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Villarreal-Granda P, Recio-Platero A, Martín-Bayo Y, Durantez-Fernández C, Cárdaba-García RM, Pérez-Pérez L, Madrigal M, Muñoz-del Caz A, Olea E, Bahillo Ruiz E, Jiménez-Navascués L, Velasco-Gonzalez V. Models Used by Nurse Case Managers in Different Autonomous Communities in Spain: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:749. [PMID: 38610172 PMCID: PMC11011987 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12070749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The role of the nurse case manager is unknown to the population. The main objective is to analyze the existing differences within the national territory in order to make known the situation in Spain with a view to the recognition of its functions and the creation of the professional profile in an equal manner. (2) Methods: A scoping review was conducted in order to achieve the main aim. Selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, and the levels of evidence and grades of recommendation of the Joanna Briggs Institute were verified. The search field was limited to the last ten years. (3) Results: Case management models are heterogeneous in different autonomous communities in Spain. Case nurse management is qualified for high-complexity patients, follow up on chronic patients, and coordinate health assistance. (4) Conclusions: It concludes that nursing's role is crucial in the field of case management, being required in the follow-up of chronic patients of high complexity. Despite the proven health benefits, efficacy, and efficiency of case management, there are many heterogeneous models that coexist in Spain. This involves a restriction in the development of a nursing career because of the lack of a definition of its functions and competences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Villarreal-Granda
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.V.-G.); (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.M.-d.C.); (E.O.); (V.V.-G.)
| | - Amada Recio-Platero
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca y Terapias Avanzadas, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Yara Martín-Bayo
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.V.-G.); (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.M.-d.C.); (E.O.); (V.V.-G.)
| | - Carlos Durantez-Fernández
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.V.-G.); (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.M.-d.C.); (E.O.); (V.V.-G.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (E.B.R.); (L.J.-N.)
| | - Rosa M. Cárdaba-García
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.V.-G.); (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.M.-d.C.); (E.O.); (V.V.-G.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (E.B.R.); (L.J.-N.)
| | - Lucía Pérez-Pérez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.V.-G.); (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.M.-d.C.); (E.O.); (V.V.-G.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (E.B.R.); (L.J.-N.)
- Primary Care Management Valladolid West (SACYL), 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Miguel Madrigal
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.V.-G.); (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.M.-d.C.); (E.O.); (V.V.-G.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (E.B.R.); (L.J.-N.)
| | - Alba Muñoz-del Caz
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.V.-G.); (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.M.-d.C.); (E.O.); (V.V.-G.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (E.B.R.); (L.J.-N.)
- University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elena Olea
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.V.-G.); (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.M.-d.C.); (E.O.); (V.V.-G.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid (UVa-CSIC), 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Esther Bahillo Ruiz
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (E.B.R.); (L.J.-N.)
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, 42004 Soria, Spain
| | - Lourdes Jiménez-Navascués
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (E.B.R.); (L.J.-N.)
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, 42004 Soria, Spain
| | - Veronica Velasco-Gonzalez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.V.-G.); (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.M.-d.C.); (E.O.); (V.V.-G.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (E.B.R.); (L.J.-N.)
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Fernandes JL, Martins FO, Olea E, Prieto-Lloret J, Braga PC, Sacramento JF, Sequeira CO, Negrinho AP, Pereira SA, Alves MG, Rocher A, Conde SV. Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Dysmetabolism Is Associated with Hepatic Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1910. [PMID: 38001763 PMCID: PMC10669005 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and metabolic disorders is well-established; however, the underlying mechanisms that elucidate this relationship remain incompletely understood. Since the liver is a major organ in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, we hypothesize that liver dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Herein, we explored the underlying mechanisms of this association within the liver. Experiments were performed in male Wistar rats fed with a control or high fat (HF) diet (60% lipid-rich) for 12 weeks. Half of the groups were exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) (30 hypoxic (5% O2) cycles, 8 h/day) that mimics OSA, in the last 15 days. Insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance were assessed. Liver samples were collected for evaluation of lipid deposition, insulin signaling, glucose homeostasis, hypoxia, oxidative stress, antioxidant defenses, mitochondrial biogenesis and inflammation. Both the CIH and HF diet induced dysmetabolism, a state not aggravated in animals submitted to HF plus CIH. CIH aggravates hepatic lipid deposition in obese animals. Hypoxia-inducible factors levels were altered by these stimuli. CIH decreased the levels of oxidative phosphorylation complexes in both groups and the levels of SOD-1. The HF diet reduced mitochondrial density and hepatic antioxidant capacity. The CIH and HF diet produced alterations in cysteine-related thiols and pro-inflammatory markers. The results obtained suggest that hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, leading to inflammation, may be significant factors contributing to the development of dysmetabolism associated with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana L. Fernandes
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.L.F.); (F.O.M.); (J.F.S.); (C.O.S.); (A.P.N.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Fátima O. Martins
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.L.F.); (F.O.M.); (J.F.S.); (C.O.S.); (A.P.N.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Elena Olea
- Departamento de Enfermeria, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (J.P.-L.); (A.R.)
| | - Jesus Prieto-Lloret
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (J.P.-L.); (A.R.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biologia Molecular y Fisiologia, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Patrícia C. Braga
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.C.B.); (M.G.A.)
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedicine—iBiMED and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana F. Sacramento
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.L.F.); (F.O.M.); (J.F.S.); (C.O.S.); (A.P.N.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Catarina O. Sequeira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.L.F.); (F.O.M.); (J.F.S.); (C.O.S.); (A.P.N.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Ana P. Negrinho
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.L.F.); (F.O.M.); (J.F.S.); (C.O.S.); (A.P.N.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Sofia A. Pereira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.L.F.); (F.O.M.); (J.F.S.); (C.O.S.); (A.P.N.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Marco G. Alves
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.C.B.); (M.G.A.)
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedicine—iBiMED and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Asunción Rocher
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (J.P.-L.); (A.R.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biologia Molecular y Fisiologia, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Silvia V. Conde
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.L.F.); (F.O.M.); (J.F.S.); (C.O.S.); (A.P.N.); (S.A.P.)
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Valverde-Pérez E, Prieto-Lloret J, Gonzalez-Obeso E, Cabero MI, Nieto ML, Pablos MI, Obeso A, Gomez-Niño A, Cárdaba-García RM, Rocher A, Olea E. Effects of Gestational Intermittent Hypoxia on Placental Morphology and Fetal Development in a Murine Model of Sleep Apnea. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1427:73-81. [PMID: 37322337 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32371-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) during pregnancy is characterized by episodes of intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep, resulting in adverse health outcomes for mother and offspring. Despite a prevalence of 8-20% in pregnant women, this disorder is often underdiagnosed.We have developed a murine model of gestational OSA to study IH effects on pregnant mothers, placentas, fetuses, and offspring. One group of pregnant rats was exposed to IH during the last 2 weeks of gestation (GIH). One day before the delivery date, a cesarean section was performed. Other group of pregnant rats was allowed to give birth at term to study offspring's evolution.Preliminary results showed no significant weight differences in mothers and fetuses. However, the weight of GIH male offspring was significantly lower than the controls at 14 days (p < 0.01). The morphological study of the placentas showed an increase in fetal capillary branching, expansion of maternal blood spaces, and number of cells of the external trophectoderm in the tissues from GIH-exposed mothers. Additionally, the placentas from the experimental males were enlarged (p < 0.05). Further studies are needed to follow the long-term evolution of these changes to relate the histological findings of the placentas with functional development of the offspring in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Valverde-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús Prieto-Lloret
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elvira Gonzalez-Obeso
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - María I Cabero
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Maria L Nieto
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marta I Pablos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana Obeso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Angela Gomez-Niño
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética, Histología y Farmacología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Cárdaba-García
- Departamento de Enfermería, Grupo de Investigación en Cuidados Enfermeros (GICE), Facultad de Enfermeria, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Asunción Rocher
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elena Olea
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.
- Departamento de Enfermería, Grupo de Investigación en Cuidados Enfermeros (GICE), Facultad de Enfermeria, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
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Valverde-Pérez E, Olea E, Obeso A, Prieto-Lloret J, Rocher A, Gonzalez-Obeso E. Intermittent Hypoxia and Diet-Induced Obesity on the Intestinal Wall Morphology in a Murine Model of Sleep Apnea. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1427:89-97. [PMID: 37322339 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32371-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This work analyzes the impact of two conditions, intermittent hypoxia exposure and high-fat diet in rats as models of sleep apnea. We studied the autonomic activity and histological structure of the rat jejunum and whether the overlapping of both conditions, as often observed in patients, induces more deleterious effects on the intestinal barrier. We found alterations in jejunum wall histology, predominantly in HF rats, based on increased crypt depth and submucosal thickness, as well as decreased muscularis propria thickness. These alterations were maintained with the IH and HF overlap. An increase in the number and size of goblet cells in the villi and crypts and the infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the lamina propria suggest an inflammatory status, confirmed by the increase in plasma CRP levels in all experimental groups. Regarding the CAs analysis, IH, alone or combined with HF, causes a preferential accumulation of NE in the catecholaminergic nerve fibers of the jejunum. In contrast, serotonin increases in all three experimental conditions, with the highest level in the HF group. It remains to be elucidated whether the alterations found in the present work could affect the permeability of the intestinal barrier, promoting sleep apnea-induced morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Valverde-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elena Olea
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermeria, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana Obeso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús Prieto-Lloret
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Asunción Rocher
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Elvira Gonzalez-Obeso
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), UVa-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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de Dios-Duarte MJ, Arias A, Durantez-Fernández C, Niño Martín V, Olea E, Barba-Pérez MÁ, Pérez-Pérez L, Cárdaba-García RM, Barrón A. Flare-Ups in Crohn's Disease: Influence of Stress and the External Locus of Control. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph192013131. [PMID: 36293710 PMCID: PMC9603201 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this study was to explore the role of perceived stress and the health locus of control in Crohn's disease and their influence upon the development of flare-ups of this disease. (2) Methods: Stress and the external locus of control were evaluated in a sample of 64 Crohn's patients (flare-up phase versus latency phase). The perceived stress scale (PSS-14) and the multidimensional health locus of control scale were the measurement instruments used. (3) Results: The results indicate that the patients have high stress levels during a flare-up (26.13; 27.44; 28.79; 29.67); high stress levels (28.07; 29.67; 27.44; 28.07) if they have a high external locus of control; and that the external locus of control and stress levels have a significant influence upon the existence of flare-ups in those patients with low external locus of control levels (χ2 = 11.127; df = 1: p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Actions aimed at reducing stress and external locus of control levels are necessary in Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José de Dios-Duarte
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Andrés Arias
- Social Work Department, Faculty of Social Work, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Durantez-Fernández
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-983-42-31-09
| | - Virtudes Niño Martín
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Health Service of Castilla y León (SACYL), 47007 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elena Olea
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Barba-Pérez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Health Service of Castilla y León (SACYL), 47007 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Lucía Pérez-Pérez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Health Service of Castilla y León (SACYL), 47007 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Cárdaba-García
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana Barrón
- Social Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
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Nieto-Galván R, Durantez-Fernández C, Madrigal MÁ, Niño-Martín V, Olea E, Barba-Pérez MÁ, Cárdaba-García RM, Frutos M, Pérez-Pérez L. Nurse Intervention: Attitudes and Knowledge About Organ Donation and Transplantation in Adolescents. Transplant Proc 2022; 54:1697-1700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2022.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cárdaba-García RM, Durantez-Fernández C, Pérez LP, Barba-Pérez MÁ, Olea E. What Do We Know Today about Long COVID? Nursing Care for a New Clinical Syndrome. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19148642. [PMID: 35886491 PMCID: PMC9317186 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Persistent COVID, long COVID, long-effects, long-term effects or chronic COVID are all names of a new syndrome caused by a set of multi-organ symptoms that appear after having been infected with SARS-CoV-2 [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Cárdaba-García
- Emergencies Management (SACYL), 40002 Segovia, Spain;
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (L.P.P.); (M.Á.B.-P.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Carlos Durantez-Fernández
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Lucía Pérez Pérez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (L.P.P.); (M.Á.B.-P.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Primary Care Management Valladolid West (SACYL), 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Barba-Pérez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (L.P.P.); (M.Á.B.-P.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elena Olea
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (L.P.P.); (M.Á.B.-P.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Unit of Excellence, Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
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Martínez-Caballero CM, Cárdaba-García RM, Varas-Manovel R, García-Sanz LM, Martínez-Piedra J, Fernández-Carbajo JJ, Pérez-Pérez L, Madrigal-Fernández MA, Barba-Pérez MÁ, Olea E, Durantez-Fernández C, Herrero-Frutos MT. Analyzing the Impact of COVID-19 Trauma on Developing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Emergency Medical Workers in Spain. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18179132. [PMID: 34501726 PMCID: PMC8431006 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic presented the characteristics of a traumatic event that could trigger post-traumatic stress disorder. Emergency Medical Services workers are already a high-risk group due to their professional development. The research project aimed to analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on EMS professionals in terms of their mental health. For this purpose, we present a descriptive crosssectional study with survey methodology. A total of 317 EMS workers (doctors, nurses, and emergency medical technicians) were recruited voluntarily. Psychological distress, post-traumatic stress disorder, and insomnia were assessed. The instruments were the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS-8), and the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS-8). We found that 36% of respondents had psychological distress, 30.9% potentially had PTSD, and 60.9% experienced insomnia. Years of work experience were found to be positively correlated, albeit with low effect, with the PTSD score (r = 0.133). Finally, it can be stated that the COVID-19 pandemic has been a traumatic event for EMS workers. The number of professionals presenting psychological distress, possible PTSD, or insomnia increased dramatically during the early phases of the pandemic. This study highlights the need for mental health disorder prevention programmes for EMS workers in the face of a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M. Martínez-Caballero
- Emergencies Management (SACYL), 40002 Segovia, Spain; (C.M.M.-C.); (R.M.C.-G.); (R.V.-M.); (L.M.G.-S.); (J.J.F.-C.)
| | - Rosa M. Cárdaba-García
- Emergencies Management (SACYL), 40002 Segovia, Spain; (C.M.M.-C.); (R.M.C.-G.); (R.V.-M.); (L.M.G.-S.); (J.J.F.-C.)
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain or (L.P.-P.); or (M.A.M.-F.); (M.Á.B.-P.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rocío Varas-Manovel
- Emergencies Management (SACYL), 40002 Segovia, Spain; (C.M.M.-C.); (R.M.C.-G.); (R.V.-M.); (L.M.G.-S.); (J.J.F.-C.)
| | - Laura M. García-Sanz
- Emergencies Management (SACYL), 40002 Segovia, Spain; (C.M.M.-C.); (R.M.C.-G.); (R.V.-M.); (L.M.G.-S.); (J.J.F.-C.)
| | | | - Juan J. Fernández-Carbajo
- Emergencies Management (SACYL), 40002 Segovia, Spain; (C.M.M.-C.); (R.M.C.-G.); (R.V.-M.); (L.M.G.-S.); (J.J.F.-C.)
| | - Lucía Pérez-Pérez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain or (L.P.-P.); or (M.A.M.-F.); (M.Á.B.-P.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Primary Care Management Valladolid West (SACYL), 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Madrigal-Fernández
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain or (L.P.-P.); or (M.A.M.-F.); (M.Á.B.-P.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - M. Ángeles Barba-Pérez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain or (L.P.-P.); or (M.A.M.-F.); (M.Á.B.-P.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elena Olea
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain or (L.P.-P.); or (M.A.M.-F.); (M.Á.B.-P.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - M. Teresa Herrero-Frutos
- Emergencies Management (SACYL), 40002 Segovia, Spain; (C.M.M.-C.); (R.M.C.-G.); (R.V.-M.); (L.M.G.-S.); (J.J.F.-C.)
- Correspondence: or
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9
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Cárdaba-García RM, Pérez Pérez L, Niño Martín V, Cárdaba-García I, Durantez-Fernández C, Olea E. Evaluation of the Risk of Anxiety and/or Depression during Confinement Due to COVID-19 in Central Spain. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18115732. [PMID: 34071791 PMCID: PMC8199479 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The confinement of the population in response to the COVID-19 pandemic was related to an increased risk of suffering from anxiety and/or depression in previous studies with other populations. (2) Methods: descriptive study using surveys (Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale) with 808 participants over 18 years of age between 14 and 20 of May 2020 during the confinement due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus in Spain. (3) Results: 63% of the participants were at risk of suffering from anxiety and 64.9% were at risk of depression. Variables reaching statistical significance were: age (t anxiety = -0.139 and t depression = -0.153), gender (t anxiety = -4.152 and t depression = -4.178), marital status (anxiety F = 2.893 and depression F = 3.011), symptoms compatible with COVID-19 (t anxiety = -4.177 and t depression = -3.791), previous need for psychological help (t anxiety = -5.385 and t depression = -7.136) and need for such help at the time of the study (t anxiety = -9.144 and depression = -10.995). In addition, we generated two regression models that estimate the risk of anxiety and depression. (4) Conclusions: more than half of the participants were at risk of suffering from anxiety and/or depression, confirming the negative effect of confinement on the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Cárdaba-García
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.P.); (V.N.M.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Emergencies Management (SACYL), 40002 Segovia, Spain
| | - Lucia Pérez Pérez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.P.); (V.N.M.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Primary Care Management Valladolid West (SACYL), 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Virtudes Niño Martín
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.P.); (V.N.M.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Primary Care Management Valladolid East (SACYL), 47010 Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Durantez-Fernández
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-925-72-1010 (ext. 5678)
| | - Elena Olea
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (R.M.C.-G.); (L.P.P.); (V.N.M.); (E.O.)
- Nursing Care Research (GICE), Faculty of Nursing, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
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Sacramento JF, Martins FO, Rodrigues T, Matafome P, Ribeiro MJ, Olea E, Conde SV. A 2 Adenosine Receptors Mediate Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity in a Prediabetes Animal Model: Primary Effects on Skeletal Muscle. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:262. [PMID: 32411098 PMCID: PMC7198774 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies showed that chronic caffeine intake decreased the risk of type 2 diabetes. Previously, we described that chronic caffeine intake prevents and reverses insulin resistance induced by hypercaloric diets and aging, in rats. Caffeine has several cellular mechanisms of action, being the antagonism of adenosine receptors the only attained with human coffee consumption. Here, we investigated the subtypes of adenosine receptors involved on the effects of chronic caffeine intake on insulin sensitivity and the mechanisms and sex differences behind this effect. Experiments were performed in male and female Wistar rats fed either a chow or high-sucrose (HSu) diet (35% of sucrose in drinking water) during 28 days, to induce insulin resistance. In the last 15 days of diet the animals were submitted to DPCPX (A1 antagonist, 0.4 mg/kg), SCH58261 (A2A antagonist, 0.5 mg/kg), or MRS1754 (A2B antagonist, 9.5 μg/kg) administration. Insulin sensitivity, fasting glycaemia, blood pressure, catecholamines, and fat depots were assessed. Expression of A1, A2A, A2B adenosine receptors and protein involved in insulin signaling pathways were evaluated in the liver, skeletal muscle, and visceral adipose tissue. UCP1 expression was measured in adipose tissue. Paradoxically, SCH58261 and MRS1754 decreased insulin sensitivity in control animals, whereas they both improved insulin response in HSu diet animals. DPCPX did not alter significantly insulin sensitivity in control or HSu animals, but reversed the increase in total and visceral fat induced by the HSu diet. In skeletal muscle, A1, A2A, and A2B adenosine receptor expression were increased in HSu group, an effect that was restored by SCH58261 and MRS1754. In the liver, A1, A2A expression was increased in HSu group, while A2B expression was decreased, being this last effect reversed by administration of MRS1754. In adipose tissue, A1 and A2A block upregulated the expression of these receptors. A2 adenosine antagonists restored impaired insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle of HSu rats, but did not affect liver or adipose insulin signaling. Our results show that adenosine receptors exert opposite effects on insulin sensitivity, in control and insulin resistant states and strongly suggest that A2 adenosine receptors in the skeletal muscle are the majors responsible for whole-body insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana F. Sacramento
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fátima O. Martins
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology and Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Investigation of Coimbra (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology and Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Investigation of Coimbra (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Departmento de Ciências Complementares, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Ribeiro
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elena Olea
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, CSIC, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Silvia V. Conde
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Silvia V. Conde
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11
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Sacramento JF, Olea E, Ribeiro MJ, Prieto-Lloret J, Melo BF, Gonzalez C, Martins FO, Monteiro EC, Conde SV. Contribution of adenosine and ATP to the carotid body chemosensory activity in ageing. J Physiol 2019; 597:4991-5008. [PMID: 31426127 DOI: 10.1113/jp274179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Adenosine and ATP are excitatory neurotransmitters involved in the carotid body (CB) response to hypoxia. During ageing the CB exhibits a decline in its functionality, demonstrated by decreased hypoxic responses. In aged rats (20-24 months old) there is a decrease in: basal and hypoxic release of adenosine and ATP from the CB; expression of adenosine and ATP receptors in the petrosal ganglion; carotid sinus nerve (CSN) activity in response to hypoxia; and ventilatory responses to ischaemic hypoxia. There is also an increase in SNAP25, ENT1 and CD73 expression. It is concluded that, although CSN activity and ventilatory responses to hypoxia decrease with age, adjustments in purinergic metabolism in the CB in aged animals are present aiming to maintain the contribution of adenosine and ATP. The possible significance of the findings in the context of ageing and in CB-associated pathologies is considered. ABSTRACT During ageing the carotid body (CB) exhibits a decline in its functionality. Here we investigated the effect of ageing on functional CB characteristics as well as the contribution of adenosine and ATP to CB chemosensory activity. Experiments were performed in 3-month-old and 20- to 24-month-old male Wistar rats. Ageing decreased: the number of tyrosine hydroxylase immune-positive cells, but not type II cells or nestin-positive cells in the CB; the expression of P2X2 and A2A receptors in the petrosal ganglion; and the basal and hypoxic release of adenosine and ATP from the CB. Ageing increased ecto-nucleotidase (CD73) immune-positive cells and the expression of synaptosome associated protein 25 (SNAP25) and equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) in the CB. Additionally, ageing did not modify basal carotid sinus nerve (CSN) activity or the activity in response to hypercapnia, but decreased CSN activity in hypoxia. The contribution of adenosine and ATP to stimuli-evoked CSN chemosensory activity in aged animals followed the same pattern of 3-month-old animals. Bilateral common carotid occlusions during 5, 10 and 15 s increased ventilation proportionally to the duration of ischaemia, an effect decreased by ageing. ATP contributed around 50% to ischaemic-ventilatory responses in young and aged rats; the contribution of adenosine was dependent on the intensity of ischaemia, being maximal in ischaemias of 5 s (50%) and much smaller in 15 s ischaemias. Our results demonstrate that both ATP and adenosine contribute to CB chemosensory activity in ageing. Though CB responses to hypoxia, but not to hypercapnia, decrease with age, the relative contribution of both ATP and adenosine for CB activity is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana F Sacramento
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elena Olea
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Maria J Ribeiro
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jesus Prieto-Lloret
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Bernardete F Melo
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Constancio Gonzalez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Fatima O Martins
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emilia C Monteiro
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Silvia V Conde
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
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12
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Docio I, Olea E, Prieto-LLoret J, Gallego-Martin T, Obeso A, Gomez-Niño A, Rocher A. Guinea Pig as a Model to Study the Carotid Body Mediated Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Effects. Front Physiol 2018; 9:694. [PMID: 29922183 PMCID: PMC5996279 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical and experimental evidence indicates a positive correlation between chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), increased carotid body (CB) chemosensitivity, enhanced sympatho-respiratory coupling and arterial hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Several groups have reported that both the afferent and efferent arms of the CB chemo-reflex are enhanced in CIH animal models through the oscillatory CB activation by recurrent hypoxia/reoxygenation episodes. Accordingly, CB ablation or denervation results in the reduction of these effects. To date, no studies have determined the effects of CIH treatment in chemo-reflex sensitization in guinea pig, a rodent with a hypofunctional CB and lacking ventilatory responses to hypoxia. We hypothesized that the lack of CB hypoxia response in guinea pig would suppress chemo-reflex sensitization and thereby would attenuate or eliminate respiratory, sympathetic and cardiovascular effects of CIH treatment. The main purpose of this study was to assess if guinea pig CB undergoes overactivation by CIH and to correlate CIH effects on CB chemoreceptors with cardiovascular and respiratory responses to hypoxia. We measured CB secretory activity, ventilatory parameters, systemic arterial pressure and sympathetic activity, basal and in response to acute hypoxia in two groups of animals: control and 30 days CIH exposed male guinea pigs. Our results indicated that CIH guinea pig CB lacks activity elicited by acute hypoxia measured as catecholamine (CA) secretory response or intracellular calcium transients. Plethysmography data showed that only severe hypoxia (7% O2) and hypercapnia (5% CO2) induced a significant increased ventilatory response in CIH animals, together with higher oxygen consumption. Therefore, CIH exposure blunted hyperventilation to hypoxia and hypercapnia normalized to oxygen consumption. Increase in plasma CA and superior cervical ganglion CA content was found, implying a CIH induced sympathetic hyperactivity. CIH promoted cardiovascular adjustments by increasing heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure without cardiac ventricle hypertrophy. In conclusion, CIH does not sensitize CB chemoreceptor response to hypoxia but promotes cardiovascular adjustments probably not mediated by the CB. Guinea pigs could represent an interesting model to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie the long-term effects of CIH exposure to provide evidence for the role of the CB mediating pathological effects in sleep apnea diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Docio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Olea
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesus Prieto-LLoret
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Gallego-Martin
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Obeso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela Gomez-Niño
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Histología y Farmacología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Asuncion Rocher
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Ribeiro MJ, Sacramento JF, Gallego-Martin T, Olea E, Melo BF, Guarino MP, Yubero S, Obeso A, Conde SV. High fat diet blunts the effects of leptin on ventilation and on carotid body activity. J Physiol 2018; 596:3187-3199. [PMID: 29271068 DOI: 10.1113/jp275362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Leptin plays a role in the control of breathing, acting mainly on central nervous system; however, leptin receptors have been recently shown to be expressed in the carotid body (CB), and this finding suggests a physiological role for leptin in the regulation of CB function. Leptin increases minute ventilation in both basal and hypoxic conditions in rats. It increases the frequency of carotid sinus nerve discharge in basal conditions, as well as the release of adenosine from the CB. However, in a metabolic syndrome animal model, the effects of leptin in ventilatory control, carotid sinus nerve activity and adenosine release by the CB are blunted. Although leptin may be involved in triggering CB overactivation in initial stages of obesity and dysmetabolism, resistance to leptin signalling and blunting of responses develops in metabolic syndrome animal models. ABSTRACT Leptin plays a role in the control of breathing, acting mainly on central nervous system structures. Leptin receptors are expressed in the carotid body (CB) and this finding has been associated with a putative physiological role of leptin in the regulation of CB function. Since, the CBs are implicated in energy metabolism, here we tested the effects of different concentrations of leptin administration on ventilatory parameters and on carotid sinus nerve (CSN) activity in control and high-fat (HF) diet fed rats, in order to clarify the role of leptin in ventilation control in metabolic disease states. We also investigated the expression of leptin receptors and the neurotransmitters involved in leptin signalling in the CBs. We found that in non-disease conditions, leptin increases minute ventilation in both basal and hypoxic conditions. However, in the HF model, the effect of leptin in ventilatory control is blunted. We also observed that HF rats display an increased frequency of CSN discharge in basal conditions that is not altered by leptin, in contrast to what is observed in control animals. Leptin did not modify intracellular Ca2+ in CB chemoreceptor cells, but it produced an increase in the release of adenosine from the whole CB. We conclude that CBs represent an important target for leptin signalling, not only to coordinate peripheral ventilatory chemoreflexive drive, but probably also to modulate metabolic variables. We also concluded that leptin signalling is mediated by adenosine release and that HF diets blunt leptin responses in the CB, compromising ventilatory adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Ribeiro
- CEDOC, Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana F Sacramento
- CEDOC, Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Gallego-Martin
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elena Olea
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Bernardete F Melo
- CEDOC, Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria P Guarino
- CEDOC, Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Sara Yubero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana Obeso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Silvia V Conde
- CEDOC, Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Gonzalez-Obeso E, Docio I, Olea E, Cogolludo A, Obeso A, Rocher A, Gomez-Niño A. Guinea Pig Oxygen-Sensing and Carotid Body Functional Properties. Front Physiol 2017; 8:285. [PMID: 28533756 PMCID: PMC5420588 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammals have developed different mechanisms to maintain oxygen supply to cells in response to hypoxia. One of those mechanisms, the carotid body (CB) chemoreceptors, is able to detect physiological hypoxia and generate homeostatic reflex responses, mainly ventilatory and cardiovascular. It has been reported that guinea pigs, originally from the Andes, have a reduced ventilatory response to hypoxia compared to other mammals, implying that CB are not completely functional, which has been related to genetically/epigenetically determined poor hypoxia-driven CB reflex. This study was performed to check the guinea pig CB response to hypoxia compared to the well-known rat hypoxic response. These experiments have explored ventilatory parameters breathing different gases mixtures, cardiovascular responses to acute hypoxia, in vitro CB response to hypoxia and other stimuli and isolated guinea pig chemoreceptor cells properties. Our findings show that guinea pigs are hypotensive and have lower arterial pO2 than rats, probably related to a low sympathetic tone and high hemoglobin affinity. Those characteristics could represent a higher tolerance to hypoxic environment than other rodents. We also find that although CB are hypo-functional not showing chronic hypoxia sensitization, a small percentage of isolated carotid body chemoreceptor cells contain tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme and voltage-dependent K+ currents and therefore can be depolarized. However hypoxia does not modify intracellular Ca2+ levels or catecholamine secretion. Guinea pigs are able to hyperventilate only in response to intense acute hypoxic stimulus, but hypercapnic response is similar to rats. Whether other brain areas are also activated by hypoxia in guinea pigs remains to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Gonzalez-Obeso
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico Universitario de ValladolidValladolid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Docio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, IBGM, CSICValladolid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCiiiSpain
| | - Elena Olea
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCiiiSpain.,Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Valladolid, IBGM, CSICValladolid, Spain
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCiiiSpain.,Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense de MadridMadrid, Spain
| | - Ana Obeso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, IBGM, CSICValladolid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCiiiSpain
| | - Asuncion Rocher
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, IBGM, CSICValladolid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCiiiSpain
| | - Angela Gomez-Niño
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCiiiSpain.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Histología y Farmacología, Universidad de Valladolid, IBGM, CSICValladolid, Spain
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15
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Sacramento JF, Ribeiro MJ, Rodrigues T, Olea E, Melo BF, Guarino MP, Fonseca-Pinto R, Ferreira CR, Coelho J, Obeso A, Seiça R, Matafome P, Conde SV. Functional abolition of carotid body activity restores insulin action and glucose homeostasis in rats: key roles for visceral adipose tissue and the liver. Diabetologia 2017; 60:158-168. [PMID: 27744526 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We recently described that carotid body (CB) over-activation is involved in the aetiology of insulin resistance and arterial hypertension in animal models of the metabolic syndrome. Additionally, we have demonstrated that CB activity is increased in animal models of insulin resistance, and that carotid sinus nerve (CSN) resection prevents the development of insulin resistance and arterial hypertension induced by high-energy diets. Here, we tested whether the functional abolition of CB by CSN transection would reverse pre-established insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, obesity, autonomic dysfunction and hypertension in animal models of the metabolic syndrome. The effect of CSN resection on insulin signalling pathways and tissue-specific glucose uptake was evaluated in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver. METHODS Experiments were performed in male Wistar rats submitted to two high-energy diets: a high-fat diet, representing a model of insulin resistance, hypertension and obesity, and a high-sucrose diet, representing a lean model of insulin resistance and hypertension. Half of each group was submitted to chronic bilateral resection of the CSN. Age-matched control rats were also used. RESULTS CSN resection normalised systemic sympathetic nervous system activity and reversed weight gain induced by high-energy diets. It also normalised plasma glucose and insulin levels, insulin sensitivity lipid profile, arterial pressure and endothelial function by improving glucose uptake by the liver and perienteric adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We concluded that functional abolition of CB activity restores insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis by positively affecting insulin signalling pathways in visceral adipose tissue and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana F Sacramento
- Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, 6-6a, Edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria J Ribeiro
- Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, 6-6a, Edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Fisiologia, Instituto Biomédico de Investigação de Luz e Imagem (IBILI), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elena Olea
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Valladolid, España
| | - Bernardete F Melo
- Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, 6-6a, Edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria P Guarino
- Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, 6-6a, Edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisboa, Portugal
- Unidade de Investigação em Saúde (UIS), Escola Superior de Saúde de Leiria, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Rui Fonseca-Pinto
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Cristiana R Ferreira
- Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, 6-6a, Edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Coelho
- Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, 6-6a, Edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Obeso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Valladolid, España
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Laboratório de Fisiologia, Instituto Biomédico de Investigação de Luz e Imagem (IBILI), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Laboratório de Fisiologia, Instituto Biomédico de Investigação de Luz e Imagem (IBILI), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde (ESTeSC), Departmento de Ciências Complementares, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sílvia V Conde
- Centro Estudos Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, 6-6a, Edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisboa, Portugal.
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16
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Quintero M, Olea E, Conde SV, Obeso A, Gallego-Martin T, Gonzalez C, Monserrat JM, Gómez-Niño A, Yubero S, Agapito T. Age protects from harmful effects produced by chronic intermittent hypoxia. J Physiol 2016; 594:1773-90. [PMID: 26752660 DOI: 10.1113/jp270878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) affects an estimated 3–7% of the adult population, the frequency doubling at ages >60–65 years. As it evolves, OSA becomes frequently associated with cardiovascular, metabolic and neuropsychiatric pathologies defining OSA syndrome (OSAS). Exposing experimental animals to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) can be used as a model of the recurrent hypoxic and O2 desaturation patterns observed in OSA patients. CIH is an important OSA event triggering associated pathologies; CIH induces carotid body (CB)-driven exaggerated sympathetic tone and overproduction of reactive oxygen species, related to the pathogenic mechanisms of associated pathologies observed in OSAS. Aiming to discover why OSAS is clinically less conspicuous in aged patients, the present study compares CIH effects in young (3–4 months) and aged (22–24 months) rats. To define potential distinctive patterns of these pathogenic mechanisms, mean arterial blood pressure as the final CIH outcome was measured. In young rats, CIH augmented CB sensory responses to hypoxia, decreased hypoxic ventilation and augmented sympathetic activity (plasma catecholamine levels and renal artery content and synthesis rate). An increased brainstem integration of CB sensory input as a trigger of sympathetic activity is suggested. CIH also caused an oxidative status decreasing aconitase/fumarase ratio and superoxide dismutase activity. In aged animals, CIH minimally affected CB responses, ventilation and sympathetic-related parameters leaving redox status unaltered. In young animals, CIH caused hypertension and in aged animals, whose baseline blood pressure was augmented, CIH did not augment it further. Plausible mechanisms of the differences and potential significance of these findings for the diagnosis and therapy of OSAS are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Quintero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid and IBGM/CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.,CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Olea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid and IBGM/CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.,CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - S V Conde
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), Nova Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, University of Nova Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Obeso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid and IBGM/CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.,CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - T Gallego-Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid and IBGM/CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.,CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Gonzalez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid and IBGM/CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.,CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Monserrat
- Laboratori de la Son, Pneumologia, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Gómez-Niño
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid and IBGM/CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.,CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Yubero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid and IBGM/CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.,CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - T Agapito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid and IBGM/CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.,CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Gallego-Martin T, Agapito T, Ramirez M, Olea E, Yubero S, Rocher A, Gomez-Niño A, Obeso A, Gonzalez C. Experimental Observations on the Biological Significance of Hydrogen Sulfide in Carotid Body Chemoreception. Adv Exp Med Biol 2016; 860:9-16. [PMID: 26303462 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18440-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The cascade of transduction of hypoxia and hypercapnia, the natural stimuli to chemoreceptor cells, is incompletely understood. A particular gap in that knowledge is the role played by second messengers, or in a most ample term, of modulators. A recently described modulator of chemoreceptor cell responses is the gaseous transmitter hydrogen sulfide, which has been proposed as a specific activator of the hypoxic responses in the carotid body, both at the level of the chemoreceptor cell response or at the level of the global output of the organ. Since sulfide behaves in this regard as cAMP, we explored the possibility that sulfide effects were mediated by the more classical messenger. Data indicate that exogenous and endogenous sulfide inhibits adenyl cyclase finding additionally that inhibition of adenylyl cyclase does not modify chemoreceptor cell responses elicited by sulfide. We have also observed that transient receptor potential cation channels A1 (TRPA1) are not regulated by sulfide in chemoreceptor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gallego-Martin
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Medicine School, University of Valladolid and IBGM/CSIC, Valladolid, Spain,
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18
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Prieto-Lloret J, Ramirez M, Olea E, Moral-Sanz J, Cogolludo A, Castañeda J, Yubero S, Agapito T, Gomez-Niño A, Rocher A, Rigual R, Obeso A, Perez-Vizcaino F, González C. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, carotid body function and erythropoietin production in adult rats perinatally exposed to hyperoxia. J Physiol 2015; 593:2459-77. [PMID: 25833164 DOI: 10.1113/jp270274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Adult animals that have been perinatally exposed to oxygen-rich atmospheres (hyperoxia), recalling those used for oxygen therapy in infants, exhibit a loss of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, whereas vasoconstriction elicited by depolarizing agents is maintained. Loss of pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction is not linked to alterations in oxygen-sensitive K(+) currents in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Loss of hypoxic vasoconstriction is associated with early postnatal oxidative damage and corrected by an antioxidant diet. Perinatal hyperoxia damages carotid body chemoreceptor cell function and the antioxidant diet does not reverse it. The hypoxia-elicited increase in erythropoietin plasma levels is not affected by perinatal hyperoxia. The potential clinical significance of the findings in clinical situations such as pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or general anaesthesia is considered. ABSTRACT Adult mammalians possess three cell systems that are activated by acute bodily hypoxia: pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC), carotid body chemoreceptor cells (CBCC) and erythropoietin (EPO)-producing cells. In rats, chronic perinatal hyperoxia causes permanent carotid body (CB) atrophy and functional alterations of surviving CBCC. There are no studies on PASMC or EPO-producing cells. Our aim is to define possible long-lasting functional changes in PASMC or EPO-producing cells (measured as EPO plasma levels) and, further, to analyse CBCC functional alterations. We used 3- to 4-month-old rats born and reared in a normal atmosphere or exposed to perinatal hyperoxia (55-60% O2 for the last 5-6 days of pregnancy and 4 weeks after birth). Perinatal hyperoxia causes an almost complete loss of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), which was correlated with lung oxidative status in early postnatal life and prevented by antioxidant supplementation in the diet. O2 -sensitivity of K(+) currents in the PASMC of hyperoxic animals is normal, indicating that their inhibition is not sufficient to trigger HPV. Perinatal hyperoxia also abrogated responses elicited by hypoxia on catecholamine and cAMP metabolism in the CB. An increase in EPO plasma levels elicited by hypoxia was identical in hyperoxic and control animals, implying a normal functioning of EPO-producing cells. The loss of HPV observed in adult rats and caused by perinatal hyperoxia, comparable to oxygen therapy in premature infants, might represent a previously unrecognized complication of such a medical intervention capable of aggravating medical conditions such as regional pneumonias, atelectases or general anaesthesia in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Prieto-Lloret
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Maria Ramirez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Elena Olea
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Javier Moral-Sanz
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Facultad de Medicina, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias/Instituto de Salud CIII, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Facultad de Medicina, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias/Instituto de Salud CIII, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier Castañeda
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Sara Yubero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Teresa Agapito
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Angela Gomez-Niño
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Asuncion Rocher
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Ricardo Rigual
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Ana Obeso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Facultad de Medicina, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias/Instituto de Salud CIII, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Constancio González
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología/Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
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Olea E, Agapito MT, Gallego-Martin T, Rocher A, Gomez-Niño A, Obeso A, Gonzalez C, Yubero S. Intermittent hypoxia and diet-induced obesity: effects on oxidative status, sympathetic tone, plasma glucose and insulin levels, and arterial pressure. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 117:706-19. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00454.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) consists of sleep-related repetitive obstructions of upper airways that generate episodes of recurrent or intermittent hypoxia (IH). OSA commonly generates cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies defining the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Literature usually links OSA-associated pathologies to IH episodes that would cause an oxidative status and a carotid body-mediated sympathetic hyperactivity. Because cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies in obese patients and those with OSAS are analogous, we used models (24-wk-old Wistar rats) of IH (applied from weeks 22 to 24) and diet-induced obesity (O; animals fed a high-fat diet from weeks 12 to 24) to define the effect of each individual maneuver and their combination on the oxidative status and sympathetic tone of animals, and to quantify cardiovascular and metabolic parameters and their deviation from normality. We found that IH and O cause an oxidative status (increased lipid peroxides and diminished activities of superoxide dismutases), an inflammatory status (augmented C-reactive protein and nuclear factor kappa-B activation), and sympathetic hyperactivity (augmented plasma and renal artery catecholamine levels and synthesis rate); combined treatments worsened those alterations. IH and O augmented liver lipid content and plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, glycemia, insulin levels, and HOMA index, and caused hypertension; most of these parameters were aggravated when IH and O were combined. IH diminished ventilatory response to hypoxia, and hypercapnia and O created a restrictive ventilatory pattern; a combination of treatments led to restrictive hypoventilation. Data demonstrate that IH and O cause comparable metabolic and cardiovascular pathologies via misregulation of the redox status and sympathetic hyperactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Olea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Valladolid, School of Medicine, Vallodolid, Spain; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Institute of Salud Carlos III, Vallodolid, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Agapito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Valladolid, School of Medicine, Vallodolid, Spain; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Institute of Salud Carlos III, Vallodolid, Spain
| | - Teresa Gallego-Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Valladolid, School of Medicine, Vallodolid, Spain; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Institute of Salud Carlos III, Vallodolid, Spain
| | - Asuncion Rocher
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Valladolid, School of Medicine, Vallodolid, Spain; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Institute of Salud Carlos III, Vallodolid, Spain
| | - Angela Gomez-Niño
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Valladolid, School of Medicine, Vallodolid, Spain; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Institute of Salud Carlos III, Vallodolid, Spain
| | - Ana Obeso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Valladolid, School of Medicine, Vallodolid, Spain; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Institute of Salud Carlos III, Vallodolid, Spain
| | - Constancio Gonzalez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Valladolid, School of Medicine, Vallodolid, Spain; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Institute of Salud Carlos III, Vallodolid, Spain
| | - Sara Yubero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Valladolid, School of Medicine, Vallodolid, Spain; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Institute of Salud Carlos III, Vallodolid, Spain
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20
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Gonzalez C, Conde SV, Gallego-Martín T, Olea E, Gonzalez-Obeso E, Ramirez M, Yubero S, Agapito MT, Gomez-Niñno A, Obeso A, Rigual R, Rocher A. Fernando de Castro and the discovery of the arterial chemoreceptors. Front Neuroanat 2014; 8:25. [PMID: 24860435 PMCID: PMC4026738 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2014.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
When de Castro entered the carotid body (CB) field, the organ was considered to be a small autonomic ganglion, a gland, a glomus or glomerulus, or a paraganglion. In his 1928 paper, de Castro concluded: “In sum, the Glomus caroticum is innervated by centripetal fibers, whose trophic centers are located in the sensory ganglia of the glossopharyngeal, and not by centrifugal [efferent] or secretomotor fibers as is the case for glands; these are precisely the facts which lead to suppose that the Glomus caroticum is a sensory organ.” A few pages down, de Castro wrote: “The Glomus represents an organ with multiple receptors furnished with specialized receptor cells like those of other sensory organs [taste buds?]…As a plausible hypothesis we propose that the Glomus caroticum represents a sensory organ, at present the only one in its kind, dedicated to capture certain qualitative variations in the composition of blood, a function that, possibly by a reflex mechanism would have an effect on the functional activity of other organs… Therefore, the sensory fiber would not be directly stimulated by blood, but via the intermediation of the epithelial cells of the organ, which, as their structure suggests, possess a secretory function which would participate in the stimulation of the centripetal fibers.” In our article we will recreate the experiments that allowed Fernando de Castro to reach this first conclusion. Also, we will scrutinize the natural endowments and the scientific knowledge that drove de Castro to make the triple hypotheses: the CB as chemoreceptor (variations in blood composition), as a secondary sensory receptor which functioning involves a chemical synapse, and as a center, origin of systemic reflexes. After a brief account of the systemic reflex effects resulting from the CB stimulation, we will complete our article with a general view of the cellular-molecular mechanisms currently thought to be involved in the functioning of this arterial chemoreceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constancio Gonzalez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Silvia V Conde
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Teresa Gallego-Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Elena Olea
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Elvira Gonzalez-Obeso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Maria Ramirez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Sara Yubero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Maria T Agapito
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Angela Gomez-Niñno
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Ana Obeso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Ricardo Rigual
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
| | - Asunción Rocher
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España ; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid, España
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Olea E, Fondarella A, Sánchez C, Iriarte I, Almeida MV, Martínez de Salinas A. [Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block at wrist level for the treatment of idiopathic palmar hyperhidrosis with botulinum toxin]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 60:571-5. [PMID: 24210213 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of pain and degree of satisfaction in patients undergoing ultrasound-assisted peripheral regional block for the treatment of idiopathic palmar hyperhidrosis with botulinum toxin. PATIENTS AND METHODS A descriptive, observational study of patients with palmar hyperhidrosis treated with botulinum toxin A, who underwent ultrasound-guided peripheral regional block of the median and ulnar nerves with 3 ml of mepivacaine 1% in each one. The radial nerve block was injected in the anatomical snuffbox. After establishing blocking, the dermatologist performed a mapping and injected around 100 IU of botulinum toxin across the whole palm. The pain experienced during the injection of botulinum toxin was evaluated by verbal numerical scale (from 0 to 10), along with the degree of satisfaction with the anesthetic technique, and the post-anesthetic complications. RESULTS A total of 40 patients were enrolled in the study, 11 men and 29 women with no significant differences. The pain intensity assessed with verbal numerical scale was 1.03 (standard deviation of 1.37). No patients had a value greater than 5. The degree of patient satisfaction with the anesthetic technique was very good for 85% of the patients, and good for 7.5%. There were no complications related to type of anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS The ultrasound-assisted peripheral regional block could be a simple, effective and safe technique for patients undergoing palmar injection of botulinum toxin. Pain intensity was very low, and it provided a very good level of satisfaction in most patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Olea
- Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario de Álava, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, España.
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Olea E, Gaytan SP, Obeso A, Gonzalez C, Pasaro R. Interactions between postnatal sustained hypoxia and intermittent hypoxia in the adulthood to alter brainstem structures and respiratory function. Adv Exp Med Biol 2012; 758:225-31. [PMID: 23080166 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4584-1_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Neural plasticity is defined as a persistent change in the morphology and/or function based on prior experiences. Plasticity is well evident when the triggering experience occurs early in life, but in the case of respiratory control plasticity, it also can be triggered in adult life. We have combined a 10 days postnatal hypoxic (PH) (0-10 days of age;11% O(2)) and a 15 days intermittent hypoxia (IH) exposures in the adulthood (90-105 days of age; 5% O(2), 40 s/20% O(2), 80 s; 8 h/day) to test if early PH interacts with IH of the adulthood to generate detrimental plastic changes. After recording of ventilatory parameters, the brains were studied immunocytochemically for localization of the organization pattern of non-phosphorylated subunit of neurofilament H (NFH) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in the nucleus tractus solitarius (Sol) and caudal (CVL) and rostral ventrolateral reticular (RVL) nuclei, areas related to central cardio-respiratory regulation. In comparison to control, PH male rats (but not females) at 1 month of age hyperventilated at rest, in response to moderate hypoxia (12% O(2)) and 5% CO(2), the effect being due to increased tidal volume. At 3.5 months sex differences in ventilation disappeared and it was indistinguishable between control and PH. IH tended to decrease ventilation in both control (C) and PH animals. PH augmented PENH values in air and in hypoxic conditions when compared with C group. IH in both groups, tended to decrease the PENH value, being statistically different in PH+IH. Results also show an increment of disorganization of NFH-positive labeled structures at the level of Sol and CVL/RVL nuclei in PH, IH and HP+HI groups. PH rats showed differences in the number of TH-positive neurons at the level of CVL/RVL nuclei, which was increased in the PH and PH+IH groups with respect to C one. In conclusion, PH alters the central morpho-physiological organization and the catecholaminergic components of cardio-respiratory nuclei, whose effects were enhanced after a period of IH in the adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Olea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valladolid School of Medicine, Spain
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Olea E, Ferrer E, Prieto-Lloret J, Gonzalez-Martin C, Vega-Agapito V, Gonzalez-Obeso E, Agapito T, Peinado V, Obeso A, Barbera JA, Gonzalez C. Effects of cigarette smoke and chronic hypoxia on ventilation in guinea pigs. Clinical significance. Adv Exp Med Biol 2012; 758:325-32. [PMID: 23080179 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4584-1_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ventilatory effects of chronic cigarette smoke (CS) alone or associated to chronic hypoxia (CH), as frequently occurs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), remain unknown. We have addressed this problem using whole-body plethysmography in guinea-pigs, common models to study harmful effects of CS on the respiratory system. Breathing frequencies (Bf) in control (2-5 months old) guinea pigs is 90-100 breaths/min, their tidal volume (TV) increased with age but lagged behind body weight gain and, as consequence, their minute volume (MV)/Kg decreased with age. MV did not change by acutely breathing 10% O(2) but doubled while breathing 5% CO(2) in air. Exposure to chronic sustained hypoxia (15 days, 12% O(2), CH) did not elicit ventilatory acclimatization nor adaptation. These findings confirm the unresponsiveness of the guinea pig CB to hypoxia. Exposure to CS (3 months) increased Bf and MV but association with CH blunted CS effects. We conclude that CS and CH association accelerates CS-induced respiratory system damage leading to a hypoventilation that can worsen the ongoing COPD process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Olea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, IBGM Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Ramirez M, Gallego-Martin T, Olea E, Rocher A, Obeso A, Gonzalez C. Serotonin Dynamics and Actions in the Rat Carotid Body: Preliminary Findings. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2012; 758:255-63. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4584-1_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Olea E, Ferrer E, Prieto-Lloret J, Gonzalez-Martin C, Vega-Agapito V, Gonzalez-Obeso E, Agapito T, Peinado V, Obeso A, Barbera JA, Gonzalez C. Effects of cigarette smoke and chronic hypoxia on airways remodeling and resistance. Clinical significance. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2011; 179:305-13. [PMID: 22000990 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Previously we have reported that association of cigarette smoke (CS) and chronic hypoxia (CH) interact positively to physiopathologically remodel pulmonary circulation. In present study we have exposed guinea pigs to CS smoke (four cigarettes/day; 3 months; CS) and to chronic hypoxia (12% O(2), 15 days; CH) alone or in combination (CSCH animals) and evaluated airways remodeling and resistance assessed as Penh (enhance pause). We measured Penh while animals breathe air, 10% O(2) and 5% CO(2) and found that CS and CH animals have higher Penh than controls; Penh was even larger in CSCH animals. A rough parallelism between Penh and thickness of bronchiolar wall and muscular layer and Goblet cell number was noticed. We conclude that CS and CH association accelerates CS-induced respiratory system damage, evidenced by augmented airway resistance, bronchial wall thickness and muscularization and Goblet cell number. Our findings would suggest that appearance of hypoxia would aggravate any preexisting pulmonary pathology by increasing airways resistance and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Olea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Ferrer E, Peinado VI, Castañeda J, Prieto-Lloret J, Olea E, González-Martín MC, Vega-Agapito MV, Díez M, Domínguez-Fandos D, Obeso A, González C, Barberà JA. Effects of cigarette smoke and hypoxia on pulmonary circulation in the guinea pig. Eur Respir J 2011; 38:617-27. [PMID: 21310874 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00105110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) and chronic hypoxia (CH) can produce pulmonary hypertension. Similarities and differences between both exposures and their interaction have not been explored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of CS and CH, as single factors or in combination, on the pulmonary circulation in the guinea pig. 51 guinea pigs were exposed to CS for 12 weeks and 32 were sham-exposed. 50% of the animals in each group were additionally exposed to CH for the final 2 weeks. We measured pulmonary artery pressure (P(pa)), and the weight ratio between the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle plus the septum. Pulmonary artery contractility in response to noradrenaline (NA), endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and distensibility were evaluated in organ bath chambers. The number of small intrapulmonary vessels showing immunoreactivity to smooth muscle (SM) α-actin and double elastic laminas was assessed microscopically. CS and CH induced similar increases of P(pa) and RV hypertrophy (p<0.05 for both), effects that were further enhanced when both factors were combined. CH increased the contractility to NA (p<0.01) and reduced the distensibility (p<0.05) of pulmonary arteries. Animals exposed to CS showed an increased number of small vessels with positive immunoreactivity to SM α-actin (p<0.01) and those exposed to CH a greater proportion of vessels with double elastic laminas (p<0.05). We conclude that CH amplifies the detrimental effects of CS on the pulmonary circulation by altering the mechanical properties of pulmonary arteries and enhancing the remodelling of pulmonary arterioles.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ferrer
- Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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Gonzalez-Martín MC, Vega-Agapito MV, Conde SV, Castañeda J, Bustamante R, Olea E, Perez-Vizcaino F, Gonzalez C, Obeso A. Carotid body function and ventilatory responses in intermittent hypoxia. Evidence for anomalous brainstem integration of arterial chemoreceptor input. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:1961-9. [PMID: 21520047 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea is a frequent medical condition consisting in repetitive sleep-related episodes of upper airways obstruction and concurrent events of arterial blood hypoxia. There is a frequent association of cardiovascular diseases and other pathologies to this condition conforming the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Laboratory models of OSAS consist in animals exposed to repetitive episodes of intermittent hypoxia (IH) which also develop cardiovascular pathologies, mostly hypertension. The overall OSAS pathophysiology appears to be linked to the repetitive hypoxia, which would cause a sensitization of carotid body (CB) chemoreflex and chemoreflex-driven hyperreactivity of the sympathetic nervous system. However, this proposal is uncertain because hyperventilation, reflecting the CB sensitization, and increased plasma CA levels, reflecting sympathetic hyperreactivity, are not constant findings in patients with OSAS and IH animals. Aiming to solve these uncertainties we have studied the entire CB chemoreflex arch in a rat model of IH, including activity of chemoreceptor cells and CB generated afferent activity to brainstem. The efferent activity was measured as ventilation in normoxia, hypoxia, and hypercapnia. Norepinephrine turnover in renal artery sympathetic endings was also assessed. Findings indicate a sensitization of the CB function to hypoxia evidenced by exaggerated chemoreceptor cell and CB afferent activity. Yet, IH rats exhibited marked hypoventilation in all studied conditions and increased turnover of norepinephrine in sympathetic endings. We conclude that IH produces a bias in the integration of the input arising from the CB with a diminished drive of ventilation and an exaggerated activation of brainstem sympathetic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Gonzalez-Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología e Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid/CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
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Massardo T, Lavados H, Jaimovich R, Herrera E, Quevedo L, Alfaro L, Assef V, Coll C, Velásquez C, Pereira ME, Olea E, Quintana JC. [Interobserver correlation in the interpretation of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT in reperfused acute myocardial infarction]. Rev Esp Med Nucl 2008; 27:83-89. [PMID: 18367045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The correct interpretation of myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) requires knowledge of the technique reproducibility. The objective was analyze the interobserver correlation of different experience in the interpretation of myocardial perfusion SPECT in patients following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in order to improve the quality of our site. METHODS Sixty cases (56 +/- 11 years, 87 % men) with transmural AMI who had recently undergone successful thrombolysis were included. Resting perfusion with (99m)Tc-sestamibi was performed at one week post-AMI. ANALYSIS Semiquantitative interpretation using 17 segment-model by 2 independent specialists and 5 observers, was performed blindly. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured with isotopic ventriculography one month after AMI, with a mean of 38 %. RESULTS Using independent and then agreed on perfusion analysis, average involved segments/patient was 9.3 +/- 4 and the sum of severity 25 +/- 13. Readings of other observers ranged from 7 +/- 3.7 to 9.4 +/- 3.9 and 16.7 +/- 9.7 to 24.6 +/- 13, respectively, consistent with the reading of the specialists of between 0.779-0.871 (kappa: 0.565-0.741). There was no significant difference when the number of segments were analyzed in 40 % of the cases and for intensity in 60 % of them in more experienced observers. Correlation with consensus reading for the number of segments ranged from 0.84 to 0.94 and for severity from 0.79 to 0.89. Identification of culprit arteries was acceptable, with r values between 0.612 and 0.683 and kappas between 0.629 and 0.656. Correlation of the number of involved segments and severity with LVEF performed one month after AMI was 0.73 and 0.74, respectively. CONCLUSIONS There was good correlation in the interpretation of myocardial perfusion SPECT, with a significantly better fit in more experienced observers. This academic exercise was also helpful in improving our residents' skills in cardiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Massardo
- Sección de Medicina Nuclear, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Chile.
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Gascón AR, Campo E, Olea E, Hernández RM, Calvo B, Errasti J, Pedraz JL. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of intravenous pefloxacin for antibiotic prophylaxis in biliary surgery. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2002; 23:293-300. [PMID: 12355580 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The plasma levels and tissue penetration of pefloxacin were studied after prophylactic administration to patients undergoing elective biliary surgery. Pefloxacin was administered as a single dose of 800 mg given intravenously as an infusion 1 h before surgery. Over a period of two years, cultures of bile and stone were performed after cholecystectomy in order to find the main pathogens present in the geographical area of the hospital of Txagorritxu (Vitoria, Spain), as well as to test the antimicrobial susceptibility of these bacteria to pefloxacin. Thirty seven per cent of the bile and stone cultures were positive, and 75 different species were isolated. E. coli was the predominant microorganism (25%). Other frequent microorganisms were E. faecium (9.3%), S. epidermidis (6.6%) and Cl. perfringens (6.6%). Most species isolated were susceptible to pefloxacin, with MIC(90) values of 0.125 microg/ml for E. coli, 0.5 microg/ml for S. epidermidis and 1 microg/ml for Cl. perfringens. E. faecium was resistant, with a MIC(90) value of 8 microg/ml but a MIC(50) of 4 microg/ml (intermediate). After pefloxacin infusion, adequate drug plasma levels (>MIC(90)) for the most frequent pathogens were found throughout the procedure. Elimination half-life was estimated as 22.03+/-6.91 h; the area under the concentration-time curve from zero to infinite had a value of 275.07+/-130.02 mg h/l and the values for volume of distribution at steady-state and plasma clearance were 96.48+/-28.65 L and 3.60+/-1.83 l/h, respectively. Bile pefloxacin concentrations generally exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentrations for most relevant pathogens. Drug levels in gallbladder and subcutaneous tissues were also above the MIC(90) for extended periods. Patients were observed daily throughout their hospital stay. This included examination of the surgical wound and recording of body temperature. No cases of anaerobic infection were noted in the study patients. Other constants such as hospitalization stay and time of recuperation were normal for this type of surgery. According to these results, pefloxacin presents many features that make it suitable for use as a therapeutic prophylactic agent, such as its broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and favorable pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Gascón
- Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, Paseo de la Universidad no. 7/01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Allman KC, Godoy I, Olea E, Lekakis J, Zafir N, Metcalfe M, Prigent F, Botvinick EH, Hendrix GH. Current practice. The role of noninvasive testing and affect of VANQWISH/FRISC II trials on managing acute coronary syndrome patients. J Nucl Cardiol 2001; 8:634-6. [PMID: 11642262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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31
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Castro PF, Corbalan R, Baeza R, Nazzal C, Greig DP, Miranda FP, González R, Marchant E, Olea E, Larrain G. Effect of primary coronary angioplasty on left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion as determined by Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy. Am J Cardiol 2001; 87:1181-4; A4. [PMID: 11356394 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(01)01490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P F Castro
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hospital Clínico de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago.
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Bateman TM, Jie LX, Zanco P, Eskenazi S, Pieri P, Allman KC, Olea E, van Eck-Smit BL, Hendel RC, Prigent F. Journal of Nuclear Cardiology Nuclear Cardiology News Update. J Nucl Cardiol 1999; 6:475-8. [PMID: 27517285 DOI: 10.1016/s1071-3581(99)90017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Orellana P, Vial I, Prieto C, Rollán A, Olea E, Quintana JC, Foronda C, Pérez G, Astudillo S. [99mTc red blood cell scintigraphy for the assessment of active gastrointestinal bleeding]. Rev Med Chil 1998; 126:413-8. [PMID: 9699372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 99mTc red blood cell scintigraphy is a non invasive diagnostic method for low flow gastrointestinal bleeding. AIM To assess the diagnostic yield of this method in patients admitted with gastrointestinal bleeding in whom upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was negative. PATIENTS AND METHODS The clinical records of 59 patients, aged 6 to 90 years old (35 male), with active gastrointestinal bleeding subjected to a 99mTc red blood cell scintigraphy were reviewed. All had non diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopic studies, and in 20 a selective arteriography was performed. RESULTS In 40 patients the scintigraphy was positive for gastrointestinal bleeding, and in 57% of these the exam was positive during the first hour. Fifteen of the 19 patients with a negative scintigraphy did not have an active clinical bleeding at the moment of the examination. In 24 patients, a final etiological diagnosis was reached. In 93% of these patients scintigraphy correctly identified the bleeding site. In one patient with a negative scintigraphy, angiography disclosed a pseudo aneurysm of the splenic artery that was not bleeding actively. CONCLUSIONS In these patients with negative upper gastrointestinal endoscopy 99mTc red blood cell scintigraphy had a 91% sensitivity for the diagnosis of active gastrointestinal bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Orellana
- Departamento de Radiologia, Hospital Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Trincado P, López JM, Mosso L, Ciani S, Olea E. [Thyroid neoplasm of mid follicular-medullary type; an uncommon, particular and aggressive form: report of 3 cases]. Rev Med Chil 1997; 125:1371-6. [PMID: 9609061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mixed medullary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid shares secretory and immunohistochemical features of both follicular and parafollicular thyroidal cells. We report three women, aged 34, 63 and 61 old with this type of tumor. Its diagnosis must be bore in mind in patients with thyroidal tumors and a histological appearance of a medullary or undifferentiated carcinoma. An early diagnosis of a mixed medullary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid is important, considering its special treatment and negative prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Trincado
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Anatomía Patológica y Medicina Nuclear Imágenes, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Mosso L, López JM, Trincado P, Olea E, Talesnik E, Verdugo C. [Functioning and non-functioning parathyroid cysts: entities with different origin and clinical characteristics in 2 cases]. Rev Med Chil 1997; 125:1049-54. [PMID: 9595797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report two women presenting with parathyroid cysts. A 20 years old woman presented with goiter and a cystic lesion in the left thyroid lobe was identified on ultrasound examination and CAT scan. The patient had hypercalcemia and elevated PTH levels. The content of the cyst, obtained by needle aspiration, had an extremely high PTH concentration. The patient was operated, removing the cyst and a remaining thymus. Pathological study confirmed the diagnosis of a parathyroid cyst. An 11 years old girl presented with a mass in the left thyroid lobe. An ultrasound examination disclosed the presence of a cystic nodule. The patient was otherwise asymptomatic and laboratory work up was normal. The patient was operated and pathological examination of the surgical piece revealed a parathyroid cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mosso
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
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36
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Fajuri A, Guarda E, Vergara I, Fernández S, Olea E, Martínez A, Jalil J, Dubernet J, Chamorro G, Rodríguez JA, González R, Cambón AM. [Cardiovascular effects of AV interval shortening with electrical stimulation in dilated cardiomyopathy]. Rev Med Chil 1997; 125:385-90. [PMID: 9460278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A temporal alteration between atrial and ventricular contraction, in which the last one would be abnormally retarded, could exist in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. This alteration could have adverse hemodynamic effects. AIM To study the hemodynamic modifications caused by an artificial shortening of AV interval in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Nine patients with dilated cardiomyopathy were studied. Hemodynamic and tissular perfusion values, echocardiographic and radioisotopic ventricular function parameters were measured before and after six hours of AV interval shortening with electrical stimulation of the heart. RESULTS After electrical stimulation, cardiac output increased from 3.38 +/- 0.8 to 3.87 +/- 0.79 l/min (p< 0.05). Pulmonary capillary pressure decreased from 23.8 +/- 8.9 to 19.8 +/- 9.2 mm Hg (p = NS). There were no significant changes in ventricular function parameters or in systemic and pulmonary pressures. CONCLUSIONS Electrical shortening of AV interval in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy increases cardiac output but does not change ventricular function parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fajuri
- Departamento de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago de Chile.
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37
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Campusano C, Cárdenas IE, Olea E, Bertin P. [Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A. Report of a case with an unusually aggressive outcome]. Rev Med Chil 1996; 124:1100-6. [PMID: 9197024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a 28 years old woman who consulted for diarrhea of two years and a thyroid nodule. A medullary thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed and a thyroidectomy performed. There was a local relapse two months later and distant metastases were found five months later. A MIBG-1131 scintigraphic image of the adrenals lead to the suspicion of a bilateral pheochromocytoma. The surgical resection of the adrenals confirmed the diagnosis. There was no response to chemotherapy and the patient continued with severe hypercalcemia, repeated infections, persistent diarrhea and cachexia, dying one year after the diagnosis. There was no family history of the disease. We conclude that this is a particularly aggressive presentation of a multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Campusano
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Metabolismo y Nutriclón, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile
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38
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Olea E, Gil MC, Tomicic M, Araya G, Chandía M, Quintana JC, Pinto L, Orellana P, Nagel J, Ortíz V. [Nationally produced 153SmEDTMP in the palliative treatment of metastatic bone cancer pain]. Rev Med Chil 1996; 124:805-12. [PMID: 9138368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
153SmEDTMP was obtained from enriched 152Sm irradiated at the 5 MW Chilean Research Reactor and labelled at a molar ratio of 15:1 pH 7.5. Biodistribution, autoradiography, radiochemical purity tests were done for evaluation. 40 patients were treated with 37-55 MBq/kg weight. Bone scans using 99mTcHMDP were obtained prior and after treatment. Bone marrow depression was observed in 37% of them and normal liver function in all of them. In 45% the pain dissapear completely, in 22.5% significantly decreased and partially in 30%. In 17 patients more than one dosis was injected. Our preliminary results indicate that 153SmEDTMP is a promising radiotherapeutic agent for palliative treatment of metastatic bone cancer pain and encourage its use specially because it can be produced in countries with low economic resources, thus a large number of patients can get the benefits of this new procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Olea
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile
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39
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Cavaillolès F, Bazin JP, Pavel D, Olea E, Faraggi M, Frouin F, Di Paola R. Comparison between factor analysis of dynamic structures and Fourier analysis in detection of segmental wall motion abnormalities: a clinical evaluation. Int J Card Imaging 1995; 11:263-72. [PMID: 8596065 DOI: 10.1007/bf01145195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate Factor Analysis of Dynamic Structures (FADS) versus or in association with other methods, a protocol was set up including as 'gold standard' investigation the left ventricular angiography (LVA) and processing by Fourier Analysis (FA), and FADS with different variants. To refine the diagnosis of Regional Wall Motion Abnormalities (RWMA), processing was done on a sectorial basis for more accurate spatial localization and functional description. 53 patients were studied (8 normal, 45 with coronary artery disease). FADS gave better results than FA on a sectorial basis. Total agreement between FADS and LVA was obtained in 208/265 (78%), while FA was in agreement with LVA in only 167/265 segments (63%). Globally, FADS was significantly better than FA (Z-test: p < 0.05). When only the diagnosis of maximal abnormality was considered, FA and FADS are statistically equivalent. The superiority of FADS vs FA is more obvious in the diagnosis of hypokinesia. Most FA discrepancies corresponded to underestimation of WMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cavaillolès
- Clinique des Hauts de Seine, Chatenay-Malabry, France
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40
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Olea E, Ortiz V, Nagel J, Arenas L. Bone seeking agent uptake in abdominal muscle after exercise. Clin Nucl Med 1995; 20:561-2. [PMID: 7648752 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-199506000-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Olea
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Catholic University Hospital, Santiago, Chile
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41
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Rios L, Gajardo P, Olea E, Orellana P, Marinovic I. [Blood pool in the study of hepatic hemangioma]. Rev Med Chil 1993; 121:1149-53. [PMID: 8191119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Blood pool scintigraphy is a useful tool in the diagnosis of hepatic hemangioma. We reviewed retrospectively the clinical histories of 24 patients with abnormal blood pool scintigraphies and a presumptive diagnosis of hepatic hemangioma, based on clinical or ultrasonographic findings. In 20 of these patients, blood pool scintigraphy was diagnostic for hepatic hemangioma. The diagnosis was confirmed by an asymptomatic clinical evolution of 12 to 78 months in all the patients, CT scan in 8, angiography in 5 and liver biopsy in one. In the remaining 4 patients scintigraphy ruled out the presence of a hepatic hemangioma. Our results are similar to previous reports in the literature and blood pool scintigraphy has a high specificity for the diagnosis of hepatic hemangioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rios
- Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Clínico P Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago de Chile
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42
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Orellana P, Jalil R, Valdés F, Fava M, Olea E, Fernández MS, Valdés G, Contreras O, Fontbote C. [Renal scintigraphy with captopril in the evaluation of renovascular hypertension]. Rev Med Chil 1993; 121:762-7. [PMID: 8296080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The administration of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor transitorily reduces the GFR in a kidney with renal artery stenosis, effect that can be ascertained with scintigraphic studies using ACE inhibitors. We evaluated the clinical usefulness of captopril renography (CR) in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension (RVH) in 51 hypertensive patients in which this diagnosis was suspected. All subjects underwent angiography and RVH was diagnosed when renal artery stenosis exceeded 60%, there was lateralization of renal vein renin or there was a concordant clinical outcome. Renography was performed 15 minutes after Lasix administration, using Tc-99m DTPA, before and 60 minutes after the oral administration of 50 mg of captopril. The scintigraphic criteria for a positive test were a decreased split renal function, a delayed peak uptake, a decreased excretion of DTPA and a prolonged transit time. In three of 28 patients in whom angiography discarded RVH, CR was positive. In the 23 patients with confirmed RVH, CR was positive in 10 of 12 with unilateral stenosis, in 3 of 8 with bilateral stenosis and 1 of 3 with stenosis in a transplanted kidney. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the test for RVH was 60.9% and 89.2% respectively. There were no changes in blood pressure or adverse effects after captopril administration. We conclude that CR in RVH is useful to select patients for further studies (angiography) and to perform a functional interpretation of angiographic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Orellana
- Hospital Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Pontifficia Universidad Católica, Santiago de Chile
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43
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Alvarado R, Perucca E, Rojas M, Monardes J, Olea E, Neves E, Vera A. [Gyneco-obstetric aspects in women developing postpartum depression]. Rev Chil Obstet Ginecol 1993; 58:239-244. [PMID: 7991839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between different variables was studied related to pregnancy, labor, puerperium, newborn and breast-feeding with the development of a depressive disorders during pregnancy, in a sample of 125 pregnant women. No relationship it's found with the presence of disease during the gestation period, except urinary tract infection. The same happens with other variable of labor, puerperium and newborn, Nevertheless, the major stress situations (urgent cesarean section, use of anesthesia during labor, diseases of the newborn, etc.) systematically present a higher incidence of depression. It is observer a relationship between the development of a depressive disorders and a decrease of the natural lactation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Alvarado
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Barros Luco-Trudeau
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44
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Michaels EK, Pavel DG, Orellana P, Montes A, Olea E. Use of radionuclide renal imaging for clinical followup after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of renal stones. J Urol 1992; 148:1015-21. [PMID: 1507319 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)36803-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Patients treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) are usually evaluated by excretory urography within 1 month after treatment to determine the clearance of stone debris and rule out asymptomatic obstruction. In an attempt to obtain more precise functional information, we used 99mtechnetium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and 131iodine-hippurate radionuclide renal imaging studies, and a plain abdominal radiograph as the initial followup study after ESWL of 64 kidneys in 55 patients. Of 53 kidneys studied within 60 days after ESWL 42 had abnormal radionuclide renal imaging studies demonstrating pelviocaliceal stasis, excretory delay or poor function, 8 of which required subsequent interventions for obstructing stone debris. Five patients had excretory delay after ESWL that was unexpected based on a pre-ESWL excretory urogram showing normal function without dilation. A subset of 23 patients with large stone burden or anatomical deformity from a prior operation had baseline radionuclide renal imaging studies before ESWL; function improved in 4 and worsened in 5 by radionuclide renal imaging studies after completion of treatment. A total of 19 patients had radionuclide renal imaging studies earlier (within 17 days) after ESWL because of poor function and/or large stone burden, and as expected they had evidence of obstruction from stone debris, which necessitated further followup. Our experience suggests that followup of ESWL by radionuclide renal imaging studies provides specific functional information that is of particular value in the management of patients with obstructing stone debris and/or diminished renal function. Radionuclide renal imaging studies may also reveal unsuspected obstruction or functional impairment after ESWL of uncomplicated stones, and is recommended as routine followup after ESWL.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Michaels
- Division of Urology, University of Illinois, Chicago
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45
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Orellana P, Ríos L, Gajardo P, Olea E, Oritz V, Nagel J, Quintana C, Gil MC. [Diagnosis of activity in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: scintigraphy with TC-99m glucoheptonate labelled leukocytes]. Rev Med Chil 1992; 120:1006-10. [PMID: 1340976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated a pre-tinning leukocyte labeling technique using Glucoheptonate-Sn lyophilized kit, in the detection of activity in 15 patients with clinical and laboratory signs of active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 25 patients, without gastrointestinal disease were the control group. In 7/8 patients with Crohn's disease and in 7/7 with Ulcerative Colitis the study was positive. The negative study corresponded to a patient who has only involvement of the duodenum, an area of difficult evaluation due to the high liver uptake. 3/25 patients of the control group had activity in the intestine at 4 hour images. In spite of the small group evaluated, we believe that this labeling technique is a promising procedure for evaluation of activity in patients with IBD (Sensitivity 93.3%, Specificity 88.0%).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Orellana
- Departamento de Radiología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
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46
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Kunstmann S, Corbalán R, Olea E, Orellana P, Marchant E, Puschel K, Galleguillos CG. [Early test of thallium dipyridamole after myocardial infarction: prognostic value and correlation with coronarography]. Rev Med Chil 1991; 119:891-6. [PMID: 1844770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fifty three patients were studied with dipyridamole thallium myocardial scintigraphy, 4 to 6 days after a first episode of myocardial infarction. Localization of infarction was anterior in 25 and inferior in 28. Infarction was confirmed by myocardial scintigraphy in 87% of cases. A non q wave myocardial infarction was present in 5 of the 7 patients with negative scintigraphy. Residual myocardial ischemia was suggested by myocardial scintigraphy in 68% of patients. Correlated to coronary arteriography, sensitivity for myocardial ischemia was 80%, specificity 82%. After a mean follow up of 11.2 months, 22 of 36 patients with positive myocardial scintigraphy had new coronary events, 15 of them requiring myocardial revascularization. In contrast, only 2 of 17 patients with negative scintigraphy had new events (p < 0.05). Thus dipyridamole thallium myocardial scintigraphy early after myocardial infarction is a valuable prognostic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kunstmann
- Departamento de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, P Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago
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47
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Conte G, González P, Larraín C, Olea E, Parada X, Hurtado E, Cuneo M. [Platelet labelling with In-111-oxine: platelet survival and the images]. Rev Med Chil 1990; 118:10-4. [PMID: 2152696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We studied 10 male and 2 female normal non-smoker volunteers (mean age 25) by labeling of autologous platelets with 111-In oxine. Daily samples for platelet survival were obtained in all, gamma-camera images in 10 and blood pool digital subtraction with 99m-Tc labeled erythrocytes in 6. Mean platelet count was 594 +/- 235 10(3)/mm3; collagen platelet aggregation pre and post labeling was 74 +/- 4.8 and 70 +/- 10%, respectively. Mean labeling efficacy was 65 +/- 15.4%, mean labeling dose was 201 +/- 79.5 microCi. A linearized initial survival of 7.9 +/- 1 day was obtained. Scintigraphic images showed circulating activity, greater in the spleen, persisting after digital subtraction. The method described can be used for clinical evaluation of platelet disorders and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Conte
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago
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48
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Csendes A, González P, Olea E, Orellana P, Papapietro K, Cortes C, Diaz JC, Braghetto I, Lillo R, Humeres P. [Diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux by radioisotopic techniques]. Rev Med Chil 1989; 117:1374-80. [PMID: 2519376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated 148 patients (mean age 45 years) with clinically evident gastroesophageal reflux. A radioisotopic test with 99mTc sulphur-colloid was performed in all; endoscopy in 146, biopsy in 24, acid reflux test and manometric evaluation in 141 and radiologic studies in 85. Sensitivity of the different techniques was: radioisotopes 92%, radiology 87%, acid reflux test 84%; endoscopy 63% and manometric studies 61%. Severity of reflux and esophagitis was adequately predicted from radioisotopic evaluation. We conclude that this radioisotopic test is highly reliable for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux.
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49
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Abstract
At present, the phase images together with amplitude images are used in nuclear medicine to aid the diagnosis of cardiac regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA). The phase images represent the spatial distribution of the relative phase of the first harmonic fit of pixel time activity curves, and the amplitude images represent the distribution of the amplitude of the fit. These images contain only part of the information present in the original radionuclide images, and have to be mentally integrated with other known information to obtain a diagnosis. The proposed synthetic Fourier images overcome these deficiencies as their pixel intensity is a function of additional Fourier parameters of pixel time activity curves and of pixel location and are not limited to the first harmonic. But most importantly, their computation is based on "teaching" the computer by examples of previously diagnosed cases. The images offer direct and robust diagnosis which is superior to that derived from separate phase and amplitude images, especially for the detection of mild RWMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Sychra
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois Hospital, Chicago 60612
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50
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Abstract
At present, the diagnosis of cardiac left ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) in nuclear medicine is aided mainly by phase images and amplitude images, which picture the spatial distribution of the phase and of the amplitude of the first harmonics of pixel time activity curves, respectively. However, they do not utilize other information contained in the original radionuclide images, and they do not offer a direct diagnostic interpretation of the data. The proposed Fourier classification images (FCI) overcome these deficiencies. Their pixel intensities express directly the diagnostic class of RWMA. The FCI pixel intensities are functions of pixel coordinates, Fourier features of pixel time activity curves, and their distribution parameters, and they are not limited by the first harmonics model. The derivation of the pixel classifier includes normalization transformation of coordinates and activities. Fourier analysis of raw image data, and teaching the computer by examples of already diagnosed cases with the help of discriminant analysis. FCI offer direct and robust diagnosis of RWMA, superior to that derived from phase and amplitude images, especially in the detection of mild RWMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Sychra
- Dept. of Radiol., Univ. of Illinois Hospital, Chicago, IL
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