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Zuziak M, Ezzati M. Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; 403:1027-1050. [PMID: 38432237 PMCID: PMC7615769 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. METHODS We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5-19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For school-aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). FINDINGS From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. INTERPRETATION The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesity. FUNDING UK Medical Research Council, UK Research and Innovation (Research England), UK Research and Innovation (Innovate UK), and European Union.
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Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents' growth and development. Nature 2023; 615:874-883. [PMID: 36991188 PMCID: PMC10060164 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1-6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5-19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m-2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified.
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Abstract
For research purposes, protected health information is often redacted from unstructured electronic health records to preserve patient privacy and confidentiality. The OpenDeID corpus is designed to assist development of automatic methods to redact sensitive information from unstructured electronic health records. We retrieved 4548 unstructured surgical pathology reports from four urban Australian hospitals. The corpus was developed by two annotators under three different experimental settings. The quality of the annotations was evaluated for each setting. Specifically, we employed serial annotations, parallel annotations, and pre-annotations. Our results suggest that the pre-annotations approach is not reliable in terms of quality when compared to the serial annotations but can drastically reduce annotation time. The OpenDeID corpus comprises 2,100 pathology reports from 1,833 cancer patients with an average of 737.49 tokens and 7.35 protected health information entities annotated per report. The overall inter annotator agreement and deviation scores are 0.9464 and 0.9726, respectively. Realistic surrogates are also generated to make the corpus suitable for distribution to other researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aipeng Chen
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sean Batongbacal
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Milkowska K, Miller JC, Minderico CS, Mini GK, Miquel JF, Mirjalili MR, Mirkopoulou D, Mirrakhimov E, Mišigoj-Durakovic M, Mistretta A, Mocanu V, Modesti PA, Moghaddam SS, Mohajer B, Mohamed MK, Mohamed SF, Mohammad K, Mohammadi Z, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohan V, Mohanna S, Yusoff MFM, Mohebbi I, Mohebi F, Moitry M, Molbo D, Møllehave LT, Møller NC, Molnár D, Momenan A, Mondo CK, Monroy-Valle M, Monterrubio-Flores E, Monyeki KDK, Moon JS, Moosazadeh M, Moreira LB, Morejon A, Moreno LA, Morgan K, Morin SN, Mortensen EL, Moschonis G, Mossakowska M, Mostafa A, Mota-Pinto A, Mota J, Motlagh ME, Motta J, Moura-dos-Santos MA, Mridha MK, Msyamboza KP, Mu TT, Muc M, Mugoša B, Muiesan ML, Mukhtorova P, Müller-Nurasyid M, Murphy N, Mursu J, Murtagh EM, Musa KI, Milanovic SM, Musil V, Mustafa N, Nabipour I, Naderimagham S, Nagel G, Naidu BM, Najafi F, Nakamura H, Námešná J, Ei K Nang E, Nangia VB, Nankap M, Narake S, Nardone P, Nauck M, Neal WA, Nejatizadeh A, Nekkantti C, Nelis K, 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SR, Zamani F, Zambon S, Zampelas A, Zamrazilová H, Zapata ME, Zargar AH, Ko Zaw K, Zdrojewski T, Zejglicova K, Vrkic TZ, Zeng Y, Zhang L, Zhang ZY, Zhao D, Zhao MH, Zhao W, Zhen S, Zheng W, Zheng Y, Zholdin B, Zhou M, Zhu D, Zins M, Zitt E, Zocalo Y, Cisneros JZ, Zuziak M, Ezzati M, Filippi S. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight. eLife 2021; 10:e60060. [PMID: 33685583 PMCID: PMC7943191 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nayu Ikeda
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
| | | | | | | | - Jing Liu
- Capital Medical University Beijing An Zhen Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shoaib Afzal
- University of Copenhagen
- Copenhagen University Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ali Ahmadi
- Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | - Kamel Ajlouni
- National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eman Aly
- World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
| | | | - Parisa Amiri
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joana Araújo
- Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shina Avi
- Tel-Aviv University
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Abdul Basit
- Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Judith Benedics
- Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongsheng Bi
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yufang Bi
- Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - João Breda
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe
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- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Angela Chetrit
- The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research
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- Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rachel Dankner
- The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research
| | | | | | | | - Luc Dauchet
- University of Lille
- Lille University Hospital
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- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anar Dushpanova
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Günther Fink
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute
- University of Basel
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- World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mihai Gafencu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marcel Goldberg
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- Paris University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yin Guo
- Capital Medical University Beijing Tongren Hospital
| | | | - Rajeev Gupta
- Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jie Hao
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuan He
- National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning
| | - Yuna He
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ana Henriques
- Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto
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- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel
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- French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joanne Katz
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Roya Kelishadi
- Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Slawomir Koziel
- PASs Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy
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- French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development
| | - Vera Lanska
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lijuan Liu
- Capital Medical University Beijing Tongren Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xu Ma
- National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefania Maggi
- Institute of Neuroscience of the National Research Council
| | | | | | | | | | - Bernard Maire
- French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development
| | | | | | - Päivi Mäki
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaume Marrugat
- CIBERCV
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques
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- Capital Institute of Pediatrics
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - GK Mini
- Women’s Social and Health Studies Foundation
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- University of Strasbourg
- Strasbourg University Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jorge Motta
- Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jana Námešná
- Banska Bystrica Regional Authority of Public Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Keiu Nelis
- National Institute for Health Development
| | - Liis Nelis
- National Institute for Health Development
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yury P Nikitin
- SB RAS Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics
| | - Guang Ning
- Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Marianna Noale
- Institute of Neuroscience of the National Research Council
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eha Nurk
- National Institute for Health Development
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kyungwon Oh
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | | | - Claes Ohlsson
- University of Gothenburg
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital
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- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network
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- IRCCS Ente Ospedaliero Specializzato in Gastroenterologia S. de Bellis
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- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | | | | | - Ionela M Pascanu
- University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mures
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- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS
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- University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mures
| | | | - Miquel Porta
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques
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- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara
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- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences
| | | | | | - Ivo Rakovac
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe
| | | | | | | | | | - Rafel Ramos
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol
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- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paola Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences of the National Research Council
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nader Saki
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Savvas Savva
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health
| | - Mathilde Savy
- French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development
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- University of New South Wales
- The George Institute for Global Health
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- Center for Oral Health Services and Research Mid-Norway
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- Institute of Food Sciences of the National Research Council
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Liam Smeeth
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
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- Institute of Public Health
- Ss. Cyril and Methodius University
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- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lucjan Szponar
- National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pierre Traissac
- French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development
| | | | | | | | - Oanh TH Trinh
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gilad Twig
- Tel-Aviv University
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | | | | | | | | | - Eunice Ugel
- Universidad Centro-Occidental Lisandro Alvarado
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anette Varbo
- Copenhagen University Hospital
- University of Copenhagen
| | | | | | | | - Tomas Vega
- Consejería de Sanidad Junta de Castilla y León
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lucie Viet
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ningli Wang
- Capital Medical University Beijing Tongren Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Adelheid Weber
- Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bogdan Wojtyniak
- National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean Woo
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Jianfeng Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | | | | | - Haiquan Xu
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
| | - Liang Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology
| | | | | | - Weili Yan
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University
| | | | | | - Yang Yang
- Shanghai Educational Development Co. Ltd
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Zeng
- Peking University
- Duke University
| | | | | | - Dong Zhao
- Capital Medical University Beijing An Zhen Hospital
| | | | - Wenhua Zhao
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Shiqi Zhen
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | | | | | | | - Maigeng Zhou
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Dan Zhu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University
| | - Marie Zins
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- Paris University
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5
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Dai HJ, Lee YQ, Nekkantti C, Jonnagaddala J. Family History Information Extraction With Neural Attention and an Enhanced Relation-Side Scheme: Algorithm Development and Validation. JMIR Med Inform 2020; 8:e21750. [PMID: 33258777 PMCID: PMC7738250 DOI: 10.2196/21750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying and extracting family history information (FHI) from clinical reports are significant for recognizing disease susceptibility. However, FHI is usually described in a narrative manner within patients' electronic health records, which requires the application of natural language processing technologies to automatically extract such information to provide more comprehensive patient-centered information to physicians. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to overcome the 2 main challenges observed in previous research focusing on FHI extraction. One is the requirement to develop postprocessing rules to infer the member and side information of family mentions. The other is to efficiently utilize intrasentence and intersentence information to assist FHI extraction. METHODS We formulated the task as a sequential labeling problem and propose an enhanced relation-side scheme that encodes the required family member properties to not only eliminate the need for postprocessing rules but also relieve the insufficient training instance issues. Moreover, an attention-based neural network structure was proposed to exploit cross-sentence information to identify FHI and its attributes requiring cross-sentence inference. RESULTS The dataset released by the 2019 n2c2/OHNLP family history extraction task was used to evaluate the performance of the proposed methods. We started by comparing the performance of the traditional neural sequence models with the ordinary scheme and enhanced scheme. Next, we studied the effectiveness of the proposed attention-enhanced neural networks by comparing their performance with that of the traditional networks. It was observed that, with the enhanced scheme, the recall of the neural network can be improved, leading to an increase in the F score of 0.024. The proposed neural attention mechanism enhanced both the recall and precision and resulted in an improved F score of 0.807, which was ranked fourth in the shared task. CONCLUSIONS We presented an attention-based neural network along with an enhanced tag scheme that enables the neural network model to learn and interpret the implicit relationship and side information of the recognized family members across sentences without relying on heuristic rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Dai
- College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - You-Qian Lee
- College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | | | - Jitendra Jonnagaddala
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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6
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Chen A, Jonnagaddala J, Nekkantti C, Liaw ST. Generation of Surrogates for De-Identification of Electronic Health Records. Stud Health Technol Inform 2019; 264:70-73. [PMID: 31437887 DOI: 10.3233/shti190185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Unstructured electronic health records are valuable resources for research. Before they are shared with researchers, protected health information needs to be removed from these unstructured documents to protect patient privacy. The main steps involved in removing protected health information are accurately identifying sensitive information in the documents and removing the identified information. To keep the documents as realistic as possible, the step of omitting sensitive information is often followed by replacement of identified sensitive information with surrogates. In this study, we present an algorithm to generate surrogates for unstructured electronic health records. We used this algorithm to generate realistic surrogates on a Health Science Alliance corpus, which is constructed specifically for the use of development of automated de-identification systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aipeng Chen
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Australia
| | - Jitendra Jonnagaddala
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Australia.,WHO Collaborating Centre for eHealth, UNSW Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Siaw-Teng Liaw
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Australia.,WHO Collaborating Centre for eHealth, UNSW Sydney, Australia
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