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Gulej R, Nyúl-Tóth Á, Csik B, Petersen B, Faakye J, Negri S, Chandragiri SS, Mukli P, Yabluchanskiy A, Conley S, Huffman DM, Csiszar A, Tarantini S, Ungvari Z. Rejuvenation of cerebromicrovascular function in aged mice through heterochronic parabiosis: insights into neurovascular coupling and the impact of young blood factors. GeroScience 2024; 46:327-347. [PMID: 38123890 PMCID: PMC10828280 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related impairment of neurovascular coupling (NVC; "functional hyperemia") is a critical factor in the development of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Recent geroscience research indicates that cell-autonomous mechanisms alone cannot explain all aspects of neurovascular aging. Circulating factors derived from other organs, including pro-geronic factors (increased with age and detrimental to vascular homeostasis) and anti-geronic factors (preventing cellular aging phenotypes and declining with age), are thought to orchestrate cellular aging processes. This study aimed to investigate the influence of age-related changes in circulating factors on neurovascular aging. Heterochronic parabiosis was utilized to assess how exposure to young or old systemic environments could modulate neurovascular aging. Results demonstrated a significant decline in NVC responses in aged mice subjected to isochronic parabiosis (20-month-old C57BL/6 mice [A-(A)]; 6 weeks of parabiosis) when compared to young isochronic parabionts (6-month-old, [Y-(Y)]). However, exposure to young blood from parabionts significantly improved NVC in aged heterochronic parabionts [A-(Y)]. Conversely, young mice exposed to old blood from aged parabionts exhibited impaired NVC responses [Y-(A)]. In conclusion, even a brief exposure to a youthful humoral environment can mitigate neurovascular aging phenotypes, rejuvenating NVC responses. Conversely, short-term exposure to an aged humoral milieu in young mice accelerates the acquisition of neurovascular aging traits. These findings highlight the plasticity of neurovascular aging and suggest the presence of circulating anti-geronic factors capable of rejuvenating the aging cerebral microcirculation. Further research is needed to explore whether young blood factors can extend their rejuvenating effects to address other age-related cerebromicrovascular pathologies, such as blood-brain barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Boglarka Csik
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Benjamin Petersen
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Janet Faakye
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sharon Negri
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Siva Sai Chandragiri
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Peter Mukli
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Shannon Conley
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Adwan Shekhidem H, Sharvit L, Huffman DM, Manov I, Atzmon G, Shams I. Damage-Free Shortening of Telomeres Is a Potential Strategy Supporting Blind Mole-Rat Longevity. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040845. [PMID: 37107603 PMCID: PMC10137574 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere shortening or loss of shelterin components activates DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, leading to a replicative senescence that is usually coupled with a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Recent studies suggested that telomere aberration that activates DDR may occur, irrespective of telomere length or loss of shelterin complex. The blind mole-rat (Spalax) is a subterranean rodent with exceptional longevity, and its cells demonstrate an uncoupling of senescence and SASP inflammatory components. Herein, we evaluated Spalax relative telomere length, telomerase activity, and shelterin expression, along with telomere-associated DNA damage foci (TAFs) levels with cell passage. We show that telomeres shorten in Spalax fibroblasts similar to the process in rats, and that the telomerase activity is lower. Moreover, we found lower DNA damage foci at the telomeres and a decline in the mRNA expression of two shelterin proteins, known as ATM/ATR repressors. Although additional studies are required for understanding the underling mechanism, our present results imply that Spalax genome protection strategies include effective telomere maintenance, preventing early cellular senescence induced by persistent DDR, thereby contributing to its longevity and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lital Sharvit
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Derek M. Huffman
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, Medicine, and the Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Irena Manov
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Imad Shams
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
- Correspondence:
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Choi J, Houston M, Wang R, Ye K, Li W, Zhang X, Huffman DM, Augenlicht LH. Intestinal stem cell aging at single-cell resolution: Transcriptional perturbations alter cell developmental trajectory reversed by gerotherapeutics. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13802. [PMID: 36864750 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium consists of cells derived from continuously cycling Lgr5hi intestinal stem cells (Lgr5hi ISCs) that mature developmentally in an ordered fashion as the cells progress along the crypt-luminal axis. Perturbed function of Lgr5hi ISCs with aging is documented, but the consequent impact on overall mucosal homeostasis has not been defined. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, the progressive maturation of progeny was dissected in the mouse intestine, which revealed that transcriptional reprogramming with aging in Lgr5hi ISCs retarded the maturation of cells in their progression along the crypt-luminal axis. Importantly, treatment with metformin or rapamycin at a late stage of mouse lifespan reversed the effects of aging on the function of Lgr5hi ISCs and subsequent maturation of progenitors. The effects of metformin and rapamycin overlapped in reversing changes of transcriptional profiles but were also complementary, with metformin more efficient than rapamycin in correcting the developmental trajectory. Therefore, our data identify novel effects of aging on stem cells and the maturation of their daughter cells contributing to the decline of epithelial regeneration and the correction by geroprotectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahn Choi
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Michele Houston
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ruixuan Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kenny Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Wenge Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Xusheng Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Leonard H Augenlicht
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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4
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Novaj A, Engel MG, Wang R, Mao K, Xue X, Amir Y, Atzmon G, Huffman DM. Dietary Walnuts Preserve Aspects of Health Span and Alter the Hippocampal Lipidome in Aged High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032314. [PMID: 36768636 PMCID: PMC9916809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence continues to accrue that aging and its diseases can be delayed by pharmacologic and dietary strategies that target the underlying hallmarks of the aging process. However, identifying simple, safe, and effective dietary strategies involving the incorporation of whole foods that may confer some protection against the aging process is also needed. Recent observational studies have suggested that nut consumption can reduce mortality risk in humans. Among these, walnuts are particularly intriguing, given their high content of n-3 fatty acids, fiber, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds. To this end, 12-month-old male CB6F1 mice were provided either a defined control low-fat diet (LFD), a control high-fat diet (HFD), or an isocaloric HFD containing 7.67% walnuts by weight (HFD + W), and measures of healthspan and related biochemical markers (n = 10-19 per group) as well as survival (n = 20 per group) were monitored. Mice provided the HFD or HFD + W demonstrated marked weight gain, but walnuts lowered baseline glucose (p < 0.05) and tended to temper the effects of HFD on liver weight gain (p < 0.05) and insulin tolerance (p = 0.1). Additional assays suggested a beneficial effect on some indicators of health with walnut supplementation, including preservation of exercise capacity and improved short-term working memory, as determined by Y maze (p = 0.02). However, no effect was observed via any diet on inflammatory markers, antioxidant capacity, or survival (p = 0.2). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of the hippocampal transcriptome identified two processes predicted to be affected by walnuts and potentially linked to cognitive function, including estrogen signaling and lipid metabolism, with changes in the latter confirmed by lipidomic analysis. In summary, while walnuts did not significantly improve survival on a HFD, they tended to preserve features of healthspan in the context of a metabolic stressor with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardijana Novaj
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Matthew G. Engel
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ruixuan Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Kai Mao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yam Amir
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Derek M. Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-718-430-4278; Fax: +1-718-430-8922
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5
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Rodriguez SL, Carver CM, Dosch AJ, Huffman DM, Duke Boynton FD, Ayasoufi K, Schafer MJ. An optimized mouse parabiosis protocol for investigation of aging and rejuvenative mechanisms. Front Aging 2022; 3:993658. [PMID: 36276605 PMCID: PMC9582328 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.993658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Surgical parabiosis enables sharing of the circulating milieu between two organisms. This powerful model presents diverse complications based on age, strain, sex, and other experimental parameters. Here, we provide an optimized parabiosis protocol for the surgical union of two mice internally at the elbow and knee joints with continuous external joining of the skin. This protocol incorporates guidance and solutions to complications that can occur, particularly in aging studies, including non-cohesive pairing, variable anesthesia sensitivity, external and internal dehiscence, dehydration, and weight loss. We also offer a straightforward method for validating postoperative blood chimerism and confirming its time course using flow cytometry. Utilization of our optimized protocol can facilitate reproducible parabiosis experimentation to dynamically explore mechanisms of aging and rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia L. Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Chase M. Carver
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Andrew J. Dosch
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Derek M. Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Marissa J. Schafer
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States,Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States,*Correspondence: Marissa J. Schafer,
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Engel MG, Smith J, Mao K, Quipildor GF, Cui MH, Gulinello M, Branch CA, Gandy SE, Huffman DM. Evidence for preserved insulin responsiveness in the aging rat brain. GeroScience 2022; 44:2491-2508. [PMID: 35798912 PMCID: PMC9768080 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin appears to exert salutary effects in the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, brain insulin resistance has been proposed to play a role in brain aging and dementia but is conceptually complex and unlikely to fit classic definitions established in peripheral tissues. Thus, we sought to characterize brain insulin responsiveness in young (4-5 months) and old (24 months) FBN male rats using a diverse set of assays to determine the extent to which insulin effects in the CNS are impaired with age. When performing hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps in rats, intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of insulin in old animals improved peripheral insulin sensitivity by nearly two-fold over old controls and comparable to young rats, suggesting preservation of this insulin-triggered response in aging per se (p < 0.05). We next used an imaging-based approach by comparing ICV vehicle versus insulin and performed resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to evaluate age- and insulin-related changes in network connectivity within the default mode network. In aging, lower connectivity between the mesial temporal (MT) region and other areas, as well as reduced MT signal complexity, was observed in old rats, which correlated with greater cognitive deficits in old. Despite these stark differences, ICV insulin failed to elicit any significant alteration to the BOLD signal in young rats, while a significant deviation of the BOLD signal was observed in older animals, characterized by augmentation in regions of the septal nucleus and hypothalamus, and reduction in thalamus and nucleus accumbens. In contrast, ex vivo stimulation of hippocampus with 10 nM insulin revealed increased Akt activation in young (p < 0.05), but not old rats. Despite similar circulating levels of insulin and IGF-1, cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of these ligands were reduced with age. Thus, these data highlight the complexity of capturing brain insulin action and demonstrate preserved or heightened brain responses to insulin with age, despite dampened canonical signaling, thereby suggesting impaired CNS input of these ligands may be a feature of reduced brain insulin action, providing further rationale for CNS replacement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Engel
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Golding Building Room 201, BronxBronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jeremy Smith
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kai Mao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Golding Building Room 201, BronxBronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gabriela Farias Quipildor
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Golding Building Room 201, BronxBronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Min-Hui Cui
- Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Maria Gulinello
- Dominick S. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Behavioral Core Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Craig A Branch
- Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Samuel E Gandy
- Department of Neurology and the Mount Sinai Center for Cognitive Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and the Mount Sinai Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Golding Building Room 201, BronxBronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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Yousefzadeh MJ, Robbins PD, Huffman DM. Heterochronic parabiosis: a valuable tool to investigate cellular senescence and other hallmarks of aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3325-3328. [PMID: 35417855 PMCID: PMC9037264 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parabiosis is a well-established method to facilitate a shared blood supply between two conjoined animals. In particular, the pairing of mice of dissimilar ages, termed heterochronic parabiosis, has been used extensively for differentiating cell autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms of aging. Analysis of heterochronic parabionts also has helped to identify individual circulating factors that may act as either pro- or anti-geronics. Heterochronic parabiosis also has proven to be a valuable experimental system to evaluate the effects of specific hallmarks of aging on the process of aging. For example, heterochronic parabiosis was used recently to examine whether cellular senescence was driven via cell autonomous and/or non-autonomous mechanisms. As anticipated, markers of cellular senescence were elevated in old isochronically-paired mice relative to young controls. However, compared to old isochronically paired mice, the senescent cell burden was reduced in multiple tissues of old parabionts joined with young mice. This suggests that the rejuvenation of cells and tissues in old mice by exposure to young blood could be mediated, in part, through suppression or immune clearance of senescent cells. Conversely, young heterochronic parabionts showed increased markers of cellular senescence, demonstrating that exposure to an old circulation is able to drive senescence through a cell non-autonomous mechanism(s), likely contributing to accelerated aging in the young mice. Thus, heterochronic parabiosis is still an important methodology that should continue to be leveraged for evaluating other hallmarks of aging and their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Yousefzadeh
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Kiss T, Nyúl-Tóth Á, Gulej R, Tarantini S, Csipo T, Mukli P, Ungvari A, Balasubramanian P, Yabluchanskiy A, Benyo Z, Conley SM, Wren JD, Garman L, Huffman DM, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z. Old blood from heterochronic parabionts accelerates vascular aging in young mice: transcriptomic signature of pathologic smooth muscle remodeling. GeroScience 2022; 44:953-981. [PMID: 35124764 PMCID: PMC9135944 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00519-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular aging has a central role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases contributing to increased mortality of older adults. There is increasing evidence that, in addition to the documented role of cell-autonomous mechanisms of aging, cell-nonautonomous mechanisms also play a critical role in the regulation of vascular aging processes. Our recent transcriptomic studies (Kiss T. et al. Geroscience. 2020;42(2):727-748) demonstrated that circulating anti-geronic factors from young blood promote vascular rejuvenation in aged mice. The present study was designed to expand upon the results of this study by testing the hypothesis that circulating pro-geronic factors also contribute to the genesis of vascular aging phenotypes. To test this hypothesis, through heterochronic parabiosis, we determined the extent to which shifts in the vascular transcriptome (RNA-seq) are modulated by the old systemic environment. We reanalyzed existing RNA-seq data, comparing the transcriptome in the aorta arch samples isolated from isochronic parabiont aged (20-month-old) C57BL/6 mice [A-(A); parabiosis for 8 weeks] and young isochronic parabiont (6-month-old) mice [Y-(Y)] and also assessing transcriptomic changes in the aortic arch in young (6-month-old) parabiont mice [Y-(A); heterochronic parabiosis for 8 weeks] induced by the presence of old blood derived from aged (20-month-old) parabionts. We identified 528 concordant genes whose expression levels differed in the aged phenotype and were shifted towards the aged phenotype by the presence of old blood in young Y-(A) animals. Among them, the expression of 221 concordant genes was unaffected by the presence of young blood in A-(Y) mice. GO enrichment analysis suggests that old blood-regulated genes may contribute to pathologic vascular remodeling. IPA Upstream Regulator analysis (performed to identify upstream transcriptional regulators that may contribute to the observed transcriptomic changes) suggests that the mechanism of action of pro-geronic factors present in old blood may include inhibition of pathways mediated by SRF (serum response factor), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and VEGF-A. In conclusion, relatively short-term exposure to old blood can accelerate vascular aging processes. Our findings provide additional evidence supporting the significant plasticity of vascular aging and the existence of circulating pro-geronic factors mediating pathological remodeling of the vascular smooth muscle cells and the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Kiss
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, First Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Tamas Csipo
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Mukli
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Priya Balasubramanian
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Zoltan Benyo
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shannon M. Conley
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Jonathan D. Wren
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Lori Garman
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Derek M. Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
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9
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Lei H, Huffman DM, Salmon AB, LeBrasseur NK, Carter C, Richardson A, Austad S, Ladiges W. Resilience to aging is a heterogeneous characteristic defined by physical stressors. Aging Pathobiol Ther 2022; 4:19-22. [PMID: 35475259 PMCID: PMC9038086 DOI: 10.31491/apt.2022.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Physical resilience, the capacity to respond to and recover from a stressful event, declines with advancing age. Individuals respond differently to physical stressors across their lifespans. While the biological underpinnings of resilience remain unclear, a plausible determinant is the capacity of an individual's cellular and molecular levels to return to homeostasis after a physical challenge. Impaired resilience may not only be a consequence of aging but could also be a contributing factor to the aging process. Therefore, resilience at relatively younger ages could be predictive of future health and lifespan. By utilizing standardized physical challenges and measuring stress response patterns, the relative resilience of individuals can be quantified and classified. Current preclinical research suggests that several physical stressors could be used to measure resilience in clinical aging studies. A mechanistic understanding of why some individuals are more resilient to physical stressors than others could help identify protective factors and therapeutic ways to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyi Lei
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Derek M. Huffman
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, Medicine and Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Adam B. Salmon
- San Antonio Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Molecular Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nathan K. LeBrasseur
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christy Carter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, School of Medicine, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Arlan Richardson
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center. Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Steve Austad
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Warren Ladiges
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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10
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Peng S, Zeng L, Haure-Mirande JV, Wang M, Huffman DM, Haroutunian V, Ehrlich ME, Zhang B, Tu Z. Transcriptomic Changes Highly Similar to Alzheimer's Disease Are Observed in a Subpopulation of Individuals During Normal Brain Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:711524. [PMID: 34924992 PMCID: PMC8675870 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.711524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD). How aging contributes to the development of LOAD remains elusive. In this study, we examined multiple large-scale transcriptomic datasets from both normal aging and LOAD brains to understand the molecular interconnection between aging and LOAD. We found that shared gene expression changes between aging and LOAD are mostly seen in the hippocampal and several cortical regions. In the hippocampus, the expression of phosphoprotein, alternative splicing and cytoskeleton genes are commonly changed in both aging and AD, while synapse, ion transport, and synaptic vesicle genes are commonly down-regulated. Aging-specific changes are associated with acetylation and methylation, while LOAD-specific changes are more related to glycoprotein (both up- and down-regulations), inflammatory response (up-regulation), myelin sheath and lipoprotein (down-regulation). We also found that normal aging brain transcriptomes from relatively young donors (45–70 years old) clustered into several subgroups and some subgroups showed gene expression changes highly similar to those seen in LOAD brains. Using brain transcriptomic datasets from another cohort of older individuals (>70 years), we found that samples from cognitively normal older individuals clustered with the “healthy aging” subgroup while AD samples mainly clustered with the “AD similar” subgroups. This may imply that individuals in the healthy aging subgroup will likely remain cognitively normal when they become older and vice versa. In summary, our results suggest that on the transcriptome level, aging and LOAD have strong interconnections in some brain regions in a subpopulation of cognitively normal aging individuals. This supports the theory that the initiation of LOAD occurs decades earlier than the manifestation of clinical phenotype and it may be essential to closely study the “normal brain aging” to identify the very early molecular events that may lead to LOAD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouneng Peng
- Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Lu Zeng
- Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | | | - Minghui Wang
- Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Michelle E Ehrlich
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Zhidong Tu
- Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
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11
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Farias Quipildor G, Mao K, Beltran PJ, Barzilai N, Huffman DM. Modulation of Glucose Production by Central Insulin Requires IGF-1 Receptors in AgRP Neurons. Diabetes 2021; 70:2237-2249. [PMID: 34285117 PMCID: PMC8928909 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Similar to insulin, central administration of IGF-1 can suppress hepatic glucose production (HGP), but it is unclear whether this effect is mediated via insulin receptors (InsRs) or IGF-1 receptors (IGF-1Rs) in the brain. To this end, we used pharmacologic and genetic approaches in combination with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps to decipher the role of these receptors in mediating central effects of IGF-1 and insulin on HGP. In rats, we observed that intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of IGF-1 or insulin markedly increased the glucose infusion rate (GIR) by >50% and suppressed HGP (P < 0.001). However, these effects were completely prevented by preemptive ICV infusion with an IGF-1R and InsR/IGF-1R hybrid (HybridR) blocking antibody. Likewise, ICV infusion of the InsR antagonist, S961, which also can bind HybridRs, interfered with the ability of central insulin, but not IGF-1, to increase the GIR. Furthermore, hyperinsulinemic clamps in mice lacking IGF-1Rs in AgRP neurons revealed ∼30% reduction in the GIR in knockout animals, which was explained by an impaired ability of peripheral insulin to completely suppress HGP (P < 0.05). Signaling studies further revealed an impaired ability of peripheral insulin to trigger ribosomal S6 phosphorylation or phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate production in AgRP neurons lacking IGF-1Rs. In summary, these data suggest that attenuation of IGF-1R signaling in the mediobasal hypothalamus, and specifically in AgRP neurons, can phenocopy impaired regulation of HGP as previously demonstrated in mice lacking InsRs in these cells, suggesting a previously unappreciated role for IGF-1Rs and/or HybridRs in the regulation of central insulin/IGF-1 signaling in glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Farias Quipildor
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes & Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Kai Mao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes & Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes & Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes & Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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12
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Huffman DM, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z. Heterochronic blood exchange attenuates age-related neuroinflammation and confers cognitive benefits: do microvascular protective effects play a role? GeroScience 2021; 43:111-113. [PMID: 33511487 PMCID: PMC8050131 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine, The Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Forchheimer Bldg., Rm. 236, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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13
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Mann SN, Hadad N, Nelson Holte M, Rothman AR, Sathiaseelan R, Ali Mondal S, Agbaga MP, Unnikrishnan A, Subramaniam M, Hawse J, Huffman DM, Freeman WM, Stout MB. Health benefits attributed to 17α-estradiol, a lifespan-extending compound, are mediated through estrogen receptor α. eLife 2020; 9:59616. [PMID: 33289482 PMCID: PMC7744101 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction underlies several chronic diseases, many of which are exacerbated by obesity. Dietary interventions can reverse metabolic declines and slow aging, although compliance issues remain paramount. 17α-estradiol treatment improves metabolic parameters and slows aging in male mice. The mechanisms by which 17α-estradiol elicits these benefits remain unresolved. Herein, we show that 17α-estradiol elicits similar genomic binding and transcriptional activation through estrogen receptor α (ERα) to that of 17β-estradiol. In addition, we show that the ablation of ERα completely attenuates the beneficial metabolic effects of 17α-E2 in male mice. Our findings suggest that 17α-E2 may act through the liver and hypothalamus to improve metabolic parameters in male mice. Lastly, we also determined that 17α-E2 improves metabolic parameters in male rats, thereby proving that the beneficial effects of 17α-E2 are not limited to mice. Collectively, these studies suggest ERα may be a drug target for mitigating chronic diseases in male mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani N Mann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Niran Hadad
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, United States
| | - Molly Nelson Holte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - Alicia R Rothman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Roshini Sathiaseelan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Samim Ali Mondal
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Martin-Paul Agbaga
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Archana Unnikrishnan
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | | | - John Hawse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Willard M Freeman
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, United States.,Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Michael B Stout
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
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14
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Abstract
As 2020 is "The Year of the Rat" in the Chinese astrological calendar, it seems an appropriate time to consider whether we should bring back the laboratory rat to front-and-center in research on the basic biology of mammalian aging. Beginning in the 1970s, aging research with rats became common, peaking in 1992 but then declined dramatically by 2018 as the mouse became preeminent. The purpose of this review is to highlight some of the historical contributions as well as current advantages of the rat as a mammalian model of human aging, because we suspect at least a generation of researchers is no longer aware of this history or these advantages. Herein, we compare and contrast the mouse and rat in the context of several biological domains relevant to their use as appropriate models of aging: phylogeny/domestication, longevity interventions, pathology/physiology, and behavior/cognition. It is not the goal of this review to give a complete characterization of the differences between mice and rats, but to provide important examples of why using rats as well as mice is important to advance our understanding of the biology of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy S Carter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Arlan Richardson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, and the Oklahoma City VA Medical Center
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Steven Austad
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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15
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Lei C, Colangelo D, Patil P, Li V, Ngo K, Wang D, Dong Q, Yousefzadeh MJ, Lin H, Lee J, Kang J, Sowa G, Wyss-Coray T, Niedernhofer LJ, Robbins PD, Huffman DM, Vo N. Influences of circulatory factors on intervertebral disc aging phenotype. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:12285-12304. [PMID: 32527988 PMCID: PMC7343497 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Whether disc aging is influenced by factors beyond its local environment is an important unresolved question. Here we performed heterochronic parabiosis in mice to study the effects of circulating factors in young and old blood on age-associated intervertebral disc degeneration. Compared to young isochronic pairs (Y-Y), young mice paired with old mice (Y-O) showed significant increases in levels of disc MMP-13 and ADAMTS4, aggrecan fragmentation, and histologic tissue degeneration, but negligible changes in cellular senescence markers (p16INK4a, p21Cip1). Compared to old isochronic pairs (O-O), old mice paired with young mice (O-Y) exhibited a significant decrease in expression of cellular senescence markers (p16, p21, p53), but only marginal decreases in the levels of disc MMP-13 and ADAMTS4, aggrecan fragmentation, and histologic degeneration. Thus, exposing old mice to young blood circulation greatly suppressed disc cellular senescence, but only slightly decreased disc matrix imbalance and degeneration. Conversely, exposing young mice to old blood accelerated their disc matrix imbalance and tissue degeneration, with little effects on disc cellular senescence. Thus, non-cell autonomous effects of circulating factors on disc cellular senescence and matrix homeostasis are complex and suggest that disc matrix homeostasis is modulated by systemic factors and not solely through local disc cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changbin Lei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangdong 510630, China.,Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Hunan 423000, China
| | - Debora Colangelo
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33410, USA
| | - Prashanti Patil
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Vivian Li
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kevin Ngo
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Dong Wang
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Qing Dong
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Matthew J Yousefzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Hongsheng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Hunan 423000, China
| | - Joon Lee
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - James Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Sowa
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Nam Vo
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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16
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Carey M, Lontchi-Yimagou E, Mitchell W, Reda S, Zhang K, Kehlenbrink S, Koppaka S, Maginley SR, Aleksic S, Bhansali S, Huffman DM, Hawkins M. Central K ATP Channels Modulate Glucose Effectiveness in Humans and Rodents. Diabetes 2020; 69:1140-1148. [PMID: 32217610 PMCID: PMC7243288 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a potent regulator of endogenous glucose production (EGP). Loss of this "glucose effectiveness" is a major contributor to elevated plasma glucose concentrations in type 2 diabetes (T2D). KATP channels in the central nervous system have been shown to regulate EGP in humans and rodents. We examined the contribution of central KATP channels to glucose effectiveness. Under fixed hormonal conditions (studies using a pancreatic clamp), hyperglycemia suppressed EGP by ∼50% in both humans without diabetes and normal Sprague-Dawley rats. By contrast, antagonism of KATP channels with glyburide significantly reduced the EGP-lowering effect of hyperglycemia in both humans and rats. Furthermore, the effects of glyburide on EGP and gluconeogenic enzymes were abolished in rats by intracerebroventricular administration of the KATP channel agonist diazoxide. These findings indicate that about half of the suppression of EGP by hyperglycemia is mediated by central KATP channels. These central mechanisms may offer a novel therapeutic target for improving glycemic control in subjects with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Carey
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | | | | | - Sarah Reda
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Kehao Zhang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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17
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Kiss T, Tarantini S, Csipo T, Balasubramanian P, Nyúl-Tóth Á, Yabluchanskiy A, Wren JD, Garman L, Huffman DM, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z. Circulating anti-geronic factors from heterochonic parabionts promote vascular rejuvenation in aged mice: transcriptional footprint of mitochondrial protection, attenuation of oxidative stress, and rescue of endothelial function by young blood. GeroScience 2020; 42:727-748. [PMID: 32172434 PMCID: PMC7205954 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-induced functional and phenotypic alterations of the vasculature (e.g., endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress) have a central role in morbidity and mortality of older adults. It has become apparent in recent years that cell autonomous mechanisms alone are inadequate to explain all aspects of vascular aging. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that age-related changes in circulating anti-geronic factors contribute to the regulation of vascular aging processes in a non-cell autonomous manner. To test this hypothesis, through heterochronic parabiosis we determined the extent, if any, to which endothelial function, vascular production of ROS, and shifts in the vascular transcriptome (RNA-seq) are modulated by the systemic environment. We found that in aortas isolated from isochronic parabiont aged (20-month-old) C57BL/6 mice [A-(A); parabiosis for 8 weeks] acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation was impaired and ROS production (dihydroethidium fluorescence) was increased as compared with those in aortas from young isochronic parabiont (6-month-old) mice [Y-(Y)]. The presence of young blood derived from young parabionts significantly improved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and attenuated ROS production in vessels of heterochronic parabiont aged [A-(Y)] mice. In aortas derived from heterochronic parabiont young [Y-(A)] mice, acetylcholine-induced relaxation and ROS production were comparable with those in aortas derived from Y-(Y) mice. Using RNA-seq we assessed transcriptomic changes in the aortic arch associated with aging and heterochronic parabiosis. We identified 347 differentially expressed genes in A-(A) animals compared with Y-(Y) controls. We have identified 212 discordant genes, whose expression levels differed in the aged phenotype, but have shifted back toward the young phenotype by the presence of young blood in aged A-(Y) animals. Pathway analysis shows that vascular protective effects mediated by young blood-regulated genes include mitochondrial rejuvenation. In conclusion, a relatively short-term exposure to young blood can rescue vascular aging phenotypes, including attenuation of oxidative stress, mitochondrial rejuvenation, and improved endothelial function. Our findings provide additional evidence supporting the significant plasticity of vascular aging and evidence for the existence of anti-geronic factors capable of exerting rejuvenating effects on the aging vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Kiss
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School/Departments of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Tamas Csipo
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Cardiology, Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Priya Balasubramanian
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Jonathan D. Wren
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Lori Garman
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Derek M. Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School/Departments of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School/Departments of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
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18
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Walters RO, Arias E, Diaz A, Burgos ES, Guan F, Tiano S, Mao K, Green CL, Qiu Y, Shah H, Wang D, Hudgins AD, Tabrizian T, Tosti V, Shechter D, Fontana L, Kurland IJ, Barzilai N, Cuervo AM, Promislow DEL, Huffman DM. Sarcosine Is Uniquely Modulated by Aging and Dietary Restriction in Rodents and Humans. Cell Rep 2019; 25:663-676.e6. [PMID: 30332646 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of aging is a decline in metabolic homeostasis, which is attenuated by dietary restriction (DR). However, the interaction of aging and DR with the metabolome is not well understood. We report that DR is a stronger modulator of the rat metabolome than age in plasma and tissues. A comparative metabolomic screen in rodents and humans identified circulating sarcosine as being similarly reduced with aging and increased by DR, while sarcosine is also elevated in long-lived Ames dwarf mice. Pathway analysis in aged sarcosine-replete rats identify this biogenic amine as an integral node in the metabolome network. Finally, we show that sarcosine can activate autophagy in cultured cells and enhances autophagic flux in vivo, suggesting a potential role in autophagy induction by DR. Thus, these data identify circulating sarcosine as a biomarker of aging and DR in mammalians and may contribute to age-related alterations in the metabolome and in proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan O Walters
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Esperanza Arias
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Antonio Diaz
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuel S Burgos
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Fangxia Guan
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Simoni Tiano
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kai Mao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Cara L Green
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Yungping Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Hardik Shah
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Adam D Hudgins
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tahmineh Tabrizian
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Valeria Tosti
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David Shechter
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Luigi Fontana
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Brescia University Medical School, Brescia, Italy
| | - Irwin J Kurland
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Daniel E L Promislow
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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19
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Choi J, Rakhilin N, Gadamsetty P, Joe DJ, Tabrizian T, Lipkin SM, Huffman DM, Shen X, Nishimura N. Author Correction: Intestinal crypts recover rapidly from focal damage with coordinated motion of stem cells that is impaired by aging. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13992. [PMID: 31570744 PMCID: PMC6768855 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43805-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahn Choi
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
| | - Nikolai Rakhilin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA
| | - Poornima Gadamsetty
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
| | - Daniel J Joe
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
| | - Tahmineh Tabrizian
- Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Steven M Lipkin
- Departments of Medicine and Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell College of Medicine, New York, 10021, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Xiling Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA
| | - Nozomi Nishimura
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA.
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20
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Adwan Shekhidem H, Sharvit L, Leman E, Manov I, Roichman A, Holtze S, M Huffman D, Y Cohen H, Bernd Hildebrandt T, Shams I, Atzmon G. Telomeres and Longevity: A Cause or an Effect? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133233. [PMID: 31266154 PMCID: PMC6651551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere dynamics have been found to be better predictors of survival and mortality than chronological age. Telomeres, the caps that protect the end of linear chromosomes, are known to shorten with age, inducing cell senescence and aging. Furthermore, differences in age-related telomere attrition were established between short-lived and long-lived organisms. However, whether telomere length is a “biological thermometer” that reflects the biological state at a certain point in life or a biomarker that can influence biological conditions, delay senescence and promote longevity is still an ongoing debate. We cross-sectionally tested telomere length in different tissues of two long-lived (naked mole-rat and Spalax) and two short-lived (rat and mice) species to tease out this enigma. While blood telomere length of the naked mole-rat (NMR) did not shorten with age but rather showed a mild elongation, telomere length in three tissues tested in the Spalax declined with age, just like in short-lived rodents. These findings in the NMR, suggest an age buffering mechanism, while in Spalax tissues the shortening of the telomeres are in spite of its extreme longevity traits. Therefore, using long-lived species as models for understanding the role of telomeres in longevity is of great importance since they may encompass mechanisms that postpone aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lital Sharvit
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Eva Leman
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Irena Manov
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Asael Roichman
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Susanne Holtze
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, Medicine, and the Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Haim Y Cohen
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Thomas Bernd Hildebrandt
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Imad Shams
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
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21
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Morrison EJ, Champagne DP, Dzieciatkowska M, Nemkov T, Zimring JC, Hansen KC, Guan F, Huffman DM, Santambrogio L, D'Alessandro A. Parabiosis Incompletely Reverses Aging-Induced Metabolic Changes and Oxidant Stress in Mouse Red Blood Cells. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061337. [PMID: 31207887 PMCID: PMC6627295 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature red blood cells (RBCs) not only account for ~83% of the total host cells in the human body, but they are also exposed to all body tissues during their circulation in the bloodstream. In addition, RBCs are devoid of de novo protein synthesis capacity and, as such, they represent a perfect model to investigate system-wide alterations of cellular metabolism in the context of aging and age-related oxidant stress without the confounding factor of gene expression. In the present study, we employed ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS)-based metabolomics and proteomics to investigate RBC metabolism across age in male mice (6, 15, and 25 months old). We report that RBCs from aging mice face a progressive decline in the capacity to cope with oxidant stress through the glutathione/NADPH-dependent antioxidant systems. Oxidant stress to tryptophan and purines was accompanied by declines in late glycolysis and methyl-group donors, a potential compensatory mechanism to repair oxidatively damaged proteins. Moreover, heterochronic parabiosis experiments demonstrated that the young environment only partially rescued the alterations in one-carbon metabolism in old mice, although it had minimal to no impact on glutathione homeostasis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and oxidation of purines and tryptophan, which were instead aggravated in old heterochronic parabionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan J Morrison
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Ave RC1 South, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Devin P Champagne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Ave RC1 South, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Ave RC1 South, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Ave RC1 South, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | | | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Ave RC1 South, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Fangxia Guan
- Departments of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY 10461, USA.
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Departments of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY 10461, USA.
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY 10461, USA.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Laura Santambrogio
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Ave RC1 South, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
- Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, 12469 East 17th Ave RC2, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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22
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Farias Quipildor GE, Mao K, Hu Z, Novaj A, Cui MH, Gulinello M, Branch CA, Gubbi S, Patel K, Moellering DR, Tarantini S, Kiss T, Yabluchanskiy A, Ungvari Z, Sonntag WE, Huffman DM. Central IGF-1 protects against features of cognitive and sensorimotor decline with aging in male mice. GeroScience 2019; 41:185-208. [PMID: 31076997 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruptions in growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) signaling have been linked to improved longevity in mice and humans. Nevertheless, while IGF-1 levels are associated with increased cancer risk, they have been paradoxically implicated with protection from other age-related conditions, particularly in the brain, suggesting that strategies aimed at selectively increasing central IGF-1 action may have favorable effects on aging. To test this hypothesis, we generated inducible, brain-specific (TRE-IGF-1 × Camk2a-tTA) IGF-1 (bIGF-1) overexpression mice and studied effects on healthspan. Doxycycline was removed from the diet at 12 weeks old to permit post-development brain IGF-1 overexpression, and animals were monitored up to 24 months. Brain IGF-1 levels were increased approximately twofold in bIGF-1 mice, along with greater brain weights, volume, and myelin density (P < 0.05). Age-related changes in rotarod performance, exercise capacity, depressive-like behavior, and hippocampal gliosis were all attenuated specifically in bIGF-1 male mice (P < 0.05). However, chronic brain IGF-1 failed to prevent declines in cognitive function or neurovascular coupling. Therefore, we performed a short-term intranasal (IN) treatment of either IGF-1 or saline in 24-month-old male C57BL/6 mice and found that IN IGF-1 treatment tended to reduce depressive (P = 0.09) and anxiety-like behavior (P = 0.08) and improve motor coordination (P = 0.07) and unlike transgenic mice improved motor learning (P < 0.05) and visuospatial and working memory (P < 0.05). These data highlight important sex differences in how brain IGF-1 action impacts healthspan and suggest that translational approaches that target IGF-1 centrally can restore cognitive function, a possibility that should be explored as a strategy to combat age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela E Farias Quipildor
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer Bldg, Rm 236, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kai Mao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer Bldg, Rm 236, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Zunju Hu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer Bldg, Rm 236, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ardijana Novaj
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer Bldg, Rm 236, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Min-Hui Cui
- Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maria Gulinello
- Behavioral Core Facility, Dominick S. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Craig A Branch
- Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sriram Gubbi
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Khushbu Patel
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer Bldg, Rm 236, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Douglas R Moellering
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Tamas Kiss
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - William E Sonntag
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer Bldg, Rm 236, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA. .,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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23
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Gubbi S, Quipildor GF, Barzilai N, Huffman DM, Milman S. 40 YEARS of IGF1: IGF1: the Jekyll and Hyde of the aging brain. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:T171-T185. [PMID: 29739805 PMCID: PMC5988994 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling pathway has emerged as a major regulator of the aging process, from rodents to humans. However, given the pleiotropic actions of IGF1, its role in the aging brain remains complex and controversial. While IGF1 is clearly essential for normal development of the central nervous system, conflicting evidence has emerged from preclinical and human studies regarding its relationship to cognitive function, as well as cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. This review delves into the current state of the evidence examining the role of IGF1 in the aging brain, encompassing preclinical and clinical studies. A broad examination of the data indicates that IGF1 may indeed play opposing roles in the aging brain, depending on the underlying pathology and context. Some evidence suggests that in the setting of neurodegenerative diseases that manifest with abnormal protein deposition in the brain, such as Alzheimer's disease, reducing IGF1 signaling may serve a protective role by slowing disease progression and augmenting clearance of pathologic proteins to maintain cellular homeostasis. In contrast, inducing IGF1 deficiency has also been implicated in dysregulated function of cognition and the neurovascular system, suggesting that some IGF1 signaling may be necessary for normal brain function. Furthermore, states of acute neuronal injury, which necessitate growth, repair and survival signals to persevere, typically demonstrate salutary effects of IGF1 in that context. Appreciating the dual, at times opposing 'Dr Jekyll' and 'Mr Hyde' characteristics of IGF1 in the aging brain, will bring us closer to understanding its impact and devising more targeted IGF1-related interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Gubbi
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Internal MedicineJacobi Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Gabriela Farias Quipildor
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of GeriatricsDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of GeneticsAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Sofiya Milman
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of GeriatricsDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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Guan F, Tabrizian T, Novaj A, Nakanishi M, Rosenberg DW, Huffman DM. Dietary Walnuts Protect Against Obesity-Driven Intestinal Stem Cell Decline and Tumorigenesis. Front Nutr 2018; 5:37. [PMID: 29904634 PMCID: PMC5990619 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity can negatively impact intestinal homeostasis, and increase colon cancer risk and related mortality. Thus, given the alarmingly high rates of obesity in the US and globally, it is critical to identify practical strategies that can break the obesity-cancer link. Walnuts have been increasingly recognized to mitigate cancer risk, and contain many bioactive constituents with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that could potentially counteract pathways thought to be initiators of obesity-related cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if walnuts could preserve intestinal homeostasis, and attenuate tumorigenesis and growth in the context of obesity and a high calorie diet. To this end, we studied effects of walnuts on these parameters under different dietary conditions in wildtype mice, two independent Apc models (Apc1638N/+ and ApcΔ14), and in MC38 colon cancer cells in vivo, respectively. Walnuts did not alter the metabolic phenotype or intestinal morphology in normal mice fed either a low-fat diet (LFD), LFD with 6% walnuts (LFD+W), high-fat diet (HFD), or HFD with 7.6% walnuts (HFD+W). However, walnuts did lead to a significant reduction in circulating CCL5 and preserved intestinal stem cell (ISC) function under HFD-fed conditions. Furthermore, walnuts reduced tumor multiplicity in Apc1638N/+ male HFD+W animals, as compared to HFD controls (3.7 ± 0.5 vs. 2.5 ± 0.3; P = 0.015), tended to reduce the number of adenocarcinomas (0.67 ± 0.16 vs. 0.29 ± 0.12; P = 0.07), and preferentially limited tumor growth in ApcΔ14 male mice (P = 0.019) fed a high-calorie western-style diet. In summary, these data demonstrate that walnuts confer significant protection against intestinal tumorigenesis and growth and preserve ISC function in the context of a high-calorie diet and obesity. Thus, these data add to the accumulating evidence connecting walnuts as a potentially effective dietary strategy to break the obesity-colon cancer link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxia Guan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tahmineh Tabrizian
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Ardijana Novaj
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Masako Nakanishi
- School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Daniel W Rosenberg
- School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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25
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Agarwal A, Donohue KD, Lhamon ME, Huffman DM, Bernat RL, Wang H, Ajwad A, Wang C, Guerriero L, Sunderam S, O’HARA BF. 0309 Evaluation of Wake, REM, and NREM State Classifiers using Noninvasive Piezoelectric Sensors for Rodents. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - K D Donohue
- University of Kentucky, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lexington, KY
- Signal Solutions, Lexington, KY
| | | | - D M Huffman
- University of Kentucky, Biomedical Engineering, Lexington, KY
| | | | - H Wang
- University of Kentucky, Biomedical Engineering, Lexington, KY
| | - A Ajwad
- University of Kentucky, Biomedical Engineering, Lexington, KY
| | - C Wang
- University of Kentucky, Biology Dept, Lexington, KY
| | - L Guerriero
- University of Kentucky, Biology Dept, Lexington, KY
| | - S Sunderam
- University of Kentucky, Biomedical Engineering, Lexington, KY
| | - B F O’HARA
- University of Kentucky, Biology Dept, Lexington, KY
- Signal Solutions, Lexington, KY
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26
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Andrew MS, Huffman DM, Rodriguez-Ayala E, Williams NN, Peterson RM, Bastarrachea RA. Mesenteric visceral lipectomy using tissue liquefaction technology reverses insulin resistance and causes weight loss in baboons. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2018; 14:833-841. [PMID: 29631983 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral obesity is associated with diabetogenic and atherogenic abnormalities, including insulin resistance and increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases and mortality. Rodent lipectomy studies have demonstrated a causal link between visceral fat and insulin resistance, yet human omentectomy studies have failed to replicate this metabolic benefit, perhaps owing to the inability to target the mesentery. OBJECTIVES We aimed to demonstrate that safe and effective removal of mesenteric fat could be achieved in obese insulin-resistant baboons using tissue liquefaction technology. SETTING Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas. METHODS Tissue liquefaction technology has been developed to enable mesenteric visceral lipectomy (MVL) to be safely performed without disturbing the integrity of surrounding nerves and vessels in the mesentary. After an initial MVL optimization study (n = 3), we then performed MVL (n = 4) or sham surgery (n = 2) in a cohort of insulin-resistant baboons, and the metabolic phenotype was assessed via hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps at baseline and 6 weeks later. RESULTS MVL led to a 75% improvement in glucose disposal at 6-weeks follow-up (P = .01). Moreover, despite removing only an average of 430 g of mesenteric fat (~1% of total body mass), MVL led to a 14.4% reduction in total weight (P = .001). Thus, these data demonstrate that mesenteric fat can be safely targeted for removal by tissue liquefaction technology in a nonhuman primate, leading to substantial metabolic improvements, including reversal of insulin resistance and weight loss. CONCLUSIONS These data provide the first demonstration of successful adipose tissue removal from the mesentery in a mammal. Importantly, we have demonstrated that when MVL is performed in obese, insulin-resistant baboons, insulin resistance is reversed, and significant weight loss occurs. Therefore, trials performing MVL in humans with abdominal obesity and related metabolic sequelae should be explored as a potential clinical tool to ameliorate insulin resistance and treat type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Ernesto Rodriguez-Ayala
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México
| | - Noel N Williams
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard M Peterson
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Raul A Bastarrachea
- Department of Genetics and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas.
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27
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Cobb LJ, Lee C, Xiao J, Yen K, Wong RG, Nakamura HK, Mehta HH, Gao Q, Ashur C, Huffman DM, Wan J, Muzumdar R, Barzilai N, Cohen P. Naturally occurring mitochondrial-derived peptides are age-dependent regulators of apoptosis, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory markers. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:796-809. [PMID: 27070352 PMCID: PMC4925829 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players in aging and in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. Recent mitochondrial transcriptome analyses revealed the existence of multiple small mRNAs transcribed from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Humanin (HN), a peptide encoded in the mtDNA 16S ribosomal RNA region, is a neuroprotective factor. An in silico search revealed six additional peptides in the same region of mtDNA as humanin; we named these peptides small humanin-like peptides (SHLPs). We identified the functional roles for these peptides and the potential mechanisms of action. The SHLPs differed in their ability to regulate cell viability in vitro. We focused on SHLP2 and SHLP3 because they shared similar protective effects with HN. Specifically, they significantly reduced apoptosis and the generation of reactive oxygen species, and improved mitochondrial metabolism in vitro. SHLP2 and SHLP3 also enhanced 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte differentiation. Systemic hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies showed that intracerebrally infused SHLP2 increased glucose uptake and suppressed hepatic glucose production, suggesting that it functions as an insulin sensitizer both peripherally and centrally. Similar to HN, the levels of circulating SHLP2 were found to decrease with age. These results suggest that mitochondria play critical roles in metabolism and survival through the synthesis of mitochondrial peptides, and provide new insights into mitochondrial biology with relevance to aging and human biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Cobb
- Department of Pediatrics, Mattel Children's Hospital, and Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Current address: LCS Executive Consulting, North Hollywood, CA 91607, USA
| | - Changhan Lee
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jialin Xiao
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Kelvin Yen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Richard G Wong
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Hiromi K Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Mattel Children's Hospital, and Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hemal H Mehta
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Mattel Children's Hospital, and Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Carmel Ashur
- Department of Pediatrics, Mattel Children's Hospital, and Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Junxiang Wan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Radhika Muzumdar
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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28
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Burgos ES, Walters RO, Huffman DM, Shechter D. A simplified characterization of S-adenosyl-l-methionine-consuming enzymes with 1-Step EZ-MTase: a universal and straightforward coupled-assay for in vitro and in vivo setting. Chem Sci 2017; 8:6601-6612. [PMID: 29449933 PMCID: PMC5676521 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02830j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyltransferases use S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) to deposit methyl marks. Many of these epigenetic 'writers' are associated with gene regulation. As cancer etiology is highly correlated with misregulated methylation patterns, methyltransferases are emerging therapeutic targets. Successful assignment of methyltransferases' roles within intricate biological networks relies on (1) the access to enzyme mechanistic insights and (2) the efficient screening of chemical probes against these targets. To characterize methyltransferases in vitro and in vivo, we report a highly-sensitive one-step deaminase-linked continuous assay where the S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH) enzyme-product is rapidly and quantitatively catabolized to S-inosyl-l-homocysteine (SIH). To highlight the broad capabilities of this assay, we established enzymatic characteristics of two protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMT5 and PRMT7), a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase (DIM-5) and a sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase (SDMT). Since the coupling deaminase TM0936 displays robust activity over a broad pH-range we determined the pH dependence of SDMT reaction rates. TM0936 reactions are monitored at 263 nm, so a drawback may arise when methyl acceptor substrates absorb within this UV-range. To overcome this limitation, we used an isosteric fluorescent SAM-analog: S-8-aza-adenosyl-l-methionine. Most enzymes tolerated this probe and sustained methyltransfers were efficiently monitored through loss of fluorescence at 360 nm. Unlike discontinuous radioactive- and antibody-based assays, our assay provides a simple, versatile and affordable approach towards the characterization of methyltransferases. Supported by three logs of linear dynamic range, the 1-Step EZ-MTase can detect methylation rates as low as 2 μM h-1, thus making it possible to quantify low nanomolar concentrations of glycine N-methyltransferase within crude biological samples. With Z'-factors above 0.75, this assay is well suited to high-throughput screening and may promote the identification of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel S Burgos
- Department of Biochemistry , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , 1300 Morris Park Avenue , Bronx , New York 10461 , USA . ; ; ; Tel: +1-718-430-4120 ; Tel: +1-718-430-4128
| | - Ryan O Walters
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , 1300 Morris Park Avenue , Bronx , New York 10461 , USA.,Department of Medicine , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , 1300 Morris Park Avenue , Bronx , New York 10461 , USA.,Department of Institute for Aging Research , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , 1300 Morris Park Avenue , Bronx , New York 10461 , USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , 1300 Morris Park Avenue , Bronx , New York 10461 , USA.,Department of Medicine , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , 1300 Morris Park Avenue , Bronx , New York 10461 , USA.,Department of Institute for Aging Research , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , 1300 Morris Park Avenue , Bronx , New York 10461 , USA
| | - David Shechter
- Department of Biochemistry , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , 1300 Morris Park Avenue , Bronx , New York 10461 , USA . ; ; ; Tel: +1-718-430-4120 ; Tel: +1-718-430-4128
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29
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Tabrizian T, Wang D, Guan F, Hu Z, Beck AP, Delahaye F, Huffman DM. Apc inactivation, but not obesity, synergizes with Pten deficiency to drive intestinal stem cell-derived tumorigenesis. Endocr Relat Cancer 2017; 24:253-265. [PMID: 28351943 PMCID: PMC5505256 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer and can accelerate Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell (ISC)-derived tumorigenesis after the inactivation of Apc However, whether non-canonical pathways involving PI3K-Akt signaling in ISCs can lead to tumor formation, and if this can be further exacerbated by obesity is unknown. Despite the synergy between Pten and Apc inactivation in epithelial cells on intestinal tumor formation, their combined role in Lgr5+-ISCs, which are the most rapidly dividing ISC population in the intestine, is unknown. Lgr5+-GFP mice were provided low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 months, and the transcriptome was evaluated in Lgr5+-ISCs. For tumor studies, Lgr5+-GFP and Lgr5+-GFP-Ptenflox/flox mice were tamoxifen treated to inactivate Pten in ISCs and provided LFD or HFD until 14-15 months of age. Finally, various combinations of Lgr5+-ISC-specific, Apc- and Pten-deleted mice were generated and evaluated for histopathology and survival. HFD did not overtly alter Akt signaling in ISCs, but did increase other metabolic pathways. Pten deficiency, but not HFD, increased BrdU-positive cells in the small intestine (P < 0.05). However, combining Pten and Apc deficiency synergistically increased proliferative markers, tumor pathology and mortality, in a dose-dependent fashion (P < 0.05). In summary, we show that HFD alone fails to drive Akt signaling in ISCs and that Pten deficiency is dispensable as a tumor suppressor in Lgr5+-ISCs. However, combining Pten and Apc deficiency in ISCs synergistically increases proliferation, tumor formation and mortality. Thus, aberrant Wnt/β-catenin, rather than PI3K-Akt signaling, is requisite for obesity to drive Lgr5+ ISC-derived tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmineh Tabrizian
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Fangxia Guan
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Zunju Hu
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Amanda P Beck
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's HealthAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Fabien Delahaye
- Department of GeneticsAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of PathologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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30
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Wang C, Guerriero LE, Ajwad AA, Huffman DM, Sunderam S, Brooks TC, Seifert AW, O’Hara BF. 0199 CHARACTERIZING SLEEP, CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS, AND EYE CLOSURE IN ACOMYS CAHIRINUS (CAIRO SPINY MOUSE). Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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31
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Huffman DM, Justice JN, Stout MB, Kirkland JL, Barzilai N, Austad SN. Evaluating Health Span in Preclinical Models of Aging and Disease: Guidelines, Challenges, and Opportunities for Geroscience. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2016; 71:1395-1406. [PMID: 27535967 PMCID: PMC5055649 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Life extension is no longer considered sufficient evidence of delayed aging in research animals. It must also be demonstrated that a broad swathe of health indicators have been extended. During a retreat of the Geroscience Network, a consortium of basic and clinical aging researchers, potential measures of mouse health were considered for their potential as easily standardized, highly informative metrics. Major health domains considered were neuromuscular, cognitive, cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory functions as well as body composition and energetics and a multitude of assays interrogating these domains. A particularly sensitive metric of health is the ability to respond to, and recover, from stress. Therefore, the Network also considered stresses of human relevance that could be implemented in mouse models to assess frailty and resilience. Mouse models already exist for responses to forced immobility, cancer chemotherapy, infectious diseases, dietary challenges, and surgical stress, and it was felt that these could be employed to determine whether putative senescence-retarding interventions increased and extended organismal robustness. The Network discussed challenges in modeling age-related human chronic diseases and concluded that more attention needs to be paid to developing disease models with later age of onset, models of co- and multimorbidity, diversifying the strains and sexes commonly used in aging research, and considering additional species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Huffman
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jamie N Justice
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Michael B Stout
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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32
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Milman S, Huffman DM, Barzilai N. The Somatotropic Axis in Human Aging: Framework for the Current State of Knowledge and Future Research. Cell Metab 2016; 23:980-989. [PMID: 27304500 PMCID: PMC4919980 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutations resulting in reduced signaling of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis are associated with increased life- and healthspan across model organisms. Similar findings have been noted in human cohorts with functional mutations in the somatotropic axis, suggesting that this pathway may also be relevant to human aging and protection from age-related diseases. While epidemiological data indicate that low circulating IGF-1 level may protect aging populations from cancer, results remain inconclusive regarding most other diseases. We propose that studies in humans and animals need to consider differences in sex, pathway function, organs, and time-specific effects of GH/IGF-1 signaling in order to better define the role of the somatotropic axis in aging. Agents that modulate signaling of the GH/IGF-1 pathway are available for human use, but before they can be implemented in clinical studies that target aging and age-related diseases, researchers need to address the challenges discussed in this Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiya Milman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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33
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Huffman DM, Schafer MJ, LeBrasseur NK. Energetic interventions for healthspan and resiliency with aging. Exp Gerontol 2016; 86:73-83. [PMID: 27260561 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Several behavioral and pharmacological strategies improve longevity, which is indicative of delayed organismal aging, with the most effective interventions extending both life- and healthspan. In free living creatures, maintaining health and function into old age requires resilience against a multitude of stressors. Conversely, in experimental settings, conventional housing of rodents limits exposure to such challenges, thereby obscuring an accurate assessment of resilience. Caloric restriction (CR) and exercise, as well as pharmacologic strategies (resveratrol, rapamycin, metformin, senolytics), are well established to improve indices of health and aging, but some paradoxical effects have been observed on resilience. For instance, CR potently retards the onset of age-related diseases, and improves lifespan to a greater extent than exercise in a variety of models. However, exercise has proven more consistently beneficial to organismal resilience against a broad array of stressors, including infections, surgery, wound healing and frailty. CR can improve cellular stress defenses and protect from frailty, but also impairs the response to infections, bed rest and healing. How an intervention will impact not only longevity, health and function, but also resiliency, is critical to better understanding translational implications. Thus, organismal robustness represents a critical, albeit understudied aspect of aging, which needs more careful attention in order to better inform on how putative age-delaying strategies will impact preservation of health and function in response to stressors with aging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Marissa J Schafer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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34
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Chusyd DE, Wang D, Huffman DM, Nagy TR. Relationships between Rodent White Adipose Fat Pads and Human White Adipose Fat Depots. Front Nutr 2016; 3:10. [PMID: 27148535 PMCID: PMC4835715 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2016.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review was to compare and contrast the physiological and metabolic profiles of rodent white adipose fat pads with white adipose fat depots in humans. Human fat distribution and its metabolic consequences have received extensive attention, but much of what has been tested in translational research has relied heavily on rodents. Unfortunately, the validity of using rodent fat pads as a model of human adiposity has received less attention. There is a surprisingly lack of studies demonstrating an analogous relationship between rodent and human adiposity on obesity-related comorbidities. Therefore, we aimed to compare known similarities and disparities in terms of white adipose tissue (WAT) development and distribution, sexual dimorphism, weight loss, adipokine secretion, and aging. While the literature supports the notion that many similarities exist between rodents and humans, notable differences emerge related to fat deposition and function of WAT. Thus, further research is warranted to more carefully define the strengths and limitations of rodent WAT as a model for humans, with a particular emphasis on comparable fat depots, such as mesenteric fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella E Chusyd
- Department of Nutrition Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tim R Nagy
- Department of Nutrition Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA
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Huffman DM, Farias Quipildor G, Mao K, Zhang X, Wan J, Apontes P, Cohen P, Barzilai N. Central insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) restores whole-body insulin action in a model of age-related insulin resistance and IGF-1 decline. Aging Cell 2016; 15:181-6. [PMID: 26534869 PMCID: PMC4717281 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Low insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) signaling is associated with improved longevity, but is paradoxically linked with several age‐related diseases in humans. Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 has proven to be particularly beneficial to the brain, where it confers protection against features of neuronal and cognitive decline. While aging is characterized by central insulin resistance in the face of hyperinsulinemia, the somatotropic axis markedly declines in older humans. Thus, we hypothesized that increasing IGF‐1 in the brain may prove to be a novel therapeutic alternative to overcome central insulin resistance and restore whole‐body insulin action in aging. Utilizing hyperinsulinemic‐euglycemic clamps, we show that old insulin‐resistant rats with age‐related declines in IGF‐1 level demonstrate markedly improved whole‐body insulin action, when treated with central IGF‐1, as compared to central vehicle or insulin (P < 0.05). Furthermore, central IGF‐1, but not insulin, suppressed hepatic glucose production and increased glucose disposal rates in aging rats (P < 0.05). Taken together, IGF‐1 action in the brain and periphery provides a ‘balance’ between its beneficial and detrimental actions. Therefore, we propose that strategies aimed at ‘tipping the balance’ of IGF‐1 action centrally are the optimal approach to achieve healthy aging and longevity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M. Huffman
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronx NY USA
- Institute for Aging Research Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY 10461 USA
| | - Gabriela Farias Quipildor
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronx NY USA
- Institute for Aging Research Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY 10461 USA
| | - Kai Mao
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronx NY USA
- Institute for Aging Research Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY 10461 USA
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
- Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 Beichen West Road Chaoyang Beijing 100101 China
| | - Junxiang Wan
- Davis School of Gerontology University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Pasha Apontes
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
- Institute for Aging Research Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY 10461 USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Davis School of Gerontology University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
- Institute for Aging Research Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY 10461 USA
- Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY 10461 USA
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Milman S, Atzmon G, Huffman DM, Wan J, Crandall JP, Cohen P, Barzilai N. Low insulin-like growth factor-1 level predicts survival in humans with exceptional longevity. Aging Cell 2014; 13:769-71. [PMID: 24618355 PMCID: PMC4116456 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Attenuated growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) signaling is associated with extended lifespan in several animal models. However, the effect of diminished GH/IGF-1 activity on survival in humans has not been confirmed. We tested the hypothesis that IGF-1 levels in nonagenarians (n = 184), measured at study enrollment, predict the duration of their incremental survival. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, females with IGF-1 levels below the median (≤ 96 ng mL(-1) ) had significantly longer survival compared with females with levels above the median, P < 0.01. However, this survival advantage was not observed in males (P = 0.83). On the other hand, in both males and females with a history of cancer, lower IGF-1 levels predicted longer survival (P < 0.01). IGF-1 level remained a significant predictor of survival duration in linear regression models after multivariable adjustment in females (P = 0.01) and individuals with a history of cancer (P < 0.01). We show for the first time that low IGF-1 levels predict life expectancy in exceptionally long-lived individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiya Milman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, USA
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Huffman DM, Augenlicht LH, Zhang X, Lofrese JJ, Atzmon G, Chamberland JP, Mantzoros CS. Abdominal obesity, independent from caloric intake, accounts for the development of intestinal tumors in Apc(1638N/+) female mice. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6:177-87. [PMID: 23466815 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-12-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
To determine whether visceral fat (VF), independent of other confounders, is causally linked to intestinal tumorigenesis, we surgically removed visceral fat in Apc(1638/N+) mice. At 15 weeks of age, male and female Apc(1638/N+) mice were randomized to one of three groups: ad libitum, visceral fat removal (VF-) and ad libitum fed, or caloric restriction, and were studied for effects on tumorigenesis and survival. As compared with ad libitum, VF- and caloric restriction reduced macroadenomas to a similar extent (P < 0.05), but only caloric restriction significantly improved survival (P < 0.05). Given that a significant group × gender interaction was observed, we next examined males and females separately. In females, macroadenomas were markedly attenuated by VF- (1.33 ± 0.23 mean ± SE; P < 0.05), but not by caloric restriction (2.35 ± 0.25; P = 0.71), as compared with ad libitum (2.50 ± 0.34). In males, however, caloric restriction (1.71 ± 0.26; P < 0.01), but not VF- (2.94 ± 0.42; P = 0.29), reduced macroadenomas, as compared with ad libitum males (3.47 ± 0.30). In females, both VF- (P = 0.05) and caloric restriction (P < 0.01) improved survival, but not in male mice (P = 0.15). The benefits observed with caloric restriction were consistent with favorable metabolic adaptations, but protection conferred in VF- females was despite lower adiponectin levels (P < 0.05), and failure to reduce body mass, total adiposity, glucose, insulin, leptin, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL-1) levels. In conclusion, these data provide the first causal evidence linking visceral fat to intestinal cancer risk, and suggest that factors, other than known metabolic mediators, may impact tumor development. Furthermore, these data emphasize that strategies designed to deplete visceral fat stores in humans should be considered in the prevention of intestinal cancer. Cancer Prev Res; 6(3); 177-87. ©2012 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Huffman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Golding Building Room 502, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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38
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Abstract
Aging is characterized by a deterioration in the maintenance of homeostatic processes over time, leading to functional decline and increased risk for disease and death. The aging process is characterized metabolically by insulin resistance, changes in body composition, and physiological declines in growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and sex steroids. Some interventions designed to address features of aging, such as caloric restriction or visceral fat depletion, have succeeded in improving insulin action and life span in rodents. Meanwhile, pharmacologic interventions and hormonal perturbations have increased the life span of several mammalian species without necessarily addressing features of age-related metabolic decline. These interventions include inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin and lifetime deficiency in GH/IGF-1 signaling. However, strategies to treat aging in humans, such as hormone replacement, have mostly failed to achieve their desired response. We will briefly discuss recent advances in our understanding of the complex role of metabolic pathways in the aging process and highlight important paradoxes that have emerged from these discoveries. Although life span has been the major outcome of interest in the laboratory, a special focus is made in this study on healthspan, as improved quality of life is the goal when translated to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Barzilai
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Huffman
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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Huffman DM, Deelen J, Ye K, Bergman A, Slagboom EP, Barzilai N, Atzmon G. Distinguishing between longevity and buffered-deleterious genotypes for exceptional human longevity: the case of the MTP gene. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2012; 67:1153-60. [PMID: 22496539 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gls103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphism, rs2866164, in the MTP gene, has been associated with human longevity but has not been validated by subsequent longevity studies. Using our population of Ashkenazi Jews, we find that the MTP CC genotype is significantly overrepresented in centenarians and their offspring, as compared with controls (p < .05). However, when we examined MTP CC genotype frequency pattern with aging, we observed a monotonic decline between ages 55-85 years followed by a dramatic enrichment after age 90 years, forming a U-shape pattern (p < .05). Furthermore, the MTP CC genotype was buffered by three validated longevity genotypes (p < .05). This buffering effect was found to confer an enrichment of the MTP CC genotype in centenarians, whereas their absence in CC controls resulted in poorer survivorship (p < .05). Thus, we conclude that MTP CC is a buffered-deleterious genotype and that assessing genotype frequency across aging is essential for discerning longevity from buffered-deleterious genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Huffman
- Department of Medicine, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
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Abstract
Adipose tissue accounts for approximately 20% (lean) to >50% (in extreme obesity) of body mass and is biologically active through its secretion of numerous peptides and release and storage of nutrients such as free fatty acids. Studies in rodents and humans have revealed that body fat distribution, including visceral fat (VF), subcutaneous (SC) fat and ectopic fat are critical for determining the risk posed by obesity. Specific depletion or expansion of the VF depot using genetic or surgical strategies in animal models has proven to have direct effects on metabolic characteristics and disease risk. In humans, there is compelling evidence that abdominal obesity most strongly predicts mortality risk, while in rats, surgical removal of VF improves mean and maximum life span. There is also growing evidence that fat deposition in ectopic depots such as skeletal muscle and liver can cause lipotoxicity and impair insulin action. Conversely, expansion of SC adipose tissue may confer protection from metabolic derangements by serving as a 'metabolic sink' to limit both systemic lipids and the accrual of visceral and ectopic fat. Treatments targeting the prevention of fat accrual in these harmful depots should be considered as a primary target for improving human health span and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Huffman
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Muzumdar RH, Huffman DM, Calvert JW, Jha S, Weinberg Y, Cui L, Nemkal A, Atzmon G, Klein L, Gundewar S, Ji SY, Lavu M, Predmore BL, Lefer DJ. Acute humanin therapy attenuates myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:1940-8. [PMID: 20651283 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.205997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Humanin (HN), an endogenous antiapoptotic peptide, has previously been shown to protect against Alzheimer's disease and a variety of cellular insults. We evaluated the effects of a potent analog of HN (HNG) in an in vivo murine model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL6/J mice (8 to 10 week old) were subjected to 45 minutes of left coronary artery occlusion followed by a 24-hour reperfusion. HNG or vehicle was administered IP 1 hour prior or at the time of reperfusion. The extent of myocardial infarction per area-at-risk was evaluated at 24 hours using Evans Blue dye and 2-3-5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Left ventricular function was evaluated at 1 week after ischemia using high-resolution, 2D echocardiography (VisualSonics Vevo 770). Myocardial cell signaling pathways and apoptotic markers were assessed at various time points (0 to 24 hours) following reperfusion. Cardiomyocyte survival and apoptosis in response to HNG were assessed in vitro. HNG reduced infarct size relative to the area-at-risk in a dose-dependent fashion, with a maximal reduction at the dose of 2 mg/kg. HNG therapy enhanced left ventricular ejection fraction and preserved postischemic left ventricular dimensions (end-diastolic and end-systolic), resulting in improved cardiac function. Treatment with HNG significantly increased phosphorylation of AMPK and phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the heart and attenuated Bcl-2-associated X protein and B-cell lymphoma-2 levels following myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. HNG improved cardiomyocyte survival and decreased apoptosis in response to daunorubicin in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These data show that HNG provides cardioprotection in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion potentially through activation of AMPK-endothelial nitric oxide synthase-mediated signaling and regulation of apoptotic factors. HNG may represent a novel agent for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika H Muzumdar
- Department of Pediatrics, Children' s Hospital at Montefiore, Diabetes Research and Training Center,, Bronx, NY, USA. 10461.
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Einstein FH, Huffman DM, Fishman S, Jerschow E, Heo HJ, Atzmon G, Schechter C, Barzilai N, Muzumdar RH. Aging per se increases the susceptibility to free fatty acid-induced insulin resistance. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010; 65:800-8. [PMID: 20504893 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glq078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevations in systemic free fatty acids (FFA) contribute to insulin resistance. To determine the effects of an acute elevation in FFA on insulin action with aging, we infused saline or intralipid (IL) during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in three groups of rats: young ad libitum-fed (YAL), old ad libitum-fed (OAL), and old on lifelong calorie restriction (OCR). The OCR group was included to distinguish between aging per se and age-related changes in body fat distribution. IL induced marked insulin resistance in both YAL and OCR, but the onset of insulin resistance was approximately two to three times more rapid in OCR as compared with YAL. In response to IL infusion, plasminogen-activating inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression was increased in subcutaneous fat from OAL animals. In visceral fat, a marked increase in PAI-1 and interleukin-6 expression was observed in OAL and OCR rats, but not YAL, in response to IL treatment. Thus, aging per se increases the inflammatory response to excess nutrients and vulnerability to FFA-induced insulin resistance with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine H Einstein
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health at Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
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Huffman DM. Exercise as a Calorie Restriction Mimetic: Implications for Improving Healthy Aging and Longevity. Interdiscip Top Gerontol Geriatr 2010; 37:157-74. [DOI: 10.1159/000320000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Heo H, Donepudi R, Madankumar R, Huffman DM, Muzumdar R, Barzilai N, Einstein FH. 233: Hexosamine biosynthetic pathway: does it contribute to insulin resistance of pregnancy? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.10.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral fat (VF) accretion is a hallmark of aging in humans. Epidemiologic studies have implicated abdominal obesity as a major risk factor for insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and death. METHODS Studies utilizing novel rodent models of visceral obesity and surgical strategies in humans have been undertaken to determine if subcutaneous (SC) abdominal or VF are causally linked to age-related diseases. RESULTS Specific depletion or expansion of the VF depot using genetic or surgical tools in rodents has been shown to have direct effects on disease risk. In contrast, surgically removing large quantities of SC fat does not consistently improve metabolic parameters in humans or rodents, while benefits were observed with SC fat expansion in mice, suggesting that SC fat accrual is not an important contributor to metabolic decline. There is also compelling evidence in humans that abdominal obesity is a stronger risk factor for mortality risk than general obesity. Likewise, we have shown that surgical removal of VF improves mean and maximum lifespan in rats, providing the first causal evidence that VF depletion may be an important underlying cause of improved lifespan with caloric restriction. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This review provides both corollary and causal evidence for the importance of accounting for body fat distribution, and specifically VF, when assessing disease and mortality risk. Given the hazards of VF accumulation on health, treatment strategies aimed at selectively depleting VF should be considered as a viable tool to effectively reduce disease risk in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Huffman
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
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Einstein F, Heo H, Cui L, Huffman DM, Muzumdar RH, Barzilai N. 717: Physiological insulin resistance of pregnancy leads to increased glucose uptake rat pups. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.09.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Heo H, Cui L, Muzumdar RH, Huffman DM, Barzilai N, Einstein F. 539: Hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance of pregnancy are not reversed in early postpartum rats. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.09.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Einstein FH, Fishman S, Bauman J, Thompson RF, Huffman DM, Atzmon G, Barzilai N, Muzumdar RH. Enhanced activation of a "nutrient-sensing" pathway with age contributes to insulin resistance. FASEB J 2008; 22:3450-7. [PMID: 18566293 DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-109041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Calorie restriction improves life span whereas nutrient excess leads to obesity and unfavorable metabolic consequences, supporting the role for a cellular "nutrient sensor" in aging. Hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) is a candidate nutrient-sensing pathway. We hypothesized that altered nutrient sensing (by HBP) with age may provide a link among aging, nutrient flux, and insulin resistance. Using a hyperinsulinemic clamp in young rats, we show that experimental activation of HBP, through the systemic infusion of glucosamine, induced severe insulin resistance (36% decline in peripheral insulin action; P<0.05), increased adipose tissue gene expression of fat-derived peptides (PAI-1 by 4-fold, angiotensinogen 3-fold, leptin 2-fold, resistin 4-fold, and adiponectin 4-fold; P<0.01 compared with young saline-infused), and enhanced glycosylation of transcription factors, thus mimicking a physiological and biological phenotype of aging. We further demonstrate a greater activation of nutrient-sensing HBP with age in both old ad libitum-fed and calorie-restricted rats. Interestingly, old calorie-restricted animals rapidly develop insulin resistance when exposed to glucosamine, despite their "young" phenotype. These results suggest that altered nutrient sensing by HBP with age may be the link among nutrients, insulin resistance, and age-related diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine H Einstein
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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