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Ferguson S, Johnson J, Gonzales D, Hobbs C, Allen C, Williams S. Analysis of ZDDP Content and Thermal Decomposition in Motor Oils Using NAA and NMR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2015.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Walker D, DeMaria L, Suarez L, Gonzales D, Romero M, Padron A. O728 ARE ALL SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS CREATED EQUAL? EVIDENCE FROM MEXICO. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)61158-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gonzales D, Requena S, Williams S. Au Lα x-rays induced by photons from 241Am: Comparison of experimental results and the predictions of PENELOPE. Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:301-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hatsukami DK, Jorenby DE, Gonzales D, Rigotti NA, Glover ED, Oncken CA, Tashkin DP, Reus VI, Akhavain RC, Fahim REF, Kessler PD, Niknian M, Kalnik MW, Rennard SI. Immunogenicity and smoking-cessation outcomes for a novel nicotine immunotherapeutic. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011; 89:392-9. [PMID: 21270788 PMCID: PMC4106715 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2010.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
NicVAX®, a nicotine vaccine (3’AmNic-rEPA), has been clinically evaluated to determine if higher antibody concentrations are associated with higher smoking abstinence rates and if doses and frequency of administration are associated with increased antibody response. This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial (N=301 smokers) tested 200 and 400 µg doses administered 4 or 5 times over 6 months compared to placebo. 3’AmNic-rEPA recipients with the highest serum anti-nicotine antibody response (top 30% by AUC) were significantly more likely to attain 8 weeks continuous abstinence from weeks 19 through 26 than the placebo recipients (24.6% vs. 12.0%, p=0.024, OR=2.69, 95% CI, 1.14–6.37). The 5 injection 400 µg dose regimen had the greatest antibody response and had significantly higher abstinence rates than placebo. This study demonstrates proof-of-concept that 3’AmNic-rEPA elicits antibodies to nicotine and is associated with higher continuous abstinence rates, justifying its further development as a treatment for nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Hatsukami
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Tobacco Use Programs, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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Koehl M, Meerlo P, Gonzales D, Rontal A, Turek FW, Abrous DN. Exercise-induced promotion of hippocampal cell proliferation requires beta-endorphin. FASEB J 2008; 22:2253-62. [PMID: 18263701 DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-099101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is influenced by a variety of stimuli, including exercise, but the mechanisms by which running affects neurogenesis are not yet fully understood. Because beta-endorphin, which is released in response to exercise, increases cell proliferation in vitro, we hypothesized that it could exert a similar effect in vivo and mediate the stimulatory effects of running on neurogenesis. We thus analyzed the effects of voluntary wheel-running on adult neurogenesis (proliferation, differentiation, survival/death) in wild-type and beta-endorphin-deficient mice. In wild-type mice, exercise promoted cell proliferation evaluated by sacrificing animals 24 h after the last 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) pulse and by using endogenous cell cycle markers (Ki67 and pH(3)). This was accompanied by an increased survival of 4-wk-old BrdU-labeled cells, leading to a net increase of neurogenesis. Beta-endorphin deficiency had no effect in sedentary mice, but it completely blocked the running-induced increase in cell proliferation; this blockade was accompanied by an increased survival of 4-wk-old cells and a decreased cell death. Altogether, adult neurogenesis was increased in response to exercise in knockout mice. We conclude that beta-endorphin released during running is a key factor for exercise-induced cell proliferation and that a homeostatic balance may regulate the final number of new neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Koehl
- Centre de Recherche INSERM U862, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Hays JT, Hurt RD, Rigotti NA, Niaura R, Gonzales D, Durcan MJ, Sachs DP, Wolter TD, Buist AS, Johnston JA, White JD. Sustained-release bupropion for pharmacologic relapse prevention after smoking cessation. a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2001; 135:423-33. [PMID: 11560455 DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-135-6-200109180-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking relapse is common after successful pharmacologic treatment for smoking cessation. No previous studies have examined long-term drug therapy used expressly for prevention of smoking relapse. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of bupropion to prevent smoking relapse. DESIGN Randomized, placebo-controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS 784 healthy community volunteers who were motivated to quit smoking and who smoked at least 15 cigarettes per day. INTERVENTION The participants received open-label, sustained-release bupropion, 300 mg/d, for 7 weeks. Participants who were abstinent throughout week 7 of open-label treatment were randomly assigned to receive bupropion, 300 mg/d, or placebo for 45 weeks and were subsequently followed for an additional year after the conclusion of the medication phase. Participants were briefly counseled at all follow-up visits. At the end of open-label bupropion treatment, 461 of 784 participants (58.8%) were abstinent from smoking. MEASUREMENT Self-reported abstinence was confirmed by an expired air carbon monoxide concentration of 10 parts per million or less. RESULTS The point prevalence of smoking abstinence was significantly higher in the bupropion group than in the placebo group at the end (week 52) of drug therapy (55.1% vs. 42.3%, respectively; P = 0.008) and at week 78 (47.7% vs. 37.7%; P = 0.034) but did not differ at the final (week 104) follow-up visit (41.6% vs. 40.0%). The median time to relapse was significantly greater for bupropion recipients than for placebo recipients (156 days vs. 65 days; P = 0.021). The continuous abstinence rate was higher in the bupropion group than in the placebo group at study week 24 (17 weeks after randomization) (52.3% vs. 42.3%; P = 0.037) but did not differ between groups after week 24. Weight gain was significantly less in the bupropion group than in the placebo group at study weeks 52 (3.8 kg vs. 5.6 kg; P = 0.002) and 104 (4.1 kg vs. 5.4 kg; P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS In persons who stopped smoking with 7 weeks of bupropion treatment, sustained-release bupropion for 12 months delayed smoking relapse and resulted in less weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Hays
- Nicotine Dependence Center, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Tashkin D, Kanner R, Bailey W, Buist S, Anderson P, Nides M, Gonzales D, Dozier G, Patel MK, Jamerson B. Smoking cessation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. Lancet 2001; 357:1571-5. [PMID: 11377644 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04724-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in more than 80% of cases. Our aim was to investigate the effect of sustained-release bupropion (amfebutamone) (SR) in promoting abstinence from smoking in patients with COPD. METHODS In a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial 404 individuals with mild or moderate COPD who smoked 15 or more cigarettes per day, were assigned bupropion SR (150 mg twice daily) or placebo for 12 weeks. All patients received smoking cessation counselling. Study medication was taken for 1 week before patients attempted to stop smoking. The primary efficacy endpoint was the complete and continuous abstinence from smoking from the beginning of week 4 to the end of week 7. Participants were followed up at month 6. Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS All patients were chronic smokers with a smoking history of about 51 pack-years. Continuous smoking abstinence rates from week 4 to 7 were significantly higher in participants receiving bupropion SR than in those receiving placebo (28% [57/204] vs 16% [32/200], p=0.003). Continuous abstinence rates from weeks 4 to 12 (18% [36/204] vs 10% [20/200]) and weeks 4 to 26 (16% [32/204] vs 9% [18/200]) were also higher in participants receiving bupropion SR than in those taking placebo (p<0.05). Furthermore, symptoms of tobacco craving and withdrawal were attenuated in those receiving bupropion SR. Seven individuals discontinued study medication because of adverse events. INTERPRETATION Bupropion SRis a well-tolerated and effective aid to smoking cessation in people with mild to moderate COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tashkin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, 90095, Los Angeles CA, USA.
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Kuhel WI, Gonzales D, Hoda SA, Pan L, Chiu A, Giri D, DeLellis RA. Synchronous water-clear cell double parathyroid adenomas a hitherto uncharacterized entity? Arch Pathol Lab Med 2001; 125:256-9. [PMID: 11175646 DOI: 10.5858/2001-125-0256-swccdp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Water-clear cell hyperplasia is a rare but well-documented cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroid adenomas of the water-clear cell type are exceptionally rare, and only 2 cases have been reported. We describe a patient with synchronous water-clear cell double parathyroid adenomas, an entity that has not previously been reported. In our case, the enlarged superior parathyroid glands were completely replaced by water-clear cells, with only a minute rim of extracapsular, histologically unremarkable parathyroid tissue. The inferior parathyroid glands were grossly unremarkable, and incisional biopsy specimens were histologically normal (no foci of water-clear cells were identified). The findings in this case are most consistent with the diagnosis of double adenomas of the water-clear cell type. We acknowledge that despite molecular proof of monoclonality of the 2 lesions, it is not possible to entirely exclude the possibility that this unusual case could be due to asymmetric hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- W I Kuhel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Fan K, Sevoian M, Gonzales D. Instability studies of porcine somatotropin in aqueous solutions and the possible reagents for its stabilization. J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48:5685-5691. [PMID: 11087539 DOI: 10.1021/jf990801p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The instability of porcine somatotropin (pST) in various solutions and possible stabilization of the hormone by sugars and mild detergents were studied. Aggregation and decomposition of the hormone molecules in various pH solutions and under presence of sugar or detergent were monitored by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) or ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV). The pST is a very unstable hormone in an aqueous environment. It was found in this project that the peptide hormone underwent aggregation or decomposition quickly in acidic and alkaline solutions but slowly in neutral pH solutions. High losses of pST monomers were seen in concentrated solutions of the hormone. On the other hand, pST monomers were stabilized to a certain degree in glucose solutions and at a low concentration of urea. These results should facilitate the development of efficient controlled-release systems which are essential for commercializing porcine somatotropin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fan
- Biomatrix, Incorporated, 65 Railroad Avenue, Ridgefield, New Jersey 07657, USA.
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Gonzales D. Project 51. "The long road to the Smithsonian". Emerg Med Serv 2000; 29:89-90, 103. [PMID: 11140061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Alessandrello A, Brofferio C, Carbone L, Cremonesi O, Fiorini E, Giuliani A, Nucciotti A, Pavan M, Pessina G, Pirro S, Previtali E, Vanzini M, Zanotti L, Beeman J, McDonald R, Haller E, Norman E, Smith A, Ventura G, Frossati G, de Waard A, Arpesella C, Bucci C, Gervasio G, Gonin Y, Vuilleumier J, Avignone F, Creswick R, Farach H, Cebrian S, Garcia E, Gonzales D, Irastroza I, Morales A, Morales J, Ortiz A, Peruzzi A, Puimedon J, Sarsa M, Scopel S, Villar J. The first step toward CUORE: Cuoricino, a thermal detector array to search for rare events. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-5632(00)00637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
The two proteins encoded by the fast alkali myosin light chain (MLC) 1f/3f locus are developmentally regulated, muscle specific, and expressed exclusively in fast-twitch fibers. Their expression is independently regulated by two separate promoters and a downstream enhancer. Previous studies showed a reporter gene directed by the rat MLC If promoter and MLC enhancer to exhibit correct skeletal muscle-specific expression in transgenic mice during development and to be preferentially expressed in fast-twitch Type IIB fibers [Donoghue et al., (1991) J. Cell B.ol. 115:423-434]. The MLC 3f promoter also directed muscle-specific expression of a CAT reporter gene in adult transgenic mice and showed little dependence upon the enhancer. Here, we show that the MLC 3f promoter also directs transgene expression in the fast-twitch fibers of adult skeletal muscle, but almost exclusively to fiber Types IIA and IIX. MLC 3f transgene expression occurs in only a subset of the fiber types that express the endogenous locus, indicating modular elements included in the transgene confer fiber-specific transcription regulation. MyoD protein was also found to be restricted to fiber Types IIA and IIX, providing evidence for its possible role in mediating fiber-specific gene expression.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/biosynthesis
- Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/genetics
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Genes, Reporter
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle Development
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/classification
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/metabolism
- Muscle Proteins/biosynthesis
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle, Skeletal/growth & development
- MyoD Protein/biosynthesis
- MyoD Protein/genetics
- Myosin Light Chains/genetics
- Rats
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/biosynthesis
- Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
- Transgenes
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Affiliation(s)
- C Neville
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown 02129-2060, USA
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Nides MA, Rakos RF, Gonzales D, Murray RP, Tashkin DP, Bjornson-Benson WM, Lindgren P, Connett JE. Predictors of initial smoking cessation and relapse through the first 2 years of the Lung Health Study. J Consult Clin Psychol 1995. [PMID: 7896992 DOI: 10.1037//0022-006x.63.1.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Analyses were made separately for men and women of the predictors of end-of-treatment (4 months) smoking cessation and subsequent relapse at 12 and 24 months among 3,923 participants enrolled in the Lung Health Study's 12-week cognitive-behavioral group smoking cessation program. Nicotine gum (2 mg) was available to all participants. Men were more likely than women to quit smoking initially, but relapse rates were similar for both genders. Baseline variables associated with initial quitting for both genders included greater education, lower nicotine dependence, and fewer respiratory symptoms. The best predictor of relapse between 4 and 12 months was smoking at least 1 cigarette between quit day and 4 months. Nicotine gum use at 12 months predicted relapse by 24 months for both genders. Greater social and environmental support for quitting smoking were the only factors that predicted both initial quitting and relapse for both genders. Clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Nides
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA 90024
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Nides MA, Rakos RF, Gonzales D, Murray RP, Tashkin DP, Bjornson-Benson WM, Lindgren P, Connett JE. Predictors of initial smoking cessation and relapse through the first 2 years of the Lung Health Study. J Consult Clin Psychol 1995; 63:60-9. [PMID: 7896992 DOI: 10.1037/0022-006x.63.1.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Analyses were made separately for men and women of the predictors of end-of-treatment (4 months) smoking cessation and subsequent relapse at 12 and 24 months among 3,923 participants enrolled in the Lung Health Study's 12-week cognitive-behavioral group smoking cessation program. Nicotine gum (2 mg) was available to all participants. Men were more likely than women to quit smoking initially, but relapse rates were similar for both genders. Baseline variables associated with initial quitting for both genders included greater education, lower nicotine dependence, and fewer respiratory symptoms. The best predictor of relapse between 4 and 12 months was smoking at least 1 cigarette between quit day and 4 months. Nicotine gum use at 12 months predicted relapse by 24 months for both genders. Greater social and environmental support for quitting smoking were the only factors that predicted both initial quitting and relapse for both genders. Clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Nides
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA 90024
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Ossoff RH, Aly A, Gonzales D, Koriwchak MJ, Houchin N. A new endotracheal tube for carbon dioxide and KTP laser surgery of the aerodigestive tract. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1993; 108:96-9. [PMID: 8437882 DOI: 10.1177/019459989310800115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We have tested the fire-resistance of a new endotracheal tube designed for use in laser surgery of the upper aerodigestive tract. This Teflon/metallic-wrapped silicone tube seems capable of withstanding occasional, accidental pulsed laser impact at power settings used clinically (1 to 10 watts) without fire. On rare occasions when continuous mode is used, the tube seems capable of withstanding at least several seconds of continuous irradiation at clinical power settings without igniting. When used with other recommended safety procedures, this tube should minimize the risk of endotracheal tube fire from accidental laser impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Ossoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-2559
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Hainaut P, Castellazzi M, Gonzales D, Clausse N, Hilgers J, Crépin M. A congenic line of the BALB/c mouse strain with the endogenous mouse mammary tumor virus proviral gene Mtv-3: tissue-specific expression and correlation with resistance to mouse mammary tumor virus infection and tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 1990; 50:3754-60. [PMID: 2160325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) expression and MMTV-induced tumorigenesis were studied in a congenic line of the BALB/cHeA strain, termed BALB/c-Mtv-3+, that carries the Mtv-3 proviral gene. BALB/c-Mtv-3+ mice were free of milk-transmitted MMTV and did not spontaneously develop mammary tumors. A specific Mtv-3 expression was observed in the mammary gland and spleen, but not in other lymphoid tissues, such as thymus and bone marrow. This expression was hormone dependent, as shown by the increase of MMTV mRNA during pregnancy. At the protein level, large amounts of p28, but only traces of gp52, the main MMTV core and envelope antigens, respectively, were observed, in agreement with the already described "partial" expression of the Mtv-3 gene products. The presence of the 24S (3.8 kilobases) mRNA encoding the MMTV env antigens in the spleen and the low gp52 reactivity in lactating mammary glands showed that this noncoordinate expression was probably due to a defect in translation or posttranslational processing of env proteins. The susceptibility of BALB/c-Mtv-3+ to experimental MMTV infection was studied. The presence of Mtv-3 conferred to BALB/c mice resistance to MMTV infection, as shown by measuring viral antigens released in the milk of infected mice and by recording the incidence of early mammary tumors. The presence of a nontumorigenic endogenous MMTV gene was therefore protective against exogenous MMTV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hainaut
- Département de Microbiologie, B23, CHU, Université de Liège, Belgium
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Bartke A, Matt KS, Amador AG, Klemcke HG, Brown D, Gonzales D, Hogan MP. Effects of inhibitory and stimulatory photoperiods and sexual maturation on the ability of hamster testes to respond to hCG in vitro. Int J Androl 1985; 8:232-42. [PMID: 3902663 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.1985.tb00838.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The decrease in gonadal weight produced in adult golden hamsters by exposure to short photoperiods was accompanied by a marked reduction in the ability of the testes to produce testosterone from endogenous precursors in vitro, both without and with hCG stimulation. These changes were significant after 4-7 weeks in short photoperiod (5L: 19D) and were even more pronounced after 17-20 weeks. Production of testosterone in vitro by testes of immature hamsters was comparable to values obtained in adult animals with short photoperiod-induced gonadal atrophy. Delay of sexual maturation induced by daily injections of bromocriptine was accompanied by a further decrease in testicular testosterone production in vitro. Exposure of gonadally-regressed adult hamsters to a long, stimulatory photoperiod (14L: 10D) produced a rapid and marked increase in testicular testosterone production, which was coincident with the previously demonstrated increase in serum gonadotrophin levels after 1-5 days of photostimulation. Furthermore, testosterone production in vitro by regressed testes of animals exposed to short photoperiod was increased significantly by one large dose of hCG administered 26 h before killing the animals. It is concluded that the suppressive effects of short photoperiods on the ability of the hamster testis to produce testosterone and to respond to hCG stimulation are due to reductions in endogenous LH, FSH and prolactin release, with a consequent loss of testicular LH/hCG receptors and decreased activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of testosterone.
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Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) dependent cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation was evaluated in renal cortex from 2- and 12-month-old rats. Basal cAMP was lower, and responses to PTH were greater at all concentrations of hormone in kidney from 2-month-old rats. This difference was obliterated by prior removal of parathyroid glands. cAMP responses to calcitonin and both basal and hormone-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity were the same at both ages. The results suggest progressive loss of responsiveness to PTH with age, but at a site other than the receptor-adenylate cyclase complex. Blunted cAMP accumulation in year-old rats most likely reflects agonist-specific desensitization.
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Quirós C, Bresani F, Gonzales D, Pedraza F, Petrozzi A, Rubín de Celis E, Sotelo A, Vasi A, Velasco O, Zlatar M. [Social security services as a function of public health programs in Latin American countries]. An Fac Med Lima 1966; 49:259-278. [PMID: 5989499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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