, indicating a reversal of the anti-inflammatory role of TRPV1 with aging. In addition, deletion of TRPV1 decreased the serum TNFα response to LPS, suggesting that the suppressive control of TRPV1 on TNFα production is also reversed with aging. In contrast to aseptic SIRS, polymicrobial sepsis (induced by cecal ligation and puncture) caused accelerated mortality in aged TRPV1-deficient mice as compared with wild-type littermates. The recovery of TRPV1-deficient mice from hypothermia associated with the cecal ligation and puncture procedure was delayed. Hence, the reversal of the anti-inflammatory role of TRPV1 found in the aged and their decreased systemic inflammatory response are coupled with suppressed defense against microbial infection. These results caution that TRPV1 antagonists, widely viewed as new-generation painkillers, may decrease the resistance of older patients to infection and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel P Wanner
- Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), Trauma Research, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Avelar NC, Simão AP, Tossige-Gomes R, Neves CD, Mezencio B, Szmuchrowski L, Coimbra CC, Lacerda AC. Oxygen consumption and heart rate during repeated squatting exercises with or without whole-body vibration in the elderly. J Strength Cond Res 2011; 25:3495-500. [PMID: 22080321 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182176664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Avelar, NCP, Simão, AP, Tossige-Gomes, R, Neves, CDC, Mezencio, B, Szmuchrowski, L, Coimbra, CC, and Lacerda, ACR. Oxygen consumption and heart rate during repeated squatting exercises with or without whole-body vibration in the elderly. J Strength Cond Res 25(12): 3495-3500, 2011-The aim of this study was to investigate whether vibration plus squatting would increase cardiovascular demand to the optimal exercise limits needed for the prescription of cardiovascular training. Oxygen consumption, measured breath by breath by a portable gas analysis system, and heart rate (HR), measured using an HR monitor, were evaluated in 18 elderly individuals, 15 women and 3 men with a mean age of 72 ± 6 years. These variables were measured simultaneously and at the same time points in each subject during rest and randomly during the performance of squatting exercises (8 series of 40 seconds, with 40 seconds of rest between series of performing squats in 3-second cycles with 10-60° of flexion, a total of 5 repetitions for 40 seconds) with or without vibration at a frequency of 40 Hz and amplitude of 4 mm, separated by at least 1 day. Associating whole-body vibration with squatting exercise resulted in an additional increase of around 20% in oxygen consumption and 7.5% in the HR recorded during exercise. However, during squatting exercise with vibration, the increase achieved in oxygen consumption was limited to around 2 metabolic equivalents, and mean HR represented around 56% of the predicted maximum HR for age. The results of this study show that, despite the fact that vibration increased oxygen consumption and HR during the performance of squatting exercise, the minimum standards of intensity for the prescription of physical exercise with the specific objective of improving cardiorespiratory fitness were not achieved. Therefore, a protocol such as that used in the study does not meet the threshold for cardiovascular training prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núbia Cp Avelar
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Minas Gerais/Brazil
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Gomes WF, Mendonça VA, Arrieiro AN, Fonseca SF, Amorim MR, Rocha-Vieira E, Brito-Melo GEA, Teixeira AL, Teixeira MM, Miranda AS, Coimbra CC, Lacerda ACR. Effect Of Exercise In Plasma Cytokines And Soluble Receptors Levels In Elderly Women With Osteoarthritis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402455.39246.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lacerda ACR, Arrieiro AN, Gomes WF, Fonseca SF, Amorim MR, Leopoldino AAO, Andrade AGP, Rocha-Vieira E, Gripp F, Coimbra CC. Land-Based Versus Water-Based Exercise Program in Elderly with Knee Osteoarthritis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402115.60252.ae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gioda CR, de Oliveira Barreto T, Prímola-Gomes TN, de Lima DC, Campos PP, Capettini LDSA, Lauton-Santos S, Vasconcelos AC, Coimbra CC, Lemos VS, Pesquero JL, Cruz JS. Cardiac oxidative stress is involved in heart failure induced by thiamine deprivation in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 298:H2039-45. [PMID: 20304817 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00820.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Thiamine is an important cofactor of metabolic enzymes, and its deficiency leads to cardiovascular dysfunction. First, we characterized the metabolic status measuring resting oxygen consumption rate and lactate blood concentration after 35 days of thiamine deficiency (TD). The results pointed to a decrease in resting oxygen consumption and a twofold increase in blood lactate. Confocal microscopy showed that intracellular superoxide (approximately 40%) and H(2)O(2) (2.5 times) contents had been increased. In addition, biochemical activities and protein expression of SOD, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were evaluated in hearts isolated from rats submitted to thiamine deprivation. No difference in SOD activity was detected, but protein levels were found to be increased. Catalase activity increased 2.1 times in TD hearts. The observed gain in activity was attended by an increased catalase protein level. However, a marked decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity (control 435.3 + or - 28.6 vs. TD 199.4 + or - 30.2 nmol NADPH x min(-1) x ml(-1)) was paralleled by a diminution in the protein levels. Compared with control hearts, we did observe a greater proportion of apoptotic myocytes by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and caspase-3 reactivity techniques. These results indicate that during TD, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production may be enhanced as a consequence of the installed acidosis. The perturbation in the cardiac myocytes redox balance was responsible for the increase in apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Rosa Gioda
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal Univ. of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-090, Brazil
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Leite LHR, Lacerda ACR, Balthazar CH, Marubayashi U, Coimbra CC. Central angiotensin AT1 receptors are involved in metabolic adjustments in response to graded exercise in rats. Peptides 2009; 30:1931-5. [PMID: 19647773 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of central angiotensin AT1-receptors blockade on metabolic adjustments during graded exercise, Losartan (Los) was intracerebroventricularly injected in rats before running until fatigue. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured (n=6) and blood samples collected (n=7) to determine variations of glucose, lactate and free fatty acids (FFA). Los-rats exhibited a hyperglycemic response, already observed at 20% of maximal work, followed by a higher lactate levels and FFA mobilization from adipose tissue. Despite the reduced total time to fatigue and the higher VO2 associated with reduced mechanical efficiency, exercise led to the attainment of similar levels of effort in both groups. In summary, central AT1-receptor blockade during graded exercise induces hyperglycemia and higher FFA mobilization from adipose tissue at low exercise intensities in rats running at the same absolute exercise intensity. These data suggest that the central angiotensinergic system is involved in metabolic adjustments during exercise since central blockade of AT1-receptors shifts energy balance during graded exercise, similarly to situations of higher and premature sympathetic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura H R Leite
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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