1
|
Hassan S, Purdie KJ, Wang J, Harwood CA, Proby CM, Pourreyron C, Mladkova N, Nagano A, Dhayade S, Athineos D, Caley M, Mannella V, Blyth K, Inman GJ, Leigh IM. A Unique Panel of Patient-Derived Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Provides a Preclinical Pathway for Therapeutic Testing. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3428. [PMID: 31336867 PMCID: PMC6678499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) incidence continues to rise with increasing morbidity and mortality, with limited treatment options for advanced disease. Future improvements in targeted therapy will rely on advances in genomic/transcriptomic understanding and the use of model systems for basic research. We describe here the panel of 16 primary and metastatic cSCC cell lines developed and characterised over the past three decades in our laboratory in order to provide such a resource for future preclinical research and drug screening. METHODS Primary keratinocytes were isolated from cSCC tumours and metastases, and cell lines were established. These were characterised using short tandem repeat (STR) profiling and genotyped by whole exome sequencing. Multiple in vitro assays were performed to document their morphology, growth characteristics, migration and invasion characteristics, and in vivo xenograft growth. RESULTS STR profiles of the cSCC lines allow the confirmation of their unique identity. Phylogenetic trees derived from exome sequence analysis of the matched primary and metastatic lines provide insight into the genetic basis of disease progression. The results of in vivo and in vitro analyses allow researchers to select suitable cell lines for specific experimentation. CONCLUSIONS There are few well-characterised cSCC lines available for widespread preclinical experimentation and drug screening. The described cSCC cell line panel provides a critical tool for in vitro and in vivo experimentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakinah Hassan
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, QMUL, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Karin J Purdie
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, QMUL, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Jun Wang
- Barts Cancer Institute, QMUL, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Catherine A Harwood
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, QMUL, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Charlotte M Proby
- Division of Cancer, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Celine Pourreyron
- Division of Cancer, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Nikol Mladkova
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, QMUL, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Ai Nagano
- Barts Cancer Institute, QMUL, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sandeep Dhayade
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Rd, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Dimitris Athineos
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Rd, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Matthew Caley
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, QMUL, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Viviana Mannella
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, QMUL, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Rd, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Gareth J Inman
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Rd, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1GH, UK
| | - Irene M Leigh
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, QMUL, London E1 2AT, UK.
- Division of Cancer, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Atanasova VS, Pourreyron C, Farshchian M, Lawler M, Brown CA, Watt SA, Wright S, Warkala M, Guttmann-Gruber C, Hofbauer JP, Fuentes I, Prisco M, Rashidghamat E, Has C, Salas-Alanis JC, Palisson F, Hovnanian A, McGrath JA, Mellerio JE, Bauer JW, South AP. Identification of Rigosertib for the Treatment of Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa-Associated Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:3384-3391. [PMID: 30846478 PMCID: PMC8185613 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin is the leading cause of death in patients with the severe generalized form of the genetic disease recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). Although emerging data are identifying why patients suffer this fatal complication, therapies for treatment of RDEB SCC are in urgent need.Experimental Design: We previously identified polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) as a therapeutic target in skin SCC, including RDEB SCC. Here, we undertake a screen of 6 compounds originally designated as PLK1 inhibitors, and detail the efficacy of the lead compound, the multipathway allosteric inhibitor ON-01910, for targeting RDEB SCC in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS ON-01910 (or rigosertib) exhibited significant specificity for RDEB SCC: in culture rigosertib induced apoptosis in 10 of 10 RDEB SCC keratinocyte populations while only slowing the growth of normal primary skin cells at doses 2 orders of magnitude higher. Furthermore, rigosertib significantly inhibited the growth of two RDEB SCC in murine xenograft studies with no apparent toxicity. Mechanistically, rigosertib has been shown to inhibit multiple signaling pathways. Comparison of PLK1 siRNA with MEK inhibition, AKT inhibition, and the microtubule-disrupting agent vinblastine in RDEB SCC shows that only PLK1 reduction exhibits a similar sensitivity profile to rigosertib. CONCLUSIONS These data support a "first in RDEB" phase II clinical trial of rigosertib to assess tumor targeting in patients with late stage, metastatic, and/or unresectable SCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Velina S Atanasova
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Celine Pourreyron
- Division of Cellular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Mehdi Farshchian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Lawler
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christian A Brown
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen A Watt
- Division of Cellular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Wright
- Division of Cellular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Warkala
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christina Guttmann-Gruber
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Austria
| | - Josefina Piñón Hofbauer
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ignacia Fuentes
- Fundación DEBRA Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco Prisco
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elham Rashidghamat
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Francis Palisson
- Fundación DEBRA Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - John A McGrath
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, United Kingdom
| | - Jemima E Mellerio
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, United Kingdom
| | - Johann W Bauer
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andrew P South
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Evans A, Sim YT, Pourreyron C, Thompson A, Jordan L, Fleming D, Purdie C, Macaskill J, Vinnicombe S, Pharoah P. Pre-operative stromal stiffness measured by shear wave elastography is independently associated with breast cancer-specific survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 171:383-389. [PMID: 29858751 PMCID: PMC6096877 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4836-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the increased use of neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer, there is a need for pre-operative prediction of prognosis. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of tumour stiffness measured by ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE). METHODS A consecutive cohort of patients with invasive breast cancer underwent breast ultrasound (US) including SWE. The following were recorded prospectively: US diameter, stiffness at SWE, presentation source, core biopsy grade, oestrogen receptor (ER) status and pre-operative nodal status. Breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) was analysed with regard to US size and stiffness, tumour grade on core biopsy, ER status, presentation mode and pre-operative nodal status. Analysis used Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Of the 520 patients, 42 breast cancer and 53 non-breast cancer deaths were recorded at mean follow-up of 5.4 years. Hazard ratios (HR) for tertiles of stiffness were 1, 4.8 and 8.1 (P = 0.0001). HR for 2 groups based on US size < or ≥ 20 mm were 1 and 5.1 (P < 0.0001). HR for each unit increase in tumour grade on core biopsy was 3.9 (P < 0.0001). The HR for ER positivity compared to ER negativity was 0.21 (P < 0.001). BCSS was also associated with presentation mode and pre-operative nodal status. In a multivariable model, stiffness, US size and ER status were independently associated with BCSS. CONCLUSION Multiple pre-operative factors including stromal stiffness at SWE have independent prognostic significance. A larger dataset with longer follow-up could be used in the future to construct a pre-operative prognostic model to guide treatment decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Evans
- Breast Imaging, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Mailbox 4, Level 6, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
| | - Yee Ting Sim
- Breast Imaging, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Mailbox 4, Level 6, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Celine Pourreyron
- Jackie Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Alastair Thompson
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lee Jordan
- Pathology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Dawn Fleming
- Pathology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Colin Purdie
- Pathology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Jane Macaskill
- Breast Surgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Sarah Vinnicombe
- Breast Imaging, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Mailbox 4, Level 6, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Paul Pharoah
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Department of Oncology, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cammareri P, Rose AM, Vincent DF, Wang J, Nagano A, Libertini S, Ridgway RA, Athineos D, Coates PJ, McHugh A, Pourreyron C, Dayal JHS, Larsson J, Weidlich S, Spender LC, Sapkota GP, Purdie KJ, Proby CM, Harwood CA, Leigh IM, Clevers H, Barker N, Karlsson S, Pritchard C, Marais R, Chelala C, South AP, Sansom OJ, Inman GJ. Inactivation of TGFβ receptors in stem cells drives cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12493. [PMID: 27558455 PMCID: PMC5007296 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma patients treated with oncogenic BRAF inhibitors can develop cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) within weeks of treatment, driven by paradoxical RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway activation. Here we identify frequent TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 mutations in human vemurafenib-induced skin lesions and in sporadic cSCC. Functional analysis reveals these mutations ablate canonical TGFβ Smad signalling, which is localized to bulge stem cells in both normal human and murine skin. MAPK pathway hyperactivation (through Braf(V600E) or Kras(G12D) knockin) and TGFβ signalling ablation (through Tgfbr1 deletion) in LGR5(+ve) stem cells enables rapid cSCC development in the mouse. Mutation of Tp53 (which is commonly mutated in sporadic cSCC) coupled with Tgfbr1 deletion in LGR5(+ve) cells also results in cSCC development. These findings indicate that LGR5(+ve) stem cells may act as cells of origin for cSCC, and that RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway hyperactivation or Tp53 mutation, coupled with loss of TGFβ signalling, are driving events of skin tumorigenesis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Biopsy
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/chemically induced
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA Mutational Analysis/methods
- Female
- Humans
- Indoles/adverse effects
- Male
- Melanoma/drug therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Mutation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/metabolism
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Skin Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Stem Cells
- Sulfonamides/adverse effects
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Vemurafenib
- Exome Sequencing
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Cammareri
- Wnt Signaling and Colorectal Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow University, Garscube Estate, Switichback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Aidan M. Rose
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - David F. Vincent
- Wnt Signaling and Colorectal Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow University, Garscube Estate, Switichback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Jun Wang
- Bioinformatics Unit, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ai Nagano
- Bioinformatics Unit, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Silvana Libertini
- Wnt Signaling and Colorectal Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow University, Garscube Estate, Switichback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Rachel A. Ridgway
- Wnt Signaling and Colorectal Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow University, Garscube Estate, Switichback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Dimitris Athineos
- Wnt Signaling and Colorectal Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow University, Garscube Estate, Switichback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Philip J. Coates
- Tayside Tissue Bank, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Angela McHugh
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Celine Pourreyron
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Jasbani H. S. Dayal
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Jonas Larsson
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Strategic Center for Stem Cell Biology, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Simone Weidlich
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Lindsay C. Spender
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Gopal P. Sapkota
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Karin J. Purdie
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Charlotte M. Proby
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Catherine A. Harwood
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Irene M. Leigh
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, Utrecht 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - Nick Barker
- Institute of Medical Biology, Immunos 138648, Singapore
| | - Stefan Karlsson
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Strategic Center for Stem Cell Biology, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Catrin Pritchard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Richard Marais
- The Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Claude Chelala
- Bioinformatics Unit, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Andrew P. South
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
| | - Owen J. Sansom
- Wnt Signaling and Colorectal Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow University, Garscube Estate, Switichback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Gareth J. Inman
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pourreyron C, Watt S, Wright S, Gruber C, Prisco M, McGrath J, Mellerio J, Bauer J, South A. 097 Rigosertib for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
6
|
Pourreyron C, Chen M, McGrath JA, Salas-Alanis JC, South AP, Leigh IM. High levels of type VII collagen expression in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma keratinocytes increases PI3K and MAPK signalling, cell migration and invasion. Br J Dermatol 2016; 170:1256-65. [PMID: 24641191 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of inherited skin fragility diseases varying in severity from mild scarring to infant mortality. Great efforts are being undertaken to develop therapeutic strategies to treat the more pernicious forms of this disease, particularly those associated with recessive, loss-of-function mutations. In such cases significant effort is directed toward delivering recombinant protein at levels sufficient to demonstrate clinical benefit. Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) predisposes patients to a high incidence of life-threatening cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Mutations in the gene encoding type VII collagen, COL7A1, are the sole cause of this disease and conflicting reports concerning type VII collagen and COL7A1 in carcinogenesis exist. OBJECTIVES To investigate potential oncogenic effects of expressing recombinant type VII collagen in patient cells. METHODS We used retroviral transduction to introduce type VII collagen into keratinocytes derived from patients with and without RDEB. RESULTS Retroviral expression of type VII collagen in cSCC keratinocytes established from patients with RDEB resulted in increased cell adhesion, migration and invasion coupled with a concurrent increase in PI3K and MAPK signalling. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest caution when formulating strategies where delivery of type VII collagen is likely to exceed levels seen under normal physiological conditions in a patient group with a higher inherent risk of developing skin cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Pourreyron
- Division of Cancer Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Watt SA, Dayal JHS, Wright S, Riddle M, Pourreyron C, McMillan JR, Kimble RM, Prisco M, Gartner U, Warbrick E, McLean WHI, Leigh IM, McGrath JA, Salas-Alanis JC, Tolar J, South AP. Lysyl Hydroxylase 3 Localizes to Epidermal Basement Membrane and Is Reduced in Patients with Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137639. [PMID: 26380979 PMCID: PMC4575209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is caused by mutations in COL7A1 resulting in reduced or absent type VII collagen, aberrant anchoring fibril formation and subsequent dermal-epidermal fragility. Here, we identify a significant decrease in PLOD3 expression and its encoded protein, the collagen modifying enzyme lysyl hydroxylase 3 (LH3), in RDEB. We show abundant LH3 localising to the basement membrane in normal skin which is severely depleted in RDEB patient skin. We demonstrate expression is in-part regulated by endogenous type VII collagen and that, in agreement with previous studies, even small reductions in LH3 expression lead to significantly less secreted LH3 protein. Exogenous type VII collagen did not alter LH3 expression in cultured RDEB keratinocytes and we show that RDEB patients receiving bone marrow transplantation who demonstrate significant increase in type VII collagen do not show increased levels of LH3 at the basement membrane. Our data report a direct link between LH3 and endogenous type VII collagen expression concluding that reduction of LH3 at the basement membrane in patients with RDEB will likely have significant implications for disease progression and therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A. Watt
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sheila Wright
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Riddle
- Stem Cell Institute and Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Celine Pourreyron
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - James R. McMillan
- The Centre for Children’s Burns Research, Queensland Children’s Medical Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Roy M. Kimble
- The Centre for Children’s Burns Research, Queensland Children’s Medical Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marco Prisco
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ulrike Gartner
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Colleges of Life Sciences and Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Warbrick
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Colleges of Life Sciences and Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - W. H. Irwin McLean
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Colleges of Life Sciences and Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Irene M. Leigh
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - John A. McGrath
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, United Kingdom
| | - Julio C. Salas-Alanis
- Basic Sciences Department, Medicine School, University of Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Jakub Tolar
- Stem Cell Institute and Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Andrew P. South
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cammareri P, Rose AM, Vincent DF, Libertini S, Ridgway RA, Athineos D, Coates P, McHugh A, Pourreyron C, Larsson J, Spender LC, Sapkota G, Purdie K, Proby C, Harwood CA, Leigh IM, Clevers H, Barker N, Karlsson S, Pritchard C, Marais R, South AP, Sansom OJ, Inman GJ. Abstract 1506: Frequent loss of function mutations in TGFβR1 and TGFβR2 identify hair follicle bulge stem cells as the cell of origin for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Solid tumors are typically considered to arise from the accumulation of mutations within either stem or differentiated cells and to evolve over several years. However, melanoma patients treated with inhibitors of oncogenic BRAF frequently present with keratoacanthomas and/or cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) within weeks of treatment, possibly driven by paradoxical RAS/RAF MAPK pathway activation. Here, we identify frequent HRAS, TGFβR1 and TGFβR2 mutations in skin lesions from vemurafenib treated patients. Analysis of 98 human sporadic cSCC tumor samples and 21 cSCC cell lines revealed mutation of TGFβ receptors in 42% of samples and activating RAS mutations in 9% of samples. Functional analysis indicates that TGFβ receptor mutations frequently result in loss of canonical signaling. Analysis of normal human skin revealed localised TGFβ signaling in hair follicle bulge stem cells. In murine skin autocrine TGFβ signaling was highly localised to Lgr5+ve stem cells. We modelled hyperactivation of the MAPK pathway (through knockin of BRafV600E or KRASG12D) and the consequences of TGFβ signalling ablation (through the deletion of Tgfβr1) in Lgr5+ve cells. Whist BRaf or KRAS activation alone did not lead to cancer, homozygous deletion of Tgfβr1 enabled rapid cSCC development. Taken together, our results indicate that Lgr5+ve stem cells can act as the cell of origin for cSCC and that hyperactivation of the RAS-RAF-MAPK pathway, coupled with loss of TGFβ signalling, are driving events of skin tumorigenesis.
Citation Format: Patrizia Cammareri, Aidan M. Rose, David F. Vincent, Silvana Libertini, Rachel A. Ridgway, Dimitris Athineos, Philip Coates, Angela McHugh, Celine Pourreyron, Jonas Larsson, Lindsay C. Spender, Gopal Sapkota, Karin Purdie, Charlotte Proby, Catherine A. Harwood, Irene M. Leigh, Hans Clevers, Nicholas Barker, Stefan Karlsson, Catrin Pritchard, Richard Marais, Andrew P. South, Owen J. Sansom, Gareth J. Inman. Frequent loss of function mutations in TGFβR1 and TGFβR2 identify hair follicle bulge stem cells as the cell of origin for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1506. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1506
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David F. Vincent
- 1The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karin Purdie
- 4Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Richard Marais
- 8The Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Owen J. Sansom
- 1The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Petrof G, Nanda A, Howden J, Takeichi T, McMillan J, Aristodemou S, Ozoemena L, Liu L, South A, Pourreyron C, Dafou D, Proudfoot L, Al-Ajmi H, Akiyama M, McLean W, Simpson M, Parsons M, McGrath J. Mutations in GRHL2 result in an autosomal-recessive ectodermal Dysplasia syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 95:308-14. [PMID: 25152456 PMCID: PMC4157147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Grainyhead-like 2, encoded by GRHL2, is a member of a highly conserved family of transcription factors that play essential roles during epithelial development. Haploinsufficiency for GRHL2 has been implicated in autosomal-dominant deafness, but mutations have not yet been associated with any skin pathology. We investigated two unrelated Kuwaiti families in which a total of six individuals have had lifelong ectodermal defects. The clinical features comprised nail dystrophy or nail loss, marginal palmoplantar keratoderma, hypodontia, enamel hypoplasia, oral hyperpigmentation, and dysphagia. In addition, three individuals had sensorineural deafness, and three had bronchial asthma. Taken together, the features were consistent with an unusual autosomal-recessive ectodermal dysplasia syndrome. Because of consanguinity in both families, we used whole-exome sequencing to search for novel homozygous DNA variants and found GRHL2 mutations common to both families: affected subjects in one family were homozygous for c.1192T>C (p.Tyr398His) in exon 9, and subjects in the other family were homozygous for c.1445T>A (p.Ile482Lys) in exon 11. Immortalized keratinocytes (p.Ile482Lys) showed altered cell morphology, impaired tight junctions, adhesion defects, and cytoplasmic translocation of GRHL2. Whole-skin transcriptomic analysis (p.Ile482Lys) disclosed changes in genes implicated in networks of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. Our clinical findings of an autosomal-recessive ectodermal dysplasia syndrome provide insight into the role of GRHL2 in skin development, homeostasis, and human disease.
Collapse
|
10
|
Michael M, Begum R, Fong K, Pourreyron C, South AP, McGrath JA, Parsons M. BPAG1-e Restricts Keratinocyte Migration through Control of Adhesion Stability. J Invest Dermatol 2014. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
11
|
Dayal JHS, Cole CL, Pourreyron C, Watt SA, Lim YZ, Salas-Alanis JC, Murrell DF, McGrath JA, Stieger B, Jahoda C, Leigh IM, South AP. Type VII collagen regulates expression of OATP1B3, promotes front-to-rear polarity and increases structural organisation in 3D spheroid cultures of RDEB tumour keratinocytes. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:740-51. [PMID: 24357722 PMCID: PMC3924202 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.128454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type VII collagen is the main component of anchoring fibrils, structures that are integral to basement membrane homeostasis in skin. Mutations in the gene encoding type VII collagen COL7A1 cause recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) an inherited skin blistering condition complicated by frequent aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). OATP1B3, which is encoded by the gene SLCO1B3, is a member of the OATP (organic anion transporting polypeptide) superfamily responsible for transporting a wide range of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. OATP1B3 expression is limited to the liver in healthy tissues, but is frequently detected in multiple cancer types and is reported to be associated with differing clinical outcome. The mechanism and functional significance of tumour-specific expression of OATP1B3 has yet to be determined. Here, we identify SLCO1B3 expression in tumour keratinocytes isolated from RDEB and UV-induced cSCC and demonstrate that SLCO1B3 expression and promoter activity are modulated by type VII collagen. We show that reduction of SLCO1B3 expression upon expression of full-length type VII collagen in RDEB cSCC coincides with acquisition of front-to-rear polarity and increased organisation of 3D spheroid cultures. In addition, we show that type VII collagen positively regulates the abundance of markers implicated in cellular polarity, namely ELMO2, PAR3, E-cadherin, B-catenin, ITGA6 and Ln332.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Antigens, CD
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cadherins/genetics
- Cadherins/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Polarity
- Coculture Techniques
- Collagen Type VII/physiology
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism
- Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica/genetics
- Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica/metabolism
- Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Integrin alpha6/genetics
- Integrin alpha6/metabolism
- Keratinocytes
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent/genetics
- Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Transport
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1B3
- Transcription, Genetic
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- beta Catenin/genetics
- beta Catenin/metabolism
- Kalinin
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasbani H. S. Dayal
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Clare L. Cole
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Celine Pourreyron
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Stephen A. Watt
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Yok Zuan Lim
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | | | - Dedee F. Murrell
- St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2217 NSW, Australia
| | - John A. McGrath
- King's College School of Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital, Guys Campus, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Bruno Stieger
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Irene M. Leigh
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Andrew P. South
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sokolovski SG, Zolotovskaya SA, Goltsov A, Pourreyron C, South AP, Rafailov EU. Infrared laser pulse triggers increased singlet oxygen production in tumour cells. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3484. [PMID: 24336590 PMCID: PMC3860013 DOI: 10.1038/srep03484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a technique developed to treat the ever-increasing global incidence of cancer. This technique utilises singlet oxygen (1O2) generation via a laser excited photosensitiser (PS) to kill cancer cells. However, prolonged sensitivity to intensive light (6–8 weeks for lung cancer), relatively low tissue penetration by activating light (630 nm up to 4 mm), and the cost of PS administration can limit progressive PDT applications. The development of quantum-dot laser diodes emitting in the highest absorption region (1268 nm) of triplet oxygen (3O2) presents the possibility of inducing apoptosis in tumour cells through direct 3O2 → 1O2 transition. Here we demonstrate that a single laser pulse triggers dose-dependent 1O2 generation in both normal keratinocytes and tumour cells and show that tumour cells yield the highest 1O2 far beyond the initial laser pulse exposure. Our modelling and experimental results support the development of direct infrared (IR) laser-induced tumour treatment as a promising approach in tumour PDT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S G Sokolovski
- Photonics and Nanoscience Group, School of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - S A Zolotovskaya
- Photonics and Nanoscience Group, School of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - A Goltsov
- Centre for Research in Informatics and Systems Pathology (CRISP), University of Abertay Dundee, DD1 1HG, UK
| | - C Pourreyron
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - A P South
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - E U Rafailov
- Photonics and Nanoscience Group, School of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kluk MJ, Ashworth T, Wang H, Knoechel B, Mason EF, Morgan EA, Dorfman D, Pinkus G, Weigert O, Hornick JL, Chirieac LR, Hirsch M, Oh DJ, South AP, Leigh IM, Pourreyron C, Cassidy AJ, Deangelo DJ, Weinstock DM, Krop IE, Dillon D, Brock JE, Lazar AJF, Peto M, Cho RJ, Stoeck A, Haines BB, Sathayanrayanan S, Rodig S, Aster JC. Gauging NOTCH1 Activation in Cancer Using Immunohistochemistry. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67306. [PMID: 23825651 PMCID: PMC3688991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fixed, paraffin-embedded (FPE) tissues are a potentially rich resource for studying the role of NOTCH1 in cancer and other pathologies, but tests that reliably detect activated NOTCH1 (NICD1) in FPE samples have been lacking. Here, we bridge this gap by developing an immunohistochemical (IHC) stain that detects a neoepitope created by the proteolytic cleavage event that activates NOTCH1. Following validation using xenografted cancers and normal tissues with known patterns of NOTCH1 activation, we applied this test to tumors linked to dysregulated Notch signaling by mutational studies. As expected, frequent NICD1 staining was observed in T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, a tumor in which activating NOTCH1 mutations are common. However, when IHC was used to gauge NOTCH1 activation in other human cancers, several unexpected findings emerged. Among B cell tumors, NICD1 staining was much more frequent in chronic lymphocytic leukemia than would be predicted based on the frequency of NOTCH1 mutations, while mantle cell lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma showed no evidence of NOTCH1 activation. NICD1 was also detected in 38% of peripheral T cell lymphomas. Of interest, NICD1 staining in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and in angioimmunoblastic lymphoma was consistently more pronounced in lymph nodes than in surrounding soft tissues, implicating factors in the nodal microenvironment in NOTCH1 activation in these diseases. Among carcinomas, diffuse strong NICD1 staining was observed in 3.8% of cases of triple negative breast cancer (3 of 78 tumors), but was absent from 151 non-small cell lung carcinomas and 147 ovarian carcinomas. Frequent staining of normal endothelium was also observed; in line with this observation, strong NICD1 staining was also seen in 77% of angiosarcomas. These findings complement insights from genomic sequencing studies and suggest that IHC staining is a valuable experimental tool that may be useful in selection of patients for clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Kluk
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Clements SE, Techanukul T, Lai-Cheong JE, Mee JB, South AP, Pourreyron C, Burrows NP, Mellerio JE, McGrath JA. Mutations in AEC syndrome skin reveal a role for p63 in basement membrane adhesion, skin barrier integrity and hair follicle biology. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167:134-44. [PMID: 22329826 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10888.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AEC (ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-clefting) syndrome is an autosomal dominant ectodermal dysplasia disorder caused by mutations in the transcription factor p63. Clinically, the skin is dry and often fragile; other features can include partial eyelid fusion (ankyloblepharon), hypodontia, orofacial clefting, sparse hair or alopecia, and nail dystrophy. OBJECTIVES To investigate how p63 gene mutations affect gene and protein expression in AEC syndrome skin. METHODS We performed microarray analysis on samples of intact and eroded AEC syndrome skin compared with control skin. Changes were verified by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and, for basal keratinocyte-associated genes, by immunohistochemistry and analysis of microdissected skin. RESULTS We identified significant upregulation of six genes and downregulation of 69 genes in AEC syndrome skin, with the main changes in genes implicated in epidermal adhesion, skin barrier formation and hair follicle biology. There was reduced expression of genes encoding the basement membrane proteins FRAS1 and collagen VII, as well as the skin barrier-associated small proline-rich proteins 1A and 4, late cornified envelope protein 5A, hornerin, and lipid transporters including ALOX15B. Reduced expression of the hair-associated keratins 25, 27, 31, 33B, 34, 35, 81 and 85 was also noted. We also confirmed similar alterations in gene expression for 26 of the 75 genes in eroded AEC scalp skin. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies specific changes in skin structural biology and signalling pathways that result from mutant p63 and provides new molecular insight into the AEC syndrome phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S E Clements
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London SE1 9RT, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ng YZ, Pourreyron C, Salas-Alanis JC, Dayal JHS, Cepeda-Valdes R, Yan W, Wright S, Chen M, Fine JD, Hogg FJ, McGrath JA, Murrell DF, Leigh IM, Lane EB, South AP. Fibroblast-derived dermal matrix drives development of aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Cancer Res 2012; 72:3522-34. [PMID: 22564523 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-2996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients with the genetic skin blistering disease recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) develop aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Metastasis leading to mortality is greater in RDEB than in other patient groups with cSCC. Here we investigate the dermal component in RDEB using mRNA expression profiling to compare cultured fibroblasts isolated from individuals without cSCC and directly from tumor matrix in RDEB and non-RDEB samples. Although gene expression of RDEB normal skin fibroblasts resembled that of cancer-associated fibroblasts, RDEB cancer-associated fibroblasts exhibited a distinct and divergent gene expression profile, with a large proportion of the differentially expressed genes involved in matrix and cell adhesion. RDEB cancer-associated fibroblasts conferred increased adhesion and invasion to tumor and nontumor keratinocytes. Reduction of COL7A1, the defective gene in RDEB, in normal dermal fibroblasts led to increased type XII collagen, thrombospondin-1, and Wnt-5A, while reexpression of wild type COL7A1 in RDEB fibroblasts decreased type XII collagen, thrombospondin-1, and Wnt-5A expression, reduced tumor cell invasion in organotypic culture, and restricted tumor growth in vivo. Overall, our findings show that matrix composition in patients with RDEB is a permissive environment for tumor development, and type VII collagen directly regulates the composition of matrix proteins secreted by dermal and cancer-associated fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhen Ng
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pourreyron C, Reilly L, Proby C, Panteleyev A, Fleming C, McLean K, South AP, Foerster J. Wnt5a is strongly expressed at the leading edge in non-melanoma skin cancer, forming active gradients, while canonical Wnt signalling is repressed. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31827. [PMID: 22384081 PMCID: PMC3285195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt5a is one of the so-called non-canonical Wnt ligands which do not act through β-catenin. In normal development, Wnt5a is secreted and directs the migration of target cells along concentration gradients. The effect of Wnt5a on target cells is regulated by many factors, including the expression level of inhibitors and receptors. Dysregulated Wnt5a signalling facilitates invasion of multiple tumor types into adjacent tissue. However, the expression and distribution of Wnt5a in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), as well as the effect of Wnt5a on keratinocyte migration has not been studied in detail to date. We here report that Wnt5a is upregulated in SCC and BCC and localised to the leading edge of tumors, as well as tumor-associated fibroblasts. The Wnt5a-triggered bundling of its receptor Fzd3 provides evidence of Wnt5a concentration gradients projecting into the tumor. In vitro migration assays show that Wnt5a concentration gradients determine its effect on keratinoctye migration: While chemotactic migration is inhibited by Wnt5a present in homogenous concentrations, it is enhanced in the presence of a Wnt5a gradient. Expression profiling of the Wnt pathway shows that the upregulation of Wnt5a in SCC is coupled to repression of canonical Wnt signalling. This is confirmed by immunohistochemistry showing lack of nuclear β-catenin, as well as absent accumulation of Axin2. Since both types of Wnt signalling act mutually antogonistically at multiple levels, the concurrent repression of canonical Wnt signalling suggests hyper-active Wnt5a signal transduction. Significantly, this combination of gene dysregulation is not observed in the benign hyperproliferative inflammatory skin disease psoriasis. Collectively, our data strongly suggest that Wnt5a signalling contributes to tissue invasion by non-melanoma skin cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celine Pourreyron
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Louise Reilly
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Charlotte Proby
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Andrey Panteleyev
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Colin Fleming
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Education Division, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Kathleen McLean
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Tayside Tissue Bank, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Andrew P. South
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - John Foerster
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Education Division, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Watt SA, Pourreyron C, Purdie K, Hogan C, Cole CL, Foster N, Pratt N, Bourdon JC, Appleyard V, Murray K, Thompson AM, Mao X, Mein C, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Evans A, McGrath JA, Proby CM, Foerster J, Leigh IM, South AP. Integrative mRNA profiling comparing cultured primary cells with clinical samples reveals PLK1 and C20orf20 as therapeutic targets in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2011; 30:4666-77. [PMID: 21602893 PMCID: PMC3219832 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Revised: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Identifying therapeutic targets for cancer treatment relies on consistent changes within particular types or sub-types of malignancy. The ability to define either consistent changes or sub-types of malignancy is often masked by tumor heterogeneity. To elucidate therapeutic targets in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), the most frequent skin neoplasm with malignant potential, we have developed an integrated approach to gene expression profiling beginning with primary keratinocytes in culture. Candidate drivers of cSCC development were derived by first defining a set of in vitro cancer genes and then comparing their expression in a range of clinical data sets containing normal skin, cSCC and the benign hyper-proliferative condition psoriasis. A small interfering RNA (siRNA) screen of the resulting 21 upregulated genes has yielded targets capable of reducing xenograft tumor volume in vivo. Small-molecule inhibitors for one target, Polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1), are already in clinical trials for other malignancies, and our data show efficacy in cSCC. Another target, C20orf20, is identified as being overexpressed in cSCC, and siRNA-mediated knockdown induces apoptosis in vitro and reduces tumor growth in vivo. Thus, our approach has shown established and uncharacterized drivers of tumorigenesis with potent efficacy as therapeutic targets for the treatment of cSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Watt
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - C Pourreyron
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - K Purdie
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Whitechapel, London, UK
| | - C Hogan
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - C L Cole
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - N Foster
- Department of Human Genetics, Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - N Pratt
- Department of Human Genetics, Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - J-C Bourdon
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - V Appleyard
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - K Murray
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - A M Thompson
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - X Mao
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Whitechapel, London, UK
| | - C Mein
- Genome Centre, Barts and The London, Queen Mary University of London, Whitechapel, London, UK
| | - L Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Freiburg and Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, School of Life Sciences LifeNet, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Evans
- Department of Pathology, Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - J A McGrath
- Genetic Skin Disease Group, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College School of Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - C M Proby
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - J Foerster
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - I M Leigh
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - A P South
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Patel DC, Albrecht C, Pavitt D, Paul V, Pourreyron C, Newman SP, Godsland IF, Valabhji J, Johnston DG. Type 2 diabetes is associated with reduced ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 gene expression, protein and function. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22142. [PMID: 21829447 PMCID: PMC3144880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Increasing plasma glucose levels are associated with increasing risk of vascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that there is a glycaemia-mediated impairment of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). We studied the influence of plasma glucose on expression and function of a key mediator in RCT, the ATP binding cassette transporter-A1 (ABCA1) and expression of its regulators, liver X receptor-α (LXRα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor–γ (PPARγ). Methods and Results Leukocyte ABCA1, LXRα and PPARγ expression was measured by polymerase chain reaction in 63 men with varying degrees of glucose homeostasis. ABCA1 protein concentrations were measured in leukocytes. In a sub-group of 25 men, ABCA1 function was quantified as apolipoprotein-A1-mediated cholesterol efflux from 2–3 week cultured skin fibroblasts. Leukocyte ABCA1 expression correlated negatively with circulating HbA1c and glucose (rho = −0.41, p<0.001; rho = −0.34, p = 0.006 respectively) and was reduced in Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (p = 0.03). Leukocyte ABCA1 protein was lower in T2DM (p = 0.03) and positively associated with plasma HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (rho = 0.34, p = 0.02). Apolipoprotein-A1-mediated cholesterol efflux correlated negatively with fasting glucose (rho = −0.50, p = 0.01) and positively with HDL-C (rho = 0.41, p = 0.02). It was reduced in T2DM compared with controls (p = 0.04). These relationships were independent of LXRα and PPARγ expression. Conclusions ABCA1 expression and protein concentrations in leukocytes, as well as function in cultured skin fibroblasts, are reduced in T2DM. ABCA1 protein concentration and function are associated with HDL-C levels. These findings indicate a glycaemia- related, persistent disruption of a key component of RCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh C Patel
- Division of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Patel DC, Albrecht C, Pavitt D, Paul V, Pourreyron C, Newman SP, Godsland IF, Valabhji J, Johnston DG. Type 2 diabetes is associated with reduced ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 gene expression, protein and function. PLoS One 2011; 13:254-9. [PMID: 21829447 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e3283522422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing plasma glucose levels are associated with increasing risk of vascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that there is a glycaemia-mediated impairment of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). We studied the influence of plasma glucose on expression and function of a key mediator in RCT, the ATP binding cassette transporter-A1 (ABCA1) and expression of its regulators, liver X receptor-α (LXRα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ). METHODS AND RESULTS Leukocyte ABCA1, LXRα and PPARγ expression was measured by polymerase chain reaction in 63 men with varying degrees of glucose homeostasis. ABCA1 protein concentrations were measured in leukocytes. In a sub-group of 25 men, ABCA1 function was quantified as apolipoprotein-A1-mediated cholesterol efflux from 2-3 week cultured skin fibroblasts. Leukocyte ABCA1 expression correlated negatively with circulating HbA1c and glucose (rho = -0.41, p<0.001; rho = -0.34, p = 0.006 respectively) and was reduced in Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (p = 0.03). Leukocyte ABCA1 protein was lower in T2DM (p = 0.03) and positively associated with plasma HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (rho = 0.34, p = 0.02). Apolipoprotein-A1-mediated cholesterol efflux correlated negatively with fasting glucose (rho = -0.50, p = 0.01) and positively with HDL-C (rho = 0.41, p = 0.02). It was reduced in T2DM compared with controls (p = 0.04). These relationships were independent of LXRα and PPARγ expression. CONCLUSIONS ABCA1 expression and protein concentrations in leukocytes, as well as function in cultured skin fibroblasts, are reduced in T2DM. ABCA1 protein concentration and function are associated with HDL-C levels. These findings indicate a glycaemia-related, persistent disruption of a key component of RCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh C Patel
- Division of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) keratinocytes readily grow, expand in culture, and continuously passage, suggesting either spontaneous immortalisation at the early stage of culture or inherent proliferative capacity. One feature of SCC keratinocytes is genomic DNA rearrangement and single-nucleotide polymorphism studies of fresh frozen primary tumour, early and late passage SCC keratinocytes suggest that these rearrangements are stable in culture and retain the parental tumour lesions. SCC keratinocytes are isolated using standard primary culture techniques and become feeder cell independent with little or no observed "crisis" period. SCC keratinocytes readily form tumours in vivo, which retain histological features of the parental tumour, making them an excellent model for the study and development of cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin J Purdie
- Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Purdie KJ, Pourreyron C, Fassihi H, Cepeda-Valdes R, Frew JW, Volz A, Weissenborn SJ, Pfister H, Proby CM, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Murrell DF, Salas-Alanis JC, McGrath JA, Leigh IM, Harwood CA, South AP. No evidence that human papillomavirus is responsible for the aggressive nature of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa-associated squamous cell carcinoma. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 130:2853-5. [PMID: 20739945 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
22
|
Arita K, Wessagowit V, Inamadar AC, Palit A, Fassihi H, Lai-Cheong JE, Pourreyron C, South AP, McGrath JA. Unusual molecular findings in Kindler syndrome. Br J Dermatol 2007; 157:1252-6. [PMID: 17854379 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Kindler syndrome (KS) is a rare inherited skin disorder with blistering and poikiloderma as its main clinical features. It is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the C20orf42 (KIND1) gene which encodes kindlin-1, an actin cytoskeleton-focal contact-associated protein which is predominantly expressed in keratinocytes. We investigated the molecular basis of KS in a 16-year-old Indian boy who had additional clinical findings, including scleroatrophic changes of the hands and feet, pseudoainhum and early onset of squamous cell carcinoma on his foot. Immunostaining for kindlin-1 in the patient's skin was completely absent and sequencing of C20orf42 (KIND1) genomic DNA showed a homozygous splice-site mutation at the -6 position, IVS9-6T-->A. Amplification and sequencing of cDNA from the skin revealed aberrant splicing with either deletion of exon 10 or deletion of exons 9, 10 and 11, both of which involve loss of the pleckstrin homology domain of kindlin-1 that is thought to play a role in cytoskeletal attachment and integrin-mediated cell signalling. Pathogenic splice-site mutations at the -6 position are unusual and have rarely been reported for any genetic disorder. Collectively, these findings extend the spectrum of clinical and molecular abnormalities in this rare genodermatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Arita
- Genetic Skin Disease Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The Guy's, King's College and St Thomas' School of Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pourreyron C, Cox G, Mao X, Volz A, Baksh N, Wong T, Fassihi H, Arita K, O'Toole EA, Ocampo-Candiani J, Chen M, Hart IR, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Salas-Alanis JC, McGrath JA, Leigh IM, South AP. Patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa develop squamous-cell carcinoma regardless of type VII collagen expression. J Invest Dermatol 2007; 127:2438-44. [PMID: 17495952 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent data suggest that individuals with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) only develop squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) in the presence of the NC1 domain of type VII collagen. This conclusion was based on experimental work in which cryosections of SCCs from 10 people with RDEB all showed positive type VII collagen immunostaining and observations in a murine model of SCC development in which tumors only occurred using keratinocytes from RDEB subjects that expressed detectable levels of the NC1 domain of the type VII collagen protein. To assess whether the clinical interpretation was valid in another cohort of RDEB patients, we examined expression of type VII collagen in 17 SCC tumors excised from 11 patients. Indirect immunofluorescent staining of SCC cryosections and Western blotting of cultured keratinocyte lysates identified two RDEB individuals who did not express detectable levels of type VII collagen. Mutation analysis revealed that these two patients harbor compound heterozygous nonsense mutations within the region of the COL7A1 gene encoding the NC1 domain. These data suggest that individuals with RDEB can develop SCC regardless of type VII collagen expression and that additional factors have a role in explaining the high incidence of tumors complicating this genodermatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celine Pourreyron
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and The London, Queen Mary University of London, Whitechapel, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Marion-Audibert AM, Nejjari M, Pourreyron C, Anderson W, Gouysse G, Jacquier MF, Dumortier J, Scoazec JY. [Effects of endocrine peptides on proliferation, migration and differentiation of human endothelial cells]. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2000; 24:644-8. [PMID: 10962388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to evaluate the effects of several peptides (substance P, VIP, neuropeptide Y, bombesin, glucagon and somatostatin) on the proliferation, migration and differentiation of human endothelial cells and their modulation by an anti-angiogenic factor, endostatin. METHODS Human endothelial cells (HUVEC) were isolated from umbilical veins. Their proliferation was measured by the incorporation of tritiated thymidine. Their migration was evaluated by using an haptotactic assay performed in Boyden chambers, after metabolic labeling of HUVEC through (35) S-methionin. Differentiation was evaluated as the capacity for HUVEC to form capillaries. RESULTS Endothelial cell proliferation was increased by neuropeptide Y, bombesin and glucagon. Somatostatin induced a significant decrease in basal and stimulated endothelial cell proliferation. The migration of HUVEC increased in the presence of substance P, VIP, neuropeptide Y, bombesin, glucagon and somatostatin. The number of capillaries was increased by substance P and VIP and decreased by neuropeptide Y, bombesin and somatostatin. Endostatin induced a significant decrease in endothelial cell proliferation in the basal state and after stimulation by neuropeptide Y and bombesin. Endostatin had no additive effect on the anti-proliferative action of somatostatin. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a role for endocrine peptides in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis. The potent anti-angiogenic effect of somatostatin may promote new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
25
|
Daemi N, Thomasset N, Lissitzky JC, Dumortier J, Jacquier MF, Pourreyron C, Rousselle P, Chayvialle JA, Remy L. Anti-beta4 integrin antibodies enhance migratory and invasive abilities of human colon adenocarcinoma cells and their MMP-2 expression. Int J Cancer 2000; 85:850-6. [PMID: 10709107 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(20000315)85:6<850::aid-ijc19>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Integrin-mediated adhesion of cells to extracellular matrix proteins has been shown to activate various intracellular signaling events. In the present study, we demonstrate that the addition of a monoclonal antibody raised against the beta4 integrin subunit in the culture medium of a clone derived from the colon adenocarcinoma cell line LoVo specifically results in stimulation of cell migration and invasion through reconstituted basement membrane matrices. Moreover, an increase in MMP-2 activity is observed. Conversely, monoclonal anti-alpha6 and anti-beta1 have no effect on MMP-2 expression. The s. c. co-injection of adenocarcinoma cells with antibodies raised against the beta4 integrin subunit to immunosuppressed newborn rats gives rise to tumors displaying altered and disorganized peri-tumoral basement membranes compared with tumors obtained when cells are injected with adenocarcinoma cells alone. Higher metastatic capacity of cells results when they are co-injected with antibodies to the beta4 integrin subunit. Our results suggest that the beta4 subunit of alpha6beta4 integrin, a laminin receptor in colon adenocarcinoma, may be responsible for the specific signals which stimulate cell motility, expression of MMP-2 and tumor invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Daemi
- INSERM U 45, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dumortier J, Ratineau C, Scoazec JY, Pourreyron C, Anderson W, Jacquier MF, Blanc M, Bernard C, Bellaton C, Remy L, Chayvialle JA, Roche C. Site-specific epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in digestive neuroendocrine tumors. An experimental in vivo and in vitro study. Am J Pathol 2000; 156:671-83. [PMID: 10666396 PMCID: PMC1850059 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)64771-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the functional interactions between digestive neuroendocrine tumor cells and their stromal microenvironment. The focus of our study is whether mesenchymal cells modulate peptide expression, cell proliferation, and invasiveness in digestive neuroendocrine tumor cells. We designed an experimental in vivo and in vitro study using the mouse enteroendocrine cell line STC-1. In vivo, STC-1 cells were injected subcutaneously in 18 immunosuppressed newborn rats. At day 21, all animals presented poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumors with lung metastases. Subcutaneous tumors were usually limited by a capsule containing basement membrane components and myofibroblasts that presented a low mitotic index. Lung tumors were devoid of capsule and poor in myofibroblasts, and their mitotic index was high. The profile of peptide expression in STC-1 tumors was different from that of cultured STC-1 cells. In vitro, STC-1 cells were cultured with fibroblasts of different origins, including dermis, lung, digestive tract, and liver. Based on their origin, myofibroblasts differentially modulated hormone synthesis, proliferation, spreading, and adhesion of STC-1 cells. In conclusion, our results show that site-specific functional interactions between mesenchymal and neuroendocrine cells may contribute to modulating the behavior of digestive neuroendocrine tumors, depending on their growth site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Dumortier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité-45, Lyon France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dumortier J, Daemi N, Pourreyron C, Anderson W, Bellaton C, Jacquier MF, Bertrand S, Chayvialle JA, Remy L. Loss of epithelial differentiation markers and acquisition of vimentin expression after xenograft with laminin-1 enhance migratory and invasive abilities of human colon cancer cells LoVo C5. Differentiation 1998; 63:141-50. [PMID: 9697308 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-0436.1998.6330141.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clone C5 of the human colon adenocarcinoma LoVo cell line was subcutaneously injected with or without exogenous laminin-1 (EHS laminin) into immunosuppressed newborn rats. Cultures were initiated from lung metastases obtained with or without laminin-1 and gave rise to the C5 sublines LM and M4, respectively. The LM subline was mainly composed of spreading cells whereas most C5 and M4 cells remained round and aggregated. The mesenchymal marker vimentin was expressed by very rare C5 and M4 cells (< 1%), and by many LM cells (about 35%). On the opposite, the epithelial markers villin and dipeptidylpeptidase IV were well expressed by C5 cells but not by LM cells. In in vitro migration and invasion assays, LM cells migrated and invaded basement membrane extract twice as much as the parental C5 clone and the M4 subline, probably in association with vimentin-expressing cells, because invasion of basement membrane extract Matrigel by LM cells gave rise to 100% vimentin-positive cells (sublines LM 22, LM 23 and LM 24). When subcutaneously injected, C5 cells induced tumors limited by an interrupted but well organized basement membrane, whereas LM cells induced tumor masses, occasionally limited by a very irregular basement membrane, as observed when C5 cells were injected with laminin-1. Gelatin zymographic analysis clearly showed an increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 by LM cells. Our results suggest a specific role of laminin-1 on the in vivo proliferation of highly invasive vimentin-expressing colon carcinoma cells. This proliferation may result from the initial interaction of C5 cells with large amounts of laminin-1, leading to a selection of vimentin-expressing cells during the metastatic cascade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Dumortier
- Inserm U 45, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|