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Vela-Peréz I, Ota F, Mhamdi A, Tamura Y, Rist J, Melzer N, Uerken S, Nalin G, Anders N, You D, Kircher M, Janke C, Waitz M, Trinter F, Guillemin R, Piancastelli MN, Simon M, Davis VT, Williams JB, Dörner R, Hatada K, Yamazaki K, Fehre K, Demekhin PV, Ueda K, Schöffler MS, Jahnke T. High-energy molecular-frame photoelectron angular distributions: a molecular bond-length ruler. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13784-13791. [PMID: 37159272 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05942h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a study on molecular-frame photoelectron angular distributions (MFPADs) of small molecules using circularly polarized synchrotron light. We find that the main forward-scattering peaks of the MFPADs are slightly tilted with respect to the molecular axis. This tilt angle is directly connected to the molecular bond length by a simple, universal formula. We apply the derived formula to several examples of MFPADs of C 1s and O 1s photoelectrons of CO, which have been measured experimentally or obtained by means of ab initio modeling. In addition, we discuss the influence of the back-scattering contribution that is superimposed over the analyzed forward-scattering peak in the case of homo-nuclear diatomic molecules such as N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vela-Peréz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - F Ota
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Gofuku 3190, Japan
| | - A Mhamdi
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany.
| | - Y Tamura
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Gofuku 3190, Japan
| | - J Rist
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - N Melzer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Uerken
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - G Nalin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - N Anders
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D You
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - M Kircher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C Janke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Waitz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - F Trinter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - R Guillemin
- Sorbonne Université CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matiere et Rayonnement, LCPMR, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - M N Piancastelli
- Sorbonne Université CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matiere et Rayonnement, LCPMR, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - M Simon
- Sorbonne Université CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matiere et Rayonnement, LCPMR, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - V T Davis
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - J B Williams
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - R Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - K Hatada
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Gofuku 3190, Japan
| | - K Yamazaki
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ph V Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany.
| | - K Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - M S Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - T Jahnke
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany.
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2
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Böker E, Janke C, Brunn S, Brock D, Jurig K, Witt M. Evaluation of the rehabilitation process after ACL rupture in childhood and adolescence. Dtsch Z Sportmed 2022. [DOI: 10.5960/dzsm.2022.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Problem: Serious knee injuries are gaining epidemiological importance. Especially in childhood, a very significant increase in knee ligament injuries, in particular ACL ruptures, can be observed. In Saxony alone, more than 70 ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament occur each year as a result of accidents during physical education (PE). Six months after surgery, the students are normally classified as fully fit for sports and are allowed to participate in PE without restrictions. However, the number of reinjuries is very high which limits the quality of life of those affected in the long term and places a heavy financial burden on insurance companies. Methods: Therefore the status quo in the rehabilitation of schoolchildren after ACL rupture was assessed using a multilevel test battery and taking into account known risk factors such as gender, motor competence and BMI. Results: The results show that there are large interindividual differences in the funktional outcomes as well as a large discrepancy between rehabilitation status and return to physical education. Discussion: In order to effectively manage the process of rehabilitation and return to school sports, individual information is necessary in the multimodal setting. To this end, all those involved should be sensitized and trained. Key Words: Knee Injury, Return-to-Sport, Biomechanics of Sports, Prevention, School Sports
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3
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Kircher M, Trinter F, Grundmann S, Kastirke G, Weller M, Vela-Perez I, Khan A, Janke C, Waitz M, Zeller S, Mletzko T, Kirchner D, Honkimäki V, Houamer S, Chuluunbaatar O, Popov YV, Volobuev IP, Schöffler MS, Schmidt LPH, Jahnke T, Dörner R. Ion and Electron Momentum Distributions from Single and Double Ionization of Helium Induced by Compton Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:053001. [PMID: 35179929 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.053001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present the momentum distributions of the nucleus and of the electrons from double ionization of the helium atom by Compton scattering of photons with hν=40 keV. We find that the doubly charged ion momentum distribution is very close to the Compton profile of the nucleus in the ground state of the helium atom, and the momentum distribution of the singly charged ion to give a precise image of the electron Compton profile. To reproduce these results, nonrelativistic calculations require the use of highly correlated initial- and final-state wave functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kircher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - F Trinter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Grundmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - G Kastirke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M Weller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - I Vela-Perez
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A Khan
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - C Janke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M Waitz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Zeller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Mletzko
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - D Kirchner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - V Honkimäki
- ESRF, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - S Houamer
- LPQSD, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Sétif-1, 19000 Setif, Algeria
| | - O Chuluunbaatar
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russia
- Institute of Mathematics and Digital Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, 13330 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Yu V Popov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russia
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - I P Volobuev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - M S Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - L Ph H Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Jahnke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - R Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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4
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Kastirke G, Ota F, Rezvan DV, Schöffler MS, Weller M, Rist J, Boll R, Anders N, Baumann TM, Eckart S, Erk B, De Fanis A, Fehre K, Gatton A, Grundmann S, Grychtol P, Hartung A, Hofmann M, Ilchen M, Janke C, Kircher M, Kunitski M, Li X, Mazza T, Melzer N, Montano J, Music V, Nalin G, Ovcharenko Y, Pier A, Rennhack N, Rivas DE, Dörner R, Rolles D, Rudenko A, Schmidt P, Siebert J, Strenger N, Trabert D, Vela-Perez I, Wagner R, Weber T, Williams JB, Ziolkowski P, Schmidt LPH, Czasch A, Tamura Y, Hara N, Yamazaki K, Hatada K, Trinter F, Meyer M, Ueda K, Demekhin PV, Jahnke T. Investigating charge-up and fragmentation dynamics of oxygen molecules after interaction with strong X-ray free-electron laser pulses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:27121-27127. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02408j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The X-ray-induced charge-up and fragmentation process of a small molecule is examined in great detail by measuring the molecular-frame photoelectron interference pattern in conjunction with other observables in coincidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Kastirke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - F. Ota
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - D. V. Rezvan
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - M. S. Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. Weller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - J. Rist
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R. Boll
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - N. Anders
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - T. M. Baumann
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - S. Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - B. Erk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A. De Fanis
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - K. Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A. Gatton
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S. Grundmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - P. Grychtol
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A. Hartung
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. Hofmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. Ilchen
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - C. Janke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. Kircher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. Kunitski
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - X. Li
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - T. Mazza
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - N. Melzer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - J. Montano
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - V. Music
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - G. Nalin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Y. Ovcharenko
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A. Pier
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - N. Rennhack
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - D. E. Rivas
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - R. Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D. Rolles
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - A. Rudenko
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Ph. Schmidt
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - J. Siebert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - N. Strenger
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D. Trabert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - I. Vela-Perez
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R. Wagner
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Th. Weber
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J. B. Williams
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - P. Ziolkowski
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - L. Ph. H. Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A. Czasch
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Y. Tamura
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - N. Hara
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - K. Yamazaki
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - K. Hatada
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - F. Trinter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Meyer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - K. Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ph. V. Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - T. Jahnke
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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5
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Fehre K, Novikovskiy NM, Grundmann S, Kastirke G, Eckart S, Trinter F, Rist J, Hartung A, Trabert D, Janke C, Nalin G, Pitzer M, Zeller S, Wiegandt F, Weller M, Kircher M, Hofmann M, Schmidt LPH, Knie A, Hans A, Ltaief LB, Ehresmann A, Berger R, Fukuzawa H, Ueda K, Schmidt-Böcking H, Williams JB, Jahnke T, Dörner R, Schöffler MS, Demekhin PV. Fourfold Differential Photoelectron Circular Dichroism. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:103201. [PMID: 34533326 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on a joint experimental and theoretical study of photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) in methyloxirane. By detecting O 1s photoelectrons in coincidence with fragment ions, we deduce the molecule's orientation and photoelectron emission direction in the laboratory frame. Thereby, we retrieve a fourfold differential PECD clearly beyond 50%. This strong chiral asymmetry is reproduced by ab initio electronic structure calculations. Providing such a pronounced contrast makes PECD of fixed-in-space chiral molecules an even more sensitive tool for chiral recognition in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - N M Novikovskiy
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - S Grundmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - G Kastirke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - S Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - F Trinter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - J Rist
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - A Hartung
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - D Trabert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - C Janke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - G Nalin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - M Pitzer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - S Zeller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - F Wiegandt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - M Weller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - M Kircher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - M Hofmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - L Ph H Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - A Knie
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - A Hans
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - L Ben Ltaief
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Århus 8000, Denmark
| | - A Ehresmann
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - R Berger
- Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - H Fukuzawa
- Institute of multidisciplinary research for advanced materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - K Ueda
- Institute of multidisciplinary research for advanced materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - H Schmidt-Böcking
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - J B Williams
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - T Jahnke
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld 22869, Germany
| | - R Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - M S Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Ph V Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
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6
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Fehre K, Eckart S, Kunitski M, Janke C, Trabert D, Hofmann M, Rist J, Weller M, Hartung A, Schmidt LPH, Jahnke T, Braun H, Baumert T, Stohner J, Demekhin PV, Schöffler MS, Dörner R. Strong Differential Photoion Circular Dichroism in Strong-Field Ionization of Chiral Molecules. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:083201. [PMID: 33709766 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.083201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the differential ionization probability of chiral molecules in the strong-field regime as a function of the helicity of the incident light. To this end, we analyze the fourfold ionization of bromochlorofluoromethane (CHBrClF) with subsequent fragmentation into four charged fragments and different dissociation channels of the singly ionized methyloxirane. By resolving for the molecular orientation, we show that the photoion circular dichroism signal strength is increased by 2 orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Kunitski
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C Janke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D Trabert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Hofmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - J Rist
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Weller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A Hartung
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - L Ph H Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - T Jahnke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - H Braun
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - T Baumert
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - J Stohner
- ZHAW Zurich University for Applied Sciences, Department N, Campus Reidbach, Research Group Physical Chemistry Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Ph V Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - M S Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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7
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Philipps G, Janke C, Jennewein S. Biocatalytic production of isoprene by fermentation of metabolically engineered
Clostridium ljungdahlii
on syngas. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Philipps
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME Industrial Biotechnology Forckenbeckstr. 6 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - C. Janke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME Industrial Biotechnology Forckenbeckstr. 6 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - S. Jennewein
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME Industrial Biotechnology Forckenbeckstr. 6 52074 Aachen Germany
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8
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Fehre K, Eckart S, Kunitski M, Pitzer M, Zeller S, Janke C, Trabert D, Rist J, Weller M, Hartung A, Schmidt LPH, Jahnke T, Berger R, Dörner R, Schöffler MS. Enantioselective fragmentation of an achiral molecule in a strong laser field. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaau7923. [PMID: 30873429 PMCID: PMC6408155 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau7923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is omnipresent in living nature. On the single molecule level, the response of a chiral species to a chiral probe depends on their respective handedness. A prominent example is the difference in the interaction of a chiral molecule with left or right circularly polarized light. In the present study, we show by Coulomb explosion imaging that circularly polarized light can also induce a chiral fragmentation of a planar and thus achiral molecule. The observed enantiomer strongly depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to the light propagation direction and the helicity of the ionizing light. This finding might trigger new approaches to improve laser-driven enantioselective chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- Corresponding author. (K.F.); (M.S.S.)
| | - S. Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M. Kunitski
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M. Pitzer
- Chemical Physics Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - S. Zeller
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - C. Janke
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - D. Trabert
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J. Rist
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M. Weller
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A. Hartung
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - L. Ph. H. Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T. Jahnke
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - R. Berger
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - R. Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M. S. Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- Corresponding author. (K.F.); (M.S.S.)
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9
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Wunsch MR, Lehnig R, Janke C, Trapp O. Online High Throughput Measurements for Fast Catalytic Reactions Using Time-Division Multiplexing Gas Chromatography. Anal Chem 2018; 90:9256-9263. [PMID: 30001483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Developing new catalysts is crucial for optimization of chemical processes. Thus, advanced analytical methods are required to determine the catalytic performance of new catalysts accurately. Usually, gas chromatographic methods are employed to analyze quantitatively the product distribution of volatile compounds generated by a specific catalyst. However, the characterization of rapidly changing catalysts, e.g., due to deactivation, still poses an analytical challenge because gas chromatographic methods are too slow for monitoring the change of the complex product spectra. Here, we developed a gas chromatographic technique based on the concept of multiplexing gas chromatography (mpGC) for fast and comprehensive analysis of the product stream from a catalytic testing unit. This technique is applied for the study of the catalytic reaction of methanol-to-olefins (MTO) conversion. For this method, the time distance between two measurements is chosen so that the chromatograms but not the peaks themselves are superimposed. In this way, stacked chromatograms are generated in which the components from successively injected samples elute baseline separated next to each other from the column. The peaks from different samples are interlaced, and for this reason, the method is referred to as time-division multiplexing gas chromatography (td-mpGC). The peaks are analyzed by direct peak integration not requiring a Hadamard transformation for deconvolution of the raw data as usual for many mpGC applications. Therefore, the sample can be injected equidistantly. The integrated peaks have to be allocated to the correct retention times. The time distance between two measurements for studying the reaction and regeneration cycles of MTO catalysts is 4.3 min and 38 s, respectively. Column switching techniques such as back-flush and heart-cut are introduced as general tools for multiplexing gas chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco R Wunsch
- BASF SE , Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38 , 67056 Ludwigshafen , Germany
| | - Rudolf Lehnig
- BASF SE , Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38 , 67056 Ludwigshafen , Germany
| | | | - Oliver Trapp
- Department Chemie , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Butenandtstrasse 5-13 , 81377 Munich , Germany
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10
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Dimitrakopoulou M, Huang X, Kröhnert J, Teschner D, Praetz S, Schlesiger C, Malzer W, Janke C, Schwab E, Rosowski F, Kaiser H, Schunk S, Schlögl R, Trunschke A. Insights into structure and dynamics of (Mn,Fe)Ox-promoted Rh nanoparticles. Faraday Discuss 2018; 208:207-225. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00215g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mutual interaction between Rh nanoparticles and manganese/iron oxide promoters in silica-supported Rh catalysts for the hydrogenation of CO to higher alcohols was analyzed by applying a combination of spectroscopy and microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xing Huang
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Jutta Kröhnert
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Detre Teschner
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion
- 45470 Mülheim
| | - Sebastian Praetz
- Technical University of Berlin
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics
- D-10587 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Christopher Schlesiger
- Technical University of Berlin
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics
- D-10587 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Wolfgang Malzer
- Technical University of Berlin
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics
- D-10587 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Christiane Janke
- BASF SE
- Process Research and Chemical Engineering
- Heterogeneous Catalysis
- Ludwigshafen
- Germany
| | - Ekkehard Schwab
- BASF SE
- Process Research and Chemical Engineering
- Heterogeneous Catalysis
- Ludwigshafen
- Germany
| | - Frank Rosowski
- BASF SE
- Process Research and Chemical Engineering
- Heterogeneous Catalysis
- Ludwigshafen
- Germany
| | | | | | - Robert Schlögl
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion
- 45470 Mülheim
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11
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pulse width in electroconvulsive therapy has significant influence on effectiveness and side effects. While shorter pulses are beneficial for cognitive performance, there is still a debate about a negative impact on ECT efficacy at least for ultra-brief pulse durations. METHODS We report a first patient treated with burst stimulus ECT, i. e., with 4 consecutive 250-µs pulses, separated by another 250 µs. Within the same patient we compared 6 classical vs. 6 burst stimulus ECT sessions. RESULTS In all cases a typical tonic-clonic seizure was observed. Seizure parameters like concordance, coherence and mid-ictal amplitude increased numerically, but not significantly with burst ECT. The time needed to show a reorientation was significantly shortened with burst stimuli (30 min vs. 14 min, p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion we present the first case of ECT in a single patient comparing "classical" single stimulus pulses vs. burst stimulus ECT. The new burst stimulus was better tolerated regarding reorientation time after the treatment, while parameters of seizure quality remained basically unchanged. Whether burst stimulus ECT has the potential to improve ECT quality by reducing side effects without losing efficacy has to be investigated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Aksay
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - J M Bumb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - C Janke
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - L Kranaster
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - A Sartorius
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
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12
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Janke C, Bumb JM, Aksay SS, Thiel M, Kranaster L, Sartorius A. [Ketamine as anesthetic agent in electroconvulsion therapy]. Anaesthesist 2015; 64:357-64. [PMID: 25943498 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-015-0027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a well-established, safe and effective treatment for severe psychiatric disorders. Ketamine is known as a core medication in anesthesiology and has recently gained interest in ECT practice as there are three potential advantages: (1) ketamine has no anticonvulsive actions, (2) according to recent studies ketamine could possess a unique intrinsic antidepressive potential and (3) ketamine may exhibit neuroprotective properties, which again might reduce the risk of cognitive side effects associated with ECT. OBJECTIVES The use of ketamine in psychiatric patients has been controversially discussed due to its dose-dependent psychotropic and psychotomimetic effects. This study was carried out to test if the occurrence of side effects is comparable and if seizure quality is better with ketamine when compared to thiopental. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study analyzed a total of 199 patients who received ketamine anesthesia for a total of 2178 ECT sessions. This cohort was compared to patients who were treated with thiopental for 1004 ECT sessions. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A repeated measurement multiple logistic regression analysis revealed significant advantages in the ketamine group for seizure concordance and postictal suppression (both are surrogates for central inhibition). S-ketamin also necessitated the use of a higher dose of urapidil and a higher maximum postictal heart frequency. Clinically relevant psychiatric side effects were rare in both groups. No psychiatric side effects occurred in the subgroup of patients with schizophrenia (ketamine: n = 30). The mean dose of S-ketamine used increased in the first years but stabilized at 63 mg per patient in 2014. From these experiences it can be concluded that S-ketamine can be recommended at least as a safe alternative to barbiturates.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Janke
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
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13
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Schnaß N, Janke C, Jennewein S. Nutzung von Clostridien zur Produktion hochwertiger Chemikalien. CHEM-ING-TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201450474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Janke C, Radnik J, Bentrup U, Martin A, Brückner A. Ternary VZrAlON Oxynitrides - Efficient Catalysts for the Ammoxidation of 3-Picoline. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs500458w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jörg Radnik
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059 Germany
| | - Ursula Bentrup
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059 Germany
| | - Andreas Martin
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059 Germany
| | - Angelika Brückner
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock, 18059 Germany
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15
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Kranaster L, Hoyer C, Janke C, Sartorius A. Bispectral index monitoring and seizure quality optimization in electroconvulsive therapy. Pharmacopsychiatry 2013; 46:147-50. [PMID: 23359338 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1331748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In ECT, the relative timing of seizure induction and anesthesia may critically impact on seizure quality when anesthetic agents with anticonvulsive properties such as barbiturates or propofol are used. Measuring the depth of anesthesia by bispectral index (BIS) monitoring and thereby identifying the optimal moment for seizure induction might enhance seizure quality.Seizures from 869 individual ECT -sessions with thiopental anesthetic from 118 patients were examined in this retrospective study. The associations of the BIS value at the moment of seizure induction with 7 established seizure parameters and with a novel model of seizure quality were tested by regression analyses.BIS value at induction correlated positively with seizure duration, central inhibition, coherence and maximal heart rate, but not with midictal amplitude. Higher seizure quality was related with a higher BIS value at the moment of seizure induction.The BIS value at seizure induction serves as an independent predictor of seizure quality, influencing most other established markers. BIS monitoring appears as a simple tool to identify the optimal moment for seizure induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kranaster
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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16
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Bosch-Grau M, Rochas C, Meunier A, Spassky N, Janke C. Tubulin posttranslational modifications as regulators of microtubule-based functions in cells. Cilia 2012. [PMCID: PMC3555722 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2530-1-s1-p17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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17
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Bilde J, Janke C, Brückner A, Millet J. Catalytic properties of nitrided V/Al/O-mixed oxides in the ammoxidation of propane and new efficient preparation method for the catalysts. Catal Today 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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18
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Kranaster L, Janke C, Hausner L, Frölich L, Sartorius A. Venlafaxin-Associated Post-Ictal Asystole during Electroconvulsive Therapy. Pharmacopsychiatry 2011; 45:122-4. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Kranaster
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - C. Janke
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mannheim, Germany
| | - L. Hausner
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - L. Frölich
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A. Sartorius
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
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19
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Janke C, Schneider M, Bentrup U, Radnik J, Martin A, Scholz G, Brückner A. Impact of phosphorus and nitrogen on structure and catalytic performance of VZrPON oxynitrides in the ammoxidation of 3-picoline. J Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2010.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Abstract
We report an ultrafast time-domain spectroscopy system based on high-speed asynchronous optical sampling operating without mechanical scanner. The system uses two 1 GHz femtosecond oscillators that are offset-stabilized using high-bandwidth feedback electronics operating at the tenth repetition rate harmonics. Definition of the offset frequency, i.e. the time-delay scan rate, in the range of a few kilohertz is accomplished using direct-digital-synthesis electronics for the first time. The time-resolution of the system over the full available 1 ns time-delay window is determined by the laser pulse duration and is 45 fs. This represents a three-fold improvement compared to previous approaches where timing jitter was the limiting factor. Two showcase experiments are presented to verify the high time-resolution and sensitivity of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gebs
- Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics, University of Konstanz, D-78457, Germany.
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21
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Janke C, Radnik JÃ, Bentrup U, Martin A, Brückner A. Vanadium-Containing Oxynitrides: Effective Catalysts for the Ammoxidation of 3-Picoline. ChemCatChem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.200900180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Klatt G, Gebs R, Janke C, Dekorsy T, Bartels A. Rapid-scanning terahertz precision spectrometer with more than 6 THz spectral coverage. Opt Express 2009; 17:22847-22854. [PMID: 20052210 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.022847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report a terahertz time-domain spectrometer with more than 6 THz spectral coverage and 1 GHz resolution based on high-speed asynchronous optical sampling. It operates at 2 kHz scan rate without mechanical delay stage. The frequency error of the system at 60 s acquisition time is determined by comparing a measured water vapor absorption spectrum to data reported in the HITRAN database. The mean error of 87 evaluated absorption lines is 142 MHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Klatt
- Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics, University of Konstanz, D-78457, Germany.
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23
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Hudert F, Bartels A, Janke C, Dekorsy T, Köhler K. Coherent acoustic phonons in phonon cavities investigated by asynchronous optical sampling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/92/1/012012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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24
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Carvalho A, Jones R, Janke C, Goss JP, Briddon PR, Coutinho J, Oberg S. Self-interstitial in germanium. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:175502. [PMID: 17995344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.175502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Low-temperature radiation damage in n- and p-type Ge is strikingly different, reflecting the charge-dependent properties of vacancies and self-interstitials. We find, using density functional theory, that in Ge the interstitial is bistable, preferring a split configuration when neutral and an open cage configuration when positively charged. The split configuration is inert while the cage configuration acts as a double donor. We evaluate the migration energies of the defects and show that the theory is able to explain the principal results of low-temperature electron-irradiation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carvalho
- School of Physics, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, United Kingdom.
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25
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Bartels A, Cerna R, Kistner C, Thoma A, Hudert F, Janke C, Dekorsy T. Ultrafast time-domain spectroscopy based on high-speed asynchronous optical sampling. Rev Sci Instrum 2007; 78:035107. [PMID: 17411217 DOI: 10.1063/1.2714048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
High-speed asynchronous optical sampling (ASOPS) is a novel technique for ultrafast time-domain spectroscopy (TDS). It employs two mode-locked femtosecond oscillators operating at a fixed repetition frequency difference as sources of pump and probe pulses. We present a system where the 1 GHz pulse repetition frequencies of two Ti:sapphire oscillators are linked at an offset of Deltaf(R)=10 kHz. As a result, their relative time delay is repetitively ramped from zero to 1 ns within a scan time of 100 micros. Mechanical delay scanners common to conventional TDS systems are eliminated, thus systematic errors due to beam pointing instabilities and spot size variations are avoided when long time delays are scanned. Owing to the multikilohertz scan-rate, high-speed ASOPS permits data acquisition speeds impossible with conventional schemes. Within only 1 s of data acquisition time, a signal resolution of 6 x 10(-7) is achieved for optical pump-probe spectroscopy over a time-delay window of 1 ns. When applied to terahertz TDS, the same acquisition time yields high-resolution terahertz spectra with 37 dB signal-to-noise ratio under nitrogen purging of the spectrometer. Spectra with 57 dB are obtained within 2 min. A new approach to perform the offset lock between the two femtosecond oscillators in a master-slave configuration using a frequency shifter at the third harmonic of the pulse repetition frequency is employed. This approach permits an unprecedented time-delay resolution of better than 160 fs. High-speed ASOPS provides the functionality of an all-optical oscilloscope with a bandwidth in excess of 3000 GHz and with 1 GHz frequency resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bartels
- Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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Dekorsy T, Hudert F, Cerna R, Schäfer H, Janke C, Bartels A, Köhler K, Braun S, Wiemer M, Mantl S. Coherent acoustic phonons in nanostructures investigated by asynchronous optical sampling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1117/12.687052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Bartels A, Thoma A, Janke C, Dekorsy T, Dreyhaupt A, Winnerl S, Helm M. High-resolution THz spectrometer with kHz scan rates. Opt Express 2006; 14:430-437. [PMID: 19503357 DOI: 10.1364/opex.14.000430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a rapid scanning high-resolution THz spectrometer capable of acquiring THz field transients with 1 ns duration without mechanical delay line. The THz spectrometer is based on two 1-GHz Ti:sapphire femtosecond lasers which are linked with a fixed repetition rate difference in order to perform high-speed asynchronous optical sampling. One laser drives a high-efficiency large-area GaAs based THz emitter, the other laser is used for electro-optic detection of the emitted THz-field. At a scan rate of 9 kHz a time resolution of 230 fs is accomplished. High-resolution spectra from 50 GHz up to 3 THz are obtained and water absorption lines with a width of 11 GHz are observed. The use of femtosecond lasers with 1 GHz repetition rate is essential to obtain rapid scanning and high time-resolution at the same time.
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Janke C, Rivas JG, Bolivar PH, Kurz H. All-optical switching of the transmission of electromagnetic radiation through subwavelength apertures. Opt Lett 2005; 30:2357-9. [PMID: 16196318 DOI: 10.1364/ol.30.002357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Unprecedented optical control of the surface plasmon polariton assisted transmission of terahertz radiation through subwavelength apertures is rendered possible by carrier-induced changes to the dielectric properties of a semiconductor grating. Although the study presented is static, the extension of our approach to dynamic switching and tuning is deemed straightforward, opening the way for the realization of ultrafast surface plasmon based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Janke
- Institut für Halbleitertechnik, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Janke C, Först M, Nagel M, Kurz H, Bartels A. Asynchronous optical sampling for high-speed characterization of integrated resonant terahertz sensors. Opt Lett 2005; 30:1405-7. [PMID: 15981548 DOI: 10.1364/ol.30.001405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Two femtosecond Ti:sapphire lasers with slightly different repetition rates near 1 GHz are coupled to implement high-speed asynchronous optical sampling. The application of this technique is successfully demonstrated in the field of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (TDS). A time delay of 1 ns is scanned at a frequency of 5 kHz without moving mechanical parts. Compared with that of conventional TDS schemes based on lock-in detection and moving mirrors, the readout time of integrated resonant THz sensors is reduced by a factor of 20, opening the way for high-throughput THz sensing in marker-free DNA analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Janke
- Institut für Halbleitertechnik, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Abstract
CASE REPORT In our case, a 48-year-old healthy woman undergoing elective tympanoplasty under general anesthesia received an infusion of 2 g dipyrone in 100 ml 0.9% sodium chloride solution for pain prophylaxis. After receiving 1 g dipyrone within 5 min, the patient exhibited a cardiocirculatory failure and cyanosis and had to be resuscitated. After 20 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and administration of 3mg epinephrine and 2 mg norepinephrine, a stable circulation was reestablished. After exclusion of a fulminant pulmonary embolism and a primary cardiac event by computer tomography, electrocardiogram and enzyme diagnostics, the patient was transferred to an intensive care unit where she was mechanically ventilated for a period of 6 h. After 2 days of intensive monitoring, she was transferred to a peripheral ward,where she exhibited a normal neurological status and stable cardiocirculatory condition. A postoperatively performed allergy testing revealed a type I sensitization to dipyrone, which was responsible for the intraoperative cardiocirculatory failure due to a massive anaphylactic reaction. However, in this case, the typical symptoms of allergic reactions such as erythema, edema or bronchospasm were missing, which did not allow for an immediate diagnosis. CONCLUSION. Regarding the frequent perioperative use of dipyrone and the severity of anaphylaxis observed in this case, it should be considered that this analgesic should be applied intravenously only if adequate safety measures such as emergency therapy option and patient monitoring are guaranteed as recommended by the German drug regulation authority since 1982.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Janke
- Institut für Anästhesiologie und Operative Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Fakultät für Klinische Medizin der Universität Heidelberg
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Host factors play an important part in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori-associated disease. The aim of this study was to screen various inbred strains of mice for genetic differences in susceptibility to H. pylori infection. METHODS Mice of strains BALB/cJ, C.B-17-Prkdc(scid), C3H/HeJ, C3H/HeN, C57BL/6J, C57BL/6J-I110(tm/Cgn), DBA/2J, and FVB/N were inoculated intragastrically with H. pylori SS1. At 1, 4 and 6 months after inoculation, mice were necropsied, and bacterial cultures and histologic studies of the stomachs were performed. RESULTS Significant differences in the level of colonization by H. pylori were observed among inbred strains at each time of infection. These differences were most distinct at 4 months after inoculation with highest levels in strains C3H/HeJ and C3H/HeN and lowest in strains FVB/N, C57BL/6J and C57BL/6J-I110(tm/Cgn). Infected mice revealed a mild increase in inflammatory cells compared with controls at 1 and 4 months, but not at 6 months after inoculation. The host strain effect on gastric disease was fairly mild, with two exceptions. Firstly, infected I110(tm/Cgn) mice developed a severe, hyperplastic gastritis, indicating that interleukin-10 is an important regulator of the inflammatory response to H. pylori. Secondly, infected C3H/HeN mice had a propensity to develop lymphoid aggregates in the gastric mucosa. CONCLUSIONS The strain differences described here will be useful for the design of genetic mapping studies in mice to elucidate the genes controlling gastric infection by H. pylori. Our results further show that genetically altered mice are a valuable tool for identifying candidate genes possibly contributing to susceptibility to H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mähler
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Medical School Hannover, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schramm
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, United Kingdom
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Holzer M, Rödel L, Seeger G, Gärtner U, Narz F, Janke C, Heumann R, Arendt T. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade and phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins after neurone-specific activation of p21ras. II. Cytoskeletal proteins and dendritic morphology. Neuroscience 2002; 105:1041-54. [PMID: 11530241 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we analysed changes in the expression, subcellular distribution and phosphorylation state of the microtubule-associated protein tau and other cytoskeletal proteins after neurone-specific activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the CNS in vivo. We used transgenic mice with a neurone-specific expression of activated ras protein (p21H-ras(Val12), synapsin I promoter) that is associated with an augmented activity of the MAPK. Chronic activation of MAPK cascade influenced tau protein phosphorylation, localisation and dendritic morphology. While the amount of tau protein was elevated by 9%, phospho-epitopes detected by the monoclonal antibodies AT270, 12E8 and SMI34 were increased by about 21%, 40% and 59% respectively. Steady-state levels of tau mRNA were not affected. Thus, the increase in tau protein was most likely due to stabilisation of tau protein by augmented phosphorylation. While in wild-type animals tau protein was preferentially localised in axons, a prominent immunoreactivity was found in the somatodendritic compartment of transgenic mice. This subcellular translocation typically seen in pyramidal neurones was associated with an increase in the dendritic calibre by about 30% and is paralleled by an increase in tubulin of 19%. We were unable to obtain any morphological indication of neurodegenerative processes in these animals. We suggest that the moderate increase in tau protein and phosphorylation may be part of the neuroprotective mechanism. However, further studies on aged transgenic mice will be necessary to establish potential effects on neuronal viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Holzer
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany
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Bertsch T, Denz C, Janke C, Weiss M, Fassbender K, Luiz T, Ellinger K, Krieter H. Hypertonic-hyperoncotic solutions decrease cardiac troponin I concentrations in peripheral blood in a porcine ischemia-reperfusion model. Exp Toxicol Pathol 2001; 53:153-6. [PMID: 11484833 DOI: 10.1078/0940-2993-00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study we addressed the question of whether the measurement of cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) is able to reflect beneficial effects of hypertonic-hyperoncotic solutions after transient cardiac arrest. Ten pigs were anaesthetized and cardiac arrest was induced by electric fibrillation. After 5 minutes of global ischemia, cardiac arrest was reversed by electric defibrillation. Upon return of spontaneous circulation 5 animals received hypertonic-hyperoncotic solutions (10% Hydroxyethylstarch 200/0.5 and 7.2% NaCl). The other animals received equivalent volumes of physiological saline. We observed that cTnI serum levels of animals treated with hypertonic-hyperoncotic solutions were significantly lower than those treated with saline. We conclude that hypertonic-hyperoncotic solutions may have cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bertsch
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Klinikum Mannheim gGmbH, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Germany.
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Janke C, Beck M, Holzer M, Bigl V, Arendt T. Analysis of the molecular heterogeneity of the microtubule-associated protein tau by two-dimensional electrophoresis and RT-PCR. Brain Res Brain Res Protoc 2000; 5:231-42. [PMID: 10906488 DOI: 10.1016/s1385-299x(00)00018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The microtubule-associated protein tau is a member of a group of proteins, promoting assembly and stabilization of microtubules. In several tauopathic neurodegenerative disorders, namely Alzheimer's and Pick's disease and frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP 17) this protein is converted into fibrilar polymers which form the component of insoluble proteanous deposits such as neurofibrillary tangles. The formation of these fibrils is believed to interrupt the physiological function of neurons resulting in degeneration and cell death. Tau protein exists as a family of heterogeneous isoforms derived by both, differential splicing of tau-mRNA and posttranslational modification of the protein. Since the role of the different isoforms during the process of neurodegeneration is not well understood and as their balance might be altered in some cases of tauopathies (Spillantini et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1998;95:7737-7741), the detailed analysis of the molecular heterogeneity gained outstanding interest. The method presented here allows the analysis of both, differential splicing and phosphorylation of tau protein by the application of two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis and Western blot detection. Tau protein isoforms could be identified from the 2D pattern of dephosphorylated tau in concordance with the results of tau-mRNA analysis by RT-PCR. The protocol presented was successfully applied to analysis of tau isoforms of human brain (Janke et al., FEBS Lett. 1996;379:222-226) and of several species, revealing a phylogenetic correlation of tau protein patterns in mammals (Janke et al., Mol. Brain Res. 1999;68:119-128). The present paper provides a detailed description of the technique and discusses its prospects and limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Janke
- Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Leipzig, Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Jahnallee 59, 04109, Leipzig, Germany
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Bertsch T, Janke C, Denz C, Weiss M, Luiz T, Ellinger K, Korth U, Hannak D, Bartelt U, Krieter H. Cardiac troponin I and cardiac troponin T increases in pigs during ischemia-reperfusion damage. Exp Toxicol Pathol 2000; 52:157-9. [PMID: 10965991 DOI: 10.1016/s0940-2993(00)80111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study we addressed the question of whether the measurement of cardiac Troponin T (cTnT) and cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) is able to detect myocardial cell damage in an ischemia-reperfusion model in pigs. To answer the question 3 pigs were anaesthesized and a cardiac arrest was induced by electric fibrillation. After 5 minutes of global ischemia the cardiac arrest was reversed by electric defibrillation until normal perfusion was restored. We could clearly demonstrate an increase of cTnT and cTnI 30 minutes after reperfusion indicating myocardial injury during ischemia and subsequent reperfusion. The cTnT as well as the cTnI serum levels increased till 180 minutes after reperfusion. This ischemia-reperfusion injury is likely induced by oxygen radicals generated during hypoxia and subsequent reperfusion We conclude from our first results that troponin measurements with commercial available test kits may also reflect myocardial cell damage in pigs as it was recently demonstrated in rats. Further studies are needed for correlation of troponin serum levels and histopathological damage in this model especially if it is used to test beneficial or toxicological effects of radical neutralizing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bertsch
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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Rassoul F, Richter V, Janke C, Purschwitz K, Klötzer B, Geisel J, Herrmann W. Plasma homocysteine and lipoprotein profile in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Angiology 2000; 51:189-96. [PMID: 10744006 DOI: 10.1177/000331970005100302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have identified moderate hyperhomocysteinemia (HCy) as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. The purpose of this case control study was to determine lipoprotein profile and homocysteine concentration in serum of 85 male patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) and in 51 normolipidemic age-matched male controls. Cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol as well as subfractions HDL2 and HDL3 cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apo B, apo A-I, and lipoprotein particles LpA-I and LpA-I:A-II were measured in serum. Homocysteine, folic acid, and vitamins B6 and B12 were determined with the help of high-pressure liquid chromatography. The 677 C --> T mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene was analyzed in PAOD patients. Patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease showed a significantly higher mean concentration of homocysteine than control subjects (p<0.001). There was a negative correlation between the levels of homocysteine and vitamin B12 as well as folic acid (for vitamin B12: r=-0.40 and for folic acid: r=-0.38). The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hcy >16 micromol/L) in the patients was 45% in contrast to 8% in controls. HDL cholesterol, HDL3 cholesterol, Apo A-I, and Lp A-I were significantly reduced in patients and triglycerides were elevated. The elevated plasma homocysteine concentration is frequently seen in homozygous carriers of a point mutation (677 C --> T) in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, as the product of this gene is an enzyme, participating in homocysteine remethylation. The homozygous state for the 677 C --> T mutation was found in 13.3% of PAOD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rassoul
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Leipzig/Working Group Health Promotion and Prevention of Atherosclerosis e.V., Germany
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Janke C, Beck M, Stahl T, Holzer M, Brauer K, Bigl V, Arendt T. Phylogenetic diversity of the expression of the microtubule-associated protein tau: implications for neurodegenerative disorders. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1999; 68:119-28. [PMID: 10320789 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(99)00079-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule-associated protein tau regulates the dynamic stability of the neuronal cytoskeleton by interacting with microtubules. It is encoded by a single gene, but expressed in a variety of isoforms due to differential RNA splicing. Six isoforms can be found in the human central nervous system. These isoforms differ in their ability to promote the assembly of microtubules as well as in their capacity to stabilize existing microtubule structures. Furthermore, some of the isoforms of tau are specifically involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, splicing of tau might critically influence the physiological functions of tau protein as well as the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases with tauopathy. The present study addresses the differential expression of the six isoforms of tau in the central nervous system of 12 mammalian species including Homo sapiens. The occurrence of each of the six tau isoforms was highly variable. However, species that were phylogenetically related expressed a similar pattern of tau isoforms. These results suggest a phylogenetic descent of splicing paradigms, which can be matched with known phylogenetic concepts based on morphological and molecular genetical studies. Especially, the unique expression pattern of tau isoforms in the human central nervous system implicates a possible link to the particular vulnerability of humans to neurodegenerative disorders with tauopathy, namely Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia and Pick's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Janke
- University of Leipzig, Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Department of Neuroanatomy, Jahnallee 59, 04109, Leipzig, Germany
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Gibson MC, Bol N, Woodbury MG, Beaton C, Janke C. Comparison of caregivers', residents', and community-dwelling spouses' opinions about expressing sexuality in an institutional setting. J Gerontol Nurs 1999; 25:30-9. [PMID: 10426032 DOI: 10.3928/0098-9134-19990401-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Opinions regarding the appropriateness of elderly residents' sexual behaviors in a chronic care hospital and how to respond to inappropriate behaviors were surveyed. Study participation was open to all staff (N = 1,205), eligible residents (N = 182) and community-dwelling spouses (N = 103). Participation rates were 40% (residents), 42% (spouses), 34% (nursing staff), 50% (allied health staff), and 22% (support staff). Staff completed the questionnaire independently, while residents and spouses were offered self-completion or a structured interview. Almost all selected the interview. Residents and spouses were less tolerant than staff of residents' masturbating, engaging in sexual relationships, viewing sexual materials, and making sexual approaches to staff. Privacy was the primary determinant of appropriateness for behaviors for all groups. Staff and spouses were more likely to endorse counseling when behaviors were perceived as inappropriate than residents. Nurses endorsed counseling less frequently than allied health professionals and support staff. Nurses were more likely to have been approached sexually by a resident. Differences of opinion are interpreted in terms of cohort influences on values and contextual influences on behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Gibson
- Veterans Care Program, Parkwood Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada
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Janke C, Gärtner U, Holzer M, Arendt T. Reversible in vivo phosphorylation of tau induced by okadaic acid and by unspecific brain lesion in rat. J Hirnforsch 1999; 39:143-53. [PMID: 10022338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is histopathologically characterised by the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) that are largely composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (PHF-tau), and senile plaques which contain aggregates of the Abeta peptide. Formation of PHF-tau and amyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) might be related to a disturbance in the balance between protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. In the present study, the effects of injections into the cerebral cortex of either okadaic acid (OA), an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, or saline were investigated. Both kinds of injections induced a reversible phosphorylation of tau, albeit to a different extent. The secretion of soluble APP was reduced after OA but not affected after injection of saline. It is concluded that phosphorylation of tau, similar though not identical to those seen in AD can be induced in vivo by inhibition of protein dephosphorylation as well as by unspecific lesion of cortical neurones. It might, therefore, be suggested that phosphorylation processes involved in PHF-formation in AD similarly reflect a neuronal response to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Janke
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Department Neuroanatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany
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Abstract
The phosphorylation state of tau-protein is crucial for the regulation of neuronal microtubule organization. Functional conclusions on tau-protein require an accurate assessment of phosphorylated sites. Therefore, the in vivo distribution and postmortem preservation of some phospho-epitopes on tau-protein were examined in the rat brain under different fixation and preparation conditions. Detection of tau-protein with a phosphorylation-independent antiserum revealed both axonal and somatodendritic localizations, which were not influenced by a postmortem interval of 30 min. The phospho-epitopes recognized by 12E8, AT8, and PHF-1 were mainly localized in the somatodendritic compartment. The binding sites of AT8 and PHF-1 were rapidly dephosphorylated postmortem, whereas the Tau-1 epitope was unmasked in the somatodendritic region. The axonally located phospho-epitope of AT270 and the nuclear epitope of AT100 were still detectable after a postmortem interval of 30 min. Postmortem dephosphorylation and inhibition of this process by PP1 and/or PP2A was further demonstrated on Western blot. In conclusion, rapid processing of tau-protein is essential for the correct assessment of investigations on phospho-isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Gärtner
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany
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Arendt T, Holzer M, Brückner MK, Janke C, Gärtner U. The use of okadaic acid in vivo and the induction of molecular changes typical for Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience 1998; 85:1337-40. [PMID: 9681968 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Arendt
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany
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Mack AF, Germer A, Janke C, Reichenbach A. Müller (glial) cells in the teleost retina: consequences of continuous growth. Glia 1998; 22:306-13. [PMID: 9482216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the continuously enlarging eye of teleost fishes retinal growth is achieved by the generation of new cells and by stretching the existing tissue. As a consequence of stretching, the density for most neurons decreases except for rod photoreceptors, which are produced by stem cells in the outer nuclear layer (ONL). We investigated retinal Müller glial cells with immunocytochemical markers against vimentin and glutamine synthetase in animals of various sizes. In addition, we used Western immunoblot analysis to investigate the changes in the glia-specific enzyme glutamine synthetase in the enlarging retina. We found that in the cichlid fish Haplochromis burtoni the density of Müller cells decreases from about 14 cells/mm2 to 4 cells/mm2 with increasing body size. Since it is known that the density of rod photoreceptors remains constant, it follows that the neuron to Müller cell ratio increases in the growing eye. In our estimates, this ratio ranges from around 54:1 in small fish to more than 67:1 in larger animals. Quantified Western blots revealed that the amount of glutamine synthetase per retinal area does not change in the growing eye, which means that the amount of this enzyme in each Müller cell must increase. Staining isolated cells and retinal sections from small and large fish with an antibody against glutamine synthetase showed stronger immunoreactivity in larger animals, especially in the areas of the photoreceptor cell bodies and outer limiting membrane and a more extensive branching of Müller cell processes. Thus, Müller cells in growing fish appear to compensate for the increasing metabolic challenge and are able to maintain their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Mack
- Paul-Flechsig-Institut für Hirnforschung, Universität Leipzig, Germany
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Janke C, Holzer M, Klose J, Arendt T. Distribution of isoforms of the microtubule-associated protein tau in grey and white matter areas of human brain: a two-dimensional gelelectrophoretic analysis. FEBS Lett 1996; 379:222-6. [PMID: 8603693 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(95)01522-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The microtubule-associated protein tau in human brain consists of six molecular isoforms derived from a single gene by alternative mRNA-splicing and further modified by posttranslational processing. In the present study, the distribution of tau isoforms in grey and white matter of human temporal cortex was investigated by two-dimensional gelelectrophoresis. More than 80 isoforms were detected. The pattern of isoforms obtained after treatment with alkaline phosphatase was still more complex than those of recombinant tau, indicating that posttranslational modifications other than phosphorylation contribute to the molecular heterogeneity of tau. The tau isoform D according to Goedert containing four tubulin-binding regions shown to promote tubulin polymerisation most efficiently was present in higher amounts in white as compared to grey matter. The pattern of isoform distribution was not significantly altered in Alzheimer's disease. It is concluded that molecular isoforms that differ in their tubulin-binding characteristics are differentially distributed in subcellular neuronal compartments and/or neuronal types.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Janke
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Department of Neurochemistry, Unviersity of Leipzig, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Gross
- Department of Psychology, University of Mississippi
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