1
|
Chang Y, Blanton SJ, Andraos R, Nguyen VS, Liotta CL, Schork FJ, Sievers C. Kinetic Phenomena in Mechanochemical Depolymerization of Poly(styrene). ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2024; 12:178-191. [PMID: 38213546 PMCID: PMC10777454 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c05296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic polyolefinic plastics comprise one of the largest shares of global plastic waste, which is being targeted for chemical recycling by depolymerization to monomers and small molecules. One promising method of chemical recycling is solid-state depolymerization under ambient conditions in a ball-mill reactor. In this paper, we elucidate kinetic phenomena in the mechanochemical depolymerization of poly(styrene). Styrene is produced in this process at a constant rate and selectivity alongside minor products, including oxygenates like benzaldehyde, via mechanisms analogous to those involved in thermal and oxidative pyrolysis. Continuous monomer removal during reactor operation is critical for avoiding repolymerization, and promoting effects are exhibited by iron surfaces and molecular oxygen. Kinetic independence between depolymerization and molecular weight reduction was observed, despite both processes originating from the same driving force of mechanochemical collisions. Phenomena across multiple length scales are shown to be responsible for differences in reactivity due to differences in grinding parameters and reactant composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Chang
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Sylvie J. Blanton
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ralph Andraos
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Van Son Nguyen
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - F. Joseph Schork
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Carsten Sievers
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yi R, Mojica M, Fahrenbach AC, James Cleaves H, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL. Carbonyl Migration in Uronates Affords a Potential Prebiotic Pathway for Pentose Production. JACS Au 2023; 3:2522-2535. [PMID: 37772180 PMCID: PMC10523364 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate biosynthesis is fundamental to modern terrestrial biochemistry, but how this collection of metabolic pathways originated remains an open question. Prebiotic sugar synthesis has focused primarily on the formose reaction and Kiliani-Fischer homologation; however, how they can transition to extant biochemical pathways has not been studied. Herein, a nonenzymatic pathway for pentose production with similar chemical transformations as those of the pentose phosphate pathway is demonstrated. Starting from a C6 aldonate, namely, gluconate, nonselective chemical oxidation yields a mixture of 2-oxo-, 4-oxo-, 5-oxo-, and 6-oxo-uronate regioisomers. Regardless at which carbinol the oxidation takes place, carbonyl migration enables β-decarboxylation to yield pentoses. In comparison, the pentose phosphate pathway selectively oxidizes 6-phosphogluconate to afford the 3-oxo-uronate derivative, which undergoes facile subsequent β-decarboxylation and carbonyl migration to afford ribose 5-phosphate. The similarities between these two pathways and the potential implications for prebiotic chemistry and protometabolism are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqin Yi
- Earth-Life
Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-IE-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Mike Mojica
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute
of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Albert C. Fahrenbach
- School
of Chemistry, Australian Centre for Astrobiology and the UNSW RNA
Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - H. James Cleaves
- Blue
Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington 98154, United States
| | | | - Charles L. Liotta
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute
of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yi R, Kern R, Pollet P, Lin H, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL. Erythrose and Threose: Carbonyl Migrations, Epimerizations, Aldol, and Oxidative Fragmentation Reactions under Plausible Prebiotic Conditions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202816. [PMID: 36367459 PMCID: PMC10107292 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The prebiotic generation of sugars in the context of origins of life studies is of considerable interest. Among the important intramolecular processes of sugars are carbonyl migrations and accompanying epimerizations. Herein we describe the carbonyl migration-epimerization process occurring down the entire carbon chain of chirally pure d-tetroses sugars under mild conditions. Employing chirally pure 1-13 C-erythrose, 4-13 C-erythrose and 1-13 C-threose, we (1) identify all the species formed as the carbonyl migrates down the four-carbon chain and (2) assess the rates associated with the production of each of these species. Competing aldol reactions and oxidative fragmentation processes were also observed. Further observations of self-condensation of glycolaldehyde mainly yielding 2-keto-hexoses (sorbose and tagatose) and tetrulose also provides a basis for understanding the effect of carbonyl migrations on the product distribution in plausible prebiotic scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqin Yi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA.,Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-IE-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Ryan Kern
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA
| | - Huacan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
| | | | - Charles L Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
C M, Frenkel-Pinter M, Smith KH, Rivera-Santana VF, Sargon AB, Jacobson KC, Guzman-Martinez A, Williams LD, Leman LJ, Liotta CL, Grover MA, Hud NV. Water-Based Dynamic Depsipeptide Chemistry: Building Block Recycling and Oligomer Distribution Control Using Hydration-Dehydration Cycles. JACS Au 2022; 2:1395-1404. [PMID: 35783166 PMCID: PMC9241005 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The high kinetic barrier to amide bond formation has historically placed narrow constraints on its utility in reversible chemistry applications. Slow kinetics has limited the use of amides for the generation of diverse combinatorial libraries and selection of target molecules. Current strategies for peptide-based dynamic chemistries require the use of nonpolar co-solvents or catalysts or the incorporation of functional groups that facilitate dynamic chemistry between peptides. In light of these limitations, we explored the use of depsipeptides: biorelevant copolymers of amino and hydroxy acids that would circumvent the challenges associated with dynamic peptide chemistry. Here, we describe a model system of N-(α-hydroxyacyl)-amino acid building blocks that reversibly polymerize to form depsipeptides when subjected to two-step evaporation-rehydration cycling under moderate conditions. The hydroxyl groups of these units allow for dynamic ester chemistry between short peptide segments through unmodified carboxyl termini. Selective recycling of building blocks is achieved by exploiting the differential hydrolytic lifetimes of depsipeptide amide and ester bonds, which we show are controllable by adjusting the solution pH, temperature, and time as well as the building blocks' side chains. We demonstrate that the polymerization and breakdown of the depsipeptides are facilitated by cyclic morpholinedione intermediates, and further show how structural properties dictate half-lives and product oligomer distributions using multifunctional building blocks. These results establish a cyclic mode of ester-based reversible depsipeptide formation that temporally separates the polymerization and depolymerization steps for the building blocks and may have implications for prebiotic polymer chemical evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin C
- NSF/NASA
Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Moran Frenkel-Pinter
- NSF/NASA
Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kelvin H. Smith
- NSF/NASA
Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | - Alyssa B. Sargon
- NSF/NASA
Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kaitlin C. Jacobson
- NSF/NASA
Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | - Loren Dean Williams
- NSF/NASA
Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Luke J. Leman
- NSF/NASA
Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- NSF/NASA
Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Martha A. Grover
- NSF/NASA
Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Nicholas V. Hud
- NSF/NASA
Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sarngadharan SC, Aronson J, Gelbaum C, Griffith K, Faris J, Moihdeen AB, Patel M, Malone M, Richman K, Eckert CA, Liotta CL, Pollet P. Synthesis of 5-Substituted Tetrazoles: Reaction of Azide Salts with Organonitriles Catalyzed by Trialkylammonium Salts in Non-polar Media. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarath C. Sarngadharan
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Josh Aronson
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Carol Gelbaum
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kris Griffith
- American Pacific Corporation, Cedar City, Utah 84271, United States
| | - Jonathan Faris
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Azhar B. Moihdeen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Mikhil Patel
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Maryellen Malone
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kent Richman
- American Pacific Corporation, Cedar City, Utah 84271, United States
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
McKenna KR, Clowers BH, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL, Fernández FM. Separations of Carbohydrates with Noncovalent Shift Reagents by Frequency-Modulated Ion Mobility-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2021; 32:2472-2480. [PMID: 34351139 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
An increased focus on characterizing the structural heterogeneity of carbohydrates has been driven by their many significant roles in extant life and potential roles in chemical evolution and the origin of life. In this work, multiplexed drift tube ion mobility-Orbitrap mass spectrometry methods were developed to analyze mixtures of disaccharides modified with noncovalent shift reagents. Since traditional coupling of atmospheric pressure drift tube ion mobility cells with Orbitrap mass analyzers suffers from low duty cycles (<0.1%), a frequency modulation scheme was applied to improve the signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Several parameters such as the resolution setting and maximum injection time of the Orbitrap analyzer and the magnitude and duration of the frequency sweep were investigated for their impact on the sensitivity gains and resolution of disaccharide-shift reagent adducts. The sweep time and disaccharide concentration had a positive correlation with SNR. The magnitude of the frequency sweep had a negative correlation with SNR. However, increasing the frequency sweep improved the resolution of mixtures of disaccharide analytes. Application of frequency-modulated ion mobility-Orbitrap mass spectrometry to four noncovalently modified glucose dimers allowed for the differentiation of three out of these four analytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian H Clowers
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
McKenna KR, Li L, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL, Fernández FM. Organic acid shift reagents for the discrimination of carbohydrate isobars by ion mobility-mass spectrometry. Analyst 2020; 145:8008-8015. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01546f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Traveling wave and drift tube ion mobility were utilized to separate isomeric disaccharides. Organic acid shift reagents were necessary to increase the resolution of these separations for mixture analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin R. McKenna
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
| | - Li Li
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
| | | | - Charles L. Liotta
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun Y, Frenkel-Pinter M, Liotta CL, Grover MA. The pH dependent mechanisms of non-enzymatic peptide bond cleavage reactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:107-113. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05240b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Peptide cleavage can occur through scission and backbiting, depending on the pH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
| | - Moran Frenkel-Pinter
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- USA
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry
| | - Martha A. Grover
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pollet P, Samanta S, Apkarian RP, Gelbaum L, Leisen J, Kitchens CL, Griffith K, Richman K, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. CO 2 Promoted Gel Formation of Hydrazine, Monomethylhydrazine, and Ethylenediamine: Structures and Properties. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Susnata Samanta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Robert P. Apkarian
- Integrated Microscopy & Microanalytical Facility, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Leslie Gelbaum
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Johannes Leisen
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Christopher L. Kitchens
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Kris Griffith
- American Pacific Corporation, Cedar City, Utah 84721, United States
| | - Kent Richman
- American Pacific Corporation, Cedar City, Utah 84721, United States
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Z, Li L, McKenna KR, Schmidt M, Pollet P, Gelbaum L, Fernández FM, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL. The Oligomerization of Glucose Under Plausible Prebiotic Conditions. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2019; 49:225-240. [PMID: 31792744 DOI: 10.1007/s11084-019-09588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The prebiotic origin of polysaccharides, the largest class of biopolymers by mass in extant biology, has seldom been investigated experimentally. Herein, we report on the acid-catalyzed condensation of aqueous solutions of glucose, a model monosaccharide, under plausible prebiotic conditions employing a wet-dry (night-day) protocol with 0.01 M HCl at 50 °C. This protocol leads to the formation of oligosaccharides containing up to eight monomeric units identified by high resolution mass spectrometry. The regio- and stereochemistry of the oligomeric acetal linkages, as well as the quantitative analysis of glucose conversion, are elucidated by combining 1H, 13C and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Ten out of eleven possible acetal linkages, including α- and β- anomers, have been identified with the α- and β- 1,6-acetals being the dominant linkages observed. In addition, the acid-catalyzed oligomerization of several glucose disaccharides such as cellobiose, maltose, and gentiobiose are presented along with an accompanying comparison with the corresponding oligomerization of glucose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Alexandria, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Li Li
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Alexandria, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Kristin R McKenna
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Alexandria, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Merranda Schmidt
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Alexandria, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Ripon College, Ripon, WI, 54971, USA
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Alexandria, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Leslie Gelbaum
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Facundo M Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Alexandria, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Alexandria, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Charles L Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Alexandria, GA, 30332, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu R, Jocz JN, Wiest LK, Sarngadharan SC, Milina M, Coleman JS, Iaccino LL, Pollet P, Sievers C, Liotta CL. Cyclopentadiene Dimerization Kinetics in the Presence of C5 Alkenes and Alkadienes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b04018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jennifer N. Jocz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Lisa K. Wiest
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Sarath C. Sarngadharan
- School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Maria Milina
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 4500 Bayway Drive, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | - John S. Coleman
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 4500 Bayway Drive, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | - Larry L. Iaccino
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 4500 Bayway Drive, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Carsten Sievers
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sarngadharan SC, Mohammed F, Conley M, Eldridge H, Anwar Y, Nursey D, Faris J, Malone M, Cogen JM, Chaudhary BI, Eckert CA, Pollet P, Liotta CL. “110th Anniversary:” Interactions of Bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) Peroxide with the Secondary Antioxidant Bis(octadecyloxycarbonylethyl) Sulfide: Mechanistic Studies Conducted in Dodecane as a Model System for Polyethylene. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarath C. Sarngadharan
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 911 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Fiaz Mohammed
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Mark Conley
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Harris Eldridge
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Yusra Anwar
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Derek Nursey
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Jonathan Faris
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Maryellen Malone
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Cogen
- Dow, Inc., 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | | | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 911 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 911 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 911 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
McKenna KR, Li L, Baker AG, Ujma J, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL, Fernández FM. Carbohydrate isomer resolutionviamulti-site derivatization cyclic ion mobility-mass spectrometry. Analyst 2019; 144:7220-7226. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01584a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic ion mobility-tandem mass spectrometry enhances the separation and identification of small carbohydrate isomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin R. McKenna
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | - Li Li
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | | | | | | | - Charles L. Liotta
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ward G, Liotta CL, Krishnamurthy R, France S. Base-Mediated Cascade Aldol Addition and Fragmentation Reactions of Dihydroxyfumaric Acid and Aromatic Aldehydes: Controlling Chemodivergence via Choice of Base, Solvent, and Substituents. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14219-14233. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- George Ward
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | - Stefan France
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yadav M, Liotta CL, Krishnamurthy R. Effect of temperature modulations on TEMPO-mediated regioselective oxidation of unprotected carbohydrates and nucleosides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2759-2765. [PMID: 29433926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective oxidation of unprotected and partially protected oligosaccharides is a much sought-after goal. Herein, we report a notable improvement in the efficiency of TEMPO-catalyzed oxidation by modulating the temperature of the reaction. Mono-, di-, and tri-saccharides are oxidized regioselectively in yields of 75 to 92%. The present method is simple to implement and is also applicable for selective oxidations of other mono- and poly-hydroxy compounds including unprotected and partially protected nucleosides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahipal Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States; NSF-NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Charles L Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States; NSF-NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States.
| | - Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States; NSF-NASA Center for Chemical Evolution, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li L, McKenna KR, Li Z, Yadav M, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL, Fernández FM. Rapid resolution of carbohydrate isomers via multi-site derivatization ion mobility-mass spectrometry. Analyst 2018; 143:949-955. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an01796k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Identifying small sugar isomers can be challenging by ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) alone due to their small collision cross section differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | - Kristin R. McKenna
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | - Zhao Li
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | - Mahipal Yadav
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Charles L. Liotta
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- NSF/NASA Center for Chemical Evolution
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Aw A, Fritz M, Napoline JW, Pollet P, Liotta CL. Continuous Flow Chemistry: Reaction of Diphenyldiazomethane with p-Nitrobenzoic Acid. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 29286370 DOI: 10.3791/56608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous flow technology has been identified as instrumental for its environmental and economic advantages leveraging superior mixing, heat transfer and cost savings through the "scaling out" strategy as opposed to the traditional "scaling up". Herein, we report the reaction of diphenyldiazomethane with p-nitrobenzoic acid in both batch and flow modes. To effectively transfer the reaction from batch to flow mode, it is essential to first conduct the reaction in batch. As a consequence, the reaction of diphenyldiazomethane was first studied in batch as a function of temperature, reaction time, and concentration to obtain kinetic information and process parameters. The glass flow reactor set-up is described and combines two types of reaction modules with "mixing" and "linear" microstructures. Finally, the reaction of diphenyldiazomethane with p-nitrobenzoic acid was successfully conducted in the flow reactor, with up to 95% conversion of the diphenyldiazomethane in 11 min. This proof of concept reaction aims to provide insight for scientists to consider flow technology's competitiveness, sustainability, and versatility in their research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Aw
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology
| | - Marshall Fritz
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology
| | | | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology;
| | - Charles L Liotta
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yerabolu JR, Liotta CL, Krishnamurthy R. Anchimeric‐Assisted Spontaneous Hydrolysis of Cyanohydrins Under Ambient Conditions: Implications for Cyanide‐Initiated Selective Transformations. Chemistry 2017; 23:8756-8765. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayasudhan Reddy Yerabolu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- NSF-NASA Center for Chemical Evolution Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Charles L Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
- NSF-NASA Center for Chemical Evolution Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- NSF-NASA Center for Chemical Evolution Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Conley M, Mojica M, Mohammed F, Chen K, Napoline JW, Pollet P, Wang J, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL. Reaction of glycine with glyoxylate: Competing transaminations, aldol reactions, and decarboxylations. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Conley
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Mike Mojica
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Fiaz Mohammed
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Jonathan W. Napoline
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Jackson State University; Jackson MS 39217 USA
| | | | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li Z, Gelbaum C, Campbell ZS, Gould PC, Fisk JS, Holden B, Jaganathan A, Whiteker GT, Pollet P, Liotta CL. Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki coupling reactions of aryl halides containing basic nitrogen centers with arylboronic acids in water in the absence of added base. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03567e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Successful Suzuki reactions of basic nitrogen containing aryl chlorides/bromides with arylboronic acids in water without added base, partially or entirely under acidic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Carol Gelbaum
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Zachary S. Campbell
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Paul C. Gould
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li Z, Gelbaum C, Fisk JS, Holden B, Jaganathan A, Whiteker GT, Pollet P, Liotta CL. Aqueous Suzuki Coupling Reactions of Basic Nitrogen-Containing Substrates in the Absence of Added Base and Ligand: Observation of High Yields under Acidic Conditions. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8520-9. [PMID: 27559749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of aqueous heterogeneous Suzuki coupling reactions of substrates containing basic nitrogen centers with phenylboronic acid in the absence of added base and ligand is presented. High yields of products were obtained by employing aryl bromides containing aliphatic 1°, 2°, and 3° amine substituents, and good to high yields were obtained by employing a variety of substituted bromopyridines. In the former series, the pH of the aqueous phase changed from basic to acidic during the course of the reaction, while in the latter series the aqueous phase was on the acidic side of the pH scale throughout the entire course of reaction. A mechanistic interpretation for these observations, which generally preserves the oxo palladium catalytic cycle widely accepted in the literature, is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Carol Gelbaum
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jason S Fisk
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Bruce Holden
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | | | | | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Charles L Liotta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li Z, Gelbaum C, Heaner WL, Fisk J, Jaganathan A, Holden B, Pollet P, Liotta CL. Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Reactions in Water with No Added Ligand: Effects of Reaction Scale, Temperature, pH of Aqueous Phase, and Substrate Structure. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Carol Gelbaum
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - William L. Heaner
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jason Fisk
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | | | - Bruce Holden
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Conley ML, Mohammed FS, Winslow C, Eldridge H, Cogen JM, Chaudhary BI, Pollet P, Liotta CL. Mechanism of Acid-Catalyzed Decomposition of Dicumyl Peroxide in Dodecane: Intermediacy of Cumene Hydroperoxide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jeffrey M. Cogen
- The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Bharat I. Chaudhary
- The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Butch CJ, Wang J, Gu J, Vindas R, Crowe J, Pollet P, Gelbaum L, Leszczynski J, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL. pH‐controlled reaction divergence of decarboxylation versus fragmentation in reactions of dihydroxyfumarate with glyoxylate and formaldehyde: parallels to biological pathways. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Butch
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Jackson State University Jackson MS 39217 USA
| | - Jiande Gu
- Drug Design & Discovery Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Rebeca Vindas
- Department of Chemistry Georgia State University Atlanta GA 30302 USA
| | - Jacob Crowe
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Leslie Gelbaum
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Jerzy Leszczynski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Jackson State University Jackson MS 39217 USA
| | | | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Aponte-Guzmán J, Shenje R, Huang Y, Woodham WH, Saunders SR, Mostaghimi SM, Flack KR, Pollet P, Eckert CA, Liotta CL, France S. A Tandem, Bicatalytic Continuous Flow Cyclopropanation-Homo-Nazarov-Type Cyclization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Aponte-Guzmán
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Raynold Shenje
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Yong Huang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Wesley H. Woodham
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Steven R. Saunders
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Sina M. Mostaghimi
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Kyle R. Flack
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- Specialty
Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
- Specialty
Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
- Specialty
Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Stefan France
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- Petit
Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Huang Y, Ureña-Benavides EE, Boigny AJ, Campbell ZS, Mohammed FS, Fisk JS, Holden B, Eckert CA, Pollet P, Liotta CL. Butadiene sulfone as ‘volatile’, recyclable dipolar, aprotic solvent for conducting substitution and cycloaddition reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1186/s40508-015-0040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
27
|
Mohammed FS, Conley M, Rumple AC, Saunders SR, Switzer J, Urena-Benavides E, Jha R, Cogen JM, Chaudhary BI, Pollet P, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. Enhanced thermal stabilization and reduced color formation of plasticized Poly(vinyl chloride) using zinc and calcium salts of 11-maleimideoundecanoic acid. Polym Degrad Stab 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
28
|
Mohammed FS, Conley M, Saunders SR, Switzer J, Jha R, Cogen JM, Chaudhary BI, Pollet P, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. Epoxidized linolenic acid salts as multifunctional additives for the thermal stability of plasticized PVC. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiaz S. Mohammed
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
- Specialty Separations Center; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Mark Conley
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
- Specialty Separations Center; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Steven R. Saunders
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
- Specialty Separations Center; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Jackson Switzer
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
- Specialty Separations Center; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Rani Jha
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; 911 Atlantic Dr Atlanta Georgia 30332
- Specialty Separations Center; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Jeffrey M. Cogen
- Dow Elastomers, Electrical and Telecommunications R&D; The Dow Chemical Company; 400 Arcola Road Collegeville Pennsylvania 19426
| | - Bharat I. Chaudhary
- Dow Elastomers, Electrical and Telecommunications R&D; The Dow Chemical Company; 400 Arcola Road Collegeville Pennsylvania 19426
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; 911 Atlantic Dr Atlanta Georgia 30332
- Specialty Separations Center; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; 911 Atlantic Dr Atlanta Georgia 30332
- Specialty Separations Center; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; 911 Atlantic Dr Atlanta Georgia 30332
- Specialty Separations Center; Georgia Institute of Technology; 311 Ferst St Atlanta Georgia 30332-0100
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Butch C, Cope ED, Pollet P, Gelbaum L, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL. Correction to “Production of Tartrates by Cyanide-Mediated Dimerization of Glyoxylate: A Potential Abiotic Pathway to the Citric Acid Cycle”. J Am Chem Soc 2014. [PMCID: PMC4144418 DOI: 10.1021/ja5071619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
30
|
Pollet P, Ethier AL, Senter JC, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. High-pressure sapphire cell for phase equilibria measurements of CO2/organic/water systems. J Vis Exp 2014:e51378. [PMID: 24513642 DOI: 10.3791/51378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The high pressure sapphire cell apparatus was constructed to visually determine the composition of multiphase systems without physical sampling. Specifically, the sapphire cell enables visual data collection from multiple loadings to solve a set of material balances to precisely determine phase composition. Ternary phase diagrams can then be established to determine the proportion of each component in each phase at a given condition. In principle, any ternary system can be studied although ternary systems (gas-liquid-liquid) are the specific examples discussed herein. For instance, the ternary THF-Water-CO2 system was studied at 25 and 40 °C and is described herein. Of key importance, this technique does not require sampling. Circumventing the possible disturbance of the system equilibrium upon sampling, inherent measurement errors, and technical difficulties of physically sampling under pressure is a significant benefit of this technique. Perhaps as important, the sapphire cell also enables the direct visual observation of the phase behavior. In fact, as the CO2 pressure is increased, the homogeneous THF-Water solution phase splits at about 2 MPa. With this technique, it was possible to easily and clearly observe the cloud point and determine the composition of the newly formed phases as a function of pressure. The data acquired with the sapphire cell technique can be used for many applications. In our case, we measured swelling and composition for tunable solvents, like gas-expanded liquids, gas-expanded ionic liquids and Organic Aqueous Tunable Systems (OATS)(1-4). For the latest system, OATS, the high-pressure sapphire cell enabled the study of (1) phase behavior as a function of pressure and temperature, (2) composition of each phase (gas-liquid-liquid) as a function of pressure and temperature and (3) catalyst partitioning in the two liquid phases as a function of pressure and composition. Finally, the sapphire cell is an especially effective tool to gather accurate and reproducible measurements in a timely fashion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Senter C, Rumple A, Medina-Ramos W, Houle D, Cheng Z, Gelbaum C, Fisk J, Holden B, Pollet P, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. The effects of CO2 pressure and pH on the Suzuki coupling of basic nitrogen containing substrates. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:7598-602. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01630k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Suzuki coupling reaction of basic nitrogen containing substrates (2-bromo- and 2-chloro-4-aminopyridine, and 2-bromo and 2-chloropyridine) with phenylboronic acid using Pd(TPP)2Cl2/K3PO4 in acetonitrile–water biphasic solvent systems under a CO2 or a N2 atmosphere is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Senter
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
| | - A. Rumple
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
| | - W. Medina-Ramos
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
| | - D. Houle
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
| | - Z. Cheng
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
| | - C. Gelbaum
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
| | - J. Fisk
- Dow Chemical Company
- Midland, USA
| | | | - P. Pollet
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
| | - C. A. Eckert
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Switzer JR, Ethier AL, Hart EC, Flack KM, Rumple AC, Donaldson JC, Bembry AT, Scott OM, Biddinger EJ, Talreja M, Song MG, Pollet P, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of nonaqueous silylamines for efficient CO2 capture. ChemSusChem 2014; 7:299-307. [PMID: 24203891 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201300438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of silylated amines have been synthesized for use as reversible ionic liquids in the application of post-combustion carbon capture. We describe a molecular design process aimed at influencing industrially relevant carbon capture properties, such as viscosity, temperature of reversal, and enthalpy of regeneration, while maximizing the overall CO2 -capture capacity. A strong structure-property relationship among the silylamines is demonstrated in which minor structural modifications lead to significant changes in the bulk properties of the reversible ionic liquid formed from reaction with CO2 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jackson R Switzer
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Butch C, Cope ED, Pollet P, Gelbaum L, Krishnamurthy R, Liotta CL. Production of tartrates by cyanide-mediated dimerization of glyoxylate: a potential abiotic pathway to the citric acid cycle. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:13440-5. [PMID: 23914725 PMCID: PMC3777280 DOI: 10.1021/ja405103r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An abiotic formation of meso- and DL-tartrates in 80% yield via the cyanide-catalyzed dimerization of glyoxylate under alkaline conditions is demonstrated. A detailed mechanism for this conversion is proposed, supported by NMR evidence and (13)C-labeled reactions. Simple dehydration of tartrates to oxaloacetate and an ensuing decarboxylation to form pyruvate are known processes that provide a ready feedstock for entry into the citric acid cycle. While glyoxylate and high hydroxide concentration are atypical in the prebiotic literature, there is evidence for natural, abiotic availability of each. It is proposed that this availability, coupled with the remarkable efficiency of tartrate production from glyoxylate, merits consideration of an alternative prebiotic pathway for providing constituents of the citric acid cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Butch
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Switzer JR, Ethier AL, Flack KM, Biddinger EJ, Gelbaum L, Pollet P, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. Reversible Ionic Liquid Stabilized Carbamic Acids: A Pathway Toward Enhanced CO2 Capture. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie4018836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jackson R. Switzer
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Amy L. Ethier
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kyle M. Flack
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Elizabeth J. Biddinger
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Leslie Gelbaum
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Heaner IV WL, Gelbaum CS, Gelbaum L, Pollet P, Richman KW, DuBay W, Butler JD, Wells G, Liotta CL. Indoles via Knoevenagel–Hemetsberger reaction sequence. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42296h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
|
36
|
Gonzalez-Miquel M, Talreja M, Ethier AL, Flack K, Switzer JR, Biddinger EJ, Pollet P, Palomar J, Rodriguez F, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. COSMO-RS Studies: Structure–Property Relationships for CO2 Capture by Reversible Ionic Liquids. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie302449c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gonzalez-Miquel
- Departamento de Ingeniería
Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jose Palomar
- Sección de Ingeniería
Química (Departamento de Química Física Aplicada), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid,
Spain
| | - Francisco Rodriguez
- Departamento de Ingeniería
Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rohan AL, Switzer JR, Flack KM, Hart RJ, Sivaswamy S, Biddinger EJ, Talreja M, Verma M, Faltermeier S, Nielsen PT, Pollet P, Schuette GF, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. The synthesis and the chemical and physical properties of non-aqueous silylamine solvents for carbon dioxide capture. ChemSusChem 2012; 5:2181-2187. [PMID: 22927114 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Silylamine reversible ionic liquids were designed to achieve specific physical properties in order to address effective CO₂ capture. The reversible ionic liquid systems reported herein represent a class of switchable solvents where a relatively non-polar silylamine (molecular liquid) is reversibly transformed to a reversible ionic liquid (RevIL) by reaction with CO₂ (chemisorption). The RevILs can further capture additional CO₂ through physical absorption (physisorption). The effects of changes in structure on (1) the CO₂ capture capacity (chemisorption and physisorption), (2) the viscosity of the solvent systems at partial and total conversion to the ionic liquid state, (3) the energy required for reversing the CO₂ capture process, and (4) the ability to recycle the solvents systems are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Rohan
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Street, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Flack K, Kitagawa K, Pollet P, Eckert CA, Richman K, Stringer J, Dubay W, Liotta CL. Al(OtBu)3 as an Effective Catalyst for the Enhancement of Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley (MPV) Reductions. Org Process Res Dev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/op300106v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kent Richman
- American Pacific Corporation - Fine Chemicals (AMPAC), Rancho Cordova,
California
| | - Joy Stringer
- American Pacific Corporation - Fine Chemicals (AMPAC), Rancho Cordova,
California
| | - William Dubay
- American Pacific Corporation - Fine Chemicals (AMPAC), Rancho Cordova,
California
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
We discuss novel solvents that improve the sustainability of various chemical reactions and processes. These alternative solvents include organic-aqueous tunable solvents; near-critical water; switchable piperylene sulfone, a volatile dimethylsulfoxide substitute; and reversible ionic liquids. These solvents are advantageous to a wide variety of reactions because they reduce waste and energy demand by coupling homogeneous reactions with heterogeneous separations, acting as in situ acid or base catalysts, and providing simple and efficient postreaction separations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Z. Fadhel
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Pamela Pollet
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332;, , ,
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332;, , ,
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Hallett JP, Liotta CL, Ranieri G, Welton T. Charge screening in the S(N)2 reaction of charged electrophiles and charged nucleophiles: an ionic liquid effect. J Org Chem 2010; 74:1864-8. [PMID: 19178145 DOI: 10.1021/jo802121d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The application of liquids that are salts at room temperature to chemical synthesis has become a hugely exciting field of study. The greatest promise that these ionic liquids hold is that they might offer process advantages, even novel behaviors that cannot be achieved in molecular solvents. We report here that the S(N)2 reaction of the trifluoromethanesulfonate and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salts of dimethyl-4-nitrophenylsulfonium ([p-NO(2)PhS(CH(3))(2)](+)[X](-); [X](-) = [CF(3)SO(3)](-), [N(CF(3)SO(2))(2)](-)) with chloride ion follow a fundamentally different pathway to when the same salts react in molecular solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Hallett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu J, Ruffini N, Pollet P, Llopis-Mestre V, Dilek C, Eckert CA, Liotta CL, Roberts CB. More Benign Synthesis of Palladium Nanoparticles in Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Their Extraction into an Organic Phase. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie902013g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Nicholas Ruffini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Pamela Pollet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Veronica Llopis-Mestre
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Cerag Dilek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Christopher B. Roberts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Marus GA, Vyhmeister E, Pollet P, Donaldson ME, Llopis-Mestre V, Faltermeier S, Roesel R, Tribo M, Gelbaum L, Liotta CL, Eckert CA. Sustainable and Scalable Synthesis of Piperylene Sulfone: A “Volatile” and Recyclable DMSO Substitute. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie100920y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A. Marus
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Eduardo Vyhmeister
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Megan E. Donaldson
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Veronica Llopis-Mestre
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Sean Faltermeier
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Renee Roesel
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Michael Tribo
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Leslie Gelbaum
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hart R, Pollet P, Hahne DJ, John E, Llopis-Mestre V, Blasucci V, Huttenhower H, Leitner W, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. Benign coupling of reactions and separations with reversible ionic liquids. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
45
|
Blasucci VM, Husain ZA, Fadhel AZ, Donaldson ME, Vyhmeister E, Pollet P, Liotta CL, Eckert CA. Combining Homogeneous Catalysis with Heterogeneous Separation using Tunable Solvent Systems. J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:3932-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp907325y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria M. Blasucci
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, and Georgia Institute of Technology, Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Zainul A. Husain
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, and Georgia Institute of Technology, Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Ali Z. Fadhel
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, and Georgia Institute of Technology, Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Megan E. Donaldson
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, and Georgia Institute of Technology, Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Eduardo Vyhmeister
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, and Georgia Institute of Technology, Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Pamela Pollet
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, and Georgia Institute of Technology, Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, and Georgia Institute of Technology, Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, and Georgia Institute of Technology, Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pollet P, Cope ED, Kassner MK, Charney R, Terett SH, Richman KW, Dubay W, Stringer J, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. Production of (S)-1-Benzyl-3-diazo-2-oxopropylcarbamic Acid tert-Butyl Ester, a Diazoketone Pharmaceutical Intermediate, Employing a Small Scale Continuous Reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ie801885y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Pollet
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, and American Pacific Corporation Fine Chemicals (AFC), Sacramento, California
| | - Elizabeth D. Cope
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, and American Pacific Corporation Fine Chemicals (AFC), Sacramento, California
| | - Michelle K. Kassner
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, and American Pacific Corporation Fine Chemicals (AFC), Sacramento, California
| | - Reagan Charney
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, and American Pacific Corporation Fine Chemicals (AFC), Sacramento, California
| | - Stuart H. Terett
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, and American Pacific Corporation Fine Chemicals (AFC), Sacramento, California
| | - Kent W. Richman
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, and American Pacific Corporation Fine Chemicals (AFC), Sacramento, California
| | - William Dubay
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, and American Pacific Corporation Fine Chemicals (AFC), Sacramento, California
| | - Joy Stringer
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, and American Pacific Corporation Fine Chemicals (AFC), Sacramento, California
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, and American Pacific Corporation Fine Chemicals (AFC), Sacramento, California
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, and American Pacific Corporation Fine Chemicals (AFC), Sacramento, California
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Donaldson
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, and School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Veronica Llopis Mestre
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, and School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Daniele Vinci
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, and School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, and School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Specialty Separations Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, and School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gohres JL, Popov AV, Hernandez R, Liotta CL, Eckert CA. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Solvation and Solvent Reorganization Dynamics in CO2-Expanded Methanol and Acetone. J Chem Theory Comput 2009; 5:267-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ct800353s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John L. Gohres
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, and Center for Computational and Molecular Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Alexander V. Popov
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, and Center for Computational and Molecular Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Rigoberto Hernandez
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, and Center for Computational and Molecular Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, and Center for Computational and Molecular Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Specialty Separations Center, and Center for Computational and Molecular Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gohres JL, Marin AT, Lu J, Liotta CL, Eckert CA. Spectroscopic Investigation of Alkylcarbonic Acid Formation and Dissociation in CO2-Expanded Alcohols. Ind Eng Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ie8011227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John L. Gohres
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Andrew T. Marin
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Jie Lu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Blasucci V, Dilek C, Huttenhower H, John E, Llopis-Mestre V, Pollet P, Eckert CA, Liotta CL. One-component, switchable ionic liquids derived from siloxylated amines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:116-8. [PMID: 19082017 DOI: 10.1039/b816267k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new class of one-component, thermally reversible, neutral to ionic liquid solvents derived from siloxylated amines is presented and characterized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Blasucci
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA, 30332, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|