1
|
Amer A, Spears S, Vaughn PL, Colwell C, Livingston EH, McQueen W, Schill A, Reichard DG, Gangloff EJ, Brock KM. Physiological phenotypes differ among color morphs in introduced common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis). Integr Zool 2024; 19:505-523. [PMID: 37884464 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Many species exhibit color polymorphisms which have distinct physiological and behavioral characteristics. However, the consistency of morph trait covariation patterns across species, time, and ecological contexts remains unclear. This trait covariation is especially relevant in the context of invasion biology and urban adaptation. Specifically, physiological traits pertaining to energy maintenance are crucial to fitness, given their immediate ties to individual reproduction, growth, and population establishment. We investigated the physiological traits of Podarcis muralis, a versatile color polymorphic species that thrives in urban environments (including invasive populations in Ohio, USA). We measured five physiological traits (plasma corticosterone and triglycerides, hematocrit, body condition, and field body temperature), which compose an integrated multivariate phenotype. We then tested variation among co-occurring color morphs in the context of establishment in an urban environment. We found that the traits describing physiological status and strategy shifted across the active season in a morph-dependent manner-the white and yellow morphs exhibited clearly different multivariate physiological phenotypes, characterized primarily by differences in plasma corticosterone. This suggests that morphs have different strategies in physiological regulation, the flexibility of which is crucial to urban adaptation. The white-yellow morph exhibited an intermediate phenotype, suggesting an intermediary energy maintenance strategy. Orange morphs also exhibited distinct phenotypes, but the low prevalence of this morph in our study populations precludes clear interpretation. Our work provides insight into how differences among stable polymorphisms exist across axes of the phenotype and how this variation may aid in establishment within novel environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Amer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| | - Sierra Spears
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| | - Princeton L Vaughn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Cece Colwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| | - Ethan H Livingston
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| | - Wyatt McQueen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| | - Anna Schill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
| | - Dustin G Reichard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| | - Kinsey M Brock
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, College of Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Spears S, Pettit C, Berkowitz S, Collier S, Colwell C, Livingston EH, McQueen W, Vaughn PL, Bodensteiner BL, Leos-Barajas V, Gangloff EJ. Lizards in the wind: The impact of wind on the thermoregulation of the common wall lizard. J Therm Biol 2024; 121:103855. [PMID: 38648702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sierra Spears
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA.
| | - Ciara Pettit
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| | - Sophie Berkowitz
- School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simone Collier
- School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cece Colwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| | - Ethan H Livingston
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| | - Wyatt McQueen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| | - Princeton L Vaughn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA; Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Vianey Leos-Barajas
- School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alujević K, Bakewell L, Clifton IT, Cox CL, Frishkoff LO, Gangloff EJ, Garcia-Costoya G, Gifford ME, Glenwinkel M, Gulati SAK, Head A, Miles M, Pettit C, Watson CM, Wuthrich KL, Logan ML. 3D printed models are an accurate, cost-effective, and reproducible tool for quantifying terrestrial thermal environments. J Therm Biol 2024; 119:103762. [PMID: 38071898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Predicting ecological responses to rapid environmental change has become one of the greatest challenges of modern biology. One of the major hurdles in forecasting these responses is accurately quantifying the thermal environments that organisms experience. The distribution of temperatures available within an organism's habitat is typically measured using data loggers called operative temperature models (OTMs) that are designed to mimic certain properties of heat exchange in the focal organism. The gold standard for OTM construction in studies of terrestrial ectotherms has been the use of copper electroforming which creates anatomically accurate models that equilibrate quickly to ambient thermal conditions. However, electroformed models require the use of caustic chemicals, are often brittle, and their production is expensive and time intensive. This has resulted in many researchers resorting to the use of simplified OTMs that can yield substantial measurement errors. 3D printing offers the prospect of robust, easily replicated, morphologically accurate, and cost-effective OTMs that capture the benefits but alleviate the problems associated with electroforming. Here, we validate the use of OTMs that were 3D printed using several materials across eight lizard species of different body sizes and living in habitats ranging from deserts to tropical forests. We show that 3D printed OTMs have low thermal inertia and predict the live animal's equilibration temperature with high accuracy across a wide range of body sizes and microhabitats. Finally, we developed a free online repository and database of 3D scans (https://www.3dotm.org/) to increase the accessibility of this tool to researchers around the world and facilitate ease of production of 3D printed models. 3D printing of OTMs is generalizable to taxa beyond lizards. If widely adopted, this approach promises greater accuracy and reproducibility in studies of terrestrial thermal ecology and should lead to improved forecasts of the biological impacts of climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla Alujević
- Department of Biology and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| | - Leah Bakewell
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for the Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Ian T Clifton
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for the Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA; Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Christian L Cox
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for the Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Luke O Frishkoff
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA
| | - Guillermo Garcia-Costoya
- Department of Biology and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Matthew E Gifford
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, 72035, USA
| | - Madison Glenwinkel
- Department of Biology and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Samir A K Gulati
- Department of Biology and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Alyssa Head
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA
| | - Monica Miles
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Ciara Pettit
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA
| | - Charles M Watson
- Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Kelly L Wuthrich
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for the Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Michael L Logan
- Department of Biology and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Souchet J, Josserand A, Darnet E, Le Chevalier H, Trochet A, Bertrand R, Calvez O, Martinez-Silvestre A, Guillaume O, Mossoll-Torres M, Pottier G, Philippe H, Aubret F, Gangloff EJ. Embryonic and juvenile snakes (Natrix maura, Linnaeus 1758) compensate for high elevation hypoxia via shifts in cardiovascular physiology and metabolism. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2023; 339:1102-1115. [PMID: 37723946 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The colonization of novel environments requires a favorable response to conditions never, or rarely, encountered in recent evolutionary history. For example, populations colonizing upslope habitats must cope with lower atmospheric pressure at elevation, and thus reduced oxygen availability. The embryo stage in oviparous organisms is particularly susceptible, given its lack of mobility and limited gas exchange via diffusion through the eggshell and membranes. Especially little is known about responses of Lepidosaurian reptiles to reduced oxygen availability. To test the role of physiological plasticity during early development in response to high elevation hypoxia, we performed a transplant experiment with the viperine snake (Natrix maura, Linnaeus 1758). We maintained gravid females originating from low elevation populations (432 m above sea level [ASL]-normoxia) at both the elevation of origin and high elevation (2877 m ASL-extreme high elevation hypoxia; approximately 72% oxygen availability relative to sea level), then incubated egg clutches at both low and high elevation. Regardless of maternal exposure to hypoxia during gestation, embryos incubated at extreme high elevation exhibited altered developmental trajectories of cardiovascular function and metabolism across the incubation period, including a reduction in late-development egg mass. This physiological response may have contributed to the maintenance of similar incubation duration, hatching success, and hatchling body size compared to embryos incubated at low elevation. Nevertheless, after being maintained in hypoxia, juveniles exhibit reduced carbon dioxide production relative to oxygen consumption, suggesting altered energy pathways compared to juveniles maintained in normoxia. These findings highlight the role of physiological plasticity in maintaining rates of survival and fitness-relevant phenotypes in novel environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Souchet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR CNRS 2029), Moulis, France
| | - Alicia Josserand
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR CNRS 2029), Moulis, France
| | - Elodie Darnet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR CNRS 2029), Moulis, France
| | - Hugo Le Chevalier
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR CNRS 2029), Moulis, France
| | - Audrey Trochet
- Société Herpétologique de France, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Romain Bertrand
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR CNRS 5174), Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Calvez
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR CNRS 2029), Moulis, France
| | | | - Olivier Guillaume
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR CNRS 2029), Moulis, France
| | | | | | - Hervé Philippe
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR CNRS 2029), Moulis, France
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR CNRS 2029), Moulis, France
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR CNRS 2029), Moulis, France
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Palacios MG, Bronikowski AM, Amer A, Gangloff EJ. Transgenerational effects of maternal corticosterone across early life in a viviparous snake. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 331:114162. [PMID: 36356645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are central mediators of vertebrate responses to intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. Among the sources of variation in circulating GCs are transgenerational effects mediated by mothers. Here we studied potential maternal effects mediated by GCs on offspring phenotype in a live-bearing reptile, the western terrestrial garter snake (Thamnophis elegans). We evaluated the association between baseline corticosterone (CORT) levels during gestation (i.e., preparturition) in field-captured mothers and 1) reproductive success and offspring sex ratios, 2) birth phenotypic traits of offspring born under common-garden laboratory conditions, and 3) neonate (age 3 months) and juvenile (age 12 months) traits of offspring raised under two thermal regimes ('warm' and 'cool') during their first year of life. Reproductive success and offspring sex ratios were not associated with preparturition maternal CORT, but pregnant snakes with higher CORT levels gave birth to smaller, lighter offspring, which tended to grow faster to age three months. Neonate baseline CORT varied with preparturition maternal CORT in a sex-specific manner (positive trend for females, negative for males). Maternal CORT effects on offspring phenotype were no longer detectable in juveniles at age one year. Instead, juvenile phenotypes were most influenced by rearing environment, with offspring raised under the cool regime showing higher baseline CORT and slower growth than those raised under warmer conditions. Our findings support the notion that offspring phenotype might be continuously adjusted in response to environmental cues -both pre- and post-natal- and that the strength of maternal CORT effects declines as offspring develop and experience unique environmental challenges. Our results contribute to a growing literature on transgenerational effects of hormones and help to fill a gap in our knowledge of these effects in ectothermic amniotes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Palacios
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Centro Para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, CCT CONICET-CENPAT, Blvd. Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
| | - Anne M Bronikowski
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI, USA
| | - Ali Amer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vaughn PL, Colwell C, Livingston EH, McQueen W, Pettit C, Spears S, Tuhela L, Gangloff EJ. Climbing and Clinging of Urban Lizards are Differentially Affected by Morphology, Temperature, and Substrate. Integr Org Biol 2023; 5:obad006. [PMID: 36844391 PMCID: PMC9952060 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Urbanization alters the environment along many dimensions, including changes to structural habitat and thermal regimes. These can present challenges, but may also provide suitable habitat for certain species. Importantly, the functional implications of these habitat shifts can be assessed through the morphology-performance-fitness paradigm, though these relationships are complicated by interactions among habitat choice, other abiotic factors, and morphology across scales (i.e., micromorphology and gross anatomy). The common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) is one example of a cosmopolitan and successful urban colonizer. Quantifying both shifts in morphology over time and morphology-performance relationships under various ecological contexts can provide insight into the success of species in a novel environment. To examine how morphological variation influences performance, we measured seven gross morphological characteristics and utilized scanning electron microscopy to obtain high-resolution images of a claw from individuals living in established populations in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. We used a geometric morphometric approach to describe variation in claw shape and then compared the claws of contemporary lizards to those of museum specimens collected approximately 40 years ago, finding that claw morphology has not shifted over this time. We then performed laboratory experiments to measure the clinging and climbing performance of lizards on materials that mimic ecologically relevant substrates. Each individual was tested for climbing performance on two substrates (cork and turf) and clinging performance on three substrates (cork, turf, and sandpaper) and at two temperatures (24ºC and 34ºC). Clinging performance was temperature insensitive, but determined by substrate-specific interactions between body dimensions and claw morphology. Conversely, the main determinant of climbing performance was temperature, though lizards with more elongate claws, as described by the primary axis of variation in claw morphology, climbed faster. Additionally, we found strong evidence for within-individual trade-offs between performance measures such that individuals who are better at clinging are worse at climbing and vice versa. These results elucidate the complex interactions shaping organismal performance in different contexts and may provide insight into how certain species are able to colonize novel urban environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P L Vaughn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA
| | - C Colwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA
| | - E H Livingston
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA
| | - W McQueen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA
| | - C Pettit
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA
| | - S Spears
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA
| | - L Tuhela
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA
| | - E J Gangloff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hankison S, Gangloff EJ, Fry B, Arnold A, Lashway AJ, Betts JM, Otap SD, Walter K, Juergens MY, Crawford A. Effects of reliance on stored sperm on reproduction in the sailfin molly Poecilia latipinna. J Fish Biol 2022; 101:1628-1633. [PMID: 36134581 PMCID: PMC10091790 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of relying on stored sperm were evaluated in the sailfin molly, Poecilia latipinna. Females reliant on stored sperm had fewer offspring compared to remated females, but offspring size and short-term growth rate did not differ. Thus, females may use stored sperm in cases such as previous mating with a preferred male, lack of access to mating opportunities during a reproductive cycle, or to maximize egg fertilization. Females do not compensate for producing fewer offspring however, by allocating more resources to offspring relative to their size or initial growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shala Hankison
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA
| | - Eric J. Gangloff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA
| | - Breanna Fry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA
| | - Alena Arnold
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA
| | - A. J. Lashway
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA
| | - Jenell M. Betts
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA
| | - Sandra D. Otap
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA
| | - Katherine Walter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA
| | | | - Alax Crawford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Telemeco RS, Gangloff EJ, Cordero GA, Rodgers EM, Aubret F. From performance curves to performance surfaces: Interactive effects of temperature and oxygen availability on aerobic and anaerobic performance in the common wall lizard. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rory S. Telemeco
- Department of Biology California State University Fresno Fresno CA USA
| | - Eric J. Gangloff
- Department of Biological Sciences Ohio Wesleyan University Delaware OH USA
| | - G. Antonio Cordero
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Department of Animal Biology University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal
| | - Essie M. Rodgers
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS – UPR 2001 Moulis France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Holden KG, Hedrick AR, Gangloff EJ, Hall SJ, Bronikowski AM. Temperature-dependence of metabolism and fuel selection from cells to whole organisms. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2022; 337:199-205. [PMID: 34855309 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Temperature affects nearly every aspect of how organisms interact with and are constrained by their environment. Measures of organismal energetics, such as metabolic rate, are highly temperature-dependent and governed through temperature effects on rates of biochemical reactions. Characterizing the relationships among levels of biological organization can lend insight into how temperature affects whole-organism function. We tested the temperature dependence of cellular oxygen consumption and its relationship to whole-animal metabolic rate in garter snakes (Thamnophis elegans). Additionally, we tested whether thermal responses were linked to shifts in the fuel source oxidized to support metabolism with the use of carbon stable isotopes. Our results demonstrate temperature dependence of metabolic rates across levels of biological organization. Cellular (basal, adenosine triphosphate-linked) and whole-animal rates of respiration increased with temperature but were not correlated within or among individuals, suggesting that variation in whole-animal metabolic rates is not due simply to variation at the cellular level, but rather other interacting factors across scales of biological organization. Counter to trends observed during fasting, elevated temperature did not alter fuel selection (i.e., natural-abundance stable carbon isotope composition in breath, δ13 Cbreath ). This consistency suggests the maintenance and oxidation of a single fuel source supporting metabolism across a broad range of metabolic demands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn G Holden
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Ashley R Hedrick
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| | - Steven J Hall
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Anne M Bronikowski
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Holden KG, Gangloff EJ, Miller DAW, Hedrick AR, Dinsmore C, Basel A, Kutz G, Bronikowski AM. Over a decade of field physiology reveals life-history specific strategies to drought in garter snakes ( Thamnophis legans). Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20212187. [PMID: 35078358 PMCID: PMC8790353 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Changing climates and severe weather events can affect population viability. Individuals need to buffer such negative fitness consequences through physiological plasticity. Whether certain life-history strategies are more conducive to surviving changing climates is unknown, but theory predicts that strategies prioritizing maintenance and survival over current reproduction should be better able to withstand such change. We tested this hypothesis in a meta-population of garter snakes having naturally occurring variation in life-history strategies. We tested whether slow pace-of-life (POL) animals, that prioritize survival over reproduction, are more resilient than fast POL animals as measured by several physiological biomarkers. From 2006 to 2019, which included two multi-year droughts, baseline and stress-induced reactivity of plasma corticosterone and glucose varied annually with directionalities consistent with life-history theory. Slow POL animals exhibited higher baseline corticosterone and lower baseline glucose, relative to fast POL animals. These patterns were also observed in stress-induced measures; thus, reactivity was equivalent between ecotypes. However, in drought years, measures of corticosterone did not differ between different life histories. Immune cell distribution showed annual variation independent of drought or life history. These persistent physiological patterns form a backdrop to several extirpations of fast POL populations, suggesting a limited physiological toolkit to surviving periods of extreme drought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn G. Holden
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Eric J. Gangloff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - David A. W. Miller
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Ashley R. Hedrick
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Carli Dinsmore
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Alison Basel
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Greta Kutz
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Anne M. Bronikowski
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Deluen M, Blanchet S, Aubret F, Trochet A, Gangloff EJ, Guillaume O, Le Chevalier H, Calvez O, Carle C, Genty L, Arrondeau G, Cazale L, Kouyoumdjian L, Ribéron A, Bertrand R. Impacts of temperature on O 2 consumption of the Pyrenean brook newt (Calotriton asper) from populations along an elevational gradient. J Therm Biol 2022; 103:103166. [PMID: 35027206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Global warming impacts biodiversity worldwide, leading to species' adaptation, migration, or extinction. The population's persistence depends on the maintenance of essential activities, which is notably driven by phenotypic adaptation to local environments. Metabolic rate - that increases with temperature in ectotherms - is a key physiological proxy for the energy available to fuel individuals' activities. Cold-adapted ectotherms can exhibit a higher resting metabolism than warm-adapted ones to maintain functionality at higher elevations or latitudes, known as the metabolic cold-adaptation hypothesis. How climate change will affect metabolism in species inhabiting contrasting climates (cold or warm) is still a debate. Therefore, it is of high interest to assess the pace of metabolic responses to global warming among populations adapted to highly different baseline climatic conditions. Here, we conducted a physiological experiment in the endemic Pyrenean brook newt (Calotriton asper). We measured a proxy of standard metabolic rate (SMR) along a temperature gradient in individuals sampled among 6 populations located from 550 to 2189 m a.s.l. We demonstrated that SMR increased with temperature, but significantly diverged depending on populations' origins. The baseline and the slope of the relationship between SMR and temperature were both higher for high-elevation populations than for low-elevation populations. We discussed the stronger metabolic response observed in high-elevation populations suggesting a drop of performance in essential life activities for these individuals under current climate change. With the increase of metabolism as the climate warms, the metabolic-cold adaptation strategy selected in the past could compromise the sustainability of cold-adapted populations if short-term evolutionary responses do not allow to offset this evolutionary legacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Deluen
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France.
| | - Simon Blanchet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Audrey Trochet
- Société Herpétologique de France, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP41, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio
| | - Olivier Guillaume
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Hugo Le Chevalier
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Olivier Calvez
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Clémentine Carle
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Léa Genty
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Gaëtan Arrondeau
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Lucas Cazale
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Laura Kouyoumdjian
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UPR2001, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Alexandre Ribéron
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse, France
| | - Romain Bertrand
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bodensteiner BL, Gangloff EJ, Kouyoumdjian L, Muñoz MM, Aubret F. Thermal-metabolic phenotypes of the lizard Podarcis muralis differ across elevation, but converge in high-elevation hypoxia. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:273727. [PMID: 34761802 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In response to a warming climate, many montane species are shifting upslope to track the emergence of preferred temperatures. Characterizing patterns of variation in metabolic, physiological and thermal traits along an elevational gradient, and the plastic potential of these traits, is necessary to understand current and future responses to abiotic constraints at high elevations, including limited oxygen availability. We performed a transplant experiment with the upslope-colonizing common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) in which we measured nine aspects of thermal physiology and aerobic capacity in lizards from replicate low- (400 m above sea level, ASL) and high-elevation (1700 m ASL) populations. We first measured traits at their elevation of origin and then transplanted half of each group to extreme high elevation (2900 m ASL; above the current elevational range limit of this species), where oxygen availability is reduced by ∼25% relative to sea level. After 3 weeks of acclimation, we again measured these traits in both the transplanted and control groups. The multivariate thermal-metabolic phenotypes of lizards originating from different elevations differed clearly when measured at the elevation of origin. For example, high-elevation lizards are more heat tolerant than their low-elevation counterparts (counter-gradient variation). Yet, these phenotypes converged after exposure to reduced oxygen availability at extreme high elevation, suggesting limited plastic responses under this novel constraint. Our results suggest that high-elevation populations are well suited to their oxygen environments, but that plasticity in the thermal-metabolic phenotype does not pre-adapt these populations to colonize more hypoxic environments at higher elevations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L Bodensteiner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS - UMR 5321, 09200 Moulis, France.,Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, 43015 OH, USA
| | - Laura Kouyoumdjian
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS - UMR 5321, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Martha M Muñoz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS - UMR 5321, 09200 Moulis, France.,School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gangloff EJ, Leos-Barajas V, Demuth G, Zhang H, Kelly CD, Bronikowski AM. Movement modeling and patterns of within- and among-individual behavioral variation across time scales in neonate garter snakes (Thamnophis elegans). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-021-03099-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
14
|
Vaughn PL, Mcqueen W, Gangloff EJ. Moving to the city: testing the implications of morphological shifts on locomotor performance in introduced urban lizards. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blab076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Understanding how morphology affects performance in novel environments and how populations shift their morphology in response to environmental selective pressures is necessary to understand how invaders can be successful. We tested these relationships in a global colonizer, the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis), translocated to Cincinnati, OH, USA 70 years ago. We investigated how morphology shifts in this population inhabiting a novel environment, how these morphological shifts influence locomotor performance and how performance changes in novel conditions. We compared the morphology of museum specimens and current lizards to see which aspects of morphology have shifted over time. Although overall body size did not change, most body dimensions reduced in size. We measured sprint speed with a full-factorial design of substrate type, incline angle and obstacles. We identified a pattern of negative correlation in sprint performance between conditions with and without obstacles. The locomotor advantage of larger body size was diminished when obstacles were present. Finally, there was no relationship between individual variation in contemporary morphology and sprint performance, providing no support to the hypothesis that these shifts are attributable to selective pressures on locomotor performance in the conditions tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wyatt Mcqueen
- Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gangloff EJ, Manes MB, Schwartz TS, Robert KA, Huebschman N, Bronikowski AM. Multiple paternity in garter snakes with evolutionarily divergent life-histories. J Hered 2021; 112:508-518. [PMID: 34351393 PMCID: PMC8558580 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many animal species exhibit multiple paternity, defined as multiple males genetically contributing to a single female reproductive event, such as a clutch or litter. Although this phenomenon is well documented across a broad range of taxa, the underlying causes and consequences remain poorly understood. For example, it is unclear how multiple paternity correlates with life-history strategies. Furthermore, males and females may differ in mating strategies and these patterns may shift with ecological context and life-history variation. Here, we take advantage of natural life-history variation in garter snakes (Thamnophis elegans) to address these questions in a robust field setting where populations have diverged along a slow-to-fast life-history continuum. We determine both female (observed) and male (using molecular markers) reproductive success in replicate populations of 2 life-history strategies. We find that despite dramatic differences in annual female reproductive output: 1) females of both life-history ecotypes average 1.5 sires per litter and equivalent proportions of multiply-sired litters, whereas 2) males from the slow-living ecotype experience greater reproductive skew and greater variance in reproductive success relative to males from the fast-living ecotype males despite having equivalent average reproductive success. Together, these results indicate strong intrasexual competition among males, particularly in the fast-paced life-history ecotype. We discuss these results in the context of competing hypotheses for multiple paternity related to population density, resource variability, and life-history strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Gangloff
- Dept. of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA.,Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH USA
| | - Megan B Manes
- Dept. of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
| | - Tonia S Schwartz
- Dept. of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA.,Deptartment of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Kylie A Robert
- Dept. of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA.,Deptartment of Ecology, Environment & Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086 Australia
| | | | - Anne M Bronikowski
- Dept. of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Telemeco RS, Gangloff EJ. Introduction to the special issue-Beyond CT MAX and CT MIN : Advances in studying the thermal limits of reptiles and amphibians. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2021; 335:5-12. [PMID: 33544981 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Two themes emerging from the special issue "Beyond CTMAX and CTMIN : Advances in Studying the Thermal Limits of Reptiles and Amphibians" are: (1) the need to identify mechanisms that determine the shape of thermal performance curves and (2) how these curves can be best used predictively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rory S Telemeco
- Department of Biology, California State University Fresno, Fresno, California, USA
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Holden KG, Gangloff EJ, Gomez-Mancillas E, Hagerty K, Bronikowski AM. Surviving winter: Physiological regulation of energy balance in a temperate ectotherm entering and exiting brumation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 307:113758. [PMID: 33771532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Characterizing the physiological response to prolonged cold exposure is essential for understanding the maintenance of long-term energy balance. As part of their natural life cycle, temperate ectotherms are often exposed to seasonal variation in temperatures, including extended periods of cold well below their activity range. Relatively little is known about variation in physiological responses as vertebrate ectotherms enter and exit brumation in response to sustained cold temperatures. We tested the influence of temperature on physiology before, during, and after a simulated brumation in the checkered garter snake (Thamnophis marcianus), a widespread ectothermic vertebrate. We tested for the relative effect of immediate temperature and physiological context (entering or exiting brumation) on hormones regulating energy balance, indicators of energy availability, and resting metabolic rate (V̇O2). Plasma corticosterone, glucose, and insulin, as well as immune cell heterophil: lymphocyte ratios responded to temperature, though they did so with different thermal response curves. Thermal sensitivity varied both among and within physiological measures depending on whether animals were going into or coming out of brumation. Additionally, V̇O2 was regulated beyond simple temperature-dependence, whereby post-brumation measures were depressed relative to pre-brumation measures at the same temperature. This pattern was characterized by a change in the temperature coefficient (Q10), with a larger pre-brumation Q10, suggesting reduced thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate following a period of extended cold exposure. The integrated physiological response presented here demonstrates not only temperature dependence across physiological axes, but seasonal variation in thermal responsiveness. Our results suggest that energy allocation decisions and hormonal regulation of underlying processes promote differing levels of thermal sensitivity when entering or exiting brumation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn G Holden
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA
| | | | - Kelsi Hagerty
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Anne M Bronikowski
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Souchet J, Bossu C, Darnet E, Le Chevalier H, Poignet M, Trochet A, Bertrand R, Calvez O, Martinez-Silvestre A, Mossoll-Torres M, Guillaume O, Clobert J, Barthe L, Pottier G, Philippe H, Gangloff EJ, Aubret F. High temperatures limit developmental resilience to high-elevation hypoxia in the snake Natrix maura (Squamata: Colubridae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Climate change is generating range shifts in many organisms, notably along the altitudinal gradient. However, moving up in altitude exposes organisms to lower oxygen availability, which may negatively affect development and fitness, especially at high temperatures. To test this possibility in a potentially upward-colonizing species, we artificially incubated developing embryos of the viperine snake Natrix maura Linnaeus 1758, using a split-clutch design, in conditions of extreme high elevation or low elevation at two ecologically-relevant incubation temperatures (24 and 32 °C). Embryos at low and extreme high elevations incubated at cool temperatures did not differ in development time, hatchling phenotype or locomotor performance. However, at the warmer incubation temperature and at extreme high elevation, hatching success was reduced. Further, embryonic heart rates were lower, incubation duration longer and juveniles born smaller. Nonetheless, snakes in this treatment were faster swimmers than siblings in other treatment groups, suggesting a developmental trade-off between size and performance. Constraints on development may be offset by the maintenance of important performance metrics, thus suggesting that early life-history stages will not prevent the successful colonization of high-elevation habitat even under the dual limitations of reduced oxygen and increased temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Souchet
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Coralie Bossu
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Elodie Darnet
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Hugo Le Chevalier
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Manon Poignet
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Audrey Trochet
- Société Herpétologique de France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP41, 57 rue Cuvier, Paris, France
| | - Romain Bertrand
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174 Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Calvez
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | | | - Marc Mossoll-Torres
- Bomosa, Pl. Parc de la Mola, 10 Torre Caldea 7º, Les Escaldes, Andorra
- Pirenalia, c/ de la rectoria, 2 Casa Cintet, Encamp, Andorra
| | - Olivier Guillaume
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Laurent Barthe
- Société Herpétologique de France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP41, 57 rue Cuvier, Paris, France
- Nature En Occitanie, 14 rue de Tivoli, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Hervé Philippe
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
- Département de Biochimie, Centre Robert-Cedergren, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
- Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, 61 Sandusky Street, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5321 CNRS—Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Brand Drive, Bentley, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bodensteiner BL, Agudelo‐Cantero GA, Arietta AZA, Gunderson AR, Muñoz MM, Refsnider JM, Gangloff EJ. Thermal adaptation revisited: How conserved are thermal traits of reptiles and amphibians? J Exp Zool 2020; 335:173-194. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Bodensteiner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Gustavo A. Agudelo‐Cantero
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Biology ‐ Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | | | - Alex R. Gunderson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - Martha M. Muñoz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
| | | | - Eric J. Gangloff
- Department of Zoology Ohio Wesleyan University Delaware Ohio USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gangloff EJ, Schwartz TS, Klabacka R, Huebschman N, Liu AY, Bronikowski AM. Mitochondria as central characters in a complex narrative: Linking genomics, energetics, pace-of-life, and aging in natural populations of garter snakes. Exp Gerontol 2020; 137:110967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
21
|
Souchet J, Gangloff EJ, Micheli G, Bossu C, Trochet A, Bertrand R, Clobert J, Calvez O, Martinez-Silvestre A, Darnet E, LE Chevalier H, Guillaume O, Mossoll-Torres M, Barthe L, Pottier G, Philippe H, Aubret F. High-elevation hypoxia impacts perinatal physiology and performance in a potential montane colonizer. Integr Zool 2020; 15:544-557. [PMID: 32649806 PMCID: PMC7689776 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is generating range shifts in many organisms, notably along the elevational gradient in mountainous environments. However, moving up in elevation exposes organisms to lower oxygen availability, which may reduce the successful reproduction and development of oviparous organisms. To test this possibility in an upward‐colonizing species, we artificially incubated developing embryos of the viperine snake (Natrix maura) using a split‐clutch design, in conditions of extreme high elevation (hypoxia at 2877 m above sea level; 72% sea‐level equivalent O2 availability) or low elevation (control group; i.e. normoxia at 436 m above sea level). Hatching success did not differ between the two treatments. Embryos developing at extreme high elevation had higher heart rates and hatched earlier, resulting in hatchlings that were smaller in body size and slower swimmers compared to their siblings incubated at lower elevation. Furthermore, post‐hatching reciprocal transplant of juveniles showed that snakes which developed at extreme high elevation, when transferred back to low elevation, did not recover full performance compared to their siblings from the low elevation incubation treatment. These results suggest that incubation at extreme high elevation, including the effects of hypoxia, will not prevent oviparous ectotherms from producing viable young, but may pose significant physiological challenges on developing offspring in ovo. These early‐life performance limitations imposed by extreme high elevation could have negative consequences on adult phenotypes, including on fitness‐related traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Souchet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France.,Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, USA
| | - Gaëlle Micheli
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Coralie Bossu
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Audrey Trochet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Romain Bertrand
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Olivier Calvez
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | | | - Elodie Darnet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Hugo LE Chevalier
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Olivier Guillaume
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Marc Mossoll-Torres
- Bomosa, Pl. Parc de la Mola, Les Escaldes, Andorra.,Pirenalia, Encamp, Andorra
| | | | | | - Hervé Philippe
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France.,Département de Biochimie, Centre Robert-Cedergren, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Palacios MG, Gangloff EJ, Reding DM, Bronikowski AM. Genetic background and thermal environment differentially influence the ontogeny of immune components during early life in an ectothermic vertebrate. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:1883-1894. [PMID: 32472604 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An understudied aspect of vertebrate ecoimmunology has been the relative contributions of environmental factors (E), genetic background (G) and their interaction (G × E) in shaping immune development and function. Environmental temperature is known to affect many aspects of immune function and alterations in temperature regimes have been implicated in emergent disease outbreaks, making it a critical environmental factor to study in the context of immune phenotype determinants of wild animals. We assessed the relative influences of environmental temperature, genetic background and their interaction on first-year development of innate and adaptive immune defences of captive-born garter snakes Thamnophis elegans using a reciprocal transplant laboratory experiment. We used a full-factorial design with snakes from two divergent life-history ecotypes, which are known to differ in immune function in their native habitats, raised under conditions mimicking the natural thermal regime-that is, warmer and cooler-of each habitat. Genetic background (ecotype) and thermal regime influenced innate and adaptive immune parameters of snakes, but in an immune-component specific manner. We found some evidence of G × E interactions but no indication of adaptive plasticity with respect to thermal environment. At the individual level, the effects of thermal environment on resource allocation decisions varied between the fast- and the slow-paced life-history ecotypes. Under warmer conditions, which increased food consumption of individuals in both ecotypes, the former invested mostly in growth, whereas the latter invested more evenly between growth and immune development. Overall, immune parameters were highly flexible, but results suggest that other environmental factors are likely more important than temperature per se in driving the ecotype differences in immunity previously documented in the snakes under field conditions. Our results also add to the understanding of investment in immune development and growth during early postnatal life under different thermal environments. Our finding of immune-component specific patterns strongly cautions against oversimplification of the highly complex immune system in ecoimmunological studies. In conjunction, these results deepen our understanding of the degree of immunological flexibility wild animals present, information that is ever more vital in the context of rapid global environmental change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Palacios
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Dawn M Reding
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Anne M Bronikowski
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Taylor EN, Diele‐Viegas LM, Gangloff EJ, Hall JM, Halpern B, Massey MD, Rödder D, Rollinson N, Spears S, Sun B, Telemeco RS. The thermal ecology and physiology of reptiles and amphibians: A user's guide. J Exp Zool 2020; 335:13-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily N. Taylor
- Biological Sciences Department California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo California
| | | | | | - Joshua M. Hall
- Department of Biological Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama
| | | | - Melanie D. Massey
- Department of Biology Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Dennis Rödder
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig Bonn Germany
| | - Njal Rollinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto St. Toronto Ontario Canada
- School of the Environment University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Sierra Spears
- Department of Zoology Ohio Wesleyan University Delaware Ohio
| | - Bao‐jun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Rory S. Telemeco
- Department of Biology California State University Fresno California
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
The stress phenotype is multivariate. Recent advances have broadened our understanding beyond characterizing the stress response in a single dimension. Simultaneously, the toolbox available to ecophysiologists has expanded greatly in recent years, allowing the measurement of multiple biomarkers from an individual at a single point in time. Yet these advances-in our conceptual understanding and available methodologies-have not yet been combined in a unifying multivariate statistical framework. Here, we offer a brief review of the multivariate stress phenotype and describe a general statistical approach for analysis using nonparametric multivariate analysis of variance with residual randomization in permutation procedures (RRPP) implemented using the "RRPP" package in R. We also provide an example illustrating the novel insights that can be gained from a holistic multivariate approach to stress and provide a tutorial for how we analyzed these data, including annotated R code and a guide to interpretation of outputs (Online Appendix 1). We hope that this statistical methodology will provide a quantitative framework facilitating the unification of our theoretical understanding and empirical observations into a quantitative, multivariate theory of stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rory S Telemeco
- Department of Biology, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gangloff EJ, Sorlin M, Cordero GA, Souchet J, Aubret F. Lizards at the Peak: Physiological Plasticity Does Not Maintain Performance in Lizards Transplanted to High Altitude. Physiol Biochem Zool 2019; 92:189-200. [PMID: 30714846 DOI: 10.1086/701793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Warming climates are facilitating the range expansion of many taxa to habitats that were formerly thermally inhospitable, including to higher latitudes and elevations. The potential for such colonization, however, varies widely among taxa. Because environmental factors may interact to affect colonization potential, an understanding of underlying physiological and behavioral mechanisms is necessary to predict how species will respond to potentially suitable habitats. For example, temperature and oxygen availability will interact to shape physiological and performance traits. Our model species, the wall lizard, Podarcis muralis, is a widely distributed ectotherm that continues to expand its range in Europe despite being limited by cold temperatures at high elevations and latitudes. To test the potential for organisms to expand to warming high-altitude environments, we conducted a transplant experiment to quantify the within-individual effects of high-altitude hypoxia on physiological and performance traits. Transplanted lizards maintained individual differences in physiological traits related to oxygen capacity and metabolism (hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and peak postexhaustion metabolic rate), as well as performance traits tied to fitness (sprint speed and running endurance). Although lizards altered blood biochemistry to increase oxygen-carrying capacity, their performance was reduced at high altitude. Furthermore, lizards at high altitude suffered a rapid loss of body condition over the 6-wk experiment, suggesting an energetic cost to hypoxia. Taken together, this demonstrates a limited potential for within-individual plasticity to facilitate colonization of novel high-altitude environments.
Collapse
|
26
|
Kouyoumdjian L, Gangloff EJ, Souchet J, Cordero GA, Dupoué A, Aubret F. Transplanting gravid lizards to high elevation alters maternal and embryonic oxygen physiology, but not reproductive success or hatchling phenotype. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:jeb.206839. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.206839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increased global temperatures have opened previously inhospitable habitats, such as at higher elevations. However, the reduction of oxygen partial pressure with increase in elevation represents an important physiological constraint that may limit colonization of such habitats, even if the thermal niche is appropriate. To test the mechanisms underlying the response to ecologically-relevant levels of hypoxia, we performed a translocation experiment with the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis), a widespread European lizard amenable to establishing populations outside its natural range. We investigated the impacts of hypoxia on the oxygen physiology and reproductive output of gravid common wall lizards and the subsequent development and morphology of their offspring. Lowland females transplanted to high elevations increased their haematocrit and haemoglobin concentration within days and maintained routine metabolism compared to lizards kept at native elevations. However, transplanted lizards suffered from increased reactive oxygen metabolite production near the oviposition date, suggesting a cost of reproduction at high elevation. Transplanted females and females native to different elevations did not differ in reproductive output (clutch size, egg mass, relative clutch mass, or embryonic stage at oviposition) or in post-oviposition body condition. Developing embryos reduced heart rates and prolonged incubation times at high elevations within the native range and at extreme high elevations beyond the current range, but this reduced oxygen availability did not affect metabolic rate, hatching success, or hatchling size. These results suggest that this opportunistic colonizer is capable of successfully responding to novel environmental constraints in these important life-history stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kouyoumdjian
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS – UMR 5321, Moulis, France
| | - Eric J. Gangloff
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS – UMR 5321, Moulis, France
| | - Jérémie Souchet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS – UMR 5321, Moulis, France
| | - Gerardo A. Cordero
- Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andréaz Dupoué
- CNRS UPMC, UMR 7618, iEES Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS – UMR 5321, Moulis, France
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, 6102 WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Rory S Telemeco
- Department of Biology, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hamel S, Gaillard JM, Yoccoz NG, Bassar RD, Bouwhuis S, Caswell H, Douhard M, Gangloff EJ, Gimenez O, Lee PC, Smallegange IM, Steiner UK, Vedder O, Vindenes Y. General conclusion to the special issue Moving forward on individual heterogeneity. OIKOS 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.05223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hamel
- Dept of Arctic and Marine Biology; UiT The Arctic Univ. of Norway; Tromsø Norway
| | | | - Nigel G. Yoccoz
- Dept of Arctic and Marine Biology; UiT The Arctic Univ. of Norway; Tromsø Norway
| | - Ron D. Bassar
- Dept of Biology; Williams College; Williamstown MA USA
| | - Sandra Bouwhuis
- Inst of Avian Research ‘Vogelwarte Helgoland’; Wilhelmshaven Germany
| | - Hal Caswell
- Inst. for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics; Univ. of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | | | - Eric J. Gangloff
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS; Moulis France
| | - Olivier Gimenez
- CEFE UMR 5175; CNRS, Univ. de Montpellier, Univ. Paul-Valéry Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - Phylis C. Lee
- Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences; Univ. of Stirling; Stirling UK
| | - Isabel M. Smallegange
- Inst. for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics; Univ. of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich K. Steiner
- Max-Planck Odense Centre on the Biodemography of Aging, and Dept of Biology; Odense Denmark
| | - Oscar Vedder
- Inst of Avian Research ‘Vogelwarte Helgoland’; Wilhelmshaven Germany
- Groningen Inst. for Evolutionary Life Sciences; Univ. of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rory S. Telemeco
- Department of BiologyCalifornia State UniversityFresnoCalifornia
| | - Eric J. Gangloff
- Department of EcologyEvolution, and Organismal BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowa
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gangloff EJ, Sparkman AM, Bronikowski AM. Among-individual heterogeneity in maternal behaviour and physiology affects reproductive allocation and offspring life-history traits in the garter snakeThamnophis elegans. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Gangloff
- Dept. of Ecology; Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State Univ.; Ames IA USA
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS; FR-09200 Moulis France
| | | | - Anne M. Bronikowski
- Dept. of Ecology; Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State Univ.; Ames IA USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cordero GA, Andersson BA, Souchet J, Micheli G, Noble DW, Gangloff EJ, Uller T, Aubret F. Physiological plasticity in lizard embryos exposed to high-altitude hypoxia. J Exp Zool 2017; 327:423-432. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeremie Souchet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis; Moulis France
| | - Gaëlle Micheli
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis; Moulis France
| | - Daniel W.A. Noble
- Ecology & Evolution Research Centre; School of Biological; Earth and Environmental Sciences; The University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Eric J. Gangloff
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis; Moulis France
- Department of Ecology; Evolution, and Organismal Biology; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa USA
| | - Tobias Uller
- Department of Biology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis; Moulis France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Telemeco RS, Gangloff EJ, Cordero GA, Polich RL, Bronikowski AM, Janzen FJ. Physiology at near‐critical temperatures, but not critical limits, varies between two lizard species that partition the thermal environment. J Anim Ecol 2017; 86:1510-1522. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rory S. Telemeco
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA USA
- Department of Biology University of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Eric J. Gangloff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA USA
| | - Gerardo A. Cordero
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA USA
- Department of Biology Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Rebecca L. Polich
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA USA
| | - Anne M. Bronikowski
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA USA
| | - Fredric J. Janzen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gangloff EJ, Chow M, Leos-Barajas V, Hynes S, Hobbs B, Sparkman AM. Integrating behaviour into the pace-of-life continuum: Divergent levels of activity and information gathering in fast- and slow-living snakes. Behav Processes 2017. [PMID: 28648696 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA
| | - Melinda Chow
- Department of Biology, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, CA 93108 USA
| | | | - Stephanie Hynes
- Department of Biology, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, CA 93108 USA
| | - Brooke Hobbs
- Department of Biology, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, CA 93108 USA
| | - Amanda M Sparkman
- Department of Biology, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, CA 93108 USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Addis EA, Gangloff EJ, Palacios MG, Carr KE, Bronikowski AM. Merging the “Morphology–Performance–Fitness” Paradigm and Life-History Theory in the Eagle Lake Garter Snake Research Project. Integr Comp Biol 2017; 57:423-435. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icx079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
|
35
|
Telemeco RS, Gangloff EJ, Cordero GA, Mitchell TS, Bodensteiner BL, Holden KG, Mitchell SM, Polich RL, Janzen FJ. Reptile Embryos Lack the Opportunity to Thermoregulate by Moving within the Egg. Am Nat 2016; 188:E13-27. [DOI: 10.1086/686628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
36
|
Gangloff EJ, Holden KG, Telemeco RS, Baumgard LH, Bronikowski AM. Hormonal and metabolic responses to upper temperature extremes in divergent life-history ecotypes of a garter snake. J Exp Biol 2016; 219:2944-2954. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.143107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Extreme temperatures constrain organismal physiology and impose both acute and chronic effects. Additionally, temperature-induced hormone-mediated stress response pathways and energetic trade-offs are important drivers of life-history variation. This study employs an integrative approach to quantify acute physiological responses to high temperatures in divergent life-history ecotypes of the western terrestrial garter snake (Thamnophis elegans). Using wild-caught animals, we measured oxygen consumption rate and physiological markers of hormonal stress response, energy availability, and anaerobic respiration in blood plasma across five ecologically relevant temperatures (24, 28, 32, 35, and 38° C; 3-hour exposure). Corticosterone, insulin, and glucose concentrations all increased with temperature, but with different thermal response curves, suggesting that high temperatures differently affect energy-regulation pathways. Additionally, oxygen consumption rate increased without plateau and lactate concentration did not increase with temperature, challenging the recent hypothesis that oxygen limitation sets upper thermal tolerance limits. Finally, animals had similar physiological thermal responses to high-temperature exposure regardless of genetic background, suggesting that local adaptation has not resulted in fixed differences between ecotypes. Together, these results identify some of the mechanisms by which higher temperatures alter hormonal-mediated energy balance in reptiles and potential limits to the flexibility of this response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Gangloff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Kaitlyn G. Holden
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Rory S. Telemeco
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Present Address: Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lance H. Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Anne M. Bronikowski
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Elliott ER, Reason RD, Coffman CR, Gangloff EJ, Raker JR, Powell-Coffman JA, Ogilvie CA. Improved Student Learning through a Faculty Learning Community: How Faculty Collaboration Transformed a Large-Enrollment Course from Lecture to Student Centered. CBE Life Sci Educ 2016; 15:15/2/ar22. [PMID: 27252298 PMCID: PMC4909344 DOI: 10.1187/cbe.14-07-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Undergraduate introductory biology courses are changing based on our growing understanding of how students learn and rapid scientific advancement in the biological sciences. At Iowa State University, faculty instructors are transforming a second-semester large-enrollment introductory biology course to include active learning within the lecture setting. To support this change, we set up a faculty learning community (FLC) in which instructors develop new pedagogies, adapt active-learning strategies to large courses, discuss challenges and progress, critique and revise classroom interventions, and share materials. We present data on how the collaborative work of the FLC led to increased implementation of active-learning strategies and a concurrent improvement in student learning. Interestingly, student learning gains correlate with the percentage of classroom time spent in active-learning modes. Furthermore, student attitudes toward learning biology are weakly positively correlated with these learning gains. At our institution, the FLC framework serves as an agent of iterative emergent change, resulting in the creation of a more student-centered course that better supports learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Elliott
- Center for Teaching and Learning, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | - Clark R Coffman
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Jeffrey R Raker
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620
| | - Jo Anne Powell-Coffman
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Craig A Ogilvie
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gangloff EJ, Vleck D, Bronikowski AM. Developmental and Immediate Thermal Environments Shape Energetic Trade-Offs, Growth Efficiency, and Metabolic Rate in Divergent Life-History Ecotypes of the Garter Snake Thamnophis elegans. Physiol Biochem Zool 2015; 88:550-63. [DOI: 10.1086/682239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|