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Na SM, Im GI, Lee WS, Kim DG. Assessment of Attractant Combinations for the Management of Red Palm Weevils ( Rhynchophorus ferrugineus) in the United Arab Emirates. Insects 2024; 15:218. [PMID: 38667348 PMCID: PMC11049854 DOI: 10.3390/insects15040218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This study examined red palm weevil ecology in the United Arab Emirates to develop effective food baits, pheromone, and eco-friendly trapping methods. Three phases of investigation were conducted (from June to December 2023) on date palm farms in Ras Al Khaimah and Abu Dhabi. The first two phases, each 15 days long, were conducted in Ras Al Khaimah, whereas the third phase, 18 days long, was conducted in Abu Dhabi. Chemical attractants, such as existing pheromones and ethyl acetate, a newly synthesized ferruginol pheromone, and food baits, such as original dates, date paste, coconut water, and date palm syrup, were used to attract the weevils. Multi-funnel traps containing various attractant mixes were tested. The main activity of the red palm weevils was observed from 3:00 to 6:00 a.m., with 85.72 ± 3.39% being captured during this period, coinciding with cooler temperatures. When pheromones were added to the food bait, the capture rate increased by 6.95 ± 1.81 times. Combining food bait, ethyl acetate, and pheromones improved the capture rates by 3.14 ± 0.69 times compared to pheromones alone. The newly synthesized pheromone achieved capture rates 2.69 ± 0.07 times higher than those of the commercially available pheromone, confirming its suitability as a red palm weevil attractant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Mi Na
- Institute of Environmental Ecology, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gue-Il Im
- IMPROCK Co., Ltd., Bucheon 14452, Republic of Korea; (G.-I.I.); (W.-S.L.)
| | - Woon-Seok Lee
- IMPROCK Co., Ltd., Bucheon 14452, Republic of Korea; (G.-I.I.); (W.-S.L.)
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Institute of Environmental Ecology, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea;
- Smith College of Liberal Arts, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
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Kim DG, Kim U, Park IH, Ryu B, Yoo Y, Cha JS, Yoon GY, Kim SH, Oh H, Seo JY, Nam KT, Seong JK, Shin JS, Cho HS, Kim HS. A bivalent form of a RBD-specific synthetic antibody effectively neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants. Antiviral Res 2023; 220:105738. [PMID: 37944822 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is severely impacting the world, and tremendous efforts have been made to deal with it. Despite many advances in vaccines and therapeutics, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants remains an intractable challenge. We present a bivalent Receptor Binding Domain (RBD)-specific synthetic antibody, specific for the RBD of wild-type (lineage A), developed from a non-antibody protein scaffold composed of LRR (Leucine-rich repeat) modules through phage display. We further reinforced the unique feature of the synthetic antibody by constructing a tandem dimeric form. The resulting bivalent form showed a broader neutralizing activity against the variants. The in vivo neutralizing efficacy of the bivalent synthetic antibody was confirmed using a human ACE2-expressing mouse model that significantly alleviated viral titer and lung infection. The present approach can be used to develop a synthetic antibody showing a broader neutralizing activity against a multitude of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Uijin Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - In Ho Park
- Institute of Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Bumhan Ryu
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
| | - Youngki Yoo
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jeong Seok Cha
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ga-Yeon Yoon
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Heeju Oh
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Seo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jeon-Soo Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea; Institute of Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Hak-Sung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
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Yu TG, Lee J, Yoon J, Choi JM, Kim DG, Heo WD, Song JJ, Kim HS. Engineering of a Fluorescent Protein for a Sensing of an Intrinsically Disordered Protein through Transition in the Chromophore State. JACS Au 2023; 3:3055-3065. [PMID: 38034956 PMCID: PMC10685427 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) not only play important roles in biological processes but are also linked with the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Specific and reliable sensing of IDPs is crucial for exploring their roles but remains elusive due to structural plasticity. Here, we present the development of a new type of fluorescent protein for the ratiometric sensing and tracking of an IDP. A β-strand of green fluorescent protein (GFP) was truncated, and the resulting GFP was further engineered to undergo the transition in the absorption maximum upon binding of a target motif within amyloid-β (Aβ) as a model IDP through rational design and directed evolution. Spectroscopic and structural analyses of the engineered truncated GFP demonstrated that a shift in the absorption maximum is driven by the change in the chromophore state from an anionic (460 nm) state into a neutral (390 nm) state as the Aβ binds, allowing a ratiometric detection of Aβ. The utility of the developed GFP was shown by the efficient and specific detection of an Aβ and the tracking of its conformational change and localization in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Geun Yu
- Departement
of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jinsu Lee
- Departement
of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jungmin Yoon
- Departement
of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jung Min Choi
- School
of Food Biotechnology and Nutrition, Kyungsung
University, Busan 48434, Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Departement
of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Won Do Heo
- Departement
of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Ji-Joon Song
- Departement
of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hak-Sung Kim
- Departement
of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Kim DG, Lyu JI, Kim JM, Seo JS, Choi HI, Jo YD, Kim SH, Eom SH, Ahn JW, Bae CH, Kwon SJ. Identification of Loci Governing Agronomic Traits and Mutation Hotspots via a GBS-Based Genome-Wide Association Study in a Soybean Mutant Diversity Pool. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810441. [PMID: 36142354 PMCID: PMC9499481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we performed a genotyping-by-sequencing analysis and a genome-wide association study of a soybean mutant diversity pool previously constructed by gamma irradiation. A GWAS was conducted to detect significant associations between 37,249 SNPs, 11 agronomic traits, and 6 phytochemical traits. In the merged data set, 66 SNPs on 13 chromosomes were highly associated (FDR p < 0.05) with the following 4 agronomic traits: days of flowering (33 SNPs), flower color (16 SNPs), node number (6 SNPs), and seed coat color (11 SNPs). These results are consistent with the findings of earlier studies on other genetic features (e.g., natural accessions and recombinant inbred lines). Therefore, our observations suggest that the genomic changes in the mutants generated by gamma irradiation occurred at the same loci as the mutations in the natural soybean population. These findings are indicative of the existence of mutation hotspots, or the acceleration of genome evolution in response to high doses of radiation. Moreover, this study demonstrated that the integration of GBS and GWAS to investigate a mutant population derived from gamma irradiation is suitable for dissecting the molecular basis of complex traits in soybeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gun Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea
| | - Jae Il Lyu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea
- Research Center of Crop Breeding for Omics and Artificial Intelligence, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea
| | - Jung Min Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea
| | - Ji Su Seo
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea
| | - Hong-Il Choi
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea
| | - Yeong Deuk Jo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Eom
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Joon-Woo Ahn
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea
| | - Chang-Hyu Bae
- Department of Life Resources, Graduate School, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-H.B.); (S.-J.K.)
| | - Soon-Jae Kwon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-H.B.); (S.-J.K.)
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Kim JM, Lyu JI, Kim DG, Hung NN, Seo JS, Ahn JW, Lim YJ, Eom SH, Ha BK, Kwon SJ. Genome wide association study to detect genetic regions related to isoflavone content in a mutant soybean population derived from radiation breeding. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:968466. [PMID: 36061785 PMCID: PMC9433930 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.968466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones are major secondary metabolites that are exclusively produced by legumes, including soybean. Soy isoflavones play important roles in human health as well as in the plant defense system. The isoflavone content is influenced by minor-effect quantitative trait loci, which interact with polygenetic and environmental factors. It has been difficult to clarify the regulation of isoflavone biosynthesis because of its complex heritability and the influence of external factors. Here, using a genotype-by-sequencing-based genome-wide association mapping study, 189 mutant soybean genotypes (the mutant diversity pool, MDP) were genotyped on the basis of 25,646 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor allele frequency of >0.01 except for missing data. All the accessions were phenotyped by determining the contents of 12 isoflavones in the soybean seeds in two consecutive years (2020 and 2021). Then, quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) related to isoflavone contents were identified and validated using multi-locus GWAS models. A total of 112 and 46 QTNs related to isoflavone contents were detected by multiple MLM-based models in 2020 and 2021, respectively. Of these, 12 and 5 QTNs were related to more than two types of isoflavones in 2020 and 2021, respectively. Forty-four QTNs were detected within the 441-Kb physical interval surrounding Gm05:38940662. Of them, four QTNs (Gm05:38936166, Gm05:38936167, Gm05:38940662, and Gm05:38940717) were located at Glyma.05g206900 and Glyma.05g207000, which encode glutathione S-transferase THETA 1 (GmGSTT1), as determined from previous quantitative trait loci annotations and the literature. We detected substantial differences in the transcript levels of GmGSTT1 and two other core genes (IFS1 and IFS2) in the isoflavone biosynthetic pathway between the original cultivar and its mutant. The results of this study provide new information about the factors affecting isoflavone contents in soybean seeds and will be useful for breeding soybean lines with high and stable concentrations of isoflavones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jae Il Lyu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University, Yesan, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Nguyen Ngoc Hung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ji Su Seo
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Joon-Woo Ahn
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - You Jin Lim
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Eom
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Bo-Keun Ha
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soon-Jae Kwon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
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Kim D, Park JH, Kim TY, Kim DG, Byun JH, Kim HS. Enhanced half-life and antitumor activity of Interleukin-15 through genetic fusion of a serum albumin-specific protein binder. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122059. [PMID: 35905933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Human interleukin-15 (hIL-15) has attracted a considerable attention as a promising cancer immunotherapeutic due to its function to directly stimulate the proliferation and cytotoxic activity of NK and T cells. Nevertheless, a relatively short half-life of hIL-15 requires repeated administration and higher doses, causing serious side effects. Here, we demonstrate an enhanced blood half-life and biological activity of hIL-15 through genetic fusion of a human serum albumin-specific protein binder (rHSA). The fusion construct (rHSA-IL15) was observed to maintain respective binding activities for both hIL-15 receptor α and human serum albumin. The rHSA-IL15 led to a significant increase in the secretion of Granzyme B and INF-γ by immune cells compare to free hIL-15, expanding the population of activated T cell subset such as CD4 + T and CD8+ T cells. The terminal half-life of the rHSA-IL15 was prolonged by around a 40-fold in transgenic mice expressing human serum albumin, compared to free hIL-15. The rHSA-IL15 resulted in distinct anti-tumor activities in xenograft SCC (squamous cell carcinoma) mouse and allograft melanoma mouse models through activation of NK and CD8+ T cells. The rHSA-IL15 is expected to be used in cancer immunotherapy, assisting in the development of other cytokines as immunotherapeutic agents with greater efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasom Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Tae-Yoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; Present address: Beckmann Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - June-Ho Byun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea.
| | - Hak-Sung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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Mahita J, Kim DG, Son S, Choi Y, Kim HS, Bailey-Kellogg C. Computational epitope binning reveals functional equivalence of sequence-divergent paratopes. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:2169-2180. [PMID: 35615020 PMCID: PMC9118127 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epitope binning groups target-specific protein binders recognizing the same binding region. The “Epibin” method utilizes docking models to computationally predict competition and identify bins. Epibin recapitulated binding competition of repebody variants as determined by immunoassays. In addition, Epibin enabled identification of ‘paratope-equivalent’ residues in sequence-dissimilar variants. Computational epitope binning can scale to allow characterization of entire antigen-specific antibody repertoires.
The therapeutic efficacy of a protein binder largely depends on two factors: its binding site and its binding affinity. Advances in in vitro library display screening and next-generation sequencing have enabled accelerated development of strong binders, yet identifying their binding sites still remains a major challenge. The differentiation, or “binning”, of binders into different groups that recognize distinct binding sites on their target is a promising approach that facilitates high-throughput screening of binders that may show different biological activity. Here we study the extent to which the information contained in the amino acid sequences comprising a set of target-specific binders can be leveraged to bin them, inferring functional equivalence of their binding regions, or paratopes, based directly on comparison of the sequences, their modeled structures, or their modeled interactions. Using a leucine-rich repeat binding scaffold known as a “repebody” as the source of diversity in recognition against interleukin-6 (IL-6), we show that the “Epibin” approach introduced here effectively utilized structural modelling and docking to extract specificity information encoded in the repebody amino acid sequences and thereby successfully recapitulate IL-6 binding competition observed in immunoassays. Furthermore, our computational binning provided a basis for designing in vitro mutagenesis experiments to pinpoint specificity-determining residues. Finally, we demonstrate that the Epibin approach can extend to antibodies, retrospectively comparing its predictions to results from antigen-specific antibody competition studies. The study thus demonstrates the utility of modeling structure and binding from the amino acid sequences of different binders against the same target, and paves the way for larger-scale binning and analysis of entire repertoires.
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Kim D, Chong SH, Shin S, Ham S. Mutation effects on FAS1 domain 4 based on structure and solubility. Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom 2022; 1870:140746. [PMID: 34942360 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2021.140746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the fasciclin 1 domain 4 (FAS1-4) of transforming growth factor β-induced protein (TGFBIp) are associated with insoluble extracellular deposits and corneal dystrophies (CDs). The decrease in solubility upon mutation has been implicated in CD; however, the exact molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we performed molecular dynamics simulations followed by solvation thermodynamic analyses of the FAS1-4 domain and its three mutants-R555W, R555Q, and A546T-linked to granular corneal dystrophy type 1, Thiel-Behnke corneal dystrophy and lattice corneal dystrophy, respectively. We found that both R555W and R555Q mutants have less affinity toward solvent water relative to the wild-type protein. In the R555W mutant, a remarkable increase in solvation free energy was observed because of the structural changes near the mutation site. The mutation site W555 is buried in other hydrophobic residues, and R557 simultaneously forms salt bridges with E554 and D561. In the R555Q mutant, the increase in solvation free energy is caused by structural rearrangements far from the mutation site. R558 separately forms salt bridges with D575, E576, and E598. Thus, we thus identified the relationship between the decrease in solubility and conformational changes caused by mutations, which may be useful in designing potential therapeutics and in blocking FAS1 aggregation related to CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- DongGun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, The Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Ho Chong
- Department of Chemistry, The Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokmin Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sihyun Ham
- Department of Chemistry, The Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.
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Byun J, Kim DG, Li S. The Geopolitical Consequences of COVID-19: Assessing Hawkish Mass Opinion in China. Polit Sci Q 2021; 136:641-665. [PMID: 34908593 PMCID: PMC8661655 DOI: 10.1002/polq.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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Kim JM, Lyu JI, Kim DG, Hung NN, Ryu J, Kim JB, Ahn JW, Ha BK, Kwon SJ. Analysis of genetic diversity and relationships of Perilla frutescens using novel EST-SSR markers derived from transcriptome between wild-type and mutant Perilla. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6387-6400. [PMID: 34426904 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06639-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perilla frutescens (Lamiaceae) is distributed in East Asia and is classified into var. frutescens and crispa. P. frutescens is multipurpose crop for human health because of a variety of secondary metabolites such as phenolic compound and essential oil. However, a lack of genetic information has hindered the development and utilization of Perilla genotypes. METHODS AND RESULTS This study was performed to develop expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers from P. frutescens var. crispa (wild type) and Antisperill (a mutant cultivar) and used them to assess the genetic diversity of, and relationships among, 94 P. frutescens genotypes. We obtained 65 Gb of sequence data comprising 632,970 transcripts by de novo RNA-sequencing. Of the 14,780 common SSRs, 102 polymorphic EST-SSRs were selected using in silico polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Overall, successful amplification from 58 EST-SSRs markers revealed remarkable genetic diversity and relationships among 94 P. frutescens genotypes. In total, 268 alleles were identified, with an average of 4.62 alleles per locus (range 2-11 alleles/locus). The average polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 0.50 (range 0.04-0.86). In phylogenetic and population structure analyses, the genotypes formed two major groups: Group I (var. crispa) and Group II (var. frutescens). CONCLUSION This results suggest that 58 novel EST-SSR markers derived from wild-type cultivar (var. crispa) and its mutant cultivar (Antisperill) have potential uses for population genetics and recombinant inbred line mapping analyses, which will provide comprehensive insights into the genetic diversity and relationship of P. frutescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea.,Department of Applied Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Jae Il Lyu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea.,Department of Life-Resources, Graduate School, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Korea
| | - Nguyen Ngoc Hung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea.,Department of Applied Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Jaihyunk Ryu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea
| | - Joon-Woo Ahn
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea
| | - Bo-Keun Ha
- Department of Applied Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea.
| | - Soon-Jae Kwon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea.
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Jeong HY, Kim DG, Akpe SG, Paidi VK, Park HS, Lee SH, Lee KS, Ham HC, Kim P, Yoo SJ. Hydrogen-Mediated Thin Pt Layer Formation on Ni 3N Nanoparticles for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:24624-24633. [PMID: 34003000 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A simple wet-chemical route for the preparation of core-shell-structured catalysts was developed to achieve high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity with a low Pt loading amount. Nickel nitride (Ni3N) nanoparticles were used as earth-abundant metal-based cores to support thin Pt layers. To realize the site-selective formation of Pt layers on the Ni3N core, hydrogen molecules (H2) were used as a mild reducing agent. As H2 oxidation is catalyzed by the surface of Ni3N, the redox reaction between H2 and Pt(IV) in solution was facilitated on the Ni3N surface, which resulted in the selective deposition of Pt on Ni3N. The controlled Pt formation led to a subnanometer (0.5-1 nm)-thick Pt shell on the Ni3N core. By adopting the core-shell structure, higher ORR activity than the commercial Pt/C was achieved. Electrochemical measurements showed that the thin Pt layer on Ni3N nanoparticle exhibits 5 times higher mass activity and specific activity than that of commercial Pt/C. Furthermore, it is expected that the proposed simple wet-chemical method can be utilized to prepare various transition-metal-based core-shell nanocatalysts for a wide range of energy conversion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yun Jeong
- Center for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Shedrack G Akpe
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinod K Paidi
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun S Park
- Center for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyoung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Kug-Seung Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Chul Ham
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jong Yoo
- Center for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Division of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kim DG, Lyu JI, Lim YJ, Kim JM, Hung NN, Eom SH, Kim SH, Kim JB, Bae CH, Kwon SJ. Differential Gene Expression Associated with Altered Isoflavone and Fatty Acid Contents in Soybean Mutant Diversity Pool. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10061037. [PMID: 34063981 PMCID: PMC8224098 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Soybean seeds are consumed worldwide owing to their nutritional value and health benefits. In this study we investigated the metabolic properties of 208 soybean mutant diversity pool (MDP) lines by measuring the isoflavone and fatty acid contents of the seed. The total isoflavone content (TIC) ranged from 0.88 mg/g to 7.12 mg/g and averaged 3.08 mg/g. The proportion of oleic acid among total fatty acids (TFA) ranged from 0.38% to 24.66% and averaged 11.02%. Based on the TIC and TFA among the 208 MDP lines, we selected six lines with altered isoflavone content and six lines with altered oleic acid content compared with those of the corresponding wild-types for measuring gene expression. Each of twelve genes from the isoflavone and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were analyzed at three different seed developmental stages. Isoflavone biosynthetic genes, including CHI1A, IFS1, and IFS2, showed differences in stages and expression patterns among individuals and wild-types, whereas MaT7 showed consistently higher expression levels in three mutants with increased isoflavone content at stage 1. Expression patterns of the 12 fatty acid biosynthetic genes were classifiable into two groups that reflected the developmental stages of the seeds. The results will be useful for functional analysis of the regulatory genes involved in the isoflavone and fatty acid biosynthetic pathways in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gun Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea; (D.-G.K.); (J.-I.L.); (J.-M.K.); (N.-N.H.); (S.-H.K.); (J.-B.K.)
| | - Jae-Il Lyu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea; (D.-G.K.); (J.-I.L.); (J.-M.K.); (N.-N.H.); (S.-H.K.); (J.-B.K.)
| | - You-Jin Lim
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.E.)
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea; (D.-G.K.); (J.-I.L.); (J.-M.K.); (N.-N.H.); (S.-H.K.); (J.-B.K.)
| | - Nguyen-Ngoc Hung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea; (D.-G.K.); (J.-I.L.); (J.-M.K.); (N.-N.H.); (S.-H.K.); (J.-B.K.)
| | - Seok-Hyun Eom
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.E.)
| | - Sang-Hoon Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea; (D.-G.K.); (J.-I.L.); (J.-M.K.); (N.-N.H.); (S.-H.K.); (J.-B.K.)
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea; (D.-G.K.); (J.-I.L.); (J.-M.K.); (N.-N.H.); (S.-H.K.); (J.-B.K.)
| | - Chang-Hyu Bae
- Department of Life Resources, Graduate School, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-H.B.); (S.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-61-750-3214 (C.-H.B.); +82-63-570-3312 (S.-J.K.)
| | - Soon-Jae Kwon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Korea; (D.-G.K.); (J.-I.L.); (J.-M.K.); (N.-N.H.); (S.-H.K.); (J.-B.K.)
- Correspondence: (C.-H.B.); (S.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-61-750-3214 (C.-H.B.); +82-63-570-3312 (S.-J.K.)
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13
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Abstract
Protein binders including antibodies are known not to bind to random sites of target proteins, and their functional effectiveness mainly depends on the binding region, called the epitope. For the development of protein binders with desired functions, it is thus critical to understand which surface region protein binders prefer (or do not prefer) to bind. The current methods for epitope prediction focus on static indicators such as structural geometry or amino acid propensity, whereas protein binding events are in fact a consequence of dynamic interactions. Here, we demonstrate that the preference for a binding site by protein binders is strongly related to the structural flexibility of a target protein surface. Molecular dynamics simulations on unbound forms of antigen structures revealed that the antigen surface in direct contact with antibodies is less flexible than the rest of the surface. This tendency was shown to be similar in other non-antibody protein binders such as affibody, DARPin, monobody, and repebody. We also found that the relatedness of epitopes to the structural flexibility of a target protein surface is dependent on the secondary structure elements of paratopes. Monobody and repebody, whose binding sites are composed of β-strands, distinctively prefer to bind to a relatively more rigid region of a target protein. These observations enabled us to develop a simple epitope prediction method which shows a comparable performance to the commonly used ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjoo Choi
- Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy MRC, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Sung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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14
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Lim YJ, Kwon SJ, Qu S, Kim DG, Eom SH. Antioxidant Contributors in Seed, Seed Coat, and Cotyledon of γ-ray-Induced Soybean Mutant Lines with Different Seed Coat Colors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030353. [PMID: 33652948 PMCID: PMC7996878 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of soybean with high antioxidant activities for use in the food and cosmetics industries is a target of breeding programs. In soybean, antioxidants are associated with seed color, although the metabolic basis for seed coloration remains incompletely understood. We selected six γ-ray-induced mutant lines that exhibited black, partially black, brown, partially brown, or yellowish-white pigmentation in the seed coat. Antioxidant activity and contents of anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, and isoflavones were evaluated in the seed coat and cotyledons. The lines with black or brown seeds showed the highest antioxidant activities. The cotyledons showed no significant differences in seed coat components or antioxidant activities among lines. Black and brown seed coat components showed the highest antioxidant activities. The black seed coat contained five anthocyanins, whereas seed coats of brown- and yellow-seeded lines entirely lacked anthocyanins. Both black and brown seeds were rich in flavan-3-ols, including catechin and epicatechin, which were the predominant antioxidant contributors in brown seeds. Isoflavone contents showed weaker correlations with antioxidant activity than anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols. These results demonstrated that antioxidant activities were determined by anthocyanins in black seeds and flavan-3-ols in brown and black seeds, whereas relatively low antioxidant activities in yellow seeds reflected their high isoflavone contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Jin Lim
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.J.L.); (S.Q.)
| | - Soon-Jae Kwon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (S.-J.K.); (D.-G.K.)
| | - Shanshan Qu
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.J.L.); (S.Q.)
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (S.-J.K.); (D.-G.K.)
| | - Seok Hyun Eom
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.J.L.); (S.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-201-3860
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15
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Ryu J, Lyu JI, Kim DG, Kim JM, Jo YD, Kang SY, Kim JB, Ahn JW, Kim SH. Comparative Analysis of Volatile Compounds of Gamma-Irradiated Mutants of Rose ( Rosa hybrida). Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9091221. [PMID: 32957603 PMCID: PMC7569881 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Roses are one of the most important floricultural crops, and their essential oils have long been used for cosmetics and aromatherapy. We investigated the volatile compound compositions of 12 flower-color mutant variants and their original cultivars. Twelve rose mutant genotypes were developed by treatment with 70 Gy of 60Co gamma irradiation of six commercial rose cultivars. Essential oils from the flowers of the 18 genotypes were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Seventy-seven volatile compounds were detected, which were categorized into six classes: Aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ester, aromatic compounds, terpene alcohols, and others. Aliphatic (hydrocarbons, alcohols, and esters) compounds were abundant categories in all rose flowers. The CR-S2 mutant had the highest terpene alcohols and oil content. Three (CR-S1, CR-S3, and CR-S4) mutant genotypes showed higher ester contents than their original cultivar. Nonacosane, 2-methylhexacosane, and 2-methyltricosane were major volatile compounds among all genotypes. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of the rose genotypes gave four groups according to grouping among the 77 volatile compounds. In addition, the principal component analysis (PCA) model was successfully applied to distinguish most attractive rose lines. These findings will be useful for the selection of rose genotypes with improved volatile compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaihyunk Ryu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (J.R.); (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-M.K.); (Y.D.J.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.)
| | - Jae Il Lyu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (J.R.); (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-M.K.); (Y.D.J.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.)
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (J.R.); (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-M.K.); (Y.D.J.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.)
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (J.R.); (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-M.K.); (Y.D.J.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.)
| | - Yeong Deuk Jo
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (J.R.); (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-M.K.); (Y.D.J.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.)
| | - Si-Yong Kang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea;
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (J.R.); (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-M.K.); (Y.D.J.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.)
| | - Joon-Woo Ahn
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (J.R.); (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-M.K.); (Y.D.J.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.)
| | - Sang Hoon Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (J.R.); (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-M.K.); (Y.D.J.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-570-3318
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16
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Ahn HM, Kim DG, Kim YJ. Blockade of endothelin receptor A enhances the therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:568-573. [PMID: 32423820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is currently one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The high rate of mortality in pancreatic cancer patients is due to the inability to detect early-stage disease and the disease being highly refractory to therapy. Gemcitabine has been the standard chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer patients for the last two decades. However, gemcitabine resistance develops within a few weeks of treatment, and the associated mechanism remains poorly understood. Therefore, a novel therapeutic strategy is needed to overcome the limited clinical efficacy of gemcitabine in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In this study, we demonstrated that ET-1/ETAR axis gene expression was upregulated in pancreatic cancer cells after treatment with gemcitabine. Additionally, ETAR expression was significantly higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues, and patients with high ETAR expression had a notably worse overall survival rate than those with low ETAR expression. Furthermore, our results revealed that bosentan, an ETAR antagonist, enhanced the growth-inhibiting and proapoptotic effects of gemcitabine on pancreatic cancer cells. Thus, our findings indicate that blockade of the ET-1/ETAR axis signaling pathway promotes the antiproliferative effect of gemcitabine on pancreatic cancer. Therefore, combination of ETAR blockade and gemcitabine serves as an effective therapeutic approach to achieve clinical benefits in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Mi Ahn
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Jae Kim
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, 10408, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Lyu JI, Ramekar R, Kim DG, Kim JM, Lee MK, Hung NN, Kim JB, Ahn JW, Kang SY, Choi IY, Park KC, Kwon SJ. Characterization of Gene Isoforms Related to Cellulose and Lignin Biosynthesis in Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Mutant. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9050631. [PMID: 32423146 PMCID: PMC7285769 DOI: 10.3390/plants9050631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Kenaf is a source of fiber and a bioenergy crop that is considered to be a third world crop. Recently, a new kenaf cultivar, "Jangdae," was developed by gamma irradiation. It exhibited distinguishable characteristics such as higher biomass, higher seed yield, and earlier flowering than the wild type. We sequenced and analyzed the transcriptome of apical leaf and stem using Pacific Biosciences single-molecule long-read isoform sequencing platform. De novo assembly yielded 26,822 full-length transcripts with a total length of 59 Mbp. Sequence similarity against protein sequence allowed the functional annotation of 11,370 unigenes. Among them, 10,100 unigenes were assigned gene ontology terms, the majority of which were associated with the metabolic and cellular process. The Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis mapped 8875 of the annotated unigenes to 149 metabolic pathways. We also identified the majority of putative genes involved in cellulose and lignin-biosynthesis. We further evaluated the expression pattern in eight gene families involved in lignin-biosynthesis at different growth stages. In this study, appropriate biotechnological approaches using the information obtained for these putative genes will help to modify the desirable content traits in mutants. The transcriptome data can be used as a reference dataset and provide a resource for molecular genetic studies in kenaf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Il Lyu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.M.K.); (M.-K.L.); (N.N.H.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Rahul Ramekar
- Department of Agriculture and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (R.R.); (I.-Y.C.)
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.M.K.); (M.-K.L.); (N.N.H.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Jung Min Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.M.K.); (M.-K.L.); (N.N.H.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Min-Kyu Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.M.K.); (M.-K.L.); (N.N.H.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Nguyen Ngoc Hung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.M.K.); (M.-K.L.); (N.N.H.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.M.K.); (M.-K.L.); (N.N.H.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Joon-Woo Ahn
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.M.K.); (M.-K.L.); (N.N.H.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Si-Yong Kang
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.M.K.); (M.-K.L.); (N.N.H.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Ik-Young Choi
- Department of Agriculture and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (R.R.); (I.-Y.C.)
| | - Kyoung-Cheul Park
- Department of Agriculture and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (R.R.); (I.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.-C.P.); (S.-J.K.)
| | - Soon-Jae Kwon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (J.I.L.); (D.-G.K.); (J.M.K.); (M.-K.L.); (N.N.H.); (J.-B.K.); (J.-W.A.); (S.-Y.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.-C.P.); (S.-J.K.)
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18
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Chung HJ, Lee H, Na G, Jung H, Kim DG, Shin SI, Jung SE, Choi ID, Lee JH, Sim JH, Choi HK. Metabolic and Lipidomic Profiling of Vegetable Juices Fermented with Various Probiotics. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050725. [PMID: 32384794 PMCID: PMC7281372 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented vegetable juices have gained attention due to their various beneficial effects on human health. In this study, we employed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, direct infusion-mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify useful metabolites, lipids, and carotenoids in vegetable juice (VJ) fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum HY7712, Lactobacillus plantarum HY7715, Lactobacillus helveticus HY7801, and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis HY8002. A total of 41 metabolites, 24 lipids, and 4 carotenoids were detected in the fermented and non-fermented VJ (control). The lycopene, α-carotene, and β-carotene levels were higher in VJ fermented with L. plantarum strains (HY7712 and HY7715) than in the control. Proline content was also elevated in VJ fermented with HY7715. Uracil, succinic acid, and α-carotene concentration was increased in VJ fermented with HY7801, while glycine and lycopene levels were raised in VJ fermented with HY8002. This study confirmed that each probiotic strain has distinctive characteristics and produces unique changes to metabolic profiles of VJ during fermentation. Our results suggest that probiotic-fermented VJ is a promising functional beverage that contains more beneficial metabolites and carotenoids than commercial non-fermented VJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Jin Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (H.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (G.N.); (H.J.); (D.-G.K.); (S.-I.S.); (S.-E.J.); (I.-d.C.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Hwanhui Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (H.-J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Guknam Na
- Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (G.N.); (H.J.); (D.-G.K.); (S.-I.S.); (S.-E.J.); (I.-d.C.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Heechul Jung
- Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (G.N.); (H.J.); (D.-G.K.); (S.-I.S.); (S.-E.J.); (I.-d.C.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (G.N.); (H.J.); (D.-G.K.); (S.-I.S.); (S.-E.J.); (I.-d.C.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Sang-Ick Shin
- Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (G.N.); (H.J.); (D.-G.K.); (S.-I.S.); (S.-E.J.); (I.-d.C.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Seong-Eun Jung
- Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (G.N.); (H.J.); (D.-G.K.); (S.-I.S.); (S.-E.J.); (I.-d.C.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Il-dong Choi
- Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (G.N.); (H.J.); (D.-G.K.); (S.-I.S.); (S.-E.J.); (I.-d.C.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Jae-Hwan Lee
- Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (G.N.); (H.J.); (D.-G.K.); (S.-I.S.); (S.-E.J.); (I.-d.C.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Jae-Hun Sim
- Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (G.N.); (H.J.); (D.-G.K.); (S.-I.S.); (S.-E.J.); (I.-d.C.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Hyung-Kyoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (H.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-820-5605; Fax: 82-2-812-3921
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Zhang H, Chavez MB, Kolli TN, Tan MH, Fong H, Chu EY, Li Y, Ren X, Watanabe K, Kim DG, Foster BL. Dentoalveolar Defects in the Hyp Mouse Model of X-linked Hypophosphatemia. J Dent Res 2020; 99:419-428. [PMID: 31977267 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520901719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in PHEX cause X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), a form of hypophosphatemic rickets. Hyp (Phex mutant) mice recapitulate the XLH phenotype. Dental disorders are prevalent in individuals with XLH; however, underlying dentoalveolar defects remain incompletely understood. We analyzed Hyp mouse dentoalveolar defects at 42 and 90 d postnatal to comparatively define effects of XLH on dental formation and function. Phex mRNA was expressed by odontoblasts (dentin), osteocytes (bone), and cementocytes (cellular cementum) in wild-type (WT) mice. Enamel density was unaffected, though enamel volume was significantly reduced in Hyp mice. Dentin defects in Hyp molars were indicated histologically by wide predentin, thin dentin, and extensive interglobular dentin, confirming micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) findings of reduced dentin volume and density. Acellular cementum was thin and showed periodontal ligament detachment. Mechanical testing indicated dramatically altered periodontal mechanical properties in Hyp versus WT mice. Hyp mandibles demonstrated expanded alveolar bone with accumulation of osteoid, and micro-CT confirmed decreased bone volume fraction and alveolar bone density. Cellular cementum area was significantly increased in Hyp versus WT molars owing to accumulation of hypomineralized cementoid. Histology, scanning electron microscopy, and nanoindentation revealed hypomineralized "halos" surrounding Hyp cementocyte and osteocyte lacunae. Three-dimensional micro-CT analyses confirmed larger cementocyte/osteocyte lacunae and significantly reduced perilacunar mineral density. While long bone and alveolar bone osteocytes in Hyp mice overexpressed fibroblast growth factor 23 (Fgf23), its expression in molars was much lower, with cementocyte Fgf23 expression particularly low. Expression and distribution of other selected markers were disturbed in Hyp versus WT long bone, alveolar bone, and cementum, including osteocyte/cementocyte marker dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1). This study reports for the first time a quantitative analysis of the Hyp mouse dentoalveolar phenotype, including all mineralized tissues. Novel insights into cellular cementum provide evidence for a role for cementocytes in perilacunar mineralization and cementum biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M B Chavez
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T N Kolli
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M H Tan
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - H Fong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - E Y Chu
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Y Li
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Ren
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - K Watanabe
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - D G Kim
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - B L Foster
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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20
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Han ES, Na GH, Choi HJ, You YK, Kim DG. Effectiveness of Perioperative Immunologic Markers Monitoring for Predicting Early Acute Cellular Rejection After Living Donor Liver Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:2648-2654. [PMID: 31477418 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine whether perioperative immunologic markers monitoring could predict early acute cellular rejection (ACR) after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). MATERIALS AND METHODS From September 2010 to June 2013, a total of 172 patients underwent LDLT at our transplant center. Of them, 26 patients were excluded because of infection. We retrospectively reviewed the remaining 146 patients. CD4 lymphocyte activity, T cell subsets test, and serum cytokine panel were checked on the day before transplantation and at 20 days after transplantation. These patients were divided into 3 groups: 1. normal liver function test (LFT) group; 2. increased LFT without rejection group; and 3. early ACR group. We excluded the increased LFT without rejection group in order to rule out multiple factors influencing immunologic factors. RESULTS CD4 lymphocyte activity (P = .004) was significantly increased while CD4+/CD25+/FOXP3+ cells (P < .001) and interleukin (IL)-17 (P = .002) levels were significantly decreased during the perioperative period. Pretransplant IL-6 (P = .014) and IL-17 (P = .029) levels in the early ACR group were significantly lower than those in the normal LFT group. The proportion of patients with increased IL-6 during perioperative period in the early ACR group was higher than that in the normal LFT group, although the difference was not statistically significant (P = .065). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that IL-6 and IL-17 levels are associated with early ACR in LDLT patients. However, whether monitoring perioperative immunologic markers could predict early ACR remains unclear. Further prospective studies are needed to reach a definite conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Han
- Department of Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Buchoen, Korea
| | - G H Na
- Department of Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Buchoen, Korea.
| | - H J Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y K You
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - D G Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Hong MJ, Jang YE, Kim DG, Kim JM, Lee MK, Kim JB, Eom SH, Ha BK, Lyu JI, Kwon SJ. Selection of mutants with high linolenic acid contents and characterization of fatty acid desaturase 2 and 3 genes during seed development in soybean (Glycine max). J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:5384-5391. [PMID: 31077382 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean seeds contain 18-24% lipids, which are made up of 85% polyunsaturated fatty acids. Two of these (linoleic and linolenic acids) comprise essential fatty acids that are not synthesized in humans and animals. Linolenic acid plays a vital role in the maintenance of brain function and is a source of docosahexaenoic acid for retinal and nerve tissue, with its physiological functions being a focus of attention. RESULTS We developed mutant soybean populations via gamma irradiation of Korean cultivars Danbaek and Daepung and evaluated the linolenic acid content of 78 and 154 M9 mutant progenies. We selected the four mutant lines with the highest linolenic acid contents based on 2 years of investigation of fatty acids. The selected mutant lines had linolenic acid contents that were 33.9% to 67.7% higher than those of the original cultivars and exhibited increased fatty acid desaturase (FAD) gene expression levels during seed development. We also identified nucleotide polymorphisms of FAD genes in the four mutant lines. CONCLUSION The present study found that linolenic acid content is related to significantly increased expression levels of the FAD3C and FAD3D genes in the endoplasmic reticulum, which was uncovered by radiation mutation breeding of soybean. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Young Eun Jang
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
- Department of Life-Resources, Graduate School, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Korea
| | - Jung Min Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Collage of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Collage of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Eom
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Bo-Keun Ha
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Collage of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Il Lyu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Soon-Jae Kwon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
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22
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Kim DG, Gomberg MA, Gushchin AE, Zaycev AV. [Non-gonococcal urethritis in men]. Urologiia 2019:122-128. [PMID: 31535818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This literature review is dedicated to urethritis which is one of the most common disorders of urogenital tract in men. The current views in its etiology as well as problems in diagnosis with the main being the frequent inability to isolate etiological factor of inflammation it the urethra are described. The analysis of literature suggests a possible role of bacteria, which are associated with bacterial vaginosis in women, in the development of the urethritis in men. However, the frequency of such urethritis and causative role of specific pathogens has not been studied yet. Meanwhile, the exact determination of the causes of inflammation has direct influence on the choice of appropriate etiologic treatment and can increase its efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Kim
- GBUZ Moscow Scientific Practical Center of Dermatology, Venerology and Cosmetology of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
- FBUN Central Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russia
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Gomberg
- GBUZ Moscow Scientific Practical Center of Dermatology, Venerology and Cosmetology of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
- FBUN Central Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russia
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - A E Gushchin
- GBUZ Moscow Scientific Practical Center of Dermatology, Venerology and Cosmetology of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
- FBUN Central Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russia
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Zaycev
- GBUZ Moscow Scientific Practical Center of Dermatology, Venerology and Cosmetology of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
- FBUN Central Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russia
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Lee MK, Lyu JI, Hong MJ, Kim DG, Kim JM, Kim JB, Eom SH, Ha BK, Kwon SJ. Utility of TRAP markers to determine indel mutation frequencies induced by gamma-ray irradiation of faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) seeds. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1160-1171. [PMID: 30964373 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1605462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The aims were to determine the optimal gamma ray dose for faba bean (Vicia faba) and to identify genetic variation and indel mutation frequency among mutants using target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) markers. Materials and methods: Seeds from 10 elite lines were irradiated with gamma rays (50-700 Gy), and germination, survival rate, and representative morphological traits were measured. The extent of DNA damage was investigated using comet assays, and TRAP markers were used to evaluate genetic variation, genetic diversity, and mutation frequencies. Results: Germination percentages significantly decreased at doses >100 Gy. Survival percentages and morphological traits decreased with elevation in dose. The comet assays revealed that high irradiation doses decreased head DNA levels. Phylogenetic and principal component analysis of 555 individual faba bean plants resolved eight major groups. Genetic variation between controls and mutants was limited to within groups. Mutation frequencies were associated with gamma dose in each mutant line. Conclusions: The optimal gamma dose was 100-150 Gy on the basis of survival percentage and morphological response analysis. The TRAP markers distinguished mutant lines and showed association between mutation frequency and gamma doses. This study will be useful for faba bean mutation breeding and may be applicable to other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyu Lee
- a Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute , Jeongeup , Korea.,b Division of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Jae Il Lyu
- a Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute , Jeongeup , Korea
| | - Min Jeong Hong
- a Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute , Jeongeup , Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- a Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute , Jeongeup , Korea.,c Department of Life-Resources, Graduate School, Sunchon National University , Sunchon , Korea
| | - Jung Min Kim
- a Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute , Jeongeup , Korea.,b Division of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- a Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute , Jeongeup , Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Eom
- d Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Yongin , Korea
| | - Bo-Keun Ha
- b Division of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Soon-Jae Kwon
- a Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute , Jeongeup , Korea
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24
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Jo YH, Choi WM, Kim DG, Zargaran A, Sohn SS, Kim HS, Lee BJ, Kim NJ, Lee S. FCC to BCC transformation-induced plasticity based on thermodynamic phase stability in novel V 10Cr 10Fe 45Co xNi 35-x medium-entropy alloys. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2948. [PMID: 30814569 PMCID: PMC6393512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39570-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a novel transformation-induced plasticity mechanism, i.e., a martensitic transformation from fcc phase to bcc phase, in medium-entropy alloys (MEAs). A VCrFeCoNi MEA system is designed by thermodynamic calculations in consideration of phase stability between bcc and fcc phases. The resultantly formed bcc martensite favorably contributes to the transformation-induced plasticity, thereby leading to a significant enhancement in both strength and ductility as well as strain hardening. We reveal the microstructural evolutions according to the Co-Ni balance and their contributions to a mechanical response. The Co-Ni balance plays a leading role in phase stability and consequently tunes the cryogenic-temperature strength-ductility balance. The main difference from recently-reported metastable high-entropy dual-phase alloys is the formation of bcc martensite as a daughter phase, which shows significant effects on strain hardening. The hcp phase in the present MEA mostly acts as a nucleation site for the bcc martensite. Our findings demonstrate that the fcc to bcc transformation can be an attractive route to a new MEA design strategy for improving cryogenic strength-ductility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Jo
- Center for High Entropy Alloys, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - W M Choi
- Center for High Entropy Alloys, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - D G Kim
- Center for High Entropy Alloys, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - A Zargaran
- Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - S S Sohn
- Center for High Entropy Alloys, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea.
| | - H S Kim
- Center for High Entropy Alloys, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - B J Lee
- Center for High Entropy Alloys, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - N J Kim
- Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Center for High Entropy Alloys, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
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Kong SH, Kim SM, Kim DG, Park KH, Suh YS, Kim TH, Kim IJ, Seo JH, Lim YJ, Lee HJ, Yang HK. Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Testing of the Perigastric Vagus Nerve Branches to Evaluate Viability and Signals along Nerve Pathways during Gastrectomy. J Gastric Cancer 2019; 19:49-61. [PMID: 30944758 PMCID: PMC6441774 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2019.19.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The perigastric vagus nerve may play an important role in preserving function after gastrectomy, and intraoperative neurophysiologic tests might represent a feasible method of evaluating the vagus nerve. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of neurophysiologic evaluations of the function and viability of perigastric vagus nerve branches during gastrectomy. Materials and Methods Thirteen patients (1 open total gastrectomy, 1 laparoscopic total gastrectomy, and 11 laparoscopic distal gastrectomy) were prospectively enrolled. The hepatic and celiac branches of the vagus nerve were exposed, and grabbing type stimulation electrodes were applied as follows: 10–30 mA intensity, 4 trains, 1,000 µs/train, and 5× frequency. Visible myocontractile movement and electrical signals were monitored via needle probes before and after gastrectomy. Gastrointestinal symptoms were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 weeks and 3 months, respectively. Results Responses were observed after stimulating the celiac branch in 10, 9, 10, and 6 patients in the antrum, pylorus, duodenum, and proximal jejunum, respectively. Ten patients responded to hepatic branch stimulation at the duodenum. After vagus-preserving distal gastrectomy, 2 patients lost responses to the celiac branch at the duodenum and jejunum (1 each), and 1 patient lost response to the hepatic branch at the duodenum. Significant procedure-related complications and meaningful postoperative diarrhea were not observed. Conclusions Intraoperative neurophysiologic testing seems to be a feasible methodology for monitoring the perigastric vagus nerves. Innervation of the duodenum via the celiac branch and postoperative preservation of the function of the vagus nerves were confirmed in most patients. Trial Registration Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0000823
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ho Kong
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Min Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Hong Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Suhk Suh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Han Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il Jung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Seo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jin Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Joon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Kwang Yang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SH, Lee W, An CH, Kwon DS, Kim DG, Cha SH, Cho ST, Hwang CS. Effect of Growth Temperature during the Atomic Layer Deposition of the SrTiO 3 Seed Layer on the Properties of RuO 2/SrTiO 3/Ru Capacitors for Dynamic Random Access Memory Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:41544-41551. [PMID: 30418741 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The atomic layer deposition process of SrTiO3 (STO) films at 230 °C was studied with Sr(iPr3Cp)2 and Ti(CpMe5)(OMe)3 (Pr, Cp, and Me are propyl, cyclopentadienyl, and methyl groups, respectively) on Ru substrates. The growth behavior and properties of STO films grown at 230 °C were compared with those deposited at 370 °C. With the limited over-reaction of the Sr precursor during the initial growth stage at a lower temperature, the cation composition was more controllable, and the surface morphology after crystallization annealing at 650 °C had more uniform grains with fewer defects. Here, the excess reaction of the Sr precursor means the chemical-vapor-deposition-like growth of the SrO component mediated through the thermal decomposition of the adsorbed Sr precursor molecules. It was by the reaction of the Sr precursor with the oxygen supplied from the partly oxidized Ru substrate. The second STO was grown at 370 °C (main layer) on the annealed first STO layer (crystallized seed layer) to lead to the in situ crystallization of the main layer. Due to the improved microstructure of STO films induced by the seed layer deposited at 230 °C, the bulk dielectric constant of 167 was obtained for the main layer, which was higher than the value of 101 where the seed layer was deposited at 370 °C, even though the crystallization annealing condition of the seed layer and the deposition condition of the main layer were consistent. The seed layer grown at 230 °C, however, had a lower dielectric constant of only ∼49, whereas the high-temperature seed layer had a dielectric constant of ∼106. Therefore, the low-temperature seed layer posed a severe limitation in acquiring an advanced capacitor property with the involvement of a low-dielectric interfacial layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyeon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Woongkyu Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Cheol Hyun An
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Seon Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyung Cha
- Department of Engineering Practice , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Tak Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Seong Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
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Lee MK, Kim DG, Kim JM, Ryu J, Eom SH, Hong MJ, Jang YE, Ha BK, Kwon SJ. Selection of the Elite Lines with High Adaptability to Autumn Sowing of South Korea in Faba Bean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.9787/pbb.2018.6.1.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kwon SJ, Kim DG, Kim JM, Kang KY, Lee MK, Hong MJ, Kim JB, Eom SH, Kang SY, Ha BK, Ryu J. Phytochemical Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in the Grain of Selected Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Genotypes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.9787/pbb.2018.6.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Ryou JH, Sohn YK, Kim DG, Kyeong HH, Kim HS. Engineering and cytosolic delivery of a native regulatory protein and its variants for modulation of ERK2 signaling pathway. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:839-849. [PMID: 29240226 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of a cell signaling process using a molecular binder followed by an analysis of the cellular response is crucial for understanding its role in the cellular function and developing pharmaceuticals. Herein, we present the modulation of the ERK2-mediated signaling pathway through the cytosolic delivery of a native regulatory protein for ERK2, that is, PEA-15 (phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes, 15 kDa), and its engineered variants using a bacterial toxin-based delivery system. Based on biochemical and structural analyses, PEA-15 variants with different phosphorylation sites and a high affinity for ERK2 were designed. Semi-rational approach led to about an 830-fold increase in the binding affinity of PEA-15, resulting in more effective modulation of the ERK2-mediated signaling. Our approach enabled an understanding of the cellular function of the ERK2-mediated signaling process and the effect of PEA-15 phosphorylation on its action as an ERK2 blocker. We demonstrated the utility and potential of our approach by showing an efficient cytosolic delivery of these PEA-15 variants and the effective suppression of cell proliferation through the inhibition of the ERK2 function. The present approach can be used broadly for modulating the cell signaling processes and understanding their roles in cellular function, as well as for the development of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyun Ryou
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yoo-Kyoung Sohn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ho Kyeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hak-Sung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
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Hwang YH, Kim DG, Li W, Yang HJ, Yim NH, Ma JY. Anti-inflammatory effects of Forsythia suspensa in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 206:73-77. [PMID: 28502906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Forsythia suspensa Fructus (FS) is used to treat various inflammatory disorders in traditional Oriental medicine, including gastrointestinal diseases, but its therapeutic potential in ulcerative colitis is unclear. Thus, we investigated any potential therapeutic effects of FS against intestinal inflammation and the bioactive constituents in FS. MATERIALS AND METHODS After the induction of colitis using 3% dextran sulfate sodium, FS (100mg/kg/day) was administered orally during the experimental period. We evaluated body weight, bloody diarrhea, colon length, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Subsequently, the bioactive constituents of FS were identified using UPLC/MS/MS. RESULTS FS significantly decreased the body weight loss, colon length shortening, and tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 elevations induced by colitis compared with the negative control (P < 0.05). Moreover, FS improved the colitis-induced histopathological damage to the colon, including epithelial necrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, ulceration, and submucosal edema. In phytochemical analyses, 7 flavonoids, 9 lignans, 13 phenolics, and 2 triterpenes were identified by comparison with the retention times and mass fragmentations of authentic standards. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated beneficial effects of FS and its constituents, suggesting their potential for treatment of intestinal inflammation. These data could provide useful information for managing ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Hwan Hwang
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, South Korea.
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, South Korea.
| | - Wei Li
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, South Korea.
| | - Hye Jin Yang
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, South Korea.
| | - Nam-Hui Yim
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, South Korea.
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, South Korea.
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Kim DG, Lee MR, Yoo JM, Park KI, Ma JY. Fermented herbal formula KIOM-MA-128 protects against acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate in mice. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17:354. [PMID: 28679372 PMCID: PMC5499052 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colitis is a well-known subtype of inflammatory bowel disease and is caused by diverse factors. Previous research has shown that KIOM-MA elicits anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects on various diseases. KIOM-MA-128, our novel herbal formula, was generated from KIOM-MA using probiotics to improve the therapeutic efficacy. We investigated whether KIOM-MA-128 has protective activity in a mouse model of acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). METHODS Colitis was induced by DSS administered to ICR mice in drinking water. KIOM-MA-128 (125 or 250 mg/kg) was orally administered once per day. The body weights of the mice were measured daily, and colonic endoscopies were performed at 5 and 8 days. Colon length as well as histological and cytokine changes were observed at the end of drug administration. RESULTS KIOM-MA-128 has pharmacological activity in an acute colitis model. KIOM-MA-128 reduced the loss of body weight and disease activity index (DAI) and inhibited the abnormally short colon lengths and the colonic damage in this mouse model of acute colitis. Moreover, KIOM-MA-128 suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and maintained the integrity of the tight junctions during DSS-induced colitis. CONCLUSION The results indicated that KIOM-MA-128 protects against DSS-induced colitis in mice and suggested that this formula might be a candidate treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gun Kim
- Korea Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ra Lee
- Korea Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Myung Yoo
- Korea Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- Korea Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yeul Ma
- Korea Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062 Republic of Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that the use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) reduces elevated pain by controlling the release of neurochemicals during orthodontic tooth movement. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Okayama University. Sixty-five Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to tooth movement and LLLT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study. Groups included day 0 controls, irradiation only controls and with or without irradiation sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days after tooth movement (n=5 each, total n=65). Tooth movement was achieved by insertion of an elastic module between molar teeth. Immunohistochemistry for CD-11b, GFAP and c-fos in the brain stem was performed. Stains were quantified by constructing a three-dimensional image using IMARIS, and counted using NEURON TRACER and WinROOF software. Two-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey's post hoc test (P<.05) was used for statistical comparison between groups. RESULTS C-fos expression was significantly increased at one and three days after tooth movement. LLLT significantly diminished this increase in c-fos expression only at one day after tooth movement CD-b11 and GFAP expression also significantly increased after tooth movement. No significant change was observed for CD-11b and GFAP expression in the central nervous system upon LLLT. CONCLUSION Low-level laser therapy may reduce early neurochemical markers but have no effect on delayed pain neurochemical markers after tooth movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Deguchi
- Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - D G Kim
- Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - H Kamioka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Chang HK, Kim SY, Kim JI, Kim SI, Whang JK, Choi JY, Park JM, Jung ES, Rha SE, Kim DG, Moon IS, Lee MD. Ten-Year Experience With Bowel Transplantation at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:473-8. [PMID: 27109981 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective review of intestinal transplantation (ITx) at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital was made by collecting clinical data over the past 10 years. Fifteen consecutive cases from 2004 were analyzed. Five children and 10 adults (6 months to 69 years of age) were included. Primary diseases in adults included 4 mesenteric vessel thromboses, 2 strangulations, and 1 each of visceral myopathy, malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), mesenteric lymphangiectasis, and injury. Pediatric cases involved 2 Hirschsprung disease, 2 visceral myopathy, and 1 necrotizing enterocolitis. Three of 7 stomas were closed using a serial transverse enteroplasty procedure before transplantation. The ITx were performed using 3 living-donor Itx, 12 deceased-donor ITx, 14 isolated Itx, and 1 modified multivisceral transplantation. Daclizumab, basiliximab, alemtusumab, or basiliximab with rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) was used for the induction; tacrolimus monotherapy was used as the basic maintenance immunosuppressant; and m-TOR inhibitor was used for renal dysfunction patients. Seven cases of acute cellular rejection were treated with rATG. Three cases of antibody-mediated rejection were treated with rituximab alone or with rituximab and bortezomib combination. There were 4 cases of early mortality within 6 months after Itx. Causes of death were declamping shock, cardiac tamponade with acute cellular rejection, dysmotility, and sepsis. Surgical complications consisted of 1 feeding jejunostomy displacement, and a minor leakage at a colo-colostomy site. One-year survival of the patient and graft was 73.33% (Kaplan-Meier survival curve). Although the total number of ITx is small, its social impact has been remarkable in changing the related laws and reimbursement policy in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Chang
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J I Kim
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S I Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Whang
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, Daejeon, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J M Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - E S Jung
- Department of Pathology, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S E Rha
- Department of Radiology, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - D G Kim
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - I S Moon
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - M D Lee
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim DG, Jo SR, Park YS, Hyun SJ, Kim KJ, Jahng TA, Kim HJ, Park KS. Multi-channel motor evoked potential monitoring during anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Clin Neurophysiol Pract 2017; 2:48-53. [PMID: 30214970 PMCID: PMC6123893 DOI: 10.1016/j.cnp.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery is the most common surgical procedure for the cervical spine with low complication rate. Despite the potential prognostic benefit, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM), a method for detecting impending neurological compromise, is not routinely used in ACDF surgery. The present study aimed to identify the potential benefits of monitoring multi-channel motor evoked potentials (MEPs) during ACDF surgery. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 200 consecutive patients who received IONM with multi-channel MEPs and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs). On average, 9.2 muscles per patient were evaluated under MEP monitoring. Results The rate of MEP change during surgery in the multi-level ACDF group was significantly higher than the single-level group. Two patients from the single-level ACDF group (1.7%) and four patients from the multi-level ACDF group (4.9%) experienced post-operative motor deficits. Multi-channel MEPs monitoring during single and multi-level ACDF surgery demonstrated higher sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value than SSEP monitoring. Conclusions Multi-channel MEP monitoring might be beneficial for the detection of segmental injury as well as long tract injury during single- and multi-level ACDF surgery. Significance This is first large scale study to identify the usefulness of multi-channel MEPs in monitoring ACDF surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Myung Diagnostic Radiology Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Rae Jo
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seop Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine Center, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Hyun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jeong Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ahn Jahng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jib Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Seok Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Son YR, Kim NH, Kim DG, Park KS. Is thyrotoxic periodic paralysis a disease caused by muscle membrane dysfunction? Muscle Nerve 2016; 56:780-786. [PMID: 28006864 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is characterized by recurrent episodes of reversible paralysis with hyperthyroidism. It is clinically similar to hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HOPP), which features significant ion-channel dysfunction and reduced muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV). However, the muscle membrane function in TPP is not known. METHODS For 13 patients with TPP and 15 age-matched controls, clinical assessment and serial neurophysiological testing, including nerve conduction, prolonged exercise (PE) testing, and MFCV. were performed. RESULTS MFCV values were elevated up to 1 year from the paralytic attack in TPP patients. In the group with a positive PE test, MFCV values were higher. There was no significant relationship between MFCV values and either hypokalemia or hyperthyroidism. CONCLUSIONS Although clinical manifestations in TPP are similar to those observed in HOPP, TPP appears to feature an alternate pathogenic mechanism. Specifically, MFCV values increased rather than decreased. Further studies are needed to support these findings. Muscle Nerve, 2016 Muscle Nerve 56: 780-786, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Ri Son
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 166 Gumi-Ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Geonggi-Do, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hee Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 166 Gumi-Ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Geonggi-Do, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Seok Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 166 Gumi-Ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Geonggi-Do, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hwang YH, Yang HJ, Kim DG, Ma JY. Inhibitory Effects of Multiple-Dose Treatment with Baicalein on the Pharmacokinetics of Ciprofloxacin in Rats. Phytother Res 2016; 31:69-74. [PMID: 27671796 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin is used as a treatment for urinary and respiratory tract infections in clinical practice. Baicalein, a major flavonoid present in Scutellaria baicalensis, is a well-known and potent antibacterial compound used in complementary and alternative medicine practices. The present study aimed to clarify the effects of multiple-dose treatment with baicalein on the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in rats. Following the oral administration of baicalein (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg) for five consecutive days, the rats received an oral administration of ciprofloxacin (20 mg/kg). Blood samples were collected at specific time points, and the plasma concentrations of ciprofloxacin were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography. To evaluate the mechanisms underlying the interaction between baicalein and ciprofloxacin, a rhodamine 123 accumulation assay was performed in LS-180 cells. A pharmacokinetic study revealed that multiple-dose treatment with baicalein significantly decreased the peak serum concentration (Cmax ), area under the curve (AUC0 → 480 min ), and relative bioavailability (Frel ) of ciprofloxacin (p < 0.05). The rhodamine 123 accumulation assay revealed that treatment with baicalein for 48 h markedly reduced the intracellular accumulation of rhodamine 123. Taken together, these findings suggest that baicalein may result in the therapeutic failure of ciprofloxacin or other quinolone-based antibiotics used for chemotherapy in clinical practice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Hwan Hwang
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yang
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
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Kim DG, Hong YH, Shin JY, Park KH, Sohn SY, Lee KW, Park KS, Sung JJ. Split-hand phenomenon in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A motor unit number index study. Muscle Nerve 2016; 53:885-8. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.24958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Neurology; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-ho Hong
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Je-young Shin
- Department of Neurology; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Hong Park
- Department of Neurology; Gyeongsang National University Hospital; Jinju Korea
| | - Sung-Yeon Sohn
- Department of Neurology; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Woo Lee
- Department of Neurology; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Seok Park
- Department of Neurology; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Joon Sung
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Republic of Korea
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Kim DG, Hong YH, Shin JY, Lee KW, Park KS, Seong SY, Sung JJ. Pattern of Respiratory Deterioration in Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis According to Onset Lesion by Using Respiratory Function Tests. Exp Neurobiol 2015; 24:351-7. [PMID: 26713082 PMCID: PMC4688334 DOI: 10.5607/en.2015.24.4.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients show focal onset of upper and lower motor neuron signs and spread of symptoms to other regions or the other side clinically. Progression patterns of sporadic ALS are unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern of respiratory deterioration in sporadic ALS according to the onset site by using respiratory function tests. Study participants included 63 (42 cervical-onset [C-ALS] and 21 lumbosacral-onset [L-ALS]) ALS patients and 31 healthy controls. We compared respiratory function test parameters among the 3 groups. Age was 57.4±9.6 (mean±SD), 60.8±9, and 60.5±7 years, and there were 28, 15, and 20 male participants, in the C-ALS, L-ALS, and control groups, respectively. Disease duration did not differ between C-ALS and L-ALS patients. Sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) was significantly low in C-ALS patients compared with controls. Maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) and forced vital capacity percent predicted (FVC% predicted) were significantly low in C-ALS and L-ALS patients compared with controls. Maximal inspiratory pressure to maximal expiratory pressure (MIP:MEP) ratio did not differ among the 3 groups. Eighteen C-ALS and 5 L-ALS patients were followed up. ΔMIP, ΔMEP, ΔSNIP, ΔPEF, and ΔFVC% predicted were higher in C-ALS than L-ALS patients without statistical significance. Fourteen C-ALS (77.8%) and 3 L-ALS (60%) patients showed a constant MIP:MEP ratio above or below 1 from the first to the last evaluation. Our results suggest that vulnerability of motor neurons in sporadic ALS might follow a topographic gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Yoon-Ho Hong
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Je-Young Shin
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Kwang-Woo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Kyung Seok Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Seong
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jung-Joon Sung
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Nam J, Perera P, Gordon R, Jeong YH, Blazek AD, Kim DG, Tee BC, Sun Z, Eubank TD, Zhao Y, Lablebecioglu B, Liu S, Litsky A, Weisleder NL, Lee BS, Butterfield T, Schneyer AL, Agarwal S. Follistatin-like 3 is a mediator of exercise-driven bone formation and strengthening. Bone 2015; 78:62-70. [PMID: 25937185 PMCID: PMC4466155 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is vital for maintaining bone strength and architecture. Follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3), a member of follistatin family, is a mechanosensitive protein upregulated in response to exercise and is involved in regulating musculoskeletal health. Here, we investigated the potential role of FSTL3 in exercise-driven bone remodeling. Exercise-dependent regulation of bone structure and functions was compared in mice with global Fstl3 gene deletion (Fstl3-/-) and their age-matched Fstl3+/+ littermates. Mice were exercised by low-intensity treadmill walking. The mechanical properties and mineralization were determined by μCT, three-point bending test and sequential incorporation of calcein and alizarin complexone. ELISA, Western-blot analysis and qRT-PCR were used to analyze the regulation of FSTL3 and associated molecules in the serum specimens and tissues. Daily exercise significantly increased circulating FSTL3 levels in mice, rats and humans. Compared to age-matched littermates, Fstl3-/- mice exhibited significantly lower fracture tolerance, having greater stiffness, but lower strain at fracture and yield energy. Furthermore, increased levels of circulating FSTL3 in young mice paralleled greater strain at fracture compared to the lower levels of FSTL3 in older mice. More significantly, Fstl3-/- mice exhibited loss of mechanosensitivity and irresponsiveness to exercise-dependent bone formation as compared to their Fstl3+/+ littermates. In addition, FSTL3 gene deletion resulted in loss of exercise-dependent sclerostin regulation in osteocytes and osteoblasts, as compared to Fstl3+/+ osteocytes and osteoblasts, in vivo and in vitro. The data identify FSTL3 as a critical mediator of exercise-dependent bone formation and strengthening and point to its potential role in bone health and in musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, USA.
| | - P Perera
- Division of Biosciences, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - R Gordon
- Division of Biosciences, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Y H Jeong
- Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - A D Blazek
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - D G Kim
- Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - B C Tee
- Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Z Sun
- Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - T D Eubank
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - B Lablebecioglu
- Division of Periodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - S Liu
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN 55901, USA
| | - A Litsky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Orthopedics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - N L Weisleder
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - B S Lee
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - T Butterfield
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - A L Schneyer
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - S Agarwal
- Division of Biosciences, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Orthopedics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Park H, Hwang YH, Kim DG, Jeon J, Ma JY. Hepatoprotective Effect of Herb Formula KIOM2012H Against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Integr Med Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2015.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Kim DG, Jung KH, Lee DG, Yoon JH, Choi KS, Kwon SW, Shen HM, Morgan MJ, Hong SS, Kim YS. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 is a novel inhibitor of autophagy and sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to doxorubicin. Oncotarget 2015; 5:4438-51. [PMID: 24970805 PMCID: PMC4147336 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. High mortality from HCC is mainly due to widespread prevalence and the lack of effective treatment, since systemic chemotherapy is ineffective, while the targeted agent Sorafenib extends median survival only briefly. The steroidal saponin 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is proposed to chemosensitize to various therapeutic drugs through an unknown mechanism. Since autophagy often serves as cell survival mechanism in cancer cells exposed to chemotherapeutic agents, we examined the ability of Rg3 to inhibit autophagy and chemosensitize HCC cell lines to doxorubicin in vitro. We show that Rg3 inhibits late stage autophagy, possibly through changes in gene expression. Doxorubicin-induced autophagy plays a protective role in HCC cells, and therefore Rg3 treatment synergizes with doxorubicin to kill HCC cell lines, but the combination is relatively nontoxic in normal liver cells. In addition, Rg3 was well-tolerated in mice and synergized with doxorubicin to inhibit tumor growth in HCC xenografts in vivo. Since novel in vivo inhibitors of autophagy are desirable for clinical use, we propose that Rg3 is such a compound, and that combination therapy with classical chemotherapeutic drugs may represent an effective therapeutic strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon
| | | | - Da-Gyum Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon
| | - Jung-Ho Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon
| | - Kyeong Sook Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J Morgan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - You-Sun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon
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Kim DG, Jeong K, Ko SO. Removal of road deposited sediments by sweeping and its contribution to highway runoff quality in Korea. Environ Technol 2014; 35:2546-55. [PMID: 25145210 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.911777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Highway runoff is known to be an important non-point source (NPS), increasing the load of pollutants in receiving water. For reducing NPS pollutants in runoff, removal of road deposited sediment (RDS) by sweeping is considered effective. However, the contribution of sweeping to the improvement of runoff quality has not been clearly and quantitatively demonstrated so far. In this study, a field test was carried out on a section of operating highway in Korea to investigate the effectiveness of sweeping on improving the quality of highway runoff. Results showed that the average reduction in the load of RDS by sweeping was 61.10% with a standard deviation of 1.74%. RDS removal efficiency decreased when the sweeping speed increased from 4-8 to 20 km h(-1), the load decreased from 12.5 to 1.25 g m(-2) and particle size decreased from sand to silt/clay size ranges. Runoff was induced by applying a 15 mm h(-1) artificial rainfall to both swept and non-swept sections. Analysis of runoff quality showed that the event mean concentrations of total suspended solid, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nutrients and most of the heavy metals were reduced by 31-87% after sweeping. In addition, field tests for RDS build-up indicated a sweeping frequency of once every four or five days to prevent re-suspension of RDS. The results of this study suggest that sweeping can be the best management practice for effectively reducing RDS on highways and improving the quality of highway runoff.
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Kim YJ, Koo GB, Lee JY, Moon HS, Kim DG, Lee DG, Lee JY, Oh JH, Park JM, Kim MS, Woo HG, Kim SI, Kang P, Choi W, Sim TS, Park WY, Lee JG, Kim YS. A microchip filter device incorporating slit arrays and 3-D flow for detection of circulating tumor cells using CAV1-EpCAM conjugated microbeads. Biomaterials 2014; 35:7501-10. [PMID: 24917030 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are rare cells and the presence of these cells may indicate a poor prognosis and a high potential for metastasis. Despite highly promising clinical applications, CTCs have not been investigated thoroughly, due to many technical limitations faced in their isolation and identification. Current CTC detection techniques mostly take the epithelial marker epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), however, accumulating evidence suggests that CTCs show heterogeneous EpCAM expression due to the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we report that a microchip filter device incorporating slit arrays and 3-dimensional flow that can separate heterogeneous population of cells with marker for CTCs. To select target we cultured breast cancer cells under prolonged mammosphere culture conditions which induced EMT phenotype. Under these conditions, cells show upregulation of caveolin1 (CAV1) but down-regulation of EpCAM expression. The proposed device which contains CAV1-EpCAM conjugated bead has several tens of times increased throughput. More importantly, this platform enables the enhanced capture yield from metastatic breast cancer patients and obtained cells that expressed various EMT markers. Further understanding of these EMT-related phenotypes will lead to improved detection techniques and may provide an opportunity to develop therapeutic strategies for effective treatment and prevention of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Jeong Kim
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Seoul 135-710, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | - Gi-Bang Koo
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-749, Korea
| | - June-Young Lee
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Yongin 446-712, Korea
| | - Hui-Sung Moon
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Seoul 135-710, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-749, Korea
| | - Da-Gyum Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-749, Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-749, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Oh
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | - Jong-Myeon Park
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Seoul 135-710, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | - Minseok S Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Yongin 446-712, Korea
| | - Hyun Goo Woo
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-749, Korea
| | - Seung-Il Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Pilsung Kang
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Wonshik Choi
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Tae Seok Sim
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Yongin 446-712, Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 135-710, Korea; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Jeong-Gun Lee
- Advanced Device Team, DMC R&D center, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon 443-742, Korea.
| | - You-Sun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-749, Korea.
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Lee JJ, Kwon H, Lee JH, Kim DG, Jung SH, Ma JY. Fermented soshiho-tang with Lactobacillus plantarum enhances the antiproliferative activity in vascular smooth muscle cell. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:78. [PMID: 24580756 PMCID: PMC3942327 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Soshiho-tang (SST) is a traditional medicine widely used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis. SST has been shown to confer a variety of pharmacological activities, including prevention of hepatotoxicity, promotion of liver regeneration, and modulation of liver fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative activity of native and fermented (FSST) formulations of SST in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and examined the potential underlying mechanisms driving these effects. Methods SST, along with preparations fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum KFRI-144 (S-A144), L. amylophilus KFRI-161 (S-A161) and L. bulgaricus KFRI-344 (S-A344), were investigated to determine their effects on the proliferation and viability of VSMCs, along with the signalling pathways underlying these effects. Results S-A144 exhibited a strong, dose-dependent inhibition of VSMC proliferation relative to untreated controls, but the others did not affect. In addition, S-A144 significantly decreased the phosphorylation of Akt and PLCγ1 in a dose-dependent manner and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase characterised by decreased expression of CDKs, cyclins and PCNA. Conclusions The findings suggest that S-A144 exhibit enhanced inhibition of PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation comparison to S-AOR through the suppression of cell cycle progression and expression of cell cycle-related proteins, along with the downregulation of Akt phosphorylation.
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Kim TJ, Lee HS, Shin JY, Kim DG, Kim SM, Sung JJ, Lee KW. A case of thyrotoxic myopathy with extreme type 2 fiber predominance. Exp Neurobiol 2013; 22:232-4. [PMID: 24167418 PMCID: PMC3807010 DOI: 10.5607/en.2013.22.3.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In hyperthyroidism, many patients had neuromuscular symptoms and clinical weakness correlated with free thyroxine (T4) concentrations. The common clinical symptoms of chronic thyrotoxic myopathy were characterized by progressive weakness in proximal muscles and atrophy. A 55-year old woman was visited our hospital with two years of progressive weakness of both legs. Physical examination showed diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland, muscle atrophy and tachycardia. Motor examination showed proximal weakness in both legs. Serum creatine phosphokinase was normal and electromyography showed a myopathic pattern. Serum thyroxine (T4) was greatly increased and serum thyroid stimulating hormone was very low. Muscle biopsy showed mild atrophic change and type 2 fiber predominance. The patient's symptoms were improved during treatment with methimazole. Herein we report a case of thyrotoxic myopathy with extreme type 2 fiber predominance histologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Choi HJ, You YK, Na GH, Hong TH, Shetty GS, Kim DG. Single-port laparoscopy-assisted donor right hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation: sensible approach or unnecessary hindrance? Transplant Proc 2012; 44:347-52. [PMID: 22410013 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-port laparoscopic (SPL) surgery has rapidly gained attention worldwide. Since May 2008, we have propagated the use of SPL surgery, mainly for cholecystectomy and appendectomy. Recently, we have used this modality of minimally invasive surgery for various liver surgeries. We hereby discuss our outcomes of SPL-assisted donor right hepatectomies. METHODS The preoperative workup is the same as for a standard donor hepatectomy. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 150 patients who underwent donor right hepatectomy from October 2008 to May 2011. We divided them into 3 groups depending on the type of surgical procedure. RESULTS Among 150 patients, 20 underwent laparoscopy-assisted donor right hepatectomy (LADRH); 40 underwent single-port laparoscopy-assisted donor right hepatectomy (SPLADRH); and 90 underwent open donor right hepatectomy (ODRH). The donor demographics were comparable among the groups. Postoperative complication and reoperation rates revealed no significant differences. The SPLADRH group showed the lowest level of postoperative pain, thereby leading to a better quality of life postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS SPLADRH seems to be a simple, feasible approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Choi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary-Pancreas Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Lee J, Cho YD, Heo YK, Kwon Y, Kim DG, Choi BS, Kim SS, Kim YB. Reduction of N-tropic mutant porcine endogenous retrovirus infectivity by human tripartite motif-containing 5-isoform alpha. Transplant Proc 2012; 43:2774-8. [PMID: 21911161 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In cases of retroviral infection, the host cell deploys antiviral proteins as a type of innate immunity. Tripartite motif-containing 5-isoform alpha (TRIM5α) is a potent antiviral protein. TRIM5α has been reported to restrict human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 infection in rhesus monkey cells by targeting the incoming viral capsid at the postentry or preintegration stage of the viral life cycle. As a consequence, virus replication and reverse transcription are interrupted. TRIM5α of human origin has also been shown to inhibit N-tropic murine leukemia virus infection. To investigate the inhibitory effect of TRIM5α on porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) infection in humans, we constructed a 293T cell line stably expressing human TRIM5α (293T-huTRIM5α) and tested the infectivity of vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein envelope pseudotyped viruses (wild-type PERV [wt-PERV], N-tropic mutant PERV, N-tropic murine leukemia virus, and MoMLV). Infectivity of N-tropic mutant PERV was reduced by 43.3% in 293T-huTRIM5α cells, a decrease in efficiency that was more than 3-fold greater than that of wt-PERV in 293T-huTRIM5α cells. Human TRIM5α exhibited inhibitory activity against N-tropic MLV and N-tropic mutant PERV, but showed no antiviral activity against Moloney murine leukemia virus or wt-PERV.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim YJ, Yoon JH, Kim SI, Hong KW, Kim JI, Choi JY, Yoon SK, You YK, Lee MD, Moon IS, Kim DG, Kang MW. High mortality associated with Acinetobacter species infection in liver transplant patients. Transplant Proc 2012; 43:2397-9. [PMID: 21839276 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter species have become increasingly important nosocomial pathogens worldwide and can result in a wide range of infections, including bacteremia, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, peritonitis, among others. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical characteristics, mortality, and outcomes among liver transplant recipients with Acinetobacter species infections. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 451 subjects who had undergone living donor liver transplantations between January 2001 and May 2010. Pandrug-resistant (PDR) Acinetobacter species were defined as resistant to all commercially available antibiotics except colistin. RESULTS Infectious complications due to Acinetobacter species appeared in 26 patients (5.8%) with a total of 37 episodes. Of the species identified, 34 were Acinetobacter baumannii and 3 Acinetobacter Iwoffiii. The presumed sources of infection were the biliary tract (n = 21, 56.8%), lung (n = 7, 18.9%), intra-abdomen (n = 6, 16.2%), catheter (n = 2, 5.4%), and urinary tract (n = 1, 3.6%). Among the 37 Acinetobacter species, 75.7% (28/37) were PDR species. Age, duration of intensive care unit stay, Child-Pugh score, and Model for End-stage Liver Disease score were not significant risk factors for Acinetobacter species infection. However, the overall mortality among patients with Acinetobacter species infections was 50% (13/26), which was significantly higher than that among those free of infection (50% vs 11.5%, P < .05). Multivariate analysis using a Cox regression model showed that inappropriate antimicrobial treatment was a significant independent risk factor for mortality among patients with Acinetobacter species infections (hazard Ratio = 4.19, 95% confidence interval 1.1-18.7; P = .06). CONCLUSION Patients with Acinetobacter species infections after liver transplantation show a significantly worse prognosis. PDR Acinetobacter species have been a major problem in our center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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